The New York Herald Newspaper, June 21, 1859, Page 1

NEWS FROM MEXICO. ATTEMPTED OVERTHROW OF MIRAMON, EXPEDITION AGAINST TEHUANTEPEC. Retreat of General Woll from Tampico. VIEWS AND PROSPECTS OF MR. McLANE. Expected Specie Train from the Capital, ko., MA, io. By the arrival of the eteamenip Jasper at New Orleans with the California maila by the Tebuantepsc route, w b received our correspouceace from Vera Cruz to the 28.h uit , and trom Minatilan to the 4th inet, Vrom New Orlcans we learn that the Teonessee would wait at Vera Cruz for the arrival of the expected specie concucta from Mexico, and that she would prodably not ‘eke another trip this summer, on account of the deton tion and difficulties at the New Orieans quarantive station. Our Vera Cruz Correspondence, Vera Onvz, May 28, 1859. ‘Ihe Attempted Revolution in the Captial—Imprisonment of Zuloaya, Jauregui and Miranda—Postion of Miramm— Gob’s Bupedition to Oajaca— Retreat of Gen. Wolk from Tampico— Movemen's of Gen. Robles—Atroctites of Mar. ques —Werkness of the Coastitutional Government —Trisis in Mexican Affairs—Views of Senor L-rdo—Will the Mexicans Acces Foreign Aid?—Prospect of War with the United States— What Mr. McLane May Try to Do— Purchase of Territory—Commercial Advantages of the Itamus of Iehuantepee—Paper Blockade of Tampico by Gen, Marin—No Conducta from Mexico, de. ‘Our aovives irom the city of Mexico are very irregular, not only on account of the stoppage of the regular mails, but also becauee difficulties have been recently thrown in the way of the express mails for the Amorican and Bri. tish steamers, which heretofore have been allowed to cowe down. Accounts have been received here of the most varied character in relation to @ recent attempt to overthrow Miramon. It seems that a pronunciamiento was discover- ed (0 be on the point of bursting forth on or about the ‘21st against Miramon, im favor of Zuloaga. The parties to this revolution were Padres Jauregai and Miranda, two stropg men in the church. Miramon was too quick for them, however, for no sooner did the first note of rebel- lion sound in the streets than he arrested the ringleaders, and gavo orders to have them sent here, when he told them the liberalists might punish them. Another report states that Zuloaga, Jauregui and Miranda are all in prison. ‘This is but a step ia the new convulsion which threatens the conservatives, for you must know that the church party is getting tired of Miramon, as his régime so far has been altogether barren of fruits to the priests, and yet he is conetantly asking them for money. They have at last tired of this thing, and as they never fought for patriotiem, but always for self, they are now willing to try somebody elee. Miramon must look to it if he loses She influence of the pi iests; for hie decree reatoring Santa Anna to power, and his rather singular conduct in other respects, will leave him without @ party in the country. Be bas sent an expedition to the State of Oajaca, in the south, for the supposed purpose of breaking up the Ame- rican transit across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and get. ‘ting possession of the ports of Ventoea and Minatitlan. It is said to consist of 2,000 men, under the Spaniard Cobos, A new forced contribution is reported to be contem” plated by Miramon, The expedition agrinst Tampico, under Genera! Woll, for the purpoee of opening that port to Santa Anna, has failed S)ter marching to witbin six leaguesof the place, Wol f und that bis intrigues to bring about a co-operatin movement In Tampico had been defeated by the vig lanc of the cong!ivutionsiiets, and he gave up the idea of en. Geavoripg to take it by siege during the hot season. So bo Fetreatec to the high country. ‘A report ia current here tba: Gen. Robles is annoyed at the Sunta Anna movement tn the City of Mexico, and that be has opeved communications with President Jaarez with @ view to embrace the liberal cause. I do not vouch for the tact. Meanwhile he is waicoful to prevent com- munication between tbe coast aad the interior, nnd en- forces with greut rigor the collection of the tax of tifty por cept on all merchauuise going up. His heaaquarters aro at Jalapa Gen. Marquez ceems to have read the history of Hay- Bau, the Austrian woman. whipper, for he is following in tho footsteps of taat worthy. Ho is the responsible au- thor of the margacre of peoole in facubays, and quite re- cently be bas given another taste of bis bumanity in the captare snd pillage of the town of Moretia. It was gener- ally reported tant Degollado had marched upoa Morelia With a view to effect w janction, with ower liveral torces attbat place. Marquez was sent out from the city of Kexico to prevent this junction by driving Dogoliado away; but finding Morelia abandoned by the lideral forces, he valuutly gave the town over to his soldiers for twenty: four bours’ pillage. It is aaseried that women were puo liciy whipped by the order of Marquez to make them re- ‘veal tbe secret hiding places of their triends. ‘The fluctuating fortunes of the liberal party render ita matter of great doubt at presens whetber Juarea will bo enabled to reach Mexico and be svflicientiy established to call a national Congress in the next year, if ever; aad it is very doubtful if the treaty he cigus will ever be rai fied by that booy. The constitutionalists of Mexico are a Little too constitutional. Tney overriie that instrament when their interests or desires urge them to do so, bat when they come to treat with us, or when they desire to avoid a settlement, they conjure up the organic act, and are the strictest constructionieta outside of South Caro Una, If it was not for the actual of Mr. McLane I Deliceve the Juarez Cabinet would aie wut of inanition, for it really does not soem to possess tue strength to “kick the buckew” decently. Unable to take the field and en- title itseif to confidenco and support, on every hand it loses friends, and if the attack on Vera Cruz was re- newei to-morrow I doubt very much if successful de- fence could be made. bas completely para- lyzed tho militery arm of the government, and it has Decome necessary to remove him from the chief com mand in the interior. He has been ordered here to take his portfolio as Minister of War. I thnk affairs are approaching @ crisis here which wi'l cipitate a war between the United States and Mexico. Fp coaverustcal on the subject of employing forcign eoldiers to assist in tranquilizing the country, M. Lerdo @ day or two since admitted that that was the only gal- vation ot the State, and spoke very approvingly of the ES recommended by the AgRALD, @reundle maa selected in the United States, and that he be autnor- ized to enlist volunteers for the liberal service, who sbould serve until the country was reduced and order restored in all the refractory States. Yet while he ad- mitted the necessity of tho policy, and tne good that ‘would result from it, he doubted if it could be made ac- ceptable to the nation, as the people here were opposed to soreign assistance. They are willing to be forced, but bea Bt not go into the voluntarily. They have a horror of all pri- ‘vate parties, and I may ray that they are justided io their Bvernion to indivioual efforts to ameliorate the country; ‘but they quietly loo to the day when our nation will take their case in hand ana constrain their demagogues and military adventurers to live in peace and respect of private Tights, This is their ultimate nope, and it is the fate to which they are resigned. Therefore, they will re Ject all overtures that may come from individual sources, for they feel that by azceoting thie lesser benefit they ‘endanger the consummation of the rr. It is under this view of the case that I anticipate the Spproaching crisis which may involve us ina war with Me . Since the evacuation of the country by General Scott leading men in Mexico have sougdt to brivg about nother war. The devign bas been wo force the United ‘States into a hostile course, with the view that when onco her troops had landed on itexican soil they would never Meave it ‘There is no other remedy for the violent death which the country ia tending to, and if it is not done, all Mexico ‘will suffer dismemberment into a8 many Staves as she now has provinces. 