The New York Herald Newspaper, April 5, 1859, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD. SaHU8KS QOKVOD GKHEKETDS, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR OFFICE A. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND HASSAU STH vent be, eet wl be uf Oe | EE soak, stomne, Money ‘Mak of Ce sender Postage sampe sat “THR OaIL? AEMALD, nos cone per THE WEEKLY HBKALD, ove ae Wee | gr 2 gor an Earn, Son ery poet ia conta annum to re Bri or 8B to any WO ooetinene both “e tnsoude po the on Sth and WRK of sack month. of eke conde comp or B30 pa THE FAMILY HEEALD, oe Wadnentay, ut for conte per 19py, oF $2 por annum. Volume XXIV saecceees MGs OF AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. NIBLO’S GARDEN, brosiway —Oin008 PRRFORMANCES— | Qpocaten Mores—Teaiver Gouses. BOWERY THRATRR, Bowery.—Mriwt or New Jersey WW LOKK any KevOKLYN. METROPOLITAN THEATBE (Late Burton’s.)—Tax Ozani- Pa—Kiss 1s Tus Dare. WALLACE’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Tuz Vereras, or ; FRANCK AND ALQRKIA. LaURA SEENB'S THEATRE, No. 624 Broadway.—1um . Roap to Ruin—Jeney Lino, THEATRE FRANOAIS, 685 Broadway—Le Guypre De M. Power BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Brosdway.—Afer- aoom—Lot Som. Kvening—Ovs Lusi Oovst WOOD'S MINETREL BUILDING, S61 and 543 Broadway— Ermioriay SonGs, Daxcrs, £0.—S1aTUE LOVER. haa tad MINSTRELS, MECH ANTCS’ HALL, 487 Brood- way.—Neano Sonas, &c.—Buuiesque Iratias Orens. TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Ducsdny, April 5, 1859. TO THE BUSINESS PUBLIC. We intend to publish agether triple sheet to morrow. We are compelled to do te by the extraordinary pres- sure on our columns by advertisements, which our | readers will cbserve in this morning's paper, and which | is likely to increase still turther. Circulation brings ad- | vertizements. Triple sheets will soon be a daily necessity inorder to give our readers all the news, This great | increase of advertisements 1s a proof of the revival of | Dusiness in all departments of trade ana commerce. Advertisers having their own interests in view willhand | | their advertisements in by nine o'clock in the evening. =| a cs } MAILS FOR £ OPE. @he New York “Herald Wdition for Europe. The Cunard mail steamship Niagura, Captain Millar, will Teave Boston on Wednesday, for Liverpoul. The European maiis will close in this city this morning at eleven o'clock to go by rafiroad, and at four o'clock in the aitermoon to go by steamboat, The European edition of the Hekatp will be publishoa as fen o’clock in the morning. Single cepies, in wrappers, Bix cents, Subscriptions avd advertisements for any elition of the New Youx Hesacy wili be received at the following places In Europe :— Lonvos....3ampaon Low, Sou& o , 47 Ladgate Hill. 74 King William street. Laneing, art & Uo. Panms..:...Longing, Baldwin & Oo. eon de lo Bourse. Lavmaroon. Starr & Co., Lame etre R. Stuart, 10 Ex: hange street, feet Eas ra Bavas.... .Lansing, "Baldwin om 2 Rae Basson «De Chapeauronge & ‘The contents of the Ruropean cigs of the Henato will Bombine the news received by mail and telegraph at the office during the previous week and ap to hour tho of NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, APRIL 5, 1859.—TRIPLE SHEET. government fifth of cae waaiscld) at anction in the city, and not exported, as heretofore. Two mer chants were the purchasers, who agreed to remit the price to France in payment of the loan of 800,000 francs contracted on the 10th of January last. President Geffrard, who was more popular than ever, devoted much attention to public educa- tion, police, and other reforms. Ex-Minister Solo- mou had arrived in Jamaica, During the carnival masks-of all the ex-royal family were seen, but the one who personated Soulouque was stabbed by an imperialist. We have news from Kingston, Jam., to the 17th | ult. Serious riots had taken place among the toll gate laborers at Savannah la Mar, who attempted | to pull down the Court House and toll gates. | Three hundred troops were sent from the city to the scene of disturbance, and, the ringleaders being arrested, peace was restored. The market rated: Flour, 38s.; pork, 963.; meal, 21s.; sugar, 17s. to 21s., and rum, 3s. By the arrival of the overland mail we have dates from San Francisco to the 1th ult. The ships Argo, Carrier Dove and Edward Stanley, from New York, had arrived out. The steamship Indian, which left Liverpool on the 23d ult., had not been signalized at Portland up to 12 o'clock last night. She will bring four days later news. But little of importance transpired in the Legis- lature yesterday. The bill to incorporate the New York Astronomical Observatory passed the Senate, The Tammany Society held a regular meeting last evening at the “Old Wigwam,” and the only business transacted was to elect one person to membership and to initiate several persons elected members at a previous meeting. The Whig General Committee met last evening at Thorp’s Hotel, corner of Broadway and Eighth street. Mr. Hiram Ketchum occupied the chatr. After the transaction of the regular routine busi- ness, Mr. Ketchum made an address, which was re- ceived with considerable approbation. The gist of Mr. K.’s