The New York Herald Newspaper, October 11, 1859, Page 3

a ee nn canna Nth en f iounoere: . Tey Cheores to accept ul od DY UG ax. ample of tha latter Pow: During the past ter made by cvapitatiate in mnvnieation fourm versels betw United States, ‘The most imp, 6 was that set on foot by a eotpany at Gouoa twoyears ago. The gont! Who formed tho ase ton bad such mea: prsal, and the ent Was planned on suet ceve. Four poworfal sevew steamers were butt in land for the ser equal regard bei 1 construction for passenger at tions. Tbelieee one or two ve not w New York, by tho ves: vst comple wh suddenly the project was abandoned and the vessels sold wt auction ata groat sac I perceiv mpt to establish such communication is ones more to be made. wore mate to F Without any previour annonnee:ent, with st an advertisement has appoared’ gi ¢ of steamers Would commences rani ef Leghorn to Now York, a vessel to leave every tw aya, the first one to commence her voyage on the 20th 0 resent month. The steamers are to be of 2,000 and 2, tons burden, and are to touch at Naples and the port ef Meesina, in the island of Sicily, bofore leaving the Me diterranean. The parties appear to be English; and it will f0on be demonstrated if a new trial under such auspices ‘will be successful. The trate betwoen America and the Mediterranean is already now considerable, and might and should be much increased. But by the establishment of steam lines by foreign companies is this commerce to bo allowed, in aay large measure, to pass from tiv control of the Am¢rican shipowners who now carry it on in sailing vessels? In every visit to Leghorn I find in that portfrom five to ten American vessels, discharging or receiving their @argoes, and these form only a portion of the large num- ber found in the different ports scattered along the coast of this great sea. Our vessels are always admired for their greater bulk, as well as their superior grace of form, more than thore of any other nation, and itis always a source of pride and pleasure to our wandering country- men to see the flay of the Empire of the West waving ‘over the broad decks, which are but floating fragments of our own inviolable territory. Let our shipmasters look to it, that a traffic which contributes so much to the wealth and strength of the country is not stolen away by the su- poerior foresight and energy of forcign competitors. Direct communication by steam with Italy will be found & great convenience to those Americans who for health or recreation may wish to make a landing on the southern Dorder of Europe, instead of touching first England or France, according to the present habit of most travellers. ‘At will no doubt become more and more the habit of fami- kes from our country who may wish to enjoy a residence ef a year or two in Italy, to make Florence, which offers vo many advan for study or society, the place where they will establish themeclves. Tho English, particularly, Rave shown their reciation of the advantages which are held out here instruction of the young in music and the languages, ting here in large numbers. y, of THE WAR IN CHINA. No Important Movement in the Pciho— Position of the Allied Squadron—The United States Minister is Said to be in Pekin and in Confinement—One Thousand Chinese Killed im the Late Fight—Treatment of the English Pri- soners—Admiral Hope Very I—The Out- break in Shanghaec—Markets, &c. The China mail, with dates from Hong Kong to August 10, had reached London. Nothing of any moment had occurred since the affair at the mouth of the Peiho. Two gunboats and asteamer remained in the Gulf of Peeheli, the rest of the defeated squadron being at anchor principally off the entrance of Ningpore river. ‘One of the Hong Kong newspapers statos that Mr. Ward, te American Plenipotentiary, was still on board his ship, ‘and as little Iskely to obtain the ratification of his treaty ‘as the English Minister. Another journal speaks of the probability of his having gone on to Pekin; and a Russian despatch published at St- Potersburg says he had arrived in Pekin, but was kept in confinement. Russian authority also states that the loss of the Chinese nb the affair at the Peiho forte was 1,000 killed. The num- Der of wounded was not stated. ‘The Hong Kong correspondent of the London Times says that the repulse of the British had not produced any change in the relations with the Chinese. 1t was stated that some of the wounded were in the ‘ands of the Chinese, and were well treated, ‘The state of Admiral Hope’s health was serious, ‘There had been a serious emeute at Shanghae, in which ‘weveral foreigners had been killed and others wounded. Among the latter was Mr. Interpreter Fay, who was in a precarious state. The riot is said to have arisen from the kidnapping of coolies for a French vessel, but the master of the vessel asserts that the Chinese on board attempted to rob him, and that he was compelled to fire upon them im self defence. The French Minister ordered the coolic ship into port for a strict investigation of the case. At Hong Kong exchange was quoted at 4s. 10\¢d. a 4s..11}¢d. A moderate business was doing there and a Canton, and at Foo-Chow-Foo news from the north led to some speculation in tea. AtfShanghae exchange was 68. id. a 7%. 4d. New black teas were thirty per cent higher than those of the previous season, while the quality was generally some- what irferior. Tonnage was abundant. Freights to New York were $6 for tea and $15 for silk giece goods. PREPARATIONS FOR THE COMING WAR WITH CHINA. It was stated that Sir Hope Grant is to have command ef the English expeditionary force to China, and that ten thousand men are to be sent from India, but none from England. It was announced that the French force for China will consist of five thousand troops of the line, fifteen thousand ‘marines, six large steam transports, four sailing frigates, and six first class apt six second class gunboats. Another authority says that the expedition will number from ten to twelve thousand men. The Policy of the Western Powers Towards China. ‘THE PREPARATIONS OF FRANCE FOR A CAMPAIGN. {Translated for the New York Heratp from the Paris Journal des Debats of September 16.) We learn from the Moniteur that the government of France and England are concerting measures to inflict a terrible vengeance for the insult which has just been offer- ed to their flags and their Ambassadors. It is unneces- ‘sury for us to say that we entirely concur in the measures ‘@at wil! be taken by the two great Powers to inflict an ex- emplary chastisement upon barbarians who have ‘been guilty of so.scandalous a violation of the law of na- tions. If we had any yoice in the matter we would exert all our influence to have the new expedition, which has ‘een rendered necessary, made on a grand scale, so that it might produce results evident to all eyes, and that the de- ceitful habits of the Chinese government might not dimi- nish in the eyes of the people the importance of the les- gon which it will have received. ‘We mado peace last year after our succeases at the Peiho, and we see now in what the treaties that were then obtained have resulted. ‘This time peace must be signed at Pekin, and only after. ‘we shall have entered into it as conquerors. That is the only way of not being obliged to resortto a-series of small expeditions, which at the end cost more than a serious campaign; and we shall at least have some time before being compelled to recommence another. A proper use éf our power, and the determination not to act ‘till after having struck a grand blow, will Posten ‘upon | these barbarians more moral influence than would a Aywdred successful campaigns against their forts upon the coast. ‘What we ask appears to us to be so much the more ne. essary as nearly 2 year will elapse before.we