The New York Herald Newspaper, September 2, 1859, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. WHOLE NO. 8397. ARRIVAL OF THE AFRICA, Gur London, Paris, Berlin, Brasseis and Flo- rence Correspondence. THE PAGEANTS IN PARIS. MINISTERIAL CRISIS IN AUSTRIA, THE ZURICH CONFERENCE, Satisfactory Effects of Napoleon’s Amnesty, do, d,, &. ‘Tae Cuperd steamehip Africa, Captain Shannon, from Liverpool at 1:39 Y. M. om Saturday, the 20th of August arrived at this port yesterday forscoom. Her advices have been auticipsted by car telographic report from St Johns, N.F., brought by the Jazon, published in ths Henstp on Wednesday morning. The details brought by the Africa are, however, very interesting. ‘The Paris Pays of the 19th of Aucuat says:—- Marshal Courobert has left for Vichy, where he will re- mein for some days defore resuming bis duiice as com wander of the corps @armée, ths Leadyuartere of which ure st Nancy. The Patric of same day acnounres the departure of Mar. thal Niel for Toulouse, where he will preside at the sit ting of the Couseil Gendral of the department, ‘Tae government of Naples bad ordered the fore'ga lo gion to be completely disbanied. Chevalier Farini bad quitted Modena for Parma, to as. tept the Dictatorship offered him. The Municipality is sued @ procismation expreesing their anau!mons desire for thie, and the population evinced grea: eathusiagm in saticipation of the event. The Monilore of Balogna publishes a decres desiaring alt the citizens of the Romagna, without disiinstion of re- ligion, equal in the eyes of the law and in the exorcise of their political rights. Father Gavazzi hai been preaching at Bologna. General Garibaldi arrived on the 16th of August at Mo- dena, It ig confirmed that he is charged with the com- mand of the Tuscan army. ‘Boe fete of Napoleon was celebrated at Florencs by a solemn mats at the Cathedral, at which the Ministers, the meiabere of the National AesemDly, and the offivers of the staff, were present. There is talk of the formation of a French army of manwavres ia Algeria, to be under the commaad of McMahon, the only marsbal who haz no: any commaad. ‘This force would be assembled, as its name implies, for the purposes of practice and exerciee, The superiority of troops that bave served for zome time in Africa over thore which have never been out of Francs ie fully recog- niged, and this renders it highly probable that the above seport is well founded. In case of a war the French go ‘vernment would thus have at its immediate disposal a Jarge force of seasoned and admirable soldiers, stroug in their esprit de corps and in the prestige that bas long at. tached to the armée d’ Afrique. The second mate (John W. Moody) of the American whip Mary, arrived in the Tyne, had been found guilty of “*wilfal murder’ by the Coroner’e jury which mveatigated the cireumetances attending the death of aseaman, named Daniel Witham, from iil treatment. Moody had been com- mitiod for trial. The long pending trial of Dr. S netharst, for the murder of m Mise Bunker, at Richmond, near Loudov, bad termt nated with a verdict of “guilty,” aud seatence of death bad been pronouneed. The Docior, it will be remember- ed, got up e ficticious marriege with tho lady in q (hia wie being alive), and slowly prisonad ber for the gake of getting her monsy, The case attracied mica at- sention. 4 petition in bankrvptcy was fel on the 19th ult. in ie Air. Jobu Edward Buller, o! tho firm of ,*olicitore, London, who had x>sconded With liabilities believed to exsesd £100,000. Ha is sald to have misappropriated large sums entrusted to himas a tolicitor and truntee. Mr. Smart, bis pariner, is in no wey implicated in the charges. the Paris Pays, of Augurt 19, has received news from Feypt and the Ri a up to the 5th of August. Tas pre cence of the English equadron at Alexandria produced a great eengation in the couniry. The Pays remarks tha, it corresponds with tae increas of the navel divisioe of the Red Sea and thet of the garrisons of the maritime for. ‘wreases that the Englisa possess io that ger. New works of defence have, besides, beon added to those fortresses, vimilar to those which have Jately been made at Malte, Gibraltar and Corfu. At Aden, as at Corfu and Multa, they are now erecting coset batteries, armed with the yifled cannons of Armatrong’s system. The Cunard steamship Naropa, trom Boston and Tali- fax, arrived a: Liverpool! on the 20th of Augue’, at ono o'clock P, M. THE EVENTS OF THE DAY. @ur London Correspondence. Lospor, Auguet 19; 1959, The Recent Imperial Amnesty —Necessity for a Free Press— Inérigues of the English Court—Operations of Princs Albert—Austria Estranging Herself from France—Aus tria SHU Phreatened by French Troops—State of Landon, de. dc, The news which you will receive by the Africa, that ‘Napoleon Il. has granted a complete and unlimited am- nesty, and restored liberty to the French press, is the beet proof that your article on the 4th inst , on ‘‘The’Peaco of Villafrance,” was based on an accurste kcowledgo of the rea! state of alairs in France. In some of my earlier correspondence with youon French politics] have had oosagion to deplore the fact that Napoleon II{. had de- prived himeelf of the bestof all aid—that of a national press, when free and unfettered. He will be singularly ptrengthened in his position as regards Great Britain by the couree he has now taken, because the English public are systematically kept in the dark as to the foreign policy of their goverument, which is adminis. tered solely with a view to the interesta of a German Qacen acd a corrupt aristocracy. False statements put forth by the Court (such as Prince Aibert’a forged treaty between France and Russia Jast April, which sent down consols seven per cent and foreign stocks thirty per cent, and by which he is said to buve netted half a million ster ling at the expense of the eighty firms who were ruined by it) cannot be successfully answered by the Moniteur, ‘but are catily diaposed of by the general press, which, kuown to be free, will acquire « power equal to that of the United States or Engiand. lattle or nothing is known asto the prosecdings at Zurich. Well informed diplomatists assure me tha: the entente between Austria and France is by co means #0 cordiale a6 is eocernily supposed, Austria, with chs raoteriatic stupidity, thinks thet she can manage to evade in detail the stipulations to which her Emperor, with defeat abroad and revolution at home, was but tor happy to promise aesent. Napoleon IIT. cannot be treated tbus-with impunity, and there is very good reason to be- deve that the corps of 60,000 men left behind ‘‘momentané ment” in Italy are directed quite a8 much against Aus- tria es the Itelians. Here we have nothing new, Parliament ig prorogued— every one out of London, The Queen ie entertaining ® large party of Germans and Russians at the Isie of Wight, and everything is apparenily siumbering. But the embers of discord are but smouldering. Tho strike of the mechanics inthe building trade ix assuming ferious proportions, and should it become general, and should the anrepresented masses reflect on Sir James Grabam’s statement, that “they” pay the interest on the naitonal debt—£26,000,000 per anuum—that they do so, moreover, bya taxation 80 unfair that the poor mau pays eight hundred per cent on the value of his tobacco, the rich man paying only thirty per cent—with other in: stances of unfairness, less, it is true, in proportion, bu’ yet quite intolerabie—should they reflect on this during a ieee "Our ee oe istresz and scarcity of food, the avo but to agree on united action and it will tak something more than Mr. Bright and Mr. Cobden’s Reform bill to keep the German Queen and the whig and tory aristocracy in their piaces. ‘The Great Eastern goes on her trial trip on the 8th of September, and sails from Holybead for Port): on 15:h of that month; she oug! jand harbor on Thursday, 224 Soptember. THE MONSTER STEAMSHIP GREAT EASTERN, Loxnon, August 19, 1859, Mr, Lever’s Enterprite—The Port of Gatway—Capacity of Milford