The New York Herald Newspaper, September 17, 1859, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITUK AND PROPRIETOR, OFVICE N, W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU 8T3- RMS, cash in advance. Money sent by mail will be at the risk of Uhe'nender, Postage stamps not received as subscription . “THE DAILY HERALD, feo conte per copy, 1 per annum, Tae We. UBICALD, eomry saturrtiy, 1 ss, cents j the Huropean Bitition every Wednestay — zy $4 per annum to any part of reat Britt, or 8 lo any art the intinent, to include a Gator ion on the (th and 30th of each poo ey ola conte ; oF $1 0 per annum. PT UE PAMILY HELALD on Wednesday, at four cents per copy, or $2 per annum, Volume XXIV AMUSEMENTS THIS KVENING, ‘ourteenth street. —Tratan OF MU! ACADEME 5° och—Lvdla Di LAMMERMOOR— Orewa—Matinee at One Nokma—La TRAVIATA. NIRLO'S GARDEN, Brosdway.—Jeanserre axo Jean Wor—Magio Puss. KRY THEATRE, Bowery.—Moru Sry—Gaeen Mox- BrEK—DUMB UAL OF GENoa, WINTER GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond etreet.— Dor—Bosra ano Wacrat. LAURA KEENE’S THEATRE, 624 Broadway—Wosi ANv Stage. NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Ricaago ITl.— Lortsay Twxet—Macic Tavurer. RARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSRKUM, Broadway.—After- oon—FivING DurcHman. Evening—Firina Durouman— Towne CuamBEx. WOOD'S MINSTRETS, 444 Broatway.—Etaioriax Soncs, Dancrs, do—Katnoan Saasn Ue BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics Bonresquas, Boncs, Dances, &0—Dt we are compelled to ask our advertising, friends to come to our aid and help us to get our paper to press. This they can accomplish by sending in their advertisements at ac carly an hour in the day and eventing as possible. All advertisements should be handed in Lefore nine o'eloc: at night. Those handed in after that hour will have to take The News. Our special despatch from Washington announces that Lieutenant General Scott has been, ordered to the Pacific. General Scott goes to the Pacific to Manage the difficulty which has recently sprung up between Great Britain and the United States respecting the boundary of the territories of the two countries in that region. The latest accounts | from the island of San Juan, the focus of the trouble, are to the 13th ult. At that date quiet pre- vailed, and the British and American forces remain- ed as previously reported —the British vessels at an- chor in the harbor, and the United States troops in camp on shore. But it was also reported that General Harney had ordered all the troops at his disposal to reinforce the command on the island, while Governor Douglass had directed addi- tional British vessels of war to rendezvous at that point. Special messengers from both these com- manders recently reached Washington. Colonel Hawkins, the messenger of Governor Douglass, tarried long enough to deliver despatches to Lord Lyons, the British Minister, and then sailed for England to apprise the British government of the etate of affairs. Although it is not apprehended that serious consequences will result from the | action of General Harney, yet the President deems the matter to be of such gravity as to require the Bupervision of the skilful and cautious Lieutenant General of the army. He will leave for his post | on the 20th inst. We learn by telegraph that a great conflagration occurred yesterday morning in the city of Chicago, destroying property roughly estimated at half a | million of dollars. One entire block in the western division of the city was burned. It was the block bounded on the north by Clinton street, on the south by Canal, and on the east and west by Lake and Fulton streets. The locality is immediately upon the basin formed by the junction of the three branches of the Chicago river, and was occupied principally by warehouses and manufacturing es" tablishments of various kinds, such asiron foundries’ boiler-making shops, planing and shingle factories, &c, Among the most extensive establishments that have been left in tnins by this fire are the lead works of Collins & Blatchford and the hydraulic mills. The former are known asthe Chicago lead pipe and sheet lead works. They stood on the cor- ner of Clinton and Fulton streets. The building was quite new, having been erected in the latter part of 1854. Previous to their erection the lead which reached Chicago from the Galena district was ship- ped in its raw state. The business of manufactur- ing it has since then been carried on with great Spirit and success, and had already reached the large amount of between two and three millions of pounds annually. About one hundred persons usually engaged at these works have been thrown out of employment by the fire; and yet that is but a small proportion of the entire number of hands in all the other workshops and factories that have been left in forced idleness. The total loss is set down at half a million of dollars, of which it is sup- posed that one-half is insured in the New York and New England companies. We have no account of the origin of the fire. The fire is said to haye broken out in a stable, but in any case the ma- terial must have been very combustible, else the fire could not have attained such