The New York Herald Newspaper, August 1, 1859, Page 2

2 ‘orogs th t’ day or June of next year. ae dou of th #0 fatty of the structare can formed by a fow facie concerning the masoory aloac, whiok om- Draces three millions of cudio feet. If turned into it would reach 510 miles, or as a solid would form a pyramid 216 feet high, Baying © base 216 fect squaro, ‘This masonry is | embreced in the embankments and the abutments, The bridge contains 25 openings of 242 test, wnb the exception of the centre pan, which ix 330 feet; heges the Tength of the tude 18 6,600 feet, approrcued by embauk- | ments, the Montreal cod beiog 1,200 feet, the sousnern shore of 800 feet, which, inc'uding the abutments, makes & total of 9,084 fect, or ona and three-quarter miles nearly. The adulments aro a} tae bass exch 278 foot | long, divided into cvlls of 24 feet, with intervening xe | walla of five feet; but at the top they correspond exsotly ‘with the leagth of a tube 242 feet ia lengva, and are — | ried up to the sume height, the cel's veieg filled wit vel, To resis: the pressure of the ice in winter a 6 sbutments and piers are furalahed ghee oo 0 000 tous of iron, Soon, Soria: ‘ The cost of this great etructure will be ition of dollars. ‘There are pres pumoer of travellers here from the tater, come boucd to Saratoga, but moat of them to Quebec and thence to the White Mountains. Too weather here for several days bas oe ae cool, #0 much #0 ‘are quite comforteb'e. pg een A the steamer Whelden have arrived, ‘and report that just after the boat passed the two rooks in the Lachine rapids, described above, one of the wheel ropes parted, and but for the instemt manniog of tne tiller the boat would bave whirled tanto the awift eddy and been dashed to pieces on the rocks. It is generally conceded that it would be utterly impossible for a person to awim {a the rapids, especially at this point; there are so many whirlpools, and there is such @ suction and con- staut boiling of the watera. Among the passengers by this boat is Owen Jones, M. C., of Pennaytvania, MONTREAL. Moyrnat, July 25, 1859. The Parcdi Opera Company—A British Clipper—The Vie- foria Bridge—A Deachment of British Troops, dc. The Parodi opera company did a good business here re- cently, for asnort season They are now in Quebec, where they wili perform until the middie of this week. They bave been very succestful there. ‘The clipper schooner Union bas ber clearance papers to fail from Hemilion, Canada West, to-day, with 120,000 staves, all West India, except about 5,000 standards. It is sai¢ she was built to “rbow her heels to any crack Yankee schooner.” She is 241 tops, British measurement. Her Captain declares that be will reach Liverpool in thirteen days from Quebec, if favored with favorable woather, Sho is cone’ hed wile ac board, W will enable her (g eai! closer to the wind thea any vessel which navi- gates Furopean & T visited the Victoria Bridge again, and paseed through all the tubes that are up co tb of the river, Woe I was pear the crave of tbe river, in the middie of one of the tuber, « locomotive with several cara loaded with iron patsed me. The weight aod movement of the locomotive and cars produced very liule action of the bridge—not More than 18 vsuaily noticed upon any bridge whea a train of cars \s passing except the suepension nridge at Niagara, which I bave bad occasion to allude to in a tormer letter. In my jast I did not epeak in detail of the present condi- tion of the work, Tne abutments and piers ere all com: plete, with the exception of uumbers fourteen and fifwen, which are buiiteix eet above water level, and number eleven pier, which haa been parposely left untouched in order to leave one cbaunel open for rafts. I: appears that the water way has been narrowed between the prers al- ready cocsirucied by the coffer dam. Numbers fourteen and fifteen will be finished in twenty or thirty days after the working season commences, and number eleven will be sompictea by the midole of September. Srxveen of the twenty five tubes are fixed in position and finished, and the painters are putting the ornamental and preservative touches upon them, Some ca'cuiate that toe bridge will be ready (or use by the first of October; Dut I am inform. ed by good authority, as | stated in my last, that this much desired event cannot be reached esrlier than the first of November. Some of the provincia! press intimate that at about the same time the bridge is completed the Lewa- than steamer will make her sppearance in the harbor of Portiand, Svould this prove true, Great Britain will have ocasion to celebrate two great achievements at about the same time. There are about eight hundred troops quartered here at the present time, beiongipg wo tne Thirty sixth regiment Of the royal arutlers Many of them were in the Crimean and Indian wars. Oo our trip down the 3: Lawrence on the Kingeton steamer, wa broognt a detatchment of the Bame regimen; ordered to Quenec. I Jearn that it tg ex- Pected that some of the troops now in Canada wili be or. dered to England, in view of the fears of the hom vernment thit Louis Napvlzon con‘emplates an inv: Of Great Britain. I observe that the Parliamentary Dates on that subject are -Jargely copied taro the prov! Cial papers. I witnessed the marcbiog and drilling of some of her Majesty’s royal troops here, and I must Confers that some of the men would do weil to take les- gona of the poorest cecet at West Point—they could learn something. I visited the latier place recently, in compa- by with a akilful military frieud, who was very favora- Diy impressed with the soldierly appearance, the strict discip!ine, end the precision in drilliog of the cadets. I saw nothing in the movements of the veteran troops here that marked them as being superior in tactics, ST. CATHARINES SPRINGS, C. W. St. Carnanives, July 25, 1859, Growing Popularity of the St. Catharines Springs—Great Influz of Vusiterim-Medical Properties of the Watert— ‘Ineir General Certainty of Results—Local Improvements Since Last Year—Absence of Fa:hvonable Dissipation— Beauty of the Surrounding Scenery—Prozimity to Nia- gara and Lake Ontario, dc., dc. This is the most crowded season that has been known at tbese Springs. From being a place frequented merely ‘by Canadian invalide, St. Catharine has sprung within the last three or four years into a continental celebrity. From New York, Boston, New Orleans, St. Louis and Ciacipnati, patients are being sent here in such numbers that the hotels are becoming insufficient to accommodate them. ‘They are generally speaking persons for whom medical ecience can provide no relief, and considering the appa- rently bopeiess condition in which they arrive here, it is astonishing to find such a large proportion of cures effected by the agency of these waters alone. You see people disembark on crutches, in three wecks Or a month you will, in te majority of cas ry find them able to move about with the aid of a stick, or perhsps without any aesisiance at * Cpronic rheumatism, neu and gou; are raigia invariably benefited and frequently cured by a diligent use of the bath and close attention to the directions of the Feswes physician. There isa gentlemen here whom bad been in thehabit of meeting at Sharoa, aud who had derived no relief from the su:pnur waters, who in the course of two seasons bas been making rapid progress ‘& complete riddance of gout. The chalk stone de. Powits, which had given to bis hands ths appearance of cactus shoots, are dweolving sensibly to the eye under the influence of these springs, and he now uses them with a degree of ease which he haz not enjoyed for years. The doctor saysthat another sesson will free him entirely from his anciert enemy, and that if he then lives regular- ly be need fear no return of it. Ia liver