The New York Herald Newspaper, May 2, 1859, Page 1

| WHOLE NO. 8275. IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE. Arvival of the Bremen with Ore Day Later News. The Italian Question Ful'y Ventil-.ted in the British Parliament, Interesting Speeches of Lord, Derby, Earl of Majmesbury, Lord Clar‘saden, visraeli, Lord Palmerston and Lsrd John Rassell. Threatened Disruption of tte Alliance Between France and Bnsland, Inevitabilitys ef a General Eu- ¥fgpean War. Appeals ¢,f Bngland to the Conti- nenatal Powers, Ke, - &e Kery, The rer gw steemabip Bremen, Captain Weesels, waich left Sou’ gampton on tho 19th of April, arrived at this Portes Ay yertorday morning. Her advices are one day tater dhe (hose brought by the Circassian from Galway © 8, Jebus, N. F., whicn aleo arrived a+ this port yes ‘ter’ fmy,aud'the full reports, from our European files, are ‘hace days'inter than those recelyed by the A‘rica, fron Livergoo!, ‘The Otrenssian bas three bundred and twenty prssen- gers. Tho next steamer from Galway will be the bean. tifel steamship Adelaide, 1,849 tons register, 2,700 tens burthen, and 448 horse power, Tois ship has jeat’bed a thoroogh repair. She bas a new poop, and her ealcon/and other accommodations are of the best descrip- ‘tion. ‘She was to leave the Thames on the 19th ult. to ‘tako’Ser station at Galway, and sail from that port on the Sthof April. ‘The néws from Europe is of the gravest importance. ‘The debate in the British Parliament on the 18ch ult., ven- “lating the Italian question, and indicating the imminency ‘ef a general European war,and the disrupton of ti.¢ entente cordiale between France and England, is the great ‘fast oi the news. According to the advices from Piedmont, the war pre parations in that country, as well as in France, require gome further weeks of active effort for full completion. ‘The shipchandlers of Trieste, on the 18th of April, re- eeived orders from London to be prepared for the arrival of English men-of-war. ‘The Austrian government has hired six Austrian Lloyd steamers. ‘The London Star of the 19th alt. saye:— ‘The family of M. de Tocqueville request the French pa- pers tocontradict the revor, of bis death, which was fi-at ‘eireulated by a London journal. Ho ia at ibe [ale de Hieres ‘in a svffering state, buy not worse than he bas ben for some time past. On Thursday evening, Aprill4, at Owen Swifts, in Landon, the stakes ($2,000) for the late pugilistic contest were presented to the victorious Sayers. At the time ap- pointed for the transaction of “business,” tho battle money was banded to Sayers by a gentleman wel! known $m sporting circles, who, iu a very effuctive address, spoke im terme of bigh landation of Ssyers’ coolness, undannted eourage, and porsonal merits. The champion then, ina manly address, urged the claims of his defeated oppouont, Benjamin, on the sympathy and gencrosity of the com- pany. Actrve steps are being taken in England in order to have the Great Bastern ready for rea by the latter end of the month of July or the beginning of August. ‘the unre- Btricted Freedom of accozs which was given some wesks since by the company is now followed by a system of the most rigid exclusion, The directors (the London Observer gays) found that the privilego accorded to the public was gro:siy abused ; had it been extended to a much longer period there wou'd not have bern a moveable or portable artele Jeft in the boli ef the great veascl. Wherever there was @ piece of moulding or metal which could be wrenched off the visitors appeared to think it a fair trophy. ‘The knobs and bandles of the cabin doors rapidly disap. peared, and Captain Barrison’s cabin was literally stripped of every thing beyond the bare boards and purtitions, ‘Advices from Bordeaux state that the service cf the Frenoh traneatlantic packets to Brazil will bo fally at work in the early part of 1860, Two officials belonging to the Messogerics Imperiales are at present a: Bordeaux making preliminary arrangements. ‘The steamebip Niagara arrived at Liverpool on the morning of Monday, April 18. She spoke the Arabia and Jura on the Mth. The Bavaria eailed from Southampton for New York on the 17th ult., with the usual complewent of paesengors and a very full cargo of general merchandige. THE WAR QUESTION. In; it E: ations in the British Parlia- att ol da Telia Question—Imminency of ‘War—Appeals of English Statesmen to Eu- rope—The Entente Cordiale Between England and France in Danger—The Proposed Peace Congress, a, &o., &o. THE DEBATE IN THE HOUSE OF LORDS. APEECH OF THE BARL OF MALMSSLURY. In tho Bouse of Lords, on Monday, April 18, the Earl of MawessuRy caid:—wy lords, 1 must begin by thanking iy nobie friend for having given way; I nope your tora hips, who baye"been twice disappointed wiea Thad pro ised to Make a statement as to the state of afl‘sirs oa tac Conuinent, will believe thas the delay arose, not from any reluctance on my part to Jay such a statement before you, but from the hope that by waiting three or four days longer I might be able more fally to give that information whith you dcesire.to obtain, Your lordanip will easily bring to your memory the state of Europe at the con) mencewent of this year; on the very firet day of it wo were alurmed by the distinct intimétion, conveyed by the lapgusge of the Fieuch Emperor to the Austrian Awbastador, that the re! tions between Franco aud Avitiia were Lot in tiie eaticfactory state we should aH desire, That belief on tho pert of the public goon strengthened by goveral inciten'sy to w peed not now advert. Waile, the rela tious between France, trian and Sa eechhen tainly an unsatio’ il, | midg mate, : the relations of this countey with th on the contrary, of ti lorde, Ido net aay thie wien her Majesty’s government. » whole world factory mature, Ikeow that the quostioa of ace OF War is In higher hands than those of man, but it Evremarksblo that.tbe porivion of thia couusry with rota Vion (9 al! other, both greet both heute eres, Was one Of cde Most prot i tranqutl ty. Teay Ubis because ihe events which have taken place found Eogiand in a position best suited, not only oy ber power, but by tho state of tranquillity iu woica at act 48 mediator and negotiator beiwern tho oiher States: y lords, as to tho condition of Austrian qita regard to this country, [need not go very far to iilustrate i, Your lordships know thit Ue feelings of England towards the Awtrian people haw’ been as towards very anctent allies, bound up im the history of (his coun in many of its most -glorinus payes. We both brlmg W the same Ten tonic race, and, Jrom the gee ical position of the two countries, no jealiwy can arise btween them. Fur all there Teasons our sympathies are wilh the Austrian paople. Bar there are other causes by Wurch these aympadhies are somewbat nentral the gov ents aro eatiroly cif forent; wat of austria is ese ont lespovic, ours 's essen. tially free; and this has led t) a ddlareut fociug towards the goverrmect, My jorde, it appears to mo that it is in Italy especially that the Anstrian government pas given rive to this dillerence of fecting nn the part of the I Peop.e. No minister in thas country, no man in ity J be- deve, can deny the undoulied right of Austria to her Halian mssegsions; Bho holds them Ly inheritance, by coud ives and by treaty. Iknow of po other right by which’ ber Majesty holds the crowo of Seotiand, the Tadian empire, or sume of the colonial depen tencies, chan conqtost and treaty. My lorda, thete possessions aro sacred to Austria by wenties whicd our suveretgns have + tweatien aro heid sacred bs avery porgon lataost poutics. . They are in A mmmer guarante eeutof England, and mast bo vph ment. But it is not on aconent of the prsetioa of Lon. tardy that we have feelings of les: sympathy (owards Ausirvas but erred t9 the manugon: ; at E oun efaire, and én the anchtrarion of tration, she has been ind with (heather States of roron adm, by political re xsons, to interfere a by doing 80, has become unpopular ip those sountriis, and,ag far os the adaniult wratlon i$ concorved, in ths, Is ‘is ta private life a most dangerous abd moat unpopular ewployeent, that of a co fiable for the preservation of peace in towa or count y Avstris bas absumed tbat poston Jattaly. By keeping in order pec : bo be kept down by thei ono rwerg, #he haa incurred a great dou of upneaesear yopularity, aad bas weake own port of the country. changed in this respect she woatd Bex poulieal imporiance im Uy SN Leeper ‘With regard to Sardinia, the feelings of thig coomry present a very remarkable contras!