The New York Herald Newspaper, October 20, 1859, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD. eee JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. COBNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON 878. the eotlt Be ot the cash in adance, Money sent by mat? risk of Postage dampe not received as "HERALD on Wednesday, at four cente por ¥ CORRESPONDENCE, containing important aRB ‘any of the world: Y wad, Sen Fostuny Cocemaroriaes Aes ‘NO OTICE saben of anonymous correepondance, Wedo not dn the ‘Husavp, Fair SR Raa man compen onde ’ Volwme XXIV esessessssessceessssseese+-BOs 904 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. NIBLO’S GARDEN, Brosdway.—Borw 10 Goop Loce— as Hove x SeyuiecLasest Fuom Naw Yous. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Taxeu Res Mex—PaivA- ‘TeE8 AND YEE Primate. Chanson rea Taino" Youne Aove WALLACK’S THEATERS, Broadway.—Fast Max or run LAURA KEENE’S THEATRE, 6% Broadway.—Munsum- use Micat’s Dasan. ‘Bond street.— NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Tux Max ix tum Inu Mabe—GOLDEN Aaa CROWN FRAOR, THRATRE FRANCAIS, 586 Broadway—Don D’Avrmous. Joan BARBNUMWS AMERICAN MUSEUM. Broadway.—Aftr- poon—Dome Girt oy rae In Barvecroom. Evening—Ovr or ras Darras. i WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 685 Broadway.—Erntortan Sonce, Danoxs, 40.—Danon anv Priaus. BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS, Mechanics Hall, 472 Broadway.— Bussmsquas, Sones, Dances, &0.—Hor or Fasuion. = COOPER INSTITUTE.—Paor. Mircuew’'s Leocons on = TRANSLATION OF THE SUM AND SoLaR Sysrem THROUGH ce. P-~-al HALL, 663 Broadway.—Taiopon's THEATRE OF RB. TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Thursday, October 20, 1859. MAILS FOR THE PACIFIC. New York Herald—California Edition. ‘The mail steamship North Star, Capt. Jones, will leave this port this afternoon, at three o'clock, for Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts of tho Pacific will close at one o'clock this afternoon. ‘The New Yorx Wematy Hursip—California edition— containing the latest intelligence from all parts of the world, will be published at eleven o’clock in the morning. Single copies, in wrappers, ready for mailing, six cents. Agents will please send in their orders as early as pos- ibis. The News. By the arrival of the Europa at Halifax yester- @ay we have European news to the morning of the Sth inst., three days later than the accounts re- ceived by the Great Britain, and also late advices from India and South America. Nothing of importance had transpired respecting the peace negotiations, but it wasexpected that a treaty would be signed at Zarich on the 10th or 12th inst. The accounts as to the belligerent aspect of affire in Italy and France, received by the two or three last steamers, appear to have been greatly exaggerated. ‘The official correspondence of Col. Bruce, the British Minister to China, relative to the action at the river Peiho, had been published. He approves of the course pursued by our Minister, Mr. Ward. Several disasters to American vessels are re- Ported. The particulars are given in our summary of the news. The London money market sad the Liverpool American produce markets had undergone no change of importance. The disturbances at Harper’s Ferry are at an end. Quiet is restored to that romantic village, and soon things will resume their usual appearance there. The five prisoners who fell into the hands Court opens there tomorrow. Brown, who is not dangerously wounded, is smong them. They are to be prosecuted by the State, and, in case of their not being convicted capitally,are to be handed conspi- and letters and documenta which show. Gerrit Smith, Joshua R. Giddings, Fred, Dougiase, and other notorious abolitionists and republicans to have been mixed up in the Brown also made » full statement to Gov. The connection of Gerrit Smith with the is curiously foreshadowed in. his recent to the managers of the Jerry Rescue cele- in which he speaks confidently of the im- minence of servile insurrectionary movements in the South. This letter is printed elsewhere, as it serves, along with the Rochester programme of ‘Wm. H. Seward, to lead to a full appreciation of the objects of Brown and his crazy followers. The quadrilateral journal of this city, which is always pretending to give news in advance of all its neighbors, has recently shot terribly ahead in regard to the late Senator Broderick’s property. It has just made s statement to the effect that the Geceased had left a property varying from $100,000 to. $200,000 in value, and that by his will he gave $15,000 to the Protestant and Catholic Orphan Asylums of San Francisco, with certain other muni- ficent bequests to his friends. Now that the Cali- fornia journals have reached us, we find that thore is not the slightest truth in the statement. The Property of Mr. Broderick does not, in fact, reach $50,000, as has been shown in the Probate Court of Sen Francisco. Besides, so far from having the bequests invented by the quadrila- journal, it bas been farther shown that