complsiats and cases of paralysis arisieg from torgidity of that orgac, thege springs are jafallibly beneficial, In that numerous class Of direates which are described under the generic term of nervous, and which medical men fiad euch diffl- culty in dealing with, the St. Cathariaes water is the most certain remedial agent known. Most of these diseases owe their origin to the formation of oxalate of lime in the process of digestion. This substance, taken into the circulatioa, forms minwe sharp crystal like crystals, which are car- ried into every organ of the body. Compounds of caiorine, such a8 are found etrongly developed in there Springe, ta yielding that eiement wo unite with one portion of the bycrogen of the oxalic acid, prevents ite formation, and Invariably effects a cure of the oieaco. : ve myre such experience of the these waters that I am epubled to speak with pete = a their benefits in nervous affections. Tcamehere last wea, fon completely prostra'ed and suffering from acute neu. ralgic pains in the head aud back. I went away, afler a three weeks course of these "8, almost entirely cured; and the following winter, for the first time ia five years, ¢ escaped being confined a etngle day to the house, “Most of the iuva'ics whom I met here doriog that visit have more or lets been s:miiariy benefitted: and, like myself, they come bere again io fortify themsely:s against the rigor of the cola season. be received with skepticiam Rhee Statements may e Gumerous class of patients who have been habit of frequenting otner watering places, in tha vase Of obtaining relief from mineral combinations woich Wore unsuited to their cases, I think ft necoswary fur their benefit apd for the information of such medical men as believe more in naturai than in the materia medica, to eubjoin the analssa made of 1) Heny Groth, of Tecan of these waters by Professor In Pint, 7.680 gr. 16.8388 115.0818, 6.0944 0.0822 Balpbate of lime. ‘Chioride of calcium 2.7208 228 8901 385,0055 Chloride of ammonium Bilicic acid 5. It willbe seen from the above that +t. Catharine springs ‘contain large of the iodides, bromiics and chlorides w! are now acknowledged by tre facalty to be the only reliable remedies in the diseases to which [ bave referred. In addition to these malaties it witl be Proper to mention that all venial and cutaneous affections Uterine diseases and tamore will be greatiy bevedited, if Dot entirely cured, by # judicious use of these waters. Since I was bere last year considerable additions and improvements have been made in the grounds oa which the ‘and the principal hotel, the sephenson Hose, are |. A billiard room, containing two tables, and ‘gn excelient bowling alley, have been bullt close to the ‘Daths, and several neat cottages have been fitted up for the accommodation of the surpius guests who have beea ‘anabie te find room in the hotel. Thisiall the proprietor adding a wing to the present capacious which will give him « huadred more b -drooms, which the inet growing celebrity of these wa. im. ie i NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY AUGUST 1, 1859. hepe to derive any inthe world mere fatgueing and enervatiog then the dally use of mizeral baths; and when it is sourh: to Jate hours and incessant denciag in conjunction with them, the human cosstitution is eubjected to an ordeal which the strength of but fow is eqaal to, Tt ie @ subject of remedial agents which Nature thus bountifally furnish: os | to us with @ philosophical eye, that hotel keepers | | do vot conduct their establish: ments in cenformity with the conditions which they demand. It is in vain for pbysicians to presoribe a job jmen when so many temptations aro beld out to an a ly of their in- structions. The severity which rails (a hydropathic establishments in matters of diet is ail that is necessary bere to insure a complete cure in oases. And yet how often have I seem the objexts of a long journey to | this place defeated by the indiscretion of patients who were unable to resist the variety of viands piaced before them. It seems to me that if I were the proprietor of these eprings I would exercise a salutary despotism in there matters, and exclude from my table everything but the plainest and wholesomest food. A Spartan simplicity, ou m8; ‘upon it, is the best auxiliary that oan be Kenna te nloeral weterk We are at a distance of only eleven miles from Niagara, and about thirty atx trom Toronto, 60 that we can divor- sity our pleasures by an occusional trip to both, A amell steamer conveys passengers daily from Port Dalhousie to the latter city, thus giving them ae copoly of traversing @ portion of one of our great lakes. LAKE MEMPHREMAGOG. Ow1's Hap Mountary, } Lane Mamranuaacoa, July 22, 1859. 4 New Watering Place—Fine Mountain and Lake ‘Scenery—Matiers and Things at the Owl's Head Mountain Houso— Fashionable Gaysties—Arrival of New Yorkers — Deligntful Coot Weather—How to Get Here, dc , dc. Lake Memphremagog is situated partially in the north. ern part of the State of Vermont and partially in Lower Canada, and its waters discharge in a northerly direction into the River St. Lawrence; it is fifty miles in length and from five to six miles in width. The waters of the lake are remarkably pellucid, and the basin in which it rests ls covered with a white and yellow sand, so that the bottom is visible at a depth of several fathoms. The surface of the lake is everywhere dotted with the most romantic Jooking islands, and its shores are encompassed by pic- tureeque mountains clothed with rich forests. The beau. tiful wiid and romantic lake avd mouutain scenery at tais point is unsurparsed by any otber Jooality on the Amori- can continent; and, as anew watering place, Lake Mom pbremagog bids tair to rival Newport, Nahant, the White ountains or Saratoga Springs. Tbe view from the eummils of the Owl’s Head moun- tein js most beavtiful, takipg ia an immense range of country; of mountains, Iaod and lakes, with the naked eye, the city of Montreal, the entire ranges of the White and Green mountains, Likes Willoughby, Coam. plain and Magsawaffeo, and the rivers St. Lawrence and ‘st. Francis, &c., &., may be distinctiy seen. Tne Owi's Head Mountain Houre is situated in & delightful bay,called ‘Sberman’s Bay, at tho baee of the Owl's Head mountain; Mr. A ©. Jennings is the proprietor; the house ie tho- rougbly first class in all respects, aud ‘it has within the Int two yeara become one of our most fashionable re- sorts for the summer seston. Dancing, flirting, sailing, batbing, eerenading, &c., &c., are the order of both day and Dight, abd a more gay and lively company of fanhiouables cannot be found at any of the watering places than is now assembled at Lake Mempbret z- Last arog as the steamer Mountain Maid, George W. Fogg commander, touched the wharf, sbe discharged a gay and merry load © of pleasure seekers; about sixty of the number was fron New York city, and a better or more lively set of people than these same New Yorkers does not exist on the face of the ipbabited a Among the names I notice Gideon Siu and fal , Chas. Seymour, Peter S. Ganvevoor:, Feq.; Lorimer Smith, Chedsey Johuson, W1 H. Dewitt, Esq., and family; Obas. Harris, James r,T. H. Cooper, James Boman, Esq , and fami Griswold, Baq , and family; J. 8. Stevens, Esq ,and others. By the ae the above soeabee we finda very great acquisiti our gay party, and you may receive some interesting accounts of the sayings wand doings of the fasbionables at Lake Memphremagog by- end-by. The weather during all the heated term in New York, Boston, Montreal, &o. , &c., hag been delightful here. Some pertion of the time we have been sitting by a blazing fire nights and mornings. If you would get here quickly and pleasently, go on board New Haven cars at eight o’clock in the