pemarks was to the effect that the old line whigs would not allow themselves to be forced by either the republicans or democrats to support any man for the Presidency except a man who by his antecedents had proved himself 4 national man and who could be relied on as a national Chief Magis- trate. The Board of Supervisors met yesterday, but transacted no business of general interest. The Board of Aldermen did not organize last [eae ey three members (the President and ssrs. Adams and Owens) being present. Seve- ma of the members are at Albany, having been sent on as a committee from the city to remon™ strate against the passage of the charter now be- fore the Legislature. The Board of Councilmen were in session last evening, and laid on the table the resolutions of the Aldermen protesting against the passage of the amended city charter. The majority and minority reports of the special committee on the contested seat were lost for want of a constitutional vote. The great sparring exhibition came off last evening at Hoym’s Theatre, Bowery. Heenan and Morrissey met for the first time since their Canada fight—had a splendid set-to, and parted in the best of friendship. The sparring was decidedly supe- rior to what was ever before displayed at any ex- hibition in the city. There were 2,500 persons present. Everything went off orderly. The case of Edwin Forrest against Nathaniel P. Willis—a libel suit of some years standing—was in order for trial in the Court of Common Pleas yes terday, but was postponed till Friday next. The case of the mandamus against the Mayor, to compel him to sign the warrant for the payment of pablication. MANS F FOR THE PACIFIC. New York Herald—California Edition. The United States mail stoamsiip Ulivois, Captain McGowan, wil) leave this port this alernoon, st two o'clock, for Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts of the Pacific will close at one o'clock this afternoon. The New You Wuraty Axxar>—CeBfornia edition— @ontaining the latest invelligence from all parte of the World, will be published at eleven o'clock in the worning Single copier, in wrappers, ready for mailing, six cente. Agents will please send ip their orders as early ar por- ible. The News. Our special despatch from Washington contains } information relative to important movements on the part of the government with reference to our difficulties with Nicaragua. Mr. Runnels, the new- ly appointed Consul at San Juan det Sur, leo this port today for Central America, with des- patches to our Minister, Gen. fx manders of the Home and P, instructions sent out to these ment are said to be of a peremptory ch such as will hasten a settlement of the que: pending between the two that an opinion has been ¢ ters that a necessity for an ex gress: occur, owing to the cond foreign relalions. The trial of Hon. Daniel FE. Sickles, charged with the homicide of Philip Barton Key on the 27th of Febrnary last, was commenced in the Criminal Court at Washington yesterday. The cour room was crowded with spectators, a large number of whom were witnesses from this city. After usual preliminaries, the work of empannelli jury was commenced, and of thirty that had l summoned five wore selected as competent to se The Court then ordered an additional number of jurors to be summoned for attendance to-day; and thus closed the first day’s proceedings in this im- portant case. The demeanor of Mr. Sickles was characterized by his habitual self-possession. A "s paper. lection in Connecticut for members of Congress and the Leg place yesterday, and resulted in the “comple te suc: cess of the republican The steamship Cal jal quar of Con- n of our who is terday morning with advice m Have the | 20ch ult. The war steamer i de Asis had Janded General Planas, second in commar eit to the Captain General. The ci healthy, bat the fashionable ended, visiters were com sian war frigate Gefflon ‘on the same day as the C Prince on board, whose name is not given. Prussian Consul at this port, Mv. John W. Sehy states that the vessel is on her way home from scientific craise, and he is not aware any distinguished visiter on board, unless her The captain may be the Prince alluded to. frigate must be home in May, and the can pay us but a short visit, The fiag-ship Indus was at Havana. Sugars very dull, with two hundred and # boxes on hand. There was a ramor that severe sugar cane fields were on fire in different parts of | the island. Freights had slightly improved. Ex change on New York was at from one-half to one we and « half discount. The cases of Senors Ascencio | and Castro still engaged public and official n tion. A portion of the Maretzek opera troupe left in the Cahawba. ‘The United States steamer Mec Dio de Janeivo February 16, from tailed on the 17th for River Plate. By the arrival of the ship Grey Eay t Phila- Gelphia we have received files from Rio Janciro to the 2st of February. The weather had heen very ‘wet at Rio for sixteen days previous, causing the roads in the interior to be impassable, which pre- vented produce being brought to market. Coffee ‘was very scarce, and the stock in first hands very proall. We have accounts from Port au Prince, Hayti, to tle 2let ult, Our correspondent