headway in the face of the efforts of the efficient fire department of the city, which contains four steam fire engines, be- sides a dozen ordinary ones. Chicago is cut up by the river into three divisions, known as the North- ern, Southern and Western. Of these the Southern is the best built and most fashionable. Here the large hotels are for the most part located and the principal business of the city is transacted. Michi- gan and Wabash avenues—two beautifal streets— Gre in that section. The western section is com- paratively new, and contains most of the manufac- ing establishments. It is in the western section that the burned over locality is situated. We have news from Port au Prince, Hayti, to the 5th inst. The daughter of President Geffrard was Shot dead by an assassin on the 3d inst. whon sit- ting in her father’s chair. Trade was dull. Flour rated at $240, Haytien currency. General Gueerere, ex-Minister of War, has arrived in New York. Capt. Wm. Gillespie, of brig Mary A. Forrest, which arrived yesterday morning from Bahia, re- ports that on the 3d ult. that port was visited with 8 most violent gale, which did considerable damage, ‘and the chipping business was suspended three or four days in consequence. A Prussian ship went Sehore, and was totally lost. The Ella Burns (“Little Ella”) habeas corpus wane, at rps suit of her father, Mr. Whitten, for re- Covery of possession of his daughter, was con fin Court yesterday, and a aber of the eee Gs given elsewhere. Mr. Whitten has called at our office toeay that the present is the fourth legal effort made by him in order to obtain a return of his child to her home. Two men, named Patrick Clancy ong Patrick Sweeney, rambled sbout town on Thursday night while intoxicated, and finally tumbled into 9 cellar ®t the corner of Broadway and Thirteenth street, When discovered by the police in the morning Smeeucy was gtoue dead, agg Clauoy lay aluales- | and all kinds below choice new white (wanted for | cont slight advance, NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1859. ing soundly by the side of the corpse. A Coroner's jury investigated the case, and renderod a verdict that deceased came to his death by injuries acci- dentally received by falling into the cellar. The screw steamship Kangaroo, which left Liver. pool on the 31st ult. and Queenstown, Ireland, on the lat inst, for New York, put into Halifax early yester- day morning short of coal. She obtained a supply from the stores of the Cunard Company, and sailed in the afternoon for this port. The Kangaroo has three hundred and twenty passengers on board, and may be looked for early on Monday morning. There are five steamships from Europe due at Awerican ports, four at New York and one at Quebec. They sailed in the following order:— Y From. Day of sailing. Destination. Sept. 1,.New York ‘pool... So} ew York Hamburg & South’pton.Sept. 4..New York Bremen & South'pton. ,.Sept. 6. New York Nova Scotian: .Liverpool,.....6.++04 +0 Sept. 7.. Quebec. The Kangaroo having run out of coal, coupled with the non-arrival of the Persia, proves that the weather must have been very stormy on the Atlantic. Thursday last was the semi-monthly pay day of the laborers employed on the Bergen tunnel works of the Erie Ruilroad. Unfortunately for the poor fellows there was no cash forthcoming. They be- came greatly exasperated in consequence of the default of the company or the contractors, swore that no trains should pass until they obtained their wages, and yesterday carried out their threat by placing obstructions on the track, thereby causing the detention of the trains and stopping the mails and passengers in their transit. Up to a late hour last night the obstructions had not been removed, but the Mayors of Jersey City, Hudson City and Hoboken had called out the military to preserve the peace, protect the persons of the railroad employés, and remove the obstructions to trade and travel on the road. The Excise Commissioners held another meeting yesterday in the Court of Common Pleas for the purpose ef granting licenses. Two applications were received, and granted on the usual terms of $30 each, after which the Board adjourned till Monday next. A regular secret session of the Board of Commis- sioners of Police was held at the police headquar- ters in Broome street yesterday afternoon. Ser- geant William Jamieson of the Twenty-sixth pre- cinct (appointed Sergeant at the last meeting), was elected Inspector. Captain J. will be assigned to his precinct by the General Superintendent. Daniel B. Hasbrouck, first deputy clerk at headquarters, was dismissed from office for participating in the proceedings of the Republican Convention at Syra- cuse in contravention of rule thirty-seven. Mr. Hasbrouck alleges that he has had no trial, and was not aware that any complaint had been made against him. The resignations of the following officers were accepted:—James Davin, Fourteenth precinct; Angustus Wickenberg, Twenty-fourth; Andrew Black, Twenty-first; Cornelius Coon, Eleventh; E. H. Wildey, Second (of the steamboat squad). The sales of cotton yesterday wero limited to some 300 a 400 bales. Dealers were disposed to await the re- ceipt of later foreign news by the