The New York Herald Newspaper, October 20, 1859, Page 8

‘ 6 NEW YORK HERALD. wee JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON STS. TERMS, cash in Money vent by madi elt be at the of the sender, pesatschemoel cat vectioed aa tabeription otek 7 ¥ “G70 HOTICE take of anonymous correepondence, We do not renewed every tn. corted in the ‘Huma.p, Fawr and in the P ‘enecuted with noatness, cheapness and de- spake, is AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, NIBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway.—Borw to Goon Loca— AX Woem ix bavase Latest Puow Naw Yous: seresee Os BO BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Taxex Reo Mex—Parva- ‘TEER AnD THE Preare. Tee Lal KEENE’S @%4 Broadway.—Musum- wen Kuute Deas. ATE ni pt ‘Tue Man in THB Huw, BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery — THRATRE FRANCAIS, 585 Brosdway—Dox Joan D’Avrnious. ARNUMS AMER! MUSEUM. Broadway.—After- Pn Ort es Inn—Srectaz Baieonoou. Evealng—Our or ras Darras. . Dinos, 40—Danow amp Prius. ss BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics Hall, 472 Broadway.— Buaimequas, Sones, Dances, £0.—Hor or Fasaion. COOPER INSTITUTE.—Pror. Mrrcueu’'s Leocure on Po TRANSLATION OF THE SUM AND SoLaR System THROUGH ace. pment HALL, 663 Broadway.—Ta10pon's THEATRE OF RT, TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Thursday, October 20, 1859. MAILS FOR THE PACIFIC. New York Herald—California Edition. ‘Tho mail steamship North Star, Capt. Jones, will leave this port this afternoon, at three o'clock, for Aspinwal!. ‘The mails for California and other parts of the Pacific ‘will close at one o'clock this afternoon. The Naw Yorx Wexaxy Haratp—California edition— containing the latest intelligence from all parts of the world, will be published at eleven o’clock in the morning. Single copies, in wrappers, ready for mailing, six cents. Agents will please send in their orders as early as pos- ible. The News. By the arrival of the Europa at Halifax yester- @ay we have European news to the morning of the Sth inst., three days later than the accounts re- ceived by the Great Britain, and also late advices from India and South America. Nothing of importance had transpired respecting the peace negotiations, but it wasexpected that a treaty would be signed at Zarich on the 10th or 12th inst. The accounts as to the belligerent aspect of affairs in Italy and France, received by the two or three last steamers, appear to have been greatly exaggerated. The official correspondence of Col. Bruce, the British Minister to Chins, relative to the action at the river Peiho, had been published. He approves of the course pursued by our Minister, Mr. Ward. Several disasters to American vessels are re- Ported. The particulars are given in our summary of the news. The London money market and the Liverpool American produce markets had undergone no change of importance. ‘The disturbances at Harper’s Ferry are at an end. Quiet is restored to that romantic village, and soon things will resume their usual appearance there. The five prisoners who fell into the hands Of the troops were despatched yesterday, under a Court opens there to-morrow. Brown, who is not dangerously wounded, is among them. They are to be prosecuted by the State, and, in case of their affair. Brown also made a full statement to Gov. The connection of Gerrit Smith with the is curiously foreshadowed in. his recent letter to the managers of the Jerry Rescue cele- in which he speaks confidently of the im- of servile insurrectionary movements in the South. This letter is printed elsewhere, as it serves, along with the Rochester programme of Wm. H. Seward, to lead to a fall appreciation of the objects of Brown and his crazy followers. ‘The quadrilateral journal of this city, which is always pretending to give news in advance of all ita neighbors, has recently shot terribly ahead in regard to the late Senator Broderick’s property. It has just made a statement to the effect that the deceased had left property varying from $100,000 to. $200,000 in value, and that by his will he gave $15,000 to the Protestant and Catholic Orphan Asylams of San Francisco, with certain other muni- ficent bequests to his friends. Now that the Cali- fornia journals have reached us, we find that there is not the slightest truth in the statement. The Property of Mr. Broderick does not, in fact, reach $50,000, as has been shown in the Probate Court of Bem, Francisco. Besides, so far from having made the bequests invented by the quadrila- teral journal, it has been farther shown that Mr. Broderick died. without making a will at all, so that the charitable institutions whose hopes and of substantial aid have been raised and flattered by the unfounded statement will have the opportunity of discovering how ‘they have been deceived by the latest quadrilateral intelligence. The Republican County Convention met last night, and nominated Isaac 0. Dayton, of the Sixteenth ward, for Jadge of the Supreme Court; John Slos- Son and Erastus C. Benedict, for Jndges of the Su- Perior Court; Charles C. Nott, for Judge of