The New York Herald Newspaper, July 22, 1859, Page 5

justifiable irruption into Piedmont, they would be sty to hold their own and keep the frontiers of ‘the empire intact against all invaders. The revo- Yation that broke out almost simultaneously throughout Italy gave a rude shock to his equanim- ity by reviving fhe recollections of 1848, which the ce has never quite forgotten; and when ‘the battle of Magenta was followed by the capture ef Milan and the rapid advance of the French into ‘the heart of Lombardy, he imagined the time was eome for him to throw his shield over Austria and stop the progress of the common enemy. Jn this resolution he was confirmed by the idea wat a oe rotate France wrenle: be exceed- opul in Germany, and that, as was eietnind to him by certain parties, it would bis to rir feesepe = bonds Nistoomnact the ces W! ir people by engagi em vicilas unilis ina Fi and Tational pty and drowning their petty disagreements and misunderstanding in the excitement of mutual danger and mutual vic- tory. Such an impression was justified in some measure by the dislike and suspicion with which the procecedings of Louis Napoleon have always been regarded in Germany; but the manner in ‘which the order for mobilizing’ the army was _received by the public must have convinced the Prince that there was wide difference between such feelings and that of unreflecting enthusiasm. If Prussia were attacked, or even threatened, by the French autocrat, the whole country would rise like one man; but to rush into war for the sake of bolster- ing up the rotten treaties of 1815 and the detested le of Austria was a prospect that filled all classes of the population with indignation and dismay. The entire liberal press of Prussia and the North of Germany (with the exception of the National,which has become a semiofficial organ) protested against such madness, and in language so energetic that government was completely confounded at their audacity, and M. Flottwell, the Minister of the Inte- rior, could think of no better method to correct ublic opinion than to follow in the footsteps of illustrious predecessor, M. de Westphalia, and commence a furious razzio against the press—con- fiecating some journals, and “cautioning” others, among which were the ene Gazette, the prin- cipal liberal organ of the Rhenish provinces; the ‘olks Zeitung, the most kpwelac democratic print; and Verische Zeitung, the oracle of the Berlin bourgeoise. Of course, these arbitr: steps, to which we had not been accustomed under the pre- sent administration, did not produce a very tran- quae, effect upon the public mind; it was evi- lent that if Prussia was nfenaine ie ally herself with Austria, it could only be done by introducing the Austrian régime at home, and ministers began to be seriously alarmed at finding themselves in opposition to the whole liberal opinions of the eountry, which had hitherto proved their firmest support against the measures of the reactionists. The intelligence of the battle of Solferino contri- buted still further towards carn their resolution, bd showing them how formidable an antagonist y were about to encounter, and from that mo- ment their conduct has become more vacillati: ever. M. Flottwell, whose retirement had been ry ane rte finally dismissed from of- fice, and his portefeuille entrusted to Count Schwe- rin, one of the heads of the liberal party; the a- tional, which had just been talking very big about the mission of Prussia, and her readiness to enter the lists pometanded to maintain the faith of treaties and the balance of power, was instructed to assure its readers that nothing would be under- taken by government without its having obtained the consent and approbation of Russia and England, and the march of troops to the Rhine, which had been fixed for the lst of this month, was suddenly countermanded. It may be as well to add that the leading members of the Cabinet, Baron Schlenitz, General Bonin and M. de Patow, have all along been averse to the departure of Prussia from the attitude of neutrality which she had adopted at the commencement of the war; but CE et ny Prince Regent has gone so far that he will tind it difficult to recede without loss of reputation. Prince espa too, whom the newspapers have been whisl ing about from one end of Europe to the other, has now actu- ally arrived at Berlin, either to remind the Regent of his e ements, or to confirm his wavering resolution; in short, Prussia has involved herself in Buch 8 maze of intrigue, and got into so thoroughly awkward a fix, that unless peace should come ‘like 2 Dens ex machiné to rescue her from the dilemma, Isee no possible way of her emerging from it ex- cept by the ullima ratio. eanwhile, although we have not yet declared war, and are still flattering ourselves with the hope of keeping clear of it, we are already inthe full enjoyment of its beauties and comforts. The town is overrun with soldiers, who are quartered upon the een) a war aro a at al mences from the beginning o! mont Ops and distilleries are airing, and legitimate hae ness is at a standstill. At the wool fair, which came off a week or two ago, prices were 10 to 15 thalers Jower than last year, notwithstanding which, if it had not been for the English, French and American buyers, the greater part of the stock on hand would have remained unsold. To relieve the general dis- tress, a committee has been formed, under the patro- nage of the Queen, to afford assistance to those who require it, and the Berliners, who, though rather eco- nomical, are a very charitable sort of people, will gladly contribute their mite to this benevolent ob- ject; but these are only temporary expedients, and if the conflagration now raging in the South should ultimately extend to this comes it is appalling to contemplate the misery to which the pcorer classes of the population must be reduced. Our Heldelberg Correspondence. Hewexsera, July 5, 1859. Celebration of the“Glorious Fourth” in Heidel- berg—A Yankee Excursion on the Neckar-- Incidents of the Day—War News and Ru mors—Louis Napoleon's Intentions—The Co- veled Rhenish Provinces—The Future of Italy, de. Yesterday was a prond day for the Americans in Heidelberg. Perhaps never before in all Europe, certainly never in Germany, was the “ Glorious Fourth” celebrated with more success or greater eclat than it was yesterday by our countrymen in this city and the invited Americans from Frankfort Although the entire number present was not more than sixty, of whom a little over a third were ladies, the affair was on a scale indicative of 2 much more numerous company; every one felt himself a hogt, and what we lacked innumbers was amply made up in pleasantness and comfort. One of the little steamers which