4y Tumors are current that one or two of the Covernors of the border States are meditating, wilt aliow them to stand neutrai plans of revoit which ‘untit the general contest is ended, In the meanwhile they Seize upon the receipts ‘assume the revolutionary right to the custom houses, which will i=] of quasi rebellion will end, eave the two factions now striving for ‘mastery iblic. every a in Mi oy Ebaseeiny to the help, and, while some are opposed interveotion ‘on our ar because they doles a thoroughly, still they fee! that it is inevitable, and that tt is the best thing for tho country. The war here has a to be of such a rancorous and unrelenting charac. r that no hope of a peace from within need be enter. tafved, and with tho introduction of Santa Anna into the country the conflict will not only grow more terribie, but It will grow less ai ious to our interests. Every senti and feeling of Santa Anna is opposed to us, and the ee belief and hope of the Americans hero is that br. ee will do something to preveut his entrance into In fact, tho country is reduced to that condition when abe most do something. That is tho end of all argument on that subject, She must do something. Her customs aro hypotbecated to pay foreign debts, her internal taxes are seized upon by the State or plundered by the officors , United States Der property ts worted away, and she has 00 way to x wor § WitbOuE aid from avrosd colar tb the treasory, without credit sad without me \o~ to otfer us security for money? She has on resources tbat Teen thnk of but to spyeal to tbe United States for peo Do) ry aid in ber prevent emergency ; aud thas soe 18 04 we.ting for «p offer 1 am satisfied, ‘The Mexican understands as wellas T dothut Mr M- Ls. came 10 this couatry for the doudle purpose of Fo ing old difficuities and arranging for a better stats of a. far8 i turvre. We require territory or we require Gon Tue'Gia) advantages, Now we csp obvi n either; 40) tie Question is, wDWh are we to Lake, OF are we bo Cor )Oe the tec? Toe pubdhe ese of the Unites S! turas to Northern Mexico, abd covets another alice of territary next to Arizona, which will give us tbe Gu.f of California, the port of Guaymas and the peniasula of Lower Calitor- wa ° I think thet Mr. McLane thinks—and I agree with bim—that it would be better to try commercial cveptayes atone than to bother ourselves wich such terriory ag Mexico would sel from her norsaern bouncary, AN coscurrent testimooy establisnes the ‘act that Arzona iteelf, and alt the adjacent, lands within tnree Duudred mules to the sould, are wor wu cet, «Xeept for mining smd grazing parpows; ant tney are aitnose wortblets for thes ; for they aro without Levigaolo rivere, ood it will require yeuré to build rail- reac. Therefore the conclusion is most sensible tha’ woo Lot need aay eveh country more hau we need commercial vite leges, ene Mle McLae will be sustained by the poo: De dt be departs from oUF traditional polity of ex caeioa, vd begovares for privieges that will remove the fettord trem our cormmercial advancement. Bot, as I eaid, wo an scquire either territory or privileges, provided’ we ook i the rigbt direction; and { think Mr. MoLage bag got scent of the negotianie ede of the question, Mr. McLane has the question inhis own hande, Be can either negotiate to buy the Isthmus or to make it free © commerce. The question with ut is one of dollars Ave we wiiling to pay for such advantages? AS I ead, Mexico must bave money, When the quetiog 18 tho: roughly ubderstood in Wasbington, ay it 18 ia Wall street, or us it is bere, there will be no farther dey in tue Meier Of negonation Delicacy is thrown away. Tho Mexicans 4 © Only waiting for our proposition, aud perbaos they need a hicue digplay of force to evable them to justify ‘\bemeelves before the pation, This isall. Let Mr Mo. Lans come out with bis proposal of #0 much mouey for she entire fetbmus Of fehuantepce, or 80 mucd less for 1.5 entire exemption from internal tariffs aad taxes; we can aiford 10 pay for exiber of them, and by suck a parconse to acquire the right to protect our citizens, whether thav Dave settled bere or whether they are travellers through the country. Admirai Marin, who bas the honor to command Mira- ton’s nevy, in #hich there is not a single vessel, and who cannot ciaitn @ single port in the republic, has declared the port of Tampico in a state of blockyde, aud i maxing efforts to procure vessels from Havana wo eaforce hie worthless manifesto. It is to be hoped Captain Turner, of the Sara'oga, will catch and hang nim to the higrest yarc- arm on the sloop. Ar an evidence of the want of confidence fe't among the merchants of Mexico in the capacity and st-eugtii of Mira. moo, they recently refused to accep: his off-r to guard a conducta of $4,000,000 to this city on the payment of eight per cent. on the amouat. Mr. McLane jg at the village of San Andres de Tuxtia, about two days’ ride from this place, where he Proposes: to make a stay of it during the sickly season. Our Minatitlan Correspondence, MivaTrLay, June 4, 1859, The Advance of Cobos—Instructions from the American Minister to the Consul— Victory,of Cobos at Tehuantepec— Anzicty on the Isthmus—Condition of the Republic—Arri_ val of McLeod Murphy—Affairs of the Trancit—Ameri. cans Prospecting—Gen. Degoado at Minatitlan—Nun- Arrival of the Coatzacoaleos, de., dc. The American Minister has intimated to the Consul at this place that Cobos, of Miramon’s party, was on the March to Oajaca, and might end by an attack on the Tran. sit route, either at this place or at the city of Tehuantepec, In the same letter he gives aesurance that a United States war steamer (either the Fulton or Water Witch) shall be sent to this place immediately on her arrival in the Gulf, Ihave just been shown a letter received yesterday by the steamer Suehil, from Tehuantepec, which represents ‘things as in a most gloomy condition. Gen. Cobos, at the head of 2,000 of the church party, is‘approaching the city of Oajaca by a forced march, having dofeated the Oaja- canese at the town of fehuepan in a pitched battle, which leaves the town at his mercy. It is highly probable he will advance upon the Isthmus immediately, in which event the resident Americans who bave sympathized with the liberals will be in great danger. Mr. McLane has already instructed Mr. Foster, our Con- ful a: Tehuantepec, to be on the lookout for Cobos, and to extend ali the protection in bis power to our citizous. Ba what can a single man do against tue infuriate wrath of vet of wretcnes actuated by a desire to plunder and urgot on to their work by religious fanaticism? Mr. McLane is expected to visit the Isthmue soon, if not