—we ara not of tie 89Ma race—there are no sympathies of race or descent betvveen the two coustries, but the govermmen’s arc a)nost identica); and there is such a reeembiuce that ibis country has always taken the greatest interest in the pro? Perity of Sardinia; and looked with admiration at her growing reputation, and at her exertions to promot the cause of constitutional government io italy. We bare always admired the wey in which sbe gained her liberties, and has made herself a living refutation of thote asezrtions which have been constantly put forth, that constitution sl y>. vernments are impossible mm It hen aho waa obiged to bave recourse to arms, her deods excite? oar admira- top. More lately ahe seems to bave forgotven that ber mieaion in Italy i8 one of exumple, that she ought to have fet berself forward ag @ model; she seems to Dave fur- gotten that miliary renowa inay be @ reault of conatita- tional government, but cannot be its object; sho seems to have forgotten what every victory galoed iano ‘spiritor «elf defence or of self preservation, ia @ fruitless victory. Tt ia thus the Jta‘ian diflizulty bas arizen, and for these reasons we cau understand bow the positi.u of Northern Italy is such as we eee with so much rearct. I have, my lords, stated the position of Austria and Sardinia with regard to each other, and with regard to the public opinica of Tealy and of Europe, There rema‘ns oe other greay em- pire which did not look on with indifference. I need nob fay itie France, My lorda, it is dificult for an Bag) man, or for an English minuter, to understand by what proce's ¢ uler (J that prosperous country has wath pee conte ’ internal offatrs. Of all countries ia Europe, Franes bas the flacst and most equa) climate, the finest and most equal soit; she is capabia of almost incal- culable imp:ovement in wealth, and 523 ample room for the developement of her energies. My lords, the French policy bas been to unite herselt completaly with toe cause Of Sardinia, and she appeared determined to assert her right to interfere with what took place ja Italy, and ta resist what she considered the encroachments, moral and mate- ria}, of Austria ip that country, Thie was seep with great regret by ber faithful ally, Great Britain. No one has supported us capable for = momeut of assisting Anstrian legions ugainst tae subjects of her empire. Sucb a course would be utterly foreign to our principles and our policy allover the world; it would be equally foreiga to our Policy to interfere to assist any forcign nation to emanci- pate itselt; we accept revolutions when they are brought about, and recognige de facto and pot de jure governments, ‘It was, therefore, not easy for us Lo understand the polloy which France seemed desirous to pursve in countries where she had no direct intereat. My lords, this state of thipge grew worse every day, and by the end of February reeched evch an alarming point that Lord Cowiey was sent to Vienna. Before he !eft Paris he came to a perfect understanding with the French as to ideas oa the Italian difticuity, and acquired an accurate knowledge of the particular points which they desired toreform and settle. He was received with the greatest fraukness and cordiahty by the Austrian government. My lords, Lord Cowley end Count Boo!, the Austrian prime minister, discussed these ponte calmiy, a3 became friende and political allies, I cannot but say I believe that if the negotiations bad pro. eceded in the courge in which they wore first laid, and if Lord. Cowtsy hoa been permitted to be the sole mediator be tween Austrea and France, I cannot say certainty what would have been the result, but J believe the negotiatims would have been further advanced, and we should have had eater hopes of peace than we have at present. teats a 1 say 20, because if only one mediator had been employed, Great Brita, through her ambassador, Lord Oowley, vould have avoided those difficulties which bave arisen from a more public mediation, which bas biought mapy pon more before the pub- » my lords, when Lord Cowley re- turned t> Parig, on the 16th of March, he found that acme communications had been going on between Russia and France, the result of which appeared to be that Russia. had preped that a congress should telil: the offairs of Taly, and | whi Ke thould be composed of the five great Powers. This reascning, by what proces of sound paicy, the | inured @ interfere | PRICE TWO CENTS. one without the rettlement of w? ich we cannot enter tho Congrese—that the cease s'ands as I bave describ «1. (Bear.) Sardinia has been invit' d to disarm by Prussia and by 0s entirely on the same footing a8 Austria or France. She bas not consented to that disarmament, and hs: grounded her refusal on her exclusion as a principal from the Copgrees. It Is to me a source of lerable vogeel, 48 your lordsbips may well imagine, that I am not able ‘v g!ve your lor¢sbips 4 more sat efsctory account of the a» sotiations. 1 feel ail the reapoosibility and gravity of the #itvetion ; and your lordships must know that for our own rakes es individuals, aod for our sakes ag a goveramea‘, we must have been anxious to effect the accomplisyment of the views entertained; but there is an object ‘much greater than the credit of individuals or of governments, and that object is peace, (flear hear ) ‘Avd my lords, when you comider, if w pe ‘war you will, F think, is 0 take place, whot that war may by, agree with me that the responstlality of thore men wh h noe ulated or miglected the occasion lo avert it, is great intees. (Cheere. It will be no war between two chivalvou: na- tinns 1m disiont lands, like thal which we waged tm conjusc- tion with France agains Russia in the Crimea. It may ap- | cave elements which I fear can scarcely be sellled in our time. (Hear, bear.) It will move persous who without the slighueas patriotiem will find, or think they can dot, in euch a war the hope of promoting their own desperate | objects. (Hear, hear.) It will include every possible theory—it will twelude republicans of every possi vie bi | and color, who find, or expect to find their account in such a war. It will include exiles; it will imelade princes all of whom will expect to find their account in this war, (Hear, hear.) J¢ is imposible for any human being, whatever hts experience moy have been, t> pre dict where it will end, ond when we shall t2 the ler | mis ation of it. (Hear) T may then be permitted, ac one of | ; the ministers of this country, lo ask those ministers and (hoe courts who are more immediately concerned, to tink once more how serious ts the responsibility which devolves upon them, and how dreadful the cata which may be pre. euccd Ly any negligence or hastiness om their part. 8 cply censoletion we can have personally, the only conso- Jation that her Majesty’s government caa have, is that we have cot emitted a sing'e effort to avert those digasters— (cbeert)—that if they occur, it is by the will of God; and may Almighty Ged direct the issue. (Cheers.) SPRECH OF THE EARL OF CLARENDON, The Farl of Craruxpon said—The speech of my noble frien is so foil of perplexity that Ido not at all wonder he cLwuld bave postponed till tne very last moment the communication be hag just made to your lordships. (Hear, hear.) Ido not wonder that my noble friend has post- pened making this communication ag long as there was apy bope of aoe bem | nny eer ccrentee fatisfactory end, and of realizing 8 which been held out that, unless some uptoward circumstance had occurred, they were likely to be brought to happy conclusion, I do not complain of the delay which has taken placo, for it uot uppataral that the government should wish to wait till they were in a position to make a satisfactory re- pert to ‘liament. I think it ia mot unusual that a goverpment sbould wish to avoid a discussion in Parlia- ment, though I think that in tae present cage that fear otght to have no foundation, for during the ten weeks in | the course of which alarming and conflicting reports have been in circulation, the cemeanor of larliament has been eminently judicious. (Hear) There bas been the most | complete abgence of party spirit—(hear)--the utmost for- ‘bearunce hag been manifested, and the whole conduct of Parliament curing these transactions bas marked their | senee of the gravity and importance of the interests in- yolved. (Hear, hear.) The general unanimity which has been erhabited on this more than on any previous vccasion in favor of maintaining the international law of Europe, s0 far from causing any embarrassment, has rather strengthened the hands of tur Majrty’s government. 