The New York Herald Newspaper, September 13, 1859, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR ‘D NASSAL’ STS. OFFICE Ne We € TERMS, cash in advance, Mone nt by viskos the sender. Postage st mait will be at te ined as aubscrtphi iption oney. nM DAILY HERALD, theo conts per copy, $e THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at sie copy, of Sper omni; Ce Birropean Bdition every W it its per copy, $1 per anniun to any part of Great Brit SF Bolo omg part ok the’ Continent, both tar anette ee Calorie Sth and Sth of each month a! copy oF $1 50 mum. R Pon i UIEY HERALD on Wednesday, at fou cents per lition on th: LOULSE—MAGIC PALES. BOWERY THEATRE, Bower: Guess Monstee—Papoy Carey. HAMPON OF FREEDOM WALLACK'S THEAT! Browdway —GER ALDINE. LAURA KEENE’ AND BIAGE NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bower: New York—Goupen Axe—Sieven Kt S THEATRE, 624 Beosdway.—Worin Bor Marryes or BARNUM'S AMMRICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—After- Qoon—SkVEN CLERKS—VILLAGE ARTISANS, Evening —PLYING Dorota an—ViLLaGe ARTHANS. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway. —Eruror:an Songs, Dances, &¢,—Vamon and Prruias. PALACY GARDEN AND HALL, Fou! Vooan ann InsrrumENTAL CoNcEET. “TRIPLE SHEET. “New York, Tuesday, September 13, 1859. MAILS FOR EUROPE. The New York Herald—Edition for Europe. The Cin. steainship Africa, Capt. Shannon, will feawe this port to-morrow for Liverpool. The ails for Europe will close in this city at nine o'clock to-morrow morning ‘Tho Ecrorsan Epmon or THR Hxrarn will be published at half-past eight o'clock in the morning. Single copies in Wrappers, six cents. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the New York Henati will be received at the following places in Europe — fies » Baidwin & Co - De Chapeauronge & Co. ‘The contents of the Evrorgay Epon or tak Hera wilt combine the ne eceived by mail aud tel the office during the previous week and up to the hour of the publication The News. By the arrival of the Anglo-Saxon at Farther Point yesterday we have uews from Europe to the 30th ult. A brief summary of news to the same date, received by the Ocean Queen, was published in yesterday's Hexatp. The Zarich Conference was in session, though makiog but little progress towards the settlement of the questions under deliberation. It seems to be decided that the steamship Great Eastern will go to Portland, Maine. The authorities and citizens of Portland are making extensive pre- parations for her reception. ‘There was no change in the affairs of Italy. ‘The Star of the West arrived yesterday forenoon from Aspinwall, with the semi-monthly Pacific mails and over two million dollars in treasure. The advices from San Francisco are to the 20th nit., and the details of the news given in the letter of our correspondent elsewhere, though not parti- cularly important, will be found quite interesting. Politica was the principal subject before the public of California, but the rancor which characterized the opening of the canvass had abated, and the dis- cussions were carried on with some degree of decency. The Italians and red republican French residents of San Francisco allowed themselves to become terribly excited on the recertion of the news of the cessation of the war ia Italy, andloud and deep maledictions were on the head of Napoleon. The reds grossly insulted the French consul as he was enter- ing the church to witness a Ze Deum in commemo- ration of the birthday of the French Emperor, and aviot would probably have occurred but for the timety interference of the police. The Mohave In- dian war had again broken ont, and a party of troops, under Major Armistead, had had a severe fight with the savages, which resuited in the killing of between iifty aud sixty of them, while three sol- diers were wounded. The aews from Victoria is to the 13th alt., four at the disputed island ot ned a3 before reported—the United ps at their post on shore aud the British ships of anchored in the harbor. Both Gov. Douglass and Gen. Harney were concentrating all the forces at their disposal at the island, and it was re- ported that the British had determined not to per- of our troops to land there. Both ied messengers to their h accounts of the occur: mit aus m commanders respective at lad tra from the South Pacifle is dated at Val- the ist and Callao and Lima the Ist of ai of the United States frigate 1, from Guayaquil, we are in- « blockade cf the last named n frigate Cullao, as ordered by y declared against Peru, Casti!ia having stated his reasons pired. ze, of which we publi-h a synopsis, A tire broke out in Guayaquil on the 17th of August, which destcoved a block of buildings, causing a loss of $100,000. Almost all the inhabitants of the 1d gone into the interior to avoid the dangers of the war with Peru. Valparaiso continued to enjoy tolerable’ tran- Quillity. The iron suspension bridge over the Maipo has been completed and opened for pub. lic traffic. The Comercio states that busineas con- tinued in a regular course, but lacked activity. The