immedwtely, in order to concoct some plan by which the progeriy aud persons of Americans here may be protested. fue people here look for an adjustment of this questiog soon, for the approach of Cobos wiih 2,000 men from Mexico bas unsettied ail the elements of prosperity, and made every American logecure in his lite or property. ‘The States of this republic resemble tus oid baronial system whieh prevailed in England at the time of King Jobn, with the exception that here tne barons are power- | fol over a people teobnically tree, whtie in England the barons were powerful over tlefs and villains. For in- btanve, in the State of Guerrero every Indian iw as free as be can be, yet Alvarez bas a kind of regal auttority in the State Which allows bim to put on the airs of a Warwick inthe public sffairs of this country.. He makes war or peeee according ax be chooses, assembles his leprous army just when he pleases, and marches them into what- ever State his wbim may direct. Now, I bave no enmity egainst Alvarez, for report speeks well of him asa man aad a Governor; but I oaly take his case as an example of the system that prevails here; for as Aivurez is in Guerrero, 80 18 Zamora in Vera truz, Vidaurri in Nuevo Leon and Coahuila, Castellanos in Chispas, and Garcia in famaulipas, Tre arrival of Mr, Murphy bas created considerable feeling of satiefaction here amongst the employ of the Tehuantepec Company, for although he ha@ not come out in an official capacity, yet his very presence seems to in- fuse confidence that the work isto be commenced in earnest. There hag been such an almost entire suspen- sion of operations here in connection with the ruilroad Seed maby unthinking people have become quite dissatis- ied. Tt is generally hoped, however, that Mr. Murphy will introduce a new system, and that ho will make some im. provements in the transportation department, which is very much open to some infusion of energy and responsi. binty. He bas gone across the us WIth & View to examine the port of Huatuico as a piace of deposit, and will report a plan of operations on his return to New Or- Jeans next month. The steamer Coatzacoalocs brought over a small stern wheel steamboat named the Allegneoy Bello, for u-e on the river between Minatitlan and Suchil in low water. She ig a very nico littie aff nd will fill her part of the work admirably if she « ver be got to going; but un. fortunately, on @ trial ‘rip iust week, ane broke ner shaft, and is now laid Up wailing for @ new one from the United 8. ‘There are several knocking around here who ‘re waiting for some opportunity to explore the head. waters of the Ospinapa river, where it 1s supposed valu- able deposits of gold will be found. The Iodians have coneiderable quantities of crude gold, but they refuse to tell where they get it, and the white folks are cot content to be kept in the cark on this subject. Several parties have been organized to “ prospect’? the country, bu: 80 far nothing has been done. By and by, however, some party will go up, and then I think the cry of gold be heard from this quarter in volume sofficient to take a few hundreds from Gotha:n. General Degollado ived here on the stenmer from Suchil yesterday, with Gen. Hernandez, Capt. avilez, Capt. Terris and others, from Acapuico en rows to Vern Cruz, They will remain here until an opportunity offers for him ‘go to Vera Cruz. Degollado has givea up all command in the army, and goes to Vera Cruz wo assume bis poeition in the Cabinet as Minister of War. He isa very inferior looking man, but as it is unjust to measure capacity by the ®)ze of the man, I leave you to make up your opipion from his career, His doings, I think, cor- respond with his personal appearance, The steamer Coatzacoaicos Cid not arrive here at all this trip, and the Catfornia mail from San Francisco was the only one to come through. What could have hap: pened to the steamer no ove conjectures here, but your readers Will be informed before this reaches you. NEWSPAPER ACCOUNTS. [Corretpondence of the New Orleans Picayune } Vara Crvz, June 6, 1859. The civil war continues, and enclosed you will tind the authentic documents by which tw trace its devastating course. The sacaing of Morelia, by Marquez, is but an incident. We do not, indeod, as Iam well assured, even hear of one tenth of che atrocities committed tn tho inte- tior, Nor could we. All regular communication with the capital is cut o7; besides, people are afraid to wri opon euch things, a8 their leiters are frequently seized, and they would psy the penaity with their lie, “All inter: change of goods from thig port has been prohibitet; but ae the clergy government bas neither head nor tai!, por- | mits to geveral houges have boen granted, stipulating ihe customary duty of 26 per cent, with the ony condition, to be paid in advance. Large lots of goods left thie city io Consequence, and now we bave rumors that ltubies will cot allow them to pass Jalapa, unieas they pay him an ad- ditional 60 per cent, which, however, I stili hope may not be true, as, by #0 doing, he would not only rebel against ‘the orders of his superior, but put bimself below the bigbway robber, who, at least, riaks his life wo obtain otber people’s property. Tam very much afraid that tho assassinations of Mar. quez will be continued. Woe to ihe English merchants who signed the representation againgt the Cacubaya mas- sacre, if he should come back to tlexico, the pro- tection their Minister would extend to them everybody May anticipate It is confirmed that Zuazua has been named Goneral in- Chief ofthe army of the North, which brings under his oe and algo the States of San Luis, Aguascalientes, Guanejuato and Zacatecus. As tbe march of Gon. Woll (the woman whipper) against San Luis and Tam) a ratous left our aeP0O) 18 Row an ascertained fact, tho Sa t yesterday for the latter port, warther tbe Fulton, om her arrival, will follow her. Bai perhaps Tore vereeis will be needed, as perbaps nothing short of an interference by force may he required. The Brooklyn has also 60n0 on a cruise along tho const, PRICE TWO CENTS. spd Mr. McLane on board of her, to be absent a fow days out of our hot climate. Vana Crvz, May 26, 1859 The m‘nisters of Miramon bave at last forma iy desvied OD a» expedition, under the command of Cobos, wo tagul» the State of Oazace and the Isthmus of Tenuaat pec. Che press m Mexico 1 favoring the project, and point oat (he bepefis that may be derived from kuch ao eaterprise in glowing and bombestic paragraphs. The Tebuantepec people—t. ¢., the inhabitants of the Village of Tebuantepec—are most y Spaniards, and Dever were vader obedience to the Juarez government, compelled by a force from Oajaca or @ garrison of ihe Pa uicios Juchitun Indians, ‘The pian Of the church party to sead an expsiition to there regions may, therefore, od favor with the whebt- tants of Tehusntepec, thouyn al! she surrouudiog countries, as well_as the Stete of Oaxaca, wili be deadly opposed to aby uitempt of the kind, and defend their ground to the utm ort. ‘The news rescbed here thie moruiog thas Zulonge and his friends Miranda and Juregu nave been arrested and thrown into prion, by orter of Miramon—the Britien Legation not being any longer @ place of refage for Zulowga. The long pent up war between the leaders hay iben broken out openly, Newe also reached us this morning that Gen. Woll, oa bis march to Tampico, retraces bis steps when withia ex leagues of Tampico showing bimeelf as grea’ a coward ae