Haven—Perils of Ichthyosarii in Liverpool Har- bor—France and Austria's Waning Friendship—John Ox Smiling Contentedly—The Duke of Reichstadt’s Re- mains—Not a Pinch of his Poor Dust Left—Mr, Oob- den’s Speech Making—The Invasion Panic—English Means of Resistance—A Fact About Palmerston—The French Annesty—No Amnesty for Dead Orsini—maszi- ni—-A Coburg Pamphic—A Senator's Sentiments—Ma- dame Bishop the Bishop of AU Bishops, dc. Mr, Lever, the moat enterprising friend that Paddy ever MORNING EDITION—FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 2, 1859. had, bas offered « second time to charter the big seam- ship Great Eastern, paying £20,000 cagh dowa, and like- Wise to coal the vessel, for her first trip to America from asafe Eoglieh or Irieh port, Of course the honorable member means Galway; whore else could the ahip gall from? Not from Liverpoo, certainly, for she would get aground in the mud, and would furnish Me. 8. Ounard with iron saucopans fo any a long yezr to coms, to the great delight of hie colaborateur, Mr. Rowland Bill, of anti-ocean per portage celebrity. Milford Haven may pursibly be the starting point fixed upon by Mr. Laver. I understand that a considerable ship may float thore at any time without the assistance of any oldJady or shower of raln—at leact.such was my judg, ment when I visited it on the occasion of Mr. Roebusk’s celebrated denunciation, on board ship, of the dirty whigs, and the declaration of his partial adbesion to th: tories. This le more than can be said of some of the Old World harbore, such as Liverpool, where the ichthyoss rilor the sem serpent would have considerable difficulty in wriggling over tho bar in a fog, evemat high tide, much more at low water, You may question the propriety of my commence mens op this topic; bat let me ask what concerns news more than the mode of {is transit? Next to the privuege of being able to sperk ou! or write out at al a2 they canact do in derpotic countries, comes the ques- tion [of rapid, frequent and punctoal despatch and do- livery of news, To pase op to romething else. France and Austria are said to be on by no means such good terme es they were, whereat degenerate John Ball, or Joha Ox, j@ somewhat gratified. It may ‘te true, or it msy he a canard from Paris of Imperial origin, Let not Enetend trust to these straws of diploma. cy. There may be & rapprochement cordiale to morrow. We beard a great deal s little time sgo about the remaing of Napoleon JI., Duc de Reichstadt (#a0 gave a name wa waltz instead of an empire), being transferred to the I valides at Paris from Vienna. That story seams to h: flowered and gone out, or rather gone tn, without leaving as much behind of solid reulity us would outweigh the ashes of Ganatbat, The ‘fact’? is-—devy it who can—‘bat shen they came to look for the corpse of the sesond Nap, there was notbing to be seen—not even a pinch of duat suillciens to fill the nostril of toe moat acate German poll. ticlay. The poor youth was utterly used up; he left no remains. The cause of this is woo delicate for me to eaver upon; but if your readers will take the trouble to write to China, they can aek the Chevalier Wikofl for further roa- fong,and J will stake my professional reputation, and what ie auch more, « five doilar pieec, that he woa’s tall them, and will return po answer. Mr, Cobden and Mr. Bright have been holding forth at Rochdale, and spoutiog no end of colton galimatias and tenth rate turbid squash oratory. Every honest aud sensible man is eick ot this. You have not improved Mr. Cobden in America. But !¢ ie no wonder, he was lo. ince pest improvement, When a man has lived ali his life upon the lowest diet that etreet garbage canfatford, Goes bis constitution rally? Wnoea a “cotton politician’s’’ brain once softens, cau it be hardened? As with regard to everything elee, Cobden contrives to draw @ false inference even from such petty pre- mises, and io deceive bis hearers. America moet certainly does not speak with contempt of the slarmitts, but with pity and disgust fur the cause of the panic. Kogicnd is lowered od dograded by her present teers; but those alone aro to blame who caueed her disarmament, aud ber preseat very | queer and shaky state ir. the matter of defences. By the bye, Lord Patmorstca told an awfol migstatement the otber night iv the House, and no one denied it. He mumbled out distinct/y enough that Fogland bas 200,006 men under arms, of whom 150,000 are militiamen. Evgland would be puzzled to collect 40,000 men togecher, and I can tell you that she has but 16 militia regiments embodied, and these cen only rouster about 400 or 450 men each. Her Chapne! equadron afloat numbers only seven screw sterm- ships of the line (the block ships are worth little, and her sailing ships nothing, as matters are). Tae voluateer rifles have turned cut a mere fl in the pan— which ig an incorrect figure, I own, in these days of percustion locks. ‘They muster about 1,500 men (not thousands—don’t let your printer start a cor- rection on his own account). vn it be wondered at if those gentlemen who bave hed no share io or prefit from peace doctrines should feel rather uncomfort- able when reading at their breakiuat tables of the extra. ordinary agility and ferocity of the furcos? Of course, if a Man sey & word, in or out of the Houre of Commons, bo ix av alarmist—hunc tu Romane caveto. Avoid him, tov, Romat citizen of the Paimerstonian type. Bat i¢ appears to me—and I belfeve that eyory intelligent Amoricaa will ‘be of my epinicn—that there is some sengo in this appre- benrion, and considerable madness of reliance on :hs part of the peacemoagers upon the Kaaperor’s good will and the unarmed piuck of Enghebmen Apropor of Palmeretoc, | winh to nequaint you with « re- markable fact. He has latterly become one of tie most extensive lsndowners in the United Kingdom. A frient it returned froma ishing expediion through. nd, Szotiand aad Ireland, tells me tuat he was amezed at the pumber of estates which be fell in with everywhere belonging to the nobie lord. No one hardly knows this bere. Of course you are awaro that about aqaarter of a century since Lord Patmareton could not get credit for a leg of mutton asywhere whore he waa known. What can he have been doing? Secret forvice money tf not tnycsted in land or console; itcannot be laid out in Mortgage at #ixty percent. Tho only gol vion ig teat Par hes stood in with De Morny and nls pa tron iu the French funds. The thing is odd and sugges. tive in its way. I wili tell you more about it if I live to write again. " The amnesty of the French Emperor cannot fail to com- mand applause. It ie so artfully bomane and mercifuliy wite. The alarmists say that they oan easily penetrate the Emperor's little game; for that he desires not on!y to accumulate ail the strevgin he can at home—aAfri- can generals, to wii~but to remove al! obetacior from the psth of conquest abroad. Oa the other hand, sentimentalists give him credit for a change from ruthless severity to gentle modera\ion. Wass a pity that he cut off Orsini’s head! He cannot, with ali his vend the ammesty to the corpee of this “devoied but misguided Itelan,”” Ali the King’s courtiers and ail | the King’e men caunot bid those fiery pulses beat again at gound of the rattling war drum of Italien liberty. Little Louis Blane has written @ neat letter of repa- diation of Nepoleon’s mercy. Mazzini has lately foimni- nated in the Times and all the English rapers. Strange to eay, the Emperor seizes this moment to allow, for the first time, the admission of the English journals into France. 