can make the Chinese feel the weight of our arms. df punishment could follow the offence immediately, porhape it would be right to.act more quickly and not wait for reinforcements, from Enrope; but such is not the case. The force at pre- gent in the Chinese seas—English as well .as Fronch— 4s too inconsiderable to take the offensive. It will be enough for them to protect the European establishments ‘at Canton, Hong Kong, Ningpoo, Shanghae, &c., against ‘the insults which the imperial government, rendered still moore insulting by victory, will diroct against them. Besides, the present scason forbids the hope of being ble to commence seriously in tiie north of China before the middle of next spring. Pekin is situated in about the ‘same latitude as Naplos, but during the summer it suffers the same intense tt as Alexandria, in Fgypt, and during the winter, upon which we are soon to enter, it guffers the same degree of cold as Stockholm, in Sweden. Before undertaking a war in sucha climate it ‘will be necessary to make J Sige which have not xe been even thought of. ides, with everything ready regard to the persormel and material of war, we must still reckon upon this circumstance—that the news which hhas just been received, dated the latter days of June, and “that then the Ambassadors wero at Shanghae, and that if t# even wore possible to procure reinforcements at Canton ‘and Hong Kong, these reinforcements would not be ready to embark before the month of August; that js to say, at the h when the southern wind which would have brought em to Pekin ceases, and is replaced, after an interval of two or three woeks: calm, by the north wind, which weuld delay thoir voyage indefinitely. eas the mouth of the Tigris to that of the Poiho, the id ig not leas ‘and the expedition wren navigation of the the Pecheli is ag difficult as for a long distance impossible every attempt to land, Without doubt eome of the jer ships might, with their powerful machin a delays; but it “the ‘steam. vessels could do peg ys we pliner py pheieaee to ne ace next, r the when the Chineso governm 4 celve that chastigement it has proved, and: tho res must be in every sense proportioned to the outrage, as well as to the time which shall have elapsed hofure its in fiction. To reappear after eo longa time with a force yory little superior to that we had already employed, and te content ourselves by again accepting a treaty of e, and being satiefled with torms not much better than hose whith eatisfied us last year, would be to encourage the Chinese not to respect the treaty that we would im. pose upon tiem, aby more than they have respeoted the that wo treaty of Tien-tein. “Oh> they would gay, this t s, a year’s preparatief, all the force thatthe barba- s could murter agaiakt us. Well, it is enough for 18 Ww demolish one or two batteries on we Twatds to have a piece of paver signed to of them for two years—let us sign aid Thas reasons Asiatic policy, which believes put foree, and it is therefore necessary to trext ing to its morality and according to the drift nok All this is very true, it may be said, but it is algo very | costly, But iv is Jess costly than it appears at first sight, for it really concerns only the sending to Pekin an army of a hundred thousand men, And if tho expericnce which we have had of the {| Chinese give vs the right of expressing an opinion, we | would say that a landing force ot 25,000 men would com- | pletely eultce to obtain the resulte we propose as the ob- ject of the new expedition. ‘That would make 12,500 mon to be furnished by each of the two Powers. That would be for us an ordinary division, with ite details of artillery, engineers and commissariat, ‘It might be well, perhaps, to join to it one or two squadrons of dragoons or of Afri- can chasseurs. Horses can be procured in the north of China. Tbe Mongols opposed us with cavalry last year, and by paying those who would be induced to bring us horces for purchase, we inight, without doubt, succeed in procuring teams for the artillery and in mounting a small body of 200 or 8300 men, who might render good service. But if it was considered indispensable to have at our dis- position a certain number of borses for the first day, the simplest plan would be to buy them at Manila, and to have them conveyed by one of the transports that have been constructed specially for that service, and that are capable of carrying three or four hundred horses. Py taking advantage of the southern wind, the yoy from Manila to Pokin might be made in eight or ten days. The horses on the Philippine Islands are small, but full of fire; and as to the artillery, it would need neither a great number of pieces, nor pieces of large calibre. The rifled mountain cunnon that were engaged in Kabyle would suffice for all the eventualities in the plains, as the Chi- nese would not bring guné with them. For at 8 upon fortified points our old pieces, capable of throwing 24 pound balls a distance of over 4,000 yards, would easil destroy ail the works of the Chinefe. The most deli- cate point would be the organization of the means oi! transporting matériel for the army. It must not be supposed, howover, that this organiza- tion presents very formidable’ difficulties, particularly if they are foreseen. Pekin is only thirty leagues from the sea, and is connected therewith by the river Petho, of which it would be necessary to take advantage. We know to-day that, from the Tien-tsin to the capital of the Celes- tial Empire, the depth of that river is only threo or four feet, and therefore it would be requisite to Provide flat boats to carry the material and the sick, and {t might also be well to furnish boats, with a certain number of steam engines and wheels, which might be set in position, like the steam gunboats that were constructed to navigate the lakes and rivers of Italy. As to the transport of the army itself to China, the greater part, if not the whole, might be put on board the old sailing vessels and frigates that are yet in use in the service, but by the engineers considered unfit for conver- sion into screw propellers, but which, with the deck guns removed, would make the best transports. It might, indeed, be useful to show these to the Chinese. Ignorant as they are of everything which concerns other nations, they are well informed, notwithstanding, upon everything relating to maritime affairs, and in this respect they consider us very interior to the English, from the fact that while the Jatter have sent their largest ships of the line into the Chinese waters, we have shown them only frigates. The best thing we could do, therefore, would bo to make use of the Hercules, the Jemappes, the Tagus, the Friedland, aud many others of the fine ships that we considered marvels in their days, and which now are threatened with being converted into mere receiving ships, although they are calculated to render good service at Bea upon occa- sions like the present. The commercial marine might transport the materials of war, and it would be well to employ for that service no sbips of less than five hundred tops burthen. Finally, by arranging that none of the veszels attached to the expedition would set out before the commencement of January next, they would be all assembled in the Chinese seas in time to profit by the first breath of the southern wind, which in nothing v would bring them in a fortnight to the’ mouth of the Peiho, and that would still leave us a delay of four months, certainly more than we require to fit out a divi- sion of infantry and to arm as transports fifteen old vessels and frigates. All this, it may be objected, involves great expense; Dut an objection of the kind can be thus auswered:—That after victory it will not be hard to make the Chinese pay the expenses of the war, even