Mr. Broderick died without making a will at all, 59 that the charitable institutions whose hopes and ‘of substantial aid have been raised and flattered by the unfounded statement will have the Opportunity of discovering how ‘they have been deceived by the latest quadrilateral The Republican County Convention met last night, and nominated Isaac O. Dayton, of the Sixteenth ward, for Jndge of the Supreme Court; John Slos- Son and Erastus C. Benedict, for Judges of the Su- FEE fu Perior Court; Charles C. Nott, for Judge of Com- aa Pleas Court; a. J. Dieffenhoeffer, for Judge of Court, and James Davis for Supervisor br Grermee, then adjourned. a ope. Commisai Jellinghaus expressed a desire to have the races laid over for a week to afford him an Opportan! of presenting « minority report on the aides ce booking, and the frauds practised upon emigrants by that system, as there was much of the report with which he did not agree. After Considerable warm discussion, in which Mr. Jellinghaus plainly intimated that the Board countenancod the frauds on emigrants, his motion wns finally agreed to, NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1859.—TRIPLE Mr. Crabtree reported the complaint of « family who were defrauded of eight dollars by an agent of the McDonnell firm in Europe, and the subject was referred to Mr. Jellinghaus. The number of emi- grants arrived during the week was 1,666, making the number for the present year 64,197. The ba- Tance of the commutation fund is now $27,456 29. The only jary trial that took place in the General Sessions yesterday was a charge of felonious assault and battery preferred against Hugh Donohue, he having struck his wife with a hatchet. He wascon- Wvted of an assault with intent to do bodily harm, and the Recorder sent him to the State prison for five years. Louis Grafenstein, guilty of petit lar ceny, was sent to Blackwell's Island for six months. Wm. H. Sally pleaded guilty to a similar offence, and was sent to the penitentiary for the samo period. Peter and Bridget Burns were convicted of an assault on Henry Hart, and remanded for sen- tence. Owen Quin, one of the witnesses for the de- fence, was committed for perjury, he having par- tially admitted that he told falsehoods. The Board of Education had the Bible question before them in a new phase last evening. A reso- lution waa offered by Mr. Glover to pay the teachers whose salaries have been withheld. It was ob- Jected to. A resolution to suspend the rules was then offered ; but another to lay on the table took precedence of it, and the subject was tempo- rarily put to rest, the motion to lay it on the tablo being carried by a vote of 22 against 13. Several legacies have been recently bequeathed to the Board of Education, which we publish with onr re- port elsewhere. Tho receipta of beef cattle having fallen off about 1,000 head during the past weok, a more active de- mand prevailed, and holders were enabled to ob- tain an advance of half a cent a pound, prices ranging from 6}. to 10c. a 10}c. Cows and calves are in request at previous rates. Veal calves were active at full prices, Sheep and lambs have been very plenty, but have sold about as fast as they ar- rived. Swine were unchanged. There were on sale 3,053 cattle, 195 cows, 586 veals, 15,615 sheep and lambs and 5,140 swine. The cotton market was firmer yesterday, and some bro- kers called middling uplands an sc. higher. We how- ever repeat quotations in another column. The sales em: braced 600 a 700 bales. There was a rumor in the street to the effect that a house in the trade had received a tele. grapic despatch from Memphis, Tennesseo, announcing the Occurrence of frost in that vicinity, Auother despatch, received from Savannah, made no allusion to frost. The latter town, however, is farther couth and of less altitude than Memphis. The probability is, that the present cold ‘‘enap’’ may have resulted iu the advent of frost more or less severe in some sections of tho cotton country, and especially on high lands. Flour was quite activeand frm- er for common shipping brands. The sales footed upabout 26,000 bbis., part for export. Wheat was more active, ‘and free sales were made at rates given in another Place. Corn was steady, with moderate sales, including mixed at 81 and Jersey yellow at 983;c. Pork was firm, with Sales of mess at $25 8 a $15 373;, and of prime at $10 76. Beef and lard were steady, Tho sales of sugars to the trade and by auction embraced about 600 hhds, and 100 boxes, at prices given in another place. Rio colfee was firmly held, while sales were limited to 200 bags Maracaibo and 160 do. Java, at rates given elsewhere, ‘The shipments of flour to England comprised about 8,000 bbls, as follows:—4,000 to London at 28. 