1 think that he might have done this at eny time before, eceing that unless they were translated thoy could bave done very little barm or good in France. ‘A pamphlet, gala to have been written by the Duke of Saxe Coburg, has created gome Iittis attention Ite views are eesentially warlike, aud very antago- Distic to France, Napoleon, Russia aod Lord Pa'mers- ton. It may bave been writien by the brother of Prince Albert or his hatter; it be Urquhart’s, or from the pen of 2rown, of tne celevrated triad whereof Robinson js leet, Bo thatasit may, {thas hada prodi- gious effecton my mind. It has caused me to contempiate the probabie deeds of the incomparabie hero Aibert, should thé French ever really land io Eogland. Waat will he do? or rather what won’t he do? Will he advance reading Tennyeon’s “Jdylis of the King,’ and fo lull the sctive Zouave to insidious slumber, and then rush upon him, ag the London Daily Telegraph lately wrote ia one of ite intended to-be emartest leaders, like a bloody-minded Sizera, Was not this mistake rich?’ The T-legraph don’t read its Bible, and otherwise considerably deranges its epitapbs. But to return to our mouton, ¢.¢ the Priace. Would he head the army o” Aldershot? Would he dazzia the enemy with his boots? Or will he boli to America in the guize of Herr Schmidt? These are questions to be resolved. I will now tell you what a memoer of Pariia- ment, one Biddulph, lately said. He delivered himself of the patriotic sentiment that he would rather ece Eogiand under ihe occupation of a Freuch army than weapons Placed in the hands of the British people. Hoe said, by Way of reason, that the French army would ba under dis- cipline, and tho Englieh people would not, What a wretch! But the sentiment is that of « large portion of the presont ruling oligarchy. One more fact: Two Lond. morning news are subsidized by Napo'eon to write what suite his views, even at the expense of England’s interests and safety, What a chance it would be for your oid ac- quaintance, Captain de Riviere, who captured go meny hearts in America and took the virgin Malakolts of New York by storm, could he have a fling in London. Dspsnd upon it, such is the fecling of many a soldier Frenciman, besides the gallant conqueror whom I have name, Madame Bishop has cha she world of song in the metropolis, and is about to revisit tho scene of her tri umphs in America, J for one could spare many bishops in preference to this Eplecopal priestess of song. There jx the Bishop of Oxford, for example, and cke twelve other bishops besides, and I will throw into the ecale the well known Bishop of ‘Bond street, of dog reatoring farac, This gentleman, as you have heard, is the Jonathan Wild of canine alienation. Yes, you may have all our bishops, aproned or not, save this fair one, who is really tho archest Bishop of all. WHAT IS DOING IN GERMANY, Our Berlin Correspondence. Berun, August 17, 1852. The King’s IUness—Serious Nature of his Sickness— Vo Hopes of his Recovery—Position of the Prince Regent— The Revolution of 1848—Patriotic Meetings in Leading Tnons— Probabilities of the Suocession—Oomm-rcial Treaty with Japan—The Expedition Preparing, dc., dc. , dic. For the last week the King’s illness has suspended al! other topics of conversation, and public attention has been diverted from the affairs of Italy and the Confercace of Zurich to the bulletins issued morning and evoniag from ‘the royal palace of Sans Souci, I informed you, in my des- Patoh of the 10tn inst, that the King had hed an attack of spoplexy on the Sunday preceding ; that he had been par- tally relieved by copious venesection, but that be ro- matned ina very precarious stato, At the time I wroto, however, or rather up to the Previous evening, when I had received my latest intelgence from Pois- dam, no immediate ontastropho was apprehended, Ror wore any official bulletins published ; but in tho night, from ‘Tuesday t Wodnesiay, ho had another fit, and it thus became evident that his life was in muminent danger, The Prince of Prussia, who had been telegraphed for to Sas, arrived a Sans Souci the same Cvening, followed goon after by the Princess, and by tho next day the wholo royal family, who had dispersed in Various directions among the baths and watering places of Germany, were assembled at tho King’s residence, in hourly expectation of his death, All Thursday and Fri- day he continued fn » state of unoouscionsness, from whioh thero seemed very little proryes. of his awaking. ‘The royal theatres were closed, and prayers wero offered up in the churches for bie rocovery, Qu Friday night, however, a slight improvement was perceptivie; the con- gestion of blool to the head diminished, aud be showed symptoms of returning animation. He rooognized the Queen, who had been unweariod In lice attendance upon him, spoke ® few words to her, and asked for some mili. Since then the pressure upon the braia has gradually re- laxed, and bopes are entertained by the physivlans tat his robust constitution will triumph once more over the inroads of disease, and enable them to drive the fol chemy from the citadel of life; but he is still excessively weak, and a relapso may occur from one moment w the other, which '> his present state of prostratéon woult most likely be fatal. He ie not allowed to ree any one except the Queen, the doctors and his immediate attendants ; even his brothers and eisters are nut adaisted to his bed- vide for fear of the agitation or excilement which aa io- terview with them might give rise to, I: has been atated la the newspapers, indeed, that the Prince Regent Is in eons) attendance upon him; but this i¢a mistake ; the Tince Oscupies a guite of apartmen's voxt to his, bat he ber been striculy eujoined not to hold gay communioaston with the royal invaud. A few dsys muet show whether tho improvement im bis condition is permamont, or whether it is onty the last flickering of the lamp before ite being Avully ‘extinguished ; if he doos recover afer ae = attacks it will certainly bo little short of a race. ~ Altpough it is two yeere since the reins of government have dropped trom the Kwwe’s baads, his death would eull be attended with political consequences of no tncouside- rable importance. The Prince oi Prasgia enjoys ail the authority which the functions of Regeut entitle him to; but yet be is only the delegato of a superior power, and his actions are in geome aegres Dumpered by deference to the wet known opinions and prejudices of the monarch in whose name he reigns. A man of vogcrapaious energy and inflexible determination would vos pay much atten- tion to such coveiderations whea opposed to his owa ta- terests and to those of bis pop!a; this, however, is not the Prince’s character. Though suflisteotly regotute when his mind is once wade up, he w & long time ta coming to a decision, in casee of emergency he hesitates and procrasti- nates tili the raoment for action ie past, eat having baen secostomed ali his life to regard the King 2s mca with the reverence of a subject as with the affection of a bro- ther, be feels a batural reluctance end alarm, if urged by bis gavisers or impelied by political necseuity, to take any steps which, though in accordance. with hie per- sonel convictions, he is aware would not be approved of by the sovereign if tho latter were still in postession of his authority, Besides, ag long asthe King is actually in the laud of the living, there 18 a chance, however remote, of his recovering not only his physical healtn but his mentai faculties; the Kiengzeitung party have never ceased to hope for or to predic: this restoration, and to throw out covert hints for She Prince to beware how he proceeded too far ina course for which he might be called to accouas at no dis. tant period by ap offanded master. All tuis coes no} tead to allay the scruples or to remove the vactliation thas lier atthe bottom or the Prinse’s character, though masked by ap appesrance of soldierly firmness, and which isis notto be expected he will ever got the better of as loag as he continues to govern merely as the subdatituie of bis brother. It will be seen, therefore, that ats accession to the throue would be an event of some consequence at any time, and more especially at ihe presen’ juasture, when the jate war and the sudden aud mysterious poaca have produced an agitation in Germaay unparalleled since the evente of 1848, and revived projects in which Prussia is more directly interested than any other Po ver. The revolution of 1848 swest away for a moment the Federal