Viruinon when at the same distance frou Vers Cruz. We have pothing further from the iuterior, nor of the whereabouts of the aesaggm Murquey Mejiz, ana otbers, Mixarrrean, June 3, 1859. As you already doubtless have inte'lgence, Miramon bee, by epecial cecree, restored the ex Dictator, Santa Anua, to bis rank, title and property, and has esac General Woll to take Tampi in order that Santa Aona may be admitted to Mexico by that port, But Woil nas received a check, and as the liberals bold so much of the surroun Jing country, it would be difficult for Santa Anas to penetrate to the capital, even should he get to Tampico; vo tbat though Miramon may bave thought it good polloy toco whathe has Cone for Santa Anua, his sincerity is doubted in regard to his wishing to restore Santa anna w full power. Toe serious dissensiovs which bave long existed inthe ravks of the churen party at the capital, have ut last broke out into open warfare, and Mirumon has ordered the arrest ct Zoloaga, Padre Miranda and Jarrgul, for conspiriag bgeicet him and attempting a revolt, ‘The expedition of oboe (to the Isthmus of Tehuante- pec) bas alresdy made its appearance at Uajaca, where it bus gained some advantages, and it is thought by many that the city iteclf is in caoger; but this is improbanle. If, however, it should fall into’ the hands of the church party, an expedition will be immediately started thence for the Ietbmus of fehvantepec, now entirely beld by the liberal party. Cobos’ force is said to number some 2,000 men. In cate of bis success, the Transit, and the work on tbe route, would of course be interrupted, and the Ameri- cans retident bere be in need of protection for their per- fous and interests. Tt is important thst an American ebip of war should be stationed at either end of the route. Among the passengers by the Jaet trip from Ventosa, were Gen. Degollaco, Secretary of War, Gen. Marin, Gen. Hernandez, Capt. avilez, Capt, Terris, and others, from Acapulco, en route to Vera Cruz. P.S—At the last momenta report reaches us thet a general engagement had taken place near the city of Osja- ca, and that Cobos bad been defeated; but I am unable to verify the statement. Besides, it is cousidered by those ‘Dest conversant with affairs, as impossio!e. The Public Heaith. MEETING OF THE HEALTH COMMISSIONERS—THREE VESSELS FROM CURACOA ANNOUNCED—THE DUTY OF HEALTH WARDBN3, ETC. The Commissioners of Health met yesterday, with aful! Board. The arrivals at Quarantine of the brigs Ida D. Rogers, Flying Eagle and Eagle, from Curacoa, with rags and goat tking, were reported by tho Health Officer. Their cap- tains report the city of Curacoa healthy, and as tho Com- missioners were not in possession of any information showing it to be a sickly port, the vessels, which had been detained, received permits to come up to the city and dis- charge. The City Inapector presented several reports of nui- gances, which were ordered on file, STATEMENT OF THE PROGRESS OF THE STREET CLRAN- 1N@ FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JUNE 18, 1859. Loads of dirt, Paid for Hnem manure ai Sweeping Ww Bleyed. Days wore. ashes, Cartage. 1 5 78M 606 $263 15 48 416 146 83 20 12% 610 257 983g 60 17 208 67 4935 761 211 18 4436 699 197 79 53 829 282 40 5296 752 228 34 834 895 282 Buby 28 8935 eon 261 08 3 14% — 69 6234 23 623g 489 221 13 13 39 446 175 50 pr 9036 1,219 405 03 24 = 105 1 301 92 7 33 "4 30 8635 1,076 402 35 % =—-W33g az. 497 65 20 bo 732 257 1234 Total....348 118934 13,966 ‘$4,880 77 * Cleaned by special contract. ‘The bill of fifteen dollars, charged by J. B. Kennedy for removing the uuisance at No. 49 Bowery, was ordered | to be paid. City Inspector Delavan requested the opinion ot tho Board in reference to the sale of unwholesome meat and the duty of the Health Wardens regarding it. to seize bad meat and remove it to the offal depot, and also that the inspectors of meat ehouid bo practical ‘butchers. A complaint was received agsinst Casey’s slaughter houte, in Ninth avenue, between Fifty-secoad and Fifty- third streets, and it was referred to the City Inspector, ‘This nuisance bas been complained of frequently on other occasiong, and last summer it was brought befure the no tice of the Board two or three times. A cowmunication was received from Dr. Couterat, call- ing the attention of the Board to his disinfecting agents. ‘The matter was referred to the City Inspector, The New City Inspector. City Inspector Delavan has entered upon the responsi- ble duties of his office in such a manner as to warraut tho belief that in a short time the city of New York will be Qs Clean as any city in the Union. Yesterday afternoon he summoned all the Health Wardens to meet him at his office at twoo’clock, on matters of business. At the appointed hour all thore officers, with the exception of two or three detained at home by sickness, assembled in the In. spector’s office, when they were individually introduced to Mr, Delavan, by Richard C. Downing, the Superinten- dent of Sanitary Inspection. Mr. Delavan said, in enter- ing upon his official duties, he felt that great responsibility rested upon him, and his object in calling them together ‘was to state to them fairly, frankly and unequivocally the course he intended to pursue. They were well aware that their immediate duties pertained to the health and cleanliness of the city of New York—a city contain- ing at least eight hundred thousand inbabitants. In the discharge of the multifarious duties of his office it be- hooved him tocall together his subordinates to imprees upon their minds the great necesaity of keepin, this, the great commercial emporium, whose commerce Sonours to million of dollars, in a cleanly condition; and he would de- pend upon them, in a great measure, to carry out ihe laws end ordinances relative to the public health. To do this etlectually it required system, promptness and perfect im- partiality. He entered upon his duties, not with the inten- Uon of discharging them from office, but to require from. them the capacity to act with that determination of pur- pose that would make them useful publi¢ officers. He ‘would require of them daily reports of nuisances, such as unclean streets, by ways or alleyways, siaughter houses, pools of sagnent Water, dead animals in the stroetz, and such other evils detrimentai to publie hea'ta, They would ‘also be required to examine into the sanitary condition of tepant heuses; examine the alates at the several station houses kept for the purpose of entering complaints, and twice a week (Wednesdays and Saturdays) to report in writing the true condition of their districts. He cailed their attention, also, to the quality of the meats, fish and vegetables gold in the streets by pedlerg. ani inthe mar- kets. He paid he believed that the bills of mortality in New York had been in agreat measure augmented in times past by the eating of cheap aad unwholesome 5 To this eubject he would call their cepecial attention. He w days printed copies of instructions would to them, to which he expected a strict ad- herence. He suggested that any of them that feit them- selves unwilling or incapable to discharge their datics in the manner be had mentioned should send im their ro- sigpations, Se Supreme Court—Chambera, Before Hon. Judge Roosevelt. Jone 20.—John Kempston vs, the Brooklyn Railroad Co.