Persia, now fully duo, before doing much, The market closed firm on the basie of quotations given in another column, Flour was in good supply and prices were lower, especially for medium and common grades. Southern flour was less active, and the lower qualities were easier, Wheat was again heavy ling) were lower. Corn was held above the views of purchasers, while gales were limited at about 83c. a for Western mixed, and at 86c. a 87c. for round yellow. Pork opened with steadiness, but closed heavy at the re- Mess sold at $15 a $15 1234, and prime at $10 30. $10 6214. Beef was in fairdemand at unchanged prices. Cut meats were quiet but firm. Lard wasalso firmly held and in steady demand, with fair sales. Sugars were steady, with sales of 400 a 500 hhds. and about 500 boxes at prices given in another place, Cof- fee was firm, while sales were moderate. Freight engage- | ments were moderate, owing tothe views of owners being | above those of shippers. Important from Washington—General Scott on His Way to the Pacific. It will be seen by our telegraphic despatch from Washing¢ou chat the government has de- | termined to send the Great Pacificator to the | Pacific. When England trembled for her Indian em- pire, that government sent for Sir Colin Camp- bell, and asked him, “Will you take command of the army in India?” “I will.” “When will you start?” asked the Minister. “To-morrow morning,” replied the ready chief. So, too, when the President suggested to General Scott the propriety of sending to the northwestern extreme of our republic some one who was less impetuous and more prudent than General Harney, the prompt old soldier, replied, “I will go as soon as my instructions are ready.” In making this selection Mr. Buchanan has shown his accustomed sagacity. None could be sent on such a mission of peace with more propriety than General Scott, for his antecedents assure us that he will save the effusion of blood and effect an amicable arrangement of the snarl which the impetuous but gallant Harney and the hot-headed Douglass have got into. After long military service General Scott be- gan his career as a pacificator, in which he has been as successful as he has been as a soldier. General Jackson sent him in that capacity to South Carolina in 1832; President Van Buren availed himself of his judgment to settle the Aroostook difficulty in 1837; by President Tyler he was despatched to Buffalo during the Canadian war in 1841; and President Polk en- trusted him with the pacification of Mexico in 1847, In each of these arduous and varied missions he exhibited a rare combination of prudence and sagacity, qualities which now fit dim for the occupation of the White House, and make him the most available candidate for the Presidency in the stormy election that is to come off next year. From the time of the last war with England to the war with Mexico he has borne the double honors of the first soldier and the great pacificator of the republic. The spoils politicians and the cunning schemers of party tactics are fond of asserting that he is too old for the White House and not energetic enough for the Presidency. The events of the last few days give to these asser- tions an emphatic contradiction. The 13th of the present month saw him at West Point pre- paring for a grand review of the cadets. That evening « despatch informed him that his pre- sence was needed in Washington. At sunrise the next morning he was on his way; the 15th found him at the capital, and on the 16th he was on his way home to prepare to start on the 20th on @ voyage of six or seven thousand miles to our fartherest frontier. Some of our younger soldiers and a great many of our pub- lic men would do well if they could follow his example. Ferxaxpo Woop sor Deav Yer.—Wood has got the inside of the track from his opponents at Syracuse, He has managed to out-mancuvre them by adhering strictly to the regular usages of the party, and by leaving the election of the delegates to the Charleston Convention to the people, according to the principles of popular sovereignty, There can be little doubt, there- fore, that on the fssue of popular sovercignty he will completely overthrow his antagonists at Chosivvivn, Permando Wood ig aot dgad yet, The Debates of Congress—Arra: for Reports Next Winter. Some fifteen or sixteen years ago the New York Henatp inaugurated thowsystem of giving full reports of Congressional debates. Up to that time none but the most meagre and imper- fect accounts of the proceedings of Congress ever found their way into the papers. The Congressional Globe, which was established by Blair & Rives in 1833, and which now gives verbatim reports of both houses, gave then only a mere outline of the proceedings. The enterprise of the Hxrrwp, in spreading before the public full and accurate reports of the doings of Congress, was fully appreciated, and soon afterwards the Globe, stimulated by our success, organized a corps of Congressional reporters and entered uponits present system of full reports. The next step in our career of Congressional reporting was the use of the telegraph. At great expense to ourselves we commenced the practice of telegraphing the proceedings of both houses. Mr. Calhoun, who