The New York Herald Newspaper, January 6, 1860, Page 4

W YORK HERALD. | JAMES OFFICE N. W COKNES Voleme XXV AMUSEMENTS RVRNING, Troadway.—Four Lovers—Rosr NOME. BOWRAY CTEATRE Rowers Twrvenwen IN PL ANOR—CRUBLTY 01 OER TEEMAN to De FAnane—Jeway JOMNNY—Goon Natorep WolLaCKIS THRATRE, Broadway.—Horsanwn 10 Oxper—liarry May, LAURA KKKNK'S THKATRS, 624 Broadway, —Gueew Busune. EW #OWKKY THEATRE, Nowery.—Two Wiauwar- MEN—Morike (008% AND THE GOLDEN BGG~DAMOM AND Prnias—A Lar 1¥-a-Lamr, BARSUM'S AMERIOAN MUSEUM. Broatway.—Afer. Boon and Kvening—Cuautas tue SH0OND—FORTY Tuinv Rs. BRYA NTS MINATRELA, Mechanins' Gall. 473 Broadway— Bouansuves, Bones, Dances, &O—Naw Year's Gaus NIDLO'E SALOON, Browtway.—Geo. Cugmrr’s Min- Srmate uv Sowas, Danone, Buatasques, &e.—Mas. Dar's Naw Year Casas rox 1860. POLYTECHNIC (NSTITUTE, Brooklyn —Drarron's Pas- 108 OPERAS—NENOR ULIVIERA. New York, Frida, The News. The steamship: Bohemian arrived at Portland last evening with Eurovean news to the 22d ult., four days ister. The meeting of the Europeau Congress is definitely fixed for January 20. The representatives of the Powers are nearly all offici- ally announced as already indicated, including Count Cavour for Sardinia. The London 7imes, speaking of the execution of old Brown, ridicules the Northern sympathy, and predicts that the matter will tend to strengthen the South. The weather in England and France had been excessively cold, but had moderated. Jerome Napoleon's heslth was improving The reported reduction in the French tariff will apply principally to cotton. The Spanish forces were concentrated at Ceuta, bat the Moors were still the assailants. Another engagement ‘was reported as disastrous to the Moors. Nu- merous political arrests at Naples are reported. The reported intended abdication of the Emperor of Austria is unfounded. Austria was reducing ber army. The affairs of Hungary were daily more threatening. Important submissions to Russia in the Caucasus were reported. The financial and commercial news exhibits no important change, The Cunard screw steamship Etna, Capt. Ander- son, from Liverpool 17th ult, and the new steam. ship Glasgow, Capt. Thomson, from Greeaock Lith and Queenstown 17th ult., arrived at this port yes- terday morning, both having experienced heavy gales during their passage. We have advices from Venezuela, by way of Ha- vana, to the 7th ult’ The accounts state that the general pacification of the republic was favorably progressing, and wherever the wandering rebels can be brought to @ stand, they are summarily at- tacked and defeated by the troops of the govern- ment. The journals, however, complain that the judicial power of the country does not work with sufficient force and energy, and argue the propriety of effecting changes in this department of the go- vernment. Generals Ramos and Rubin were still Closely pursaing the rebel Falcon, who would not accept battle, but continues to fly from place to place, hiding as best he can in the mountains. It was hoped that he would soon be captared. Ac- cording to a letter from Barcelona of the 7th ult., inserted in the Comercio of Laguayra, Sotiilo had attacked Pao with more than 2,000 men, but was repulsed by the constitutional troops with some loss. A force of 3,400 men, well armed, was about to par- sue and bring bim to s decisive battle. The rebels had not ceased to plot against public safety in Caracas, but the executive and municipal power had taken means to render all attempts abortive. The friends of order were anxiously locking for the meeting of Congress and the termination of the war. The coffee crop had begun to suffer for the want of labor. By way of New Orleans we have Havana dates to the ist inst. The sugar market was dull, with un- changed prices. There was no news of a general character. We publish this morning details of interesting news from California, British Columbia, the Sand- wich Islands, the Amoor river and Japan, received by the overland mail which left San Francisco on the 12th ult. In Congress yesterday nothing of interest hap- pened in the Senate. That body stands adjourned till Monday. In the House an unsuccessfal effort was made to bring about a temporary organization by the appointment of Mr. Corwin, of Ohio, to the Speakership, with the view to the passage of an appropriation bill for the relief of the mail contract- ors. Two ballots were then had for Speaker, with- out any choice. Considerable palaver ensued on various political topics, which finally led to a lively quarrel among the members of the Indiaua delega- tion, Messrs. Porter and Dunn, republicans, charg- ing Mr. Davis, anti-Lecompton democrat, with hold- ing heretical doctrines as to the Dred Scott deci- tion before his constituents, which charge the latter pronounced a wilful falsehood. There was some talk in Washington last evening of a duel between the disputants. The Chamber of Commerce held “ueir regular monthly meeting yesterday, and elected four candi- dates to membership. Mr. George Opdyke was hosen a member of the Arbitration Committee. mmittee on the subject of sanded