— There is no reason, in the convenionce of witnesses or otherwise, for changing the place of trial. T> grant tho Proeent motion to change, when it is sure to be ‘followed immediately by @ counter motion, and order to restore, would be an idle ceremony, Notion of dans denied, without cesta. ions — Supreme Court, Before Hon. Judge Sutherland. Ten 20.—Henry Wood vs. Geo. N. He } otherwise Geo. Christy. —Tho defendant is fined $35 for contempt of Court in disregarding an injunction enjoining him from giViDg Any performances within one hundred miles of this city delore the firet of November next, contrary to an agreement o that effect which he, had made with Mr. Obituary, Anpret. Darcy CRoseman, ex Mayor of New Orleans, died in that city on the 18th instant. Wr. Crossman was born in Maine t 1803. Ho held the office of Mayor of New Or- Jeans for thiee terms, Toe Board | é concurred in the opinion that {t isthe duty of the Wardens | unless it should nominate Judge Douglas. Politica! Intelligence. Tur Great Iseurs AND ivaoNs oF PARtiES.—The nig- ger is the foundation ston: of almost every question which divides and subdivides ty ol tical parties of the preseut day. The almighty doliar, it is raid, wields an wiluence which guides and cootrss everything; but it 1s the aimighty nigger which is the mainspring of poli- tical organizations, aod which now agitates the upiess | Country from its co:flees to the centre, Popular sovereignty, free Kansas, Congressional Intervention and State rights, all and each branch from the one prolific question of slavery in the South. And on these issues the leaders o the same party tn different soc- tions of the Union, and in somo cases in the exme locality, take opposite grounds, For instance, in Kentusky we find the democratic party divided on popular sovereign- ty—oue branch claiming tbat Covgress bas no right to ia- verfere with the “peculiar institution’? in the Territories but that it should be left entirely to the people to decide upen for themselyee; and the other insisting tha it is the duty of Congress to legislate for the pro- tection of all kinds of property in the Territories; and the opposition in that State are strongly in favor of the latter doctrine, In Maine and [ilivois, Douglas’ Territorial gove- reignty hobby is the rage among the democracy, to the exclusion of almont every other question, while tho de- mocrats of the South take the other side, and support the right of Congressional intervention and the power of the constitution, in accordance with the Dred Scott decision. In Virgivia the democrasy are divided much the same as they are in Kentucky, but the lines have not yet been so strongly drawo. The republicans are also cut up upoo these same igsues. In New York, Ohio and the Eastern States black republicanism is little better than aboli- tionism, because the abolition party, with Gerrit Smith at the head, was completely swajiowed up by the former in 1888, through the brutal and bieody manifesto of Wm. H. Seward. Tho ultra republicans in the North and West, with Seward, Weed, Greeley and Governor Chase at their head, uphold the psfncipie ‘that Congress bas power over the question of slavery, and planting themselves upon the Philadelphia platform, de- mand Congressicnal intervention to the extent of forcing slavery from the Territories. In Kansas and No- braska republicaviem falls back upon “squatter sove- reignty.” In those Territories the Nebraska Dill is the basis of their platform, and @ plain de- Dial of the right of Congress to interfere with the question of siayery, one way or the other, is the burthen of their creed. Greel: » went on a pilgrimage to Kansas for the pur- pose cf turning this popular idea in that Territory, which wa running counter tothe main principles of black republi- caniem in the North, but his attempt was vain. He suc- ceeded in winning over a few to his side, but thoy only succeeded in making « little commotion in the Ossa- wattomie Convention which inaugurated the party. ‘When the question was taken to decide for or against the principle of popular sovereignty as the leading measure of republicanism, the affirmative was so strong that the negative vote was not counted. Besides these differences of opinion, the democrats are divided in the South on the right of the States to secede from the Union when they ‘become dissatisfied, and on the question of the reopening of the African slave trade; and at the North the opposi- tion allies have fallen out on the principle of allowing nig- gers to vote, and extending the time now prescribed by law to render foreigners qualified to exercise the right of suffrage. The question ariges, how these antagonistic opinions and principles in the ranks of the democracy, as well as the opposition, are to be brought to harmonize in 1860. If thege divisions go on as they have commenced, ‘and are allowed to widen, and the distinctive lines are permitted to strengthen with time, there will be some hot work in the President-making Conventions of next year, such perbaps as has never before been seen. Tho Prospect looks threatening. Kxow Nomuncisa 1x New Jursey.—The American party of New Jersey held a Convention in New Branswick on the 26th instant, and, by reeolutions unanimouely pissed, declared that the American organization throughout the State and Union ought to be maintained as a national po i- tisal party, and recommending the party to resume its proper legitimate position of independence. Tnis would look very bold en the part of the Know Nothings, and probably would elicit admiration for the exhibition of a determined spirit, wore it not that the next resowtion 1 calls for a State Convention ef the party to be held in Trenton on the 7th of September next, the very time and 140 0234 | place for the holding of the Republican State Convention. This has a suspicions appearance, to say the least, and curious people might be induced to asic if it is no: their wish to sell out, why do they propose to carry their cab.~ ‘bages and carrots to market on marketday? If they are worth two cents the republicans will have them, and they know it. Doveias AND THE CHARLESTON ConvENTION.—The Baflalo Republic, which has the Douglss colors flying, is unwilling to be bound by the action of the Obarleston Convention, It says that ‘things will not be dene “‘on the square.” The idea that the democratic masaes have any voice in naming candi. dates is, the Republic eays, ‘alle farce.” Senator Dong- Jas is the only man who can carry New York againet tho republicans. The nomination of Governor Seymour, it adds, will throw the State intothe hands of the opposition, Discostentep Buack REPCBLICANS,—A number of the re- Publican journals in Connecticut are pitching into their party in round terms. They do not like the way things are managed, which is not at all surprising. Here is what the Winsted Herald says:— Without professing t> speak for any one but ourself in the premises, we confess we are reaty und willing to soe a democratic Legislature in Connecticut—if all the repubii- can Legislatures must be like those of the past turee or four years. The perty is weakened and the State not ecesen- tially benefitted Vaca performances; and if we could ‘be assured of our Congressional represeata ion, the demo- Whe Yacht Club Ocean Sweepstakes. THE BLOCK ISLAND COURSR ABANDONSD—THB FIVE FATHOM LIGHTSHIP COURSK ADOPTRD—POSTPONE- MENT OF THE TIME FOR THE RB@ATTA—YACHTS ENTERED. The New York Yacht Club, at its last meeting, aban- doned the proposed regatta course around Blook Isiand, and decided to adopt the course proposed by the Hmxatp, from Owl’s Head