was then in the fulness of his great power and popularity, and whose epigrammatic style of oratory was peculiarly suited to the telegraph, expressed himself astonished at the accuracy with which his famous speeches were reported, telegraphed and published in the Hxratp; and he looked forward to the time when, through such enter- prize and the use of such means, all the pro- ceedings of Congress would be, through the journals of this metropolis, placed before the whole people of the United States. We are approaching that period. For many years past the New York press has had con- densed reports of the debates in Congress tele- graphed at very considerable expense. But it has now become manifest that these abstracts are unsatisfactory, and that much fuller re- ports should be given. We intend to supply that want of the public by keeping at the capi- tal several accomplished reporters, who will furnish us by telegraph with from four to six or eight columns per day, according to the interest and importance of the proceedings. We believe that this feature of the Heranp will be fully appreciated by the people of the United States. At present the general public have to remain in almost entire ignorance of the sayings and doings of their representatives in Congress. The reports to the press are altogether too meager. The Washington papers that do give full reports are confined in their circulation to the District of Columbia. It is only through the New York papers that the people at darge can have information spread before them. The journals of the other cities and towns of the Union cannot afford the necessary outlay. Public men have long recognized the disad- vantage under which they labored in that re- spect. No matter how creditable to themselves their Congressional career may be, the evidence thereof is locked up in the mausoleum of the Washington Globe, whence it rarely if ever emerges. Itis only through the medium of ihe New York papers that they can hope for full publicity of their acts, The Postmaster General might aid us and them very much if he were to rearrange the transportation of the mails between Washing- ton and New York in such a way as would pro- mote the public convenience. At the begin- ning of last session the Senate gave him full authority, by resolution, to do so; but no im- provement has since taken place. The change which we suggest, and which we ask bim in the general interest of the public to effect, is this:—The afternoon exprass train leaves Wash- ington at forty minutes past 3 P.M., but does not reach New York till about the same hour next morning. Let him, in conjunction with the railroad companies, so arrange the schedule that not more than eight or nine hours shall be occupied in the trip, That is not asking too much. We would thus be able to get at mid- night full reports of the proceedings of Con- gress up to three, or half past three o'clock P. M., and could supply the rest by telegraph. The same expedition observed with the morn- ing express train, to leave here at six o’clock, would enable members of Congress to have the New York papers early in the afternoon, in which they would find reports of and comments on their speeches of the preceding day. The advantage of the arrangement would be par- ticipated in by all the cities north, south and west of us, Eyen now, notwithstanding the tediousness of mail trains, the New York papers of to-day are received in Cincinnati to-morrow, in St. Louis the next day, in Memphis the third day, in Vicksburg the fourth, and in New Or- leans the fifth. We expect that within a year or two this time will be very considerably di- minished. Is there any reason why the afternoon train from Washington should not arrive in New York before midnight? None whatever. The whole distance between the two cities is two hundred and twenty-six miles. Say that the running time is eight hours, or less than thirty miles an hour. Allow another hour for una- voidable delay in crossing the Susquehanna, Baltimore and Philadelphia, and then we have the journey made in nine hours. The regular time between New York and Boston, two hun- dred and thirty miles, is, by the afternoon ex- press train, eight hours and ten minutes; and we have had a special train run between the two cities, several years ago, when the road was not in perfect condition, in seven hours and a half. We think, therefore, that we are not too exacting in asking that the express train be- tween New York and Washington shall be run within nine hours. If necessary, the hour of starting might be changed to three P.M. We commend the subject to the attention of the Postmaster General. If he fail to act in the premises, let Congress direct him to do so. In the meantime, we will have the proceed- ings of Congress reported by telegraph. The capabilities of that instrument of communica- tion have been fully demonstrated in the Web- ster trial, the Sickles trial, and just now in the Syracuse Convention, where fif- teen thousand words were transmitted after eight o'clock ih the evening and published the next morning. The only ad- vantage which tle London papers enjoy over the New York papers arises from the fact that Parliament sits in London. This