regularly ply on the Neckar was chartered for the occasion, appropriately decorated with evergreens, the Wurtemberg, Baden, Bava- rian and Hessian flags, and the stars and stripes—no less than four of the latter being let loose to the breeze from masthead and standard poles. Thus in readiness, at two o’clock P.M. the bell rang, the whistle screeched, and away started the boat, with as patriotic a load as ever before was borne upon the green waters of the romantic and “winding Neckar,” for Neckar-Steinach, one of the prettiest and most picturesquely situated little villages any- where to be seen, where we were to partake of our dinner, an excellent band in the meantime enliven- ing our sail with “Yankee Doodle,” “Hail Colum- bia” and other music of their own selection, these two tunes being learned expressly for the day. Onr captain, who, by the way, also was an Ameri- can, haying been ten years or more in our country, first ran the boat up and down in front of the city once or twice, in order, as he said, “to show the people what we be,” and then pointed her for our destination. It may not be uninteresting to state that while passing to and fro before the city seve- ral of the Swiss students waved their national flag, the only republican one in Europe, to us from a housetop, and that waving handkerchiefs saluted us from windows and balconies on either side, leaving no doubt upon my mind that the rays of our west- ern star were not reflected eastward entirely in vain, though so quietly. Helvetia received three hearty cheers from our company, and we passed along. After two hours’ sailing between the castle- studded banks of this most charming little river, we went ashore and found our dinner about pre ean At table we listened to the asking of Divine essing by the Rev. Dr. May, of Syracuse, N. Y., a capital address by our chairman, Dr. Faber, of Charleston, 8. C,, the reading of the Declaration of Independence, happy responses to the toasts, and one or two humorous poems, agreeably inter spersed by the Popping of cham e bottles and patriotic and — strains by the band. Soon after eight we left the dining hall for the boat ,, and floated down the stream by the delight ful twilight, which in this latitude at this season laste till haitpast nine or ten o'clock. A few fire- Works as we came near the city and under the no- ble “old castle” concluded our boat ride, but not the pleasures of the day—the merriest were yet to come. From the boat most of the “ mer folks” repaired to the pleasant parlors of al from Brooklyn, N. Y., who, with her wonted politeness and hospitality, threw open her doors, that those fond of it might pleasantly beguile a few hours in threading the mazes of the “ever-varying dance,” and regale themselves on ices, fruits and all their agreeable adjuncts, which were served up to as joyous and merry a company as often meets to .iip the heel and toe,” even in the dancing climes. Tl not attempt to answer for the headaches of to- | his hind NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, JULY 22, 1859.—TRIPLE SHEET. day among fair ones subject to their rule, or those young men who “smiled and smiled again,” and cut the champagne cords, but will say that I be- lieve none who yesterday celebrated their national iarenendence day at this place, will ever entertain but the most delightful remembrance of it, and will sluags be happy to think they were one of the umber who broke their bread and drank their wine at a Fourth of July dinner under the shade of those four hoary old monuments of robbery, rapine and tyranny—the ruins of the castle of the Lan haden ‘on Neckar Steinach. One of the pleagantest in- cidents of the day I must not pass. As the boat passed along under the fine stone bridge at this place, a beautiful little daughter of Mr. Prentice, of Albany, N. Y., supported by her father from below, stood upon the guard railing of the bridge, waving a little silk American flag, and bow- ing most gracefully to some of her friends whom she recognized on the boat underneath. “Young Ame- rica” spontaneously burst forth in three as hearty cheers as ever rang out on the air. The war, speculation as to its extension beyond italy the result in either case, &c., are ie great topics of European conversation, editorials and pamphlets. mid all this many a glance is directed to our land, and many a question asked about what would be its course in case of a general war. I, and every American, know as well what course our govern- ment will pursue—except in the direst necessity— in European affairs as to make it needless to discuss the question. What very many of our people would do, however, remains to be seen. It is about as difficult to obtain cgrrect news in regard to the movements of the belligerents, and particularly of the actual condition of the armies, here as in Ame- rica, receiving a half-dozen or s0 conflicting re- jorts, as we do, nearly each day. The official espatches of both France and Austria are almost always so meager, or when complete so contradic- tory, as to inspire but little confidence in either. Usually about one or two weeks pass after any very important transaction occurs before we com- mence to receive reliable details. Until now we have had nothing but the skin and bones—a shaky, rattling skeleton—ofjnews over the last great battle of Solferino; but at present are be- ginning to receive a little of the substance. Ac- cording to the despatches of the French Emperor to the ress, the French lost 13,000 men, includ- ing 720 oflicers put hors de combat, a very large number of whom were killed outright. Other ac- counts pet their loss at 18,000 or 20,000. But, even allowing the French statement to be the correct one, if we add to this the statement that “the Sardinian army was much the most severely handled,” we shall then see that the loss of the Allies collectively must have been fully equal to, if not considerably ater than that of the Austrians, which here, in sermany, is pertinaciously held to be the case. We seldom get any very reliable account of the Sardi- nian losses, the French pitt! mentioning only the French losses in his despatches, and hence are troubled to arrive at a fair comparison of the respective losses. Itis, however, gradually becom- ing known that the Allies have suffered more than at first was: apposed. The municipal authorities of Ma- enta, for instance, report 13,442 as the number of ies buried on the field of battle, and add that the number of the Allies exceeded that of the Aus- trians. As near asIcan arrive at the truth, after carefully reading the statements, official and other- wise, of both sides,the game thus far has been about drawn, as far as mere numbers are concern- ed, although the Austrians in