cotton re- they could devise no better method of Nene than to require that the name of each planter ped upon his bales. A com- mittee was 7 draw up a memorial to Congress to amend lating to the census, 80 that commercial sta’ those of population. presented, none of them, however, portance. The Legislature transacted but little business yes- terday. The concurrent resolutions adopted last year for increasing the number of Jndges of the ‘Court of Appeals to six, and extending their terms of office to nine and twelve years, were imtroduced, concurred in, and laid over under the rule. A mo- tion to refer all papers relative to tolling railroad freights was laid on the table. Nothing of general interest transpired in the House. The Board of Councilmen met last evening, and on the first ballot elected Morgan Jones as Preai- Gent for the ensning year, over John Van Tine, who received nine votes, the former having obtaia- ed fifteen votes. It was said that the republicans ‘went over to the Jones wing of the democracy. Charles T. McCienachan was re-elected Clerk by ac- clamation, and all his assistants were re-appointed. A resolution directing the Comptroller to take no steps in selling the Brooklyn ferry leases until oth- erwise ordered was adopted. On Monday last Judge Sutherland, of the Su preme Court, granted 4 writ of errorin the case of Jamer Stephens, sentenced for the third time to execution fer poisoning his wife. The remittiter has been received from Albany by Mr. Ashmead, his counsel, so that Stephens’ fate is not yet sealed, and he will, in all probability, have another trial. ‘The Corporation Counsel has appointed George ©. Genet as Corporation Attorney, in piace of George H. Parser, and Stephen P. Russell as Public Admmistrator, in place of Thomas C. Fields. Mr. Genet fled his bonds yesterday with the Comp- tr + Mr. Rasseli’s appointment was somewhat | feel the premonitory symptoms of a dissolution vexpected, a8 he was thought to be a candidate | or the Union im the loss of their Southern or another office—that of Street Commissioner. aikindae) The Sales of cotton yesterday embraced about 1,500 Dales, including 400 bales in transi, Tae market closed With steadiness, on the basis of about 11 Xo. per Ib. for miovling uplands, Flour was steaiy, and the demand fair for State and Western brands, while prices were with: out chang of moment, Southern flour was in fair re Quest, with some purchases for export to trontcal ports. Wheat was firm and the market rather more acuve, with some purchases for export. Corn was unchanged. Vork was beavy, with moderate sales, including mess at $16 06% 2$2622%, and of prime at $1150 a $11 6254. Sugars were Orm, while sales were moderate, embraciog avout 606 hbds., at prices given in another cotumu. Colloe was firm, with sales of 1,500 bags Rio and Santos and 180 do. Maracaibo, at prices given eleewhere. ‘Tea was held with Hrinness, white pales were light. Freights were svawly, To Liverpool 14,000 bushels wheat were engagod at Si. ia bulk; clover seed was tuken at 25s. per tou; bazon at 20s. ; (40 boxes choese ut 276, Gl., wiih tierce Deef to London at 46. Od. a Sa, and pork at Ss. 64.; 600 bales cotton were engaged by steamer for Naples at 7-8c., and the brig Frederic was taken up for Antwerp at $2,000. To Bre- men apples, rosin , 200 cases of tobacco and 200 bales cot: ton were eugaged on private terms. The Vital Question—Great Conservative Reaction in New England. The following circular, which, with the sig- natures attached, we have received ia a printed form through a Connecticut correspondent, cannot fail to challenge the serious attention of our political readers of all parties:-— 10 CONNECTICUT MANUFACTURERS. The unversigved manufacturers of the State of Con- necticut, convened at New Haven, nu the 28th day of De- cember, A. D 1869, for the purposs of taking into con sideration the state of the Union at the present crisis of our national affairs, do invite all the manufacturers in the State of Connecuicut to meet in Convention at Meriden, on the 16ib day of January, A. D. 180, at 10 o'clock A ML, fo puss such resolutions, and to agree upon such con- cert of action, 46 shail tend to allay the pregout unhappy which not only distarbs the business of the country, but weakens the ties of a common political and social brotherhood. Charles A. Converse, Manufacturer of Angers and Auger Bitts, Norwich, Wm. § Charuley, President Iron and Steel Works, Derby. F. P. Ambler & Son, Saddle and Gig Trees, Bridgeport. Frary, Cacey & Co., Manufacturers, sferiden. Denne C. Wicox, Britannia Mavufacturing Co., West Mergen. Miles Bradley & Son, Axe and Tool Manufacturing Co., Westport. Ras mond French, Humphreysville Manufacturing Co., Soymioar, Goorge Goodyear, Rubber Co., Beacon Falls, 7. B Wheeler, Paper Manufacturer, Southbury. E 8, Wheeler, Manufacturer, Naugatuck. Edward Miller, Lamp Trimmings, &c., Meriden. A. H. Jackson, President Baldwin Tool Maaufacturing Co., Middictown. J A. Preston, Manufacturer, Fair Haven. H. EF Robbins, Secretary Hartford Manufacturing Co., Hartford. Lonis Boyd, American Hoo Co., West Winstead. Wm. G. Lueburg, Secretary Tomlinson Spring and Axle Co., Bridgeport. Davenport & Mailory, Lock Manufacturers, New Ha- ven. Flag & Daldwiv, Manufacturers of Straw Goods, Mil- ford. George M. Landers, Manufacturer, New Britain, L. E. Denison, Manufacturer, Winthrop. Charles Cook, Cook Axle Co., Winsted. wit H. & C. Doviittle, Carriage Manufacturers, Pleasant alley. John A. Peck, Union Knife Co., Naugatusk. L. 8. Parsons, Presivent Squire & Parsons’ Manufactur- ing Co , Branford. enry G. Lewis, Manufacturer, New Haven. ¥. N. Shelton, President Tack and Bolt Manufacturing Co., Derby. ‘Sheldon Bassett, President Birmingham Iron Foundry and Machine Co., Derby. oct Lewis, Britannia Manufacturing Co., Woat Me- Tiden. 