grain market—eapecially wheat and flour—was almost stagnant. The sil mines exhibited favorable symptoms of production. Those of copper were likely to be soon influenced by the depreciation of this metal in the European markets. The health of the country, on the whole, was good. Our Val- | paraiso correspondent gives 4 very interesting account of an exciting trial of speed and power made on one of the Chilean rail- roads, between locomotives of American and English build, in which our manufacture proved | Superior. The works on the Santiago and ‘Valparaiso railroad were carried on with spirit, and it was hoped the line would be completed in four years. The Spanish Minister in Peru was endea- voring to make peace between that republic and Ecuador. Revolutionary attempts had been mada in Arequipa and Cuzco, but they were suppressed. General Echenique was said to be in Arequipa. Bome German emigrants had formed a settlement ‘on the Straits of Magellan. A pirate, under an American flag, was operating on distressed vessels An the Straits. Montevideo had declared herseif neutral in any ‘war between Buenos Ayres and the Argentine Confederation. President Lopez, of Paraguay, had Yefused, as reported at Panama, any aid to Urquiza against Buenos Ayres. Our advices from New Granada are dated at Pa- mama and Aspinwall on the 2d of September. There was no news from Bogota. Carthagena was still heid by the revolutionists, and the movement was progressing in the State. The insurgents under Calvo had been attacked by the government troops at Corosa!, near Mampos, but the latter were de: NEW YORK HERALD, TURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1859.TRIPLE SHERT. feated. The Panama Legislature had met ia aea- sion, A very violent gust of wind had swept over Aspinwall, doing some damage. The reports from das very favorable. The latest position of the Uni | ted States squadron is given, The Saranac had ren to Guayaquil and retarned to Aspinwall, bring: s news of the war between Pera aud Rouador. We have files from Bermuda to the 6th inst. The weather was very warm, the thermometer standing at §4} on the Sth inst. The Twenty-sixth regiment mediately and the immense troop ship Himalaya ‘was to come ont for its conveyance. A five occurred at Halifax, N. 8.,on Saturday morning, which destroyed two entire blocks of buildings on Granville street. The burnt district included thirteen extensive dry goods establish- iments, and the loss is no doubt very heavy. The buildings, some fifty in number, were entirely de- stroyed, and our readers can form some idea of the scene by imagining the splendid stores on both sides of Broadway for the distance of a block laid in ruins. At the meeting of the Board of Supervisors yes terday, a resolution was passed appropriating $900 room. Supervisor Kennedy presented a preamble | and resolution to the effect that the Commissioners | o! Record have had printed and prepared copies of the judgments in the County Clerk's office at an ex- | pense ot over $300,000; that the Commissioners had stated that they anticipated that the county would be reimbursed to some extent from the sales that would be made of the bound volumes; but it ap- pears that as yet no such disposition has been made of the same to confirm that anticipation; that as ex- the Chiriqui Cemeteries gold diggings were repo:t: | | of foot Lad been ordered to return to England im- | for refurnishing and repairing the Superior Court ! Judge Binck on the Late Popular Sove- reignty, Manifesto of Judge Douglas. We lay before our readers this morning a searching and conclusive reply to the late | popular sovereignty manifesto of Mr. Douglas, | from that clear-headed constitutional lawyer, | Judge Black, the present Attorney General of the United States. This announcement, in se- curing for the paper in question an extensive and ' careful consideration among reflecting men of all parties, will contribute much to dissipate the | flimsy sophistries with which Mr, Douglas has ! invested this delusive abstraction of popular | sovereignty in the Territories, The work undertaken in this connection by | Judge Black is to show: first, that Mr. Douglas “has not correctly stated the doctrines” held by his democratic opponents; and secondly, ; “that his own opinions, as given by himself, ! are altogether unsound.” Upon the first point, ‘in reply to the assertion of Mr. Douglas, that { “a portion of the democratic party believe, or profess to believe, that the constitution estab- lishes slavery in the Territories,” Judge Black says that the constitution does no such thing— that “nobody in the country ever thought or said so;” but he pleads that the constitution does establish the right on the part “of the legal owner of a slave or other property to go with it into a federal Territory without forfeit- ing his tith Upon this proposition the whole question hinges, and the clear, consistent and common sense argument of Mr.. Black in sup- port of this right of property, will somewhat penditures, it is believed, are still being made