The New York Herald Newspaper, November 1, 1859, Page 2

NEW YORK seas. It sailed from Now York on the 24th of May, and ‘was companied for two days, in his yacht, by Mr. Grin- neti, Its object was to bush Promptly foriyard, ia any Way it could, in the direction of Melville aud Bank's Land; to wiuter wherever it might happen to stick fust, in the pack or out of the pack, and to move on and make search us long as it might beable, in any direction which should offer most of success, At one time the ships were nearly all together in Baffn's, Bay, where they were exposed to the utmost danger fro'm the ice, They soon separated, however, towards tucir several directions. The Prince Albert pushed aa far as Cape Spencer, when she was compelled to return. Soon after the Prince Atbert hall turned her be-w homo- ward, @ flagstaff, like a signal post, was observ’sd on Cape Riley. The officers, supposing this to have ‘een set up by a party from some ono of the exploring ships, sent a boat ashore to ascertain what it meant. 9. cylinder was found at the flagstaff containin, notice that the oflicers of the Assistance and Intrepid had landed on Cape Riley on the 28d; that they had coilected threro distinct traces of an encampment by some party beonging to the royal navy of Britain; that they had fc ————— tuder Yr. Bell, chief trader of the Hudson's Bay Com- pany, who were to make for Great Bear lake and track its western shores, ‘he seaward party reached oe ofa after a troublesome journey, depositing pemmican a macmoranda at different spots for the benefit of Franklin ‘er the Plover’s party, should elther pass tha) way. They shen pushed along shore easiward as far as Coronation Guy, where they were compelled to abandon the boats ‘and return by the valley of the Coppermine river, ar- riving in eleven da,s at the appointed rendezvous en tho rortheast head of Great Bear lake, This was & perilous and toilsome journey, but resulted in no wiscevery of the whereabouts of Franklin. Richardson's epinion was that his sbipe bad not passed in view of the main Javd aleng the course which he journeyed, because tbe Eequimaux, of whom he met numbers, must have geen them, and he could get no tidings of them from the natives. He returned to England the next summer. ‘The third and mogt important expedition set on foot in hie year (1848), in search of Franklin, was that of Sir Yas. Clarke Ross, formerly known as Commander Ross, ‘and was composed of two splendid ships—the Eaterprize and Investigator—which left Fngland in May, 1848, and en tered Baffia’s Bay in July. According to instructions, they forced their way through the ice to Poud’s Bay, and ren north to Possession Bay, where # party landed, but found They obtained here, how ever, o paper recording the visit of Sir Edward Parry, in 1819 From this poimt they coasted Yancaster Sound, carefully scanning the shores, firing guns in fogs, throwing up bluelights at night, and casuag everboard casks containing information as to tkeir pro edings, for the enlightenment of Franklin. They pressed on as far as Cape York, @: the entranve to Prince Regent's Inlet, where they larde and erected signal ports, and advanced to Northeast Cape, heping to reach Fort Leopold, but the ice was too thick in that quarter, and standing away to the north shore of Barrow’s Strait ‘they ekamined Marwell Bay endgot as fer as the entrance to Weflington channe!, which they found full of ice, Fi- aally,ion the 11th of September, they get to Port Leopold, dy on Beechiy Island: and that ths ee nore party on ey 7 A ‘they pu to pro- ceod thence to Cape Hotham and “ape Walker in search of further traces. pap : ‘The little boat party from the Prince Albert were too zealous to be satisfled with (lis mere notice, They looked eagerly arourd, and soon observed five spots on which tents seemed to have been fixed, and also obtained a piece of navy rope, # pieca of canvass, a chip of timber anda number of meat bowns, These, al poor and pitifal though they mightseem of themselves, seemed to throw so perceptible a light on at least the commencement of the mystery of the Franklin expedition, that they were es- iwemed a precious price. ‘The first traces of the missing shins were discovered by Captain Ommaney, 2m the Assistance, at Cape Riley, on the Qd-of August, 1869. ‘The Cape is a point at the eastern eutrance of Wellimgton Channel; about three mites west of it rises the bold abrupt coast of Beechey Island; and be- tween the shores of this isle and the mainland lles a bay to which extraordinary interest is now attached. its coast were 0} ved numerous sledge tracks, and at Cape Spencer, al n miles from Cape Riley, up Weilington ‘Channel, the party discovered the ground-place of a tent, the floor neetly paved with small smooth stones. Around the tent a number of bird’s bones, as well as remnants of meat canisters, seemed to indicate that it had keen inhabited for some time as a shooting station and a lookout place, for which latter purpose tt was admirably chosen, commanding a good view of Barrow’s Strait and Wellington Channel. Some sledge tracks Jed northward for about twenty miles, but the trail ceased south of Cape Bowden, ard an empty bottle and # piece of newspaper were the last po traces of Frank an tm port at the janction of the four great chan- | ; wt ings found. The results of examining Beechey Island nel caaker Sgpn, Barrow's Streit, Wellington chan. | Tucf he given in more detail, Tdeut. Osborne says:— nel gent’s Inlet—through some of which | A long point of land slopes gradually from the south- aid bo kel ° e ern bluiis of this now deeply interesting island until it — pa..ve eet Ee ee ar | Simost connects itself with the land of ‘North De- from | Walker, whee the two ships laid up | von. forming on either side of it two good and commodious ‘Winter. During this dreary season, the crews t inactive; several white foxea were caught alive ip-traps and set loose with collars round their necks, with Me name of the vesseland her location, so that, should Franklin's party catch them, they might know thai aid was near. During the spring ‘several exploring par. ties were sent ont north and south, All North Somerset, Wellington Channel, and all the space between Capes Buuny and Walker, to which Franklin was directed to proceed, were carefully explored, ana no traces of the missing adventurers were found. The nerth shore of Barrow’s Strait, and the east and west shores of Prince Regent's Inlet, were also searched in vain. After a series of painful wanderings, the party prepared to leave Port Tropold, but before doing so they built a comfortable house cn the shore, deposited provisions for twelve months, aud left there a #eam launch which the Investigator carried, in case Franklin should pass that way. The ship had to be sawed out of the ice on the 28th of August, when they drifted with the mass down Bar- row’s Strait, Lancaster Sound and Baffin’s Bay a! ef Pond’s Ray, Here they broke loose from the ice, returned to England in November, 1849. Jn the spring of thie year the British government offered a reward of $100,000 to any private ship or exploring party who would goin search of Frauklin’s missing expedition. At the game time Jady Franklin sent out a cargo of coal and provisions in the whaler Truelove, Capt. Parker, who de- d them at Cape Hay, on the south elde of Lancaster und. Dr. Goodsir, whose brother waé assistant sur geon on board the Erebus, also undertook a search in the whaler Advance, commanded by Captain Penny, but did not succeed in getting farther than Prince Regent’s Inlet. The demand for new researches now became pressing. Phro¢Froat divisions of search were adopted. These cor- vespond, jn general sphere and character, to the three unary searching expeditions of 1848, One was marine, Behring’s Strait; another was overland, to the northern coasts, and the third was marine, by way >sBaifin’s Bay. ‘The ships Enterprise and Investigator were refitted with ‘all possible speed, to fo round South America and up to Bebring’s Strait. “Captam Richard Collinson was pat in eemmand of the Enterprise, and Commander MeCiure, ‘who had served as first lieutenant of the Enterprise in the Feeent expedition under Sir James ©. Ross,was put in sommand of the Investigator. ‘Both ships made a comparatively speedy pazenge to Bebring’s Strait. On the 20th of July the Enterp: reached the western end of the Aleutian Chain; on the 1th ef August she reached the island of St. Lawrence, and ou ‘the 16th of August fell in with the ice. But the weather ‘was then 0 unfavorable, and the ice so thick, that Captain Collinson abandoned a purpose which he had formed