morning, and speed ewiftly under the escort of John Bradly, conductor of the train, to New Haven, change cars, and take thos of the New Haven and Nortbampton; proceed to Northampton, where you arrive in time to dine; visit Mount Holyoke, take the cars of the Connecticut River Railroad next morning at 8 A. M., and arrive here in time for supper. SARATOGA, Sarat0Ga SrRinGs, July 28, 1859, Olla Podrida of VisitertUnusual Number of Fine Horses—Description of the Principal Teams—Commodore Vanderbilt on the Road—A Race, dic. ‘This world-renowned watering place was never more gay than now. There is bardly a State in the Union or a country in the world that bas not a representative here. Beauty and ugliness, fashion and plainness, youth and age, good and not so good, mingle in the great throng, sit at the same table, dance in the same set, drink at the same pring, and practice at the same bar. There, were never £0 mapy people at Saratoga in one season before as have ‘Deen bere this seagzon, during the same time. The principal hotels are thronged, and lodgings are se- cured for guests outside. The cool weather has driven hundreds here who were intending to tarry at the Falls, go down the St. Lawrence, remain at Lake , OF 40 over the mountains. While your up denizens of the city have been suffering from the }, Sojourners here bave been keeping gloriously cool. Beautiful women are usually the popular theme for letter writers from this place; but, in view of the number here, beauty is scarce, There are, perhaps, haif a dozen who would pass for beauties. In her own estimation doabtless each one is a belle. It is but just to say, how- ever, that perhape a similar number, coming as these do from every part of the country and almost every part of the world, could not be found to contain go large a num- ber of fine looking women. : L think the most attractive feature of the live collection ‘at Saratoga this season is the horse. There were never 80 many private establiahments here before in one season. Some of the horses are really worth coming bundreds of ly les. From about four o'clock, through the mellow twilight and into the dusky eve, there arrive and depart a pageant of elegant teams with their gilded trappings and liveried outriders. Nothing can surpass the guy scene. I have witnessed a single line of barouches, reaching, nearly a mile in length, filled with the fasbion of the principal cites in the Union, averaging about three indies to one gentleman. The variegated colors of their rich dreeses, biend- ing the charms of the raipbow, the silver mountings of the harnesses and carriages flashing in the sunlignt, the proud action of the spiendid steeds, the bright eyes, bappy faces, the merry laugh and shout, and absence all rowdyism and indecorum, contributed to make it an exciting and very beautiful scene. Ameng the New Yorkers who have the finest private establishments here are the foliowing:—Mr. S. H, Alden, the banker, of Albany, a double team of grays and a sia- gle bay team; Mrs. Holbrook, of New York, double team ot bays; Mr Biackman, New York city, double team of bays and double team ‘of grays; Mr. Kirkpatrick, New York, double team of bays; Mr, unter, New York, dou- ble team of black apd gray; Mr. Brookman, Albany, dou- ble team of bays; Mr. MC. Stanley, New York city, doubie team of bays; Mr. Cutler, Albany, double team of grays; Mr. F. Seif, Troy, with ¢: horse A Mr. Bell, Troy, double team of brown; Mr. C. A Carroil, Aibapy, double team bay and gray; Mr. J. N. Phelps, New York, double team of black: F. B, Cutting, New York, double team of bays; Mr. Updike, New York, dou- ble team of brown; Commodore Vanderbilt, New York city, doubie team of baye; Mr. Gimbrede, New York, double team of brown; Mr. Greer, New York, doublé team of ba: bays. Of the above, those belonging to Mr. Cecidedly dear off the palm. [ never saw finer propor- ttoped or more beautiful animals. Thi tract a deal of attention. The span are dapple grays, with beautiful tmaves and splendid white flowing talls, reaching nearly to the ground. ‘They are eeventeen hands high, aro sound and without @ biemish. This is the team which Mr, Schooleraft, the President of tne Commercial Bank, in Al- bepy, attempted to riva), at an expense of three thoagand dollars, He purchosed a pair of stylish looking bays, at the above named coet, but one of theta proved to be epa- vined. Commodore Vanderbilt \s frequently seen dashing out with bis gray mares, in single wagon, their pretty white feet pawing the ground as fast as they can make them go, but not quite up to the time of Mr. Stanley's spicndid mabogeny bays. The latter move along with a8 little effort as possible, and are not beaten by any pair of horses here, with the exception of Mr. Alden’s. They msy find their equala in the brown span belongiag to Mr. Gimbrede, then which there are few more stylish estab- lighments. It is unfortunate that the Commodore should Grive goytbing on Jand short of the fastest, as he sails potbing on the sea that is not equal, if not superior, to any’ other craft, Amongst the distinguished visiters at this fashionable retort at the present time, are Mosers. Gurley, of Ohio; i ; 0° Maine, McKeon and Briggs, of New York, mem- bers of Congrese, and Mr. Owen Jones, of Pennsyivania, ana Mr. Groesbeck, of Oxio, members of the last Con- grees. Two of the gentlemen montioned above were combatants in the last election in Ubio—Messrs. Garley republican) and Mr. Groesbeck (democrat), but the former was successfu!. Mr. Foster, from the Sixth dis- trict in Maine, ia stricken with the ,prralysis, and is here accompanied’ by a consulting physicisn, seeking relief from the use of the water of tue springs, Judge Hoar, of the Supreme bench of Massachusetts, is a'so tarrying here a few days, L observe that the Tribune states that the marriage of a certain young lady of New York to a Spanign gentleman ‘has been delayed in consequence of the recent sovera ilt- ners of the bridegroom.” He may be severciy ill, but ag he jes the za of his hotel with his intended upon bis arm, he don’t appear so severely ill as ne ate be. I Jearn that the wedding wiil come off about the frat week in September. I am informed, algo, that ‘he stories about qth pd purchases of jeweis by the bride- groom for his bi ‘are not correct. He only paid Tiffany about thirteen thousand dollars for jewois of diferent There was a race this afternoon at the course, between three pags, for a purse of fifty dollars. It was won by “Tip Woodward,’ a bay mare belonging to 8. B, Wood- ‘The race was not very exciting, asa po werfal rain ward. camejon and fe ®& good many away ing hurry before it wae balf through. Sanatoca Seainca, Juty 29, 1969, Cold Weather—Gentlemanly Exhthition of Heelt—Distin- guithed Visitors—Archbishop Hughes and Rew. Dr. Haviland—A Song from Gazzaniga, dc. 1 wish you would ask, through your columns “ The wes- ; Mr. Wilson, New York, doubie team of iden, of Albany, to all persons who regard the | | ther manof Brovklyn Heights,’ why we bavé had such a cold spell of woather for the last two weeks ta th's retort Of fashion, geyety and pleasure, Top coats are aadly wanted, the thought of which, amid the beat and dunt of the “ Empire City” before leaving home, would have beca deemed foolish. Orinoline bas an awtully chilly look; if the weather don’t change soon I fear that here, at least, it mupt@oon go by the board, to the utter dismay of the fair, and joy of all the old fogies in the State, Those whose faces were litup with smiles in other years, ay- sume a pale and ghastly look; not that age has impaired their beauty, but an early walk in the chill atmosphere cannot be enjoyed without losing the roseate hue which used to entrance the crowds which were wout to sasemblo ‘at Saratoga. ‘The botela are well