Com- mon Pleas Court; A. J. Dieffenhoeffer, for Judge of the Marine Court, and James Davis for Supervisor The Convention then adjourned. Por oma Commissioners met yesterday. Committee on Castle Garden submitted a long report adverse to granting privileges in the Gar. den for selling tickets to McDonnell & Bischof, who are agents for booking passengers on thig tide in connection with others in Europe. Commissioner Jellinghaus expressed a desire to have the report laid over for a week to afford him an Opportunity of presenting a minority report on the subject of booking, and the frauds practised upon emigrants by that system, as there was much of the report with which he did not agree. After considerable warm discussion, in which Mr. Jellinghaus plainly intimated that the Board countenanced the frauds on emigrants, his motion was finally agreed to. i NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1859.—TRIPLE . ‘ : changed Mr. Crabtree reported the complaint of a family who wore defrauded of eight dollars by an agent of the McDonnell firm in Europe, and the subject was referred to Mr. Jellinghaus. The number of emi- grants arrived during the week was 1,668, making the number for the present year 64,197. The ba- lance of the commutation fund is now $27,456 29. The only jury trial that took place in the General Sessions yesterday was a charge of felonious assault and battery preferred against Hough Donohue, he having struck his wife with a hatchet. He was con- Wvted of an assault with intent to do bodily harm, and the Recorder sent him to the State prison for five years, Louis Grafenstein, guilty of petit lar- ceny, was sent to Blackwell’s Island for six months. Wm. H. Saully pleaded guilty to a similar offence, and was sent to the penitentiary for the same period. Peter and Bridget Burns were convicted of an assault on Henry Hart, and remanded for sen- tence. Owen Quin, one of the witnesses for the de- fence, was committed for perjury, he having par- tially admitted that he told falsehoods. The Board of Education had the Bible question before them in a new phase last evening. A reso- lation was offered by Mr. Glover to pay the teachers whose salaries have been withheld. It was ob- jected to. A resolution to suspend the rules was then offered ; but another to lay on the table took precedence of it, and the subject was tempo- rarily put to rest, the motion to lay it on the table being carried by a vote of 22 against 13. Several legacies have been recently bequeathed to the Board of Education, which we publish with our re- port elsewhere. The receipts of beef cattle having fallen off about 1,000 head during the past weok, a more active de- mand prevailed, and holdera were enabled to ob- tain an advance of half a cent a pound, prices ranging from 6}c. to 10c.a 10}c. Cows and calves are in request at previous rates. Veal calves were active at full prices. Sheep and lambs have been very plenty, but have sold about as fast as they ar- rived. Swine were unchanged. There were on sale 3,053 cattle, 195 cows, 586 veals, 15,615 sheep and lambs and 5,140 swine. ‘The cotton market was firmer yesterday, and some bro- kers called middling uplands an 3¢c. higher. We how- ever repeat quotations in another column. The sales em. braced 600 8 700 bales. There was a rumor in the street to the effect that a house in the trade had received a tele- grapic despatch from Memphis, Tennessee, announcing the Occurrence of frost in that vicinity. Another despatch, received from Savannah, made no allusion to frost. The latter town, however, is farther south and of less altitude than Memphis. Tho probability is, that the present cold “‘guap’’ may have resulted in the advent of frost more or less severe in some sections of the cotton country, and especially on high lands. Flour was quite activeand firm- er for common shipping brands. The sales footed upabout 26,000 bbis., part for export. Wheat was more active, and free sales were made at rates given in another place, Corn was steady, with moderate sales, including mixed at 91 and Jersey yellow at 983zc. Pork was firm, with sales of mess at $16 8 a $15 373;, and of prime at $10 75. Beef and lard were steady. Tho gales of sugars to the trade and by auction embraced about 600 hhds, and 100 boxes, at prices given in another place. Rio coffee wasfirmly held, while sales were limited to 700 bags Maracaibo and 160 do. Java, at rates given elsewhere. The ehipments of flour to England comprised about 8,000 bbl, as follows:—4,000 to London at 28. 