every instance have suffered atleast a nominal defeat. That they at no time have been very badly beaten, and that the Allies likewise have red immensely, is apparent from the orderly retreat of the Austrians from every battle field, and the non-pursuit of them by the Allies. That the Allies have gained every other possible Shean is equally as apparent; just in proportion as the Austrians have lost ‘moral Seng, the French and Italians have pee it, and they now not only feel the surest confidence in themselves, but have the sympathies and le tion of the world. Every American must feel that Louis Napoleon is doing a work that will emblazon his name on history’s page in letters as endurable as historical knowledge. That he intends nothing more in this war the effectual liberation of Italy, and that, too, not by substituting his own or any other’s tyranny for that of expelled Austria, but by leaving them to themselves, is so plain to one Who, here in Europe, sees how events are moving, that “he who runs may read.” His fur- ther interference is, ofcourse, dependent more upon the quietude and ‘hon-participation of the other Powers, than those already engaged. Any one dis- poo to reflect a moment, as to what a rein would given to revolution and anarchy in the event of a general war, will at once discover a sufficient reason for his avoiding it by all means in his power. Napoleon IIL knows very well that diplomacy, not force of arms, is his forie; and to an observer this war will readily be seen to have a diplomatic bear- ing not to be contemned. By Austria’s defeat, and its confinement to Italy, Prussia and Austria will be- come more widely separated than ever, and be ac- tuated toward each other by ill and resentful feel- ings only. Napoleon, therefore, will be left at will to find a quarrel with Prussia andthe other German States, whom Austria, from revenge,would refuse as- sistance to, and he could snatch the much coveted Rhenish provinces, while Russia held England at bay. That this isany part of the plans of Napoleon Ill. is at most only a speculation, and that on the most uncertain of all subjects—political questions. lies be he gent ry lans, to-day he is la- oring for liberty, an re e to hi: Medias) ats are nd aeeee ad Reece and esteem of every lover of liberty, down to the end of time. That the Italians, who are now ac- cepting their liberty from the same nation that ex- tended its wees hand to our forefathers in their allant struggle for freedom, may find in Napoleon II. what our country found in the noble Lafayette, and that having once obtained the inestimable boon. of liberty, a know as well how to use it as did those heroic old souls of 76, is the fondest hope of your correspondent, Our Paris Correspondence. Pants, July 7, 1859. ‘The Courage of Napoleon IL. on the Battle Field—Reports from Silferino—The Position of England—Hostile Feeling Of the French—Balloon Manufacture—Austrian Prepa- rations at Venice—Why the French did not Cross the Mincio—Movements of Prince Napoleon—Treatment of Austrian Prisonert—The Perugia Affair and the Popish Question—Kossuth’s Proclamations in Hungary—A Stir” ring Appeal to Arms, dc, General Niel is raised to the dignity of Marshal of France, but as yet we do not hear anything of any dukedom in connection with Solferino. Every day adds something to the interesting peril of his Majesty on the occasion of that great battle. It is possible that ramor in this, as in other matters, has been true to its inrputed character’ and that the proverbial flattery of those who ever bend the lowest to the rising sun may have lent its ‘aid. It was first said that some projectiles fell within a few metres of the Emperor; then, that two horses of the Cent Garde, who surrounded him, were shot; then, that ,Baron Lerey’s charger was killed while his rider was speaking to his Majesty; then, that General Auger lost his arm by a cannon shot while immediately in the Emperor's vicinity; then, that his Majesty’s epaulette was shot off; and | the most recent addition is, that a projectile fell so near as to cause the imperial charger to stand on legs, causing a zealous Cent Garde to rush forward and protest at such ex- posure of the sacred person—while Napoleon, with the proverbial calm common to all heroes on such occasions, says, “ Let us silence their cannon, my worthy friend, and then there will be danger to none of us.” Indeed, it is said that Horace Vernet is to illustrate -this last position in his own peculiar way; that, while the earth is being ploughed up by the round shot, and his charger is pawing the air, the Emperor will be seen smiling and chatting with the soldier of the Cent Garde, as if seated in an@American rocking chair. have myself been an eye witness of the imper- turbable courage of Napoleon on more than one occasfon—both physical and moral; but it is impos- sible to remark Without a smile the glozing flat- tery which now exaggerates the simple but digni- fied deportment of one who himself knew well how to draw the line between an honest display of courage and the wanton exposure of a life on which he was well aware everything depended. Every one seems perfectly content with the general aspect of affairs. The funds rise; public opinion also rises and follows in the wake of suc cess. Napoleon is thought to be the favored spirit of fortune, sent to strike off the chains which for nearly half a century have impeded, though never checked, France’s supremacy. Lord Palmer- ston’s advent to power in England is thought a certain pledge of that nation’s tranquillity, and though she may continue her armaments—her volunteer rifle corps, &c.—it is conceived that the noble Premier is only running with the people in their momentary excitement that he may the more easily accomplish his own ends. I was curious, however, to ascertain what was generally thought ef the remarks made in the House of Lords by Lord Howden, formerly British ambassador at the Court of For this purpose I took especial pains to elicit the opinions of various grades, from the diplomatic coterie to a society of mechanics. It is certainly singular that such unanimity in such dis- cordant classes should have been found. At first the proverbial politeness of Frenchmen renders it difficult to penetrate the disguise they surround themselves with; but a little patience, a little gentle Panepreing, @ little malicious treading on toes or et corns, is sure to bring out the truth,anda ‘renchman is stilla Frenchman to the backbone. y * England is the hereditary enemy , as of yore, detested by every mother’s sen of us—and we do not deny that to hu- miliate her, to make her hold a place consorfut to her insular insignificance in the estimation of the civilized world, would stir up