to at tempt to penetrate that reason to Cape Bathurst. Afver Beveral encounters with the ice, he reached Grantley Har. or, and there found the Plover preparing for winter quar- ters, and was next day joined by the Herald. On consulting -with Captains Kellett and Moore, of the Plover, he deter- mined, instead of wintering in the north, to proceed to Hong Kong, there to replenish his provisions, and not to set out again for the north till at least the Ist of April, 1851. The ‘Wavestigator was later in getting through the Pacific than Mhe Enterprise, and Commander Moore, writing at sea, in Matitude 61 deg. 26 min. north, and longitude 172 deg. 85 bays. On this slope a multitude of preserved meat tins wore strewed about, and near them, and on the ridge of the slope, a carefully constructed cairu was discovered; it consisted of ers of fitted tins, filled with gravel, and placed to form a firm and solid foundation. Beyond ‘this, and along the northern shore of Beechey Island, the follow: ing traces were then quickly discovered; the embankment of @ house, with carpenters’ and armorers’ working places washing tibs, coal bags, pleces of old clothing, rope, and lastly the graves of three of the crew of the Erebus’ and Terror, bearing date of the winter of 1845-6. We, th fore, now had ascertained the first winter quarters of Sir | John Franklin. remnant of a garden (for remnant it now ouly’ was, hay- ing been dug up in the search) told an interesting tale; its neatly shaped oval outline—the border carefully formed | of moss lichen, poppies and anemones, transplanted from | some more gemial partof this dreary region—contrived still to show symptoms of vitality; but the seeds which doubtless, they had sowed in the’ garden, had decayed | away. Nearer to the beach, a heap of cinders and scraps of iron showed the armorers’ working place, and along au old water course, now chained up by frost, several tubs, constructed of the ends of salt meat casks, left no doubt as to the washing places of the men of Fr:nklin’s squad- ron. Happening to cross a level pece of ground, which ag yet no ove had lighted upon, I was pleased to see a pair of cashmere gloves laid out tory, with two small stones on the palm to prevent their blowing away; they had been there since 1546. took them up carefully, as melancholy mementoes of my missing friends. In another spota tlan- uel was discovered. ‘The most interesting traces of winter residence were the | graves of Franklin’s three seamen. Each grave was | marked by an oaken bead and foot board, and the in- scriptions Were as follows:— Sacred to the memory this life January Ist, 1846, on board of 20 { J. Torrington, who departed . M. S. Terror, i to the memory of J. Hartnell, A. B., of H. M. died Jauuary 4th, 1846, aged 23 years. Thus ith the Lord of Hos's, consider your ways.—Haggai cred to the memory of Wm. Braine, R. M., of H. M. &. Frebus, died April Sd, 1846, aged 32 years. Choose ye this day whom ye will serve.—Josh, 26: 15.7” Lieut. De Haven, of the Advance, landed on Cape Riley on the morning of the 25th of August, where he examined the traces of Sir John Frauklin, before described, and erected a second signal post. On the same day the Prince Albert visited the place, and by her, as we have seen, the first intelligence of the discovery was carried to England. Afterwards Captain Penny and his officers examined Beechey Island and the whole neighborhood very carefully and minutely. But the thorough search made by allthese | ed to discover any mem >randum or record to Franklin's past efforts or future intentions. All that can be learned from the traces discovered is, that Franklin’s ships wintered, in 1845-6, on the sonth side of Beechey Island, and that’ three of Lis men died at | hat point. ‘After a close investigation of all the seas and inlets in| the polar regions, and numerous excursions in sledges and | boats, the several British vessels returned without tinding any further traces of Franklin than the above mentioned. min. west, on the 20th of July, gave asketch of his in- | The Grinnell expedition, composed of the Ad- tended operation§, and said that noapprehension need be | vance and Rescue, and’ commanded by Do Ha- entertained about his safety till the autumn of 1854, ashe | ven, with Dr. E. K. Kane as surgeon and na- had on board full provisions of every kind for three years | turalist, advanced as far westward as Griffin's after the )st of September, and intended to issue, in lieu ‘of the ueual rations, whatever food could be obtained by onting parties from the ship. Dr. Rae, it will be remembered, was left by Sir John Riebardson to attempt to overtake, in the summer of 1349, an unaccomplished part of the objects of the overla podition of 1848. This had special reference to the exami Ration of the coasts of Victoria Land and Wollaston Land and now that Sir Jolin Franklin’s shipa were believed to have certainly gone beyond Cape Waker, and to have probably bored their way south-westward to some posi- tiou between that place and the mainland, this was deen ed to be much more important than before. Early in 1950 tustructions were cespaiched to Dr. Rae, by Governor Sir George Simpson, of the Hudson's Bay Company, requiring him, in the event of his explorations of 1849 having been mnsuccessful, o organize anotier expedition for the sum- mer of 1850.’ This was to penetrate further, to range more widely, and to examine the costs of Bank’s Island the coaste around Cape Walker, and the north coast Victoria Land. to Island in long. 96 W., the farthest westing they made, on he 11th of September, 1550. They had to force their way through the ice the entire way with the utmost difficulty. On the voyage they fell in with several of the British ox- ploring ships. The polar night was now xbont to set in, and the vessels were drifting eastward firmiy locked in the floating ice. They drifted in this way for Sve months | in darkness up Wellington Channel and Barrow’s Strait into Lancaster Sound. In June, 1851, they emerged into~ open water a littie south of the’ Arctic Circle in lat. 6520, and thence repairing to Godhaven on the Greenland coust, they refitted the ships and again entered Baffla’s Bay,’and attempted to push through the ham. mocky ice on their course westward; but, find. ing all attempts to penetrate it in vain, they retarned to New York on the 80th September, 1851. Lady Franklin, meantime, encouraged by the discoveries of the relics by the Prince Albert, fitted out another expe- dition on the 3d of June, 1851, composed of the same yes- sel, commanded by Capt. Kennedy, who was accompat by Lieut. Bellot, a gallant young French officer, who vo- lunteered his services. Beliot’s Strait, discovered by Ken- nedy at this tine, was named after this indefatigable ex- plorer, who unhapily lost his life in « subsequont expedi tion. having been carried off on a foating mass of ice and drowned while out on a sledging party. Kennedy exglor- ed all the land about Cape Walker and Fury Beach, om nearly the same track previously passed by Austin, but he found no signs of Fravislin, and returned in October, 1883. Meantime, Mr. Rae was efigaged on the American shore with a land party, and diligently searched Victoria Land, but in vain. It was now thoughit evident that, as the whole American coast had been traversed from Hudson’s Bay to Bebring’s Strait, Franklia’s party had never reached so low a latitude, aud the result of McOlintock’s lato expedition proves that this conjecture was well Foun In the spring of 1862 it was determuwed in England to wake another trial in the Polar Seas, and accordingly a squadron of five vessels was fitted out under Sir Elward Belcher, consisting of the Assistance, Resolute and North Star, and two steamers, the Pioneer ‘ahd Intrepid They set sail for Bafiin's Bay, proposing to rendezvous at Beochy Island. The Assistance and Pioneer sailed up ‘Two small parties, at the same time, were receed westward on the mainland in the direction of t Barrow; and one of these was to descend the Mac renzo, and explore the coust to the west of it, while the other was to pass on to the Colville river, and’to descend ‘that stream to the sea; and both we , by rewards and otherwise, to lod spe ead intelligence in all direction: ‘The expedition equipped by the British government for re,vewed search by way of Baffin’s Bay and Lancaster Sou ud comprised two strong teak-built ships—the Reso- lute and Assistance—and two powerful screw prope! stea. ¥ vossels—the Pioncer and the Intrepid. ‘These ships had a -topaage, the former of five hundred, and tho latter of forte hundred and thirty tons,and were alike