states that the | 19 ba arrived at this port yes | to of yen grnnne the salary of Mr. Morton, as City Inspector, was yesterday postponed until ‘fhursday next. On ademurrer in the case of the New York and New Haven Company against Schuyler and others, Judge Ingraham delivered an important decision yesterday, which will be found in another column in this day’s Heranp. In the Oyer and Terminer yesterday there was an unusnal array of alleged murderers. A graphic description of the parties is given in another col- umn. None of them were put forward for trial, and the Court adjourned till Monday next. The Southern rivers this spring are higher than ever before known, and already several large cre- | vasses in the Mississippi above New Orleans are re i | ported. The Philadelphians are in the midst of a fugitive slave case excitement. An account of the affair is given in another column. The sales of cotton yesterday embraced about 3,000 bales, all of which, with the exception of about 309 bales, were made in transitu. The market for the transit lots was easier, While, owing to the limited transactions for | jots in store, quotations were somewhat irregular, though without establighed quotable change in prices, Flour was heavy, and lower for common ond medium grates of State and Western nile the higher qualities were less buoyant and at was duli, and aalea limived to emall lote of $ given in another place, sales were moderate. with {wcreased sales, including On $i7 8714, with n gale for May de- t $18; prime sold at $12 624 a $12 75. Beof was lard was heavy. Owing sugars to come off to- , being conflued to about 490 « 500 bhds. Coba and New Orleana at rates ther column. Coffee was ia fair request, and eady. The sales embraeed about 1,750 bags of 1 500 do. St. Domingo. Freight engagements wero rate, and rates unchanged. Avmnican Crvizeys ts Peruvian Dunqerons.- We publish to-day, in another columa, three in- ting and touc letters from American ens, two of whom are now confined in the sof Fort Independence, at Callao, and ird— Mr. Monsalve-—was recently there, ctim of @ most unprovoked outrage on the part of the Peruviun authorities. ‘In all of these | cases, under one pretence or another, the ninth ar- ticle of « ug treaty with the Peru-Bolivian Confede ration, which stipulates that our citizens | or their agents shall have free opportunity to be | pre sent at the taking g of oll evidence and exami- at may be exhibited in their trials, has 1 wilfully violated. We must confess that it * not alone in Pern, but in all Spanish and Spanich American counteies, this treaty stipula- | tion, which has heen wisely inserted to shield the rigbte of our citizens, has been suffered, by pre- vious administrations, to lapse into impotence, We know that the foolish Koazta letter of Secretary Marcy has brought upon the Depart- | ment of State many cases of wilfully originated | reclamations egainst foreign governments, and that its portfolios are crowded with bogus cases. | Bot in the present cases with Peru we have | good reason to fear that they have been aggravated by a too long official residence | of our present Minister in Lima. We have | bad repeated information from private | and responsible sources in Peru that such is the | fact. It was well said by General Jackson that | American ministers abroad should be frequently brought home, in order to re-Americanize them; and the President could not do a wiser thing, nor one more agreeable to the great majority of our citizens having business relations in Pera, than to apply this axiom to Mr. Clay, and give him the benefit of a short residence in his own coun- try, from which he has been so long absent. In the cases which we have to-day brought forward, wedoubt not that an interview between Gen. Cass and Senor Zegarra, the newly received Minister from Peru, would have a beneficial result, and we hope it will take place at an carly day. Important from Washington—American In- terests in Central America. It will be seen by our special despatch froin Washington this morning, that the President is fully alive to the critical state of the interests of our citizens in Central America, and has taken steps to secure them from harm in any and every event. A special messenger leaves to-day, by the steamer for Aspinwall, with instructions for Gen. Lamar and the Commodores of our Home and Pacific squadrons; and should the private ac- counts that have been received in relation to the recent negotiations in Nicaragua turn out to be correct, that government, as well as the others in Central America, will soon find out that there is some other power in the world than that wielded by the Anglo-French alliance. In view of the possible necessities that may grow out of the complicated state of affairs in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, orders have been sent to the several navy yards to prepare a large num- ber of vessels for immediate service. In taking this energetic and prompt course Mr. Buchanan has exhibited a clear conception of the true charneter of those irresponsible insti- tutions called governments in Central America; and ¥f our diplomatic representatives there com- prehend the President’s views, and do not permit themselves to be humbugged by diplomatic palaver, they will soon bring the unscrupulous rulers of those republics to a sense of the fact that there are rights which must be respected, and which they must respect. An energetic de- monstration now, insisting upon the immediate re@@gnition of the claims of our citizens, and a disposition to do them justice, will have a greater effect upon the unwise rulers of those States than even a declaration of war would at « later period, and will doubtless save us from such a resort. The course Mr. Buchanan has determined to pursue is just what was required in the present emergency, and we have no doubt will bring President Martinez to his senses. . Tue Triar, or Mr. Stcxirs.