The New York Herald Newspaper, April 3, 1859, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. HOLE NO. 8246, IE WAR QUESTION IN EUROPE. forrespondence fr Parts, Brussels Berlin—Approaching Meeting of the ls Conference—tits Action Predeter- j—Austria to be Placed Under m—The Princtpalities to be Inited—America to be Then Taken In Hand—Freneh Designs in the Gulf of Mexleo—Mazzini’s Cir- cular—Sptrit of the English and Centinental Press, &e., &e., do. OUR PARIS CORRESPONDENCE. Paria, March 10, 1859. Opinion in France— War Supposed to be Inevitable Ball at the Tuileries—The Princess Otothilde— ch Prices of Foreign Title— Marriage in High Life. live in times when every day marks the inaugura- matuarity of events preguant with the fate of the Since J last wrote, the grand manifesto in-the ww has appeared, explaining the purely defensive ter of the alliance between France and Sardinia, Horoving the credulity of mankind for supposing e Emperor ever dreamed of anything but peace. event bas been followed by two others of no leas , Dameiy—the Imperial lever to Sir Francia Hoad since Napoleon's resignation. will naturally be anxious to know what, as far as it collected, public opinioa in this country says on of such interest. Great allowance must be made nblic writer where the usual organs of popalar re- are go entirely under ban. Bat I firmly bolieve ot mistaken wheo I say that tne Emperor is daily ing more and more a setting star in the eyes of ‘ho had gradually brought themselves to believe in rpetual ascension. Official manifestations in the ur, tollowed by the ejection of a cousin-minister, private letter to an individual, writtea expressly for jation, are viewed very mach to the light of fatuitous Jes, similar to thoge of exhausted nature on the eve olution, We live, to be sure, in France ever more {m a most mendacious atmosphere, but such a lying hent as was put forth by the official organ has seldom itnessed in any civilized country. It might have H the parpose of Soulouque at Hayti, but with all his give art it can only injure the Emperor here, Men es in their heads must believe their senses. They wen the pamphiet whivh denounced war and advo- peace violently seized, and its author threatened brosecution, while another, which assumed a con- ‘one, was every where encouraged; they have seen rrival ef picked troops trom Algeria, the incessant biog and countermarcbing of large bodies ready to own on the Italian frontior, the din of preparation on night and day atthe various arsenals, the pri- stimuiants forwarded to the coloneis of regiments, fet suddenly they are told that nothing beyond the routine has been done, } general opinion I believe to be, that peace is, ver, impossibie. It is thooght that the inflammatory fr,pent up in Lombardy must speedily flad a vent— Lustria will be compelled to taxe strong measures, hat thus a genera! confusion will follow. It is be- that Napoleon in bis heart desires war, but that, d by the deep disinclination exbibited by the peo- yy their utter want of sympatay in his /dées Napo- ys, ho has been compeiled to change his policy. where, on all sides, commercial and agricultural, jougert representations have been made of popular nance. Prinbe Napoleon, the arch spirit of the war, en furious; the cabinet acenes are said to have been Lredible violence—no language Loo coarse, no epithet pntemptuous. The conversation between his High- and Count Persigny, which got into the London ls, aud which toe recent official manifesto has de- {10 be totally inexact, was, if the parties in question jemeelves to be believed, as exact as could be; for, private informaton, fam enabted tostate snat Prinos Jeon and Couns Persigny exch sent a mesage to the car- dent of the London Tomes, declaring that what he hat was perfectly true Fome perhons the sacrifice of Pion Pion is believed to ifere sbam, but by far the larger portion of society posed to think that the Eayperor, view:ng the stolid of bis iteges, the jealousy of Bnglaod, the generat bation of Germany, found bimseit compelled to ute some get which might seem 4 bona fide pledge o ic pol Tu his Own persoa Dis Majesty is unfortu- y obiged to pay the common penalty which attacbes to @ convicted le Once, in the of the whole world, be violated bis solema and no language, however touching and rently trutbful, recorded for the assursnce of man ,can now be imphsitly trasted. Eis ietter to Sir Head, the quoudam Governor of Canada, has sin ieparaged his positon Itis looked upon a3 infra tutem, and indicative of coogcions weakness. At the h time, Lam myaclf not eo sure that there is nota bidden policy in etatements which affect to receive jem Intended for bimself personally, and bis des s0tic am of government, as directed against France geoo- The Emperor knows well that woea every otoer in bis bavd 18 Jost, there always remains the great igh tramp; aod though it does not suit me purpose to present’ vse of it, he probably thinks it aa well to ind the sensitive