3d., 3,000 to Liverpool at 2s. and 1,600 to Glasgow at 2s. 6d. _— /The Outbreak at Harper's Ferry—Com- plicity of Leading Abolitionists and Black Republicans. Our Washington and Baltimore despatches published in our columns to-day give a full, interesting and highly significant account of the closing scenes of the insurrection set on foot at Harper’s Ferry. The affair, which was commenced on Sunday night last, was sup- pressed so soon as the regular troops could reach the scene of action. The five prisoners who fell into the hands of the troops, including Ossawattomie Brown, whose wounds are said not to be dangerous, were sent yesterday un- der a strong escort to Charlestown, Va., where they ere to be tried for murder. The Circuit Court opens to-day. Indictments will be found, and the trials will take place imme- diately. In Brown’s house was found quite a magazine of arms and ammunition, besides the constitution and ordinances of the conspirators, and other papers, implicating Gerrit Smith, Joshua R. Giddings, Fred. Douglass, and other abolitionists and black republicans, The President, and the officers and troops acting under his orders, have acted in the mat- ter with a degree of promptitude which de- serves the thanks of the country. That the end of the conspirators will be the end of a rope, an ignominious death without even the empty honors of martyrdom, no one can doubt for an instant. The attempt of Brown and his men was re- markable in more ways than one. In the first place, he was a notorious Kansas-shrieker—one whose had more than once been dipped in humiefl blood. He finally left Kansas and came to the East, where Mr. Seward’s Emi- gration Aid Society friends supplied funds wherewith to stir up a servile insurrection in Virginia, which it was expected would extend throughout the border slave States. The Sharp’s rifles bought for Kansas by the Seward men were to be placed in the hands of the slaves, who were expected to rob and shoot down their masters, thus beginning the “irre- pressible conflict” to which Mr. Seward alluded in his brutal and bloody Rochester manifesto. But although Brown and his eighteen com- rades managed to seize the government ar- mory, where no less than two hundred men are constantly employed, and to hold possession ofatown of some three or four thousand in- habitants from Sunday night till Monday even. ing, the affair was a miserable failure. The slaves, without exception, refused to join in it, Brown had but four or five blacks under his com- mand, and they were freemen. This fact shows very plainly that the negroes themselves are not ready to accept what Mr. Gerrit Smith calls their last resort. As to the whites of the Seward school, there can be but little doubt that had Brown beemable to hold outa few days longer, his standard would have received nu- merous accessions from the North and Weat. The “irrepressible conflict” would then have been commenced, and before it could have ended much bloodshed would have ensued. Such was undoubtedly the Seward programme, Thus the affair at Harper's Ferry is one of the straws that show which way the political wind blows. Its lesson should not be misun- derstood. Let the Southern opposition mem- bers of Congress, when they come to the organization of the House, not forget the Har- per’s Ferry outbreak and the lesson it teaches them. That Mr. Seward is the arch-agita- tor who is responsible for this insurrection no one who has read his Rochester manifesto can deny. That his elevation to the Presidency would stimulate seryile insurrections all over the Southern country, is likewise beyond per- adventure. Mr. Seward once in the White House, his doctrines, howsoever fanatical, or brutal, or bloody, or cruel they may be, have 8 degree of importance and weight which they can obtain in no other way; and while we should be among the last persons in the world to predict anything like real danger to the Unio of the States or the security of all our people in the enjoyment of their homes and the peace- ful possession of their properties, of whatever kind they may be, yet it must be admitted that the election of Seward would act as a pow- erful Incentive to men of the Brown, stamp. The leading Seward organ in this city is quite lachrymose over Brown, and the abolitionists all mourn for bim as for a chief in Israel fallen, in the front of the battle, ~- Tho Meeting at New Rochelle-Fernando ‘Wood on the “Irrepressible Oomfict.” ‘The report in another column of the meeting at New Rochelle, ratifying the democratic no- minations for State and county officers, shows how deeply the popular heart of the country is stirred against the brutal and bloody doctrine of an “irrepressible conflict” between the Northern and Southern States of the Union. It is evident that both the speakers and the hearers appreciated the great point of the poli- tical conflict now going on. Mr. Wood in his address touched the commercial and interna- tional bearings of the subject with the skill of a statesman, and the manner in which his re- marks were‘ received shows that the question comes home to the bosom of the people. In the commercial aspect, no greater question was ever presented to popular consideration. The markets that the South opens to the products of Northern industry are as necessary to its pros- perity as are the skilled hands which ply the machines, and the machines which increase the value of the labor. Close the Southern markets, and millions of dollars which are now in active employment as manu- facturing and commercial capital, and hundreds of thousands of men that are now busy supplying their demands, would be thrown back upon the community to compete for the supply of the