though Chusan and Pekin were to be occupied tii] after full payment, nor would it be inconvenient to do go in order to establish our superiority in the eyes of the Chinese, and thus prove to them that we can be, if we wish, something else to them than formid- able birds of passage. But there is another reason which appears to us stronger still in determining us to take the course which we advise ‘That reason is, that England witl certainly do no less, and it would be, therefore, but proper for us to show ourselves in every respect on a footing of equality. Declared partisans as we are of the English alliance to-day, as well as yesterday, we do not believe that this alliance could be maintained if one or other of the two Powers consented to accept, in any quarter of the world. conditions implying any inferiority whatsoever. England has in China more positive interests than we have our- selves, but it will depend solely and entirely upon our- selves to develope increased interests of commerce when we shall have the courage or good sense to get rid of the obstacles which, through our protective system, we have imposed upon ourselves, to the development of our ma- rine and of our foreign trade, Besides, since some years past, our relations with China have very much progressed, although we are still reduced, through the imperfection of our transmarine communication, to do our business there second hand. It is no less true, however, that there have been years we have bought from China more than fifty millions worth of raw silk, which has been imported to England by packet boats of the Peninsular and Orien- tal Company, and which England sold to us, with their own legitimate profit, but with a corresponding loss to us. These conditions must be changed. More , the irre- sistihle movement which drives the European races over the world, and the dissolution, now inevitable, of that go- vernment imposed 'ong since by the Mongolians upon 300 millions of men, will necessarily produce, and that within a shorter period than we think, the conquest of those vast regions by a people of a superior civilization. This will be one of the greatest events of history, more consider- able perhaps in its results than the conquest of the Indies, or even the discovery of America, and it is mimaportans to us that our country ghall hold itself always ly to play in those events the réle which is suitable to its power and rank in the world. The Policy of the Eastern Powers To- wards Europe. {Translated from the Journal des Debats, Sept. 21, for the New Yore Herat.) In former times—that is to say, still at tho end of the last century—when an ambassador of a Christian Power asked to present his letters of credit to the Sultan of Con- stantinople, the following ceremony generally took place. On the day designated by the astrologers as a lucky day, the Ambassador, with bis suite and a reasonable quantity of presents, alighted at the door of the old Seraglio. There he was reccived by some officers of the palace, who at first introduced him into one of the adjoining pavilions. and invited him to rest while one of them would go an inform the Suitan of his fortunate arrival. The Ambassa- dor was there detained as long a8 possible, so as to im- prees him with the conviction that be had to wait as an in- ferior personage, and as asupplicant. Then, when it was thought that he had been kept waiting long enough, the messenger came back to announce that his master had graciously received the Ambassador’s demand for an audience. The request for an audience had been transmitted to the Commander of the Believers, suc- cessor of the Caliphs, Padishah, Khan of the Khans, &., &c., in about the following words:—‘ Majesty, an unbeliever who says he has been sent by the prince of such or stich country, begs the honor of presen the tribute which his master sends to the ler of the Believers; and so great is the impudence of these people, that he dared also to solicit the favor of being admitted to your Sublime presence. Please your mercy to excuse the audacity of these unbelievers.” To this the Sultan answered that, as the unbeliever had brought tributes with him, bis mercy was willing to ac- cept them and even to receive the bearer who had come 60 far to present them. The messenger, moved by such extraordinary generosity, added then: ‘But, Lord, this uubeliever in approaching the States of your Highness has been obliged to pass through so many bar! countries, infested with men, similar to himself, that he hae suffered « great deal in his journey, and is now almost naked and nearly famished. Let him have to eat and be clothed, replied his Highness; let my Vizier take care of him previously to his introduction to me.” In order to act in accordance with these gencrous instructions, the officers finally begged the Ambassador to follow them to the palace of the Emperor, and after having led him through the yards and gardens, he was placed in presence of the Vizier or Reis Effendi, a title which wo translate by that of Secretary of Foreign Affairs, but which real - nifies nothing more than Minister of the Ray the considering as Rayas all those who are ussulmen. ‘This officer then reccived the Ambassador; and, to fulfill the conditions of the programme, they had ‘him pried with great quantities of perfumed water, had his shoes taken off to put on those used in the country; and after having clothod him with a furred robe, they invited bim to acollation. It was only when all that ceremonial ‘was performed that the unbelicver was introduced to the presence of the Commander of the Believers. The latter did not speak a word to him, but looking atthe things composing the tribute, ordered one of his the letters of the Ambassador or credentials, which he did not deign to touch himself, and broke up the sitting, re- commending to his equerries not to let the unfortunate stranger go back on foot, but to give him a horse. When returned to his hotel, the Ambassador wrote to his govern- ment an official cegpatch, stating that he had been re- ceived with extraordinary honors; that the Sultan had sent his officers to meet him at the door of the palace; that ho had been honorably treated by the most impor- tant personages of the empire; that he had been cl with a dress of honor; and finally, that the Sultan had made him a present of a splendid horse from the Impe- rial stables. In his confidential despatch, that which said the truth, the Ambassador related all the humiliations to which he bad been subjected, and ended by expressing ahope that bis ernment would take steps to spare to his successors 80 humiliating a ceremonial. In 1826, at the time of the first war of the English against the Birmans, itis stated that the “1 of the empire related as follows:in the official wi the history of that war:— 2 In that year a fleet of barbarians, chased from home by ‘the agpon them the revs | anger of our troops, they were in sever Being, 5 "thoy could do nothing st the bravery of our army, they The ror, commisserating their lamentable condition, sent moat of them back into their own country, after having, however, given them provisions and money. to those who alleged that they could not return home for fear of dying frm starvation, the Emperor was #0 gene- ih rant ¢hem lands in the bordering provinces of empire. It was thus the Eactern historian recorded a war which brought the Fnglieh, victory after gates of the capital; thus was exp! the cession of the provinces = NEW YORK HERALD, rer er wy i UbsDpAY , ‘We have quoted these examples to show how Asiatics understand their intercourse with the foroigne and bow the prvornmedts; breathing only the deprav atmorphere of the harems, become infaiuated with them selves und render it impossible for themselves to acquire any just idea of