The New York Herald Newspaper, September 15, 1859, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, SEPTE NEW YORK HERALD JAMES GORDON BENNETT, | evening to take into consideration the erection of | spinted discussion took place. A series of resola- tions were adopted, and & committee appointed to | wait opon the Mayor and the Common Council ask- Renee Nirah ing for the use of that site for a market bouse, for ole oo sein. cca a foney nent hy matl wilt nt” de accowmodation of the up town people on the Tk nalLy HERALD, meet er UL || west side of the city, THE WEBKLY HERALD, every eae, ches cone per | In consequence of a large increaso in the re- wry, the Europes Haition cory We inriad | ceipte of beef cattle laat week, holders were com it oF the Continent, both to tnctute ze le pelled to grant a concession of fully one cent a oF cach moat fe | Dound, the range being from 60. to 10o., incladiag ail kinda. Cows and calves were unchanged in FULTON AND NAMBAT STS OFFIOS MW. W. OOKNRK py, or $1 5), PnP PAMILY HERALD on Wednesday, ut four conte per | or ‘aren oLontanT CORRESPONDENCE, containing Uti he | price. Veal calvas were in fair request at 3c. to news, tilt tom 6c, Sheep and lambs were plenty, and in mode- Gerais meet for war Dow Foneien Shuwinrns ona Ake | han QURSTED TO Real Alt rate inquiry at trom €2 to $6 per head, as to quatity. Swine were moderateiy active at from jc. to 6jc. uy" tos We cto not the receipts (inciuding 1,378 head of cattle at Her- ‘NO MOTICE taken of anonymous correspontence rotern comen urd uitions. ADV MENTS renewed every cay advertisements in carted dm the Wauxcy Hunan, Pamir Tanai, und inthe Caeenm cod Beropeon Bititions, and de | &YD) Were:—4.950 head cat le, 148 cows, 555 veals, | epatch. 12,829 sheep and lambs, and 2,986 swine. The sales of cotton yesterday embraced about 600 serene Nae B56 Volume XXIV... balcs, closing steady upon the basis of quotations in = ancther column, The cotton statisties for tho commercial AMUSEMENTS THIS KVKNING. year ending September 1, 1859, have attracted more than us! ‘tention, on account of the crop having exceeded, by et t 323,636 bales, any other ever grown in the country. ‘The amount exported, we showed yesterday was the largest ever before recorded, and the amoun’ taken for domestic consumption also proved the largest ever before known. The interest felt in the cotton move mute for the past year have beon such as to induco seve ral parties in the trade to publish interesting tabular statements, among which we may notice those by Messrs Freverickson & Weeden and by Messrs Win. P. Wright & Co., and that as usual prepared by the shipping and com- mercial list, Tt appears that of the total crop of 1858-59, of 3,851,481 bales, New Orleans received 1,669,274 bales, or more than one-third of the whole amount. Texas sup- D piled 199,002; Mobile, 704,400; Florida, 173,484; Georgia, BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics Hall, 472 Broadway.— | 475,788; South Carolina, 480,653; North Carolina, 37,482, BUULEOGEE Bones, Dances, do.—Dinine’ Lawn. and Virginia, $8,611 bales. In 1823-4 the crop. of cotton grown in the United States war only 509,158 bales; and in 1827-28, only thirty-one years siuce, he crop was only 727,027 bales, less than bas been taken within the past year for consumption in the United States. The prosent statistics show that the great increase in the cu'tivation of Sea Island cotton has been in Florida, which grew 20,363 bales; South Carolina 18,734; and Goorgia 10,152 bales. Total 49,039 bales. Sea Island sells a. nearly about one-third higher rates than the short staplet South Carolina and Georgia for a long period produced the largest amounts; it now seems that Florida has gone ahead of them. The total consumption north of Virginia 1858-59 is estimated at 760,218 bales, and south o! Virginia at 167,408 bales. It is probable, from all accounts, that the crop of 1859-60 may reach, ifnot exceed 4,000,000 baies; and that ere long New Orleans will receive 2,000,000 bales. There are many striking features connected with the grewth and movements of this leading American sta. ple, which our want of room at the present time compels us to omit. We may mention, however, that the connec- tion formed, directiy or indirectly, by railways between Memplis and Nashville, with the Atlantic ports, bas ma- teriaily added to their importance as cotton receiving ng depots. The receipts at Memphis last year «1 10 325,480 bales agaiust 72,000 in 1851-'52. 0: "s receipts, 241,546 were forwarded to New and have been counted in the receipts of that £3,000 were shipped up the river aad probably ACADEMY Ornua—Nowua NIBLO'R) GARDEN, broadway.—Rvourioms ox THE Tew Horx—TearnicnoRe—Mavie PULA. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Muta Srr—(ianex Mon- erez—Juuse Jom. LAURA KFENE'R THEATRE, 6% Broadway.—Woris amp Stack, OF MUSIC, Fourteenth sireet—Irauan NEW BOWKRY THEATRE, Bowery.—La Tour pe Nein —My Puscioes bersy—Gotnex Axe. RARNUMS AMERICAN MUSEUM. Broadway.—After- poon—Saven Ciescs—No, Evening—Firu Dotoumas— Viens ARTinads. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 114 Sroadway.—Eraiorian Sones, noms, £0.