3d., 3,000 to Liverpool at 23. and 1,500 to Glasgow at 2s. 6d. — -_ /The Outbreak at Harper's Ferry=Com- Plicity of Leading Abolitionists and Black Republicans. Our Washington and Baltimore despatches published in our columns to-day cive a full, interesting and highly significant account of the closing scenes of the insurrection set on foot at Harper’s Ferry. The affair, which was commenced on Sunday night last, was sup- pressed so s00n as the regular troops could reach the scene of action. The five prisoners who fell into the hands of the troops, including Ossawattomie Brown, whose wounds are said not to be dangerous, were sent yesterday un- der a strong escort to Charlestown, Va., where they ere to be tried for murder. The Circuit Court opens to-day. Indictments will be found, and the trials will take place imme- diately. In Brown’s house was found quite a megazine of arms and ammunition, besides the constitution and ordinances of the conspirators, and other papers, implicating Gerrit Smith, Joshua R. Giddings, Fred. Douglass, and other abolitionists and black republicans, The President, and the officers and troops acting under his orders, have acted in the mat- ter with a degree of promptitude which de- serves the thanks of the country. That the end of the conspirators will be the end of a rope, an ignominious death without even the empty honors of martyrdom, no one can doubt for an instant. The attempt of Brown and his men was re- markable in more ways than one, In the first place, he was a notorious Kangas-shrieker—one whose had more than once been dipped in bi blood. He finally left Kansas and came to the East, where Mr. Seward’s Emi- gration Aid Society friends supplied funds wherewith to stir up a servile insurrection in Virginia, which it was expected would extend throughout the border slave States. The Sharp’s rifles bought for Kansas by the Seward men were to be placed in the hands of the slaves, who were expected to rob and shoot down their masters, thus beginning the “irre- pressible conflict” to which Mr. Seward alluded in his brutal and bloody Rochester manifesto. But although Brown and his eighteen com- rades managed to seize the government ar- mory, where no less than two hundred men are constantly employed, an@ to hold possession ofatown of some three or four thousand in- habitants from Sunday night till Monday even. ing, the affair was a miserable failure. The slaves, without exception, refused to join in it, Brown had but four or five blacks under his com- mand, and they were freemen. This fact shows very plainly that the negroes themselves are Not ready to accept what Mr. Gerrit Smith Calls their last resort. As tothe whites of the Seward school, there can be but little doubt that had Brown beeaable to hold outa few days longer, his standard would have received nu- merous accessions from the North and West. The “irrepressible conflict” would then have heen commenced, and before it could have ended much bloodshed would have ensued. Such was undoubtedly the Seward programme, Thus the affair at Harper's Ferry is one of the straws that show which way the political wind blows. Its lesson should not be misun- derstood. Let the Southern opposition mem- bers of Congress, when they come to the organization of the House, not forget the Har- per’s Ferry outbreak and the lesson it teaches them. That Mr. Seward is the arch-ngita- tor who is responsible for this insusrection no one who has read his Rochester manifesto can deny. That his elevation to the Presidency would stimulate seryile insurrections all over the Southern country, fs likewise beyond per- adventure, Mr. Seward once in the White House, his doctrines, howsoever fanatical, or brutal, or bloody, or cruel they may be, haye 4 degree of importance and weight which they can obtain in no other way; and while we should be among the last persons in the world to predict anything like real danger to the Unio of the States or the security of all our people in the enjoyment of their homes and the peace- ful possession of their properties, of whatever kind they may be, yet it must be admitted that the election of Seward would act ag a pow- erful incentive to men of the Brown, stamp. ‘The leading Seward organ in this city is quite lachrymose over Brown, and the abolitionists all mourn for him as for a chief in Israel fallen, in the front of the battle. oni ‘Tho Meeting at Now Rochelle=Fernando ‘Wood on the “Irrepressible Conflict.” The report in another column of the meeting at New Rochelle, ratifying the democratic no- minations for State and county officers, shows how deeply the popular heart of the country is stirred against the brutal and bloody doctrine of an “irrepressible conflict” between the Northern and Southern States of the Union. It is evident that both the speakers and the hearers appreciated the great point of the poli- tical conflict now goimg on. Mr. Wood in his address touched the commercial and interna- tional bearings of the subject with the skill of ® statesman, and the manner in which his re- marks were’ received shows that the question comes heme to the bosom of the people. In the commercial aspect, no greater question was ever presented to popular consideration. The markets that the South opens to the products of Northern industry are as necessary to its pros- perity as are the skilled hands which ply the machines, and the machines which increase the value of