8. W. Collins, Collinsville Axe Co., Collinsville. It thus appears that these Connecticut manu- facturers have at length discovered it to be their duty and their interest to take the field in the form of an independent Union movement, against our mischievous sectional agitators of the sla- very question. There can be no doubt of the drift of this movement. It is evidently levelled at ourslavery agitating republican party. Many of these Connecticut manufacturers have been drawn into the republican ranks in opposition to the democratic party, not so much on ac- count of slavery as upon the question of a tariff protection of some sort to our home manufacturing interests. Now, it appears that this thing has been carried too far, and that in the absence of orders at the present time from the South and Southwest, these New England manufacturers are opening their eyes to the positive dangers of their position. In this connection we are assured that “three- fourths of the receipts of the manufacturers of Connecticut for the last two years have been the direct earnings of slave labor, with which the taxes of said manufacturers have been paid, their schools mainly supported, and from which the very salaries of their aboli- tion parsons have been drawn.” And yet the strange anomaly is presented in this very section of the North (New England) of the strongest abolition proclivities on the part of her people, who are in reality as de- pendent upon slave labor as the “slave oli- garchy” of South Carolina or Louisiana. It is well, however, that our New England manu- facturers are at last becoming “sound on the goose question,” in comprehending the ruinous folly of killing the goose which lays their gold- eneggs. The argument which appeals to the direct question of subsistence is conclusive; and neither the preachings of abolition par- sons, nor the teachings of abolition dema- gogues, nor the appeals of a mere sectional party, can stand against it. In a political view the importance of this movement of the manufacturing class of Con- necticut cannot be over-estimated. The manu- facturing interest was the backbone of the old whig party, and in the New England and Cen- tral States it is the backbone of the republican party. Detach this great interest from the re- publican camp, and that party is at once re- duced to a contemptible faction. And we per- ceive, too, that this thing may be done. This Connecticut movement is mainly due to the absence of Southern orders for Connecticut made hoes, axes, tacks, bolts, saddle and gig trees, and all and several of the thousand other “Yankee notions,” from Yankee clocks to Yan- broom handles, that have entered hereto- fore xo largely into the list of articles of Southern consuMption, As this pressure will extend to all the manufacturing interests of the Northern States with the vontinuance of this Northern crusade against Southern slavery, this inde- pendent political movement of the manufactur- ing class will extend until this republican party of “one idea” shall be superseded or broken to pieces. It is reported that Senator Mason appeared” in his seat in the Senate, the other day, ina suit of Virginia homespun. By the republican members of the body this may have been laughed st as a trifling circumstance or as a trick for notoriety; but such trifies as these almost invariably mark the beginning of some great political revolution. We have no doubt that our Northern manufacturers, from Connec- ticut to Cincinnati, can furnish a fearfal inter- pretation to this freak of Senator Mason, in the absence of a large proportion of their Southern orders since the disclosures of the incendiary tendencies of the republican party, in connec- tion with old John Brown's bloody foray and the infamous abolition book of Helper. Nor is it surprising that our manufacturing people should take the alarm, and follow the example of our commercial classes, when they begin to All these things foreshadow a crushing defeat of the republican party in November next. Aguiust the federal administration, the united South, the reunited Northern democracy, and aguinat the democratic party thus consolidated and strengthened by the bulk of the conservative commercial and manufacturing classes of the North, bow can this republican party of the “one idea” of hostility to slavery escape a crushing defeat? All thie powerful array of consistent elements against it ia fairly within the reavh of the Charleston Convention. Municmat Rerorm at Last.