every soul in France. Lord Howden has done us no injustice when he says that to this purpose the widow would give her last son, the beggar his last sou; but we are not such fools as to ran a muck at you without knowing thoroughly our plans.” Balloon manufacture is now quite the order of the day. Forty women are engaged day and night in the fabrication of one which is to sent off to headquarters with all despatch. The Archduke Maximilian, brother of the Empe- ror of Austria, is at Venice, and commandsthe Aus- trian fleet, his flag being hoisted on board the yacht Fantasia. This vessel, itis said, may be seen fre- quently from time to time in the canals of the la gunes, The Prince frequently visits the different works of defence. On the 25th the only line-of-bat- tle ship of the Avstrian ont Mes taken into the assage remaining open. e vessel is ready P es sunk there, and the channel will then be closed. Some surprise has been felt that the Mincio was not crossed immediately after the victory of Solfe- vino; but the difficulty of feeding an army of 150,000 men must be considered, as stores cannot be sent on in advance in a country occupied by the enemy, it is evident that if the army had in the evening of the 24th pursued the Austrians be- hind the Mincio, it would have remained four or five days without provisions. The French army could have crossed the Mincio three days sooner, but it is certain, from all we hear, that it would have been a prey to hunger three days after. The great Bonaparte, it will be remembered, was in a conquered country, and commanded only 30,000 in- stead of 150,000 men, and thus could make marches and countermarches. * Prince Napoleon, says a letter from Valegio, arrived there at five o’clock on the Ist inst. ie King of Sardinia was there incog.en the morning after, and returned t6 Rivoltella after remaining an hour with the Emperor and the Prince. The ce left the same evening to rejoin his corps d’armée, and will establish his headquarters at Goito, a small town about seven miles from Mantua. Subscriptions are ponring in from all quarters for the benefit of the wounded. Among the contributors the Monileur of this ea 3 announces the names of the Duke and Duchess of Malakoff—the former 1,000f., the latter 500f. Great indignation is expressed at the imputation cast upon France ih Mare of the German journals, of unfair, or rather harsh treatment to the Austrian prisoners, in selling them to hard labor, as if they were Russian serfs; and above all, transporting them to Algeria. All the governmentjournals take fire, and declare that the bay secured to the Aus- trian prisoner for his labor is better than he could have obtained at home, but that the transport to Algiers is both a politic and humane measure, the advantage of which the Austrian himself has al- ready recognized in his eagerness to avail himself of the opportunity. These journals, too, display considerable of the Papal go- Soreness at the conduct vernment at Perugia. It is asked whether the Roman States are Italians—yes or no? If yes, how can it be supposed that ‘they are to be idle spectators on the question of Italian independence? lowever above the storms which are now ragin: the Pontifical throne may be spiritually, temporal- ly the matter is different. The mischief is Anto- nelli’s doing. If this man, who is a cardinal cer- tainly, but no priest, had not leaned to the side of foreign domination, no blood would have been shed. He has insulted Piedmont, and his insults, by re- flection, fall on Piedmont’s powerful ally, &c., &c. Letters from Hun; state that the whole coun- try is inundated with proclamations of the most stirring character, from Kossuth and General Klapka. Austria is never spo- ken of, it is the House of Hapsburg only. After ten years he raises his voice to tell them that liberty, which succumbed in 1849, is now again in the ascendant, and General Klapka calls on all to take up arms and display the national colors. “In the hands of the Magyar,” he says, “every scythe, as well as every musket, is a weapon. Assemble! avenge all the Magyars assas sinated by the Hapsburgs!”’ “Rise! sacrifice your cor let them be trampled unger foot to the last blade!” says Kossuth. “I swear to you by the God of the Magyars that I will enrich your soil for ee ee years while reconquering Hungarian ube! . To judge from this, things look shady for Austria in the East as well as the West. But letters from influential Austrians speak with wondrous coni- dence, and declare that the country is as full o heart as ever, and as sanguine of success as on the day they first took the initiative in this ill-fated war. Our Florence Correspondence. Frorence, July 3, 1859. Departure of Prince Napoleon's Corps d’ Armée— Reinforcements of Tuscan Troops—Demeanor of the Prince in Tuscany—The Massacre at Perugia and its Effect—An American Citizen Plundered—Shirking the Responsibility Equip. ment of Volunteers—Eruption of Vesuvius— Americans in Italy, &c., &¢e. We have had a season of comparative quiet in Florence since the Fifth corps of the French army, under the command of Prince Napoleon, moved off. towards the north. Before setting forward this body was increased by some ten thousand or more Tuscan troops. Thus, for the first time, a portion of the Tuscan army had an opportunity to show that they really felt a disposition to see some actual ser- vice in the field. With this addition, Prince Napo- leon’s command was swelled to a force of forty or fifty thousand men. The last account received of this aymay i had reached by its mysteriously round- about way the city of Parma, pretty well towards the line of the Po. If Prince Napoleon really intends to do something in this Italian campaign, and is not disposed to let his cousin carry off all the glory, it is time that he was about it. So faras we ourselves saw, and were able to learn from others, his conduct was very admirable during his stay in Tuscany. It was satisfactory at least in that it was consistent. While the people of the country ran | after him wherever he went, and were ready to throw themselves under his horse’s feet, out of gratitude for the magnanimous assistance which the Emperor is lending to the Italian cause, the Prince paid little attention to their homage, but bore almost haughty indifference and _ reserve. His corduct always—at least while moving through the crowded streets—seemed to say, “Spare your applause for another occasion; I have not come for that, but to help to do very serious work, of which you should not forget it is your duty to do a very important part.” The people are still quite in the dark as to whatare the plans of the Emperor, the King and Count Cavour for the future of those” smaller States of Italy after