enables the former to give each morning full reports of the preceding night's debates. The disadvantage under which we labour in that regard must be counterbalanced by our own enterprise. This will enable us, with the mail facilities which we ask, to cope with the Lon- don papers in the length of our Congressional reports, and will make Washington and the other cities of the Union still more dependent on the Metropolitan press of New York than they vy eu 2yw are, The Finances of the Government and the Country. Notwithstanding the efforts which aro being constantly made to diffuse correct views on financial questions throughout the community, there yet remain quite a number of newspapers and public speakers who impute it to Mr. Buchanan as a fault, that though he took office with a surplus in the Treasury he has been compelled to borrow money over and above the ordinary revenues of the government to carry on the public service, In some localities the alleged “extravagance” of the administra- tion is the staple cry of the opposition leaders; not a week passes but some journal winds up a political tirade against the President with the tremendous peroration that he entered tho White House with a magnificent surplus in the Treasury, and that when he leaves it the coun- try will be deeply in debt. If there be any respectable men, not politi- cians, who have been deluded by these state- ments, they should lose no time in making themselves acquainted with the statistical and financial history of the government; from a careful study of which they will speedily dis- cover that the deficiency of revenue which compelled the government to borrow money under the present administration arose from causes with which Mr. Buchanan has had no more to do than the Pepe, and that instead of leaving the White House with a floating debt running against the government, there is a prospect that Mr. Buchanan, like Mr. Pierce, will go out leaving a large eurplus behind him. The revenue of the United States government depends on causes far beyond the control of statesmen or politicians. About nine-tenths of the ordinary revenues of the government are derived from customs duties, which of course are proportioned to the amount of importa- tions, which in their turn fluctuate according to the general prosperity of the country and the amount of bank and general credit expan- sion. When the country is prosperous, credit general, and the banks widely expanded, the receipts from duties are large, and the pub- lie revenue increases till it exceeds the expenditure and leaves a surplus; when, on the contrary, the country is poor, trade depressed, and the banks con- tracted, the customs receipts fall off and the public revenue falls below the expenditure, leaving a deficit, and compelling the govern- ment to borrow. Over these movements ad- ministrations have no control whatever. It was the fortune of Mr. Pierce to be President when the country enjoyed unexampled pros- perity, and the customs revenue left a surplus each year, It has been thus far the lot of Mr. Buchanan to be President during a period of general distress and depression, and hence the customs revenue has fallen largely short of the public expenditure. All that governments can do is to check extravagant expenditure in flush times, and to enforce rigid economy when times are hard. That Mr. Pierce neglected, while Mr. Buchanan has faithfully performed this duty, a glance at the figures will show. During the fiscal year 1852-3, during which Mr. Pierce was inaugurated, the total revenue was $61,500,000, of which $58,931,865 were de- rived from customs—both unexampled amounts at that time. That year the expenditure was $54,577,061, and the Treasury showed asurplus when it ended. That surplus, which the in- creasing prosperity of the country continued to swell year after year, Yed Mr. Pierce’s ad- ministration into habits of unprecedented wastefulness. The following figures will show how the public expenditure increased with the increase of income:— Years. Total Revenue. From Customs. Expenditures. 2 $61,500,000 $58,931,000 $54,577,000 78,802,000 64,224,000 75,473,000 53,025,000 66,164,000 64,022,000 72,726,000 63,875,000 71,585,000 crisis of 1857, which was caused by over expansion on the part of the banks and overtrading generally, left Mr. Buchanan, the first fiscal year of his administration, almost without a revenue, The public expenditure was still on the extravagant scale established by his predecessor; but the customs revenue, influenced by the above causes, fell from $63,875,905 im 1856-7 to $41,789,620 in 1857-8. Under our financial system the government is helpless in such a crisis as this, and can only borrow, and meanwhile economise. The tariff might certainly have been raised again; butas it would soon have required to be again reduced, it was thought best to borrow, and a five per cent loan of $20,000,000, payable in fifteen years, and $20,000,000 of Treasury notes, ma- turing in twelve months, were issued. Simub taneously the President set to work vigorously to restore economy into the public administra- tion. Two years have elapsed since the crisis, and the country is already far advanced on the re- turning