—Mayor Wood has entered vigorously upon his official duties already, The following public notice has been issued by him, which embraces tbe framework of a radical reform in the administration of the municipal government, and we commend it to the special attention of our readers:— PUBLIC NOTICE. Mayor's Orrick, New Yorx, Jan. 4, 1860. ‘The public are notified that all measures passed by the Common Council requiring the approval of the Mayor will be published in extenso in four of the leading daity papers five days before being acted upon by me, to the ena that ali persons who are opposed may have an op- tunity to be heard. Objecuons must bo made in writ- 1 ubtii otherwise directed by the undersigned, This poubtication will not be omitted except in extraordinary cases requiring immediate action. No wartaut for money will be countersigned unless ac- companied by the neceaemry vouchers, aud an examina- top of the parties receiving it under oath as to the trans- action upon which it is based, provided ta the judgment of the Mayur there are reasons for supposing collusion, fraud or unfair dealing, in which the Corporation is likely tu be a sulferer, The Mayor solicits Magen red if well founded and sub- stapuated, against the subordinate officers of tho Corpo- ration, findiug, in section 18 of the charter, authority to examine into any c against them for neglect or viv. lation of duty. ‘The rooms heretofore occupied as a Police Court, in the basement of the City Hall, wil be, as soom as practica- ble, directly connected with the Mayor's office, and used ag an Emigrant and Strangere’ Protection Bureau. Per. sons of integrity will be placed in charge, qualified to rive all necessary information in any of the Continental lunguages. Due notice of the rules and mode of con- ducting this office will be given as soon as the arrange. ments are completed. ‘The hours for the transaction of pubtic business in tho Mayor's office will be from ten o’clock A. M. until three o'clock P. M., until otherwise ordeced. FERNANDO WOOD, Mayor. These are just the measures most needed to facilitate reform. Numbers of ordinances passed by the Common Council are never known to the public uatil they become law, and hence many measures wholly corrupt and improper are imposed upon the people. The Mayor's determination to investigate all charges against the subordinate officers of the Corporation for neglect or violation of duty is a wholesome one, which we hope the public will aid him in carrying ont. The establish- ment of a bureau for the protection of emi- grants and strangers from the hordes of sharp- ers who beset them on their arrival in the me- tropolis is also an excellent scheme. While Mayor Wood is quite correct in esti- mating at a very low rate the authority vested in the chief magistrate by the existing charter, and representing the position of that officer as little better than a clerk, there are yet some powers which he can exercise with great bene- fit to the city. For example, he can at any time remove “for cause” the members of the Croton Board, the Street Commissioner and the City Inspector. There can be no stronger cause for the removal of any public officer than a neglect to perform his duties faithfully. Though we have the fullest confidence in the present Street Commissioner and City Inspec- tor, yet we would advise the Mayor—who we are satisfied intends todo his duty—to exercise a close supervision over these departments, and if any neglect is observable—if any frauds are permitted to creep into the one, or any nui- sances or obstructions of the streets are allowed to remain by the other—to remeve the present incumbents at once, and state to the Common Council bis reasons for 80 doing. Should any such things occur in these departments, there will be sufficient cause for removal under the charter; but if these officials perform their duties as well as any other men, they should be retained, without any reference to party favors or prejudices. We care nothing for party so long as our local affairs are properly administered; neither, we believe, does Mayor Wood, for we give him credit for the best in- tentions in the discharge of his duty to the public, an evidence of which we find in the above notice. More Practical, DEVELOPEMENTS OF THE “ In- REPRESSIBLE ConrLict.”