strong, comm vdiaus, elegant and admirably appurtenanced. The Bloam vessels had strength and adaptation not only for towing * the sbips in open channels, but for conflicting with the per Us of the polar seas; and forcing a passage through email f, WS and thin packs of ice. Captain H. T. Austin wos put incommand of the Resolute, Captain E. Omma- ney, of t), € Assistance, and Lieut. Sherard Osborne of the Pioneer, ‘Muliitudes of officers nobly vied as volunteers to chtain t) \¢ subordinate appointments; and some of the to induce the na- ‘osecute the search, mostexperi ced whalefishers were obtained for the fore. | Welliigton Channel, axl the other two, under castic, The instructions given were similar in scope and | Kellett, proceeded’ towards Melville Isiand to epirit 9 those ‘of the Behring’s Strait expedition, and dif. | leave ‘provisions for McClure and Collinson, who fered chiefly i, 1. adaptation to the different route.” The ex.. Podition eniled in the spring of 1850. An expeditio. under the coramand of the veteran Sir Jobn Ross was equipped by a public subscription, toward which the Huda %’s Bay Company contributed five hund- red pounds. Th, © consisted of a schooner-rigged vessel of one hundred and twenty tons (which Sir John called the Felix, in honor of | Us late patriotic friend, Sir Felix Booth), ‘and of a small ten. ‘er of twelve tons called the Mary, They were provisio, ‘efor cighteen months, and they set @ail in the Jaiter par, ‘Of April. Sir John was in excellent spirits, as fall of fire and daring as in his younger yeara; and he cnlisted in his ¥rvice an old expert Eequimaux in. terpreter. His plan Was to preceed as quickly as he could to Barrow’s Straj to commence operations at Cape ‘Hotham, on the west sic Je of the entrance of Wellington Channel; to examine all the headlands thence to Bank's Land, and,then, if still 1 Wsuccessinl,to leave the Mary There as avessel of retres t, and to push the search in the Felix alone during another “Year. ‘An expedition also was ¢ Wwippedat the instance of the devoted Lady Franklin, w. Wolly by her own zeal, and mainly at her own expense * This wos put unde: command of Mx. Peuny, form erly to whale ship, and consisted of «* Sine sh and twenty-five tons, called thy Lady clipper-brig of one hundred and. twent, Hophia, The larger vessel was Aitted up at Aber: it will bo remembered were out since January, 1850, in the Investigator and Exterprise, coming through Bebring’s Strait. North Star remained at Beachy Island as a storeship. The expedition of Commander In- glefield, in the steamer Ieabel, during the year 1852, pro- ceedod as far north as 78 degrecs and 28 minutes latitude, through Smith's Souna, where he saw what he supposed to be an island tn the distance, andjcalled it Louis Napo- leon; but Dr. Kane subsequently declared it to be a pro- or headland. In 1858 three more expeditions were fitted out in Eng- land, and the same year Dr. Kane started on his famous journey with the Advance and Rescue. The English oxpo- ditions consisted of the Phoenix, under Inglefield, to reinforce Belcher’s squadron; the Rattlesnake, under Trollope, and tho Ieabel, under Kennedy, to search for Mc- Clure and Collinson in the vicinity! of Bebring’s Strait, pg cea Jand expedition, under Rae, to visit the coast of a All this time McClure, in the Investigator, was endea- voring to discover the Northwest Passage, in which it will beseon he was successful. The track of the Investiga- tor we have marked on our map from Behring’s Straits to the farthest point she made eastward. » After a tedious voyage along the north coast of America McClure drifted with the ice into Prince of Wales Strait, and at noon oa Gth of September, 1850, just nine months after he left home, their observations placed them sixty miles from Burrow’s Strait, and the hopes of McClure were raised to a style of the best possible adapt Wtion to an Arctic yoyage: | a high Pitch, and on the 17th had drifted ‘and they giso sajled in the spring of 1850. ; '© within thirty miles of it, in Another expedition, supplemem ‘@ty to the preceding, | N but here the ice was N., long. 117 10 W.; wae equipped at thegnstance of Laa'y Franklin. she her- | solid. and the ship ceased to drift, and the danger of her en, and the smaller one at Dundee—both ' with great colerity and in Beli defr apout tero-thirds of the cost of it, by meaus | being crushed to pieces was imminent. In a few days of selling out of the fuads all the money which she could | the ice wa again in motion, and the ship went owly legally touch, and her friends defri ved the rest. The | northward. put on the Sth of October w nip caught her oly vessel was the Prince Albert, a s¢ r-rigged craft | about 72 60 north Jatitude, and in this spot she od tho winter of 1850-1. McClure started with a ee party for Barrow’s Strait, and after two or three days of Severe travel, he came almost within view of the open Sea. ‘in the rorningof the 26th of October he ascended 4 hill #ix hundred feet abeve the #ea levol, in latitude 73 deg. 30 min. north, 114 deg. 39 rw'n, west longitude, and to his inexpressible delight beheld the long sought for Northwest Passage connecting the Atiantic and Pacific, He saw Albert Land off to the east, the shores of Banks’ Iand stretching about twelve milés before them. and then bending northwest, away to tho north the frozen waters of Barrow’s Strait, from a point on which, nearly opposite them, Parry had sailed home throne Bastn’s Bay. There was no longer any doubt n water communication Whole north shore of America, oes See After spending the winter in her pregent position, the Investigator worked her way during the coting suitier up north of Melville Island, failing utterly to force her way through the ice block which lay between her and tho vlear sea only thirty miles away. McClure expected to find some outlet leading into Paffin's Bay, inthis northerly direction; but mtil another winter begun to eloge around the navigators, they wero unable to proceed farther east than the Bay of Mercy, at the northern extremity of Of wénety tonc, but as fine 2 little structure as ever ‘walk- ed the waters,’’ and s! med and Gifted in the most artistic way for buffeting the perils of the Arctic seas, She was commanded by Comanander Charfes C. Forsyth, of the Royal Navy, and was serwed in a vuriety of cay ties, moet laboriously and dexverously, by Mr. W. P. Snow—bath volunteers, who wiehod no corapensation but the honor ¢f the enterprise. The sbject was to examine the shores of Prince Regent’s Inlet a. 1d the Gulf of Boothia, and to £end out travelling parties to e.cplore the woat side Of the land of Boothia down to Dea'se and Simpson's Strait. At the time when fir John Frat iklin euiled, a be- lief was goneral that a8 an island, and that Prince Regent's Inlet communicated with the Polar Sea ‘through Deaee and Simpeou’s Strait; so that, in tlw event of his being battied in finding a northweat pasimge, by sway of Cape Walker or up Wellington Channg 1, be would “very probably enter Prince Regent's Inlet, wiv h the view of passing round the south of Boothia. Hence th ¢ present expedition. The Prince Albert sailed from Aberdeen on ‘the 5th of June. ‘An expedition also was equipped in America, This was got up mainly by the exertions and at the cost of Houry Grinnell, Esq., of New York, but was put in order antl gent forth by the United States Navy Depart On the eastern slope of the ridge of Beechey Island a | i | pole by the Royal Geographical Society of Loudon; but, ment. It cousisted of two vessele—the Advance and the ; Banke’ Land, where tivey laid up. ‘This was the limit of Rescue—of respectively one houdred and twenty-five und | tkeir voyage. Two dreacy winters were pasged in this | ninety-five tons, ad Was putunder the command of Lient, Be Haven, who had erved in the United States Exploring | Expedition, onder Comaodore Wilkes, in the Antartic | spot—r even in in the bay-~during v terrible, e kept nge of ip locked | w were } HERALD, TUESDAY, arth Mas, deeded to abandon. the a pesterke | ivide@ into two parties; river apd Can: the other by Cape ‘and theace by Bovrowa’ strait to eho nearest i Thewe coast. wer, both desperate ventures, but nothing else was loft. A’. this juncture an unforeseen event ocourrea, which “ortunately proved the release of the adventurers. Kel- lett’s ships of the Belcher squadron, the Intrepid and Resolute, of which we have bel were at this time wintering at Dealy Island, aud during a sledge excur- sion one of the officers, Mr. Mechan, had discovered a cairn in Winter Harbor, and found there an account, left by McClure, of the discovery of the