1 with that my friend had been able to make amore satis{ac- | a. statement. I wish that on the eve of the dissolution of Farliament, when during six weeks this country will be deprived of the counse! of the Legisiature, a less responsi- was stated to me first by the French Ambassador in Lon- don. Ho told mo such a cougress would take place, and whetber { approved of it; he said France entirely ap- proved of it, and wished to know what England was in- clined to do. My lords, my conviction ag to the best mode of crtiling this matter was what Thayo just ox- pressed, but I felt if that should fail, a very heavy ro sponsibility would fall on sne if we refuse! the invitation the Ruseisp government gave Us to entor a congress, and make a combined effort tosettic the Italian aifficatty. did not fecl justified in refusing, whatever my private opinion might be. Itherefore did accept. But, my lords, before we received the Russiaa proposition, I thought it beiter, knowing us we did what the ideas of France wore with regard to the particnlar points, andalso Count Buol's views, I thought it better to anticipate the Russian goyern- ment, ‘and suomit those poiats us the basis for the deli- beration of the ccngrese. That I did on the 20th of March On the 22d Baron Brntow brought me the offical properition for a Congress, which I accepted, and at the same timo he agreed thal it should, on the basis of the four pots, b> submitted to the itussiaa government. lorce, the four points were these 1. Tho means by which pesce tvccn Austria and Sardimia. 2. Toe manner in which the evacuation of the Roman Slaiee by the Austriamend drench troupa might be best might be preserved be- accomplished. 3. Whether sny, and if any, what reforms should b: made in the intemal admivictration States. 4 2 of Uhose Trallaa ‘he gnbstitution for the treaties between Austria and ian Duckies of a copfede:ntion between the States internal and external preiction, ‘These were the conditions we propored for acceptance with the disuunct understanding that the Congress shoul rot enter jute sny qneetion which wou'd interfere wita Ube existing territorial arrangement of Italy. Now, my lores, there four points were received ana admitted by ail | the otter Powersas the basis of the Congrese; but there were some collateral questious which arose. ‘Tne two collateral qnestions were these: the — compo: sition of the Congress, and the disarmament of the three Powers antagonistic to cach other. Your scrdships will observe that the question of disarmament inyolved this great point, the means by whieb peace might be preserved between Austria and Sardivia With regard to the question of disarmament a dffererce arose. It was proposed by some that the dix- armecacnt sbonid be only accepted in prioeiple, and the vetatis copeidered in the Congress as the first ‘qnostion; but others considered it much proverable that an effective and real disarmament should precede the Congress, that it should be entered into entirely on political grounds and with peaceful aspect. Now, my lords, I have no hesitation in eaying that, m the opinion of her Majesty’s government, & previors disarmament was preferabic; and it seems con: sistent with sound policy and common gcuse that persons who were to negotiate ‘and who would have to ‘discuss thorny apd difficult questions should not enter the council chamber armed, und should not have the power, in the event of eny disagrcoment, to hive recourse to arms, but should have the means of violence taken from them before they eutered on the digcus- zion, (Hear) This point was discussed, and is not yet setled. The question of the composition o! the Congress wes, after somo discussion arranged. (Hoar, hear.) Your Jorcebips will recollect that the Russian ik aed pro- pored that the five great Powers alone should sit in con- grees. Tois has been the custom of Europe for many yeas they have always «liscussed the groat public law of ©) rope, and there did not appear to either of us thet there was any reason why we should depart from the usual cus- tem, and callin any of tho other Powers, Bat, my lorda, at the same time it appeared that, as we were going to discuss the Italian question, it was only right tha: the Ita- liane should, in some form or other, be heard before the Ccngress, and it seemed there would be a great advantege if the Itwtian natton ehould be represented, to hear what we propored, and let us hear what they had to suggest. We propoged they should be united, and pe admitted to be heard whenever we sl.ould wish to hear them during our delibe- rations. This proposal was founded on the course taken under similar cireumetances in the Copgressof 1830. At that time there was a dupute between Belgium and Holland, and the importent stop of dividing the two and making a new kingdow of Belgium was to be settled in London, | At that time, though Holland and Belgium were the prin- cipal patties ia this negotiat:on, they wore not received inte the Congrces or conforence as principals. They were ajlowed to attend through their representatives in London, who were at first called commissioners, but afterwards ministers. Tt appears to me there would be nothing de- | Tegatory to the I@liau States if they came before the Uon- gress in that etatos, ‘Chore was avother proceeding which took place at Laybach in 18.1, ¢hen three of tuo great | Pow ere— Russia, Prussia and Aurtria—came to certain de. cisicrs with regard t Italien affuira. They then invited | the Italien Sia’es to eit with them, and to take ome share in the dineuission, though not as principals. But Sardinia, when this propesition wae mado to her, claimed aright, | as onc of the antagonists, to be acmitted t0 a seat in the Gon: zieos ‘Tho whole of the great Powers resisted that progo- | v, ond agi ced that it would be ve mnventent to de- partis om the ue y and that if Sardin! iain Lo sit fe the Congress.asa principal, because she was Intereated in Jtalian Gflair2 and ibe peace Ci Yurope, was allowed, a ight bo made by Switzoriand, by the van States, and in fact by any State that might consi¢er itsott to be affected by a war on tho con- | fines of Maly, (Hear, hear) /¢ is therefore determi | ¢ Powers that Sardinia, together with thy im Slates, should be invited after the Congress met to send represendatives or delanates, to inform the Con- g7esa ef her wuches, Grit to lay before it the propasitions hich she Pvght ought to be carried out. That determina. non took place whilst the d!scussions regarding the arma- yornt ox the digarmament were proseeding, With regard | to tre question of disarmament, Austria put it forward | with ccngicorable tepacity that ebe could not attend the | Congress uvleas Sardinia previonsiy disarmed, Taat ap. | peered an utfair proposition to ber Majeaty’s government. But Ler Mejesty’s government made this proposition, ig order that there should be no delay in ontoring on tho Congrese=-that if Sardinia consented to disirm, v¢ sbould, in conjunction with France, guarantee her ine whole force of the two cmpires against any attack on the part of Avstria, (flear, hear.) austria at tha | somo time offered to rake @ public decinration that sha | would uot attack Sardinia, (Hear, hear.) That foil to | the pronad because the French government declined to give | ined guarantee, and Sardinia declined to enter into thal ne | getiotion at all’ ‘Therefore Sardivia w98 Dever asked to | “bart wt all, ae we give her that guarantee, | wuld ny Hat after ecnsiderab’c decvseions, with whien I will not | the cage ethade at present in this | Orn, AY nce have to the principle | ofa diawrmmanoort, but ivy bave not sgreed as to the | (ime nor as to the manner ofthat diearmament. Anstria | sToposce au eifetive dsarmament previous to entering | ihe ment to be Bett 18 MOSL incompetent L ai Mament, awd that too quest Mert onghe to be subuitted to ac oficers — beforeba Congress wo. Aiters to bo broug bed by suy qaee ar.) Toercfors J an (ay queation of disarmament not being eettl’d, sad it being My | ij | be mov | shoul | 2nergarent to a snccessfal of the pripey | bility was bkely to devolve on the ministers of the