—Karnoan Suasn Ur NIBLO'® SALOON, Broadway.—J. KE. Hawxeza’s Daaw- ina Ri Keren’ ENT. New York, Thursday, September 15, 185%, Owing to the great we are compelled to ask our advertising friends to come tour aid und help us to get our paper to press. (hey cau accomplish by sending ia their advertisements Tais at as early an hour inthe cay and evening as pe AU advertisements should te handed in tefo o'ctork ut might. Those handed in after that hour will have to tale heir chance as regards classification. ne The New York Democratic State Convention met at Syracuse at noon yesterday, and a very rowdy time they had of it, The Wood men organized the Convention, and nominuted candidates for State officers, and also decided to elect delegates in the Congressional districts to represent the State in the Charteston Convention. The softs resoived that the State Convention shoold appoint the delegates to Charleston. A full report of the proceedings may be found in our columns this morning. ® By the arrival of the North Star at this city on Tueedsy morning from Aspinwall, which port she left on the 6th iust., we have interesting news from Central America and the South Pacific re- publics. Fuil details are given in another colamn In Costa Rica they have bad a bloodless revolu tioa, the President, Juan Rafael Mora, having been arrested in his palace by two military officers on the morning of the I4tn of August, conveyed under & military escort to Punta Arenas, and there placed oo board tho steamer Guatemala and sent out of the country. The act of banishment extended also revious afternoon 10,000 bags of Rio had boon to his brother, Geveral Jose Josquia Mors, his | iu in that market at Myc. alle. Freight engago- brother-in-law, General Canas, and Don Manuel Ar euis were moderate, while rates Were quite steady and guello, the Treasurer. The conspiracy is suid to jange in quotations. have been batcbed and the treason perpetrated under British influence. President Mora is now » sojoutner in this city, having arrived on board the uc of the Factions Adjcurned to Charles- North Star, with sc verai other distinguished Costa tom. Ricans. The government of Costa Rica is ia the T meantime administered by Senor Mouteslegre as | He Provisional President. An interesting history of | yy ai this revolntionary movement is given in another], part of to-day’s paper. " The Philadelphia reached this port yesterday evening from Havana, with reports to the 9th inst. There was a great financial excitement in the city in consequence of the royal order permitting the Bank of Havana to uda one million of dollars to its capital stock. There was much doubt as to the future operation of the measure. It was hoped that toreign steamships would be allowed to be bougnt and piaced ender the Spanish flag without pay probibitory duties. Severs surcides and the ki! ofaman by the police had occurred in the city ‘The sugar market was duil, and no trade in mo! ses Freights were merely nominal Excha on New York was at feow three to five per ceui premiom. Weather sul! hot, and of the city pot improved. The Havana Diario de la Marina, of the Ist inst., contains intelligeuce to the 27th of Au from Puerto Rico. The examination of the public schools of the island had taken place. and the re. suite were most s: ery. The pi the industrial and svriculiural expos place next year had been publ a. e had been very abundant rains in some pp of the country. but we returns of the crops was yet | ‘ # doobtful matter. Reference is made in the Porto Rico papers to the new Archvishoprick of St Do- mingo, apd the new candidate is favorably spoken of. The government was nsiog its efforts to for- iy the ae ar of bret ner : such circumstances, in another column will be found a report of the i; anus : ” Proceedings at the inquest in the case ithe ae i ieee 98 man, Francis Pacharme, who was so foniiy maz} CC¢4 OF yesterday's proceedings at Wieting dered at Clifton, Staten island, soise time since, | /Wl!, that a row and a riot took place, and that Suspicion at first fell upon the three yo found necessary to adjourn the Conven- bad picked bim nv sfter receiv ving ihe weaker party, for the time, in but yesterday of the hall. Bui strange to say, the ones hin. he nger party soon returned, and carried out slate 83 oi eas 1 their proceedings peaceably, including the and that it was Louis ly. It seems from resclutic to send delegates to Chasse mother's testimouy that Ducharme dreaded Keely y, this looks exceeding! ici on account of some old quarrel, and often said he if) Som sotee Sher ramie | Sreumtnes was afraid to remain out late for this reason. The like a sham fight and a good farce. inquest wil! be continued this atternoon, Fer our own peri, we have not much doubt The Councilmen's Committee on Streets met yes: | thet the riot wag got up to order by the Re terday to hear parties in reference to the extension | £¢Ncy, in order to throw odium upon their op- of Worth street from Sater to Custhain square. | ponents by making it appear that it originated Isaac Barker, of the Rutgers Insurance Company, | with them. ‘This is just like a game they stated that the improvement would almost entirely | would