Northwest Passage, aid the position of the Inve at Mercy Bay. Lieu- tenant Pim, of the Resolute, peel volunt to cross the ice with sledges to the Investigator, which feat he ac- complished at great risk, arriving at Mercy Bay on the, 6th April, 1868. His meeting with McClure, who never dreamed that assistance was at hand at the very morient his men were reduced almost to despair, is thus dear nbed by MoClure himself-— ‘While walking near the ship, in gonyersation with the first lieutenant upon the subject of digging @ grave for the man who died yesterday, and discussing bow we could cut a grave in the ground whilst it was so hardly frozon (a subject naturally sad and depresaing), we perceived a a Walking rapidly towards us from the rough ice at the entrance of the bay, From his pace avd gestures we Doth naturally supposed, gt first, that he vas some one of our party pursued by a Dear; Dut as We approached hia, doubts arose as hoit could be. He -was certainly an like any of our u ‘but, recollecting that it was possible some ove might be trying a new travelling dress prepara- tory to the departure of our sledges, @ad certain that no one else was near, we continued to.aéivance, ‘When within about two hundred yards of us, the strange Sgure threw up fis arms, and made gesticulations re- sembling those used by Exquimaux, besides shouting ‘at the top of his voice words which, from the wind and in- tense excitement of the moment, seunded like a wild sereech; and tuis brought us both fairly toa standstill, The stranger came quietly on, and we saw that his face was as black (rendered black by the lamp smoke in his tent) as ebony; and really, at the moment we miglit be pardoued for wondering Whether he was a denizen of this or the other world; ag it was, we gallantly stood our round, and bad the skies fallen upon us, we could hardly ave beem more astonished than when the dark faced stranger called ont, “I'm Lieutenant «Pin, laio of tho Herald, and now in the Resolute, Captain Kellett is in her at Dealy Island.’’ To rush at and seize him by the hand was the first im- pulse, for the heart was too full for the tongue to speak. The announcement of relicf being close at band, whch hone was supposed to be even within the Arctic’ Ci was too sudden, unexpected and joyous for our minis comprebend it atonce. The news flew with lightning ra. pidity; the ship was ail in commotion; the sick, forgetful of their maladies, h ficers dropped t of meng for they ed for the hatchway, to be as. sured that a stranger was actually among them, and that his tale was true. Despoudency ied the ship, and Lie Pim received a welcome, pure, hearty and grateful, that be will surely remember and cherish to the end of his days. The Ipvestigator’s crew returned with I tract of ice to join Kelleit’s ships at P their own vessel to ber fate. Cresswell, of the I for the Admiralty t island, where he arrived in time to Captain Inglefield’s ship Pho intelligenc n over the uly Island, te From this polut Livutenant i Kellett with great reluctance obeyed, and with his crews aud that of the Iavestigator ‘joined Belcher at Beechy island, and the whole party retarned to Bugland. it was during this expedition that ‘young Bel 3 near Beechy island, he being thon with Inglofiel: Phoenix About this time Rae was pursuing av inv gation as before,on laud. In April, 1854, h Pelly when he found the Esquimanx with 52 relies of Franklin's party about them, and learue | from them a story of a party southw: 20) hav in the direction of travel, Rae from the mmultilatad stat some of the bor rtunate men must have been reduced to canvibatism to sustain lif Dr. Rae concludes by expressing the opinion that no vio- lence had been offered to the sufferers by the natives, bat that they were starved to death. The following is a lis of les obtainod from the Esquimaux:—One t, an animal's head with wings extende ver table-forks—crest, a bird with x one silver tablespoon—crest, with initials “F. R. (Captain Crozier, Terror): one silver tablespoon and one fork—orest, bird with Jaurel braneh in moi * spero meliora;"’ one silver tablespoon one debsert fork—cret, a fish's head jor cr one silver tablefork—initials, G. A. M. bean, second master, Terror); one Is, 'J. 72? one silver dessert sp > "(John 8. Peddie, surgeon, Bret plate, engraved, “ Sir Jobn Fri order, with motto, “nec aspera ‘terrent, mpacexy.”” ‘We now cometo Dr. Kano in the brig Advance, which Kane's remarkable adventures are doubtless [r omind, and the result of to science and dis- squire no elaborate desoription here. His mtoa- # from Baflln’s Bay, throwch nlaud coast, which he did harbor, where his ship wat inter in lat. 78 37, long. 70 40, no assed a winter so near the pole Kon—initials, rouml § Smith's Sound, alc as Van Ren up for the having ¢ cept in Spitzbergen. Sledge parties sent north- ward on the Greenland shore resulted in many im- portent ies, but none more so than that of an open polar sea, seen by Mr. Morton on the 2ist of June, as who got 28 far borth as 82 degs. 27 min. been thrown upon the Some doubt stence of this open sea at en, ithas been claimed that as far Dack as 1740 a whale ship had actually re sea in this same diroct Geographical Society the p cord « priety of huntin ¢ this trausaction and putting the matter & Advance had now been two winters in the ico, with no prospect of return, aud on the 17th of May, 2 she was abandoned, and the whole party of s fet out southwards towards the Danish settlements in Greenland, in boats and sledges, in u miserable state o heaith and half starving. Meantime, Congress hat or- dered the Relief and Arctic, under Captain Hartstoin, to look for Kane, and they came up with his party at Upper- havik, after a fruitless search through Melville Bay ‘There were now six abandoned ships in the Arctic soas—the Investigator, in Mary Bay; the Resolute and [n- trepid, at Melville island, nce and Pio ‘Wellington Chanvel, and the Advan:e, in Smith’s With one exception * the ice is round them still. Resolute alone was rescued from hor frigid barrier, undor circumstances of a singular character. Ta the month of September, 1855, the whaler George Henry, Captain Buddington, of New’ London, Con drifting along, beset by the ice, in Batfin’s Bay morning the eaptain looking thr ship come fifteen or twenty working her way towards him, helplessly imprisouc 2 istant,” apparent Day after day, w 1 in the pack, he watched ly nearer and nei Ou the seventh day, the m Quail, and tl ce mon, were sent to find ont what = After a hard day’s journey over the ice; jumping piece to picee, and themselves along on isola cakes—they were near cnongh to see that she was lying on her larboard side, firmly imbedded in the ico. They shouted lustily, a8 soon aS they got within hailing dlis- tance; but there was no angwer, Not a son! was to be seon.’ For one moment, agthey came alongside, the mou faltered, with a superstitisus feeling, and hesitated to go beard. A momentafter, they had climbed over the nice, and stood on deck. rything was stowed away in order—spars howled up and lashed to oue sido, bouts piled together, hatches calked down. Over the helm, in letteré of brass, was insoribed the motto “Eng. land expects every man to do his duty.” But there was no man to heed the warning. The whaleman broke open the companionway, and do- seended into the cabin. All was silence and darkness. Groping their way to the table, they found matches and candles, and struck a light. re were decanters and glasses on the table, chairs and lounges standing@round, books scattered about—everything just as it had beon last used. Looking curiously from one thing to another, won- doring what this deserted ship might be, at last they camo upon the log book. It was endorsed, « Bark Resolate, Ist September, 1868, to April, 1854.” Ono entry was as fol- lows:— H. M. 8. Resolute, 17th January, 1854, 9 A. M. Mustered by divisions. People taking exercise on deck. Five P. M.