for storage, insurance, &c., on the books which calls for action from the Supervisors, it was resolved that the Committee on County Officers report some plan whereby the printed and bound volumes of the re- | cords and judgments may be disposed of for the benefit of the county. This was adopted. The | Board agreed to meet at eleven o'clock on Monday next to appoint registers of voters—about 600 per- | sons—under the new law. The Board of Aldermen met last evening. The | Mayor sent in a message transmitting a communi- | cation from Mr. Wm. 8. Worth, calling the atten- | tion of the city authorities toan error in one of | inscriptions on the Worth Monument, designing to have the words “Buena Vista” erased (as General Worth was not at that battle), and to have “Fort George” inserted insteud. It was referred to the Committee on Arts and Sciences. A communica- tion was sent in from the Comptroller, stating that the expenditures from January 1 to August 31 were $4,801,370 on account of treasury, and $7,661,369 on trust and special account; total, $11,962,638: The document was ordered on file. The Commit- tee on Repairs and Supplies sent ina report in fa- yor of releasing Theodore Hunt and his sureties from his bid for constructing the roof of Tompkins market, amounting to $10,000, in consequence of an omission mage by Mr. Huntin the original con- wact to the amount of $3,574. Laid over. It was then moved that the contract be given to the low- est bidders (Gillespie & Co.) This was also laid over. After some routine business the Board ad- journed to Monday next. The Board of Councilmen transacted a large amount of routine business last evening. Several reports and resolutions trom the Aldermen were received and laid over til the next meeting. The Comptroller sent in a statement giving a summary ofthe expenditures on city account, and on nou- merous trust and special accounts, from January to September, the aggregate amount being $11,962,- 63954. The communication was ordered to be priuted. A report of the Committee of Balaries and officers, in favor of concuring with the Aldermen to require the public offices of the city to be kept open from 9 A.M,to4P.M., was adopted. The Corporation Attorney reported that he received $235 78 during the month of August for violations of city ordinances. The chairmen of the different committees presented reports, all of which were devoid of general public interest, and were laid over. Proposals received by the Croton Aqueduct Board for the construction of sewers in Allen, Ridge and Thirty-first streets, were confirmed. The special order being the consideration of the report of the Special Committee on redistricting the city, they reported that in consequence of an error committed in the other Board they were not ready to prevent their report. The Joint Committee of the Common Conacil ap- pointed to memorialize the Governor to reorganize the Twelfth regiment, agreed yesterday to appoint a sub-Committee, consisting of Councilmen Lent and Laimbeer, and Alderman Darragh, to draught thé memorial after hearing the counsel of the regi- ment speak at considerable length against the course pursued by Generals Sandford and Ewen in disbanding the corp=. The Health Commissioners resolved yesterday to meet weekly in future. Meanwhile they authorized the Mayor and Health Officer to decide upon the time they consider advisable to detain vessels in Quarantine, and other less important matters. ‘The election for Governor and members of the Legislature in Maine took place yesterday, and re- snited, as was expected, in the success of the re- publican candidates. We have news from Havana to the 9th inst., at which date an improved demand for sugar pre- vailed. t yesterday w: steady. while the sales 00 @ 500 bales, clo-ing with steadiness on ‘en in another column, Deslers seemed dispored to await the receipt of letters by the Ocean Q or for later advices by the P due with- doing much. The flour market ades of Stateand Western, while nis were firm. Southern flour was in fuir de nd with more firmness ou the part of holders, lex were extent, Wheat was without ua day or two, before was better for common g mane twa fal of moment. Among th: were a parcel of + new Dutehess county (this ») at $1 85, d new red Southern at $1 a $1 20 and inary white dian at $126, Corn was in good re quest. but pric + heavy at the close. The embraced Sie., and nid bn, and 100 box we giv R.1 the quot & A. Stuart for thei Hished yesterday | ir retined goods. Colle was io, and 200 2m shipments 1, ut 216d. a 7-82d. for squ Movewrnrs or Ocean § that the number of outward bound ocean steamers from the United States and Canada, from the 13th to the 2 We find h of September em- braces eleven, seven of which sail from the port of New York, one from Boston, and two from Quebec. The number to leave Enrope for this port between August nd Septem- ber 10, ineluding the Anglo-Saxon, which arrived yesterday, amounted to ten—five of which were for New York, three for Quebec, one for Boston, and one for Halifax. When the arrival and