the things of the world, or succeed in ever knowing thetruth. Troth is something that does not exist for them, and the more the pride of those princes has been corrupted by the adulations of their eunichs, their cour- tiers, the more they content themeelves with untruths. The Chinese are the most eastern of all Asiatics, and in the aggression they baye just been guilty of against the ambassadors of France and PF): and, we rather see the result of the character and hb ts of the Chinese policy than of an accient or a plot p-o\uced by momentary in- trigues. What they have jus ‘one to us is what they will be ever ready to do, unles: we consent to submit to the humiliations which their pri |: would impose upon us, or by a vigorons and bold stro\e weteach them that we will not suffer their insolence nor be the dupes or accom- plices of their duplicity, They try now to recover through artifice, and even by the use of force, a right which they conceded to us by treaty, and which we cannot abandon now without sur- rendering our own dignity. I could not, perhaps, well point out the motives which urged the Chinese to use all Means in their power rather than faithfully to Lee the principle of the residence of our ambassadors in Pekin. | see only that they have engaged in the sirugee on tha’ ‘question, and we cannot transfer it to any other ground. In reviewing the history of the past, and study- {og their way of acting towards the ambassadors who were senttothem until now, I see also that they ‘aave that point much at heart, and that consequently We cannot surrender our right in this matter without showing our- selves in their eyes guilty of weakness, In 1792 they scarcely allowed Lord Macartney to land, and they only received him after having submitted him to the humiliating e¢remony of the ‘“Koteon,”? which consists in kneeling before the Emperor and striking the, ary nine times with the forehead. Notwithstanding this sad con- cession of Lord Macartney, he did not succeed in any- thing; he could not obtain the treaty of commerce for which he went there, and was sent back with very little respect. In 1812 Lord Amherst refused to submit himself to the “Koteon,”’ and be was scarcely granted time to rest at Pekin; the Emperor absolutely refused to receive him, and he was sent back to Canton rather as a prisoner as the representative of a great Power. Thirty years later, when a series of defeats had rendered the Chinese more reasonable, and forced them to enter into negotiations, nothing Was more singular than the manner they used to communicate, or, to speak more exactly, to conceal from the natives the nogotiations they were ane to enter into with the foreigners. The Governor of the province of Canten, who had charge of the police of the bar- barians when Canton was alone open to trade, received, a8 a natural particular of hia charge the necessary instructions to come to an understanding with the foreign nations. In the eyes of the people there is nothing, or almost nothing, changed; and when the Eu- ropean or American diplomatists present themselves as negotiators, they are answered that it is useless to attempt an approach to Pekin—that the Governor of the two Kwang is furnished with all the necessary powers to give them satisfaction. It is not even in Canton, the provincial city, that the negotiations take place; the affair might get too much publicity. The Chinese diplomatist advises a halt at Macao, which city has long been appropriated for the reside: { the foreigners, and they can live there bly than anywhere else. The Chinese official rouble to go and meet you there, and, in fact, on a certain day, or rather on a certain night, he es- capes from his residence, with some inferior officers, and goes to some modest pagoda situated in the neighborhood of the Portuguese territory. There he settles his business as secretly as possible, and hastens his departure with as much mystery as marked his arrival. And yet it is only for the great Powers that ho deigns to trouble himself even thus far; for the other Powers he takes no such trouble. In 1844 and 1845 treaties were made between negotiator who had not even once met; linguists to write the despatches ani coolies to carry them, were all that was needed. The embassy sent to China by King Louis Phillippe was treated with somewhat more respect; but how much has the pride of the Chinese not suffered therefrom. I remember that it was Jooked upon at the time as a master stroke to have £0 well caught the old Ki-Yngin, whose pretended defe- rence for our government was so ably taken advantage of that he could not refuse to sign the treaty agreed pon on beard of the French steamer which accompanied a8 far as Whampoa, four leagues distant from Canton. Not withstanding the time elapsed since then, I have not for- gotten the contortions of fa@e indulged in by the Chinese on board the Archimede; how embarrassed and hu- miliated they looked when the treaty was being signed, and how tbe same evening they decamped as quickly ag possible when our anchor dropped, protesting against the firing of our guns, which we took good care, not d- ing, to fire in their honor, and asa counterpoise against the illuminations and fireworks which apprised the people of the event of the day and the presence of the Vice King among the barbarians. If, however, it was necessary, after all, to form an opinion on the reasons which induced the Chinese to repel all intercourse with the foreigners, I think that it could be accounted for in the following way:—The Chi- hese empire is almost everywhere surrounded by the sea or horrible wildernesses; in,consequence thereof, the Chi- nese have, 80 to Say, never’ been abroad, and they are impressed with the idea that outside of their territory, which is looked upon by them as the centre of the world; there are only islands and miserable countries, the inhabi- tants of which are condemned by nature to the most miserable living. It is an article of faith with them; and to judge how sincere that faith is, we have merely to look at the maps they published not long ago. Allour coun- tries are represented there as points lost in the immensit) of space, subject to all the horrors of the intensest cold, and again suffering from the extremest heat, infested with dreadful monsters, and worthy to be compared with the fantastic regions which the savants of the fifteenth century opposed as realitics to the schemes of Christopher Colum- bus. The generality of the Chinese still believe these things, and We are not to be surprised that they look with contempt and terror at the same time upon men whom they believe to come from these hells. The government is undoubtedly more enlightened, but the moral basis on which it is forinded does not inspire it with less horror for foreigners. In the political and moral ideas of its le, and in those that it professes itself, without the kin« of ontology, baif atheist, half pantheist, which it has accro- dited among its subjects, the Emperor is not only an abso- Inte sovereign, who is the master of the fortune and life of his subjects, but he is also the Son of Heaven, and, as it also seems, the Brother of the Sun and Cousin of the Moon—it is a kind of being intervening between creation and the superior essences from which it proceeds—a per- sonage who iseven above the secondary deities, for he makes and destroys them at his pleasure. One does not casily renounce such a réle, especially when it has been accredited through a long series of centuries, when it has in its favor the majesty of time, and when it is supported by aninnumerable army of officials who principally derive their authority from recognition. By that system the Em- peror of the Centre is not only acknowledged to be infalli- ble and invincible, but it also enjoins