crown; | Lwikb that my noble friend had been in a better posi:ion | towlay the public anxiety. But assuming that there is sinecrity on the part of the governments cencerned—as- | suming that they are not pursuing a gecret policy which | they dare net openly ayow—(hear, hear)—essuming that | they are not about to take upon thomzeives that fearful | responsibility to which my noble friend has adverted at, be conclusion of his speech, it is difficult to comprehend | why there should be so long a delay in bringing thoze dit- ferences to satisfactory termination, (Kear.) Austria declares that she will not attacic Piedmout; Pictmout do- | clarcs that she will no: attack Austria; France, agaju, de clares that she will pot attack Austria unléss’ Austria | fbould attack Piedmont; Englind, Pruscia and Rusia have been employing their good’ offices unceasiogly, ano negotiating with a view to effect a sottlement of these difficuities, ATL prefessert the wimoxt derive far peace, ard the utracct abharence of war. But during all | this lime preparations for war hare leen going on on a | gigantic and ruinous scale, (Hear, hear.) Austrian corps @ainée have been marched one after another jito Italy, fortrerses have been provisioned and placed in a state of the roost complete defence. Troops from Algiers and from Paris, which are to compote, we are told, the army of ths Alps, bave aeeombled; an unucval activity prevails in the | aygcpale and dockyards of ranee— (Neu, bear,)—and, in | ehort, everything in France denotes the éxpoctation of a 1 | apprevchingg campaign; whilst Piodmoat is exbavstia Ter Perources apt obeeking the indnewy of her Po in order to kecp u large army on foot, and -t maintain those large bodies of volunteers whom sh invites from every part of italy. The warlike spir | of Germany can wearcely be Keyl unter control; whil | the newspapers of ‘be ‘diferent countries are ‘burlin defia lance against each other; und yet in the presence of this menacing state of allaire—in the face of this daily incrensing dauger—tho Powegs who are chiefly concerned, nd who think that a Congress {: tue only means of mai! taining peace, have not yet coniderea the snbjects of dis cussion, becavse they have Lot yet agreed upon the sine quitus non conditions of the negotiations. I must eay that | this does not bear out that assumption of an honest pni yese or of an carncet desire for peace: and it does, to a certain extent, render distrust intelligible, and to that dis trvst I attribute the projesals which Lave been mais, and which certainiy, as my noble friend made clear thi evening, have incroceed the oxisting comlicatioas, (Loa hear.) ‘Now, J think that Austria should not have made a | demand on Piedmont to disarm alone—(hear, heat)—and T | think that demand ehould not have reocived either support | | or encouragement. (Hear.) Austria hag rendered hers therchy obnoxious to the charge of propysing that whic’ | she krew would not be agreed to, and therefore of interpos. | fg an insurmountable obstacle to an imme- | diate accommdation; and in the enthusiastic stato | of fooling existirg in Piodmont, n> matter | how raised, whether by justifiable moans or other- wise, she could not have disarmed. Jt would have cost the King of Sardinia his crown had he attempted a des- | armament. can conceive Doni more likely to bring | about that rupture which all professed to dread, and to ' get fire to those inflammable materia!s, than the ¢isvan ling | of thore ten thousand free corps volunteers, who are now | under the control of militury dizcipline, aud who, if once let loose and paat the border, might commit acts which Austria Would at once chastise and Piodmout immodiately resent. Iheard with satisfaction fcom my noblo friend that this project did not originate with. and had receirad no support from her Majesty’s government, Austria did | wisely to abgndon it; butshe has made, as I understand | my noble friend, another proposition for a general disar- mament, which, although most wise and desira>le in itecif, yet, when considered with reference to the meeting of the Congress, does not appear to me to be wito, and, in | fact, is impossible, If Austria were to order backall those | trcops which she accumulated in Italy; if she were to send | Lome all those reserves which she lately called ont, | and if Piedmont adopted a simiar course, there is ro doubt the Prospect of peace would be’ incalonlusiy | promoted. But matters, I am afraid, have gone too | far for that. None of the parties sufliciontly trust each other ; none of the parties can have euliicient security os | to what will be the result of a Congress, to venture on | disarmament at the present moment, and they cannot } ; Bure that they would not have to rearm, whilst months would be necessary to cariy the operation into etiost. Now, it secme to me the proper course would be a simple unceistanaing by which it should be agreed that no far. | ther preparation should be made; that no troops should d from their actual stations; and tuat no attack be made by either party curing the eitting of the or —or, iu other worcs, that the armamentz should be lott as they stand. (Hear, hear.) Then the basis of uon might settled; tho points might be openod casion, the Congress might have met, aud if the Pewers bad been right minded and sincerely do sirous of peace—if they did that which was riglit, and just, and likely t@ be iasting, the bugincgs of the Corgrees would lie in utslell, and its Inbors might be bro of a fort it to & Conclusion 11, night, (Hesr, hear.) 7 ; my noble friend Mat olthough his view of things ie far fram eati:fac yy yebthe idea Of a Congres has mot been abanione, After all that bas cocurred. ter nil the expeviations that Lave been held out—I think it would. fhe ante now tbat the Congress shou! eult to Stand what CO e o deliberate. it bo intended to req Austsia to withdraw from that territory to whieh gh a long eetablished and legitimate right—(No, no,” fr the afl of Malmeebury)—of courze it is not the intontion of my noble friead, or éf her Majesty's government—but if ppy eveh intention were entertained, Austria would bo canivied to reply that ehe recognized no right in the Con gices of 1869 to annul the acts of the Congress of 1815. (ear, hear.) She coult fairly say that sho was ready to defend ber rights, and then there woukl be an td cf be Congrese. If, on the other band, it b intended to require of Austria to withdraw her troops from toe Popal territory, we know that she is prepared to d thot ss coou ag Piance eball bave taken a similar step; HT bel rape is ready todo that. If itis reyuiret Lot Austria thould abrogate her treaties wiih the adja that would be a matter for nogotiation, ant navotd all the risk and delay of a congress. noble friend sald is strictly true, ™ thas Lord Cowle we returned to Paris be had in his hand oll the matcriais for brioging ‘he question to a gatishac tory co (cheers) AU we know at pi isand, ali'in fact, thot can be known, te, that one despotic Powe has proposett to ancther derpetic Power that by means of compress @ third despotie Power should p way for th c(ollishment cf liberal mnetitutions in Naty. (Ohodrs and Joughter,) 1 eonbt very much whether thero 1s suil! cient sincerity in the Towers concerned to carry this ail the difloultes which bave arisen must the spiritin which the Congress is to couduct i But aw it oppears that the alternative je an immediate Wer, the hold ¢ of a Congress is merely an cx Jo crbadied im the treaty of T y renronably expect that when the plen wrcat bowers meet around ve table, all rizh Y treatice will be reapected. Bat in order espcctstion should be fultiited, i will be neces utractlr g Poware should come to a proli Terment=tret, hat toe rights a be 1 and second 1 vob be exceeded. 