departure of this large fleet. of European steamers at this port, in such a brief period of time, is taken in connection with the West India, Pacifie and coasting steamers which centre in New York, it goes to show that this city is at the head of steam navigation in the y World. What a rush there was to the Battery twenty years ago to see the little Sirius as she came-to anchor after her first voyage across the Atlantig ! impress the reader with the slippery nature of the ground occupied by the IMinois Senator. The exact point of difference between the | two learned Judges in the premises is here:— Judge Douglas holds-that a Territorial Legisla- ture, by “friendly or unfriendly legislation,” may admit slavery into the Territory or exclude it therefrom. Judge Black contends that no | such poweris vested in a Territorial Legislature, and that those who desire to confiscate private property of any kind must wait until they get a Constitutional Convention or the machinery of a State government into their hands.” In support of this proposition the simple facts that a Territorial government is merely provi- sional and temporary, that it is the crea- ture of Congress, and may be changed, suspended or repealed at the pleasure of Con- gress, are conclusive; and no lengthened argument is needed to show the fallacy of the doctrine of Mr. Douglas, that substantially a Territorial government holds the same local sovereignty as that of a State. The quotations from the speeches and reports of Mr. Douglas given in this argument against him show that it is only since the adjournment of the last Congress that he has given this finishing touch to his dogma of Territorial sove- reignty, and that at present his position isa step or two in advance of that which he occu- pied against the Topeka and Lecompton con- stitutions. In fact, we can only account for his present position upon the assump- tion that he has taken it deliberately for the purpose of making an issue with the Charleston Convention, which will give him some color of justification in running asa Northern democratic stump candidate for the Presidency. In no other way can we account for these late instructions of Mr. Douglas, which will re- quire the national democracy at Charleston to recognize the general sovereignty of a Terri- tory as on a par with the sovereignty of a State. The views of Judge Black reflect the views and policy of Mr. Buchanan. If they govern the Charleston Convention in the matter of the party platform, it may not, after all, be a very difficult task to find a proper candidate, dispensing with Douglas, Wise*and alt other sectional ultras. The result may be a move- ment on the part of Douglas and his adherents which, in conjunction with the Southern opposi- tion, as another independent party, may throw the clection into Congress; but even there, should Mr. Douglas be one of the three highest candidaies, we cannot comprehend the contin- gency of his election. But can it be that Mr. Douglas is content with the role of Martin Van Bu Let the future determine. We submit fur the present this argument of Judge Black to the careful consideration of the of Mr. Douglas. If they are of his Terri- torial sovereignty, we may pretty safely assume that they too are simply resolved to follow their leader in his designs of rule or ruin. The Difficulty in our Transit Route Di- plomacy—Its Operation in Nicaragua and Mexico. The necessity of placing the American routes of Isthmus transit on such a footing of security as will command the confidence of the com- merce of the world has long been evident, and has occupied no sm; e of the attention of the present administration at Washington. On several occasions the President has called the attention of Congress to the subject, and urged them to empower the Executive to use the forces of the government without the delay ulting Congress in case of any sudden iy to protect any of the transit routes or their ade. The jealousy which the Presi- dential aspivants in that body entertained to- rards Mr. Buchanan led them to refuse to take ep so nece to the safety of our vast wing interests in those regions, and he forced to seek other means of attain- ing the desired end. With this sole purpose in view, the administration has endeavored to ne- gotiate with the several governments holding the territorial domain of the Isthmus routes @ treaty arrangement which should give to the United States government the authority to land troops on any part of the Is'!mus for the pur- pose of protecting the transit in any sudden of cor nece and g bas bee emergency. All acknowledge that the aim is a good one, but the means mect with a slrong and a not ill-founded opposition. The governments hold- ing the domain are naturally opposed to grant- ing such a right to any other Power, for it not only involves a confession of weakness on their part. but amounts, in practical effect, to an abdication of all moral influence at home and abroad. This has been the great difficulty in th h of our Central American diplomaey, aragua, until a very late period, has refused to make the public admission of inca- pacity which the concession implics. Inte- rested parties have urged the government to ad- | here to this point in its negotiations with Nica- | Tagua by magnifying the risks of transit traffic. 