Northern markets, which again draw a portion of their life from South- ern labor. And the markets of the South will be closed if we destroy the bond of labor there, and break up the social organization. No community can go through such commotion and live. Its constituents must be returned to their original elements, and a new assimilation and arrangement take place if the present in- stitution of domestic slavery is destroyed. In a word, society must be returned to barbarism before the new order of things could flourish. This is the point of international relation so ably handled by Mr. Wood. The statesmen of England see in the steady prosperity of this Union the coming destruction of the theories of class government and aristocratic privileges which they have so long supported. They see clearly that the surest blow against that prosperity will be the one struck at one of its vastest elements; and therefore are they so will- ing to clasp hands with Seward, and to encour- age him and his followers to strike that blow. They have talameounsel with the Cataline of America, because they knew full well the political results of the councils he urges upon his country. They have had a prac- tical experience of them in the effect they pro- duced upon the British West Indies. These have been reduced to a political and industrial nonentity by the very measures which Seward would have the Congress of the United States apply to the States south of Mason’s and Dix- on’s line. Had the West Indian colonies borne the same proportionate relation to the British em- pire that the Southern States bear to the Union, the effects which negro emancipation would have produced upon the home industry of Eng- land would have caused a bloody revolution there. Its meagre proportions reduced and de- layed the reaction, but it has not been less con- clusive. The common sense of that country rejects the teachings of the self-styled humani- tarians, and Exeter Hall has sunk to the level of contempt. Manchester and Birmingham have lost the West Indian markets for their fa- brics, and London and Liverpool see no more the fleets from there which once gladdened the hearts of their merchants. A few fanatics still cling to the exploded remnants of their theo- ries, but their only followers are the senseless dowagers and 'the thoughtless children of the Sunday schools. The destruction of our South- ern markets for the products of industry would produce a similar revulsion here, but wider and more fatal in its effects. We must prevent the result, rather than permit and lament it. Tue Water TROUBLES IN Brooxtyy.—Our neighbors across the river have no sooner real- ized their pet project which was to do such wonders for their city than it has involved them in difficulties. They have got into hot water when they expected to have luxuri- ated in cold. The cause of their troubles is half of their own making and half the work of politicians. They were in such a hurry to com- pete with New York in the matter of a water supply that they did not take time to properly digest their engineering plans. Under the au- thority of the charter the original contracts en- tered into provided merely for an open canal between the reservoirs. After the works had made some progress this was deemed objection- able by the Board of Water Commissioners, and it was decided that a closed conduit would be preferable. It should in fairness be stated that in this opinion the Board was supported by many influential citizens, corroborated by the experience of other water works. In those of Philadelphia and Boston great complaints were in the beginning made of the ex- posed structure of the water ducts, and of the facilities which they afforded for the introduction of foreign substances, either by mischievously disposed persons or by accident. This last summer we ourselves had a sample of the annoyance that may be occasioned even by so apparently harmless an element as sub-aqueous vegetation. Under all the circumstances, therefore, it would probably have been the wisest thing for the Common Council to have decided in the beginning on the more expensive of the two plans submit- ted to them. They however did not consider themselves warranted in authorizing the in- crease which it would occasion in the original estimates, and if they erred, they certainly erred on the side on which corporators are not usually to be found. Under the assumed authority of the act which was pushed through the Legislature in April last by a political effort, the new Board of Water Commissioners constituted by it en- tered into a contract for a closed conduit, in place of the open canal, without reference to the Common Council, They also fixed the amount of the water rates, and proceeded to levy them, although it is claimed that the Com- mon Council have, under the act of 1857, the sole power to fix and control them. Under hese circumstances the City Comptroller re- fused to pay the drafts of the Commissioners for the construction of the works, and this has led to a threat by the contractors that they will stop the engine by whioh the water is pumped