ploy—what they have actually done in ruin their property on Chatham square, which | the case of Governor Wise’s letter, cansing it amounts to $60,000, and the improvemeut wonld cost | ‘ ' sure: think tas wank Willian sSéhiay and others | to be published themselves, while they endea- owning property in the vicinity, argued in favor | “‘ red to throw the biame on others of the improvement of the street, alleging that it | One thing is clear, and that is that the de- would benefit sarge numberbf property hoidersaud | mecrucy of the State will be split in two by be a public convenience to the citizens generally. | the policy of the Regency, just as they were They also reminded the committee that there waa! jn 1655. ‘There is a double organization, But pot a neil perisi ic apd | the fight is adjourned to the Charleston Con- at a time of — i wilt setae j vention. The Mozart Hall men who adjourned ‘The Emigrat ia ok mt to the Voorhees House wisely nominated the et Castle Garden. The C, “ a Marine | S*™€ ticket which it was known the Regency Hospital Affairs reported resolution» censuring Dr. intend to nominate today. They appointed a Jerome for not miorming the employés of the | State Central Committee. and have given the Marine Hospital of the reduction of their salaries, | people the opportunity of voting by districts and various other minor acts of insubordination, | for delegates to the Charleston Convention. pra tn that the resolutions be sentto| This will render their organization pe wave aban preterm twas popular, and perhaps determine the of pos are trrived.-during the week i National Convention as to their choice between making the number for the year so far 53,998. The the two sets of delegates. Our despatch states Delance of the commutation fond 8 now $25,735 39, | {St Where is panic among the Regency on ac The Exoise Commuioners held the fr. meeting | COUNt of this separate organization, and weil yesterday since the lapse of their summer recess | there may be. This divisiou, notwithstanding Twelve licemes were granted and ong deuied. that the two State tickets may coincide, is cal- culued to weaken the democracy and give or; und 20,000 bales"were shipped North from Nash Je. The aupplies, which went directly east by railways, © not stated, a large portion of which was likely gathere:i from ipterior poiuts along their routes. The four market y was heavy, and fur somo descriptions lower, tisposition tw realize on the part of holders ag tod the sale, Wheat was heavy and lower, while Corn was without change of moment, erably active. Pork was firmly held, with © of mess at $15, aud primo at $10 $10 $10 314 = were steady, with sales of about 700 a bhds. and abont 1,700 a 1,800 boxes. at ates given in another place. Coffee was firmer, and the sales aggregated about 6,256 bags, chietly Rio, at s ranging from Ie. a 12c., and a telegraphic despatch terday from Baltimore, stated that yesterday interio were fair. The Democratic State Convention—Bat- treachery of the Albany Regency to \. Wise has brought forth its appro- «fruit. The fraud bas been consummated use by a vote to appoint delegates to he Churleston Convention. The democracy of his State have thus been treated with con- tempt, and instead of being permitted to elect the men they wished to repre sent nem in the National Convention nate a candidate for the Presidency, he Albany Regency, consisting of Confidence Cass! Cagger, Comstock, Corning, Rich- mond & Co., have taken the selection out of r hands and arranged it themselves. This tituted oligarchy in effect tell the peo *, * You are blockheads; you don’t know enough to cheese proper delegates to nomi- a candidate for the Presidency; we ise men of the State; have conti , and leave the whole matter ds, and when we have fixed upon our own n then we will condescend to allow you to vote for him.” ‘thus are our democratic institutions practi- urned into the despotism of an oligarchy, @ the sovereign people are treated as mere bers or negro slaves, who have no right to dact for themselves. But the end is not yet. A day of reckoning is to come. It uins to be seen how the Charleston Conven- rion will receive a delegation appointed under on nate cramime of to take bin ag men who } x the blow; ther, and the priest who at | pc rd that on several occasions the kuew who deait the A mona mectiog was lvld ia Jickson Hall last * | a market house on the site of Fort Gansevoort. 