7 w my a violation of th estore In Italy are sec # she Many way ean which the Austrian pose | thes should ‘terminate, because she is made re- | [say that those treatics should terminate, and with them | poturally disafieeted or turbulent against good laws and | Ment by disaileotion. | caused the presence of tre army of one foreign Power in upon it that the process will not stop there (hear, hear), interference with cxisting terrviorial dispositions in Italy, OT Te ale sae naan se emer), letersi wala me Jae Saas ice important terriunial arrangements. However, it may be bear.) It «as imposable for the government move Mpaught eftag a lapse of forty years that in some cases the , clearfy to Jay down ita intention, but also to visions of the treaty of Viouna have been defective | sbow. tnat that principle was assented to by all foresight—it cannot be deniet that in two or three | the four great Powers who were invited to be mem- cages they bave broken down under the overwhelming | bers of that Congress, In the adoption and assumption of force of circumstances—it cannot be denied on | that principle and declaration as a sine qua non, a great the whole they have serve! their purpose of | step was ken, and a great step hoa been made towards majptaining the peace of Europe ; and the best proof of | the maintenance of peace. I¢o not undersiand that my the confidence a'tached to the arrangements which they | noble friend objects in the slightest degree to the various effected is the universa! eatisfaction with wich all Europe | points laid down as bases. He has reised rome question hailed the deciaration of the Emperor of the French, that | indeed, as to the time within which it might be d he would see pect the faith of treaties, But if thoxe'trea- | irable or possible to carry out the principle of disarm: ties are now to be torn up and Europe is to be scrambled | ment; but to the princigle generally he consanta, not for, I say that nothing but endiess strife and confurion can | only Preliminary, but as an indjepensable condition resnit. (Hear, bear.) It is, therofore, pot only for the | of tbe Congress. He leaves eatirely the stipulation as to interest of Avsiria, but for tho general security of Europe, | the evacusticn of the Romsn Staten by foreign armica, and the consideration of reforms io the Italian States; and he laid considerable stress on the fourth priociple—the substitution for the treaties between Austria ant the Duchies of a coufederation of the minor States of taly. I trust that it may go forth to the world, and rot be liable for a moneut coubt—ibat wity regard to the maintenance of the treaties of 1815 asa sine qua nom, aud with regard to the four principa' bases upon which Congress was to enter upon its labors, tome of the fairest provinces of Europe, We must | that preliminary and these four bi Dave been atopted also rcmember What were the objects of the Powers by | by all the great Powers of Europe; and those four bases which the treaty of Vienna was concluded. Their objecis | bave been Tecogpised—sa L hope they will be recognized— ere mainly directed against France, to create a barrier | a# just, fair and reasovable, by the unanimons atseut cf ainst Fyanee, aud more eapecially in the north of Italy; | both sides of this House and by the country. (Hear, and, therefore, it was by the unanimous wish of ail ths | bear.) I will not preterd to vindicate the precise course rest Powers of Europe that Austria resumed ber position | that has been pursued by government, or to say whether DD Lombardy; and it is for precigely tbe saine reason that | upon any end cvery occasion we have taken the course Genoa was added to Picdmont. ‘All the territorial poa | most likely to lead to the object in view; but thie I will scesiors maintained or secured to Austria are to be found | venture to say, that the course which we have taken, from set forth io sleta') in the treaty of Vienna, aud the pos- | the commencement to the end, bas beea that which, in eessions of Austria in Ialy have been most correctly | our view, tended moet directly, and with the greatest ¢eseribed by my noble friend when he said they are the | probability of success, to the single object we have in congequences of conquest, or inheritance, or long tenure, | view, and bave had in view most disintercetediy—namely, the prevention of the outbreak of war in Europe. I believe or covtrac’# which for upwards of a hundred ycars have ‘become part ff the international law of Farope. Oa those | updcubted!y that there would have been a better chance of arriving atan early and eat sfactory settiement of these treaties Austria has right to take her stand, and on those treaties, toking her stand, she should be upheld by the | quest ous if the original proposition made by the govern- that the mebte covferred by the treaties which now form ‘Part of the intermational law of Europe should be respected Although in some cates those treaties may be repugnant to that epirit of libesty and desire of progress whi:h are | inberent ip boglishmen, we are bound ia honor and good faith to maintain them. It was owing to that determioa- tion that we engaged in the late war against Russia, and certainly pot from any dee e to maintain a Manometan power, or to check the spread of civilization in ther Powers of Europe.’ (Gear, hear.) Bat when | ment bad been acceded to, and if the question of negotia- fea Geer gissd cn tee Iesdiies I think | tion bad been left in the able bands of Lord Cowley. she is bound to rake every copcession compa | (Hear, hear.) Because, during the ebort time that he was tible with ler honor to aveit the calamities of war. (Hear,bear.) think ebe is bound not to exceed by aeinglo bair’s breadth the rights conforred on her by treaties. (dear, bear.) Js is contrary fo international law that Austria should claim a righttocccupy and to reduce 1D communication with the diferent Powers, he had actuaily succeeded tn laying down a basis of ion upon which both I'rance and Anstria were prepared to treat, and which both parties admiited to be the basis of @ satisfactory scttiement. Thovgt I have no doubt that it toa state jeal vassalage States that ought tobe inte. | was made with the best intention, I cannot but think that pendent. ink that these exclusive treaties between Aus- | the contemporaneous sugecstion of Russia for a geveral ‘tio and the sovereigns of the adjacent States—which, on | Congress of the great Powcrs introduced all thoso subse- the one hand, confer a right on thein to call on her for aid, | | quent cifficultics which bave rendered agreement more cog the event of disturbances, give | and, on the oflicult, if not impossib'e. (Hear, hear ) That proposition her a right to occupy their territoriea—I think that those | for a Congress, to which it was i i, us to treaties aro unneccesary. I believe they were agreat | 7</use our assent when it had been France, mistake on the part of Austria, and have been productive | was in reality @ less lakell of injury toher. I do not believe there is much reason and tess tpedy ‘mode. of tiling the dificulties of i rope, than the megotia- ” een a both now to apprehend that they can be carried into exeou- | ticn ¢f Lord Cowley which had coepted tion. In the ut temper of Europe I believe that the | by Austria and France. (Bear, hear.) We have been told occupation of any of these territories by Austria would | Mf the treaties of 1815 are to be maintained, and if the questions which alore caused apy sensible difference are agreed upon by the Powers of Europe, it is undoubtedly dificult to account for those enormous armaments sod m'ghty preparations which on the one hand and on the sponsible for the state of things under which the | other are more or less open, ostensible and sovereigns of thove States are able to «lisregard the wishes | the part of France be looked upon much in the same light as the occupa. tion of the Danubian provinces by Russia was regarded, It is the interest of Austria herself that these trea- ‘between & sovereign vnd his people. They were thus en. ab'ed to act, as ore of them said, because they had three hundred thousand soldiers to back them. (Hear, hear.) | te opening of the Ptedmontese Chambers. (Hoar, hear.) The moment the King cf Sardinia, stepping out of the legiti- the occupation of the Papal territorice, which has hitherto | mate course of watching over an: promoting the pros- | been justified by Austria as @ measure of security against | perity of bis own dominions, consolidating their liberties, the spread of digaitection, But the disaftection which Aug- | and thereby eccuring to Limee!f and his countrymen tho tria dreads iscaured by miggovernment. Men are not | approval and support of all nations who have at heart the promotion of freedom, and more especially of this country—when, stepping ont of that legitimate and most honorable courte, the King cf Sardinia spoke of the “ery of anguish” which came from the other States of Italy, and said that to thatery he could not be indifferent — when allusion was made to the discontent prevailing throvghout the Iambard provinces, and to the standing menece cauged by the occupation cf Piacenza to vhe secu- rity of Sardinia—when all these statements and all these allurions were made, tending undoubtedly to show that an outbresk in the Lombardo Venetian territories, if not actwally suumulated, would not be discouraged by Picd. mont, but lcoked upon rather us the legitimate expression of a rational feeling in which the sympeti of that country might naturally be engaged—I tuink that when those statements wore inade, it can hardly be considered uppatural that, for her own protection, for the mainte- gcod treatment, but they did meet bad laws and bad treat. (Hear, hear.) It is this which has the provinces of the Papal States, and of snother foreign Power in the capital. (Hear, bear.) 1 believo it was as greata blunder on the part of France w bave sent an ar- My of occupation to Rome, and to have remained there, as it was on the part of Austria te have occupied the | Legations. It placed France in a falee position, and a false position becomes worse in the progress of time, (Hear.) As longasaFreneh army remained in ome, so long was France virtually reeponsibie for thio acts which took place | there. 