into the reservoir, and thus leave the city without its supply, unless the money be forthcoming. There is, consequently,. great excitement amongst those who have paid the water tax, and the matter has been carried into the courts. There is no doubt that a de- cision will be given similar to that rendered in the case of the Croton dam, in which it was held that tho Water Commissioners were only the agents of the Corporation, and had no power to constfuct such works without their authority. The above facts furnish another illustration of the readiness with which means are found, through the aid of the politicians, to get round the provisions of the most stringent charters, and to defeat the precautions taken to prevent unauthorized expenditures of the public money. The Water Commissioners of Brooklyn have in all their proceedings evinced a disposition to throw off the control of the city authorities, and it is for the interest of the public that they should be taught that an act of the Legislature obtained by unfair influences will not be al- lowed to override constitutional safeguards. Our November Election and the Next Pre- sidency. The State of New York is the only remaining hope against a Northern sectional struggle for the Presidency. Within the last twelve months, including New York, it may be said that every Northern State this side the Rocky Mountains has gone by the board. All these late North- ern elections, from Maine to Minnesota, indi- cate a general sectional crusade in 1860 against the “pecuKar institution” of the South, or, as designated by our republican organs, the “slave oligarchy” and the “slave power.” This crusade by the republican party, as a sectional anti-slavery organization, can only be prevent- ed, we apprehend, by a popular reaction against W. H. Seward and his revolutionary Presidential programme in our November State election. The prospects for this popular reaction, it must be admitted, are anything but encourag- ing or satisfactory. The moral effect of all the late elections goes against any such reaction in a State where the republican party is consider- ed firmly seated in power, and as possessing the resources fora popular majority equal to all demands. On the other side, the treache- ries, trickeries, corruptions and debaucheries of the Albany Regency and Tammany Hall have 80 demoralized and disorganized the democratic party that it has entered into the work of this campaign without confidence or courage, but full of the symptoms and fears of a crushing defeat. And yet the New York democracy are now called upon to suspend for a few weeks their local quarrels and personal feuds, in order to rescue the State and the Presiden- tial election from the control of a sectional disunion agitator and his followers; and this good work may possibly be done. In the first place, although the party was in a disordered, dispirited and wrangling condi- tion last year, the democratic candidate for Governor received some thirty-five thousand votes more than were cast for Mr. Buchanan in the State in 1856, These votes were, doubt- less, to a very great extent, drawn from the dissolving American party. But there were still in the same election some sixty thousand votes cast for the American State ticket. These sixty thousand votes of a party now disbanded may be wielded to turn the election one way or the other, or half-and-half, as arranged by the silly triumvirate of Ullmann, Scroggs and Brooks, in their late Convention at Utica. We have reason to believe that very few of these sixty thousand Know Nothings have any faith in Seward, and that a large majority of them can never be brought to gupport him for the Presidency upon any terms. Why, then, if they would dispose of him, and place him on the shelf among the political fossil remains of an age gone by—why not at once turn the vote of New York into a rebuke, instead of an endorsement of his Presidential pretensions? In the next place, this recent abolition affair in Virginia should act as a warning to all con- servative, law-abiding and Union-loving men of the North in reference to the disunion tenden- cies and dangers of the slavery agitation. We dare say, now, that the Southern States in the Charleston Convention will repudiate every- thing in the way of a candidate or platform which does not clearly afford some positive se- curities of protection to Southern slavery. It is very probable that the democracy at Charleston will thus be constrained to accept @ candidate and platform so decidedly pro- slavery as to encourage the republicans of the North to confine the Presidential contest to the “slave oligarchy” and the “aggressions and demands of the slave power.” The result of a contest of this character would unquestionably be the defeat of the South, and the election of an anti-slavery Pre- sident from the North; and this result would doubtless be the signal for secession and revo- lutionary movementsin the South, which would soon ripen into a civil war. But this sectional battle for the next Presidency may be prevent- ed by the conservative people of New Yorkin our November election, and by the simple act of casting their suffrages so that they shall se- cure a judgment from the Empire State against W.H. Seward and his abominable disunion and insurrectionary principles. Otherwise we may as well prepare now as next year for the most embittered, perilous, mischievous and disas- trous sectional agitation of slavery, morally, politically and financially, North and South, in all the history of this vexed question. Let Seward be rebuked, and the Sopth may be con- vinced that she is still secure under the shelter- ing wings of the constitution. And we call upon our Union-loving men of all parties to remember this in our November election. Tur RecistRation or Vorers—INDIFFERENCE or THE Prorte.