the labor. Close the Southern markets, and millions of dollars which are now in active employment as manu- facturing and commercial capital, and hundreds of thousands of men that are now busy supplying their demands, would be thrown back upon the community to compete for the supply of the Northern markets, which again draw a portion of their life from South- ern labor. And the markets of the South will be closed if we destroy the bond of labor there, and break up the social organization. No community can go through such commotion and live. Its constituents must be returned to their original elements, and a new assimilation and arrangement take place if the present in- stitution of domestic slavery is destroyed. In a word, society must be returned to barbarism before the new order of things could flourish. This is the point of international relation so ably handled by Mr. Wood. The statesmen of England see in the steady prosperity of this Union the coming destruction of the theories of class government and aristocratic privileges which they have so long supported. They see clearly that the surest blow against that prosperity will be the one struck at one of ita vastest elements; and therefore are they so will- ing to clasp hands with Seward, and to encour- age him and his followers to strike that blow. They have talamounsel with the Cataline of America, because they knew full well the Political results of the councils he urges upon his country. They have had a prac- tical experience of them in the effect they pro- duced upon the British West Indies. These have been reduced to a political and industrial nonentity by the very measures which Seward would have the Congress of the United States apply to the States south of Mason’s and Dix- on’s line, Had the West Indian colonies borne the same proportionate relation to the British em- pire that the Southern States hear to the Union, the effects which negro emancipation would have produced upon the home industry of Eng- land would have caused a bloody revolution there. Its meagre proportions reduced and de- layed the reaction, but it has not been less con- clusive. The common sense of that country rejects the teachings of the self-styled humani- tarians, and Exeter Hall has sunk to the level of contempt. Manchester and Birmingham have lost the West Indian markets for their fa- brics, and London and Liverpool see no more the fleets from there which once gladdened the hearts of their merchants. A few fanatics still cling to the exploded remnants of their theo- ries, but their only followers are the senseless dowagers and'the thoughtless children of the Sunday schools. The destruction of our South- ern markets for the products of industry would produce a similar revulsion here, but wider and more fatal in its effects. We must prevent the result, rather than permit and lament it. Tue Water TROUBLES IN BrooxLyy.—Our neighbors across the river have no sooner real- ized their pet project which was to do such wonders for their city than it has involved them in difficulties. They have got into hot water when they expected to have luxuri- ated in cold. The cause of their troubles is half of their own making and half the work of politicians. They were in such a hurry to com- pete with New York in the matter of a water supply that they did not take time to properly digest their engineering plans. Under the au- thority of the charter the original contracts en- tered into provided merely for an open canal between the reservoirs. After the works had made some progress this waa deemed objection- able by the Board of Water Commissioners, and it was decided that a closed conduit would be preferable. It should in fairness be stated that in this opinion the Board was supported by many influential citizens, corroborated by the experience of other water works, In those of Philadelphia and Boston great complaints were in the beginning made of the ex- posed structure of the water ducts, and of the facilities which thoy afforded for the introduction of foreign substances, either by mischievously disposed persons or by accident. This last summer we ourselves had a sample of the annoyance that. may be occasioned even by so apparently harmless an element as sub-aqueous vegetation. Under all the circumstances, therefore, it would probably have been the wisest thing for the Common Council to have decided in the beginning on the more expensive of the two plans eubmit- ted to them. They however did not consider themselyes warranted in authorizing the in- crease which it would occasion in the original estimates, and if they erred, they certainly erred on the side on which corporators are not usually to be found, Under the assumed authority of the act which was pushed through the Legislature in April last by a political effort, the new Board of Water Commissioners constituted by it en- tered into s contract for a closed conduit, in Place of the open canal, without reference to the Common Council. They also fixed the amount of the water rates, and proceeded to levy them, although it is claimed that