French people that be still bole it, ie a feeling abroad that the present crisis, end how y, 18 pregnant with futore interest to the Navoleon sty. It, mspite of Lord Cowley’e mission, Monueur itestoes, Private letters to ex-Canadian Goveraors, and io-miniater sacrifice, the toflammatory element ia ltaly white and exprode, % remums to be seen whethe; imperiay eagie wilt take afresh flgnt or be brongnt to the cust from its towerog height. If, on the rary, the atmosphere should be calmed, and matters Ut0 their pristine repose, then 4 grave question arises ker ail Rurope cau remain with impunity avy longer e mercy of one speculative individual, wav, by his est word, Can dizartange ail tue exchaages, can stag. commerce, compel the expenditure of fraitiess mii- }, divert men’s thoughts from the steady occupations: fe, and develope ali the sangamary passions of ha ity. Betwixt the French people and a state of furioas ‘chy, Napoleon bas stood for six years. All moral age was utterly devd in the bation; but ithas now breathing time, and many are oegianing to say that high time’ France should take matters into her owo 8. the meantime, while the curtain still veils the mignty e, their Majesties hive been giving a grand fancy at the Tuileries, marked by more than usuat magni ee. His Majesty wore the antiorm of a superior ott! the time of Louis XV., and the Empress a court is of the same period—red, black and gold, sparkling diamonds and precious’ stones. The Princess Ma appeared af Queen of Syria, and the Prin. Cloumide as Mary Stuart. Count dé Nienwer- fc represented a Crusader in chain armor, and M. do tea fartar. About tweive o'clock a car, drawn b; , Made its appearance, bearing the Counters do weki, tho Marquise de Cadora, tho Countess de ny and the Countess de Labidowa, ail most charm ly arrayed, and representing the treasures of the floral ‘dom, The car was literaily filled with flowers, and ing before their Majesties they presented to tho preke® & magnificent bouquet, as well as to tho pria- jes who sat near her. Then, pursuing their way gb the crowd, they distributed, right and lett, roses, ations, dahlias and other similar favors. Afver this scene a second was enacted, the executants boing ot de Taschor do la Pageria, disguised as Silonus, med with vine loaves,and followed on a sledge by the intwese de Tascher, accompanied by a party of grape ers with gtided baskets full of banches of the fruit. ; second cortege gave plice to a band of mate and fe lo gipsies, who executed a pictaresqne ant animated jrilie in front of their Majesties, The Emperor ant Emprees waiked about seyarately among the guests diferent salons, conversing guily aad Without any potion to etiquetie. Two suppers were served—one at o’eloek and the other at five—in the theatre, trans- ped for the occarion jato a banqueting room At the ber end af the stage was contrived a cascade of water, ich, failing from rocks and verdure, imparted a re hing coolness to the air, About 800 invitations had in tesned, and the féte did not terminate until aix o'clock morning nge whisperings are fiving about regarding the Prin. jountide, She ie said to be of a pecuidariy sensitiv We, and the entire want of anything (ke eathasiasa er of loyaity or religion, in her adopted country, 18 re ted to bave shocked her greatly, ‘When [go ouy a n to look josiousiy upon me as an intruder,” was he ation to a Sardinian lady of rank; “no sound of wel 6 has ever ouce greeyed my ear since Foame, as re ds the people. If I follow my devotions as my mother bt me when alive, those about mo stare and all surag t sboniders, as if f vere commuting an ace of fatuty Prince places no impediment in my way, but sme contemptuously, a8 on asilly child. T hope Lana things better as [ grow more habituated.” very Magnificent work has been brought ont at tho ned Opera, entitled Herculaneum.” ag An Opera, its Buc. seems thore thaa doubvul, but as a aploadid exhibi pf ecente representation, even Paris has rarely wit ed woy thing } equal it. The scene fs laid in the city of roulaneum, almost on the eve of its destruction, Wo introduced t the Queen, surrounded by a crowd of ctiere and populace, displaying the various costumes of Asiatic#, Greeks and Latins who pooped this ancient jan colon: There we bave the persesutors of the indaens. it the grand cl de batarile ig the intro. wm of Satan himself. Uartortmately the sptondor of oon y is made W overlay the music, and althyag 10, Guey nard executes some delicous morceauz lelivere:t ya vowe which awakes the enthusiagm of tyo'an Nene, ly aga seenIC representation will chis very elaborats maintam its ground, if tt doer ay all, foture, franchmen are to have the priviloge of boar. foreign Utioe sit the following fates :—a Dako, 19,4708. ; Marquis or Coant, 7,490f.; Viecount, 5,050f.; and Baruns, | 3, mie Princess Poniatow ki and Viscount do Montarnal were married on Monday last. Panis, March 17, 1859. The Nalian Question—Napolon and the English Press— Lord Cowley’s