4 | { strength to the republicans in the ensuing State elections, to say nothing of the chances of | the Regency delegates being rejected at Charles- , ton, or of another split and fight taking place | there, which will break up the Convention in “ moet admired disorder.” Certain it is that the dissatisfaction among the democracy of this State at forestaliing them in the appointment of delegates to Charleston, will be such that it wil! demoralize the party and cause thousands to remain away from the polls in the fall elections, ‘Thus will the proverb be realized in politics, ag well as in other things, that “honesty is the best policy,” and a heavy retribution will be visited upon the heads of the Albany clique. They have sown the wind, and they will yet reap the whirlwind. | The Treaty with Mextco—What it Will and Will Not Accomplish. The recently negotiated treaty with Mexico, now under consideration at Washington, con- ains certain stipulations of great importance to this country. A settlement of the basis of our transit route Intercourse with the countries south of us, combining the safety of transit, the passage of closed mails, troops and munitions of war, and ihe establishment of free ports of deposit 1 either ocean, is a question the importan:e of which needs no demonstration in the face of our growing empire on the Pacific shore, and of the vast travel and traffic between ourStates on either ocean. Inthe new Mexican treaty there is another point, the influence of which upon that very transit intercourse and the ma- terial interests of the Atlantic States will be very great. The silver sown territories of Southern California and Arizona now lie fallow for want of a short route for emigration and sup plies. The new treaty proposes to open this by the right of way to the Gulf of Cali fornia, and the use of a free port there, which Mexico stipulates to concede to us. The re alization of this project will be of incalcula ble benefit to our own territory and to the neighboring Mexican State of Sonora. It would pour in there a flood of industrious emi grants, who would redeem the wild, and soon set in motion the masses of precious metal tha! now lie sleeping beneath its surface. Such a movement as this would quicken the commer- cial elements of all the western shore of the continent, from the mouth of the Gila down to the Isthmus of Tebuantepec, and give an im- pulse to industry and trade on this side not se cond to the golden opening of California. The diffiulties that stand in the way of this great movement are such as the President has ong foreseen and strenuously endeavored to yemove. The rapid growth of our trans-Isth- mus interests makes their safety an object of paramount consideration, and every day of de tay, by increasing the volume of travel, rea ders its attainment more difticn!t. In view of the disordered political-state of the coun- tries holding the domain of several oi the Isthmus routes, the President has re- peatedly urged upon Congress to vest in the Executive the power to use the forces of the governmeat in any sudden emergency that should peril the interests of our citizens on any of the Isthmuses. This is the trne remedy for the existing evil, and Congress hould have acted on the sagacious and patri- otic advice of Mr. Buchanan. It has not chosen odo so, and on that log-rolling and jealous body must rest the odium of any misfortune hat may happen to our interests on the Isthmus outes. The President has endeavored to pro- vide for such an emergency by treaty stipula- ions with the Powers in question, but a mis- apprehension of the friendly and just spirit that animates him has created difficulties on their part also. Even if they should consent that the United States should be the judge of any emergency requiring the landing of troops, it is doubtful if Congress would consider a treaty stipulation sufficient to authorize the President to use the national forces without pecial act. Under these accumulating obstacles, there is eason to doubt whether a treaty stipulation, a ought in the cases of Nicaragua and Mexico will meet the evil, and whether an insistance :pon their reluctant consent may not in the end prove prejudicial to us. Misapprehendia the spirit of this government, the measure ba- «wakened a feeling of jealousy on the part o the governments south of us, in the unfounde: belief that our policy aims at eventual occupa tion of those territories. There is anothe: argument used by them which is not withou ts weight. They assert that they must grant to European Powers whatever they graat t us, and that if the principle of landing troops 3 willis once established, it may soon be extend to the protection of claimants of all kinds, an to the placing of British officers in the custow houses of Mexico, and French troops in Nic ragua to protect the rights of Monsieur Belly We are confident that the President has n wish to enforce such extravagant principles a: these arguments imply; and, as in astrict point of view the concession in regard to the right of protecting the Tehuantepec isthmus, whic! now delays the signing of the valuable treat with Mexico, amounts to an immaterial confes- sion of weakness on her part, without confer- ring any real strength on us, it may well be waived in furtherance of the other valuable ob jects of the negotiation. Should Mexico prove in- competent to protect the transit, we are as fully empowered by the practice of nations to defend cur interests there as we could be by her pre- monitory consent to the landing of troop: Congress should confer upon the Executive the power of action in case of emergency, and i is to be hoped that it will do so at the next ses sion. Axerican Locouotives is Cure.