— Yesterday com menced at Washington, before Judge Crawford, the trial of Hon. Daniel E. Sickles, charged with the murder of Philip Barton Key on the 27th of February last. Associated with Mr. Ould, the District Attorney, was Mr. J. M. Carlisle, on be. half of the people; and for the defence appeared J. T. Brady, of New York; E. P. Stanton, of Pitts- burg, and others. What rarely happens on such oceasions, both sides declared they were ready to proceed; and five jurors were sworn, when the panel of thirty was exhausted, and an order was issued to summon seventy-five talesmen for this day. The panel was evidently (vo small, considering that it was a case in which so many had become strongly prejudiced either on one side or the other. It was surprising that even five could be obtained from a panel of thirty. The Judge, however, did not go the length of our New York judiciary, who will not permit a man to be sworn who “has formed or expressed an opinion.” In the District of Columbia it seems an opinion may be formed by a juror with- out disqualifying him, if he has formed it on a mere “rumor;” but if he has formed it on “a knowledge of the facts,” then he is disqualified. Thus do lawyers and judges differ and draw hair- splitting distinctions “between tweedledum and tweedledce.” To-day, it is to be presumed, the remainder of the jury will be obtained, and then.the testimony wil] be procecded with, when we shall see what course the trial will take—whether it will be very short or very long and very ex- citing—whether the Court will permit the provocation to the homicide to be given in evidence as a justification, or at least a palliation, of the offence charged—and whether the antece- dents of the accused and the deceased will be- come the subject of testimony and investigation, Tf the antecedents of the living are inquired into on one side, the antecedents of the dead must be inquired into on the other, and this will involve a long trial and a travelling out of the record: Such an inquiry has nothing whatever to do with the case, which ought to be decided on its own merits, That Sickles killed Key there can be no doubt—that Key was guilty of criminal conver- sation with the wife of Sickles is equally certain. The question is whether the Court will admit the latter fact in evidence as justification of the for- mer, or if not, whether the jury will assume the responsibility of taking into account the provo, cation offered in testimony, though not received by the Court. Much may depend on the point whether there was any premeditation, or whether Mr. Sickles was suddenly incited to the deed by the sight of the destroyer of his happiness making signals, as is alleged, to his lost and ruined wife. The counsel, like skilfnl generals, do not disclose their plan of battle beforchand; but the foregoing points will undoubtedly come up in the course of this novel, which, take it all in a)l, is without a precedent in the annals of our criminal jurisprudence. Avenpine tHe Crry Onarrer, Mr. Pond, amending the charter of this city and revolutionizing the whole municipal government, is the special order of business in the Assembly to-day. There are some good points in this bill, as we bave before remarked. Those clauses which place more power in the hands of the Mayor, for instance, provide something long re- quired—something, indeed, without which, as things now go, this cify would not, be fit to live in in a short time. There is one point proposed, which will attract general attention, namely: prolonging the term of office of some of our city officials. If the Legislature is to interfere at all on this subject, it is office should be extended than decreased, for the reason that when the people elect a man to serve them for a certain time, it is presumable that they have confidence in him, and desire that he should hold office for that period. It is, therefore, neither dignified nor proper that mem- bers from the rural districts should put him out before his term expires, We doubt, indeed, whether they have @ constitutional right to do this at all. more just that terms of — for a longer period If Mr. Busteed bas | not performed bis duti faithfully while ia | office, the prop-r course would be to pro- cure proofs othe contrary, ay them before the Governor, and let bim be dismissed if found wanting. But this attempt to legistate hiar out of office, to gratify a set of bad men in this city-— bogus democrats and worse republicans—is sneaking and cowardly. The object of this move, however, is obvious enough. The idea prevails that the office of Corporation Counsel is a mine of wealth and political influence ; and tae spoils republicans desire to cut off Mr. Busteed and put a partisan of their own in bis place, with a view to controlling the nextelection. We hope, therefore, that all offices will be treated alike in this respect, and if the bad pria- ciple of altering the tenure is to be forced upon us, let there be some consistency ; but the better way would be to have the bill rejected al- together. Tue Spriveé Trane asp Busrvess Pros- Precrs.