round the Five Fathom Lightebip and back. The time was also postponed from June 28 to July 20, partly to secure @ moonlight night, partly to afford a Detter opportunity for more entries, and mainly to avoid the necessity of taking up the yachte more than once be- fore the annosl regatta whicn usually comes off at New- port. The following bes been issued by the committee:— Course from off Owl’s Head, L. L., around buoy of the Southwest Spit to light boat on tive faibom bank, off Capo May, thence roturnieg around buoy of the South weat Spit and back to Ow!'s Head. Schoorere of lst and 2d class to sail in one class. Sioope of 1s class to sail in ove class. Sloaps of 24 and 3d class to sail in one class. Subscription $66 each yacht. Eatries to close on Mon- aay. July 18, at 10 A. M. ils to be carried in conformity to tho rules of the Cleb, and no allowances of time to be given. Two entries in each class will be uecessary to make a race in that class. The time of starting and the sailing directions will be published by the Regutta Committee, under whose direc- tion the race is to be conducted, ¥ Sabecription list at the oifice of the Secretary, No. 5 Pine street. The following yachts bay Schooner Favorite, The Rebecca has not yet been formally etered, but un- doubdtedly will be, as eoon as her owner, Mr. James G. Bennett, Jr., returns from his present cruise. City Intelligence. DrowninG Casvatry.—On Sunday afternoon, while a party of gentlemen were returning from the Fishing Banks ina sail boat, one of the party, named G. Van Sausten, in changing his position from one part of the few inches in height, very stout built and dark com- Oark pants. Any intelligence of the recovery of the body at the office of the New York men of his acquaintance to havo a sail on the North river. proceeded as tar as Weehawken fe: which at the same croft calied for her to come to him it is became frightened or took a cramp. against them it was found impossib!e to reach him found yesterday morning. The deceased was nineteen years old, a native of London, England, and bad only been im this country seven months. Tne accident occurred about two o’clock in the afternoon. While he was strug- gling in the water his companions threw an oar w him Dut he did not succeed in catching hold of it. boat to the other, fell overboard and was drowned. Tho deceased was twenty-seven years of age, five feet and a plexion. He had ona black corduroy hunting coat and of deceased will be thankfully jemegh a by Joseph Elliott, DeatH sy Dsowxtnc.—On Sunday afternoon a young man named Charles J. Bycroft, who was boarding at 116 Thompson street, went in company with two other young ‘They started from the foot of Christopher street, and bad seen tyne aac, c)uded to bathe, and for that jam ie x instant appears to have beca strack with a squall. The boat drifted up the river, and as By- he either The other young men exerted themselves to come with the boat to his assistance, but she was a bad sailor, and the wiud being he sank. After searching in vain for him for ‘some time they returued to the city, and his body hed not been TruaL or Stmam Manuartay Fink Enaixge No, 8,—Yes- terday afternoon the new fire engine for Manhattan Com- pany No. 8 had a public trial at the Franklin street Liber- ty Pole, which was attended with a great deal of suc- THE WAR IN EUROPE. Importance of the Cyrol—the Hungarian Movement, &o., &e., &. THE TYROL. THE RECENT MOVEMENT IN THK TYROL—ITS MILITARY IMPOKPANCE—D6SCRIPTION OF THS TYROL—INTE- RESTING HISTORY OF 1T—WHY IT I3 FRIENDLY TO AUSTRIA—THE VALOR OF THE TYROLESB BOTH MEN AND WOMEN—HEROISM OF HOPER—THE MI- LANESE INSURGENTS IN TH& TYROL IN 1848—waY VERONA 18 SO IMPORTANT IN A MILITARY SENSE By the news of the batt!c of Magenta, which we pub lished yesterday, it is slated in a despatch from Vienne that “through the opportune arrival of the corps d’arme of Field Marsbal Clum-Gallas on the battle field, the Aus- trian were victorious alter a hot fight, and the French Were thrown back over the Ticino.” By previous news. from Europe we hed learned that these troops, forty thousand strong, bad been despawhed by way of Munich, in Bavaria, to occupy the Tyrol, that great natural for- ress of Austria, projecting like a wedge into Italy, be- ween Lomberdy aud Venetia, with the fortress of Verona at tis foot, In order to. deceive, 1 was stated that this body of men were sent to protect Germany from French invasion through the passes of the Tyrol. In commenting on the news, one of the French papers remarked that this was ® violation of the neutrality of Bavaria, and an un- opposed passage of these troops through her territory made her a partyto the war. The journal further re- marked that the real object of this corps was to pounce upon the rear of the French and Sardinian armies so soon as they had advanced sufficiently far into the Austrian Provinces. By the present news it is very obvious what the object was, and their opportune arrival on the battle field at Magenta, after the fight had begun, accounts for the obstinacy of the conflict and great loss of life. , They must have made rapid marches in order tobe so promptly on the ground. Their shortestZroute, in though, perhaps not in time, would have been by the Stelvio page, which, however, would, have brought them into close proximity with Garibaldi and the insurgent Valtelline. Their most secure road was by the Brenner pass to Verona, whence the railroad could take them almost to the field. No doubt Clam-Gallas (left bebind him a etrong force in the Tyrol to take care of the passes. Further, the operations of Garibaldi’ in the , Vaitelline, besides beiug revolutionary, have also, it is believed, some reference to the neighboring Tyrol and its passes, which it would be so important to secure. A description and history of the Tyrol will therefore be appropriate at the present time. Formerly the Tyrol was distinct from the Voralberg, which adjoms it to the west, and is separated from it by & lofty ridge cailed the Eagle’s Mountains. Now the Vo. Taiberg is wweorporated with the Tyrol and is known asa province of the latter. The Tyrol is an extensive and very mountainous coun- try, inferior to none in Earope for grand and romantic fcenery, extending from Italy to Germany, and from Carinthia to the Swiss Grisons. It has its name from the castle of Tyrol, situated on @ mountain nar Merau. It comprises about 10,000 square miles, Across the chain of the Alps, from Innspru:k to Trect, it measures 70 miles. The Tyrolese are chiefly of German origin, and their cess. There were about two thousand persons present, among them many leadi members of the Fire Depart- ment. The eteata eb ines wien js only about seven or eight feet in length, and arranged soasto be drawn by hand, reached the ground abouséix o’clock. At balf past six o’clock they commenced sre up, aod in eignt minutes had fifteen pounds of steam. A length of nose, filty feet, having been attached, with 134 inch nozle, the’ foliowing was the time occupied in raising steam, the number of pounds used and the distance of water thrown tnrough the above sized nozle:— country has been called the “German Switzerland,” be- ing, im respect of its physical ‘eaturer, a continuation of that country. There are about. 