that he should make his superiority acknowledged by all who live in the world. To accept tributaries who are not subject to his immediate s considered derogatory to his dignity; but to allow representatives of sovereigns who assume to be his equals to live near him, is an impossibility. It would be the up- setting of the divine and human laws, in favor of idola- trous courtiers; it would be the abomination of the desola- tion for the mandarins, who have to fear secing their mys- exposed by unprejudiced and independent wit- S808, Just as the victories of the English in 1841 and 1842 ave probably had something to do in the insurrection which for more than ten years has troubled the Celes- tial Empire, so the right of fixed residence in Pe- kin, accorded to the ambassadors as the condi- tions that we have a right to Bi CAD may well preju- dice that authority, or rather that blind worship which the Imperial government compels to be rendered to it. But that is not our business; and as the only means to put a stop to the outrages, insults and cruelties of which the Europeans have been victims in China for the last three centuries is to show to the Chinese that neither stren, nor bad faith can avail against us, we are of opinion that the glove which has just been thrown to us ought to be taken up without hesitation, and that negotiations should not be entered upon except on the spot which is con- tested—that is to say, at Pekin. THE SAN JUAN ISLAND AFFAIR. Arrival of Governor Douglass’ Envoy in London—Opinions of the British Press. Colonel Hawkins, Chief Commissioner of the Oregon Boundary Survey, had arrived in London on the 22d, in the capacity of special envoy from Governor Douglass, in consequence of the occupation of the island of San Juan by United States troops. Colonel Hawkins ,transacted his business at the Foreign Office shortly after his arrival. The London Zimes says it has reason to believe that General Harney placed military posts on San Juan on his own responsibility and without in- structions from Washington. He declared to the British authority that he did so because American citizens had ‘been arrested on the island, but that he did not mean his occupation to be permanent, although it was his in- tention to hold the island till he heard from Washington. ‘The London Morning Post, referring to tho difficulty, Says our transatlantic cousins had better watch the pro- gress of Russian power in the Pacific than quarrel with their best friends and customers, the people of England. AFFAIRS IN ITALY. Progress of the Peace Negotiations—An European Congress to be Held—Speech of the King of Sardinia, &c. ‘The Paris correspondent of the London Spectator says there is still a hitch in the peace negotiations—Austria per- sists in keeping an Austrian army in Venetia. When this difficulty has been surmounted, the treaty will be signed by Austria and France, and the Congress will be held at Brussels. ‘Tho London Herald’s Paris correspondent says:— The report of France and Austria alone signing the treaty of peace is corroborated by private despatches, and unless orders to the con| aro received from Biarritz the fact will no doubt be ly made known before many days. ‘The fourth and last Italian deputation, from Romagna, ‘was received by tho King of Sardinia at Monza, on the 2th ult. The following is a summary of the King’s reply :— Iam grateful for the wishes of the le of Romagna, of which you are the interpreters” before ‘me. "A8.& Catholic sovereign I shall myself always retain profound and unalterable respect for the superior hierarchy of the Church. As an Italian Prince, I am reminded that Europe, having in view the state of the CRO he, who demanded & prompt and efficient measure of reform, has accepted formal obligations towards your country. I receive your wishes, and strengthened by tho rights conferred npon me will support your cause before the great Powers. sre WO ‘You may rely on the senge of justica—you may rely o the generous love of our country, of the French Emperor who will accomplish the great work of reparation he has powerfully begun, and who, assured of the grautude of Italy, and seeing the moderation which has characterized your resolution carne the last momente of incertitude will recognise that in the Romagna the mere hope of @ nation- al government euffices to put an end to civil discords. When your numerous volunteers arrived during the days of our national struggle to enrol themselves under my flag, you knew that Piedmont would not go w war for herself alone, but for our common country. ‘To-day the unanimity of your wishes and the order which yor observe at home are very gratifying to my heart, aud nothing better could insure your future destiny. Turope will recognise that it is bere the common interest to finish the era of disorder, and thereby satisfy the leg ‘imate de sires of peace. A decree by the King of Naples extends to June, 1860, the period for the free admiesion of wheat. France, The French steam frigate Sano was wrecked while pro- ceeding from Toulon to Brest. All hands were saved. French commercial affairs show an improvement. Wheat had advanced both in Paris and the provincial markets. Flour was also dearer. The silk market was inactive. The Moniteur says:— Under the pretence that the press is now free severa journals direct their attacks against the decree of Februa- Ty, 1852, and go beyond the extreme limits of discussion, and are wanting in respect for the law, which is insepara- ble from the loyal exercise of liberty. The Moniteur then expladns that immediately after the measure granted spontancously by the Emperor, which relieved the press from the consequences of the warning received, the government forebore to make use of the weapons at its command; but it will, never- theless not fail in performing the duty which is imposed upon it to make the law respected. It therefore informs the papers that it is decided no longer to tolerate these polemical excesses, which can only be considered as party mancuvres. The Bourse had been animated and fluctuating. closed firmly on the 27th at 69f. 35c. for rentes. It Austria. An imperial order is published for a commission with special legislative powers to organize extensive reforms in the system of direct taxation. The price of wheat is said to have risen materially, owing to the inferior yield of the last crop. Germany. The Ministers of Bavaria, Saxony and Wurtemberg, who lately assembled at Munich, propose that, in order to strengthen the military power of Germany, the contin- gent of the Confederation shall be increased from one and a half per cent of the population to two per cent. Denmark. ‘The States General had been opened at Copenhagen. The President said in his speech, “the government had Dut to choose between federal execution and the super- vision of the whole common constitution in 80 far as it re- lates to Holstein and Lunenburg; the government has chosen the latter, although it docs not recognise the com petency of a federal execution.” India. The Calcutta mail of August 22 had reached England, but the news generally was anticipated. ‘The disarming of Oude had been completed It was stated that no official requisition for troops for China had been mnde by Mr. Bruce, but in anticipation that he would take this course the Indian government had warned two regiments to hold themselves in readi- ness. ‘The Calcutta import market was dull. The crop of indigo will be shorter than anticipated. Freights were declining, and the rates to America had gone down from $10 to $7. Cape of Good Hope. Cape of Good Hope advices from Cape Reach are to August 21. Ex-Governor Sir George Grey had returned to England. Satisfactory accounts had been received from the Livingstone expedition. The ship Shahjechanpor, bound to the West