the ;war shall be suc- cessfully ended. There had commenced among persons holding different opinions a somewhat pre- mature discussion of™what disposition was to be made of Tuscany when a new government was established. Shonld it be annexed to Sardinia, or anew central kingdom erected? Notwithstanding the constant reports about a great want of harmony in the views held here touching these questions, we are satisfied that most people have now made up their minds to accept the advice which they have received from Piedmont, and leave their discussion until after the war is brought to a close. Until Italian independence is clearly established, or at least pending the present condition of things, pru- dent people see that an attempt to settle anything Politically would only tend to inextricable confu- sion. Even the Mazzinists are wise enough to pause at such a juncture as this, still hoping to go, by anatural process of organized developement’ through constitutional monarchy to constitutional republicaniam. The affair of Perugia, of which before this you have published an account, still continues to occupy attention. All the particulars of the siege of the town, and the subsequent conduct of the Swiss troops, have been collected and printed in a varicty of forms, and as widely circulated as possible. The feeling of abNorrence excited by the Mtrocities com- mitted is extreme, ang the sentiment of hostility towards the Papal government, both within and beyond the limits of the States of the Church, has become more profound than before. Cardinal An- tonelli undoubtedly sees that a mistake was com- mitted, and it is not to be supposed that another attempt will be made to reduce to submission any of the rebellious cities lying to the north of Pern- ga The troops which were sent to re-establish e authority of the Pope left Rome on the 14th of June, or on the same day that the authorities placed the direction of the affairs of the city in the hands of the King of Piedmont. Notice of the disaffec- tion had been forwarded by telegraph to Rome. There would appear to be some truth in the opi- nion generally current here, that the soldiers were ge to understand before they left Rome that Py were to have, as areward for their success, the sack of the town. As, after the event of the sack and the marder of many of the inhabitants—not only men, but women and children—the commandant of the expedition was promoted from the rank of Colonel to that of General of Brigade, the entire responsibility of the aftair must be borne by the Papal government. As an American citizen—Mr. Edward Perkins, of Boston—happened to be stay- ing in Perugia, with several anlar of his family, at the time of the attack, and was a sufferer by the Joss of property to the amount of several thousand dollars, a case against the Roman government for indemnity is made. Our Minister, Mr. Stockton, is now with his fami- ly in Tuscany. Before leaving Rome it is under- stood that an interview with the Cardinal Secretary of State was had, when a disposition to shirk the responsibility of the transaction and payment of the ches ‘ion was exhibited. There can be no doubt that the claim will be insisted on by the Minister, and, if necessary, such pressure applied by our government as will lead to satisfaction being obtained, not only for the damage sustained, but tor the outrage committed. We are assured that our reprsentative is disposed to act with energy, aud to use this, the first occasion on Which a ques- tion of this character has arisen between the two governments, to convince the Roman authority that in all such cases security for the persons and property of American citizens must be guaranteed. Florence, for the moment, is turned into a great workshop for the Manufacture of military uniforms andequipments. Workers in cloth and in Weather are reaping a harvest. There are constantly several thousand volunteers here ‘waiting for their outfits before being sent off. They come and go in hun- dreds and thousands every few days. Count Cavour himself with a cold, | was right when he told the American sympathisers that volunteers were not needed from our country. Material, much more than men, is sought for. Bat that is not waited for long. Victor Emanuel has only to stamp, and men spring from the ground; but unfortunately, unlike the classic heroes, they do notcome up armed. There is a little apap in put- ting the modern offspring of Mars in fighting trim. Knapsacks and cartouche boxes in these days, in Italy, as well as elsewhere, have to be stitched by harness makers,and not by the goddesses of the mythical mountain. The young volunteers, when they at length get into their uniforms, in spite of their little military practice, soon assume a war- like bearing. We are well persuaded that there are not a few truly brave souls amongthem. We some- ‘imes talk with them and ascertain their feelings and wishes, which generally pretty faith- fully indicate those of the particular localities from which they come. We met two from the little re- poutia of San Marino, towards the Adriatic. One ad left his yonng wife and his first born boy, a lit- tle fellow only four days old. He was full of spirit for the war, which he was sure could not last long, and was certain to end well. Buta cloud of sad- ness came over his brow at the thought that he might not see again the dear ones he kad left be- hind. This is but a single case among hundreds similar. Thus the gerd men, and wives, and sis- ters and mothers of Italy are making sacrifices for the national cause. A victory of the Allies is now so much a matter of course, that illuminations and other manifesta- tions of joy, so common at first, have now nearly ceased. People read the bulletins which give the first announcements of the battle and the triumph, count the killed and wounded, and wait with hope forthe next success. Every day now this hope is less andless mixed with anxiety. French energy inspires unlimited confidence; and then there is @ virtue in rifled cannon which is found to be irre- sistible, and which cannot be laughed to scorn. Providence visibly blesses a just cause, but in the present case, as in so many others, the blessing is seer to descend upon those men who exhibit the most wit in their contrivances for helping themselves. The Journal of Naples tells us that Vesuvius is getting more and more out of sorts, and is fretting and fuming at a véry violent rate; the river of lava running out of the lower openings of the crater is already more than three miles long, and is widen- ing and deepening every day. It is destroying orchards and vineyards, and jit will be a piece of eee fortune if the damage is not much greater as ie stream continues to roll towards the