filled, nevertheless, with those who hope 706 be calor coe Plosaures of society at the Springs; ee much longer, I fear soon Ww a00 & (ul bome Passing seme St tie bool ler ib dinner our, often during the course of the day. I bope thny will eee the im} of ih, and ro it Gocrecied ia future. Fro arn ee ee ae vas eee, Semel from map; distinguished ities. Arobvishop Hughes Fece for more than two weeks, but eeldom ap- bas been erhaps more b know 8 Joaulk. I would not have knowa him, but yesterday, at the 8 ichanced to hear bia explaia a difficulty in proposed to him by a profes- for, who seemed to me to be of a different creed, and who seemed astonisbea at the erudition displayed ia auch a singular manner, and on such @ subject, by a son of Loy- ola, 1 was informed, after some inquiry, by a friend who heard the late Dr. Lardoer say that ne was sae of tne best math: maticians in the United States, that his name is Rev. Dr. Haviland, of Penneyivania. He is as ely, shro#d, cunning and independent looking a Popish priest as I have seen anywhere. We have also bad considerable musical talent for the season. Gezzaniga sang On two or three occasious, and elicited each time marked applauses, CAPE MAY. Carm Mir, July 27, 1859, How Some People Seek Enjoyment—How They Don't Get It— Flintation, Fishing, Freedom and Fair Ladvs at the Cape—How To Go There—Primitive Inhabitants—Femaie Rivalry in Loveliness, dc. , de. Frequentiy as others cheat us, we cheat ourselves still oftener. Many who, during the oppressive heat of the summer, quit the city for the sake of health, cool diversion and freedom from restraint, go to eprings and watering places where the formal monotony of a church is unas countably combined with dissipations as enervatiog and exhaustive as the fastest city life. There is nothing like a thorovgh change, providing it be for the better, to reno vate the constitution and replenish us with a stock of health. Having tried almost every one of the fashions. ble summer resorts, in turn, Ihave at last settled down upon Cape May as the one affording the greatest number of desiderata to such as wish to leave the city entirely be hind them and seek a revivifying atmosphere, health and country amuserment. With a gea beach unequalled in its level beauty for miles, safe and convenient tor the batber, with the luxu riant verdure of the surrounding scenery reachiog down tolte very edge, the graud old ocean before you, delightful drives in every other direction, excellent stoo tog and fishing, select and genial company, beautiful women, mu- sic, dancing, flirtation, bilhard playing, tea-pia rolling, (james in which the fair treely induige,) with a total ab- Bence of flies, mosquitoes, and a other ances unavoidable elsewhere, Cape May i at once a para- dite and an asylum. Too distant for the rushing crowd, yet within one night’s pleasant sati, undisturbed by the smoke and clamor of the railway, sequestered and tran. quil, I find no place comparable to this for repose, relaxa. tion and tts Kreadian character. This the aristocratic Southerner and comfort-loving Philedelphian found out Jong ago, and Cape May is the'r favorite re- sort at this season; but there+is no reason why fd should monopolize it, for being so easily and agreeably accessible by means of Sandford’s line of steamers, our citizens who desire «a few weeks’ wholeeome rural! enjoyment can here realize their wisnes with the utmost facilicy and at very moderate expense. Leaving New York st five o'clock P. M , at the foot of Ce- dar street, the tourist is taken down our magnificent bay, ‘snd out of a harbor inferior to none in peaceful animation and pictureequeness, and then, while steaming into the Atlantic ocean, is feasted with the sublime and beautiful gathered from the illimitable expanse and the extended views of the Highlands, Long Braoch ana other points of cea] till he retires to his snug and elegant stateroom to sleep. * Board may be had at Cape May from 50 cents to $2 50a day, and the visiter may eelect a hotel according to his purse and liking. Good board may be had at the loweat pee es Pretty cottages that compose the village of pe Island. The natives here are very primitive and well worth study. They have been greatly exercised lately about psying tolls on a turnpike constructed by a private com- pany, who, having a charter, hoped to coliect a} least the expenses of keoping it in repair; but tolls are pro- nounced by the New Jersey sages to be unconstitutional, British, and abolished by the Declaration of Independence, ond copsequently “ Miller’ snd bis men will have another “revolution rather thas pay them. It was found to be im. possible to make it cl to some from the interior that the yacht Celia, whioh visited the Cape last week, bringing neither fish, notions, nor yendable cargo, could be any thing but a suspicious vessel, probably a pirate. The great attraction of the 1g, however, the beau- tiful women who have made it their resort this summer. They seem to have discovered that its air, bathing, and other advantages, are the best coemetics in the world. To judge from their bloom! and healthful looks, bathing in the zea, from which the of Beauty is eaid to have originally sprung, enbances their charms as mach as ber all-famous cestus could have done. The ladies from Balti- more, Poe humble opinion, carry off the palm for love- Ines, albeit the sprig! belles from Philadelpaia recder it @ question of doubt. bachelors from Gotham who came bere to recruit their health are already losing their hearts, and we advise the fair of their metropolis to come to their rescue and vindicate their claims ere it is tv0 late, ‘The chivalry of the South will accord them a cordial wel- come, and yield them fresh triumphs. Like Cesar, therefore, let them come, see and conquer. Garg Isuanp, Cape May, July 28, 1659. The Early Watering Place—Climate of the CapeA Covl Spot—Military Waitert—A Cheap Ootlage—People Buried Alive—ZInvalids— Post Office Irreguiarities—“ Cuban” an Acolyte, ée., €c, From the custom which has long been prevalent, among Baltimoreans and others further south and west, as wellas some Philadelphians, of coming here early in the season, say the first week in July, on their way to Saratoga and afterwards Newport, and consequently leaving about the Ist of August, Jape May has got to be etyled an early watering place, and hence has more recently had bu! a “short season.” This custom and its consequence should rot, bowever, be attributed either to its location or the climate, for, about in the tame la titude as Washington, and at the same time lite rally on the very seaboard, it possesses all the genial atmosphere of old Point Comfort, with all the bu- midity and gratefu) coolness of Newport. Indeed, the first time it was the writer’s good fortune wo visit Cape May, the third week of Angust had already el! ge & Visit with a Committee to invite Henry Clay to New York, some ten yeare since), when the atmosphere seemed to proceed from @biendea August and October—calm, clear and warm enough for the bath at noon, and cool, hazy and bracing | durmg the early morning and evening hours; while tas nigtt—weil sir, fancy, while tossing about in sleepless agony on a July city bed, the cool northwester of Octooer epringing up, firet slamming your shutter to and then grate fully whtepering refreshing repose to the weary body ana hot eye—nnd you may conceive @ mental picture of a Cape May nignt at that season. To the above facte I can add the testimony of some eight cr ten seszons since epent here, varying from a week to a month in duration, and at the beginning, in the middie and toward the end of the eeason. The more noticeabie;features of the climate are, cool land, aswell as tea breezes, from the geographical conforma | ten of the mainland, which is an acute angie,jutting out be tween the ocean on the southeastern and the Delaware bay on the southwestern side, 20 that the base of the wedge like strip of land faces the northwest; and hence that most healthful ag well as agreeable wind comes here ag dry us asin the mountains, acd yet laden with al the eait that the sea breeze had swept inland bat, perbaps, the day before, crystalized in the atmosphere, as it were, for im- mediate use, Rarely do thore long, dreary northeasters visit Capo May which go frequently deluge Nabant and New; ) rea: dering one a fit subject for ‘accidental drowning”’ on pur- pose, on land ag well asin the surf; and even wheo i feems to threaten a three days’ storm she successful con test of those congenial allies, the soutbera sun and west wind, drive the Austrian northeaster back into his farcous quadrilatera!