the Com- mon Council have, under the act of 1857, the sole power to fix and control them. Under hese cireumstances the City Comptroller re- fused to pay the drafts of the Commissioners for the construction of the works, and this has led to a threat by the contractors that they will top the engine by whioh the water is pumped into the reservoir, and thus leave the city without its supply, unless the money be forthcoming. There is, consequently,. great excitement amongst those who have pald the water tax,and the matter has been carried into the courts. There is no doubt that a de- cision will be given similar to that rendered in the case of the Croton dam, in which it was held that the Water Commissioners were only the agents of the Corporation, and had no power to constfuct such works without their authority. ‘The above facts furnish another illustration of the readiness with which means are found, through the aid of the politicians, to get round the provisions of the most stringent charters, and to defeat the precautions taken to prevent unauthorized expenditures of the public money. The Water Commissioners of Brooklyn have in all their proceedings evinced « disposition to throw off the control of the city authorities, and it is for the interest of the public that they should be taught that an act of the Legislature obtained by unfair influences will not be al- lowed to override constitutional safeguards. Our November Election and the Next Pre- sidency. The State of New York is the only remaining hope against a Northern sectional struggle for the Presidency. Within the last twelve months, including New York, it may be said that every Northern State this side the Rocky Mountains has gone by the board. All these late North- ern elections, from Maine to Minnesota, indi- cate a general sectional crusade in 1860 against the “peculiar institution” of the South, or, as designated by our republican organs, the “slave oligarchy” and the “slave power.” This crusade by the republican party, as a sectional anti-slavery organization, can only be prevent- ed, we apprehend, by a popular reaction against W. H. Seward and his revolutionary Presidential programme in our November State election. The prospects for this popular reaction, it must be admitted, are anything but encourag- ing or satisfactory. The moral effect of all the late elections goes against any such reaction in a State where the republican party is consider- ed firmly seated in power, and as possessing the resources for a popular majority equal to all demands. On the other side, the treache- ries, trickeries, corruptions and debaucheries of the Albany Regency and Tammany Hall have 80 demoralized and disorganized the democratic party that it has entered into the work of this campaign without confidence or courage, but full of the symptoms and fears of a crushing defeat. And yet the New York democracy are now called upon to suspend for a few weeks their local quarrels and personal feuds, in order to rescue the State and the Presiden- tial election from the control of a sectional disunion agitator and his followers; and this good work may possibly be done. In the first place, although the party was in a disordered, dispirited and wrangling condi- tion last year, the democratic candidate for Governor received some thirty-five thousand votes more than were cast for Mr. Buchanan in the State in 1856. These votes were, doubt- less, to @ very great extent, drawn from the dissolving American party. But there were still in the game election some sixty thousand votes cast for the American State ticket. These sixty thousand votes of a party now disbanded may be wielded to turn the election one way or the other, or half-and-half, as arranged by the silly triumvirate of Ulimann, Scroggs and Brooks, in their late Convention at Utica. We have reason to believe that very few of these sixty thousand Know Nothings have any faith in Seward, and that a large majority of them can never be brought to gupport him for the Presidency upon any terms. Why, then, if they would dispose of him, and place him on the shelf among the political fossil remains of an age gone by—why not at once turn the vote of New York into a rebuke, instead of an endorsement of his Presidential pretensions? In the next place, this recent abolition affair in Virginia should act as a warning to all con- servative, law-abiding and Union-loving men of the North in reference to the disunion tenden- cies and dangers of the slavery agitation. We dare say, now, that the Southern States in the Charleston Convention will repudiate every- thing in the way of a candidate or platform which does not clearly afford some positive se- curities of protection to Southern slavery. It is very probable that the democracy at Charleston will thus be constrained to accept @ candidate and platform so decidedly pro- slavery as to encourage the republicans of the North to confine the Presidential contest to the “slave oligarchy” and the “aggressions and demands of the slave power.”’ The result of a contest of this character would unquestionably be the defeat of the South, and the election of an anti-slavery Pre- sident from the North; and this result would doubtless be the signal for secession and revo- lutionary movementsin the South, which would soon ripen into a civil war. But this sectional battle for the next Presidency may be prevent- ed by the conservative people of New Yorkin our November election, and by the simple act of casting their suffrages so that they shall se- cure a judgment from the Empire State against W.H. Seward and his abominable disunion and insurrectionary principles. Otherwise we may as well prepare now as next year for the most embittered, perilous, mischievous and: disas- trous sectional agitation of slavery, morally, politically and financially, North and South, in all the history of this vexed question. Let Seward be rebuked, and the Sayth may be con- vinced that she is still secure under the shelter- ing wings of the constitution. And we call upon our Union-loving men of all parties to remember this in our November election. Tue Recistration or Vorers—INpIFvERENCE or tae Prorté.—We publish in another column an account of the registration of voters under the new Registry law, which took place on Tuesday. The people seem to have taken little or no interest in the matter. The number of voters who presented themselves to the re- gistrars wax comparatively small, and there appeared to ye no small amount of confusion and mystification as to the exact duties of the registrars. Perhaps the indifference manifested was due to the fact that a general impression prevailed that all those whose names appear on the poll list of the last general election aro not required to make personal application for re- gistry; and such seems to be the meaning of the new law. All voters, however, who have SHEET. ... changed their residenceseince the last election— of which doubtless there are a large number— we presume should have applied for registra- ton, and in case of their failure to do so, there may be some trouble and delay In voting on election day. In any event, we think it quite likely that considerable confusion will result ton th nga plece of legislation when voters present themselves at the polls at the November election. “Map Brown's Ineuxsacrioy,”—This {s the term by which the late bloody affair at Har- per’s Ferry is designated by the republican organs, now that it has been proved a sad failure; but it cannot be forgotten that this man Brown was a representative in Kansas of the Massachusetts Emigrant Aid Sooiety during all the trouble there, and that all the outrages in which he and others then participated were austained and applauded by the republican papers at the time. Brown was the recipient and keeper of the arms and munitions of war contributed by the abolition Aid Society to | plunge Kansas into bloodshed and anarchy, aa 8 proved by the fact that he. used these same arms in his late desperate attempt in Virginia, It is pretended that the insurrection at Har- per’s Ferry was an isolated affair, o@acocted by Brown himself, without the knowledge of the republican abolition leaders, and that it hadno ramifications anywhere else. It is true that a few of the conservative portion of the repub- lican party thought that the Kansas disturbers were going too far, and that the same olass look with abhorrence upon this Iate san- guinary attempt at Harper's Ferry; but we think it is quite probable that the va- rious Garrisonian and Seward cliques were well aware that it was pre-arranged; in fact, that such an opening of the “irrepressible con- flict” was desired, though their organs now talk of it as “Brown’s crazy insurrection,” and “Mad Brown’s insurrection,” and describe its leader as Old Ossawattomie Brown, and call him a misguided fanatic, and so forth; but atthe same time they go as far to justify his act as they dare ; and when his trial comes on, then we shall probably see by whose authority “Mad Brown” acted. That the insurrection was the work of mad impulse rather than of a preconceived plan, is disproved by the admission of Brown himself ; that it was designed as far back as June, 1856, and by the other fact, that in August last the Secretary of War was informed of the whole plan, exactly as it has been carried out, in a letter which appeared in the Heratp of yes- terday. We have no doubt that it was Brown’s deli- berate intention to use the arms which he had brought from Kansas for this treasonable pur- pose ; that he calculated upon seizing the United States arsenal, and thus supply the slaves of Virginia and Maryland with weapons and ammunition, in the hope that they would flock to his standard in thousands, by which he would be enabled either to run them off into the free States, or to incite a general servile insurrection, and possibly hold Maryland and Virginia until he proclaimed a provisional government, or some nonsense of that sort. There is no doubt that the scheme was a very “mad” one, and could not have succeeded in any event; but there is just as little doubt, we think, that Old Ossawattomie neither