sea. The hot weather has now fairly commenced in Ttaly, and hardly a passing traveller is seen. Ex- cept the few Americans permanently established in Florence or its neighborhood, our countrymen also are among the absentees. We hear of num- bers stowed away in cool nooks along the shores of the Mediterranean, where they make themselves as comfortable as they would be if they were on our own Atlantic coast. The Death of the King of Sweden and Nor ‘way. A brie? telegraphic aespavcn a mo Lenany papers announces the death at Stockholm, July 8, of Oscar, King of Sweden and Norway, after an illness which has incapacitated him from taking any active part in the government of his kingdom since September, 1857. Joseph Francis Oscar I, King of Sweden and Norway, of the Goths and Wends, was born July 4, 1799, succeeded his father, Bernadotte, to the throne in 1844, and was crowned at Stockholm on the 28th of September of the same year. He had married, in the year 1823, the Princess Josephine Maximilliene Eugenie, daughter of Eugene, Duke of Leuchtenburg, by whom he has had several children, viz:—Prince Charles Louis Eugene, Duke of Scania, born in 1826, now King of Sweden; Prince Oscar Frederic, Duke of Ostragotha, born in 1829, for several years commander of the Swedish marine forces; Princess Charlotte Euge- nie Augusta Amelia Albertine, born in 1830; and the Prince Nicholas Augustus, born in 1831. The eldest son, Prince Charles, succeeds to the throne, and will probably take the title of Charles XV. He was married in 1850 to the Princess Wilhelmina Frederica Alexandrina Anna Louisa, daughter of Prince William of the Netherlands, and several children are the issue of this mai e. The father of the late King, the famous Marshal Bernadotte, married Desirée Clery, daughter of a merchant of Marseilles, and Oscar was the only issue of this marriage. When Bernadotte was elected Crown Prince of Sweden, young Oscar joined with him in abjuring Catholicism and em- racing the Lutheran creed. He was placed in the Imperial Lyceum when but nine years of age, ani subsequently his education was entrusted to <Atterborn, the Swedish poet. In 1818 Charles XIII. died, and Bernadotte ascended the throne under the title of Charles XIV. About this time Oscar entered the Asal Ad Upsal. | After leaving the University the young Prince paid | a visit to the Duke of Leuchtenberg, and married his daughter. In 1884 he was appointed Regent on account of his father’s illness; and in 1844, on the death of Bernadotte, he in turn succeeded to the throne, and atthe same time to a_private fortune of 80,000,000 francs, which Bernadotte had saved out of a civil list of gbut 3,000,000 per annum. He has ruled his kingdom for fifteen years, in com- parative quiet, and without any occasion for a dis- play of genius or great ability. He was preposses- ajng in personal appearance, courteous and aflable, mingled freely with the People, and as well as his Queen, was very popular. ucation and internal improvements have progressed during his reign, but religious intolerance still prevails in Sweden. Prince Charles, who is now King, has received a purely Swenish education, and his intellectual ac- uirements are said to be considerable. His king- dom is peaceful and prosperous, and there seems to be no reason why his reign should not be long and happy. IMPORTANT MARKET CIRCULARS. State of the Markets—Effect of the Armistice, MESSRS. BARING BROTHERS’ CIROULAR. Our colonial and fore 8—5 P. M. i | ror TP eee ae: share: 11 44., yellow metal als 936d. .—-The market 's dull, influenced by the fineness of the weather, and considerable arrivals. Last week’s averago price of English was 463. 4d. on American wheat, quarter: 46a, a 608. ; red, 428. FLouk.—238, a 278, per barrel. Srexrer firm at £19 1fe. @ £19 17, €d. Corton steady. Sales for the werk 1,000 bales. A Liverpoo! the demand has improved in last or hon Faiee for the week 69,600 bales; middling Orl . per Ib. RUGS 250 tumeric three fourths gold at 128, for mid- dling Madras, being cheaper. 609 cages Barbadoes aloes mortly fold at £10 £8 for ordinary to good. 106 cases castor oil three-fourshs sold at 6d. a 6d. for Caloutta thirds to ‘seconds. 19 tons tapan wood, Manila, sold at £5 128, 6d. a £6 108. for damaged. 11 ctses beeswax mostly sold, Cochin white £10 108, yel'ow £8 10s., and Caloutta white £10 58. 3,027 bags Kowrie gum sold at 16a. a és. 6d. for fair to good. 120 plumbago part fold ab 12s, 6d. for middling lump, 18 cases Turkey plum pert cold at 18%. a 18¢. 6d. for good, being cheaper. 41 begs Madras cardamoma mostly sold at 34. 8d. ade, 138 bage Oascagilla bark sold at 27a. 6d. a 513. a praing sree 7 io, packets roll apnatto mostly fold, good 80, a 834d, ordinary 234d, a 3d. 818 pack sticklac mostly sold at Shs. 64. oa 64. for mall to good bold. Cutch 2% a Gambier 16a. 6d, Saffron— one here. Bemr.—St. Petersburg dull; 126 tons nearly all taken in; clean, £30 » £30 10s.; fine Polieh Rhine, £30; Jute flat, and of 6,600 bales only about 1,600 bales tound buyers, viz: from £8 7s. a £11 128. 6d. for roots and common quality, £16 58, a £15 10s. for low middiing, with good at £18, being about former rates. Hipes.—At auction about 172,000 East India were offer- ed, whick met with muciMess demand than at the previ- cus auctions, and as holders were not willing to sabmit to apy important dectine only about one-half was sold. IspiGo —The next sale will commence on the 12th inst, 11,698 cheets are declared. : rails offering at £6 f.0.b. in Wales; Scotch for mixed Nos. on the Clyde. in buyers’ favor. f val as quiet, and prices slightly cutee oa 6d., and 6s. itta is quoted 48s. a 483. goes of Azov at 48s. 6d. a 4s, Livsexp Cakes.—More business in foreign at reduced rates. New York in barrels £9 10s. a £9 12s, 6d.; Boston in £9 2s. 6d. a £9 5a. Ih 4 nO change. A few small parcels have sold at last week’s rates. Motasses.—60 puncheons Si. Vincent sold at 13s, 6d., and 90 puncheong Antigua of fair quality at 16s. 64. Ons,—Fish quiet; sperm steady at £93 a £94, new pale Beal £26, cod £33 a £33 108., pale Southern £34. Olive firm; Gailipoli £48, Mogadore £42. dull; foreign refined for autumn delivery can be bought at 40s. L'n- seed on the spot offers at 208. a 288. 94. Cocoanut dull at 408.0422. Palm quict at 458. a 478. Rice firm. The chief have been in Bengal, which ig more scarce than other sorts. 20,000 bags have Deen sold; Bengal 10s. 6d. a12s. 6d. for low middling to whiie, Baliam at 11s. for fine, Necranzie Arracan at \0s., and low Bagsein at 8s. 6d. Rom quiet, with some inquiry for Jamaica, of which ont 180 puncheons have been gold, but prices kept se- erie very pert, fon ee. ey pio 8. 6d. on ‘ast week’s prices. Privately bage have been purchased, 7 34,7 and 6 Ibs. refraction at 41s. 6d. 2,580 bags at auction were all beught in. Sricss.