1 brovgbt this subject ef the occupation of the | Papal territories before the Congress of Paris. I taought the momevt opportune, when we were taking measures with respect to the Goployment of foreign troops in threatening on " ae Lraged od ecryecs Lerebageeerr ag | and opinions of their people, and to govern without any | of carefully ‘guardipg our words expresai particu cae to those reciprocal duties which should subsist | larly from pergovs in oflice, I must say that J trace much of the dist: wt and anziely which have recendly prevailed te those unfortunate words which fell from the King of Sardinia at vron the head of the Power, whatever which cathent due provocation and without the aay be neous tity, seeks for its con ambitious pus poses to involve Buropa be oe of @ long and bloody war, (Load eers. SPRECH OF LORD PALMERSTON, Lord Parwersron—Mr, Speaker, 1 tust chat in tho fow obrervetions I may feel it my duty: to make on the atato- ment'which the right hoporable gentleman has just addrosa- ¢ to the House,or on the matters to which it re:ates nothing thall fol from my Hips which sball tend in any degree w ad? to the aifficulties which ber Majesty’s government ard the other Powers concerned may baye in the settle. ment of the negotiations to which the statement of riglt boprable gentlemen refers, Sir, 1am sure everybody will opree that her Majesty’s government acted from a perfect sense of cuty, and from a regard for the general ‘n‘ereats of Europe, in undertaking that informal media- tou between France and Austria to which the mig sion of 4 Cowley to Vienna related, I bes por- bape, think, of tometbing more of a formal aud official cha- racier bad been given to that endeavor, and if ber Majesty's government bad obtained from the French go- vernment ana the government of anstria some formal ac- 1 the good offices of Great Britain and Prugsia— would bave joined Great Britain with the view to au errangement with the different States—that perhaps that course of negotiation would pot have been fater- upted by any other proceeding, aud might have tended toasuccessful issue, Idon’t bisme Russia for baving in- terpored her propoeal of a congress. Jt was natural encuyh thot, with the Lest intentions, a great Power like Kiusia should detive in the seltlement of @ great ransoction to take an adequate part. 8be could bave bad no past in a mediation if conducted tingly by Great Bri- ise none pecesserily forms part of the Songrees, and erefoy e the moment the mode of proceeding by congress wos adopted Russia naturally etepped in, and bas ber proper part in the negotiations which this is abovt to guperintend. Now, I think, undoubtedly, it is natural that Austria should bave wished that tha begotiationg should be either preceded or accom. Ppanicd by a geveral disarmament. It was quite un- reasonable, however, in Austria to make the proposal she bas made—namely, that Sardinia should disarm, she rhoulo not— (bear)—becange, accor: saw pwblithed the other from gvstus, Loftus, the pr arta, and that the oply engagement Austria was to into in return was, (hat pending negotiations she not attack Sardinia unless Sardinia did eomething—I for- i what—in violation of her duties towards Austria. ‘be reeult of that would bave been, if the negotiations, bed been broken off, which might have been done by Austria bergeif, that Sardinia, still further weakened Gigermament, would bave been left entirely at the of Austria, (Hear, bear.) Her "s gover! were therefore perfectly right in obj 1g to that condi- tion, and Austria was quite right in waiving Die a propoeition. I am glad to hear that both snd Austria have agreed to the principles armament, because, when these two great admit that princip'e, it seems to me that too sarguine in hoping that 3s Pe appears to me that going into teention of cisarmement, instead of go! Corgrers to copsider the real queation at what ve heap tate M ceing oar.) are really willing to adopt those four propositions which the right bonorabie eman has stated to. the main and Local Cates Baer een foreign troops from implying, I Snot, ‘an engagement cas idee Wien sheet botat aay by g Legciatiorg. Ibe expression of a general disarrasment is ope the general meaning of which is in itself excessively vegue. (Hear, hear.) If you tell mo you are gomng to disarm @ single man or a regiment J understand told that what that cperatioa refere. It must mean it the troops are to return to the poridons they hei what you mean; but when we are ty Austria and Sardinia are to disarm, we ht to know to assimilation of ine Lumber of their to that at which it stood at fome previous period, and phot ihe Period; but in that cee you must bave an of returns by a commis- sion and an inspection of positions; ‘y: opera. | ie to be a preliminary part of the tiationa will be indefinitely postponed, and in: oii tLe cxistipg apprehersions and jealous‘es will be Congress stil Permitted to operate. Now, why should the not Turkey, to introduce the case of the Papal States, and { | nance of her own territories, and for the maintenance of | meet at opce, and why shouid they not agree that said that the state of things which existed there could net | order in districts which she wag told wore eo dissatisfied, | there stould’ be a disarmament Operating in the last, aud ovght not to luct; that as long as it lasted it was | preparatiove should be made upon a large aad extensive | conrec of me, cod then proceed to discuss the @ menace to peace. Count Buol agreed in that view, and | scale by Austria. And Tam bound tosay,sofur aslan- | real qucetion on which the peace of Europe tums? sak! Ubat tbe Agstrian troops should be removed from the | guage Could go, tbat the declarations of Austria, from first | (Hear, hear.) I am not going to suggest -the details ; Paps) States jon as it could be done consistent'y with | 1o last, bave been unintermittiag and constant—namely, | but uo man who has looked at the etate of the tho tranquilit ihe Papal States end the consolidation of | that eo long as Piedmont conilue’ hereelt to her own | Continent can shut h's eyes to the fact that it is the dis- the authority, je Luly See. ‘Turee years have now | territorics.and cot not interfere with the Austrian terri | turbed, restless, and aueasy condition of the Italian States passed withont ‘effect Heing given to that propoeal. I | tories, or those obligations to which Austria is bound, in | which endangere the peace of Earope (hear, bear), and | believe itwoulg have been & wire forcsight il that ar. | thatesise Piedmont had no reascn toapprehend any attack | that Wat railess and uneasy condition results from bad ravgement had beon carried into efiect, and that | from Austria, and Uhat she was perfecny wining and wemment om ihe wuth oF the Po. (Hear, bear.) most of the present comptications would not haye en- | would rot have token it as an unfciendly act if Franco ‘9 this is to be added the confidence on which the rulers sgned If ithad bean nacried inte aves We could not | bad cntered into an engagement wo guarabtce Sardinia fur | ¢f the cilferent States in that part of Italy rest, in teucer our advice directly to the Court of Rome, because | aconsiderab’e period against any possible risk of aus | the event of 2 y disturbance on the part of their eubjec! We bed noreceguized minister there. Buteven if we had, | trian attack. J joia tn tho observation of my unopie opprcstion and tyranny, Austrian troops wil: any advice proceeding from vs wouli be disregarded and | friend opposite as tothe unwise nature of thos woigcouttrued, We know, bowever, that six or soven | inty which Avstrin has ont wCcks ago we were toll that the Pope, of tlsown accord, | both aa regards those requested the withdrawal of the forcign troops, aud clated | less, however unwise, bo that be wos able to govern without them. Tequett wag msde, in what form it wos wae. received, end in what way it liad been aeted upon, and | why French ard Austrian troops still occupied the Roman | tertitorica, we are st] in the carts Aanerts showed her | - readiness to comply with the vequeit, Jor she withdrew two | been permitted to go on. Ihave no duvtithey soul! hence duitaisens from Bolegna, and the ret of the garrison were | abvogated, and a conjeder alton sub, tats for thens aot {0 hove followed in a few days, tut something axcurred which | in thatwoy the Italian question would have been mrste-ritsfano- ta stop to the evacuation. 