—We publish in another column an account of the registration of voters under the new Registry law, which took place on Tuesday. The people seem to have taken little or no interest in the matter. The number of voters who presented themselves to the re- gistrars was comparatively small, and there appeared to he no small amount of confusion and mystification as to the exact duties of the registrars. Perhaps the indifference manifested was due to the fact that a general impression prevailed that all those whose names appear on the poll list of the last general election are not required to make personal application for re- gistry; and such seems to be the meaning of the new law. All voters, however, who have their residencesaince the last election— of which doubtless there are a large aumber— we presume should have applied for registra- ton, and in case of their failure to do eo, there may be some trouble and delay in voting on election day. In any event, we think it quite likely that considerablo confusion wil! result from this piece of legislat hen voters present themselves at the polls at the November election. pi “Map Brown's Invorrucrion.”—This is the term by which the late bloody affair at Har- per'’s Ferry is designated by the republican organs, now that it has been proved» sad failure; but it cannot be forgotten that this man Brown was a representative in Kansas of the Massachusetts Emigrant Aid Society during all the trouble there, and that all the outrages in which he and others then participated were sustained and applauded by the republican papers at the time. Brown was the recipient and keeper of the arma and munitions of war contributed by the abolition Aid Society to | plunge Kansas into bloodshed and anarchy, aa 8 proved by the fact that he used these same arms in his late desperate attempt in Virginia. It is pretended that the insurrection at Har- per’s Ferry was an isolated affair, o@acocted by Brown himself, without the knowledge of the republican abolition leaders, and that it hadno ramifications anywhere else. It is true that a few of the conservative portion of the repub- lican party thought that the Kansas disturbers were going too far, and that the same class look with abhorrence upon this late san- guinary attempt at Harper’s Ferry; but we think it is quite probable that the va- rious Garrisonian and Seward cliques were well aware that it was pre-arranged; in fact, that such an opening of the “irrepressible con- flict” was desired, though their organs now talk of it as “Brown’s crazy insurrection,” and “Mad Brown’s insurrection,” and describe its leader as Old Ossawattomie Brown, and call him a misguided fanatic, and so forth; but atthe same time they go as far to justify his act as they dare ; and when his trial comes on, then we shall probably see by whose authority “Mad Brown” acted. That the insurrection was the work of mad impulse rather than of a preconceived plan, is disproved by the admission of Brown himself ; that it was designed as far back as June, 1856, and by the other fact, that in August last the Secretary of War was informed of the whole plan, exactly as ithas been carried out, in a letter which appeared in the Heratp of yes- terday. We have no doubt that it was Brown’s deli- berate intention to use the arms which he had brought from Kansas for this treasonable pur- pose ; that he calculated upon seizing the United States arsenal, and thus supply the slaves of Virginia and Maryland with weapons and ammunition, in the hope that they would flock to his standard in thousands, by which he would be enabled either to run them off into the free States, or to incite a general servile insurrection, and possibly hold Maryland and Virginia until he proclaimed a provisional government, or some nonsense of that sort. There is no doubt that the scheme was a very “mad” one, and could not have succeeded in any event; but there is just as little doubt, we think, that Old Ossawattomie neither conceived nor attempted it without aid and counsel from other quarters. In short, had Brown succeeded in his atro- cious purpose, instead of failing miserably, as he fortunately did, his friends and abettors, in- stead of stigmatizing him as a madman, would have enshrined his name as a hero; he would, possibly, have found a place in their estimation equal to that of Washington. The truth is that it is not the act of Brown and his followers which the republican papers now condemn, but the mistake which he made in selecting the wrong time for the attempt. Even as it is, they make @ very poor attempt to disguise the fact that it is not the spirit which animated this misguided traitor they find fault with so much as the in- opportune moment at which the attempt was made and the ill success which attended it. Our Leomators AND THE INFLUENCES Brovout to Bear on THEM.