3ut now their eyes have heen opened to the fact that it is a dangerous double-cdged doc- trine, that cuts both ways, and perhaps more against us than for us. Having by their folly and bad faith lost their own transit route privi- leges, they see these passing into the bands of a French subject. By forcing Nicaragua to grant to the United States the right to land troops on the route at will, they place her under the necessity of conceding the same privilege to France and England, and no one in this country can doubt that the power-clothed Executives of those nations would be much more active in using the right to send troops there than our own. Hence there has taken place a healthy reaction in public opinion on this subject. The same difficulty now stands in the way of the final arrangement of the treaty with Mexico which has been negotiated by Mr. McLane. It is attempted to extend the same principle to the Tehuantepec isthmus, and Mexico very naturally declines to concede it. To do so would amount to the demoralization of her national authority, and place it at the mercy of any government that might choose to ask for the same right that had been con- ceded to us, and seek to use it for selfish purposes. By adhering to the request for its concession we virtually attack the exist- ence of all the governments between us and Darien, and in the case of Mexico postpone the acquisition of other and more practical advan- tages which she is disposed to grant to us. The true interests of this country lie in giving sta- bility to the governments in question, and not in destroying the little vitality they possess. They should have both the power and the obligation to make the interoceanic routes safe to the commerce of the world, and if they do not comply with that obligation then we should not ask from them the right to make it safe, but of our own will exercise the rights we have under the law of nations to protect our citizens and their interests from peril and out- rage. The power to act in cases of emergency should be conferred by our own Congress on the Executive, without demanding from any government such a humiliating concession. The Presidential jealousies that prevented such action in the last Congress will probably cease to operate in the coming one, as this feeling will be directed more against each other by the candidates than against Mr. Buchanan. Our true policy and the dignity of our govern- ment lies, therefore, in insisting that Congress shall clothe the Executive with the power ne- cessary to enable him to act in an emergency, rather than in persisting to demand from others aright, the concession of which might be more dangerous in use against us than in self-protec- tion. Tue Mrerine THis Ev! . ran Drsporism.—This evening will be held, at half-past seven o'clock, at Volks Garden, op- posile the Bowery theatre, a publie meeting of citizens of all classes, without distinction, against the Sabbath despotism which a handful of fanatics and political traders desire to exer- cise over the people. We have no doubt the attendance will be large, and the proceedings be marked by the determination of “men who know their rights and knowing dare maintain.” There is no authority whatever in the New Testament for the Sabbath superstition which itis attempted to fasten forever as a chain upon the minds and bodies of American citi- zens. The Jewish Sabbath was abolished, and there is no command to keep holy any other day. If taking recreation on the Sabbath or on Sunday waa regarded as asin by Obrist or his Apostles, would they not have mentioned it in these long catalogues of sins which they enumerate? We never find Sabbath-breaking mentioned by them, while our modern Phari- sees can hardly think of any other sin. The denunciation of Christ was not “Woe unto you who break the Sabbath!" but “Woe unto you hypocrites! who pretend to keep it better than other men, and say to your neighbor stand by thyself, I am holier than. thou.” The fact of the Disciples coming together on the first day of the week te break bread is held to be an evidence of the praetice of keeping Sunday as a Sabbath. This isa lame and impotent conclusion, for in the same text we are told the reason why they came to- gether was, that Paul was about to leave next day, and they assembled to hear him preach. Besides, we know that the early Disciples were in the habit of meeting every day in the week to break bread. The next mention we find of the first day of the week is in First Corinthians, chapter xvi.: “Upon the first day of the week let every one of you lay by him in store,” &e. This proves nothing except laying by money. other trace of it we find, if indeed in Apeealypse, chi it on the Lord’s day.” this does refer to the day of the week on which Christ rose from the dead; but