—Boston, Nahant, Providence and Newport—eo that hoetilities are soon brought to a close in an armistice and a temporary peace, not unlike the real ‘War just closed, Neariy every American watering place and table d’hote bez some fitty or a Lupared strapping Africans (estimated by one uncouscious!y at just so many thousand doliare), crillea into Imperfect mititary discipline, humming around cne’s head this werm weather, bringing back wita mach force by comparison the admirably conducted tables d’hote of the Swins hotels, where one hundred covers are fre quently laid, and the same number of Pome serves, withovt any hurry, and yet without any delay, by some tour or five waiters, simply by haviog the meats and vegetables zerved in courses by two servants together, who pass slong one whoie ride of a table of fitty, aud re- peat the names of the dishes they carry as they pase—the Diil of fare being before you to indicate what is to succeed them—your choice is casily made, Try it, some one of our ‘‘monster botel”’ keepers, with one busdred fat and valuable negroes, wortu one handred thousand dollars at feast, wasticg the interest on so much capital, while dis gusting your guests who have delicate stomachs and re- fort to your hotels for the cure of dyspepsia | To revert to the climate. The Toepaeanere here thie season, while there has copfeesedly been a number of hot days in the cities during the inst two weeks, bas scarcely been high exovgh to render bathing an essential part ot “the orcer of the day,” and make it at the game time Concvcive both to exjoyment and health; still, now that | it is “the beight of the season,’ thousands every day Plunge into the surf—the old baiher outside of the inner, and ibaide of the outside breage:; the unknowing one Beasoner juit in the inner breaker, and tne auvive tkiog a horizontal sand bath—whero they severally remain from teu mioctes to an hour, A 6a'e of real estate took plsce here the other day, when a furnished costage, costing altogether some $5,600, for $3,000, which was a price; while a lot of few sat te oman wae sous cruel outsider ‘would be all “washed away in ten years’’—50 by 100 a Nterally toterred alive eeverat persons were , with the of their heads, in the sand on the beech, from the ed just receded—one, an interesting little boy, for the cure of native paralysis, be never baviog had use of his limbs, and another, & at’ his Hibernian 2 § | ‘The negro tn the act of *cobbing”’ one act consists in a sort ke , until the tyro is captured, when one or two ot nb whi'e another applies bold him tn a sor} of horizontal position, tho flat side of to the portion of his person most exposed, scolyte, : BEDFORD SPRINGS. Ruororn, Pa., July 29, 1869. The Season Here—Parties from New York, Baltimwe and New Orleam—Increased Facilities of Travel, dc, ‘This weil known and fasbionable place of resort is crowded to overflowing. Every available spot is oocu- pied, both at the Springs and in the neighboring town— the eeascn being the largest and most successful ever kvown. The property is owned bya company of gentle- men who mavage it with liberality, and bave added to its previous reputation as one of the most charming retreats Few situations are as beautiful, while to led the tasteful art, Tbe company consist largely of Phila- Ceiphiens end Baltimoreans, while New Orleans, New York, aud all the leading cities have representatives ia the throng. Great gayety prevails, and the most cheer- fai epirtt of enjoyment pervades the visiters. The water ig actively meaic'pal, the baths delicious, and the climate bracing A railroad will beta operation next summer to Bloody Run (eight wiles from Bedford), aad within two years it 18 expected that it will be extended to the Springs, The road in question connects at Huntivgion with the Pepnsyivania Central, and by this work makes & copnection with all the leading lines. ORIENT. Onrenr, L, 1, Jly 24, 1869, Description of Orient—A Model Village—A S:cond Isaac Walton—Ancther Remarkable Man—The First Settlers on Long Island—An Ancient Cemeery—A Crazy Man's Do- micile, dc. It isa Jamentable faet that at least two thirds of those who leave the city tospend the summer at the springs and other places fail to obtain what they profess to be in search of—physical vigor and mental repose—for the want of information respecting places which would afford them what they desire. Knowing that the columns of the Hz. RALD are always open to information tending to improve the physical, mental and moral well being of the citizens of New York, I am induced to send you this. You will remember that the venerable Dr. Francis, when called upon by a committee of the State Senate to give his opinion as to the mortality of New York, stated that one of the most prolific causes of the great mortality in the city was the restlessness and mental activity of the peo- ple, So that those who are engaged in sedentary pursuits, and whose mental powers have become exhausted by too close application to business, should, in their sum va. cation, seek rest, avoiding all mental excitement; they should do nothing but ids plecers But it must be itted that the large majority of the frequenters of our summer resorts indulge in excitement to as ®@ degree as if they were in the city; and, #0 far as recruiting is con- cerned, they might as well have remained at home, ‘These thovgbts have been suggested by accepting an in- vitation to spend a few days at Orient, a jsula on the Long Island Sound, about thirteen miles from Sag Harbor and ninety from New York, For one desirous of obtain- ing rest, and enjoying fine saling and fishiog, this pluce is hot surpassed by any that I bavo evar visited; Dut judging from appearances, Iam convinced that New Yorkers are but little acquainted with this portion of UncleSam’s domain. It is, as bas been remarked, narrow neck of land, surrounded by numerous islands, amon; which is Gardiner’s Island, the birthplace of the wife ox President Tyler, with the Connecticut river on the east and the Sound on the west, and presents, from one of the bilie,a commanding view of the whole of Long Island Sound. The village contains about eight hnndred inbabit- ants, many of whom have beautiful residences; is free from rowdies age idiers, and, I must admis, is most respectable ard orderly village of which I have any knowledge. The residents take great pleasure in boasting that no rum can be obtained here; and it is a fact that the temperance proclivities of the villagers are so strong that ‘nO spirituous liquors have been sold, not even that mid end refreshing Teutonic beverage, the foaming lager, for ‘tbe last seventeen years. ‘There are twochurches here—the Methodist and Congre- gational denominations being pe aoe a the former of which the Rev. Mr. King, Brookiya, preached an able discourse on Sabbath afternoon toa large congrega- tion, The reverend gentleman and his family spend afew weeks here every year, as doa few professional