Indies with Coolies, was burned at sea July 1. The captain and crew, sixty-four in number, were rescued, but all the Coolies, 850, perished. A deficiency of grain at the Cape had caused a rise in the price of provisions. Australi ‘The Melbourne mails of August 19 reached Aden Sep tember 19. There is no political news of importance. Business during the month had been very quiet, but the arrival of the English mail had created both a commercial and monetary improvement. Japan. In Japan affairs have assumed a very unsatisfactory po- sition. On the 11th of July the British treaty was duly ratified. Since then the Japanese government had at tempted to evade it by seeking to confine foreigners to small island about ten miles from Juddo. They further sought to establish a new coin as the only one to be used in commercial dealings with foreigners, although accord- ing to the treaty foreign coins were to be received at their intrinsic value. The present arrangement of the Japanese produced a depression of sixty-six per cent. The British Consul General had issued a protest, and stopped trade for the present. Tunis. The Bey of Tunis died on the 22d of September. The presumptive heir, Side Sadok, had been installed as his successor. Tranquillityw as maintained. Financial and Commercial News. LONDON MONEY MARKET. ‘The money market was unchanged, with a good demand. ‘Consols closed on the 23d at 9534 a 955; for money, and 955¢ a 9534 for account. The London Daily News’ city article says the funds opened with a dull appearance on the 234, under the in- fluence of the discussions respecting the now boundary difficulty with America, Scarcely any reduction, how- ever. occurred in prtces, and consols finally closed frm at an advance of about 3-16. There was an increased de- mand for money, but few bills were discounted below the bank minimum. ’ A fresh rise had taken place in silver, owing to the demand for shipment to China. The Lon Times’ city article says:—The funds on ied without alteration, and experienced a fractional improvement towards the close. In the open discount market the rate for best three months’ bills con- tinned at 2%¢ per cent. The railway market was firm, and generally advanced. AMERICAN STOCKS. Mlinois Central shares were quoted at 95% a 354; dis- count; do. 7 per cent bonds, 78; New York Central shares, 70 a 72. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET. The sales of cotton for the three days preceding the de- parture of the Indian from Liverpool were 21,000 bales, of which 1,000 were to speculators and 5,000 for export. The market closed dull at easier, though quotably un. changed prices. STATE OF TRADE IN MANCHESTER. The advices from Manchester are unfavorable. There was but little inquiry for goods, and prices were weak, & slight reduction having been acceded to in some cases. LIVERPOOL BREADSTUFFS MARKET. The breadstuffs market was dull. Richardson, Spence & Co. quote flour dull, but steady, Wheat quiet, but steady at 7s. 4d.a 9s. for Western red, and 98. a 9s. 4d. for white. Corn hada declining tendency, with a very limited inquiry. The country wheat markets were generally one shilling lower. LIVERPOOL PROVISION MARKET. Beef was firm. Pork dull, and nominal. Bacon quiet: short middles, boneless, 47s. 61. Lard dull at 548. a 56s. Tallow closed quiet, but steady. LIVERPOOL PRODUCE MARKET. Pot ashes were quiet at 26s. 6d. a 268. Od. Pearl ashes quiet at 278. 6d. a 278. Od. Sugar dull. Coffee steady. Rosin steady at 48. 2d. a 4s. 3d. for common. Spirits tur- pentine steady at 36s, Oils unchanged. LONDON MARKETS. In the London market breadstuffs were dull. Sugar heavy and 6d. als. lower. Coffee firm. Rice firm. Pig iron steady at 61s. 8d. a 61s. 6d. Our North Carolina Correspondence. Pryrmovtn, N. C., Oct. 7, 1859. Execution of a Negro—Ouriosity of the Countrymen—Im- mense Crowd of Spectators, dic. Dick Fisher, a free negro, was hung here to-day at 4 quarter past twelve o'clock, for the murder of Elijah Has. sell, a white man. ‘The murder was committed on the 26th of February last. The people trom all the gurrounding country seemed to be present. There were between 3,000 and 4,000 present at the gallows, #0 great was the curiosity of the country people. After he was led to the place of execution the Protestant Episcopal minister ascended the steps, and said he was au- therized to speak for the criminal. He said that the pri- soner confessed his guilt, and had received pardon the Most High, and was L prio resigned to ne eet ‘The criminal ascended the scaffold with a firm step. cap was immediately drawn over his face, and he mani- fested no desire to speak a word—which he did not. As soon as the eheriff came down he knocked away the trap, and he was left to Bet had hie crime. ‘This is the first man bas been hung in this county for fourteen years. ODER 1], 1659.-TRIPLE SHEET. 3 Tee Great Anti-Seward Movement. ‘The meeting of last Friday evening at the Everett House, of which Mr. Watts Sherman was chairman, ad Jonrned until Saturday, to the office of Duncan, Sherman &Co. It was then resolved that the members of the Ex” ecutive Committee ghould issue a circular, calling for a conference of merchants, at the Cooper Institute, on Thursday evening next. This circular hag been signed by all of the gentlemen on the committee, and it is ex- Pected that a mass meeting will be called, at the next meeting, of all of those wno are opposed to the triamph of Mr. Seward’s ‘irrepressible conflict” doctrines. It has transpired that an attempt was contemplated, on tho part of certain Tammany leaders, to swamp the Executive Committee at its last session. The effort failed, and the agents of the Post Office were foiled. Had such not been the case, the merchants, financiers and intelligent derao- crats, who have resolved to throw their weight into te scale at the coming election might have bees out-gere- alled, ‘The plan of action of the new conservative organ'za!.o: embraces three objects:— 1, Tho defeat of the Seward disunion ticket, at the No- vember election. 2. Such an organization of the State Legislature as may prevent improper legislation with regard to the city of New York; and 8. A degree of independence of the rowdy cliques of Mozart and Tammany Halls, which shall prevent the ele- vation to office of improper individuals on the part of the brawling, fighting individuals who control those bodies. It is to be hoped that the action of the new organization will be as speedy and effectual in its results as it has been decided in its beginning. But afew weeks intervene be- tween now and the coming election, and a great deal still remains to be done to secure a victory over the cause of disunion and national decay. Pursuant to public announcement a considerable num- ber of persons—the most part being ladies—assembled at the site of the new Baptist church, now in course of erec- tion at the corner of Madison avenue and Thirty-first street, for the Rev. Dr. Hague. Ai the hour appointed for the service, eight or ten clergymen took up a position on the platform, temporarily erected for the occasion. Be- sides the Rev. Dr. Hague we noticed the Rev. Messrs. Somers, Lathrop, Dowling, Thompson and others, whose names did not transpire. The proceedings began with the singing of a psalm by the choir, after which an appropriate opening prayer was offered. ‘A hymn having been sung— The Rev. Dr. Thompson, of the Tabernacle, proceeded to deliver an interesting address, in which he showed how little his own chorch suffered from the Baptists. His ad- dregs was full of Christian charity, and he concluded by recommending a mutual liturgy Which could be used by his own and the Baptist chure The Rev. Dr. Dow1ne follo powerful style. Aiter prayer by the Rey. Di ‘The pastor of the new . 