—On every side are to be found the evi- dences that the spring trade will be one of the mest active and vigorous that has been wit- nessed fora number of years. A Jong expe- rience has taught us that our advertising columns present an unfailing barometer of the tone of trade, and’ from the earliest period of the season we have witnessed its constant rise, and onit have predicated our frequently expressed opinion that the preseut season would prove a good one for commerce. So constant and 60 great has been the pressure upon them, that we are now forced to admit the conviction that the indicator has risen above the fair weather line and stands on prosperity point, We have endea- vored to avoid the step, but our necessary issue of a triple sheet to-day tells a more eloquent story of the business activity of New York than a volume could unfold. Not only does our city and its trade grow with the growth of the coun- try, but it exhibits the evident signs of a perma- nent resuscitation from the depression that has characterized it since the year of panic. And it is not alone in New York that we perceive the signs of a gene- ral revival. Everywhere throughout the country they are equally apparent. The disappearance of the snow from our North- ern and Western fields shows the fall and winter sown crops to be in a most promising condition, and in those of the South the signs are equally encouraging to the farmer. Old crops have moved off, with varying degrees of profit, but at prices which, combined with the economy that followed the panic of 1857, have left everywhere the broad: foundations of a healthy consumption. Our imports during the present season exceed in quantity those of many previous years, and it isafavorable symptom that they come in ata valuation which is generally from fifteen to twen- ty per cent below the average of the five years preceding 1958, and this fuctin its turn con- tributes to animate and extend trade. Our stores are crowded with customers, who, finding prices to range within the means of their consu- mers, carry off the stocks with wonderful rapidi- ty ; and while the domestic manufactocries are ran down with orders, the importers generally lament that they had not extended’ the lines of | foreign goods to the extent of a quarter ora third more. As a natural consequence of this prosperous state of things, everybody is in good humor, and:the people are not at all disposed Arramté IN Mrxrco.-We give clewhere to day a puwfer of interesting levers fom the capital and western coast of Mexico, whion pre- sent # faivhinl picture of the internal condition of that unbappy republic. Taking the nows therein given, in combination with the moet re- cent advices from Monterey, Vera Craz aod | Tehuantepec which we have published, we may sum up the present condition of the civil wac there ae follows :— The church party, with its centre and soul in the city of Mexico, has been able, with the aid of the remains of the old army, to hold » large portion of the central, most populous and most wealthy districts of the republic. Among the military a new leader, in the persou of the youny, active and energetic soldier, Miramon, has appeared, and having eudden)y riven to the Presidency, he | bow centres in himself all the hopes of the cleri- cul and the military classes, While he coudnct- | ed the campaign in the North and Northwest he was everywhere sueceasful; and having takea San , Luis Potosi on one side and Guadalajara on the other, he sent Gen. Perez Gomez to extend his rule to the shores of the Pacific. The revolution of Robles suddenly called him to the capital, and finally resulted in giving him the Presidency. He at once set about preparing an expedition against Vera Cruz, the strongest and moat im- portant po:nt held by the coustitutioualists, and he is now engaged in carrying it out. Our latest advices show that on the southern routes, from the table lands to Vera Cruz, he had driven the censtitutionalists from the passes of Omealca and Chiquihuite, which are the points where the two principal roads from Orizuba de- bouch upon the plains along the coast; aud oa the northern route the constitutional forces had been withdrawn from Jalapa to the National Bridge. The fever season, however, is at hand, and if he does not strike his blow at Vera Cruz soon he will not dare to take his army down from the high: and temperate regions to the hot and arid plains of the voast. In all the States lying near the circumference of the republic the constitutionalists are in the ascendant. President Juarez has his seat of go- vernment at Vera Cruz, which is strongly