wave of prosperity. The revenue last fiscal year—of which the official returns will be closed in a few days—exceeded the expendi- ture, and enabled the government to pay off some of the Treasury notes. The revenue this fiscal year will in ail probability be as large as that of 1856-57; and so energetically has Mr. Buchanan prosecuted the work of re- trenchment that, though the Mormon rebellion has involved unusual outlay, it is expected that the expenditure will not exceed $63,000,000— considerably less than the expenditure of any year since 1852-3. Itis quite likely that by the time he vacates the White House all the Treasury notes may be paid off and an accu- mulating surplus left in the Treasury for his successor. . The prospects of the country justify this ex- pectation. It is estimated at the Treasury De- partment that the importations this fiscal year (1859-60) will amount to $390,000,000, about $30,000,000 more than those of 1866-7. We will venture the prediction that the exports of all commodities this fiseal year will ex- ceed $400,000,000, The cotton crop will, it is well known, be unprecedented. The amount of new land planted has been very large, and from all the reports from the cotton districts the most experienced members of the trade look for a crop exceeding 4,000,000 bales, probably 125,000 bales more than the great crop of 1858, the greatest ever grown. That this cotton will continue to rule at its present high price, the prospects of comimerce throughout the world justify the belief. It is generally adinitted that the wheat crop this year is the largest ever raised ; ite amount is roughly estimated at 200,000,000 bushels, It is not likely that the price will rule high, as the stocks through- out the world ave heavy; but the European crops, we know, are below an average, and lat- terly the home demand for consumption has jofl us yery lite wheat foroxportata low price, We notice, too, that the apprehonsions gene- rally experienced some time since, to the effect that the farmers would hoard their wheat, are not being verified; last week’s receipts at Chicago were 474,030 bushels of wheat and 22,636 barrels of flour, against 134,859 bushels of wheat and 19,166 barrels of flour same week last year. Finally, the gold crop is steadily increasing, and will enable us to send $60,000,000 a year abroad without inconvenience ; while the trade tables show that the miscellaneous articles of produce which we export are amounting every year to alargeraggregate. Thore is every yeara larger foreign demand for our products of the forest and of the sea, and for several classes of American manufactures, If to this we add that the trade of the coun- try is generally in a sound and healthy condi- tion, that the banks are not unduly expanded, that no new enterprises are consuming large amounts of capital, that we are building no more railroads, that extravagance is less general than it was before the crisis, enough will have been said to justify the belief that the country at large and the government finances in par- ticular will be in a far healthier and more pros- perous condition when Mr. Buchanan leaves the White House than when he first went there, Our Two Democratic Platforms on the Slavery Question. The following resolutions on the slavery question in the Territories have been adopted, the one by the Albany Regency faction at Syracuse as their platform, and the other by the Mozart Hall or anti-Regency faction:— THR REGENCY PLATFORM. THR ANTI-REGENOY PLATFORM. Resolved, That we approve Resolved, That the na- and reiterate tho principles tional democracy of the laid down in the cinnati State of New York, through platform as the true creed of their delegates in’ conven- the democratic party, and tion assembled, reiterate its that wo deny theright of any fidelity to the constitution power except the democracy of the United States, believ- of the nation, in convention ing that instrument, with assembled, to add to or the compromises made abridge this creed of the thereunder, and as con- party. This creed, so far as strued by the supreme Ju- regards the question of sla- diciary of the land, should very in the Territories, leaves be rigidly maintained and such questions as belong to the courts to the construo- tion of the Judiciary; and Congress on that subject bas no power, the democracy re- garding the interference of that body to exclude the South from participating ia the Territories, and the pro- position for a Congressional slave code, as equally repug- nant to the spirit of the con- stitution and uncalled for by any consideration of public expediency. Here it'will be seen that Mr. Douglas as well as Governor Wise receives the cold shoulder from both sides, and that the Regency faction and the Mozart Hall faction have each shaped their resolution with wonderful caution so as to avoid a commitment to the Northern or Southern ultras in the Charleston Convention, The anti-Regency resolution, however, is very foggy in regard to the “supreme Judiciary of the land,” though we presume it was intended to cover the exact ground of the more explicit pronunciamiento of the Regency. Thus, accepting the two resolutions as sub- stantially the same, it will