—National and State and municipal legislators in this country have, unfortunately, got into bad odor with the com- munity. A Congressman, particularly from the Northern and Western States, is usually a personage whose integrity does not rank very high in the public estimation; and as for an Alderman, the title is about as reproachful a one as that of rowdy. In fact, of late years, the terms have been growing to be synony- mous. But of all the legislative bodies in the land, federal, State or municipal, none stand in worse repute than the Legislature of this State. And deservedly so. For the last three or four years they have not only been trampling on the tights of the people, have not only been barter- ing away the municipal privileges of this city, have not only been foisting on us hordes of de- cayed politicians as Police Commissioners, Har- bor Commissioners, and other officials, but they have been plotting to give over the State, bound hand and foot, to the Juggernaut car of William H. Seward and the other apostles of abolitionism. Of course it is unnecessary to say that our State Legislature has been corrupt and dis- honest. It has been, if possible, a little worse in those respects than our own Common Coun- cil. The lobby members flourished as they used to flourish at Washington in those good times when Simonton was the vote broker of the republican members, and the immaculate Matteson their file-leader, Under the auspices of such a schemer as Seward it could not haye been otherwise. The lobby force was recog- nized as a great power in the State, and be- came familiarly known as the Third House, But our progress is still downward. It goes on from bad to worse. The reputation of State legislators has become so bad that decent men would almost as soon become candidates for a bunk in Sing Sing as for a seat in the Capitol at Albany. And the Third House has extended its operations so greatly, and has grewn so om- nipotent, that now, instead of depending upon their influence over the members themselves, they go to the fountain head, and dictate to the primary assemblies and nominating conven- tions as to who shall be the nominees of their respective parties. In this way they obviate the possibility of any difficulty in carrying their plans at Albany, and take care that the right sort of men for their purposes are sent there. The plan has the advantage of cheap- ness. A few hundred dollars can generally make the thing all right with a primary mect- ing; and then, the baser the material provided, the less will be its cash value. These legislators of ours have the control of . involves some forty or fifty mflifons of dollars, Then, they’ have assumed the right of granting railroad | charters for the streets of this city. There were some ten or twelve applications for such char- ters before the last Legislature. There are hua- dreds of thousands of dollars to be made in | this way by our rum house politicians whe manage to be sent to the Senate or Assembly, And, finally, the next Senate will have the choice ofa Senator in Congress in place of William H. Seward. If this Diear. feated in his aspirations for the Presidency, as all good citizens hope he will be, then they will want to re-elect him to the Senate; and te the other event they will want to -4ll hie place with one of the same stamp. It is for these reasons that we should try tebe properly represented at Albany; but the belief that we cannot be has grown to be a fixed idea in the minds of the-people, We fear there ie too much cause for that belief ABRIVAI/ OF THE EUROPA. News from Europe, Asia and South America, Progress of the Peace Mogotiations at Zurich. STATE OF AFFAIRS IN ITALY. What the British Plenipotentiary in China Says of Minister Ward and Com, Tatnall, SHIPWRECK OF AMERICAN VESSELS, Cotton, Breadstuffs and -Provi- sions Steady, &., &. ‘Saoxvitix, N. B., Oct. 19, 1860, The steamship Europa, Capt. Leitch, from Liverpool, at 9A. M. of the 8th inst., arrived at Halifax at two o’cleck this morning, and sailed thence at 9:30 A. M. for Boston, where she will bo due to-morrow afternoon. The horse express, with her news, arrived here this evening. The following disasters to American ships are re- ported:— The ship American Congress ran aground near the Owor’s Light, in the Engtish Channel,on the 6th inst. Assistance was sent from Portsmouth and it was supposed sho was gotoff and towed to Spithead. The amount of damage done is not known. ‘Tho Cairo, from New York for Rotterdam, ran ashore on South Pampus on the 4th, but no particulars have been received. ° The Lancaster, from San Francisco for Australia, foundered at Malakion July 10. The crew