—We are informed that Mesers. A. T. Stewart & Co. have found it expe- dient to discharge over fifty of their clerks since the Ist of January, in consequence of the great falling off in their Southern trade, occa- sioned by the indignation of merchants below Mason and Dixon’s line at recent incendiary proceedings at the North. Weare told, also, that over one hundred firms of lesser note have been compelled to curtail their establishments and their expenses from the same cause. Thus the storm is beginning to rage, and it affects all classes alike. Probably thousands of young men—salesmen, bookkeepers, laborers—will weep tears of blood, before the lapse of many months, at witnessing the poverty and desola- tion which the horrible doctrines of William H. Seward, as developed by his practical disci- ples, Brown, Cook, Helper, and the sixty-four Congressional endorsers of his infamous book, have introduced into their households and families. We learn that among those who are suffer- ing most severely from the refusal of Southern gentlemen to buy their goods are certain poli- tico-printers of calicoes, whose trade has long been almost exclusively with the Southern market. Their cases gape day by day for cus- tomers, without the appearance of even those who are comparatively careless of Southern in- terests. One of these latter remarked lately, “I don’t care about politics, but I dare not buy goods of these men, for it would leak out, at home, and I should be ruined.” Swrp.ivc tux Parster.—The Board of Su- pervisors recently inserted an advertisement in our columns for which we charged at precisely the game rates as we do to chambermaids and otters seeking employment; but they have re- fused toy for the work unless it is reduced to a price by themselves. The Board of Supervisors and public bodies are in the habit of laying dowt™a scale of prices for printing which would not fom Xhe paper upon which the advertisements ap —some- thing which they have no right to GU! is not for them to decide in a business tran tion what sum pays or does not pay for the work done for them. We have seen a decision rendered by one of our courts which just reaches this case, and it was this :—That when any public body advertises without making a special stipulation as to price, it is to be con- sidered as a contract to pay the usual adver- tising rates established by the newspaper, it being aseumed that the price which satisdes the public should satisfy them. Now, we mean to sue the Board of Supervisors for the amount due, and thus test the question as to their rights in the matter. We shall have the ques- tion decided whether they or we shall affix the price of labor performed by us. The Supervisors, it is pretty well known, do not stop at what may be called a shave upon the public treasury occasionally, and itis mean and contemptible in them to descend to swindling the printer. This Board, in fact, is just what Mayor Wood styles it in his mes- sage—a nuisance that ought to be abolished. Negro Insurrections and Their Bloody Resalis—Au instructive History for the Abobtionists. The insurrection of John Brown at Harper's Ferry has attracted the attention of the whole world, and given rise to speculation and com- went as to the result which @ negro insurrec- tion in the Southern States would produce upor the destinies of this country. In England and France, and wherever the English tongue is spoken, the matter has been widely dis- cussed. Need we gay that the enemies of the Tepublic would rejoice to see such a scheme as Brown's consummated, or that the friends of this Union and of republicanism would deplore it as a direful calamity? There are a great many well-meaning and really humane men in the world who become agents of crime and disaster through ignorance of the consequences which must follow the initiatory steps of an acrimonious political agitation; and of this class there are very many to be found in the Northern and Eastern States, who would shrink with horror from any participation in the reali- ties of a general uprising of one race against another, yet who would foster such uader- takings as that of Brown, through ignorance of what a negro insurrection really is. For the iuformation of this class of men, and all others who are uninformed as to the character of the African race when aroused, exasperated and armed, we publish to-day a full and most inte- resting history of negro insurrections for the last two hundred years, embracing the shock- ing affairs in St. Domingo, Jamaica, Barbadoes, aud those which occurred or were discovered in our own country—in New York, Charleston, in Virginia, Tennessee, Louisiana and Arkan- sas. The ferocious and savage attributes of the negro character are fearfully demonstrated in the accounts of these insurrections. In every instance the plan designed was a general conflagration, an indiscriminate massacre of all. the white population, without regard to age or sex, save in a few instances, where the women were to be spared for a fate worse than death at the bands of the brutal negroes. This terrible history establishes beyond con- troversy the fact that the negro race, once armed and aroused, are more merciless than wild beasts; that their actions are instigated by the most fiendish passions, and that their origi- nal savage nature is uncontrolled by partial civilization. Atrocities and tortures which exceed the worst devices of savage tribes marked the conduct of the negro insurgents in St. Domingo in the insurrection of 1791. Their white victims were put to death in a frightful manner. As described by a writer, their flesh was torn off with red hot pincers, they were sawed asunder between planks, roasted before a slow fire, or had their eyes wrenched