200,000 Italians in the southern part of the country. The population, which in 1860 was 899,788, is now about a million, and is nearly aly Catholic. A very emall portion of the pepulation is col- lected in towns, as Innspruck, the capital, contains only about 10,000 inhabitants, and Trent 12,000. The later is play ing was about thirty minutos. city. our and engines, and cost avout $4,500. used is Said to be Diae hundred pounds to the. will never be necersary to excesd two bindr for general use. in charge of Company No. 8, and will be ready for duty this evening. Execrioy ov Frevp OFvicers oF tux Sevesry-Nixta Rect- mest, FiGuLaNp GvaRb.—At the election of the fleld offi cers of the Highland Guard Regiment, held at Coarad’s Hotel, Eighty-sixth street, last evening, Brigadier General Ewen presiding, assisted by Brigade Major Taylor and Col. Bostwick, Thos. W. M. Leary was unanimously elected Colonel, and Sainuel McKenzie Elliott Lieutenant Colonel. The election of Major was postponed for a Cuture occa- sion. After the ciection was over Captain Masoa moved, in very feeling language, a vote of thanks to General Ewen for hie sympathy for the organization. General Ewen replied. Captain McGuilry moved a vote of thanks “tiger.” Mejor Taylor replied in suitable terms. ‘Tum Twaurm Reomcext.—The Twelfth Regiment, Inde- pendence Guard, make an afternoon parade to-day, and the City Hall, at about nalf-past four o’clock. Mnurary Parape.—The New York Light Guard (Seven ty-first regiment), Captain Garland, will celebrate their thirty-second anviversary to-day, by an excursion to ana dinner at Chestnut Grove, Staten Island. The company rats might have the State and welcome, at least loog enough to try what they can do, Caxprpargs FoR ConGREss Iv Kextucky.—The following is.» list of the candidates in nomination in Kentucky for representatives to Congress:— Democrats. 1—Benry C. Burnett. = ete 2—Samuel O. Peyton. James S. Jackson. 3—W. W. Sale. F. M. Briston, 4—James 8. Chrisman. William C. Anderson. 5—John Young Brown. = e— Green Adams. 7—Thomas H. Holt. Robert Mallory. 8—William E, Simms. John M, Harlan. 9—James W. Moore. * Laban T. Moore. 10—Jobn W. Stevenson, Thomas L. Jones. In the First district Oscar Turner, democrat, is running as an independent candidate, as is also Stephen F. J Tra- bue, K. N., im the Sixth, Dickrvson aT THE Sours.—The possibility of the nomi- nation of Senator Douglas at Charleston, extreme Southern journals are prepared to bolt. The Charleston News indi- cates ex-Senator Dickinson, of this State, as its man in such an emergency :— Let it be presumed that thi event occurs. Ifthe South- ern democrecy submits to it, still Douglas could not bo elected, as he could not carry more thaa two or three of the Northern States, and baif of the Southern States would either withhold from bim their votes or throw them in favor of any reliable third candidate who was started. If, for insance, Dickinson, of New York, was united with a strong Soul stateeman, such as Sevator Brown, for President and Vice President, the ticket would carry nearly every Southern State, and possibly some of the Northern States. N A Sovrigrn ConrEDERACY.—The Columbia South Caroli- nian talks to the fire-eaters about Southern confede- racy in the following conciliatory spirit :-— The Camden Journal, in noticing our comments con- cerpingthe democratic party, hopes that wnen we despair of a tritmph of the party we will go for a Southern con- federac. Now we must say to our cotemporary that we believethe North has just as little idea of doing anything that would drive the South out of the Union as the Soath has of be? out of itfrom past grievances. Wo, therefore, do not st this time contemplate any sach thing, and ao not shepe our policy with reference to it. It is true our Niticitns now and then declaim about it, but we have at siice ceased to be agitated by their alarmsounds. We ook over the confederacy and see none of that violent litical commotion which presages convulsion and revola- tion. Wo seo parties struggling for power and politicians ecrambling for place, bamboozling the people with imagina- ry waves, and depicting war clouds in the distance always; but we see no signs of such a revolution og the dissolution of the Union, and therefore do not believo that the over- throw of democracy is going to be the overthrow of the Union, But the government will stilt be controlled by some y. We then inquire, what kimd of a party is it ikely to be? Will it be an extreme Southern party? Will it go for the slave trade, for a Congressional Territorial siavery code, and for unrestricted filibusterism? Not likely to; for these very issues are the source of the in- firmytes of the democratic bgt A Will it be an anti- slavery party? No; tor then it would get no Southern sup- port. lt must look for support to the Contral States, both sinveholding and non-slavebolding, and looking for sup- rt there, it will not be difficult to determine what will © its platform of principles. The democratic party may fall back and pro-occupy the grousd which such a new party would take; but even uit would be anew party witban old name. It is true Boyce and Mr. Bonhazn fee gloomy times abead. We ace nothing bui the signs of party reformation, will leave the city at ten o’clock A. M., by the boat from the foot of Whitehall street. AccipenT To 4 Mure.—Last evening a doaf and dumb man, named John 0. Maley, while in aatate of intoxica tion attempted to climb to the mast head of a brig lying at pier 44 North river. He had reached the fore yard, when losing his bold precipitated toward the deck, but striking the ri his body glanced off. and coming in contact with ihepati, fell into the , and before assis. tance could be rendered be was drowned. His body was soon after recovered, conveyed to the Eghth ward station house and the Coroner notified. The deceased recently came from Liverpool, and was in search of employment. AxraurTsD Sviciox.—A young man named Gerrahty at. tempted suicide last night by swallowing an ounce o° arsenic. He was discovered at his residence, No. 55 Bax ter street, and removed to the New York Hospital, where the physicians gave him a powerful emetic and removed the poison. Gerrahty says that his uncle beat him, and assigned that as a cause for the attempted suicide. Firgs.—At one o’clock yesterday morning a fire occur red in the woodshed and privy attached to No. 78 Sheriff street. Damage slight. Supposed to be the work of de- sign. Aboutetght o’clock last night a fire occurred in the biacking factory of Pinckney & Richards, Nos. 7 and 9 ‘Fifth street, but being discovered at an early moment the flames were soon extinguished. Damage $50. No alarm was given by the bells, and tho origin of the fire is not known. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Having noticed in your paper of yesterday that myzelf and brother had followed Mr. Mulligan for the purpose of quarreling with him, please correct the error. To the contrary, I have always avoided his company, or coming in contact with him, and shall always. Yours, respect. tully, JOHN MaTHEWs. Naval Intelligence. The following additional officers have been ordered to the flag ship Congress Captain, L. M. Goldsborough; Surgeon, L. B. Hunter (ilect surgeon); Passed Agsistant opt Edward Shippen, and Assistant Surgon, Joseph . Grafton. ‘The United States ship Powhatan was at Penang on the 22d April; officers and crew all well. Tho officers were hogpitably entertained by the foreign residents, ¢ following vessels will take out letters, and parcels to the different squadrons :—The Hardord isto sail in about eight days for the East Indies. As she gocs via the Pacific, communications for both tequadrons, if addressed *Care of Commandant, Navy Yard, Oharies. town, Boston, Mags.,’” will be gratuitously forwarded. ‘Tho San Jacinto is tosail from Brooklyn about the SOth June, or sooner, for the coast of Africa; the frigate Sabine is to pail also from Brooklyn in a few days for the Gul of Mexico; and the steamer Lancaster is to sail from Phila- delphia in a few days for the Pacific. A Usirep Srares Dercory Marsan Tunvep Ovr ov Cnurca.