were saved, ‘The United States frigate Constellation and steamer Sumpter were at St. Vincent's Sept. 23. The steamship Kangaroo, from New York, arrived at Queenstown on the 6th, and at Liverpool the evening of the following day. ‘The steamship Ocean Queen arrived at Southampton at noon of the 7th. ‘The steamship Persia arrived at Liverpool early on the morning of the 8th. THE TREATY OF PEACE. Nothing further has been received regarding the pre- ceedings at Zurich, beyond the general assertion that pre- gress continued to be made towards signing the treaty ef Peace. It is said that the treaty will be complicated, and Will leave Austria a door open to quarrel with Piedmont. ‘The Paris Constitutionmel contains an article by its chief editor, stating that the Preliminaries at Villafranca had rescued Italy from every-foreign intervention, no matter under what name or from what Power it might come, France confines herself to giving Italians proper advice. f followed by them, that advice would have insured the Trosperity of Central Italy; but having in vain offered : dvice she 80 80 far as to dictate orders to Italy. ‘The latest ro gay that the treaty between France and Acatrighell probably be signed’ at Zurich on the 10th or 12th inst, Austria consented to sign on all questions belonging to Lombardy. &., CHINA AFFAIRS, ‘The officia} correspondence between the British govern- Ment and ita officials in China relative to the mea- sures taken for the ratification of the treaty et Pekin, is published. The Hon. Colonol Bruce, British Ambassador, states positively that if Admiral Hope had expressed any doubt as tothe re- sult of attempting to force the passage of the Pelho, they Would not haye been shared by the squadron; and if it be decided that the means at command were insufficient to justify 80 bold a Hne of policy Col. Bruce accepts the re- sponsibility of Admiral Hope’s act. Tord John Russell's reply virtually approves of the course taken, and says that preparations are being made in conjunction with the French government to enable the forces to support the Plenipotentiaries in their instrue- tions. Col. Bruce, in one of his letters, shows the position oc- cupied by Mr. Ward, the American Minister, and ex- pressed the opinion that the Chinego will not make diffieut- ties about exchanging ratifications with him, as the condi- tions under which the American Minister is alone entitled to visit Pekin contain nothing offensive to Chinese pride. Col. Bruce expresses much gratification at tho friendly feeling and assistance experienced from Mr. Ward and Flag Officer Tatnall, and concludes as follows:— “Str. Ward’s position is one of considerable difficulty, nor dol see, after our unsuccessful attempt at Peiho, that any coureg was open save the one which he has adopted. He has acted cordially and frankly in the spirit of his declarations at Hong Kong, and it is a matter of satisfaction tome that his concert in our Is astrong argument in favor of the conduct pursued by M. Bourbolon and myself.” GREAT BRITAIN. No further change in the Great Eastern programme is announced. She will probably leave Portland on the day the Europa sails, and arrive at Holyhead on the 11th. Her departure for America depends entirely upon circum- stances. Numerous steamers and excursion trains are advertised to leave Liverpool, &c., to visit the big ship. ‘The cotton brokers of Liverpool, and the manufacturers of Manchester, are again raising a loud cry against the Practice of mixing sand, dust, &c., with American cotton. ‘Tho Brokers’ Association of Liverpool presented a memo- rial to the American Chamber of Commerce on the sub- Ject, requesting the Chamber to use its influence to stop the practice. The memorial says that in Iast year’s imports the sand and dust would in all probability form a portion equivalent to the weight of a hondred thousand bales, and that the admixture caused a depreciation in the value of cotton greater than was pro- porttonal tothe sand and dust. The American chamber recognized the igyportance of the movement, and the me- morial is to be printed for circulation in the United States. ‘The London ?émes says that fabricators of false coin are ery active either in Mexico or the United States, more than the ordinary proportion of dollars recently received: ‘via New York having been found bad. It is rumored that government is disposed to reconsider the recent decision postponing the esjablishment of the new mail service to Anstralia via Panama. The London Daily News, of the evening of the 7th inst.» Says:—The demand for money to-day increased. There ‘were no gold operations at the bank, FRANCE. ‘The Paris Patrie saya a special corps of fifteen hundred men are soon to be formed and sont to Egypt, thence to be conveyed by steamers to China. ‘ Tho Prussian Ambassador at Paris was at Biarritz, a& woll as Lord Cowlew. ‘The Bishop of Orloans, in joining tho ultramontane demonstration in course of execution by French Bishops, on account of affairs in Italy, hinted at the possible ia- vasion of Ireland by General McMahon. Tas Landon Herald's Parls correspondeat aays 4