out with red hot corkscrews. In this insurrection two thousand whites were thus murdered in two months, a hundred and eighty sugar plantations and nine hundred coffee and cotton plantations were destroyed, and twelve hundred families reduced to poverty. Systematic poisoning of the whites by the slaves, in their households, was another plan adopted in St. Domingo, and spread to such an extent over the island that a universal terror seized upon the whole white population. The scenes enacted by the negroes in Jamaica and Barbadoes, at different periods, were not less horrible than those of St. Domingo, and it is remarkable that the insurrection of 1816 in Barbadoes was instigated by the speeches of the abolitionists in the British Parliament, just as the St. Domingo massacres were excited by the Amis des Noirs, or French abolitionists of the National Assembly, and as the fanatical appeals and incendiary doctrines enunciated from the halls of legislation, the lecture rooms and the pulpits in this country, are exciting an insur- rectionary spirit in our midst to-day, which threatens to plunge the country into bloodshed and disorder. In the attempted revolt in Charleston in 1822, the speeches of Senator King, of New York, were cited by the negroes asa proof that they had friends in Congress who would stand by them. In the negro insurrections carried out or plan- ned in New York in 1741, in Charleston in 1822, in Virginia in 1831,and in Louisiana, Tennes- see and Arkansas in 1856, the example of St. Domingo was to be closely followed—first, the dwellings were to be set on fire, and the whole white population then massacred, whereupon plunder and rapine were to follow. Had these insurrections not been discovered there is no doubt that the Southern States would have witnessed the eame scenes of horror which characterized the brutal actions of the negroes in St. Domingo and Jamaica. Indeed, in the rising of 1831 in the State of Virginia, the acts of atrocity actually committed are horri- ble to think of. Whole families were butchered and their bodies thrown to the hogs for food. Ten poor children at school, together with their female teacher, were savagely murdered by the negroes. In all, some sixty whites fell victims to the fiendish rage of the insurgents. With these historical facts before us, estab- lishing the brutal nature and instincts of the negro race, how fearful it is to contemplate the bare possibility of the negroes of eur Southern States rising in arms against the white popula- tion! And yet we hear every day exciting ap- peals made to bring about that awful calamity. We hear men high in station, and commanding influence among their brethren, justifying the raid of John Brown, and declaring his bloody mission in Kansas and Virginia hardly second to the divine mission of Christ! We commend to the notice of dreamers like Ralph Waldo Emerson, to treasonable fanatics and demagogues like Garrison, Seward, Wen- dell Phillips, Greeley and May, and to false preachers like Cheever and Beecher, woody history of negro insurrections wh “e publish today. These men must BR “othing of that history— they must ha Ro conception of what the nd is strong and we they would negro race is witp!® armed against the whit® not attempt to stir up the to insurrection, the result g the extermination of the g ~~ NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, JANUARY 6, 1860. the country—a reat to be preceded by the bloodiest tragedy ever reo orded in history. Let them read this account of negro atroci- ties for the last two centuries— read it calmly, ponder well upon it, and endemvor to realize the fearful reeponsibility they are incurring by the fanatical course they have chosen to pur- sue. In this momentous crisis, when the South is in a fever of alarm and distrust, we fim’! the re- publican members of Congress pursuing a course calculated to increase that damerous state of feeling, by insisting upon the election of Mr. Sherman to the Speakership—while they profess to have no sympathy with the Brawn foray—Sherman, a man who has endorsed and recommended the circulation of Helper’s book, which is designed to create around our own hearths a negro insurrection among four millions of the African race—a colossal massacre when compered with the leaser insurrections of for- mer periods, the horrors whereof we recount in our columas to-day, and which make the blood 1un cold to read. Tue Monat, MeraryysicaL anp Pracricas. Somvrion or tHe Great Question oF THE Day.—The first and most important among the vexed questions of the day—equal in its puzzling complexity to perpetual motion, or the quadrature of the circle— is the dead lock in Congress on the question of “Who shall be Speaker?” For day in and day out, during the last month, the assembled wisdom of the republic has alter- nately ballotted and spouted without approxi- matiog in any degree the great result upon which, according to the members’ view of the matter, the destinies of the nation depend. The pons assinorun is apparently impassable. Everything has been tried ; every parliamentary and political dodge has been resorted to, but without effect. The House remains in the dead waste and middle of disorganization. Ontside the bar, the lobby howls, and Pennsylvania avenue is dismal with the groans of hungry mail contractors and other disgusted creditors. Tt is an awful state of things—a desperate dis- ease, which demands a desperate remedy. But where is the remedy?