where is the command to keep it as a Sabbath, or the evidence that St. John so kept it? None what- » Galatians, chapters iv. andy. So in Colossians: “Let no man therefore judge you in meat or in drink, or im respect of an holy day, or of the new moon, or of the Sab- . which are a shadow of things to ever. the Holy Scripiures give the slavish superstition no countenance. The constitution of the United States forbids any coercive law respecting religious observances, and the con- stitution of the State of New York prohibits any preference to be given by law to the opin- ions of one religious sect over another. All Sabbath laws are therefore in opposition to the State constitution, and the people ought to insist upon having them wiped forever away from the statute book. We trust the meeting this evening at Volks Garden will take a most decided step toward that most desirable con- summation. The time is gone by when people can be compelled to follow the religious obser- vances of any sect by legislative enactment, and when men can be made pious by the law of the land. franp Operatic aNp Tuearricat, Revrvat. —From the accounts of our reporters, it will be seen ghat the Opera, theatres and va- rious other paces of public amusement, were filled to ovesflowing last night. There were some ten regular theatres open, besides the Palace Garden, concerts and semi-thea- trical entertainments. These were attended by not less than twenty-five thonsand people, at least half strangers and sojourners, who paid for admission between nine and tem thousand dollars. These facts and statistics afford a pretty good proof of the crowded condition of the metropolis at the present writing. Trade of all kinds, wholesale and retail, was never so brisk, the weather never more balmy, Broad- way never so thronged, so piquant, and s0 en- tertaining to the philosophic student of charac- ter, the careless idler, or the metropolitan belle. New York is at its top tide just now, The Morsls of Politics and Party Journalism, We perceive that political corruption has spread and is spreading from this State to other States. It originated in the State of New York. The first speck of the dark cloud which is over- shadowing the land and menacing the safety and stability of our institutions was the Erie Canal. The politicians wrested this gigantic scheme of internal improvement out of the hands of De Witt Clinton and turned it to the purposes of party plunder. ft became the common prey of whigs and democrats alike, Whichever party gained the ascendant for the time assumed the right to batten on this source of corruption. “To the victors belong the spoils.” The corruption spread to other objects as well as the canals. The wealth of New York city claimed the special attention of the public robbers, tilt now the people are loaded with a burthen of taxation which exceeds the cost of governing one half of the States of the Union. One indispensable part of the machinery for accomplishing this wholesale plunder of the people is the party press, which lives, moves, and has its being in corruption. All the party journals are alike. Their first principle is never to tell truth if a lie will serve their pur- pose. Their second principle is to rob the people without remorse; and their third is to chent brother democrats, that the plunder may be mo- nopolized by their own clique, which is a sort of imperium in imperio. Their standing motto is— —— Bea Your hand, y welcome in nnocent flower, to pe So diligently and so successfully have they reduced these principles to practice, that they have covered the body politic with moral le- prosy. Here in New York city men of respect- able standing in society—lawyers, merchants, even members of the church—hire rowdies to violate the Constitution, and by controlling the primary elections through violence, virtually take away from the people their most sacred and essential right—the choice of their repre- sentatives—so that they might as well have no votes at all. In this villainy the rowdies and those who pay them their wages are aided and assisted by the party press, which, in tura, is nourished by the corruption which it sustains, Like the inseet which takes the hue of the leaves which it feeds upon, the party journs becomes yellow with the public plunder on ich it lives. Without this food it would perish of inanition, so worthless and so con- temptible is it in the eyes of the people. The Allas-Argus is a curious specimen of this description of journals. Seymour, Dickinson, Dean Richmond, sts Corning and others, hire a fellow like Cassidy, who has no charac- ter to lose, and who does their dirty work while they are concealed behind the scenes and pull the wi This wretehed ageal of theirs ob- tains a private letter of Governor Wise, of Vir- ginia, one of the most distinguished democrats of the South aad a candidate for the Presidency. He obtains it from silly Barney Doonelly under false pretence and immediately turns it against the writer and in favor of kis masters, who are also eandidates for the