—We print elsewhere an entertaining description of a trial of strength and speed between four railroad locomotives, two British and two American constructed for the Great Southern (Chilean) Railway. It seems that there has been quite an excitement in Chile during the last two years as to the relative merits of the iron horses made by John Bull and Brother Jona- than—the English operatives turning up their ores at the bright, well kept, handsome Yankee machines, and cur people, no doubt, paying them back in kind by jokes levelled at the ponderous, black looking English lovomotive. which is, like everything English, at least in the jesse ical way, very heavy, very solid, an Reet itanic in appearance. [t seems, how ever, that the performance of the English loc: motives was nut equal to their promise, Th: heavy machine for the carrivge of freight was completely exbansied by » load which the Alserican locomotive carried with eae. Atier several attempte the English concern performed in eighty-eight minutes the work which the Yankee accomplished in leas than half that time. The defeat of Mr. Bull’s passenger car- ringe was even more signal. The American locomotive’s time was at the rate of sixty miles an bour, with a train weighing two hundred tons, with gradients of fifty-six feet to the mile. The English performance was never over thirty miles an hour with the same train. It is quite unnecessary to say that the ques- tion of superiority among the Chilenos, as between English and American loco- motives, is quite settled by this trial, which was made under the superinten- cence of an English engineer. It was a great triumph for our locomotives, but not the firat they have achieved abroad. The Rossians, who are, in the matter of the mechanic arts, the most liberal people in Europe, have always used our locomotives in preference to all others. Their great advantage is in the fact that they do the same work as the English ma- chines with half the fuel that the former re- quire. Deed el hs: Will the Zurich ference be a Fail- urel=Chances of a BHuropean Con- gress. The accounts received by the Ocean Queen eem to indicate a failure of the Zurich Con- ference. The only real point of difficulty in the treaty of Villafranca—that regarding the re- storation of the exiled princes—has been predetermined by the votes of their sub- jects, and it now remains to be seen whether Austria will quietly accept this decision. Louis Napoleon has done all which in good faith he was bound to do to carrry out the stipulation of the treaty concerning the Duchies, and al- though Austria may insist upon giving a more positive construction to it, the Emperor's decla- rations, both to the English government and the Italian delegates, show that he has no in- tention of employing force to carry out an ar- rangement which he must have viewed from the beginning as merely a contingent one. It is said that he even goes further than this, and that he bas given to the Mayor of Parma an as- surance that he will not permit any other Power to use violence to promote its political views in Central Italy. Under such circum- stances Austria has but the choice of two alter- natives:—either to make war again for objects which have become of minor importance to her, or to accept the proposition to which she has exhibited so much repugnance—that of re- ferring the settlement of Italy tos general Congress. For these resulta, either of which assures the objects of the programme put forth by Louis Napoleon befére entering on the recent cam- paign, the Italians have, in a measure, to thank iheir own good conduct. Had they suffered themselves to have been betrayed into the in- temperate demonstrations and rash acts coun- selled by Mazzini and his associates, and to which their temporary disappointments might have inclined them, they would have placed it out of the power of the French Emperor to se- cure their liberty of choice. It would have been reasonably argued that they were acting under the coercion of the red republicans, and that the resolutions that emanated from them had none of the elements of a free will. The good sense, unanimity and firmness with which hey have conducted themselves throughout the trying circumstances in which they bave been placed, have nut only rendered im- possible any such arguments, but have proved to the world their capacity for self government. And in this connection we cannot speak in terms of sufficient admiration of that noble minded and gallant patriot Garibaldi, to whose example and counsels the prudent course pur- sued by his countrymen is mainly due. He was wise enough to appreciate in all their con- sequences the plans of the French Emperor, and generous enough to recognise in the treaty of Villafranca a necessity which was not to be overcome. Now, whilst those plans are, in spite of the stipulations of the treaty, working out their objects satisfactorily, Garibaldi, like a faithful shepherd, continues to watch vigi- lantly over his trust, and to. guard against the dangers with which the perversity of fanatics like Mazzini threaten it. In his recent address to the army of Central Italy he tells it that he will repudiate any one who calls him- self a Mazzinian, a republican, a socialist, or even a Garibaldian, and that he will have none but soldiers and Italians. This is the language of a high-souled and disinterested citizen, who, inspired