—Pepper—1,050 bags bar were held for 434d., but 1,000 bags Singapore sold steadily at 4344. for aes — Caseia lignea without change; about 250 xes have been sold. Cloves are held firmly at 34. a 8%4., at which 315 bage Zanzibar were chiefly bought in. Nutmege—119 cases Penang sold at 1s. 64, for low mid. SvGar bas been dull until today, when the more pacific news from the Continent has given firmnees to holders, and the market closes with an upward tendency. Of British West India the sales are 3,500 hhds. 7,632 bags Mauritius were about half realizod—com- mon brown at 6d. a Is. cwt. decline, but for the emall proportion of kinds sold about former ‘ices were paid, low to low middling browp at 30s. a ., g00d to fine grocery zemi crystalised 438. 6d. a 458. and’ good to fine refining do. at 44a. 9 458, Bengal, of 1,899 bags Benares offered, only a few lote sold at , 428, 6d. for middling white. Of 524 bags native indras brought forward, only a few lots old at Sls. for middling brown. Foreign—Of 4,248 bags Siam, about one-third found buyers at 4le. a 44a. for middling to good Cid yellow. Low brown Cuba muscovado was ought in at 30s; 6d., and 181 hhds., 40 tierces and 119 bbls. Porto Rico, only a few lous sold Ae, w 463. for low good pale do. yellow. Privately a cargo biowoxee Havans, No. 14, fully insured, sold at 20s. for a near Continental port, and a cargo of white Bahia at 29s. for an outport. Tattow dull at 54s. for St. Petersburg Y. C. on the spot, and 568. for the end of the year. ‘Tun advancing. The Dutch sale of 146,000 slabs Banca took place yesterday, and all sold at §23¢1 , equal to avout. perry e. Straits about 1388. ‘The Tea market is rather firmer. Common Congou 1s, 3d. per pound. ‘TURPENTINE dull. No sales of rough; nominal price 10s. ‘Spirits on the spot sell slowly at 41s. a 41s. 6d., but can be bought for arrival at 388. PARKINSON, HAMILTON AND INGLEBY’S CIRCULAR. Livgnroot, July 8, 1559, Our cotton market, which up to yesterday had been gaining strength, has to day become much excited in con- sequence of the report of an armistice between France and Austria, which it is hoped will tend to peace. Ve irregular sales haye been made, in some cases at an ad- ‘vance of fuily 34d. per Ib. from yesterday’s rates, but we consider the general market to be 34d. to 14d. higher than on Friday for the current qualities of American. WAKEFIELD, NASH AND CO.’S CIRCULAR. Liverroon, July 8, 1359, Cortox.—The market opened dull in the early part of the week, but owing to the favorable reports of trade in Manchester subsequently the better grades improved 1 tl a Ib., with a good business Laway 4 To day, owing to the unexpected armistice between Franco ani Austria, a further advance of sd. a i¢d. has been de- manded by holders, and in most instarices obtained.” Our quotations, which do not include to day’s advance, aro, for middling Orleans 6 15-16d.; middling uplands 63¢0.: —taaK 7 Imports this’ wose "YF3R4 aes. row sales ov,ov balee, of which speculators took 5,350, exporters 3,040, leaving to the trade 60,700 bales. AsHES have been in better request, and about 700 bbis. have changed hands at 268.0278. for old and new pots respectively, acd 292, for pearls. Qvercirgz0Nn Bark.—Only 200 Baltimore have been sold, at 6e. 6d. a 68. 9d., and some Philadelphia in retail at Os. 64. Larp continues almost nominal, transactions being of the most retail character. Tattow.—The only transactions this week of importance are 100 bhds. B. A. at 668, percwt.; P. ¥.C., 57.0 578. 6d. Rosry.—About 5,000 bbls. bave been gold, chiefly com- mon, at 8s, 10d. a 3a. 11d., and some little medium at 4s. €d. a 78., closing with sellers of common at 3s. 10d. per cwt. Nothing done in the fine grades, Tcrrentixs has further declined; about 200 bbis. at 288. on the spot, being the only transaction of the week. In spirits the market closes dull, with heavy arrivals. Liysesp Cake continues very dull. About 50 tons infe- rior thin oblong have been sold at £8 10s. Per ton. Rice—We hear of no transactions in Carolina, Brer remains very dull; the sales do not amount to more than 300 tierces, including some of Standart’s I. M. at 115s., and some repacked at 858. = 96¢.; lower prices would be to effect sales, especially since the ceipt of the continental news of to-day. JAMES HEWI"T AND CO.’S CIRCULAR. Livgrpoot, July 8, 1859. Corrox.—In consequence of later and more favorable advices from East India for manufactured goods, the trade bave been induced to buy more freely, but the offerings have been on such an extensive scale as to prevent any material advantage being obtained from the increased de- mand. Really desirable descriptions ty highs compara- tively scarce, have commanded slightly higher prices, perhaps as much as 34d. in exceptionable cages, There js a very large accumulation of low trashy kinds, which can scarcely be sold at any price, and are likely to remainon hand a long time, to the (ee eeiee of better qualities. The imports this week have been 47,000 bales, and the sales 70,000, eck, Bah sent from the quay direct tospinners. Speculators have taken 5,000 bales, and exporters 3,000, To-day the market has been much ex- cited in consequence of the armistice between France and Austria. The sales amount to 20,000 bales, and prices are ad. higher on the better, and 4d. on the lower kinds than quoted above. Pork is quite neglected, and will also be affected by the here are no transactions to report in peaceful news. American. Bacon has been more freely offered, and of 350 boxes offered by auction only 200 sold, at a decline of 2s. a 28.6d. per cwt. on late prices. Curese—Nothing of importance to report, and value unchanged. The weather cannot possibly be more favorable for the growing crops. Business etili on a most limited scale, and prices are to a great extent nominal. Holders disposed to take the chance of “ weather” rather than push sales at resent. x Inpiay Cory has been in active demand, at gradually hardening rates, both for parcels on the spot and to ar- rive. Deliveries of wheat from our own farmers for the past week consist of 59,360 qrs., against 63,130 qrs. same week last year; average price this year 40s. 4d., against 423. 