Presidency, for the Vice Presidency, and for all the public plunder upon which they ean pounce. To avoid the appearance of the treachery and dis- honor which this act involved, the letter was privately circulated by means of manuscript copies, one of which, it was well known, would be sure to reach the press) And when it does appear in print, the Judas who sold it, through one of his instruments, for thirty pieces of sil- ver, has the unparalleled effrontery to throw the odium of the traitorism oa the New York Heraup. When Cassidy is confronted by the ghost of the murdered Wise, as was Macbeth at the feast by the spirit of Banquo, he ex- claims by inst not say Tdid it; never shake Thy gory locks at me; and he points his blood-stained finger at the journal which first published the letter as news. As well might Professor Webster have charged the murder of his victim, Dr. Parkman, on those journals which published the proofs of his guilt. Governor Wise had a perfect right to look for the nomination to the Presidency from the democracy of New York, as well as Douglas, Seymour, Dickinson and others. The attempt to cheat out of the nomination a fellow demo- crat, a Southern gentleman, who holds the highest position in his own State—to attempt to cheat him by means of so vile a trick—is with- out a precedent in the history of the country. It is a melancholy proof of the progress of po- litical degeneracy. Now, it is true that Horatio Seymour, Daniel S. Dickinson, Dean Richmond, us Corning and others, owners of the Atlas-Arges, are not directly responsible for the corrupt morals, the- atrocious acts, and the mad, “fantastic tricks,” of their organ and its conductor; but they are indirectly and morally accountable, and public opinion and the country will hold. them to it. To clear themselves from the rascality of their agent they must repudiate his acts. The well established principle of law and reason is, that “he who does anything through the agency of another does the act himself.” [tis the same in morals and in politics. The consequence of this treachery wil! be felt by the whole democratic party in this State unless the proper steps are taken to purge it of the foul stain, which adheres to it like the “damned spot” on the hand of Lady Macbeth, which water could not wash out. There is an opportunity of repudiating the treachery of Judas Iscariot Cassidy at the State Convention to-morrow—of repudiating it either by resolu- tion ov by the more practical and coaclusive mode of rejecting the policy for the accom- plishment of which the assassination of Gover- nor Wise was perpetrated at the Albany slanghterhouse. If the assembled represen- tatives of the democracy of this State appoint delegates now to the Charleston Convention, in subserviency to the scheme of the Regency, it will be regarded as a deliberate packing of the delegation against the victim of misplaced con- fidence, and all great Neptune's ocean cannot wash away the guilty stain from the democracy of New York. Southern gentlemen will de- mur to sit in National Convention with men who are tainted as accessories after the fact with the imputation of playing false to a Virginian democrat of high standing. They will shun them as moral and political lepers. The assas- sination by Macbeth of his confiding guest, Duncan, with whose blood the Thane of Cawdor smeared the hands and daggers of the sleeping chamberlains of his royal kinsman in order to divert suspicion from himself to them, was not more foul and treacherous than the political murder of Henry A. Wise, in violation of a a double trew!- that of a brother democrat, and of a special cowaence reposed. Li will be necessary, therefore; for tbe New York Couven- tiou fo purge itself of The deep damnation of (AB laking off How otherwise can Sovtherm men trust the honor of the New York @*mocraey that the nomination at Charleston wil} be faithfully car- ried out in fhe Empire State, aad not sold, like Wise and bis Wetter, for such a price as may be satisfactory to the Regency and its corrupt party press? Locat, RevoLuieny wy New Yous Cerv-— Since the foundation of our federal government there have been more peaceful revolitions im this city, changes in the habits, conveyances, places of business, and vesidences, than ia: any other civilized place on tlie faee of the globe. It is enrious to trace these revolutions, whiol are simply the effects of the sudden gnowthiof this metropolis, which iv seventy or eighty yeavs has achieved work whieh-the- Europeam cities took centuries to perform, Wher the federal constitution was adopted, amd Wasling- ton called to the chair of State, the business of the city, wholesale and retail, was-cagtied on be- tween Maiden lane und the Bowery. The towa. residences of the merchants were in and about Greenwich, Pearl and State streets:. The first theaire was in John street. People hud coua- iry houses in the Bowery. A few years later, and the foreign trade pressed the retail shops towards the City Hall, and the fine residences were in Beekman, Vesey, Warren, Barclay and