be perceived that both factions of the New York democracy, in renouncing the sectional dogmas of Wise and Douglas, take the ground that over the subject of slavery in the Territories “Congress has no power;” and that, having no power over the subject, that body cannot exclude slavery from any Territory nor pass any law for the protec- tion of slavery in any Territory of the Union. This, it seems to us, is running the principle of non-intervention into downright nonsense. Congress, within the constitution, is supreme in its power over the Territories. This fact is illustrated in every organic act of every Terri- tory, including the Kansas-Nebraska bill. No legitimate Territorial government can be or- ganized except under an act of Congress pre- scribing its boundaries, civil officers and form of government, including the times, places and mode of conducting the local elections, and in- cluding the limitations of the right of suffrage to the Territorial people. Congress may thus withhold or extend to any unorganized Terri- tory a Territorial government, and may modify or abolish any existing Territorial government at its pleasure. Congress, within this sovereign range of power, may acquire new Territories from foreign States, with or without slavery, or may dispose of any Territory to a foreign State. This power on the part of Congress to acquire was settled in the acquisition of Texas, and this power to cede away was settled in the cession of a portion of the original Louisiana purchase (Texas) to Spain in exchange for Flo- rida. In this connection, as the constitution recog- nizes slavery as a local institution, the crea- ture of local law, and as to Congress belongs the power to bestow the organic local law of the Territories, the power to admit or exclude slavery is necessarily involved. But this power, like the power to prohibit the States from issuing bills of credit, and the power to pass a general bankrupt law, is subject to the discretion of Congress. And so, while with regard to slavery in the Territories Congress may pass the Wilmot proviso, or a slavery pro- tecting code, it may be the wisest course to do neither of these things, but to leave slavery subject to the laws of climate, settlement and the decisions of the federal courts. There has not as yet been any judicial deci- sion upon the subject. The Dred Scott decision does not touch it. All that was determined by that decision was that Dred Scott, a negro, was not a citizen of the Uuited States within the meaning of the constitution, and that accord- ingly his case did not come within the juris- diction of the court. Beyond this judgment the opinions of Judge Taney are worth no more than those of Judge McLean, for beyond this question there was nothing in the case before the court. We cannot deny the sovereignty of Congreas over the Terrilories, including slavery, without running into absurditics, We cannot exercise this sovereignty, as the two sections now stand against each other, without running into dan- ger. We cannot adopt the policy of Mr. Doug- las without reviving in every new Territory, more or “less, the border ruffidn atrocities of Kansas. We must fall back upon the non-inter- vention policy of the administration; and the two factions of the New York ;democracy in taking this direction have sagaciously detect- ed the drift of the wind in reference to the Charleston Convention, although in denying to Congress all power over the snbject they over- shoot the mark. promptly enforced by the executive powers of the fe- deral government in every State and Territory, and that this duty will apply to the protection of persons and property in the Terri- tories. Wuaat We are Anovr.— Some of our cotem- poraries have lately taken a very marked inter- est in our destination. The Hon, Massa Greeley is exceedingly anxious that we shall be a candidate for the Mayoralty, in order to nthe way to other places for the philgsq- phere of the Tribune. The Chevalier Webb d sires to got us out of the way by means of Londen or Paris mission, which he sists upon forcing upon us. We really and truly grateful for these m:; of appreciation on the part of our temporaries, but we must say at th same time that we prefer our prasent positig and present work of putting down silly ne papers, and exposing the tricks and swindles the knavish politicians, to any other sthat coul be offered to us. We are now engaged in organizing a com tent corps of reporters to give daily verbati reports of the proceedings of thenext Cong The cost of this enterprise will be from fifty a hundred thousand dollars, and we expect th our cotemporaries who wish to keep up wit the progress of metropolitan journalism join with us and pay their portion of the ex pense. This movement will completely use the Washington papers, which are mere gazette of the debates and spongers upon the pub! funds. Progress of the Telegraph—A_ G Round About the Earth, The progressive strides which the telegra; system is taking over the entire globe promise before long to realize Puck’s conceit of puttin a girdle round about the earth. In this cou try we have already fifty thousand miles of electric chain spanning the continent, and other portions of