forti- fied against an assault, Yacatan and Tehuante- pec acknowledge him. Alvarez holds the Pa- cific shore at Guerrero, as far 26 to the mountain passes to the central table lands, and is said to be preparing to take the field himself during the coming summer. Garza holds Tamaulipas, on the Texas frontier, as a constitutionalist, as also does Vidaurri the States of Nuevo Leon and Coahuila, These two Governors are preparing a joint expedition against San Luis Potosi, Pes- qviera holds Sonera for himself, under constitu- tional colors, and has succeeded in driv- ing Perez Gomez, the General that Mira mon sent to conquer the Pacific coast, ont of Mazatlan. In Michoacan, Governor De- goilado has a body of undisciplined and uncontrollable irregular troops, which have on every occasion run away from Miramon aud pillaged every place they have entered. These now threaten to attack Mexico while Miramon is attacking Vera Cruz. There is little reason to suppose they will do so. Of the merits of the contending parties little can be said, The church party, sustaining Mi- ramon, is @ most bigotted and intolerant sect of the Catholic chureh in Mexico, for even all the to believe that the country is going to the devil | quite so fast as the politicians would have us | suppose. We have always observed that when the politicians find times good, the people suffer; and when the people have as much as they can do to attend to the active demands of business, the politicians despair of being able to save the count spring. The whole country presents the most satisfactory evidences of a healthy state of things | in a business point of view, and the people have something better to attend to than political ab- atractions-about niggers and such nonsense, The result will be that we shall have a good. basiness year for all. The present prosperity among the | manufacturers, mechanics and commercial elass- es now will enable them in their turn to become | large consumers. Thus prosperity begets pros- | perity. And if the present flattering promises of the coming crops are not blighted by an un- toward season, the farmer will in the harvest ex- perience the beneficial effects that are now felt in trade. Under such circumstances we can afford to let the politicians whine. Axiecep Murprrers on Trrat.—There could be no better illustration of the fearful degree to which crime has reached in this city, or the un- protected state in which we live, than ‘the fact | that on yesterday—the first day the Court of Oyer and Terminer opened—no less than nine alleged murdcrers were arraigned, Nor is this all. There are three more parties in prison on commitments for murder, who have not yet been indicted, and several others still at large with blood upon their hands. The crimes for which these criminals are arraigned were all committed within a recent period—certainly since the Can- cemi case attracted so much attention, If in one month’s session of a single court nine trials for murder demand the investigation of a jury, what a terrible record the proceedings of all our crimi- nal tribunals will present throughout the year. Jt is truly something to ponder on, and some- thing to excite alarm in the breast of the boldest amongst us. Tux Waces Movemenr.—We reverted briefly, a few days ago, to the fact that many mechanics were demanding higher wages, and had re- fused to work at the old rates, in different cities throughout the country. It is evident that the financial crisis of 1857 could not have very seriously affected theee classes, or a “atrike”— which is usually an indication of independence and plenty of work—would not occur 80 soon after the shock. We publish elsewhere an article from a German cotemporary, which avows that the mechanics are only desirous to return to the prices of labor before’ the panic, now that trade has improved, and defends the position taken by the strikers. In the German view, the strike is the result of a closer combination of the trade associations— a union which our cotemporary highly com- mends, In connection with the article referred to, we give a communication—one of many we have received—from a person asking for some honest employment, of any kind, whereby to sup- port his family ; and doubtless there are many similar applications made daily in this ctty. To all who are in want of employment we would One of the republican organs of this city is seeking to make an undue distinction on this point. Ithad a fierce onslaught yesterday on the character of Mr. Busteed, the Corporation Counsel, no doubt with a view to exclude that office from the number of those whose incumbents are to be continued euggest to go West, where they will have a better chance of obtaining it than here. The tide of emigration is tending in that direction in great force; and where the people go in nuvnbers, whether to colonize, to farm or to prospect for gold, trade must spring up, and the demand for labor must increase. clergy are not with it. They have violated every sound principle of domestic policy, and every admitted one of international comity. France, England and Spain support this govern- ment actively, because they believe its triumph will erect a barrier to American