8. Mayyg, came forward and reviewed the progress of the sect of Buptists in this country since their foundatwn to the present time. He showed how rapid had been their progress, growth And prosperity; that the blessing of Heaven had always attended them, and that their future career would be far more powerful than the past. Addresses were delivered by other reverend gentlemen, and afterwards the pastor proceeded to lay the stone. A tin box, containing the Cronica, HxnaLp and other news- papers, were deposited in the niche, and solemn prayer offered, in which every person joined. Tbe church is of ample proportions, will cost about $150,000, and will be completed in the space of one year. p architecture is of the Byzantine style, and the whole promises to be an ornament to Madison square. Somers, New York and Eric Railroad. ‘There was a meeting of the stockholders of the above road at No. 24 Cooper Institute, last evening, for the purpose of noyninating directors to be voted for on Tucs- day (this day). Among the rest were Messrs. Bruce, Mills, Bwbank and Aiburtis. Dr. H. G. Dunnel was unanimously called to the chair, and Mr. Thomas Ewbank acted as Secretary. There were between fifty and sixty gentlemen present. Mr. Gro. Bruce stated that, through unfortunate cir- cumstances, the road had declined about three years ago, and had continued to decline. But the directors who were with it in the day of prosperity had maintained their posts in the hour of reverses. By changing the di- rectors it was hoped that a new impetus would be given to the affairs of the road. The present directors were men of little stock, and men would prefer to know that if they are to lose their money they would lose it with others who could afford to do so. One of the present di- rectors had two shares, one or two had five, a few had ten, and some fifty. The present President, Mr. Samuel one-balf of the directors together could not muster more than 600 shares, The directors had renominated themselves, and it was now for the stockholders to take the matter into their own bands, and use their own efforts for the improve- March, had sixty-five shares, and ment of the affairs of the road. ‘A member inquired whether the remuneration of the directors would not be a proper plan. Mr. Bruce was not prepared to recommend that course. The present directors were paid $6 for each meeting they attended, but he did not know that any good results had followed. The business of the compary had not been im- proved. Mr. Van Stavoren suggested the necessity of annual meetings of the stockholders. He counselled the stock- holders to vote freely, rrereer of tickets of any kind. ‘The Preswent agreed in the necessity for electing gen- tlemen as directors who were largely interested as share- holders. A list of the present stookholders being called for the the result was as follows:— Names. Samuel Marsh. Cornelius Smith Daniel Drew. D, A. Cushman.. Wm. B. Skidmore Edwin J. Brown... George T. Cobb... Dudley 8. Gregory. Jobn Arnott..... ‘Ambrose 8. Murray . H. P. Hall. orge Bruce.. After a desultory discussion, extending over some the following ticket for directors was presented and adopt: ed:— Jobn Arnott, of Elmira. Gilbert S. Gregory, Jersey City. ‘Ambrose &. Murray, Goshen. S.H. P. Hall, Binghamton. “Thos. Ewbank, New York. *David Ogden, New York. *A. J. Cotheal, New York, *John A. Luqueer, New York. Daniel Drew, New York. Herman Gelpcke, New York. *G. W. Van Stavaren, New Yosk. F. J. Brown, New York. E. K. Alburtis, New York. Geo. Bruce, New York. *Washington Mills, New York. *Ross W. Wood, New York. *John Wadsworth, New York. Those indicated by asterisks are new candidates. ‘The meeting soon after adjourned. Obituary. DEATH OF CAPT. NATHAN COBB. Capt. Nathan Cobb, formerly of this city, and late of Tarrytown, died at St. Augustine, Florida, on the 24th ult., after a lingering illness. Capt. Cobb was a man so tho- roughly identified with the commerce of the metropolis’ that his death demands something more at our hands than the mere announcement. He was a native of Westchester county, and commenccd his career as a seafaring man at avery tender age. He was one of the most suc- cessful of shipmasters and shipbuilders, and accumulated a very considerable fortune. He built the ships Columbus, Orpheus, Helen, and some others of the old Black { Ball line of Liverpool packets, and his last voyage as commander of a ship was made in the Columbus some twenty-eight or thirty years ago. About this time he united with Messrs. Goodhue & Co, and Charles H. Marshall in the purchase of the old packet line from the original owners (Isaac Wright & Son), and since that time the line has been in very successful operation. This was the first regular line of packets ever established between New York and a foreign port, aud since its establishment, some forty years it bas never deviated from its regular da‘ of sailing—the Ist and 16th of every month. Capt. Cobb was considerably interested in steam naviga- tion, and at one time built a steamer called the Despatch, which was cl to possess great improvements in the matter of economizing fuel, consuming the smoke, &c. ‘The Despatch made one trip to some Southern port, but her improved machinery was finally pronounced a failure. Some years Mell @ splendid residence near Tarry- town, but his failing, he removed to St. Augustine, Florida, where he bas spent several winters. We are not able to state his age with precision, but {t must have ranged very closely upon the four score years and ten Buy to be the natural limit of human life. He leaves awi and several near relatives, but no children Captain Cobb was remarkable for his firmness and deci- sion of character and unswerving integrity, and, above All, for his open-handed liberality. Ne sailor was ever more free-hearted. His hospitality was unbounded, and an appeal to his benevolence was seldom, ifever, made in vain. The Croton aqueduct passed through mk ny rty at Tarrytown, and he freely gave the land required Tor that purpose; but when the Board forbade his Janting trecs on the aqueduct he maintained his right to Joo by obstinate litigation, in which, however, he was ultimately defeated. Though having no children of his own to educate, he built and fitted up a handsome acade. dy in Tarrytown at an expense of several thousand dol. lare, and made the town a present of it. Theso are only casual oa hentde® § to iliustrate the predomi- nant trait of his ‘acter, His death will be regretted by a wide circle of friends and acquaintances. Important Steamship Movement. ~ Commodore Vanderbilt has purchased of Mr. C. K. Gar- ison all his righ’, title and interest ia the line of opposi- tion steamships cn the Pacific, consisting of the steamers Sierra Nevada, Cortes, Orizaba aud Uncle Sam. Tho Price paid was $450,000 for one half interest; the other bal¢ belonged to Vanderbilt, It is understood that a change of interest had been de- cided upon by Mr. Garrison immediately after the formation «f th> Atlantic and Pacific Steam- ship Company, when Vanderbilt and M. 0, Rob. erts—the latter representing tne old United States Mail Company—concluded to join forces and put all their ships (thirteen) into a stock company. Garngon, like Vanderbilt, it is well known, was always opposed to companies, or to placing his property where he could not control it. This has always been ‘he case from the time he first went steamboating ou the Missis- eippi, some twenty-five years ago. He has alygay, ph a (a qwoed @ controlling interest in every steamboat be led or had anything to do with. An offer was made by Mr. Garrison to givo or take so much upon certain terms. Com- modore Vanderbilt accepted the latter; so that hero after the line on both sides will be under the exclusive control of Vanderbilt. The new company formed will include