by a just appreciation of the political necessities of his country, is resolved that no personal claims or prejudices shall stand in the way of their attainment. It is no small satisfaction to those who, from the commencement of these complications, have recognized the elevated motives with which the French Emperor undertook the cause of Italy, to find his present course be- iying the suspicions which his sudden termina- ion of the war inspired in the minds of many. As we have always stated, the treaty of Villa- iranca was a necessity imposed upon him by a combination of adverse circumstances, and there can be no greater proof of the good jaith with which be acted in the matter than the readiness which he evinces to recognise the right of the people of the Duchies to the free choice of their institutions. What he conceded ¢ Austria it is now evident he granted under reservations, whilst the concessions that he wrung from her were positive and clearly de- \ined. Whatever, therefore, may have been the ulterior views, if any, which contributed to hasten the peace of Villafranca, it can no longer be charged against him that he sacrificed the rights of Italy by his anxiety io promote them. The proof of this lies in the fact, that by his recognition of the vote in the Duchies he renders a settlement of the affairs of Italy by the Zurich Conference im- possible, and compels its reference to a Euro- pen Congress. From the course which he has pursued on his point of the Villafranca treaty, it must be } also clear to every one that the Emperor only consented to the conference to conciliate the wounded amour propre of Austria, and that he has all along been in accord with Russia on the expediency of a general Congress. This has been from the commencement an ardently desiderated object with Alexander, who saw in it the means of revising the treaties by which at ihe close of the Crimean war barriers were opposed to the Eastern encroachments of Rus sia. He suggested it previous to the Italian campaign, he proposed it during the course of hostilities, and he has been urging it ever since the termination of the war. From the turn which things are taking, it seems almost cortain that Austria will ultimately be cowpelled to MBER. 15,. 1859.—TRIPLE, SHEET. ; accept the alternative from which she has hitherto shrunk. Thus her enforced sacrifices will not have availed to spare her the humilia- tion of being brought face to face in a settle- ment of accounts with the Powers whom she has alternately cajoled and betrayed. There isa retributive justice in this which, for the sake of other aggressed nationalities besides the Italians, will, we hope, not be limited to the present extent of her mortification. m in Costa Rica—English Intrigue Again. Among all the States of Central America the republic of Costa Rica has acquired the best reputation for consistency and good order, as well as for industry, enterprise and energy. Smallest in population, and with a bad geogra- phical position, she has nevertheless done most to develope industry and infuse life into the country. Her public men have been regarded ag the shrewdest, and, as concerns the great commercial movements of the age, amongst the intelligent of all Spanish-America. Of their number none probably have obtained a higher reputation than Juan Rafuel Mora, who for a number of years has been at the head of her governmen as President of the republic. It is believed with good rea on that he was the most efficient agent in crushing out Walker and his filibusters, and that to his foresight and statesmunsbip is due the pre- sent independence of Nicaragua and the settle- ment of the difficulties which so long estranged that State from Costa Rica. After filling the Presidential chair for two terms, he,was elected to # third term of six years, no longer ago than May last, by a large and nearly unani- mous vote. Suddenly this distinguished officer appears in our midst as a political refugee, an exile trom the country for which he has done so much, and of which he is the constitutional head. ‘The event bas taken every one ac- quainted with Central American politics by surprise, and the news will be received in Washington with astonishment. It will natu- rally be inquired, “What are the causes of this sudden revolution in Costa Rica, and of thus personal outrage on its most distinguished son?” It certainly cannot have been an ordi- nary and unmeaning convulsion which has brought about this result—no petty outbreak, concerted by a few conspirators, with the sole object of personal aggrandizement and tempo- rary lease of power. It may be suggested that the expulsion of Florantes, the Bishop of Costa Rica, by President Mora, for improper interference in matters outside of his sacred functions, may have been at the bottom of the demonstration against him. But it is well known that this was a really popu- lar measure, sustained by the intelligence and good sense of the people of Costa Rica. This hypothesis, therefore, fails to account for the revolution. It must be ascribed to more powerful and active influences, and those foreign to the country itself. Let us look at the names of