—mercury frozen.” ‘This told the story. It was Captain Kellett’s ship, the Resolute, which had broken away from ‘her icy prison, and bad thus fallen into the hands of our Yankee whale” nen. It will be remembered that Congress refitted the Reso- lute in the Dry dock at Brooklyn, and returned her tothe British Queen through Capt. Hartstein, who formally pre- sented her to her Majesty at the Isle of Wight, on the Ton December, 1856. All of importance relative to Arctic exploration that now Temains to be told is the interesting and conclusive results of the Fox expedition, recently developed by Cap- tain McClintock on his return’ to Koghand, with such ovr, dence of the fate of Franklin and bit men as sets all doubt Btxest forever. e track of the Fox from Holsteinborg through y Pay , Lancaster Sound, Barrow’s Strait, southwacd Berd Peel's Inlet and Rellot’s Strait into Princo Regent's Inlet, and thence back to Greenland, is marked on our map, as well as the precise point on King Williatn’s Land wheres the record of Franklin was found. ‘The yacht Fox was fitted out by Lady Franklin in 1867, to mae a (nal search for the reinains of her gallant hum, band, and the command assumed by Cupt. F. L. MoClin- tock, R. N. During that winter she was straggling with the packs in Davis’ Strait, and finally returned to Holatein. borg, from which she again started north May 8, 1858. She pushed on to Unperna¥ik, through Melviilo Bay; visited po Warrender, Pond’s Inlet, ‘Beochoy Island, and then mshed on to Cape Hotham, which they reached on the 6th of August. Tho provisions and ‘stores at Beeche Island were found in good preservation. Here we will te from Meoiintock’s report. He gays:— “Having em| some coals and storos we stood in need of, aud touched at Capg Hotham on the 1uth, wo Balled down Peel Strait for twerity-five miles on the 17th, Dut, finding the remainder of this channel covered by un: broken ice, I determined to make for Bellot Strait on the 19th August; examined into supplics remaining at Port Leopold, and left there a whaleboat, which we brought away from Cape Hotham for the purpose, eo as to nid-us in our retreat should we be obliged eventually to abandon the Fox. ‘The steam launch had been forced higher Up on the beach, and somewhnt damaged by the {co. Prince Regent's mot was unusually free from ico: hut very Ittle was seen during our ran down to Brentford Bay, which we reached on the 20th August. Bollot Strait, witch cum. municatea with the western sea, averages one mile ih width by seventeen of eightecn miles in length, At this time it was filled with drift ico, butas the soason advanced became perfectly clear; its shores are in many places faced with lofty granite cliffs, and some of the Tdiaoent hills Tise to 1,600 fe tho tides aro very strong, ranning six or seven knots at the springs. On the 6th of September we passed through Bello ~trait without obstraction, and Secured the ship to Axor ico neross its woetnn oatlet. From here, until tho 27th, when 1 deemed it neeneary to NOVEMBER 1, 1859.—TKIPLE SHEET. low, and utterly retreat into winter qU&rters, we constantly qatched the | shore is extremely sieee ‘and * of movements of the ‘ve in the western se® “yr channol, In | vegetation. Numerous banks, of op ey + mid channel it was broken up and driiging about; gra- | he off it, and bey ame ie. a with dually the pro} of water inored god, until ntlength | beavy apd impanstrale Hieie gq the ioe which lntervened was redi'sed to three or foue | | When in lah OO MB” an, and long, 99 miles in width, But this was Armly fold fast by numerous | deg. 27 W., we cue 1 ® Bley ont, discoversd by islets, and withstood the violence, of the autumn gales. It | Licut, Hobson, a tow dy, Previously, as his notice was tantalizing beyond descri pijon thus to watch from | informed me. J appoars that this boat been intend- today the free water Wich not reach, ant | ed for the eScent of the Fish river, but was abandoned Sich washed the rocky sb.ore'n few alow to ‘tho souih- | apbOrtnt\y, upon a return Jouruey to tho ehips, the sledge ward of us. Vion Whigh she was mounted being pointod ‘in that di- During the autumn att, wore made to carry out | rection. She measured 28 feet in length, by 73g feet wide, depots of provisions towards the magnetic polo, but these | was most carefully fitted, and made as light as possible ; almost entirely failed, in consequence of the disruption of | but the sledge was of solid oak, and almost as heavy as ie ice to the soutaward, with his sledge parties in November, after much suffering from severe Weacher, and imminent peril on one occasion, when the ice upon which they were eacamped became de- tached from the shore, and drifted if to leoward with Lieutenant Hobson returned | the boat. ‘A large quantity of clothing was found within her, also two human skeletons. Que of these lay in the after part of the boat under a pile of clothing; the other, which was miuch more disturbed, probably by animals, was found in them. the bow. Five pocket watches, a quantity of silyer spoons Our wintering position was at the east entrance to Bol- | and forks, and a few religious books, were also found, but ot Strait, in a snug harbor, which T have namod Port Ken- {s, pocket books, or even names upon any article up sourns ‘clothing. Two doublé barrelled guns stood upright yainst the boat's side, precisely as they had been placed eleven years before, One barrel in each was loaded and cocked; thero was ammunition in abundance, also thirty or forty pounds of chocolate, some tea aud tobacco, Fuel ‘Was not wanting: a drift tree lay within one hundred yards: of the boat, Many very interesting relics were brought away by Lieutenant Hobson, and some few by myself. Oa the 6th of June I reached Point Victory without haying foand anything further. The clothing, &€., was again examined for documents, note books, &c., without sus arecord placed in the cairn, and another buried ten feet true north of it. od The shore of King William’s Island between its north and west oxtremes, Capes Felix aud Crozier, has not Deen visited by Esquimaux smce the abandonment of the Erebus aud Terror, as the cairns and articles lying steew- ed about, which are in their eyes of priceless value, re- main untouched, If the wreck still remains visible it is probable she lies upon some of the off:lying islets to the southward betwoon Capes Crozior and Herschel, From ali that can bo gleaned from the record paper, and the evidence afforded by the boat, and various arti- cles of clothing and equipment discovered, it appears that the abandonment of the Erebus aad Terror had been de- liberately arranged, and every effort exerted during the third winter to render the travelling equipments complete. Tt is much to be apprehended that disease had greatly reduced the strength of all ou board—far more, perhaps, than they themscives were aware of. ‘The distance by sledge route, from the position of the ships when abandoned, to the boat iv sixty-five geographi- cal miles; and from this to Montreal Island, two hundred and twenty miles. ‘The most perfect order seems to have existed through- out.” MoClintock sailed for England on the Ist of September, 1889, bearing with hifn the relics of the lost navigators, which have been already described very fully in the Herarp, and the important iutelligence of the wreck of the Erebus and Terror, and the melancholy fate of Sir Jobn Frankun and his entire party. Such, in brief, is the interesting history of Arctic ox- ploration for nearly ninety years. nedy, after iy predecossor in these waters, the command- er of one of Lady Franklin’s former searching expeditions, ‘The winter was unusually cold aud stormy. Arrango- ments were completed during the winter for carrying out our intended plan of search; [felt it to be my duty por- sonally to visit Marshal Islaud, and in so doing purposed to complete the cireuit of King William's Island. To Lieutenant Hobson Talloted the search of the wos- tern shore of Boothia tothe magnetic pole, and from Gateshead Island wostward to Wyuniatt’s furthest. Cap. tain Ailen Young, our sailing master, was to trace the of Prince of Wales Land, from Lieut. Browne's nd also to examine the’ coast from Beilot Strait rd to Str James Rogs’s fart spring Journeys were commenced on the 17th 0° February, 1859, by Captain Young and myself, Oaptain ‘Young carrying bis dépot across to Prince of Wales Land, whilst! went southward toward the magnetic pole, in the hope of commonieating with the Exquimaax and ob- taining guch information as might lead us at once to the object of our search. Twas accompanied by Mr. Peterson, our interpreter, xander Thompson, quartermaster. Wo hit witl us two sledges drawn by dogs. On the 28th of Foh, when near Cape Victoria, we had the good fort mecta small party of natives, anil were subseq: ed by about forty-five individuals, For four days we remalaed in communication with them, obtaining many relies, and the information that several ycars ago a ship was crushed by the jee olf’ the north shore, off King William’s Island, but that all her people landed safely, and went away to the Great Fish river, where they died. This tribe was well supplied with wood, obtained, they said, (rom a boat left by the white men on the Great rivet dour vossel after twenty-five days? abs lth, bat aagewhat reduced