gi men from New York, who prefer to be away from excite: ment and fashign. fhe principal feature of attraction is the fishing, which ig excellent, and [ know of no plea- tanter way of spending a few hours than to take a trip with Captain Vall, who is one of the ‘institutions’ of the village. He has paraued his business from boyhood till ‘tho present time without intermission, although he is now three score years, and bids fair to see the other side of a century. is even superior to Meriam in judging of the r, for he can foretell with umerring accuracy whether the coming day wit! be favorable for a voyag) on the Sound, and basa wonderful knack of attracting fish to bis bait. He succeeds in catching more fish than his boatful of companions put together, and is as much at home when barpooning a shark as when he is hau’ing in a blue fizh, Auother still more remarkable man resides in Orient, froar whom I bave just received a salute while I write. ‘His Dame is Augustus Griffla, and notwithstanding he isin bis 94th year, to the casual observer he would not appear to be over sixty. He is the finest specimen of a healthy old man that I have ever witnersed, posseeses more than common intellectual power, and retains his vigor of body and mind, He was born the egathyg that Jackson wag bor, bas lived in Orient for the last fifty yesra, was in the abit of boarding the British ships when they jay in the harbor, and visited New York when Division street was ia the country. He was ia New Yorkin 1788, when Wash- ington was President. Mr. Griffin wrote an Interesting vorume, containing an account of the firat settlers of Long Ieland. Be states that the island was originally settled by vhirteen men with their families, who left old Kogland about the year 1638 for the newly discovered world knowa. 48 America, whose descendants are now inhabitants of every section of the couctry. They arrived at New Ha- ven, then i village, and after remaining two years chartered a vetsel, taking with them suificiea’ provisious to taet through the winter. After sailing about forty miles they rounded the point’ which terminates the vortheast brarch of the is'and, after which they provceed- ed toa bay eix miles further, now krown as Southend, They then returned thanks to Almighty God for his pre- serving Care, and several of them entered a long boat and rowed for the shore The natives received them Kipdiy, and it is said that Peter Hallock was the fiat man wo aodretsed them, for since then—216 years ago—tne island bas been called Hallock’s Island, These mea, with their families, were the firat of any civilized mation that tne made the attempt to settle on the east end of Long jand All that was mortal of the old settlers and their chil- Gren is deposited in an old burying ground on the out- ekirte of the village, and I need not assure the reader that the reflections of tne visiter when wandering among the graves of msny of our ancestors are paipfuliy inte- resting. The earliest date that I could decipher was 1669, but on reforring to Mr. Griffitus’ work, I fisd that there is one of an eartier date, which I copy verbatim:— “Here lies ye body of William Wells, of Southold, Gent , Justice of ye Peace and Sherrife of New York shire, upon Long Is'and, who departed this life Nov. 13,'1671, aged 63, ‘Yea, bere he lies Who Speaketh yet, though dead; On wings of faith, bis soul to Heaven is fled; Bie Pious deeds And charity Was soch ‘That of bis Praise no pen can Write too much, As Was his life, so Was his blest deatb— Hee died in love and Swetly dyd in heaven.” As I was wandering along the beach the other day a friend pointed ont to mea snanty, and wished me to in- spect it. He informed me that a crazy genius used j prow! aroand the viliage, and a few benevolent indi- viduals went to work and constructed s rude Dabitation for him, which be occupied for some time, He must Dave possesred a good deal of ideality, for he cut up can- vast into small pieces, painted it im various colors, and by means of some kind of wax, succeeded in getting mors apd sbeiis to aahere to Tyce | the pieces to the wall by wooden pins. The interior of his domicile, as may be well imagined, is a fantastic spectacie. For the information of those of your readers who would desire to spend a short time at Orient, I would that the best route to take from New York ia by the steam- dost | ataline, which leaves the foot of Oliver street, East river, every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday ovenings at six o’clock, arriving in Orient at daylight. LONG BRANCH. Lone Branca, N. J , July 21, 1859, Increase Comforts for Bathers—Healthy Water—Arriva, of the Eighth Company, National Guard—Festivities— Visiters—Newspaper Rivalry, dc., dc. Long Branch this seazon is unusually lively, and the deyeties exceed those of any previous year. Another large Dotel has just been completed, three stories in height and f the beat etyle of modern architecture, while most all of the old oicls bave been rejuvenated and enlarged to ac- cemmodate the orders received from Philadelphis, New York, Baltimore and other places. Improvement has also takes a step in accommodating those who are fond of surf bathing. The bay at Newport does not offer better facil!- thes for bathers than the boarders haye here. In less than bring rewrn from the Deane oe ‘rarlly, fro co nent citizens of New 'Y 1 met Joel f. Geadiey on the sanis yesterday, looking ver tbe Atlantic, probably forthe wreck of @ Kaow i ship of State,” and provabiy for aa idea for a new work on Louis Napoleon and bis Generals, Your Dr. his days at the Mansion. ber seventy were recetved by companics A and B, ba oy Col. E. 8. Green commanding. 'y ‘of « collation at the Mansion House yes- terday moon, and went gracefully through taeir evo- Jutions in front of the game, to the great delight of the ladies, who wayed their kerchiefs approbatory of their mapcuvres, and in retura received three hearty cheers and some music. In the evening they attended “ hope” at both the United States and politan. gondiskes of te guewia 1 ta nots bor, wus He, at 1» WI y woll as their oats, extended to them every civility imagt- the there is a great rivalry going on in the sale other York bere; two rival tenes racing through \be sands each at a hard gallop, from the Ocean Houso to the Branch—some six miles, Their horses come in well igh “done up,” and the fortunate winner of the race reaps the barvest. Some four hundred papers, as I learn from the boys, are sold by them daily at the prescot time, of which over two bundred and fifty are Lbs, the remain. ing one hundred and fifty being divided between tne other papers. GLEN COVE. ‘The following are some of the arrivals and sojourners at the Pavilion, Glea Cove:—Honry Van Wyck aad family, J. B. Norton, Josiah Macy, Charles Lampson and family, F, W, Taloot and family, Gen. Charles B. Spicer aud lady, Henry Hasing and family, James Brosth and family, H ‘A. Conklin, Eeq., Capt. Russell Glover and family, Mr. J, T. Smith and family, P. V Duflont and family, A. D. Ma villo, Feq.,J 1. Bruce and family, H. Blackman and fa- mily, Mr. Myers and lady, ©. D, Hurd and lady, Madam> SF Tracy and family, Capt: M. Lovell au family, Mr Mardale and family, Mr. Openboim and famiiy, 3.8. Pal- mer, Beq., Mr. A. M. Strong, James Biddle, Eeq., Charles Kendrick wad family, Mr. Rawlings and timily, F, Ed ward Raw‘ings, Erq., Edward N. seilson, Eaq. There are also the ‘yachts Julia, Com,’ Waterbury; La Favorita, the Haze and Norma. NEW ROCHELLE. ‘The following are the late arrivais at the Neptune House New Rochelle:—Mr. and Mrs. James Pott, New York; Henry P. Tricon, Ksq., Biloxi; Richard Gracie, Esq., Now York; B. Outhout, Exq., New York; 0. F. Ruete, wite, child and servant, New York; H. Ruete, Exq., New York; Fred. Goodridge, Eeq., New York; E, R. Goodridge, Esq., New York; Dapiel Messinger, Esq., New York; George 3. Gusbing, Fsq., Boston; ©. B. Archibald, New York; Dostor McVicker and family, New York; Mrs.’ Taylor and chiid, New York: Miss MoVicker, New York; George A. Free- man, New York; R. 8. Buctanan and family, New York; ar. Go'e Morris, New York, LAKE GEORGE. Laks Gzorar, July 26, 1859. The following are the Istest New York arrivals :— David Banks, Feq., and family; Francis 8. Banks, Eeq., and family; E. P. Clark, Feq., and family; W. P. Jones, Faq , and family; Dr. Wm. 8. Van Buren and family, J. . Lazarus, Esq., and family; Griffith Thomas, Esq, and family; Aug. C. Downing, Esq., and family; Chas. Thomp- n0D, ia and family; 8 te Routh, Eaq.,and family; 0.8. ers, Beq. ly: James Thompson, f ie ‘Jy: Samuel-B, Scbeiffilen, Faq., and family; Isaao'Bal!, bet ‘and family; R. L. Taylor, Esq., and ily. judge Edmonds and family are ‘also stopping in the vicinity, and giving decided manifestations of enjoyment. Brignoli has algo been rusticating in the neighboring hills. SALT SULPHUR SPRINGS, VA. Saxr Sctpave Springs, Va., July 19, 1859. Large infliz of Visitersx—Governor Wise and a Host of South Carolinians Coming, &c., dc. There are one hundred visiters here at this time, more than ever known at thie place at thie time of the year. ‘The register shows two hundred and fifty more arrivals than it did this time last year. Govornor Wise is to pay the Salt a visit come time in August. A large crowd of South Carolinians are to be here in a day or two. I! would pay you fora trip to our mountain region, where you could become acquainted with our Southern chivairy, ‘but you would find a large majority of the people strong friends of the Union, A PLEA FOR THE BATHING MACHINES. 10 THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. New Yor, July 25, 1859, Your uniform readiness to promulgate any bint or sug- gestion that may prove interesting or valuable to the pub- lic induces me to offer for your consideration an idea which has grown more important in my mind every sum- mer of the twenty odd years I have had the pleasure to reside in this country, The father of a family, I have fre- quently bad occasion to feel thankful for your urgent calls upon the proprietors of bathing houses and others to pro- vide means of safety for bathers, but Ido not recollect having secn (even in the Herap) @ proposition for the establisbment of a medium of security far more reliabie than sny other which I have yet experienced. I refer to the so-called ines”’ universally stationed on the gands and in use at all the “ wi places” in England, As the bathing community generally may not know the peculiar advantages of the machines, nor what they are like, you will, I trust, excuse my intruding on your space a brief description for the benefit of those Tater rns and other illustrated papers have not en- ightene ‘The machine is an oblong dressing room, some six feet Jong by four or five wide and six or seven bigh, with a coor at either end, anc mounted (as the body of an ordi Dary wagon is) on four whee's. @ appurtenan es to the vehicle are, internally. a bench on either side for undress i d dressing, a looking glsss, and hooks for cloves. A horse draws the machine down the beach to the surf, aud there the batber, by means of the back doorway, a flight of steps, tout, well secured cord for the timid or unskilled, des-euds into the water, entirely hidden from view by a large awning, which the driver lets down to the surface, and from under which ihe swimmer emerges at iil, and, returning to his dressing carriage, ia drawa back to the place of starting. For women and childrea the machines are attended by ‘bathing women,”’ (mira- cles of strength,) who hold their charges in perfect safety in the surf, or watch qhiie the initiated fudulgs in tho latitude of tue rope, eecure from the gaze of the ioiterers on the beach. Now, eir, that our manner of bathing (even where most caution {s used) canuot compare in safety (especially for women) with that xfforded by the bathing machines, I think 18 too obvious for dispute. I will vot claim for the horse and bathing woman the same attractions thet present themselves in the “glowing arm” of the chaperon du bain; but tbe superior safety of the former over the latter is surely obvious. For the reat, the ladies will, at all events, agree that to go down, as it were, into the very water in a peat morning dress, to disrobe, batoe and robe sgain, in all the tacred privacy of home, yet with all the delights that the pure and innocent can find in our ‘ail Out o’ doors” style, ts tnflaitely more becom. iog and comsortabie than the poor concealipeat of @ singie garment, the sandy tramp through the sun, and the very questionable delicacy of floundering abevt unter water in a beterogeneous party of both sexes, that could no more meet, similarly accoutred, ia @ lady’s boudoir than they could go to church together in the same hanilimeats I know all about ‘Uh, but it’s such fun!” but refrain from further comment, I trust that our wives and daughters may soon, through the instigation of your all powerful journal, be enabled to enjoy the safety, comfort and privacy of sea bathing that I bave indicated; and am confident that the first proprie. tor of “bathing macbines”’ in the United States will make @ foriune, and earn the approbation of all trae women ‘Williamsburg City News. Lavncu or tim Frormpa.—The ateam propeller Florida bulit for the Apa’achicolaand New Orleans Steam Naviga- tion Lng em was successfully launched on Saturday morning from the yard of her builder, Mr. £. S. Whitlock, at Greeppoint. She was towed arcund to the Delamater Works, where she will receive her machinery. She at- tracted much attention when afloat, from the beauty of ber model and fine proportions. She is expected to be ready for sea by the 16th of September. Naw Ferry Boat.—The new ferry boat Commodore Perry, built for the Long Island Ferry Company, to be run on Peck slip ferry, had a trial trip on Saturday, when ebe proved herself a very superior boat, both ior speod ‘and ease in management. The remaining three boats built for this company are rapidly approaching comple. tion, and will be placed on the ferry in a few weeks. Obituary. ‘The celebrated Potawatamte chieftain Suacnaexay died at hig residence, on his farm near Morris, ia Grundy county, Ill.,on the 19th ult., aged about 76 years. The Spe pe teadins 4 He did good service in the Black Hawk war, and Recker and influence among his we bis white friends sterling service, He ‘ings; was a nephew of Tecumseb, renowned chieftain when ho eince the year 1829 the annuity of $200, and some years since be purchased twenty acres of land, about five miles Morris, as be resided until bis death. He was a man of intelligence and and a werm of some of the earlier settlers. He was Mong Nicgers—The Tallahassee Floridian says & gentleman of that city recoived a letter from Jackson- ville, portmarked 16th inst.,on the back of which was endorsed “A cargo of 600 Africans bas been landed om the Florida coast, sear Smyrna,” The Italian Confederation and German Commerciai Union. The Italian Confederation as a © clal League Like the German Z rein—Hilatory of German Commerce and Osigin of the Custems Union-—TPhe Zoli rein the Source of Agricultural, Manu turing and Commercta: Prosperity to & many—Its Political Importance to P: The agricuitural Resources, Manufact: and Commerce of italy—fn a Comme League Sardinia weuld have the Pesition as Prussia in Northern Germ: The Utslian Comfedoration is likely to be formed Commercial ag well as a political league, for without Condition its prosperity and the developement of Sources would still be retarded. The Germanio p Confederation, established by the Allies after the throw of the first Napoleon, did not promote the m: turing and commercial interests of Germany. 