the prime movers of the out- rage. Joy and Allpress are not Spanish, but English names; and furthermore, we find that the puppets who profess to manage the affairs of government, in place of the constituted authorities, are the re- latives by marriage and closely allied in inte- rest with the Englishmen and their adherenis whose names we have mentioned. Here we have the clue to the whole transaction. It has sprung from the busy, never-lumbering and un- scrupulous English interference in Central Ame- rican affairs which has in turn distracted every State of Central America and plunged it in civil war. Whether in the person of a bluster- ing bully, like Chatfield, « more adroit und equally dangerous but less open intriguer, like Wyke, or a smoother and quieter agent, like Ouseley, the policy of England has ever been the same. President Mora refused to enter into the treaty stipulations with Sir Gore Ousely which the latier required in regard to the Mosquito shore. He was asked to recognise, by formal treaty, the fact of the existence of a Mosquito King and nation, and to consent to pay an an- nual subsidy to that supposititious and shirtless monarch, in return for what? For a renuncia- tion by Great Britain, as his protector, to his assumed rights and sovereignty over a portion of the territory of Costa Rica. The President very naturally answered that he knew of no such rights, and that, so far as he was aware, there was not a single Mosquito Indian within the territorial limits of Costa Rica. He de- clined, therefore, peremptorily, to make the hu- miliating concessions and admissions required by the British envoy. ‘Then, and not till then, was there any symp- toms of any discontent with the government manifested in the State. Then there were se- eret conclaves at the British Legation and among the Englighmen connected with it and The Revola' their dependents, and a few corrupt officers | among the soldiers of the capital were brought over to the conspiring in- terest, and induced to trample on the constitution which they had sworn to sustain. Ly these forcibly, and without the knowledge of the people of Costa Rica, the President was seized and sent out of the country. The british agent recognizes eagerly the new order of things, and at once opens negotiations with the sutellites of his own whom he has placed in power. The resu!t will probably be nother sacrifice of the national rights and honor, if pot of the national territory, such as we bave lately witnessed in Guatemala, in the urrender of Kelize to the Bri crown. Such is the true explanation of the recent ngular and unexpected events in Costa Rica. iLere has been no revolution of the people against a government which has lost its confi- cence, but an outrage perpetrated without their knowledge by foreign and hostile agen- ries. We do not know that President Mora has sny special claim on our sympathy or support, except on the broad grourid of hostility to all foreign, and especially Hritish intervention, in the affairs of Central America. We are only anxious that Costa Rica and ber sisters may remain really independent and become pros- perous, As for, American ambitions and tion knock-downs and Tammany rows, must needs go and have it all out in a sort of strik- \ ere’ pilgrimage to Syracuse, which will become ere long as famous as the celebrated quadrt | lateral. Who knows that the elbows of the | Mohawk and the youthful sympathies of the | Central Railway may not, some day, afford am | admiring public another chef d’wuvre from | the facile pen of Mr. Jefferson Brick t As we write, the battle is going on between the harmonious democracy. It is the old fight which broke out just after the election of poor Pierce, and resulted in the split of 1853. Just | six years ago, toa day, there was a grand row at the Salt Works, an account of which we have reproduced from our files and printed, to show bow the democracy progresses im & purely physical point of view. In 1858 | there was a great struggle for the tom- porary organization of the Convention, and the bards, complaining that the softs broughs muscle to overawe mind, retired from the con- yention under protest and through fear of thele lives, as appears by the official record of their | proceedings. There was a good deal of nolse, ; and some respectable old gentlemen were boa- netted, had their corns trodden upon and re- ceived other indignities; but the retreat of the | hards, like Mr. Brick’s at Solferina, relieved ‘them from further dangers, real or imaginary. } But shoulder-hitting, like other branches of the ‘ fine arts, improves with age, and now there } have been real, solid, democratic, Sixth ward | Pewter Mug knocks, in which there has bees | much unterrified blood spilled, all, we presume, | for the harmony of the party. An eminent American poet says of one of his heroines, “Her heart and morning broke te- gether.” If the Muscle-men at Syracuse would do two smashing jobs at the same point of time, like the unfortunate young lady above mentioned, and brexk each other’s heads and the Convention system as well, it would be am in Yow York—President Mora’s First Visit and its Consequences, Another of the