1 believe that with due vegard | dorily settled, (Bear, hear.) With regard tothe occupation of d proper preeaution for the maintenance of tranqaillity | tbe Roman Statee, that is a point which by universal con. these troepe might be removed with slong. { believe tat | sent might have teen teh to the Aetiberatious of Congress, hose persons wh nen ¢ the central States | end subsequently @ essect and unserstanding of of Haly have a great dread of revolution, bub at the sume | rence and Austria themselves. Whilst the principte was time a great desire of better governuent. The bubble of | admitted cf referring this to the Cougress, wnder the advico Italian unity has burst (Sechien hy The detestable dante | and recommendation of the Cougress, it might prasticaliy Gf Massing have no longer any partisans in Naly The Iiatian | be teft to the three Powers moet concerned, Austria, pele have no longer any faith in a repuliée, and the | France and the Pope. It has been stated that’s demand mamyle of Sardinia has not been without o dengficial influ. | was made for the immodiato withdrawal of those troops; ence in proving that liberty and order could go together. | ond 1 believe my noblo friend is correct in saying that a (Hear ) if Austria and France are prepared 9 withdraw | removal had already taken place on the part of Austria, their forces from the Papal territories, if Austla is pre- a | At the samo time I think it right to say toat I do not be- pared to make all those concessions with rogaré to treaties | licve that the immediate removal of those troops could which are not dishonorable, wo might ask im the iret | have been effected witont ecrioue risk of the most jamen- Place where is the necessity for a congreas?. Where ig | table coneequences both for Rome and the provinces, Bat tke necersity for these great military preparations which | it was most important that the prisciple should haye overtax the strength of the countrica which am» making | been iaid down that that ovacuation should take place them? Where 's the reason, whore is the pretext for war? | in a given time, and that such amelioratious and such We may ecttle italy, but it will not settle the Iiaiian ques- | reforms should be effected by the Papa! government as tion, After that country bas been laid waste, when the | would cnable them to carry out safely that which was for firet pastions have beci called into action, it is possible | the interest of the public at large. (Iear, hoar ) I thiok that by the aid of France, what is called the foreign | that the time has row come when it must bo dually set tyrant may bave been forced to retire, and Lombardy tled whether the Congress is to meet at all, and whether a may be annexed to Piedmont; but my opinion is that | peac able solution of this question be possible. I must the rule of Picdmont, after a short time, would bo | say I think it would be neither for the honor nor the inte- more distasteful to the people of Lombardy than that | rest of this country tbat these negotiations and these dis- of Austria, (Hear, hear.) There is no ‘affinity be- | enssions as to the terms of a congrees to be held should tween the larguage of the people, and it is not more | lopg be protrac! (Hear, hear.) The time is nearly Mkely that the proud aristocracy of Lombardy and Venice | c-me when England—which has, indeed, made one more wou'd sexd their deputica to ike Parliament of Piedmont | fort, suggested one more praposilicn, which Lan not a than tho people of Piedmont woutd send representatives | laherty to lay Lefore your lord:haps—chall say that the psriad to Milo or Venice. T believe that great dissensions would | has yone by for trifling, and that, having exhausted all her evsue, and that the regiments of Piedmont would be no- | powiis of “persuasion, and Left ve than the advanced guardand pionsert of France. | cifect a setitement upon in tever pritice may rule over Italy 23 the consequence | ceirad the unanimous victorious French army, T believe that the presence | she must, however reluct French army would be reqnised for pig support. I | ference in affairs in which ihe can 7 ‘ve the position of France would be more untenable interjarence would be useful to the pubis: that of Austria now, and that a greater mistake was | cr convistent wilh her oun dignity, and mist r made than to suppore that the ro) Y, as ihe has done up to ihe pres d be secured hy the presence of a Tonch ar: solute cand entire freedom to take such st treaty of Paris’ you will dnd it stipulated thy | hereafter think fit! (Cheers ) My noble friond ha: shall exist no longer any special right of inter peinid cut the lamentable conregucnecs which must arise, ¢ war does break outy to Italy perecit, whatever be » wiimate reeult, Gr whocver be in phe drst 1 svecesaful. I thitk my nebio friend onderrates the mag- nittde of the deoger if he sappoees that wwe w: i work than to | condned to Ital It will be a war, in the tir shall be no more | the most enrge description, becanse a war ), If my noble friond | cipie and of p It wall not be a wa od with other States in Italy 38 abd hereelf. Nevertho ver PM e, how it was | a legal right lo enter into. 7 think that they enzon geuinirte. 7 ttle that they w uid Rave becm wisely ale dened by Austria; and if Lord Cowley's negotiations hat _ interest in reserve ent, ab erenco ip these States, and that tn the event of order boing disturbed or threatered no armed intervention shall | tak place, ept with the previons assent of all ‘pg parties. Tho Congress could perform neu! or atotional as a principle that there interventicn, (Hear, hear a f prin. bot ween two eramade the other memb tend | gtcat nations ing for some defluite object, metple of ton. ipterve | but a 9 Wi!l render the prea rvice to Barepe Twith | erce be le friend to carry with him from this country all | the limits rength and support which he silt require in the de roused rmance of what I feur he will task, ! hieg shell fall from me eter oble friend. 1 will not even give ou AN incougruous one, ame und co have been made use of to a eeiiain extent in tion thereof; but Tam sure that he is the last rm or to think that be is indispensable to the peace of Dhy will with me that the indis ‘ear, hear)—and that fous dir in his reeponsbility, snd surjected him to harsh | Ic in which Iam sure I do not join. (fear, hesr. Biss taek Wi!) bo an arduons taek; bot Lean say for myself, and for aH thogo who sit near m it of party ut Ceballoaly eay t le to look with ndittererce tion @ the occupation of Adriatic or of its £ One joterests in the Ma amean Wo such a8 require the most careful vigt- on ovr | (Hear, hear.) Tt is obvious, more- httle overstep of tho limits of would produce a © of things which, strongest and highest treaty abligations, even for Mngland it over, that a very Italy reel the prevent us from making full allowance for ail the d bring the whole of Germany into the fleld in ciliculties he will have to contend with, or check the fence of the ceration, (Hoar, heat.) faticfaction miit which we shail learn that he has been | Germany brovght into the ftold, what 1s to. become to contend with them. (Cheers,) of Belgiom, ef Switzerland, of the general stato of the penny, yolitici) relations of Europe? War opeo begun