progress south- ward. The constitutionalists, with the exception of Garza, bave exhibited more regard for the ob- ligations of international comity; but they have By | ied their zeal against the conservative and ‘his is i . is | ear eit Ze: fg LT aD: 1 : shui Socaelvgr ade regedit retrograde views of the church party to the very verge of anarchy and social destruction. The coustitution they are now fighting for not only proclaims, in a measure, the principles of French socialism, but was expressly framed by the popu- lar leaders of the distant States in such a way as to prevent the federal government from exer- cising any control over them. The power of the federal executive is so completely emasculated in that constitution that were its partisans to triumph they could never constitute a govern- ment under it that could reorganize the country or preserve the public peace. Each Governor of a State would find it necessary to keep a stand- ing army to protect society, and to appropriate jor its support the Custom House revenues of his district. This is what they are now doing, have been doing, and probably mean to do in the fu- ture. One significant fact, however, is plain in the letters of our correspondents. On the west- tern coast of Mexico the coming of our Pacific empire is abundantly evident. Western Overtanp Rovre To OreGon.— Among the passengers who go to California in to-day’s steamer is a corps of surveyors and civil engineers en route to Oregon to open a new line of communication from the Missouri to the Columbia. This route is represented as passing through a rich and interesting region of country, and when completed must open a new gate to the redundantly populated regions of the North- west and central sections of the country thatare now looking for new homes towards the Pacitlc. ‘This route first came into notice through the auspices of Mr. Jefferson, who sent Captains Lewis and Clark, in 1804, to make the first overland examination ; since which time, to the present day, many leading statesmen, including the father of the present Secretary of War, when in Congress, in 1825, from Virginia, have en- deavored to have this line surveyed and a new route opened to the Pagific that would enable our citizens to build up our possessions om the western coast. The matter, however, slumbered, and was neglected until the Hon. Jefferson Davis determined to carry out a plan that em- bodied a] the views of its many advocates, and both as Secretary of War and Cheirman of the Military Committee in the Senate, took an active and creditable course in urging the matter before Congress and the country. General Lane from Oregon, and Governor Stevens from Washington, representing the growing interests of the North Pacific, year after year, urged be- fore Congress the necessity of opening this line, in order to give increased facilities to an over- land emigration to thelr infant Territories, and labored hard and zealously in its behalf. Daring the last winter the Hon. John B. Floyd again urged, as Secretary of War, tho military ne- cessity of opening this line, in view of the present and prospective Indian troubles in the North- pI etl nce ae ew A nen the Low state of the treasury, eueceeded im huviog parsed $100,000; It being cae half of the cetimate ached, As soot as the appropriation was made, Capt. | Tlampbreyé, Uuited States Army, the Chféf of {the Bureau «f Sueveys, organized a corps of able and scienNitic engivzeers in Washington, with Justeuetions to proceed at once to the ficld te comme operaGous, who are now en route for the work. There are few thisgs that will tend to de velope more rapidly the weulthe of the North- west than this project, atel we wish it, with all | our heart, every success, ond we sball watch its results with marked interest. Sroxes Turown reom 4 Crystat- PaLacw— Namionan Cant—Tue Bran anp tint More It has long been the habit of Eaglirh journuliota: | to rail at the social delinquencies of our peopte, | as being the direct and inevitable results of » republican form of government. No crime of | marked atrocity, no domestic offence at ali un- usual in its features, has been suffered to pass | uncommented upon in this spirit, In: vain hes it been objected that whatever may be the forne of government in a country it can excercise but little influence over social vices, It cam create political offences by legislation, but it cannot alrer or give a fresh direction to passious:which ave common to all communities. Human nature is the same everywhere; and whether the’ ge- ’vernment be a despotism, a monarchy, or & re~ publie, those living under it will be swayed’by the same vicious propensities that rule mankind elsewhere. Our English contemporaries do net seem disposed to admit the philosophy of this rea- son'ng. In the true Pharisaical spirit, they seize upon our backslidings and compare them with their own moral perfections. Compurative mo- rality is always a delicate and ticklish question to deal with; but as we are not allowed to treat it on broad general principles, we must faim descend to vulgar faets. The developements in connection with the Wis- consin and Ohio State frands and the Navy Yard investigations have, we see, furnished