Diet, wh ch, under the influence of Metternich, has weighed like an incubus upoa Germeay, end supported ber petty princes in their warfare aguinal the liberties of the people. It was replaced by a National Assembly, composed of delegates from all parts of the coustry, which laid down the bazes of a constitution framed somewnat alter ths model of the United States, with the exception that the chief magistrate was to be berediiary and to beve the title of Emperor instead of President. “Tae im. ‘own was offered to Freserick Wuiliam IV., king asthe most powerful sovereiga of the Gor- manic Union, from which Austria was excluded; but the King. who detemed the idea of revotution, aud whose novons of divine rights were shocked by tho pretensions of the people to elect tneir own rulers, rejested the prof- fered crown, An ipsarrection broke out, which was promptly quelled by militery force; the National Assensb!y ‘was direolved, the Dict restored, and tae old federal con- foderooy reigned once Ure supremS I Ccrmany. THe events of the laet few mouths have proved that boly whe &s effete and impotent as ever; though it had been w crush the agpiratious of the penple, to overvarow tho live: rel inatiiutions conquered by the revolution of 1843, und to rea@uce Germany to the tame dead level of eervitate from which she had go recently emergod, it has shown iteelf incompetent to secure ine indepeadence of tae coua try and to protect it from foreiga aggreasion. Menacat on esch side by powerful aad ambit‘ous neighbors, dis tracted by interna! feuds, the vation has again besomo tlive to the necessity of a ubion foanded on princip'es ¢ m- eonant with the spirit of the age, and all eyes are tured to Pruseis, under whores auspices’ it can aloae bs off Meetings of putriotic trdividusts have already beee calle ut Eierach and other places tc deiiberate upon the con. dition of the country and to concert meseuret for we reform of the German Confederation, and motions of a similar tendency bave been brought forward in the Obam- ‘bers of Hanover and Sayaria. Tne ies is to convoge a national Parliament, which is to sit at Fraakfort conjolatly with the Diet; the latter, componed of delegates of the sovereign princee, forming a kind of Senate, aud the for- mer, elected by the people, a House of Representatives, whilst the Exgcutive Is tobe lodged inthe hands of single power,to whom the right of makicg pouce and war, the diplomatic negotiations with foreign States, tas conclugion of commercial and international treaties, &>, are to be entrusted, subject to the approval and rasifisa- tion of Parliement. As yet this movement is only in is infancy, but it will be keot alive ant strengthened by the compiications that cannot fai| to arise from tae convention of Viliafrauca, and by the dangers waich Geran wih ‘be exposed to in consequence. Whether it succeeds in its Object or is doomed to the same disappolutment that hag invariably attended the efforis of German patriots, de- pends entirely upon Prussia. Up t) the present mo- Ment the Prugsian government has kept atoo! from it, though their attitude, untike that of the other Staves, is rather passive than positively inimi- cal to it; in fact it proceeas in a grest meusure from tho \beral constitutional perty, which numbers most of the Prussian munistry—MM, Schieinitz, Anuswald, Schwerin, Paton—among its members; but, shackled by the position of the Prince Regent, they are under the necessity of re- fraining from any steps that would engage them ina Policy which they might ultimately be uaabdle to carry out. Shonid the demise of Frederick William IV, place the crown of Pruesia upon the head of his brother, affzirs would assume a different aspect, and in that case it can hardly be doubtea that government would take active measures in furtherance of a scheme which, while pro. moting the best interests of the nation, would secure this country that pre-eminence in Germauy to which its ruiers have been aspiring ever since the days of Frederick the Great. Ap expedition will shortly set sail for Japan to conclude & commercial treaty with that Empire which, after being So long hermetically closed against the rest of the world, has been opened to the intercourse of nations by the en- terprising spirit of America. The project was broachol early this spring, but was abandoned in consequence of the war; it Row been resumed, and will be carrica into execution forthwith. fhe expedition, which is fitted ont at Dantzic, consiste of two vessois, the frigate Tnetis and the steam corvette Arcona, and will havea Prussian ambassador, Baron Richshofer, on board, who is om. powered to negotiate on behalf of the Zo!lvereia and of the free cities of Hamburg, Lubec and Bremen, He will probably be accompanied by astaff of cavants, who will not Jet such an opportunity pass of exploriog a country, the firet ecientific description of which was published as carly asthe reventeenth century by 2 German naturaliat, Keapffer. Tue ships are to be freighted with manufactured goods from Saxony, Westphalia, Silesia, &c , and }t is hoped this expedition will open new channels to German industry, which has suffered severely from the pressure of tae times and ie still in a very depressed condition. Our Brussels Correspondence. Brvasers, August 18, 1959. State of Germany—The Zolverien—Prussian Influence Within the League—Napoleon the Friend of the Zolve- rein—The Cause—Direct Trade with the Cotton States— The Cotton Supply Question—The Crops Throughout Eu- rope—Advance in the Prices of Grain in the Interior Markets—Spa—Ihe American Minister, de., dic., Bc. The movement in Germany continues to indicate a fur ther and further departure between Austria and Prussia. The Zollverein ag yet keeps its international attitu that league is chiefly Prussian in its influence, the sympa- thy shown for the union by France creates surprise, for ua Isaid in my Inst letter, Napoleon makes a distinction between the alliance of force and the alliance of com merce. He is bound with Austria; he now seeks to be bound algo with Prussia. This policy is simply traditional Tho Zollverien bad its real origin with the ideas of the firet Napgleon. It is unnecessary to ask confidence in a Policy which, while it fills the {dea of the traditions of Na- poleon, at the same time conserves the interests of Ger- many. And herein lies the clement of that great move- ment which, based on the Berlin and Milan decrecs, will seek to realize in the West what Russia is Striving for in the East—commercial antagonism with England. It is curious that Russia and Germany = both make America the base of operations. Free trade with the Fatherland wil! soon be hoard on the banks of the Ohio. Direct trade with the Continent of ir af ate eer eat ae ‘with the Southern States is oq | fm the American Congress. Avd every future evcuggie | Old gentiomay murt eelect between the abandonment of will incresee thig voto, a8 it will serve ae a 06% divaase for the South with the Northweet, and will prove to thy poopie of the Southern States that they have io their owa hands & power gresier (hau abolitioalsm. tho solwa power, Ad & war Oi tarills Uabed upoa oar Barepean and commerce) alliance, will io tive years be the grows! oo which the cotton States wil! resist the free negro policy of England, Whether Jobo full will ever be driven tot wail by the excere of demaud over supply on the cotton question remaine to be seen. The day that that worthy his cotton industry aad the abandonment of hia Weat India policy Mr. Seward's clicats will be left to take care | of themeetves. © conrumption of cotton is increas: | ing op the Continent at a rate which will in a few years make & large Lois in ihe cution crop of the United States. Nearly eeventy-flve per cent of the cottop meckinery manufactured im Rogland is so made for exportation to the Continest, The mitis in Germany watch once boagbt all tneir thread in England. ure now addige the eplunisg to the primyry de- partwent for the veo of raw cotlou. Bat in the thread de partment even & now comoetivor