conceived nor attempted it without aid and counsel from other quarters. In short, had Brown succeeded in his atro- cious purpose, instead of failing miserably, as he fortunately did, his friends and abettors, in- stead of stigmatizing him as a madman, would have enshrined his name as a hero; he would, possibly, have found a place in their estimation equal to that of Washington. The truth is that it is not the act of Brown and his followers which the republican papers now condemn, but the mistake which he made in selecting the wrong time for the attempt. Even asit is, they make ® very poor attempt to disguise the fact that it is not the spirit which animated this misguided traitor they find fault with so much as the in- opportune moment at which the attempt was made and the ill success which attended it. Our LEowLATORS AND THE INFLUENCES Brovout to Beak on TaEM.—National and State and municipal legislators in this country have, unfortunately, got into bad odor with the com- munity. A Congressman, particularty from the Northern and Western States, is usually a personage whose integrity does not rank very high in the public estimation; and as for an Alderman, the title is about as reproachful a one as that of rowdy. In fact, of late years, the terms have been growing to be synony- mous. But of all the legislative bodies in the land, federa), State or municipal, none stand in worse repute than the Legislature of this State. And deservedly so. For the last three or four years they have not only been trampling on the rights of the people, have not only been barter- ing away the municipal privileges of this city, have not only been foisting on us hordes of de- cayed politicians as Police Commissioners, Har- bor, Commissioners, and other officials, but they have been plotting to give over the State, bound hand and foot, to the Juggernaut car of William H. Seward and the other apostles of abolitionism. Of course it is unnecessary to say that our State Legislature has been corrupt and dis- honest. It has been, if possible, a little worse in those respects than our own Common Coun- cil. The lobby members flourished as they used to flourish at Washington in those good times when Simonton was the vote broker of the republican members, and the immaculate Matteson their file-leader. Under the auspices of such a schemer as Seward it could not have been otherwise. The lobby force was recog- nized as a great power in the State, and be- came familiarly known as the Third House. But our progress is still downward. It goes on from bad to worse. The reputation of State legislators has become so bad that decent men would almost as soon become candidates for a bunk in Sing Sing as for a seat in the Capitol at Albany, And the Third House has extended its operations so greatly, and has grewn so om- nipotent, that now, instead of depending upon their influence over the members themselves, they go to the fountain head, and dictate to the primary assemblies and nominating conven- tions as to who shall be the nominees of their respective parties. In this way they obviate the possibility of any difficulty in carrying their plans at Albany, and take care that the right sort of men for their purposes are sent there. The plan has the advantage of cheap- ness. A few hundred dollars can generally make the thing all right with a primary meet- ing; ond then, the baser the material provided, the less will be its cash value. —_— : feated in his aspirations for the Presidency, as all good oltizens hope ke will be, then they will want to re-elect him to the Senate; and te the other event they will want to All his place with one of the same atamp. It is for these reasons that we should try tebe properly represented at Albany; but the belief that we cannot be has grown to be a fixed idea in th minds of the:people, We fear there ia too u.. 2 cause for that belles, : aR ARRIVAI/ OF THE EUROPA. News from Europe, Asia and South America, Progress of the Peace Megotiations at Zurich. STATE OF AFFAIRS IN ITALY. What the British Plenipotentiary in China Says of Minister Ward and Com. Tatnall, SHIPWRECK OF AMERICAN VESSELS, Cotton, Breadstuffs and -Provi- sions Steady, &., &e, SAOKviLiB, N. B., Oct. 10, 1860, The steamship Europa, Capt. Leitch, from Liverpool, at 9A. M. of the 8th inst., arrived at Halifax at two o'clock: this morning, and sailed thence at 9:30 A. M. for Boston, where sho will be due to-morrow afternoon. The horse express, with her news, arrived here this evening. ‘The following disasters to American ships are re- ported:— ke ‘The ship American Congress ran aground near the Ower’s Light, in the English Channel, on the 6th inst. Assistance was sent from Portsmouth and it was supposed. sho was got off and towed to Spithead. The amount of damage done is not known. ‘The Cairo, from New York for Rotterdam, ran ashore on South Pampus on the 4th, but no particulars have been recolved. * The Lancaster, from San Francisco for Australia, foundered at Malaki.on July 10. The crew wore saved. ‘The United States frigate Constellation and steamer Sumpter were at