seventeen ocean steamers, as follows :—The four bought of Garrison, the Northern Light, North Star, Champion, Daniel Webster Vanderbilt, Ariel and Ocean Queen, the three last being employed in the European trade, Those to be put in by M. 0. Roberts, of the United States Mail Company, are the Illinois, Moses Taylor, Star of the West, Granada, Philadelphia and Empire City. Although it is not publicly or officially known that the last named six are to be put into the new company with Vanderbilt's eleven, there is no doubt but this is to be done, but not till after the ships have been publicly sold, according to the terms of the trust. The stocking of the four ships on the Pacific in the new company was a partof the original programme, and ag this could not be done by either without the other’s con- sent, Vanderbilt was not long in making up his mind to buy. ‘Ibis movement is a pretty strong proof of the oppo- sition that Vanderbilt is determined upon carrying on against tho Paciflc Mail and the other two companies op- posed to him. Union of the Telegraph Companies. it is known that negotiations have been under con- sideration for several months past having in view the union of the several telegraph lines between New Or- Jeans and Sackville (New Brunswick), and for the per- manent connection for all business purposes of the seabourd lines with those of the North and West. Such arrangements, we understand, have been concluded be- tween the several companies interested. It is believed that the arrangements entered into will add greatly to the facilities for the transmission of busj- ness. The telegraph has already become one of the great institutions of the country, and ita use or abuse will be looked to by an anxious public. If wisely managed it will become more and more incorporated into every ‘branch of trade and industry. What would America be without the telegraph? ‘To inspire confidence there must be no favoritism; the principle of ‘first come first served’? must be printed in large letters, framed and hung up in each office; there most be no buying or selling exclusive preferences. To grant special privileges to one is an encroachment upon the rights of another. To eccure confidence the public must be well served. ‘The new company will have it in their power largely to reduce expenses. There are now two offices in almost. every city and village in the country; one can do the business, and do it well. They will have asufficient num- ber of wires to transmit messages promptly, and, owning all the telegraph patents, they will naturally adopt the ‘best system that has been or that may be devised. There should be no advance in price, but improve- ment in public convenience may be, and ought to be, ac- eorded to the patrons of the wires. More substantial lines should be erected, and better insulation should ‘be devised, the operators and agents should be intelligent and accommodating; no message should be taken when it cannot be immediately sent, and no charges should be made when business is not promptly transmitted. With theee improvements the public will be well served. ‘The telegraph is an institution peculiar to the American people. They like to do things in a hurry, in advance of time—not to put off until to-morrowjwhat oan be done to- day. It furnishes to the press news in advance, and it is common for many readers to jump the editorials and de- your the news coming off the wires; and if the directors and agents be of the people, the people and prees will award to them that credit which they may justly deserve. Owing to competition and the perishable nature of the property, and great expense in repairing and rebuilding, telegraph investments in this country have been for the most part unprofitable. Thé expenses saved by reducing the number of officers will aid in renewing the lines, which must be done once in eight years. ‘The public will expect from the new organization per- fection in the system, a liberal and enlightened policy, ac- tive and intelligent operators and agents, business done promptly, and no preferences or exclusive privileges. Under such auspices the new company will meet-with favor, and leave no foothold for the charge of monopoly. The new company will, we understand, be organized immediately, under a special charter from the Legislature of New Jersey, and will have an aggregate capital of about $1,500,000. City Politics. TAMMANY HALL PRIMARIES. The Tammany Hall primary elections for the choice of delegates to Judiciary, Senatorial, Assembly, County and Ward Conventions, took place last niggt in the various wards throughout the city. There was no unusual excite- ment, as the nominees were agreed upon in private caucus. MOZART HALL WARD CONVENTIONS. The Mozart Hall Ward Conventions met last night, and jn Some districts elected Inspectors of Elections to be voted for atthe next regular election. The most expe- rienced reporters of the daily newspapers were put to the test in hunting up the places where these conventions were heid, most of them being held in out-of-the-way roggeries. where none but the vilest species of bi fold forth. “Tt would prove very interesting to eome of the respectable voters of New York to witness the ren- dezvous of the “ unterrified ’ democracy. EVERETT HOUSE DEMOCRATIC COMMITTER, The Everett House Democratic Committee will meet to- night, at Cooper Institute, to take further steps to redeem New York city from the hands of the Tammany and Mo- zart Hal! politicians, and place it upon asound and healthy basis. Acircclar bas been issued, inviting the leading merchants of this city to take part in the movement. 1. q 4—James Mccullough. 1¢—John Byrnes. Our Lancaster Correspondence. ‘MR. BUCHANAN AT HOME, Lancaster, Pa., Oct. 7, 1869. President Buchanan is spending a few days at his home at Wheatland, about a mile west of this city. The pelit!- cians of the opposition are greatly exercised as to the object of his visit, and are endeavoring to create the im- pression that it has something to do with the approaching election in the county; as if a person in his position could not spend a few days once a year on his homestead to see his farm and other investments, without meddling with ities. pethe President entertaine a strong aversion to pomp and show of all kind, and oper makes his visit to his old home as secretly as possible, greatly to the discom. fort of his old friends and neighbors, who are always anxious to give him a reception worthy of himself and the office he holds. An incident which occurred yester- day fully illustrates his character when at home :— Tibaving been understood that Mr. Buchanan intended visiting our county fair, now open in this city, the mana- gers stationed sentinels at different points to give the sig- bal of his approach, in order that he might be conducted into the enclosure ina Soe his ation. Th. ad of driving there in 08 Was seen ae the Holds, a distance of wtmile Or mare,’ had purchased a ticket, and was conversing with some of his cld friend, before his presence was announced managers. When told that it was of the society to give him a formal his thanks for the intended honor, red entering the of bis fellow -citi s ‘Mxtancuoty Enp or an Annier.—Coroner Schirmer held ings, Broadway, who died from by an intemperate course of Ii a forty- Le bere and wasa o ‘He was highly connect in ‘his pative Jand, and in this country his friends were numerous and influential. Fouxp Drownxp.—The body of a man, subsequently identified as a German sailor, named Henry ——, Was found floating in the North river, near pier 18, an Deceased was last seen alive on Saturday, was intoxicated and travelling about West strect with some drunken companions. No marks of violence being found upon the body, the jury rendered a verdict of “Death drowning.”