Murray streets and Park place. Countey resi- dences now about Unign. square. The boys have a fine skating ground where Lispenard street now is, Trade pushes steadily on, and the grand houses of those who have beew en- riched by it rise proudly in Bleecker, Bond aad other streets thereabouts. Here they make an obstinate stand. A few go towards Four- teenth street, and finally the Fifth avenue ie begun. Palaces rise on either side until they reach Murray Hill. Now people say we-cam gono further. Yet they go further; and with the inception of the Central Park it became evident that the glory of the Fifth avenue had began to decline. The Park already opens fine drives for splendid rides for eques- trians and walks for pedestrians. The advantages of residences in its vicinity are already apparent, and real estate there takes an upward start. fithin five years the Park will be entirely finished) aad then we shall see all the grand houses around it filling up the avenues that bound it and the cross streets for several blocks, just as the Fifth avenue and its cross streets have filled up. We alluded to the first theatre just now. The second was the Park, and for maay years therer sno theatre above Chainbers or Leonard: We find them now all above Graad street. The Opgra Horse is over two miles from the site of the eld Park, and there will be one or more theatres in the vicinity of Unioa square. Very likely, when the Park is finished, there will be a theatre above Tweaty- third street, which even now is not too far up town for a mammeth hotel. After the streets about the Park shall have been built over with splendid residences, we shall find the Fifth avenue Bleecker and Bond streets, given up to den- tists, milliners, lodging-house keepers, restaw- rants, &e., &e. The fashionable houses will be about the Park, and stretching to the north of it. cover up all the thialy settled part of the sland all the way to Washington Heights. Then all this magnificent faunbourg wilt be taken into the city proper, which will have at least a million of inhabitants, and every poasi- ble ty for enjoyment of the good things of this life. This last grand local revolution, which is now going forward, will put the fin- ishing touch to this splendid metropolis, and place it ona pav with the finest cities of the Old World. Post Orviet Revorm—Transmission o¥ Tone— GaL Marrer.—A great fuss bas been raised be- cause the present Postmaster General has had the courage and the honesty to arrest the trans- mission of illegal matter through the Post Office. Even the legal matier seat free by members of Congress was a burthen too oner- ous for the Department and for the people. It interferes materially with the rapid despatch, of the mails, and often, under difficulties arising from snow or accidents, causes a com+ plete detention of the business letters of the- commercial community. It also adds tremen- dously to the cost of the service. The public have no notion of the amount of matter des~ patched under the franks of members of Coa~ gress. The mails are literally loaded dowm by it, and im consequence many additional clerks are wanted which might otherwise: be dispensed with. It is notorious that members of Congress are in the habit of sending home by mail thei: dirty linen to he washed, and of receiving: it hack clean by the same medium. All of them flood the country with their speeches and the most pernicious politieal trash, All parties do so—republicans, democrats, Americans, and the representatives of every political seet. But the people have to pay for the carriage-of all this worse than useless stuff. If « member of Congress franks it, no matter how worthlass ov pernicious it may be, it must go. Such is the law which the members of Coagress have made for themselves, like the luw of constiame- tive mileage. or travelling expenses, by which they bleed the Treasury. This law is bad enough; bus they are not satisfied with it. Not content with the-privi- lege of sending free whatever is franked by their own hand, they want to send whatever they please, and whatever others may please, by proxy. That is, a member of Congress claims the right to depute sny number of per- sons to write his name for franking purposes. In this way the members for New York may depute all the inhabitants of the city who can write to aflix their names to letters and other matter for free transmission by mail, and in Philadelphia and every other city the same may be done, for if it be lawful in a single instance it is lawful in all. Thus the Post Office depart- ment might be completely robbed; and in truth ithas been defrauded to an extent that is in- credible. We are glad that thore is a Postmaster at last who will do his duty. The present in- cumbent refuses to send any matter franked by deputies or proxies of members of Con- gress, In this he is sustained by law and com- mon sense, as well as by justice to the country at large, In fact, the whole franking privilege is an outrage on the community, and it ought to be abolished, We trust it wil, be abrogated