2 contrary, i stood im the way of all progress, Country was far more prosperous when it was an ¢ Acommercial union was ‘Wanting, such as that forms one of the fundameatal laws of the Americ publc—the perfect freedom of commerce between weveral States. After the great sway which the towns of the B League exorcised im the Middle Ages over the i and commerce of Europe had been overturaed, G became entirely dependent on foreign supplies, Engi‘sh, Dutch, French and Italians for many years plied the German markete; but towards the latter of the eighteenth century the liberal measures by the Emperor Joseph and Frederick Il. revived national industry, and gave a uew impulse to t Under the continental system of Napoleon the oy manufactures in partioular advanced much in § and in the Prussian poressions; but they agaia| clined on the opening of the market to the who were able by their superior machinery to nish dry goods much cheaper than the German m fecturer. During the continental blockade estab ed by’Napoleon, necessity forced Great Britain to eatat manufactures of linen in Ireland, and to increass growth of flax in England, Ireland and Canada. The succeeded, and Ireland soon began to furnish those q nies in which Germany bad hithorto found iis best ket. But since the establishment of the great comm: upion—the Zollvercin or Zollverbande (the ‘tof! ciation” or “‘alliance’’)—a great impulse has been to German manufactures, The growth of the coll woollen and other manufactures in the Union, sino formation, has been exceedingly rapid. The impo; cotton wool and cotton yarn doubled in three or years, and tho exports of German manufactured ¢ were trebled, whilst the imports of foreign many tured cottons considerably declined. In Saxony tha Crease of all manufactures has been excoedingly gret The articles of export from the German com union are corn, linen, lead, woul, worsted, cotton, worsted cloth, metals, quicksilver, glags, mirrors, bo salt, china, honey, wax, sheep, sulphur, vitriol, per wine and fruit, The articles of importation are slik, ton, coffee, sugar, spices, indigo, cochineal, drugs, fruits of the South, olives, oil, wine, cheese and jewel Germany is advantageously situated for comme lying in the centre of Europe—bordering on the nd upon two seas, and in the south upon another which 0; the communication with the east—and intersected large navigable rivers—it seems by nature d for a large commercial State, There was also a tf when its fleets covered the seas of the world, and the commerce of almost the whole of Europe was ia| hands. That this ceased to be the cate, and that Gern occupied only a subordinate: pesition among the comn cial nations of Europe, was owing to its desline ® powertul aod united empire into a league petty States, without s, thorough and intimate union trade and commerce. Commerce requires the applic of united powers to one common end; but instead of watil of late years, everywhere might be seen in Germ the contest of opposing forces, each State looking to own fancied interests. There was not a river in Germ which could be navigated for a few miles without the post of numerous tolls; not a high road, good or bad, which taxes were not levied; everywhere commerce checked by custom houses, excises, and all those shacl by which blind and migcalculating policy ruins wh ig endeavoring to protect. But this is all changed now, and the rich meter which Germany offers for national industry have not neglected; on the contrary, that country may be p! next to Great Britain, france and the Netherlands in apect of national industry. How was this great brought about ? The Northern German Confeaeration, which P meditated as a counterpoise against the Southern Weatern Confederation of the Rhine—called into existe by the elder-Napoleon, and a main cause of Prussian X tility against him—was broken off before its completion! the war of Pruatia and Russia and other allied againdt the Emperor of the French; and then the Ger Confederation—s confederation of all the German 3! which was settled by the treaty of Vienna and carried by the Holy Alliance—anticipated and Prevented Northern political Confederation under the protector: Prussia. Bat Prusels did not lose sight of the idea, ‘bas since practically carried it out by the establishment a Northern and Southwestern commercial league, whf has greatly contrivuted to her political inflae and consolidated her strength in Germany. At firat league was established between Prussia and Bavaria on but afterwards, uncer the name of the Zollverein, united for the purposes of trade ten of the otherwise dependent States of Germany. It was formed in 18 avd came into practical operation in the beginning 183% Previous to that time the States of which union ig composed did not allow of the introduction mercbandise across their respective frontiers without payment of a duty; acd ia some cases, where domestic dustry was to be ‘‘protected,’’ the importation of m articles was prohibited. The object of the league was to establish perfect dom of intercourse between those countries, and thu promote their sgricultaral and commercial prosperity, weilas tocombine together a people havirg the gat Japguage and the same national feeling, but whom fi reatrictions and diversity of government had kept much apart, To this end, ali duties aad all custom hou wero entirely abolished within the Union, whilst one u form tariff of duties on foreign goods was established, the proceeds of those duties were divided among the veral States according to their respective populatio! The effect of this great and wise measure was to stiaul ina very extraordinary degree the improvement prosperity of Germany; and though some minor inter have suffered, the aivantage to the whole is incomparay greater than the injury. The Zolverein waa not intended asa league hostile’ the commerce of foreign nations; but it adopted the pi ciple of self-defence, which Prussia had long before act upon towards Eogland, in consequence of the extremd vexatious reatrictions existing in that country on two! the principal articles of Prussian growth, corn and timb “(She should not have complained,” says Kunke, in 189 “that all our markets were overflow.og with Eagiish o nufactures—that Germany received in British cotton goo alone more than the hundred millions of British subjed in the East Indiee—had not England, whilst she inundating us with her productions, insisted on closi her markets to ours. Mr. Robinson’s resolution in 1815, bad, in fact, excluded our corn from the ports Great Britain; she told us we were to buy, but not to We were not willing to adopt reprisale—we ‘vainly hop that « sense of her own interests would lead to recip City; but wo were disappointed, and wo were compellt to take care of ourselves.” ‘The following table exhibits the names of the diffe Stasee composing the league, the area of each, the num’ of ite inhabitants, and the proportionate amount wh! each is entitled to recetve out of the entire coliectio made in the custom houses of the frontier States:— No. of In Per habitants. of R 18,800,128 * 64 4,262,813 16 1,595,668 6, Moo 4 769491 3. 1,282,185 4 3601 1 008478 «8 60,000 Total .....scessereeerere0174,027 25,524,068 100 The districts comprised under the title of Thuringia the foregoing table are Saxe-Meiningea, Saxe. Alteab' Saxe-Coburg Gotha, Swarzburg, Sonderhausen (Up: Lordehip),Swarzburg Rudoletaat (Upper Lordahip), P cipality of Reuss, Weimar Bieenach, districts belo to Prussia (included in Thuringia), districts belongit the Electorate of Hesse; district of Hanssdorf, belon to Bavaria. , The Cabinet of Berlin zealously pursued this great Jeot of {ty domestic poltoy, and in 164t Bru