in lot Dennv-1 should hardly have risen to take Tt Js debate ii Thad not felt it my bouncen duty to can never be confined to Italy, and ono tp beyond the limits of italy it “is impossibl tcsvimeny to the very fair and impartial speech ty foresee who will be drawn ito it, how far it \ faiten from the noble carl, (Hear, hear.) roy cxiend, or what may ‘be its result, (Hear, hear, mmendation of the propriety of | England we deeply interested in the maintonance of peace. ing forward any questions which | Sbe is prepared to make almost auy sacrifice for that eb ject; but, in the interest of peace, sho caonot assume a T algo wish te | pesition which would piace ter m’a helpless and defenco , ing from briv abet might terd to embarrass the government, or might rerdor th rauce of peace more difficult tate my firm and entire conviction that if there bea de | \céa condition; and if wartreaks out, what r be the com rire co the part of France, as T hope there moy be, for the | sequcice, ous’ neutratity, as to asitmay t m hance of the peace of Europe, in regard to the main | ceriasn extent be an armed mentrolity—( hear) — rrinciples embodied in thie question there iano difference | ioke cur part on that aude; whatever atmay be, wich han vt of ail the nation of Kurope, | justice and the dignity of the countey may tadicate us i fore with moro especial gratification | ‘daercing cur support (Cheers) Such is tho co ned to the speech of the noole earl, and | «which l bope the wOVerUMCLE Bil be se A to detect tn ita singio princigte laid down | by cnenimous: opinion of Parlement h tgive my hearty | wy; fer eveh, I am certain, je tho c ) This the highost | rational sound awe God grant | satisfaction to the goverrment to know that an authonty so-°we msy be tpared 0 entering” tpon | vigh o€ my noble triond avd wore who sit near him, are | fo Gangerous a path, God grant that in the: eogecis not only wgreed on tho maim principles laid down, but also | cf Fu here may vail greater tmotorations C jour in the main ohject to be-odtained by the Coagress, ined hy my voble friend near 1 the b, which any arrapgement must be co: at xrant that tints ecirg forth m tho wtoions. we }ave 0% too mneh reason cnt of aby intenton or desire tp introduce aay} to m are,63T gag defore, that ifitnen ag to tho © of cxietibg treaties: Nob | charces of peace « ap TiERs.Fe upoMctihe doubt ag to the intention: of the go. | nob mons & ie tie! tas sopblzyy ir fooling of the indispevsadle nature of | and eloquent y Uitgation «f bose treaties, bat the noble & arl omitted Doble carl opporik + thas i Iaying down the four bares on which | if it be withio tho is vila felhad “nod” the tertaliy strwugtaened © taat Euglied wilt treaties ill-considered those But bow that | treaties were, they were not beyond what sie had dwar, rather than affurded any advantage to thos: whith gach | « cn aid ond quell ihe cistarbance. Well then, L . | say, let France and Austrian agree immediately to with. Grav the troops that now oocupy Central Ttaly, and let them come to a formal and public engagement that, under no creumstances, and atno future ume shall they re- cceupy these pisces (hear, bear), and then Congress may go into the questions connected with the amelioration of Italy in general. But I am inclined to believe that this tingle agreement when it was once made publicly known would lay the foundation of a progressive improvement in every State south of the Po. (ear, bear.) It canner be supposed that the people of Italy are in that disturbed end exe:ted condition in which they were found in the vear 1848, The minds of men are more reasonable row than they were then, and there isa much better un- derstand 'ng smong the natives of Italy as to the meaas by which an improvement in their administrative systems can be obtained, (Hear, hear.) ‘There is a'so much joes impatience and much less disposition to acts of violence than there was in 1848, ond Tam of opinion that if the governments and natives were cnce firmly convinced that they wouid beleit to themecives to settle their reciprocal differences, there would be laid the sure and certain foun- dation of a progreesive improvement throughout the Italian penineula. (Cheere.) 1 can easily suppose that a Congresa, if it gocs into the question of what specific reforms are de, tirable for Rome, what for Tuscany, what for Parma, and what for Modena—changes which differ in degree in those Statce— be undertaking a task which it would not be in the power of the wisest men, not kno those coun- ties, to perform. Gia Therefore I am not urging any particular eteps in regard to these matters, except the gencral encouragement and exhortation which would be felt if this, a8 one of the conditions pretiminary to tae Con. ress, should be propozed to these governments. . car.) Now it gecms to me thatthe present d tty sriges from ‘tho !na‘sposition on the part of Sardinia to corsent to ihe principle of disarmament nnlese she ig a: mitted as a member of the Congrees, With regard to that, it might be said that, consideriag that the army of Sardi nia is necessarily much smatier and weaker Austria, th alarm of ion on the part of Sardinis, If, how- ever, that jyobability were seriously contemy x Powers of England and France would require, and would doubtices obtaia from Sardinia such aesursncesas would get the mind of the Ausizian government at euse from ny A ve prebension cf danger of that kind. And Ishouldnot Supposed, aud it would be hard to suppose, that if Austria reured from the Sardinian frontier, nud if Ansteia meant to reduce her establishments, any kenstble goverament of Sardinia would con: country We prevent cate d that the principle of disarmament nay. mutted, and Conzrers haying met to = the Italism question, Sardinia would foliow the ex. Fronee and Austria, and would cease to place 2 positon tat would excite any apprehension. ud to theappitcation made by Sardinia to bow of the Congress, Leannot express any opinion of ig. A question whieh rests upou the respon. e ccverament to dete but L will just Lo or two points w oourred to ‘my mind. No doubt, it may bo said on. the “, #8 i bas been judiciously said by the | cr ot the Exshequer, toat Sardinia. has not rto heen considerest one of wo leading Powers of ore, onc tho propesttion of Russia being that the.fice at Powers which have hitberto taken apart in Baro- westiors should meet in Congress, that proposition ms tpeinde Sardinia, Bat the example ted by the tight honorable gentleman has in somo cegreo ab analogy ofa different kind. Sardinia was a mom- » Congress of Paris. And why? Because gar- had been one of the -beliigerents. She had taken part ip the war against Ressia, ard Sardinia could not, there‘cre, re estavtin her relations with Russia excep! by @ treaty oF peace, and if that treaty were to be negouaed it was but fur and just that Sardinia, who was expected to sign tt, should also have a in the na- govation of that treaty, But Sardinia a at presert to occupy a romiewhat ons porition to that which she cccupied at the Coogreag of Pora. (Gear, hear.) There has been no war in. this csee, an? Serdypia is not therefore a belligerent, bat all , he ations and this Congress arise out cf the appre. of the differcut 8, in consequence of the ar- mies which have been mointamed aad put in a threaten. riven, rnd from tho apprehensions of copflictarisiag rdinta ig cao of the parties from wnon. fors eal+t, and Sardinia ja also one of tos (Hear, hear.) Sardials me todisaraa io Austria, aud if that quession is Congress, Lough to be allowed to s Well a8 Praredand austria,” (Cheers ) ‘er these citowmetatees, ABEL a sbazk ae. ibe Powers it's 2 {9 conshier that question ow Maepaciige encore thabwbat sneigcalled us No, 2 re : rey is. So in cot man with. Fra Ascites ant tone Ur fore fiir sie should taka Visctacion’ upon neation of Clarinet ity boar.) fon the Dendgietuabe found Weep dies aes odjectiorate Sardinin being aul a mast Congreps;TiMDk youowghs not tof immediate ¢ igarny Dees whieh ou eg ou the Leary Sink nccaeaie ere sate barron Cae is he ER na ete tee coche Bett tfaterent of the, rebt ad genteman gives co of EB lect was to be diswatsed by Congress, my noble | pot he allowed to remain a 8 syretator of (Lord Ma'mesiiry) alsa laid Cown the great préncé i events which ey compre Ky. ard donor, but | hat the Congress should not entertaim any que.cion of | that @ serious responsibility, with ali ds resulls, wiid be laid mpc