leading names of Spanish- America has been added to the list of publie men from the republics south of us whose visits and presence here have converted New | York into the metropolis of Spanish-Americaa | polities and trade. Don Juan Rafael Mora, who was, until a few days since, the unquestioned ruler of Costa Rica, and is now an exile, arrived here yester- day. We had already in the city, as voluntary visiters, General Paez, of Venezuela; Senor Lerdo de Tejada, of Mexico, and numberleas minor names. Not long ago President Comon- fort was here, and but a little while before ex-President Echenique, of Peru, sought aid and sympathy in Wall street. Ex-President Mallarino, of New Granada, looked in upon ua a short time since. Ex-President Caballos, of Mexico, has been several times here; and if we were to carry the list back for a few years we might add a great number of other names, all of which preserve the connections and friendships they have formed in New York. | Santa Anna is almost the only one of the baa- come here to prepare for future movements. It may be laid down asa general rule that all of them who really have at heart the liberal principles they profess come to us, while those who belong to the school of despots, such aa Santa Anna and Monagas, seek some obscure refuge where they can indulge their love of power through the social degradation of their surroundings. Whatever may be the causes that are thus making New York the centre of Spanish-Ame- rican agitation, the effect cannot but be a good one on the affairs of those republics. Theve public men on coming among us find a very different people from what they had imagined us to be. Instead of a red-haired, red-bearded and hungry set of land stealers, whose sole policy is to get hold of other people’s posses- sions, they find an active, rich and business- driving community, with litile time to listen to their long-winded explanations of poli- tical abstractions, and stil! less disposition to invest their fortunes in distant forest- covered lands, or to enter into vision- ary schemes of revolution. When they go to Washington, instead of meeting a set. of long-headed and astute statesmen, bent upon pushing our sway to Cape Horn, and intently watching the multitudinous changes of Spanish- American politics in order to find a crack in them, they are astonished to encounter a set of scheming politicians, guiltless of any know- ledge of geography, and innocently inquiring if a frigate can lie within range of Bogota, or whether Guayaquil is not the capital of Vene- | zuela. The consequence is a mutual feeling of | astonishment; on one side, that men from | Spanish-America should wear broadcloth aad | comprehend the forms of logic, and on the | other, that there really are Americans who are net constantly contriving to get a foothold south of our present boundaries, ‘This mutual undeceiving is rapidly producing a change in the policy of the Spanish-American republics. In the lapse of time the exiles re- turn to their homes, having learned to judge the people of the United States by another standard than the loose adventurers who drift down among them. and the policy of its govern- ment by other ideas than those enter- tained by William Walker. Little by little, hey admit the practicability of a friendly policy between the seversi countries, and sbaa- don their formerly entertained idea that they st necessurily oppose everthing that origi- sin Washington, or that tends to increase the channels of intercourse with New York.” The case of President Mora hus been one of bitter disenchantment. For years he has be- lieved that the only chance of bappiness for his country lay in a fostering of British and Freach interests, and a steady oppositiun to the de velopement of American intercourse with Costa Rica. He has cherished the Enropcan idea here till it has turned and stung bim because he would not consent to allow Eaglikh en- croachments to a degree far beyond what any American statesman had ever thought of seck- ng. He will return to Costa Rica with » more ished Spanish-American rulers that have not - schemes. of appropriation, they have no real | just appreciation of this country, its instita- existence. Those who most loudly charge ! tions and the policy of ita government, and them on the United States do so to mask their Hl the reeult will be the extension of the friendly own designs, as the adroit pickpocket cries | relations of the United States and of the me- ‘ thief, tftief,” only to direct suspicion from his ; tropolitan influence of the city of New York. own operations, ! Tae Revenexp Me. Harris oy THR Orera.— Snoviper Hirtixa at THE Savr Worxs.—In | About a year ago or more a number of the the old times the Mussulman, used to make | parsons hereabouts, looking after matter for pilgrimages to Mecca, and do a bit of fighting | sensation sermons, picked up and proceeded to by the way, all for the good of the faith. Now- | anathematize the theatres, their managers, a-days our Muscle-men, not satisfied with their | actors, actreeses, scene shifters, doorkeepers, ward ecrimmages, street Oghte, primary elec- treasurers, eupernumeraries and so forth, cure