—where the physician to apply it? Nobody seems to know. Without taking any particular credit to ourselves for it, we believe we are justified in announcing that we have discovered the way to solve this great question—to wind up and set Congress going in the usual way. And we propose to do it in a novel and original manner, thus:— Every one will remember the splendid way | in which the Chevalier Forney attempted to re- lieve his friend Forrest of a troublesome wife, almost as puzzling a matter as this of the Speakersbip. In case any of the members of Congress should have forgotten the Forney method of operations, we have printed, in an- other part of to-day’s paper, the celebrated letter addressed by the Chevalier to George Roberts. It isnot very long, and will bear reading, like the classics, many times. We be- lieve that owing to some circumstances be- yond his control the tactics adopted by For- ney in the Forrest case were not quite s0 suc- cessful as they might have been. He did not succeed in corrupting the morals of the stage; but, according to all accounts, politicians are not so squeamish as actors and actresses, and mancuvres which would not answer with the latter might succeed very finely with the for- mer, And in order that the experiment may be fairly tried, we have taken the pains to prepare the following draft of a proposed letter from THE CHEVALIER FORNEY TO THURLOW WEED. : A Jan. 4, 11 ‘Wasauxaror, 860, Our friend Sherman is now here, ani is ing very hard to get elected Speaker of the ‘House, and to Now, in view gee mg state of things, you ought tic ttomenny hy fat friend = who is near! at lea of being it po- Hilo andl give balf what Ko is worth to be released from it. This matter must be kept secret. Above all, do not name me in connection with it; excuse me for troub! youin regard to it. My ardent attachment to glorious Sherman, and also to the Clerk’s pay, must be my excuse. Now, won’t you come on and help to relieve him? ‘The persons who are annoying our friend Sherman are some of the anti-Lecompton whom we bought last summer from Mr. jlas,and who have now run away in the most a! manner. They are our pro- perty, our oxen and cows and asses—white slaves, who have escaped from the service due our friend Sherman— and you must come on and look up the title deeds, 80 that they may be returned to us. ‘ou know that after the fall elections we found we must rely on the anti-Lecompton votes to carry out our programme, and now after that infernal Brown business, and that terrible Helper book, some of Shee Eevee weak in the back and must be stiffened up. You are the man to do it. ‘Now you can find it to your interest to help us in this matter. ia end Sher- BEESS it plied Ne E 3 5 rman. ip you inthe matter, probably, to know eley, the editor, now in New York, is the Hd z receipt as you can find an wind regards, 1 a, We beg leave to send a copy of this model to Forney, and of course he will sign his nanie to it, thus— Sxo. W. Forsey, and then mail it to Weed, who will set off post haste from Albany to this city, pick up the Hon. Massa Greeley, and make the best of his way to Washington. He can leave his little lobby jobs in the State Legislature to Farmer Abell, or Cassidy, Cagger & Co. The spoils here are nothing at all compared with the fat printing job and the other pickings in the Washington crib. By following out the For- ney system, as indicated in the above draft, the terrible four votes wanted by Sherman may be secured, the Speaker elected, Forney put in the Clerk’s desk, the printing and other jobs equi- tably divided among the faithful, and every- thing goon in the most delightful way for Weed, Forney & Co. The latter may rely upon it that Weed is the best driver for the runaway white niggers that can be found. He bas hada long experience as overseer in the political planta- tions at Albany and Washington, and be is not ne of those tender hearted whippers-in who ‘revulsion in the South which will be equal toe lath 0d ero the lave. SceareS mc Leguietuce of Maryland orguulord te day by Coot / Weed, let him use egg-nog ad libitum, and é will reign in Warsaw; Sherman will be chos. Speaker, and the Saturnian reign of the repub- lic will be commenced in earnest. and the British provinces for the past three years, as furnished by the Mercantile Agesey of Dun, Boyd & Co., to accompany their an- nual circular, which appeared in our columms | on Wednesday. It appears from this table that the failures in the United States im 1859 were considerably less in number and Liabilities tham those of the two preceding years. They stand thus:— : f Liabilities, Failures in 3867... 