St. Vincent's Sept. 23. ‘The steamship Kangaroo, from New York, arrived ot Queenstown on the 6th, and at Liverpool the evening of the following day. ‘The steamship Ocean Queen arrived at Southampton at noon of the 7th. ‘The steamship Persia arrived at Liverpool early on the morning of the 8th. THE TREATY OF PEACE. Nothing further has been received regarding the pre- ceedings at Zurich, beyond the general assertion that pre- gress continued to be made towards signing the treaty ef Peace. It is said that the treaty will be complicated, and will leave Austria a door open to quarrel with Piedmont ‘The Paris Constitutionnel contains an article by ita chief editor, stating that the Preliminaries at Villafranca had rescued Italy from evory-foreign intervention, no matter under what name or from what Power it might come, France confines herself to giving Italians proper advice, f followed by them, that advice would have insured the Troeperity of Central Italy; but having in vain offered : dvice she G0 80 far as to dictate orders to Italy. ‘The latest yeporte gay that the treaty between France and Austr: Probably be signed at Zurich on the 10th or 12th inst. Austria consented to sign on all questions belonging to Lombardy. &., CHINA AFFAIRS, ‘The oficia) correspondence between the British govern- Ment and ite officials in China relative to the mea- sures taken for the ratification of the treaty at Pekin, is published. The Hon. Colonel Bruce, British Ambassador, states positively that if Admiral Hope had expressed any doubt as tothe re- sult of attempting to force the passage of the Petho, they ‘Would not have been shared by the squadron; and if it be decided that the means at command were insuflicient to justify 80 bold a ine of policy Col. Bruce accepts the re- sponsibility of Admiral Hope’s act. Lord Join Ruasell’s reply virtually approves of the course taken, and says that preparations are being made in conjunction with the French government to enable the forces to support the Plenipotentiaries in their instruc- tions. Col. Bruce, in one of his letters, shows the position oc- cupied by Mr. Ward, the Amorican Minister, and ox- pressed the opinion that the Chincao will not make difficul- ties about exchanging ratifications with him, as the condi- tions under which the American Minister is alone entitled to visit Pekin contain nothing offensive to Chinese pride. Col. Bruce expresses much gratification at tho friendly feeling and assistance experienced from Mr. Ward aud Flag Officer Tatnall, and concludes as follows:— “Sir. Ward’s position is one of considerable difficulty, nor dol see, after our unsuccessful attempt at Peiho, that any couree was open save the one which he has adopted. He has acted cordially and frankly in the spirit of his declarations at Hong Kong, and it is a matter of satisfaction tome that his concert in our proceedings \sastrong argument in favor of the conduct pursued by M. Bourbolon and myself.” GREAT BRITAIN. No further change in the Great Fastern programme is announced. She will probably leave Portland on the day the Europa sails, and arrive at Holyhead on the 11th. Her departure for America depends entirely upon circum- stances. Numerous steamers and excursion trains are advertised to leave Liverpool, é&c., to visit the big ship. ‘The cotton brokers of Liverpool, and the manufacturers of Manchester, are again raising a loud cry against the practice of mixing sand, dust, &c., with American cotton. ‘The Brokers’ Association of Liverpool presented a memo- rial to the American Chamber of Commerce on the sub- Ject, requesting the Chamber to use its influence to stop the practice, The memorial says that in last year’s imports the sand and dust would in all probability form a portion equivalent to the weight of a hondred thousand bales, and that the admixture caused a im the value of cotton greater than was pro- porttonal tothe sand and dust. The American chamber recognized the issportance of the movement, and the me- morial ia to be printed for circulation in the United States. ‘The London ?imes says that fabricators of false coin are ery active either in Mexico or the United States, more than the ordinary proportion of dollara recently received ‘via New York having been found bad. ‘It is rumored that government is disposed to reconsider the recent decision postponing the exablishment of the new mail service to Anstralia via Panama. ‘The London Datly News, of the evening of tho 7th inat., Says:—The demand for money to-day increased, There ‘Wore no gold operations at the bank, FRANCE. Tho Paria Pairie says a special corps of fifteen hundred men are soon to be formed and gent to Egypt, thence to ‘be conveyed by steamers to China. The Prussian Ambassador at Paris was at Biarritz, as ‘woll as Lord Cowlew. ‘The Bishop of Orloans, tn joining tho ultramontane demonstration in course of execution by French Bishops, on account of affairs in Italy, hinted at the possible ia- vasion of Ireland by General McMahon. These legislators of ours have the control of Tuy Landon Herald's Paris gorrespondeut anys th. .