Ww entering the Meld, AU agency hes been opened at Cologne for the Pale of Gaorgia cotton yarks, abt if my informant is not aver eanguins, the Georgia, threat wili 800n be @ favorite in the market, hotonly beouase of tae superior texture of the article and the advanitge in price, but becauge the trade is based on reciprocal bas rt Germany, who hopes % finda market in the South for hor roods. vee by w lato number of tho Herarp that your readers aro already in poswesetou of the tirst puniic circular of toe Belgian Commitee on direct trade with the Sout: Taere Was scother meeting the other day, in order to take steps for organizing a genasal meeting of mapulactarers aud will be {avited. Invite. ; Jeadivg Southern men who gre in Peris at tate time. It is poratbie tro mesting may be public. If go, it will be fully repories. The latest information confirms the opinion that the | crops in Germany, Holland, Belgium wad France are not at ailpromisivg, Db ‘a wili be comperatively smatl and inferio quail Indications of this siate of things begin to manifest theagotves by an advance in prices in ail the interior marke's, eepecially of Germany, Political rumors confine to fly ebout in wit directions; but cf an immense amount of speculation ts carried on upon the strength of these rumors, it ie impossible to place aby reliance upon themone way or the other. € lata articles of the ExnsLn on the commercial and financial movemont in the United States are creating quite an excitement here. The lesdicg Cuaacial journal, the Moniteur of Material Intereste, directs public attention to your facts and fgures. It ig to be hooed, now that the headlong course of things in Amorica ia thus rapidiy reflected Mroughont the French and Germac pcess, that a check msy be put on the hanit of overtrading. There wasarumor that eaverst importent diplomate lately raet in Brussels to discuss the German questioa. There te no foundation tur tae ramor. The city is excessively dull. A great many Americana are parsing through Belgiim, end these, wicd the Eagil give @ certain animetion to the place; but the aearon hes beer ap unueually bad oxe for hotels and shops. ‘There are fcvern! American farnilies yet at Spa. The American Minister is there with his family, the centre of agay circle. The opinion of Attorney Genera! Black bas eresied a sensation in Germany, nat only among the diplo- mets but among the people, which will uot subside quielly. INTERESTING FROM TUSCANY, Our Florence Correspondence. Frorence, Auges: 16, 1859. Eleciion of Del gates—The New Assenvily—Novilly and citement— Procession of the L-giskstors—Their Americt Appearance~The First Session—Tae Message—M stericl the Tuscan Ass-mbly—ltaly Looking to England—Her Moral Power—Rise of Newspapers in Florence—Antonalli. | Hilding om to Power—Tae Frigate Wabash—Gaveral Gariboldi— Warmth of His Reception, dc., €2. In 8 political aspect the past hag beea an interesting week in Florence, Two important steps have been taken, | and two considerable events have been accompitehed. | Firat, there was the election of delegates to the new | Tuscan Assembly, conducted with #o muck regularity and | com good order as to be & modei fur countries having a larger | experience of the elective privilege, Three days ago the | Assembly came togother for the firat time and effected its | organization. another memorable dzy for Tuscany; the day on which | the popular will begat egsin to find expression through | legitimately appototed oi 3 the day on which the | population emerged freza m condition of political child. | hood or gerviiude to the digaity and responsibility of manhood, It was kept aga general holidey in Florence. Soon after dawn the bells commenced ringing merr’ peals, which continued at intervals throughout the day. ‘Most of the shops were closed, and some thousauis of tae | population gathered in the atreets to have a sight of ¢2ca | a novelty ae a legislative body going in pre 2 Lo the metropolitan clurch to bear mass previous to com- mobcivg the ceremony of inauguration. At precizely alne o'clock the members elect of the Assembly met at the Paiuzzo Vecchio, aud in @ short time moved acrose the grea: square, and through tbe length of the Via Calzijaoli | ©’ about @ quarter ef a mile, companies of mounted gend @ stutione’, end slong the street were drawn outtwo lincs of the new Nationa! Guard.” Tae members of the Arserably on foot, with their herds uncovered, all | Gregred in respectable or rather “solemn” black, looked | as Dear like one of our State legislatures Proceeding to the opehing of & teesionas any American could desire. Outof | an eveniog party, we have uotuven 80 many unpicturesque twallow-tail coats got together since we left America, whore, we are told, this primitive garment is gtill con- sidered asuiteble dregs tor the etroet, By ping of hsnde the crowd warmly applauded the deputies as they moved along. In the cathedral eight lines, one behind the other, of the National Guard, were stretched along on either side ef the nave. Such a crowd of bristitng bayo- nets formed an unusual eight, 2s the ate Grand Dake was content with two lines of soldiers of the regular army to form his avenue. Buteuch a muatering of the National Guard in their blouses with red trimmings was only meant to signify that if the Grand Duke could have thou- sands of hirelings to guard his person the elect of the people may have tens of thousands of citizea goidiers to sustain the majesty of their authority, fhe ceremony of the mass in the church being over, the deputies returned to the Palazza Vecchio. The piace in which the Aseembly holds ite seasions is the great hall called the Cinque-Ceuto, in the Palazzo Vecchio. Itis indeed & noble room, aud worthy of the grandeur of the ancient Florentine republic. With a length of more than one hundred and seventy feet and a width of about half that extent, it ia one of the largest halls in the world. At» height of fail seventy, feet hangs the mpjestic roof, without a sgingio support from Deneaih, rich with massive carving and giiding, till bright, uithongh put on about the time Columbus get sail for America, The deep buys of the ceiling are filled with paintinge in oil by tue well koown artist Vasari. Ia tne ‘yaat spaces which form the sides of the room are painted in fresco, by the same artist, battle scenes, with dguree of gigantic proportions, the suojects taken from early Flo- renime history. Around the ball, upon massive pedestais of masonry, are @ doz2n or More groups in marble, of co- Josgal proportions, representing the triumphs of Hercules, and similar fencies taxen from ciassical mythology. This galcon, by the grsudeur of {ts proportions aud majestic gcneral wepect, puts to sbame all monuments of our auglo- Saxon pride of @ similar character. How mean in com- parison scems the itile high!y decorated chamber called that of the Lords, in the Parliament House oj Eogiand, where the members are cribbed and stifled at night, breathing an atmosphere not much better than that of cna Bick Bole of Calcutta! Why do we not, instead of building our Congrees hatis with cellings of not more than thirty feet clevation—adout that of a private palace in Ttaly—lift them to @ height of sixty, seventy and even eiabty feei? Then our public boildiags would have now only @ largences of scale and dignity equal to those of these 4 European countries, but our public servants—:hoss whom whom we send to make the laws of the land— might ve avle to breathe more freely, flading always a broad stratum of pore air above their beads. The Asesimbly has not yet accomplished anything of much general interest or importance, except unscimously pesing & vole declaring tae Hapsburg dynasty extiocyin Twomny. The tiret days have been given tothe usual pre- linipary duties, such as swearing in, appointing presiding oficers and electing committees, with forms very similar tathose to which we are accustomed in our owa delibera- tye assemblies. The public is admitted to the sessions by ticketa, procured without difficulty from tue propor oficors. Boch