—A Zanesville, Obio, correspondent of the Columbus Statesman writ Ezekiel T, Cox nas been for upwards of twenty years e member of standing in what is called the Market Street Baptist church, of Zanes- ville, Ohio, and bas resided upwards of forty years in and near that city. Ho bas been United States Deputy Marehal for the Southern District of Onto for the last year or two, and bad the fugitive, Coarley Jackson, recently arrested by virtue of a warrant in bis hands. In conse- quence of Mr. Cox’s action in this matter, the above church resolved, among other things, that he“ had parti- cipated in the fugitive slave qase in a manner wholly un- warranted by tae word of God, and by 80 doing had grieved his brethren tu the church, and brought distonor upon the cause of Christ and the church of which he is a member,” Ws rds tried, throagh which stream was thrown over the liberty cap, a distance of two bundred and five feet. The amount of water used in one minute was about 500 gallons, and tne time occupied in Tue Manhattan was built by Lee & Larned, at the Novelty lron Works, in this it is the first ono of this class that bas been bailt in New York, and is calculated to meet wita considerable favor, especialiy by the fromen, as it ts to be drawa by hand, and wii] require the same number of men as one of Its weight i¢ u little over 5,000 pounds, ‘Too emount of steam taat cat bs but it powate It is intended to place her immediately © Mejor tae euen was given with a will and a will be reviewed by his Honor Mayor Tiemann, in front of did not people until the oath of fealty had been taken by the. four Innspruck. ceremony, and took posession of the country by a set of French commissionera, The Estates remonstrated, and the ew monarch answered them with gracious Promises. At last the, constitution of the Tyrol was abolished by a royal ordonnance, and the country deprived of ita very name by its subdivision into the circles of the Ton, the Eisach aad the Etech, upder which denominations it was incorporated into the Bavarian monarchy. When war again com- menced, in 1809, between Austria and France, the Tyro- lesa, under the command of the gallant Hofer, took arms to emaccipate themselves from the Bavarian yoke, and were for a time eminently successful, till, deprived of Aus- trian aid by the defoat of Wagram and the armistice whieh followed, they were left to maintain the contest alone, and alter a brave but meffectua! resistance they were compelled to yield to the power of Bavaria aided by he numerouy Meee. Pounds of Scam. Hight, | the place were the celebrated Catholic Council of Trent. 8 +15 50 feet. | was held. The chief wealth of the peopie, as in Switzer- ~~ “| tana, consists in their cattle and other live stock. The 170 « | transit trade between Germany and Italy occupies a large 185 «| portion of the population. Many of the inhabitants emigrato to neighboring countries as laborers, like the Irish. They are hardy and brave, and are celebrated for their use of the rifle, In the present war they have aiready distin- guished themselves for their deadly aim. The Tyroi is one of the most ancient posseesions of the House of Aus- tria, and bas aiways been very loyal to it. One reason is—this province enjoys more liberty than any’ other por- tion of the Austrian dominions. The mountaineers have nothing of which they can be robbed by the central pow- er, and they havea National Diet of their own, composed Of the nobility, clergy, and deputies of the towns and rura districte, who meet in one camber. After tho Reformation the Tyrsiese were persecuted on account of their creed, and many of them, rather than conform by compu sioa tothe «s sblished religion, left the country which they 80 passionately loved. Crafty Aus- tria soon perceived that it was her interest to Pursue a milder policy; freedom of conscience was allowed, and the Tyrolf&e peasantry were more lightly taxed than any other of the Austrian subjects, The Tyrol, therefore, is almost the only corner of the dominions of Austria. where people with all the love of liberty have remained Feally attachod to the dynasty of Hapsburg. Daring the Succession war the French entered the Tyrol on one side ‘and the Bavarians on another, at a time when there were no troops to defend the country; but the peasants blocked the passes, broke down the bridges, and prevented their junction, nor was a single man found who could be bribed to carry intelligence fram one army to the other, impossi- bie as it was to guard all the passes among the mountains, In 1744 this country again became tae seat of war, and the French, at that time in alliance with Pragsia and Bava- ris, invaded it, The people rese ina mass—a chaia of fire along the mountains was the signal of insurrection—the Women drove away the cattle into the recesses of the frozen mountains, and the men, supplying the want of can- non with the trunks of trees hooped with iron, compelled the French to retire. The Tyrol resisted the French in the wars with Austria, in Germany and Ttaly, which fol. lowed after the first French Revofation, and sometimes de. feated them with great slaughter. Ite great natural strength, consisting of its mountainous character and nar- row defiles, enabies a small ody of men to resist a large force, Butthe genius of Nepoleon I. triumphed alike over Rataral obstacles and the strategy of ordinary generals. By the moet extraordinary daring, ia 1796, he gained pos- session of the defiles of tho Tyrol, and beat Warmser with his Austrians out of their stronghold, whither thoy had fled after losing 20,000 men. Bat this was the exception to the rule, and the Tyrolese, whom Napoleon had conciliated during his own presence, after- ‘wards arose and drove out Vaubois whom he had left Dehind to guard it. In 1797, when Bonaparte was adding conquest to conquest, they rose en mase, and descending like @ torrent from their native mountains, drove the French out of their country; and had not tho Austrian Emperor, Francis, been terrified into the treaty of Leoben by the menaces of Bonaparte, who well knew the danger ef his own situation, the French General and his army, en- tangled in the defiles of the Styrian Mountains, mighs taen have been dertroyed, as the Tyrolese had made them- selvee masters of Verona at the foot of their mountains, and were joined by all the neighboring mountaineers to the number of 60,000 men. In 1797 they drove Massena, with jgreat slaughter, outof the Voralberg (the moun- tainous country west of the Tyrol proper, but now official ly incorporated with it); and in 1801 and 1805 they were also successful, particularly in 1805, when thoy thrice defeated Ney and the Bavarians. By the treaty of Presburg, in January, 1806, their country was delivered up to Napoleon’s Bavarian ally, with the stipulation that their ancient privileges should be preserved to them, By the constitution of the Tyrol the sovereign acquire a right to the allegiance of the Estates, convened in full assembly at The Bavarian gevernment Reglected this