150,000 Ordinary failures ae _——— . The Mercantile Agency represents 9 general improvement in trade for the past year, healthy and moderate business as having beem realized. The only element which they pee ceive as likely to change that state of so much. In the first place, the West has net Tecovered from the financial difficulties of the country, The West relied upon the good ~ crops of the last two years to pay its debts, ‘The crops were abundant, and yet it appears / that the debts remain unpaid. Again, it is quite likely that the political excitement in the \ South will leave that region this year in about «s the same position towards the Eastern mer- chants es the West. Itistrue that the South ” came out of the last panic sound; it paid its liabilities, and fs still able to do so; but in the present state of feeling there it may be quite as difficult for our merchants to get their bills paid in the Southern as it is in the Western cities, before the close of this year. Every Northern man who cannot give s clear ac- count of himself is looked on there with suspi- cion, and many of the business agents and ped- lars are sent back whence they came. Commer- cial intercourse with the North is already being sensibly affected; the goods manufactured im the factories of Lowell, Bridgeport and other Northern cities are being stored away; nobody will buy them. In this state of affairs, with the representa- ives of Northern and Eastern business firms sent out of the country, and Northern magufac- tures taken out of the market and stored, or re- shipped, we do not see what prospect our mer- chants have of squaring their accounts with their Southern brethren when pay day comes. We fear their bills of exchange will be few ' and far between. And if such is the condition of things now, at the very beginning of this political agitation, what will it be if Mr. Sherman, the endorser of Helper’s incendiary book, is elected Speaker of the House? The result may probably be # a j practical disanion, and for the first time our merchants at the North may realize the effect of political agitation upon their ledgers and bank accounts. If the republicans are as much in favor of the Union as they pretend to be, and really wish to check the present agi why do they not select some other man, an endorser of the Helper pamphlet? NEW YORK LEGISLATURE. \ Senate. Atnayy, Jan. 5, 1868. ‘THE JUDGES OF THE COURT OF APPRAIS, ETO. ‘The concurrent resolutions adopted last year, for im- creasing the number of Judges of the Court of Appeals te six, and for extending their terms of office to nine and twelve years, were introduced in conformity with the” constitution, and, being concurred in, were Inid over under the rule. A motion to refer all papers relative to the pro rate freight Dill was tabled. No other business of importance was done, and the Senate adjourned till to-morrow. Assembly. Aupany, Jan. 5, 1808. PRTITONS. A large number of petitions were presented for the pre rata freight bill and for tho personal liberty bill. ‘THE OFFICERS OF THE HOURE. Mr. Mmuken, (rep.) from the Select Committee appoimt— | ¢d to report what officers should be appointed and at what compensation, reported in favor of appointing the same ‘umber of additional oflicers as for last year, but provided ( ‘that no additional compensation be paid to any of said of .. cors. ‘Mr. Govm, (dem.) from the minority of the Committs ¢, reported in favor of appointing the same number of ¢ @- | Ag Cers and pages as last year, and bh Moo sane, Ber After along debate, Mr. Coxxuna rep.) ° ad en tion to the law of 1853, which testbed numbe ¢ of persons to be employed and their pay, but provided that none should receive any extra compensation. He con- “the report ferred back, with orders to was re je mittee to report by bill. ecm Sat ythe Speaker and Clerk were autly orized to ‘appoint same number of officials as last year | ‘BILLS NOTICED. d ey een ee ree aaleo f {rnitstn ote Gott saan Awd ¥ of Now Yorks Ps amg + *, News from Havapr a. New ORtRA' ys, Jan. 4, 1860, ‘The steamship De Soto, from New" York, via Havana [st inst., bas arrived. News unimpa -taat. ‘The sugar market was dull, owi ag to the holidays, Prices unchanged. Stock 10,000 boxes, Exchangé om London 16 a 1545 per cent premiy »- per cua ‘ m; oa New York Sad News from Pi) <e’s Peak. ‘The Pike’s Peak ¢: pede hich : x1 vy cember 28, has arrived here, vo dust. Much dissatisfaction : : a § ¥ : 3 ia i i uate wer and of ‘che government was felt. Ne look to a speedy or; io tbs Terary te gress as in @. continued on a limited ein the intervals ¢ of Buildiag was a a Meeting of the Maine Legislature. ORTLAND, Jan. 5, 1860. \ ‘The Maine Legisls tore was organized 5 ugusta terday. Thomas F,, Marsbal, of Belfast, ‘wae chon “ _ rok rgah oa ines, Secretary of the Senate, Frede: - Pike, of Calais, Speak ch Miller, of Rocking, Clerk of the Hlonses 7 na Caaroe A. ic mdi A Mistakr, Conmecten-—Donsha of Jadge ye Aupany, Jan. 6, 11 A mistake; was made in announcing yesterday choaan of Judge Peckham and the resolutions of the bar in re- , 2 ‘als memory. Hon. Daniel Cady is the deceased Organization of the Maryland Legisla~ are.