faterest is at present felt in the proseed- 8, and on the firet day tbe crowd was large. We sead lation of the message delivered at the opening of tle sexsion by Baron Ricagoli, who bas been as the head ofthe government} since the departure of the Commigaion- @ of Pieamont, It has interest and value ut least as con. faining the first words to the country through a body constituted by tho free votes of the peopie:— buneAGE OF BARON RICASOLI, READ AT THE OPENING OF THE TUSCAN ASSEMBLY. PRESENTATIVES OF TUSCANY:— bet ernment is happy to Gnd tact tn the presence J + iF & ge i gEERE li i : i i i if ! j F | and tranquility. It we who cen) Toe Lith of August must be considered as | Scoompiiah | conducted snd most intelligent pooulution,. by acatiering | they be members of the ancien: aris: try and astiaty the national sevtiment, ‘Ther violence. The Prince showed himself to ve wholly -sustriea, tee count = te Female Tialan. Each foliowed the way watch had ‘The State rematuivg witbont s government. ths municips itv 06 Florence proceeded t> nominave & provisional reyinw which 002 rece\ved the approval ef the whole of Tuscany As all yesend all sifections were turned towards the Asaimous: ‘Ing who prepared upon the Ticino the forces which were \0 Wberate the country, go be wat syontsnesurly iavoked 10 ta. sume the rupreme direction of our civil snd miliary affure. leveled motives of policy preventad the Dictatorship being accepted; but under the prolestorahip of King Victor #manuel Tuscany ce‘ablshed a regular government, by which order was preserved and the country euabdled to par one, in the was of {adependence. A Comumisstooer of the King hed su preme power, and ezerciaed it for the general leting 41 mila aud giving reputation to the conatituied aatbortt; Aerraulia, somalanied by Hee Commnintone 8 auwred to him ie ion btrong in thie euppos plactog uealf at ti bead of the country tal ry be iceaned Slong aier It, the govercment provided far the dasnoem, re- Lin lawe aud prepared fur the reorganizat'oa of he State upon liberal p y Splendid victories of the French end Italian arms crowned our enterprise, Magmapimons promises, aco an the people Bre rarely accustomed to hear, raise high the popes of italiane, An unerpeoted peace, iuduced by powerful reasons, ef which being ignorant tt in dovbtiews our duty ts respect, ruptared desigow and discorofitied ezpectetions, ‘alitough the folemm ward of the Kmperor of the #ren tbat she Italian cause would aot be ‘The conrey uences of the peace cannot py: and to the otier states of Central Ltaiy of peaco terminated the protectcrate of the ing and the Boval Comwimioner was obliges to relire from Florence, leav- ing the autbority im the bende Of those woo up to that time bad exercised it, looking up to bim with the wileut conuent of the pub- he The withtrawel of po ital powes by # force suverior to \wef ie always pond set, humiliating spectacle, and indicates acriticat period tor’ of a State. The departure ot ihe Commissioner trom antag acter, le I ump of grati waiters terse it was & teiumpb of gratitu end 03 pe, ine ‘sep of twof. ‘kenge Mave fall ¢ ectatlan of ineeting tah Aor again. ‘ne Tuscans, extremely mov accoual 0! seperation, gave way to uo, diafurbance. but resigned thern- eé.ves to tt os & necer government, mean’ peg- lected to tise no means which might serve to cuke clear tae ieee reserved for Tuscany by the prelim inertes of Villafranca. Before the Emperor left Italy our dsleguie explained to nim fhe fears and by WI We Were disturbed, and be, with frank und generous Wcrds, of two things axzured hia—that no armed iaterveation would be wade, and (hat regard woald be shown w the legitimately expresaed wishes of the country. Assurances equally satis'actory were given by King Victor Kmenuel, who recotomended us to preserve internal order and not, to the ailghtest pretext to foreign aravee, wun con- 1 ore! clu¢ed ing the wish tba: the people or middle italy might tekeexamoie trom himeelt, and, extmguwhiog fu the desri all pager, want with Ormuess the fulfilment of the des- nies ys avimated by such earnest ceslarationg, repeated to our dele gates at Paris and London, and not diac mraged by timid coun- sels, the goveroment im ly rewelve1 to conveke a body of Nauoval Kepresentatives, which might become the inter: reter of the public will, and give tha’ legitimets exoression Eemsnded by the kimperor Napolson es Wall as by the su- ropean Fowera which roay take par: in the settlement of Malian aflaire Bow Turcany may bave responded to jast expecta. Move is shown in tbe admirable harmony with which the elec: ‘hons were conducted, and your presevce in thi piace three daye after your names were procisimed tm the Miectoral Cal- Guard, brought toge.ber in toe briefest cl sacred elective privilege, wil! be prompt Iso to protect and see executed the dec which may be motry, the government has accomplished, and ft fs cou- Mhetanding the preliminuries of Vitlsirexes, the fortunes of Tuszapy. and perhspa those of the whole of Cea: tral Italy, may devend upon us. On msay accyuats the condi. on of the states of Middle Son ie sm! lar to our own, and for all is perhaps reaerved the same destiny. The governmisnt has set ‘on fcot s plan for ® Military Lesgaé, by mesos of which the forces for de: beer: ali, and thus may Ret: ——— the Biates came to aa imperfec: issue. tA not won glory, it Bab tntreptaly sapported all ‘the incopveniences of the war, and it will mnow howto ave value to phe pledges of Tussavy, or, if needs be, fight the battles of al f endense But there and all other provisions made by the government y sad not the country given ii co opera- don in s manner not less admirable tha pesulier. It isnow ‘Tour months that Tuscany has been under the direction of a government which derived ite right of existence from the ne cessity of things, and which has no other support aad gusrsn tee except what are conceded by public ovtaioa; and waile there bave been so many temptations to tamzliuoua move ment, never bas the country enjoyed & greater degree of order ese west, certainly Wilbont envy in times of such grave difficulty, possess the con fidence of our fel'ow citizens, we are proud to possess it, be- cause it mates us strong to labor for the welfare of tha coun- try. itis emtuently ni the present conjuncture that we may have virtue to mainiain an stutnde whica will con- ciliate the confidence and reapect of Rurope, so the acts whicb may foliow our delicerations may 5 aad ‘with the coneciousness of baviog done our dnty, we may feel mure that we not meet the reproofs of those who shall je after up ‘Violence is able to destroy, but it cannot construct; nor te thas a true peace which leaves till to exist causes of contlist between the Cee and the people Let us not be discouraged by the smallness of eur State, ba- caure there ere moments whan even the small may be able to things. Let us remember that while in thie for three centuries the voice of liberty has been sdent, We discurs the afaira of Tuscany, our though must also turm to the whoie of Italy. The maniclpslity without the vation would be, in these days, & misconception Without clemor. ambition’ or diaolay, let us declare that which, as ita- Haas, we wish tobe Thus, Iuscany, alsa, will be able to en tablish her example and we may beable to congratulate our- selves thst we were bora io this pariot ite y; nor whatever masy happen, let us despair of the fusure of our beloved coun. wy. The following description of the newly elected mem | bers of the General Aseembiy of Tuscacy will doubiless ze atennuas to your readers oo bow sides of the At So many rach, inconsiderate, unfunded acatementy have made~ it Wonk! Rewrcety be bapond the sagh to sug" feat 9 mab y fou! gxlaumoies have oven sorend—respeotiog ha cb racter of the Tu vement, the: it es 1 justice to this s orderl v, we theve caiumules w the wiads “Lo-d wormenby, 2 pardclen bas endeavored to give credence to the aareriloa that wratarer has bitherts een cone in Tusceny is partly the work of Pied- montose ry of & Tuscan raoble, oN