by sharp mu 4 the unusually Severe weather to which we had xposed, For several days after startiug the mer- cury continued frozen. On the 2d of April our long projected spring journeys wore commenced; Licut. Hobson accompanied me as far as Cape Victoria; cach of ug had a sledge drawa by four men, and an auxiliary sledge drawn by six dogs. This was all the foree we could muster. Before separating we met two Exquimanx families living ont upon the jee, in snow huts. From them we learned that a second ship had been seen off King William’s island, nnd that she drifted ashore in the fall of the same year, From this ship they had obtained a vast deal of wood and iron. 4 T now gave Lieut. Hobson directions to search for the We have in the United States about fourteen hundred er eee uate Sea ty wee ne HIRE ON ODOR RIDE | 7 ies lereeat | nuastibe: Of whieh ape found’ ‘abe Accompanied by my own Party and Mr. Peterson, T | Northern Atlantic and New Kog'and States, As Now marched along the east shore of King William’s Island, ‘1 cocasionally paasing deserted snow huts, but without ‘York sa at the hoad of the banicing business of tho country, mecting natives till the Sth of May, when olf Cape Norton | #18 also the beadquarters of bank note engravers and RA ae 5a bapa Men: yt bergempen§ leven thirty in- | of counterfeiters bogus bank note operators, and of overy abitants, ‘They guthered about ns without the slightest | appearance of fear or shyness, although none had over | *Pecies of fraud connected with the manufactare snd cir. seen living white people before. They were most willing | Culation of paper moncy. Ganes of counterfeiters have {o communicate all their knowledge and barter all their | grown rich, bold and powerful, and exercise thole av2ce- goods, but would havo stolen everything had they aot aktee been closely watched. Many more Yolies of our country. fone wise une SESS snete: They wee Deane men were obtained. We Could not carry away ail wo | '#chemesandin plans of rascality, and no soouer his might bere porek aged. shay eee Ly e ee we oes | one system of villany been exposed than they adopt some crossed the day before, and told us that one day’s marsh | other equally novel and ingenious method. Sbrewd up it, and from thence’ four days overland, b1 em | Been Srrosket cinoe four days overland, Drought them |. cscotertettars mo longer altempt 6 do thelr own work, None ii hese! 7potple xi bom hat — the winter | or to make clumsy ateel engravings in imitation of good of 1857-8, at which time they said but little remained, | . their countrymen having carried away almost everything’ | Dille, apd use poor and dirty papor on which to strike Most of our information wag received from an intelij- | them off, Sach counterfeits are too exeily detected by gent ~ pees os _ 2 was in the ony of = year | mere tyros in the uge of paper mouey. at the ship was forced ashore; many of the white men Groped by the way as they went towards tho Groat | , Si@rtle not, reader, when wo tell yous fact, and that is, river; but this was only known to themJn the winter fol- | tbat the counterfeitore cow employ tho best bank note en ater by ay their poe Fecal coon ey _ as- | gravers in the country, and their splendidiy engraved sured ts that we would find natives oon tho south shore, 1 at the Great river, and some few at the wreck; bat unfor. | Dl's, printed on the moet superior quality of paper, havo on tunately this was not the case. Only one fumily was met | the bottom margin of them thenames of the best bank note with Satin er eee at Montreal Islaud or at | engravers in this country, including tho names of the any place subsequently visited, a Point Ogle, Montreal Island, and ‘Barrow Island, wore | Mebest firma and corporations engaged in that business in searched withont finding anything except a few scraps of | this city. We do not charge these firma with knowingly copper and iron in an Esquimaux hiding place. lending themselves to such frauds, but the thing is con Recrossing the strait to King William’s Island, we con- | gtgntly done nevertheless, tinued the examination of its southern shore without suc- cess until the 24th of May, when about ten miles eastward | The counterfeiters proceed in this wise: They put up at ‘of Cape Herschel a bleachied skeleton aids found, around | one of our best hotels, and register their names which lay fragments of European clothing, care- from Indiana, Tully removing the snow a small pocketbook was found | S8 tbe Hon. So and so, from Indiana, lowa, or some other containing a few letters; these, although much decayed, | MistentState. They then proceed to a prominent bank note ecliges ing Peo Judging trom the —— of his | engraver, or to the consolidated American Company in ‘eee, this unfortuaate young man was a steward or of- floor’s servant, and his position exactly verified tho Raqui. | Wal! stecet, and introduce themselves as merchants, &0 . Inaux’s assertions that they dropped as they walked along. | {fom Indiana, and state that they have organised a free gion renching Cape, Herschel next day cho,,0zamined | bank in that Stato, and wish to got a cortsia amount of Simpeon’s cairn, or rather what remains of it, which ia only four fect high, and the central stores have heen ro- | Pile @Rgraved, of the denomination of twos, fires and moved, a8 if by men seeking something within it. My | 08; tbat they do not care for expense, as they impressi bs bcos Heol 2 retain, is thatre- | wish to have them done in the best manner. The cords were deposited there by the retreating crews, aud 1 cI subsequently removed by the natives, if Serer Steen) one 2 anh isaac ahs work After parting from me at Cape Victoria, on the 28th of | for strangers they require a deposit of from $1,000 F(a pad cal le Uwe Men 2 tse Atashort | to £2,000, as the-case may be, to cover the cost stance westward of ithe found a very large cairn, aud ‘I 7 logo to it three small tents, with blankets, old clothos, | Of %® Work. “This condition is aoceded to; and if the and other relics of a shooting or a magnetic ‘station; bat | @8raver sakes reference besides, they flad little difficulty auhorge ie Ce er ae bog and ce ae dug all | in obtaining a bogus recommendation from some of thetr round it ata distance of ten feet, no record was digcoy- cred. A piece of blank paper, folded up, was found in | COm*ades. The next thing is for the counterfeiters to ca- the cairn, and two broken bottles, which’may, perhaps, | lect designs for thoir bilis from a great variety of patternt oa Sg be bathers pe Some stones | oF dies, always kept on hand. They give their bank, it may which bad fatten from off the top. ‘The most interesting , of the articles discovered here, including a boat's ensign, bis the name of the Farmers’ and Mechanics’, and seloc- were brought away by Mr. Hobson. About two miles aan ate ~ gees corresponding as nearly as pos- le with @ bank of the same namo in Pennsylvania, New York, or in one of the New England States, ‘and in small plain letters, in a blank at the upper and right band cornor of the bill, they have inserted the words “State of Indiana.” When the engravers complete the en- raving, and have struck them off on the best bank note Paper, the counterfeiters retire with them to some private den in the upper part of the city, where they proceed to erage the words “State of Indians,” and insert that of Pennsylvania, or it may bo that of Now York, or some other Atlantic State, and proceed to forge the names of Cunterfelt Money and Counterfelters—Ho w the Thing ts Do further to the southwest a small cairn was found, but neither records uor relics obtained. About three miles north of Point Viciory a second small cairn was oxamined, bnt only a broken pickaxe and an empty canister found. On the 6th of May Lieutenant Hobson pitched his tent beside a large cairn upon Point Victory. Lying amongst some loose stones which had fallen from the top of this cairn was found a small tin case containing a record, the Substance of which is briefly as follows:—“This cairn was built by the Franklin Expedition upon the assumed site of James Ross’ pillar, which had not been found. Tho Ere- bus and Terror spent their first winter at Beechy Island, after having ascended Wellington channel to latitude 77. | seg. N, % and , retuenod by. the. west side of Cornwallis siand. On the 12th of September, 1 h ‘i besct in latitude 70 deg. O.5°N. and joe Ye are WW, | cashiers and presidonts to them, when they aro ready for circulation through their confederates in various parts of ‘he country The beauty of the engravings, with the names of the respectable bank note engravers on