8d. corresponding week last year. The brillisnt weather causes our grain market to rule dull, and with only a very moderate attendance at our market this morning, wheat and se procurable at re- a decline of 2d. a 3d. per 100 Ibs, former, and 1s. a 2s. per sack on the latter. Ixpian Corn less inquired for, and prices barely sup- ported. Oats, OATmmAL and Baays dull, and the turn cheaper. CHARLES SAUNDERS’ CIRCULAR. - taal bade EAN LR ‘owing to reports that an armisti been con. chetan Coens tea raaating armies, the cotton market has been very ‘The weather continues very which, combined with ot armistice bet ‘Austria and France, Dusineas in broadstuffs, and prices of wheat 8d. per cental and flour cheaper on the i ny. 78 CIRCULAR. San cae sc aa elton July 8, 1859, fin weather the market for Le a eran: Ones been dull in ho extrome, and ‘of wheat.and flour have bad a downward . jan corn, however, has been more aired for, and rather better prices have been obtained. be report thie STOLEMRFOHT, SONS & OOe ou July 8 VERPOOL, 1860. adverse sides of the question bas* continued, ety ai * cont 4 mail steamers have received notice that they rea gaining time in order to OF whether it may lead ‘o negotia- for peace, to which object the neutral Powers will no doubt devote their best services. An immediate re- vival in business will propab!y now occur, and then be Patnegotstion. “Raere a raiher more kemand terasceey, ne; more rr which, how: ver, continues to be abundant aad cheap. -* ‘The weather continues highly favorable for the crops, which are 8) well of from all parts, and are rather more forward than last year. The season hag been a favorable one. Occasional thunder storms have returns for this week show a de- crease both in the bullion and unemployed notes; former is now £18,088,865, and the fatter £10,472,660. ‘The cotton market opens firmly this morning, but with- Out excitement, THE VERY LATEST?. THE TYROL. Berne, July 7, 1959. Advices have been received from Samaden to the Gth inst. All the Austrian troops have left Windschan, and are now concentrated on the Stelvio Pass, where a conflict is expected to-day. TRE ADRIATIC. Frog, July 6, 1859, Two French war steamers have been recon- noitring off this place. One thousand French soldiers have occupied Cherso. The occupation of Fiume by Austrian troops continues. § Frome, July 7, 1859, Yesterday evening the French frigate Julie and & war steamer appeared off the port. Upon one of the vessels discharging a gun the Mayor and four Consuls went on board. vi The commander explained that he had recived orders to reconnoitre Fiume, Buccari and Porto Re, and asked whether Austrian war steamers were in the port, and also concerning the strength of the garnson. He further gave his word that nothing was intended against the population, and that the garrison, authorities and archives might be with- drawn. This morning the vessels have left, and every- thing has returned to its former state. Trieste, Joly 7, 1859. Advices have been received from Ancona to the 30th ult. Gen. Calbermatten has taken the com- mand of the town, and declared a state of siege. A general disarming has been ordered. The Archducal yacht Fantasia, after having suc- cessfully broken through the blockade, has arrived here from Venice. The French squadron before Lussin numbered on the 3d inst. sixteen vessels, of which three were liners. The inhabitants of Fiume were yesterday evening alarmed by the appearance of hostile vessels off the town. The sailing of fishing boats and the nightly traffic between Venice and Chioggia have been strict- ly forbidden. Viesna, July 8, 1859. The Austrian Correspondence contains the fol- lowing:— The French frigate Impetuese bombarded Zara yesterday. The fortress returned the fire. The Impetuese at last broke off the contest, ap- pearing to have suffered injury. THE GERMANIC CONFEDERATION. FRANEFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, July 7, 1859. In to-day’s sitting of the Federal Diet Austria proposed that the whole Federal Contingent shoulda be mobilized, and that the Prince Regent of Prus- sia should be requested to assume the command in chief of it. DENMARK. CorennAGeEN, July 6, 1859. Government has replied as follows to a demand of the Society of Merchants :— Even if the contingent of Holstein be obliged,to join in the war, the Danish government will never- theless maintain the neutrality of Denmark and Schleswig, to which resolution the great Powers have already agreed. Government aims at obtain- ing from the grea. Powers an additional sanction fom contacted nentrality, THE HUNGARIAN LEGION. The Hungarian segion forming at Genoa is to b> clothed like the Hungarian soldiers in the Austrian army,as it is believed the latter will not fire on men wearing the national costume. A NEW FRENCH REGIMENT, The Moniteur d’Armée publishes the Imperial decree by which a new regiment of Algerian sharp- shooters is'to be provisionally created. It is to con: sist of three battalions of six companies each. ROME. Aletter from Rome, published in the London Times, states that the Mazzinians have forged a pretended order of the Pope, as if it had been issued at the War Office, directing the most severe treat; ment of the revolted districts. SERVIA AND ITALIAN INDEPENDENCE. Loxpox, July 9—Noon. A letter from Belgrade, published in the Presse da Orient, states that about sixty young men belonging to the best families of Servia have solicited permission to form a corps to fight in favor of Italian independence. ‘The gunboats destined for the bombardment of Pes- chiera were launched on the Lake of Garda. A letter from Trebizond says that Persia is making great preparations in anticipation of war with Turkey. ‘The Presse of Vienna says that another French equad- ron of ten vessels was seen from Trieste on the 5th inst., bearing towards Venice. ‘The semi official Correspondence of Madrid declares that, while desiring Italian independence, Spain will still main- tain neutrality #0 long as the Italian princes and the church are maintained. Sovrmaspron, July 9, 1859. ‘The Pearl has arrived with £10,000 in specie, and brings the Calcutta and China mails sayed from the Alma, LONDON PRODUCE MARKET, ETC, Sarcrpay, June 9, 1859, Srcar.—There is a better feeling, and the 6d. decling in the early part of the week has been recovered. A cargo of 8,850 bags Paraiba has been sold for Hamburg at 208. Od. per arrobe. The coffee market has improved toward the latter part of the week, though uot to the full extent of the decline, Taa.—The late news has imparted more firmness to tha market, but the prices so far are unaltered. Rice steady. Santveree.—The armistice has flattened the market, and to induce business a considerable reduction has to be sub~ mitted to. Tatrow quict at Sis. for the month and 558. for last cheng Livmnroor, July 92:80 P, M. ‘The Europa was off the bar at noon, but owing to low water she is not yet up. Corrox,—Clare & Sons report continued firmness. Saleg to-day 12,C00 bales, including 4,000 om speculation and for BREADSTUY?S AND Provisiows.—Richardgon, Spence & Co, say the markets are very dull, but there is no change in i SS Tus TRIAL OF MircneLt iv CHARLESTON.—Th@ Paragraph may be found in the Northern