oue of those journals—the Loudon 7imes—with another of those opportunities for a preachment on the vices and fundamental errors of republican go- ciety, in which it periodically loves to indulge. If we are sinners, it can at least be said of us that we are no hypocrites, aud we confess at once the enormity of the offences with which we are charged. What we do not ackuowledge, how- ever, apd what, by no process of reasoning, cam we be brought to admit, is that these delinquen- cies are peeuliar either to American society or to republicanism. We think we can show that under the boasted’ constitutional system of Eng- land, its costly state church and its refaed aris- tocratic training avd influences, as brutal, as de- grading, and as vulgar offences ugaiast law and morality are daily recorded as any which are committed under our democratic wad religiously independent institutions, Let us first investigate crimes against society, and examine the right which Baglishmen have to lecture us. in regard to them. The facility with which the marriage tie is dissolved here is continually thrown in our teeth. Until the new divorce Jaw was passed in England, of course the difficulty and expense of procuring legak separations operated as.a check upon the inclina-... tious of the unhappily mated, and left us no fair means of comparison. How stands the ease now ? Since the Ist of January the new Divorce Court in London has had three sittings, averaging fourteen days each, and on cach day no less tham four applications, founded on charges of adultery and cruelty, bave been sustained and granted. In regard to murders, one has only to take up @ London paper to sce that that obedience to the law which is claimed to be the great character- istic of Englishmen exercises but small ia- fluence in restraining that class of crime. In one number of the Morning Chronicle we counted, not long since, no less thaa five barbarous murders. In fact, every London mail that arrives brings us 9 fresh cata- logue of these atrocities. As to government frauds, we have only to refer to the case now oo- cupying the attention of our tribanals in con- nection with the Weedon Commissariat, to show that delinquencies of this kind are by ua means uncommoa under the purists who have the administration of civil affairs in Great Britain. We should indeed have thought that the developements made during the Crimean war, when hecatombs of lives were sacrificed by official corruption, would have sufliced to keep English journalists silent on thie point. The loose manner in which justice is administered ia our courts is also made a subject of reproach te us, We admit the fact; bat bad as it is, we pre- fer our rystem to that which in a political prose- cution like that pending against the members of the Phoenix Society in Ireland paralyzes the de- fence by intercepting and making use of the cor- respondence which passed between the prisovera and their counsel. The soi-disunt free instituvious in which such practices prevail—and we have the confessions of Sir James Graham to prove thaa they are frequently resorted to—differ in our opinion but little from the avowed despotism of the Continental systema. The form does not alter the fact any more than dovs the self. righteousness of the London Times convince ns that morality and puritanism are identical. Tur Boarv or ALDERMEN AND THE Learsta- turK.—Nothivg has yet been done towards set- tling the difficulty about the City Inspector. Another communication from the Mayor was to have been before the Board of Aldermen yes- terday, but as there was no quorum present, nothing was done in the matter. Some half dozen of the Aldermen have rushed off to Al- bany to save the city government from legisla- tive encroachment, and it is whispered about-the City Hall by some uncharitable people, that thia virtuous indignation at the proposed amend- ments to the city charter arises from the fact that one clause in the bill takes the confirmation of contracts ont of the hands of the Board of Aldermen, and with it, of course, much of the spoils which pertain to the honorable position of the members of that body. A Protection tHat Dows Nor Far.—if all the evils that men suffer from were left to hu- man redress, we should be in a had, way. When our streets get choked with filth, and our lanes and alleys reek with the miasmatic odors which threaten epidemical visitations, we look in vain for some relenting of the purpose of those who fatten and grow rich on our miseries. We fancy ourselves doomed by the destroying angel, and west, and with a view of having lines open across the continent for the movement of troops via the Missouri and Columbia rivers, and appealed to Congress not to allow another season to pass over without taking some steps that would enable the Department to open this line. Again, Mr. Davis urged it before the Senate, and notwithstanding repine in bitterness against the lot which has placed us in a city so badly ruled and cared for. We forget, ungrateful as wo are, that thore isa Providence above us that guards against the shortcomings of those placed in authority, and we are reminded of it only when the heav pouring down their torrents, sweep away