the bot- tom margin, tend to give them a widespread circulation. Hence we constantly hear that ‘‘A remarkably woll exe- cuted counterfeit five or ten dollar bill has appeared on such and such a bank, which ia well calculated to decelvo the most experienced eye.” There is-another species of bank nole fraud out of which the foregoing mode of counterfeiting has grown, ‘and which has led to immenee losses on one hand, and great end ill gotten forinnes on tho other, and this is Operations in bogus banks. Taus porsons who possess a fair share of reputation, under which ie hidden en immenze amount of rascalisy appear at tho engravers and state that J. Kranklin died on the Uth of June, 1847. On the 22d of April, 1848, the ships were abandoned, five leagues to the W. of Point Victory, and the survivors, @ hundred fire in number, landed here under the command of Cap- tain Crozier.” ‘This paper*was dated the 25th of” April, 1843, and upon the following day they intended to start for the Great Fish river. The total loss by deaths in the | expedition up to this date was nine officers and fifteen . A vast quantity of clothing and stores of all sorts strewn about, as if here every article was thrown way which could possibly be dispensed with—pickaxes, shovels, boats, cooking utensils, iron work, rope, blocks, cauvass, a dip-circle, a sextant engraved “Frederic Horn: by, R. N.,” a small medicine chest, oars, &. A miles eouthward, across Back I record was found, having been deposited by and M. des Veoux in May, 1847. It ailurde information. ‘The following is a copy of the record found by Hobson near Point Victory YY, 2 second | Jiont. Gore, no additional % ; they have started a free bank, with $200,000, at Cherry AOOLLELO LOLOL ELODIE I IOLO LOLOL rae , i error | Walley, Wisconsin, or at Sandy Crook, in Indiana, USM SHOVE 403 “Tg ‘Mo.soM-07 uo IzeIE paL or Washington city, or some other town in some distant OOO “ fod ee ¥ erik es af State, aud contract with the artiat to engrave all their bills, 2E ‘SaURY. : from $2 up to $100 and $600, in neat atyle and on the beat 23 | FAIESERV scot pas | paper. When the bilis aro obtained and paid for, they H : E are § Tetire to an office in Wall street and sign thom. They 35 g then place large amounts ia the bands of thelr frionds in 4g id the interior for ciroulstion, giving them a large par cent- g = Sa 3 ‘go on the amount put out. They thea place a confederate Es ana3 in an office in Wali street or its vicinity, who isto be ri 5 3 233 known as the redeomer of the moncy at one-quarter to ag | “3 one-half per cent discount, The editor of a Bank Note es HL M. ships Erebus apd terror] 2g Reporter, it may be, is next bribed to publiah a report to ae 28 May Wintered, in Yh feo in 23 af the effect that a now bank bas boon organized by reepon- =" Uaving winlered 1G tede or ve E55 sible capitalists, and tha! its bills are duly redeemed at ae Bocchey Iniand, in at thas | Sg 23 the office of fT. Slick, Melvitle & Co., in Wall atrect, at . ¥ baviig Bet 4 A ated es 38 one-querter to one-half per cent discount. The redemp- $3 Chantel ta ae TP Gee 2e4 3 tion actually takes plase sufficiently long to gain cond. 84 romurniny by the weat side of Saye dence "and enable them to put out some $200,000 to z ig 2 piece pCR ssirese tel Bg g $200,000 of its bills, whon reports start up that itis in 5 se 5 Commanding the Ripe dition, 2 aS 3 Aifficulty, and that ita originators have sold out, to no ge 23 ‘All well. #2 ya body knows who. The bills suddenly drop fromvatty tecde ee cents oa the doliar to nothing. Their holders rush to T, Fade FEREE 8. M. & Co, in Wall street, and find another sign up, and BEE | Whoever finds this paper is and ee bees the said firm has ‘‘vamosed.” They write to the i235 & | requested to forward ito the Sgege fest or supposed locality of the bank, or send out an 22s Secretary of jthe Admiralty, 34 224 agent to look it up, and are astonished to learn that no jog Tant Pind er Ms aes Auch bank ever existed at the apot indicated, 24.23 | found: or, if moro convoniont, : faqi ‘Thus, by bogus banks and counterfeit money, and sub- BREE |e i ctt"a| peg || ‘acne tor er 2 | nearest port. as it 1s ewtimated that the people of the Uni- FS Tee {ibe samo in fyoother kay, Bnda ted States are swindled annually oat of sums varying Bags guages. } lz ALS from two to five millions of dollars, That sush frauds agate Bees should exist and flourish ina country of lawa ian disgrace to gies ‘Sod’. $ | Our legislation. Aa far aa this Slate is concerned, wo re fe £328 Again repeat that the only safoty against counterfeiting ie 62 235 in the use of water lined or ocoontris ruled paper, like grad 7 be8 that used by the Bank of Engiend, This should be ma. Fae a3 nufactured by the State, and kept under tho keys of the EgeE | Party consti or2omoors | E+ $ | Otoptrtir, and no bask or bADK note engravers tn thi 298s | and 6 mon, ton tho ships on 38 } | State shoutd be allowed to print bitts on any olnor; and it Monday. 2ith May, 1887. 433 should not be Iawral for any Wnnk note ongraver to uso | Sie Game, Hectenant EI FP this paper unless he can show to the satisfaction of the Menertcencearecevesreecseasccaciorecr etesens ice. gy | Ootoptroller that it's to be used for 8 bona Jide bank, with Ligut, Hobson continued his search until within a few | ® PMld up expitel. Do this, or xbolish tho ao of paper days’ march of Capo Herschel, without dndin Loy altogether. of the wreck or of natives. Ho left full. infomegae cs | Moxey altogether. of the wreck: or Of natives. ie left fail information of | the art of engraving a bsnk note is much 19: therefore, when retin. hore of King’ William’s Ia- nowing what had already ing northward by the west sh land, I bad the advantage of ic been found. more simple and essy then- outsiters tmngino, | With the discovery of engraving on stool a now art wor c , otice HOW is to engrave lett Soon adler leaving Cape Herechot th opened up. The preoti Brave letters, vig the west point of the gland thoy ceased altogethor, This | yariety of form, with or without coveutaio ru ing, on mall fiat warfaces of soft decarbonised steel, and then reoarbonine them imto hard steel mall clroule - rollers, algo deoarbonized into soft fron, are then put in a powerful preas and rolled over; the figures, vignetis, let- ters, &c., on the steel surfaces, prepared as above rtated. ‘These rollers of course are thus made to receive impres- sions in relief, or raised form, of all the engraved lines. over which they have been made to pasa. These rollers ‘aro then reconverted, or recarbonized into steel, and are Kept filed away for use, and in tho course of time acoumur: late in immense mumbors and in almost isfnite va viety of designs; so that when the engravers: are called upon to supply bills for a new bank, hey submit copies of these designs of dies or rollers, from which selections are made by the per- sons desiring plates. Tho esgravers then take a de- carbonized eteol plato, of the right alze, and subjects It to the Impreeston of the steel rotlers, the designs on which’ @re cut into it while it ie made to move beneath them: under force of the prees; aud thus the most beautiful designs are given to & back note pinte in a brief apace of time; when all that is necessary to complete it is to add 2ome letters and to fuish up othere, when itis recon- verted Into steol aud is ready for use, I} ie from the de- signa thus kept on band that counterfeiters and bogus bank operstors make their eelections for preparmg bank Dills with which te rob the public. The Logivintare is called upon to rectify this, Let us havea stop pat to ‘bank note swindling Iu all its pases. Trade Between Belgium and the Southern States. An anonymous pamphiet has recently appeared at Brussels, treating of the exportation of Belgian products in proportion to the developement of direct commerce with the south of the United States. Le Precurscur, of Ant. werp, commenting on this publication, remarks that the direct trade of Belgium with the rich Southern States of the American Union renders the pamphlet very interest- ing. The author of this work, who is a member of ‘the Central Committee for the Developement of Commerce with the Southern States of America, divides bis sub- Ject into two parts. In tho first he pointa out the necessity for drawiog closer tho mercantile relations between the merchants and tho consumers of ‘the two countries; and in the sewond part, he points out some of the means which appear to him most proper to: attain that end. elgium, he says, placed among transatlantic countriog which produce the first articles of commerce, and the continental