jat+ meats which can be craved or disproved a sovereigns bave had their miulstera aocradited io to's Conrt; nome are sl) residing in thiv cenfisl Five hundred mercbante are in dally correspondence ali Sarta and 1.94 Tuscany ie not, after all, s country #9 far distant fron France and Bogland. “the various clasies of ite Inaabitants, wheter ory oF following oro Sessional purwulta, or bankerg, or merchtn'a, or mea of leiters, Bre not so wholly unronnented with intelligent sad cultivated society in the rest of Enrope, shat any eopergions thro vn upou them by the pattisans, Iny or clerical. of the Austrian Aron dntes may be expected t> pam unckalla There is scarcely a single Ragush iamiiv of note ot which some of the members have not in the c lives, spent z.ome time in Florence, and sseaued quilicient opportinities of estimating the pertons} reapectsbliity and gocial status of the inany pergons cow met in Florence asthe representatives of "Ene capital of Sogcany bi daa capital of Tuscany hes elected nw tte rezresentativne— Mlniater of the Intérior, Baron Beitiao Sicesou; the Min- ister of Finance, Rafseila Gurecce: ths Chevalier Charles Fenzi, the youngest soa of the well known banker of (hit name, whore princely hospita.ities have been familiar to every Vieilerin Florence duriag the Irat forty years (the « hevalier Charlea Fenzi is Meewise the commsnder of tha National Guard); the Chevalier Ubaldino Pesuzzi, the descendant and Tepressptative of tha old Florentine baakers of that name, with #hom our own Edward Ti. bad dealings Ja bis French Wars: Count adolfo Mazzi, Vouneiltor Pusctoni, Pietro Thousr, whose writings have conferred on the youth of Italy beaefts Bot inferior to thore Lor wh'ch England has to thauk Mies Edge worth; M Leopoldo Cempici, san of the late Prime Minster of Tusosny; Major Balzani, sad three members of the medi- rofesston—Zannetti, the rut nurgeon ia Tuscany; Rauilio Cipriani, ita most distingaished ovulist, and Dr, Garreliul, a truly excellent acd phi'snthrovic phss'cian, whose establish ment of a marine honpital at Leghorn for the poorer ciasses of Sousamptive patients has been s great Doon to the lower el Of the eight members elected for the city of Legborn, the beet Bnown abroad is the priucipal bsuxer of Laghorn, Pietre Adami; but the other seven are persona of the highest respec! ability and losal sufnence. hs veneradle Marqnis dine Cap- pont and Prince Ferdiaando Strozzi have been returned as re- wy entatives of San Miniato. Count Ugolino Gherardesca, descendant of Count Ugolino, whow® terrivie fate has fur mished the theme for the verse of Dante and the brush of Reynolds, wits tor Camoigiia. The Marquis Lorenzo Lito Ginori, of ceramic fame, represents that o! Sesto on whict the members of bis fam'ly beve dai the Dundsed years conferred oligetions, the extent of which is familiar to li readers of the second edition of Joseph Marryau’s pleagaut book on ** Porcelain and * ‘The mountain die'rict of San Marcello, where the paper msnutaotory of the Cid bar long given noe ment to hundreds of iodustvious artsang, and literally MY. Pott called into existence a thriving litle town, hg avpropriatel and gratefully elected as fis member M.’ Bartolommeo Ui The Marquis Cosimo Ridoli, the present wininer of Foreiga Affairs, the first practical sgriculturiet in Tassany, represents. along with Count Pietro Masetit, Casteltiorentine The sscoad Prince of the House of Corsini, Dop Neri, Marquis of Lajatica, engaged at present on a mivaton to the french and English go verpments, has been returned, slong with bis nephew, Count Cambray Digny, for Borgo San Lorenzo, The wary Carlo Tarrigiani, one of the chief promoters of infa*t schovla I> Tus cany, &noblemin who has devoted cach attention to the io- provement of the crimmal Jaw, as well asto ameliorate the condition of the peasuntry, bia been chosen for Barbe- Tino, Two distinguished lawyers Adriano Mari (the counte for the Madiat)and Couneellot Porzi, represeat Bagnoa Kioo!!. The first forensic orator of whom Italy can now boast—the present Minster of Koclesingtical a fait Vincenzio aalvag- no!i~sits for his native town of Ampoli, sloog with the Che. vailer Guido Mannelli the helr of the nla Ricoard! ‘amity and Owner of tbat famous Riccardi pslace of which hobert Browning tella so strange stale. Profemor Atto Vannucel, man after Siduey Smith'sown heart—a maa ‘of blsmeless life and sound views 02 moods and tenges’—{a deputy for Monta! The venerable patriarch of Pncan—T might even say of Italisn—edncationiets, the Abbi Ratfeel brosshinl, ie Rent to the Agrembly as member for Figline, where the good old priest (would they were alle? auch a stanap !) hag apent #9 many yesra smog bis beloved boys, and (for the kind old soul has his hobby) his ecarcriy Jess beloved eilkworms, Celeating Bianchi, the Secret y of the government, is tem Marradi. It ig to be hoped that as roon as Eagland has fully re- covered from the terrors of an anticipated French inva- sion sbe will turn her attention gertouely towards Italy, With the intention of doing waat she may be able, if not with her diplomatic, st least by her moral influence, for the benefit of these little central States, Now that Lous Napoleon has torn io pieces the treaties of 1815, which England was the most active to irame, he seems deter- mined that that country shell be dragged into a conven- tion to confirm his act. Bat let Engiand at least reso. Jutely declure that she will eee justice done, even at this late moment, to the populations which ahe has so long, by ving her influence % Ausiria, helped to enslave. talians bave the right, at least, to ask this of her: and if the success of their reasonable hopes should be in sou¢ measure due to her moral intervention, England may be able to regain in Italy at loast a portion of the influence which she once enjoyed, but which ig now almost wholly Jost. Newspaper sympathy the Italians have had & good deal of from that free country, but it has been worse han thrown away whilethe government his boon giving ite countenance to the ‘enemy, J there ap- joy are muitiplying here, and at present peara to be a fair Droszect that the public will enj every for knowing what is forward be: the country as well ss within ite limits, and find ay the game time ample means for giving expression to popular sympathies and opinions. fhere are four daily papers, Spe saa ea, now printed in Florence, displaying more or less activity and skill in their ement—It Risor- La Narione, Tt Maritore, and L’Indipendenca. ago there was bot one small daily paper printed here, J! Mantore Zoscano—s paper withott , and one which in arycte' 4 other country would give up the a 4 Lg Cardinal Antonelli is busy From Rome we learn organizing his military , Soaste be ableto make sure of the which he is determined to hold ‘with an unyielding grasp. Mavy ofthe Swiss mercenaries Gecharged from japies arrive at Civita Vecehia, and these Pome United States sterm frigate Webash has been for more than a week in the port of Lezhorn, and )ll leave in a day or two for La Spe2zia. Garibaldi bas w ar- rived in Florence, and is received with much enthi by the population, THE PAGEANTS AND AMNESTY IN PARIS, Our Paris Correspondence. Panis, Augst 14, 1859. Grandeur of the Paris Fites—-Completones: of the Move- Ment—120,000 Armed AMen Present—Order of the Pro- corsionm Variety of Decorations—The Statue of Peace— Scenes in the Rue de la Puiz—Dazzling Prospects in the Place Vertléme—Rich and Gorgeous Decorations~Posi- tm of the Court and Imperial Attendants—The Prin- ces Oictilde Present—Deofening Applause om the Em- peror’s Appearance—D-filing of the Soldiery~Pneir Numbers—Order of the Regimenti—The Zouaves and Bidouins—Accidens—The Emperor's Kindwess—Ths Sol- diers? Companions, dic., ds. Such a military spectacle as wan witnessed yesterday in the capital of France has very rarely been seen, It was not that, numerically speaking, its proportion was 20 vast, for greater numbere on & grand field day have been col- jected within recent memory on the Champ de Mars; but, while