the world telegraphic enter prise is vigorously developing itself. Th latest and not least important project on foot the connection of India and Australia by me of submarine telegraph cables; a design whio may at first seem somewhat difficult of accom plishment, but which, after all, is rendere comparatively easy when we consider tho o merous intermediate points between the twa continents furnished by the islands of the dian archipelago. The communication is in| tended to be effected by the united action of the governments of England and Holland The English home government and the East India government bind themselves to connec the Indian peninsula with the island of Sing pore; the Dutch government agrees to carry out the connection to the southeast point of the island of Java, which belongs to Holland, and the Australian government will unite their con: tinent to Java. The cable linking Singapore to Java has already left for its destination, to be laid in November next, and that from Indi to Singapor@will be laid down in the ensuing] spring. When this is accomplished we shall no doubt have cables laid between the Aust lian continent and the islands of Van Diemen's Land and New Zealand; and thus the continent of Asia will be in telegraphic comumnicatio: with the whole of that young vigorous world| which lies far off in the Southern Ocean. And not only will Asia but America also be in direct connection with this part of the globe in the event of the success of the Atlantic tele- graph, for the line running by the India over- land route, across the Red Sea, will connect India and China with England. Thus we shall be enabled to receive despatches from our cor- respondents in Canton, Calcutta and Melbourne; and this is only a moiety of what the telegraph is destined to accomplish. Even in Persia telegraphic enterprise is mani- festing itself, the first line having been recently laid, which extends from the city of Teheran to the Camp of Shultanish, a distance of ahundred and twenty miles, In the United States we are connecting the Pacific and Atlantic coasts by the newly pro- ected extension of the lines from St.Louis to San Francisco, by Fort Smith and Los Angeles, and by Atchison to Salt Lake, a considerable portion of which is already constructed. The Russian government, meantime, is making aline to the Amoorcountry, which in course of time will doubtless connect with San Fran- cisco, and extend its branches through the whole Russia-American and Asiatic-Russian territory, and thence to St. Petersburg, as well as through the British dominions on the Pacific. Here we shall have the entire globe girthed around with telegraph lines, The effect of all this upon the newspaper press can be foreseen. Many of these projected lines will be completed within five years, and by that time the entire foreign and domestic news columns of the Hera.p, except those devoted to city intelligence and editorials, will be filled with intelligence by telegraph. The Post Office will be superseded by — the telegraph office, and our correspondents will drop their communications into the latter instead of the former establishment. Moreover, we shall then have in our office a telegraphic apparatus of our own for the transaction of our private business, by which we can communicate in- stanter from our editorial rooms with our cor- respondents in all parts of the United States by means of the general wires of the different lines. Should the Atlantic cable be success- fully laid down next year, we may expect to see two or three more in operation from other parts of Europe. Spain is even now preparing such a connection with Cuba, and France will certainly not leave transatlantic communica- tion by telegraph wholly in the hands of Eng- land and Spain. Ten years will not have passed, then, before we shall have several Atlantic telegraphs in operation, and by their ageney we will be able, with the aid of our editorial apparatus, to hold direct intercourse with our correspondents in all the leading cities of Europe, Asia and Aus- tralia, as well as in the United States and Canada. This is something grand and startling to con- template, but it is nevertheless morally certain to be the result of the marvellous progress of the electric telegraph. Who Organized the Rowdyism in the Democratic Convention? It is curious to see how the truth is coming out about the real authors of the rowdyism im the Democratic Convention, just as it came out in the case of the Wise-Donnelly letter. In both cases the guilty parties, with the adroit- ness and brazen confidence of the pickpocket who shouts “Stop thief!” attempted to saddle others with their own acts. On this subject we publish o letter from Sy- racuse, written by a reliable correspondent, who shows that the Regency party hired the hall and had complete control of it—that it was in their possession before the meeting,and that they issued the titkets by which it was packed with rowdies from New York and elsewhere, But, of course, they were not the fools to give tickets to the bullies of their political oppo- nents, bu% gave them to their own, who got up the row to order, for the purpose of charging iton the leaders of the ether side aad throwing