people who consume them, is undoubtedly called upon to play an important réle in the commerce of the world. With the modern application of steam, her resources can be immensely developed. The only thing required is the extension of her railway lines, in connection with steampship lines, to bo brought into closest. «= communion with tho —-Unnited States. Belgium appears to bo designed by Providence to establish an European route between the East and West. The writer is, however, of opinion that the com- mercial activity of Belgiam does not accord with the ad- Vantoges of her goographical position and the admirable ene in which she is placed. Ho says that Belgium 1as greatly declined from her former greatness, and that the cause may be traced to the apathy and indifferenco of the people. He does not, withal, despair for the future of the country. He then refers w the advice of his Royal Highness, the Duke of Brabant, that they should form a Congress’ of material interests for the developement of foreign commercial relations, but more especially with the Southern States of America. The great association of cotton planters in Georgia, for eloping direct relations between Europe and the South of the Union, is next referred to, and it is stated that tho formation of the Belgian committee has beea brought about for the purpose of co-operating with the Georgia Society. ‘This movement, it is hoped, will relieve the commerce of these States from the heavy duties imposed upon them by the merchants of New York. To make the subject better uuderstood, the author enters into detaile concerning the proportion of the products of the eshte States in the general commerce of the American Union. Ofticial documents, he says, inform us that during the year 1856-57—that is,'from the Ist of July, 1858, to the B0th June, 1857—the commercial movemeut’ of the United States gave the following results:— Tmportations, francs... .1,930,000,¢ Exports.....6 ..0 -1,940,000,000 Total... «. «.8,870,000,000—about $737,142,857 This is nearly one-fourth more. the general trade of France in the year 1856. Dui same years 1856— 57, the Southern States have coutMButed to the commer- cial activity of the world, by those of its products only, in the large sum of 773,108,742 francs, as shown by tho annexed figures:— a Cotton... $131,575 859 Tubacco L 20,602'727 Rice 2/200,400 Total, -9154,620,001 Francs, eee 179,108,732 Tho South has therefore paid, by these products alone, nearly 43 per cent of all the exportations of the Union. ‘The remaining 67 per cent have been paid by the other products of the soil, from the States of the North and West, which supply, among other things, salted meats and grain to the extent of 374 millions of francs, or 74,687,862 dollare, Notwithstanding the immense commerce of ‘the South, says the writer, the city of New York has absorbed the whole commercial life of the Union, and it may be said that that great city exclusively represenis all the States of the Union. He then goes onto speak of the immense extent of American territory, of the increase of in- habitants in the United States to upwards of 25,000,000 or 80,000,000; also of the numerous and magnificent ports of the South—such as New Orleans, Wilmington ‘orfolk, Baltimore, Savannah, Apalachicola, Pensacola, Mobile, &. and argues tbat the port of New York will in time cease to absorb all the trade of the Union and of the Old Worid, and the ports of the South will share largely im the bene- fits of general commerce. Yor it is the Southern States, which, by their productions, support tho navigation and trade of the North; and those are the States aiso whic consume the greatest quantity of European fabrics. For all these reasons the writer thinks the interests of Belgium will be materially advanced by a close commer- cial alliance with the Southern States of America. ——_—___. Naval Intelligence. OUR PORTSMOUTH CORRESPONDENCE. Porrsmovra, N. H., Oct. 23, 1859. The Portsmouth Novy Yard. The new gunboat Mohican, destined for the African sta- tion, is rapidly being fitted out at this yard, and will go in commission immediately. Her officers are all ordered, and will report for duty atan early day. Sylyanus W. Godon will command her. ‘The Mohican is truly a worthy specimen of naval archi- tecture, and well deserving of that notice which she will. demand. On the 20th inst. steam was got up on board of her,and the results give evidence that she is likely to prove one of the finest gunboats of our new flotilla. This description of vessel is much needed in our service, and if the Mohican is done justice to after she goes in commission. our readers will hear accounts of her which wiil remind them of the pleasing hours they have passed with Fenni- more Cooper, and with that talented and accomplished gentleman, will find that her course o’ér ocean’s depths will prove as fleet as the hero of that author’s work, and that she will prove as formidable as his comrade of the scalping knife or his chief of the tomahawk. On the Ist proximo, if possible, she will start on her trial trip, and I shall have au opportunity of presenting to- your readers a detailed account of the qualities she may put forth on that day. ‘The many improvements now {n hand at this station are of such a nature as to mer.t more than a passing remark, and as it has ever been my desire to keep your readera. posted on naval affuirs,I cannot permit so deserving a Subject to be lost to them. Taking these improvements in due order, I will com- mence with a new building now in course of erection, in- tended for the offices of the various departments from tho Commodore down. It is a neat and substantial edifice, with wings at cither end, the main portion of the structure being surmounted by an octangular tower, in which ia located a clock, whose sable dial 1s emblazoned by ited numbers, which, glittering in the noon day’s sun, 8! forth in gilded tones tho flecting hours. Standing, as it. does, in the centre of the yard, it presents a very neat ap- Pearance and commands inuch attention, The next object of interest is tho now ordnance store, of which T spoak with that pleasure tbat a person feels when zant of its justic?; no useless arobitecture adorns its exterior, nor does’ its interior boast of any, but that solidity 4nd permanency #0 indispensable in this style of building are its chicf characteristics. The interior pre- sents the most perfect picture of order, precision and allot- ment I have ever seen. — Its very appearance tells you that it is a building destined tor some important purpose, and 80 it really is, the ordnance department being one. worthy of much attention. Its internal arrangements evince much judgment and foresight, and great. credit is awarded to the First Lieutenant of the yard. - Circuiting round the yard brought mo to the ship house. ontaining the old Franklin. [say old, but it is not so, as. 1am informed but one timber or go of the old ship re- mains in the new. She is a splendid veesol. As I stood upon her decks, and followed with iy oye the length of bulwarks, the beauty and symmetry of hor build, the nificent [Aeko of her upper or spar deck, and great de of her hold, Ifelt prond of my country and hor vast re- sources, ang regretted that our governinent shouid permit: this noble specimen of what Yankecism can accomplish to hide her bulwarks in a ship house, excluded from all save the curious, unheeded or cared for, unadmired, because not seen, and wasting her sweetness, I was golng to on desert air; bil roally, on honor, wasting her beaut Proportions on the walls of her shed. Fit her out, com- mission her, off with her to the Moditerranoan, and among the proud and guilant ships of Albion aud. la delle. Franco, let ber wear that constellation whose original is. tho caxopy studded with the eetrallas of freedom and the flag of justice and morey. Ollering an apology.to my guide, I was about to take leave, thinking I might be detaining him from somé im- Portant duty, when he invited me to the marine barracks, which I may inform you are jocated in the eastern part of the yard. ‘On entering the military portal 1 was vory much reminded of a visit I made to a Mexican tow during our war with that country. General Scott had just vietoriously entered, and his oMfeers and’ mon were busily employed repairing the walls, strengthening tbo fortifications and making all right and snug again, pro- paring for n threatened attack from tho repulesd Moxt- cans. The officers were busily engaged giving ordera, the men actively discharging them, and tho old qonoral him. self as busy and active as any. Cheersuiness and goo.t