the thousands and tena of thousands, in all their massive immensity, formed, as they must always, ® con- fiderable feature im the scene, it was a certain unique- Ress,a dramatic completeness of the whole as it moved forward through the broad thoroughfares of the fairest of al) European cities, in the midst of half a million of apec- tators, which constituted its pecuiiar attraction. Taere ‘Won this also to be added: thet, theatrical as the display might be, it wag ezgentially a phage in the drama of rea- life. Every Marshal, as every man of the ranks—every firelock, as every cannon—were freah from the death strvggie, and while many on their persons bore the living evidence of the perils they had but partially eacaped, whole regiments showed, by their reduced numbers, thetr tatiered banners and the trave) worn aspect of the Living, the deadly game they had been playing. i L’ Armée d’ Italie was reprenented by about 70,000 men; but if we calculate the number of troops which guarded tha whole of the long trajet from the Piace de is Bastile to the Pisce Vendéme, inciuding the National Guard, the amount of armed men in the strects of Paris can ecarcely be eatimated at less than 120,000. The infantry marched in files of eighteen men, their ranks not clonely serriec, but with plenty of space and tospare. On one side were drawn up the Line, on the other the Garde Nationale, double deep. Behind them was an extentive trotwir thirty feet at least in depth, in many places much wider, every inch of which was occupied by a dense mass of spectators, From the Barriere du Irdne to the Piace Vendome, a space of five or six miles, it wag the same everywhere, and not only the pavé, but every window to the houge-top literally swarmed with human beings. Great as was the military spectacle, the people themsetyes, unconscious of it as they were, were a spectacle infinitely greater. They were all so well dressed too. I speak of the crowd on foot—the well to do bourgeois and the ouvrier e@mbiouze, The women, whether in chapeau or the charac- teristic bonnet, protected from the sun by such charming * parasols—whole families, too, with children ia their arms, all according to their grade in life—and no people so punctilioutly observe this as the French—presented a coup @orik of well clothed, well behaved people, such as any nation, whatever it: claims to greatness, might be exoused for envying. Notan angry or even impatient word ig uttered. The sun may shed his flercest rays, the heat ef Such close packing may De unendurabie, the obstructing of vision positively insurmountable—all is manage! eome- how without a mcrmur; nothing is allowed to interfere ‘with the good humor and desire of fan and pleasure that brought them from their homes. Throughout the whole passage, especially from the Place de la Bastile, where the troops who were eacemped at Vincennes bad assembled, there were the ordinary decorations with which custom has renderea Parisian demonstrations ee familiar, the characteristics of waich sre mast poles gilded and painted, and with oriflammes, triumphal arches, faisceanx of the national colors, be- tides banners of all natious—1 don’, know that [remerk- ed those of Austria on the present occasion=-teparaiely suspended from the windows of tno aifferent ages that fe to make up the lofty proportions of a Pane box. ine reader, however, muat aot argue from this thet the Various emblems, appareatly so indicative of sympathy, are spontaneous ebuilitions. Were aii Paris in a Viazeot velvet and fery gee to-morrow it would infer no unani- mity of feoling, no genera! satisfaction on the part of the inhubitante, each of whom, be he of wat opinioa he wil, seldom refuses to comply with the positive beheste of the police. “Light up, unfurl your banners, irilie and be merry; ene commanded to fo £0;” says & fuaction- ary Ip cocked hat and rapier dangling by nis side—am woe be to bim who Dagiects to doo.” 3 It was in the centre of the Boslevard from wiizh the beantiful Rue de ls Paix branches off, that a more pecu- liar epscies of decoration began to Gisplay itself and con- Unue Lill 1t reached the Place Vendome, which was to be ‘the terminus of the great moving diorama, Toere was erected a statue of Peace in a sitting posture. Tne statue, @ bundred teet nigh, heid in ove hand asword with the polatturned downwards; in the ower a treaty of peace, At ber sides were two eagles, and at ber feet was a lion couchant. the symbol of force in repos. Tne p2destal of this statue was twenty feet bigh, on which was inscribed im letters of goid “Viilafranca;” and the mouldings which decorated it represented ‘Austrian flage, cannon, Lee Allwas in plasver, but colored to represent le. In the Rue de Ja Paix itvelf the spectacle was very mag- Rificent. Down both sides of the street were erested Venetian masts, with streamers floating above and ea- Cutcheons places miaway, while at the top were faiscesux of tri-colored fisgs. Tne houses to the very summit pre- sented one mass of hangings, flags, towers aad ever- greens. Featoons of various coiors ran from window to window. The guard house on the left hand sid generally occupied by pompiers, was transform: into ® bandgome tribune, covered with crimson velvet, and during the procession all the windows Were occupied by elegantly dressed ladies. veyond began the exquisite ornamentation, to which I alluded in my last, of the :Piace Vendéme, which cunstituted the final ecene of this grand spectacle. This celebrated square, with its famous pillar—after the mancer of Trajan’s—surmounted by the status of the great Napo.eon, extends its name to two short streets some fifty sie! in length, which conduct to it trom the north by the ue de ia Paix, from the south by the the former is cut at right angles by the Rue Augustin, the iatter by the Rue St, Honore. At the en- trance and terminus of each of these short streets or vesti- bules io the Grand Place were placed eight pillars, two on each side of either end. ‘they were really modeis of Pa- risian science in the decorative art. I¢ is difticult to give the reader an adequate idea of the surpassin, beauty of these columns of mere plaster, which bad al tue finish and requisite workmansnip of a work intended for the duration of ages. They were forty fees in height, riehiy gilded in part, and partly painted to represent jasper, an Were on square pedestals. Exch was surmounted by a gilt statue of Victory, with outstretched arms, as if about to let fall alavrel crown on the army passing below. Lofty masts were raised between the Pillars, to the symmetry, eculpture and exquisite proportions of which T have ‘done such scanty justice: and trisslored streamers decked out wiih gold floated from tneir summits, From the windows of every house rich velvet hangings, with deep gold fringe, the centre of which blazed with burnished bees, were Suspended. If I add to this description the fact that all the beauty of France, in toileites such a8 Franco only can suggest, were likewise at those windows, the reader will be able to form a faint idea of the splendor of the scene. But we are now in the Place Vendome itself. Here the decorator, as if awed by the fine architectural proportions: of the Place, seemed at first to have stayed hin hand, for although an almost magical transformation had occurred, the predominant impression was simply the old }ome as of yore, though looking a little more tran- quil and orderly. The secret waa, that the liveries taken with it were all done by a reverent band, great and many as they were, The majestic beauty of the Place intrin- sically was ever uppermost in his mind. Round the , close to the houres, was erected a vast Se rising exer eae A wvement to 8 height slightly exceeding ue en! I. ware consequently the fires part of each structure to meet the eye. Festoons of evergreens ran from one win- dow to the other al! round, contraating fi second floor di below, while from # = rel were everywhere suspended. ments of the roof, and at the varied constructions at the | | i i i ip | F S382 Egeae OHI