Mission—What Francis Joseph Says of Lowis Napoleon's Destiny—The English Reform Move- ment—lalian Emigration to Sardinia—Prince Napo- leon’s Resignation—Religious, Musicas and Theatrical— Chess Matters, dBc. ‘The De'!phic oracle—our friend the Moniteur—has once more put forth its mystic voice; but thiz time it is Ger- mapy that it utters its soothing words. One is naturally reminded of the famous proverb: ‘Qué s’excuse, s’accuse,”’ when, day after day, the French government finds it thus necessary to make continued protestations of its ua- aggressive and pacific policy. To-day it is France that must be encouraged, then Great Britain, and now all Ger- many must receive, arrectis quribus, the speech that can- not lie, Alas! that men should be go hard of belief that they will not listen to the voice of the charmer, charm he never 60 wisely! Napoleon the Third will be compelled to become a mighty hero and conqueror, because no one will credit bis peaceable inclinations. It is in vain he utters words of romantic tenderness to England, of dignifled assurance to the Confederation: his own exchaoge lores all heart as he speake—the Confederation curls its Nip, and England responds by her recognized organs in tones s0 bitter, sarcastic and coutemptuous that the London Examiner, London Daily News, and other Britieh journals, are confiscated forthwith on their ar rival—nowwithstanding which innumerable copies of these newspapers surreptitiously find an entry, aod their winged words fly through the land and fall like dragon’s eth on the soil. It is really impossible to doubt that, come what will of the present question with Austria, a day of reckoning is surely preparing for that hereditary foo whose insular position no longer gives immunity to it. Literally every arm in France is moving and bracing itself for the strug- gle that ia felt to be inevitable, and Napoleon knows: that if the blow can be planted under his segis, he will baye done more to endear himself with Frenchmen of. every degree than if, under the genial sun of peace, he bad converted the whole land into one of corn and wine and honey. England is literally desperate in her ravings against him. The press again and agaia repsate that it alone has had the courage to tear away the veil a re- creant aristocracy and pusillanimous ministers of all par- ties have thrown before an imminent perj!; and it utters @ceb seditious words that it is morally impossible for the French government much longer to put up with them. Language in its own journals one-hundredth part as fierce would consign the editors to Vincennes; and it is simply logical to infer that either the English newspapers will be stopped altogether, or if continued to be admitted it will only be as pabulum for the great outbreak that is in store. Much has been said of Lord Cowley’s mission to Vienna, and of the proof it affords,at all eveots, of Napoleon's desire to concede his views to thoze of England. Bu: no one knew better than the Emperor of the French that Lord Cowley was just the last man to persuade Austria to suffer her skirts tobe cut off—to be drivea from the strong ground of establishsd treaties. No one kaew better than the Emperor of the French that Lord Cowley would simply return back as ho weat, while ali the grace of ap- parent conceesion would be left on the side of France. The character of Lord Cowley is wholly opposed to a mis- sion where all sorts of subterfuges were to be combatted, all sorts of intrigues to be foiled, and while his tall lord- ship has been staking off to Vienna, believing himself to be a sort of Plenipotentiary, our Little Emperor, with his strange little eyes, has been quietly laughing in his sleeves, I said at the time that Lord Cowley would do no 001, though ho might by his fatiure strengthen the hands of the Emperor; and, from all that has reached me, { have very little doubt that I only said the teush. I have heard, from whet I beheve the best authority, that Lord Cowley iwformed Lord Maimesbury that the bitteruess and aspe- rity were 0 great both in the court aud camp of Austria that he believea war was now inevitubie. The yuooug Emperor of Austria said, as 1 am assured, to Lady Cow ley, “Cam thoroughly impatient about these incessant peals to Napoleon’s destiny. Good God! is he the Arch aogel, and is all maokind delivered over to ais wnder me e? If tes destiny brings him to Italy, it is only fair to try whether austria bas not 4 destiny too. It is, how ever, probable that the resuit of his lordship’s mission will be announced in Parliament betore this reaches you Lord Cowley has already arrived in Paris, a3 sick of his mission, it 18 Said, as of bis ompestaoas voyage across the Channel, which, as his lordship has a pecatiar ausceptibt tity to the maladie du mer, is saying & good deal. The war trnmpet is more aud more assuming a louder note The Anstrian bas long bern concentrated oa the Lombard bank of the Ticino, within a stone’s throw of the Sardipian territory, and now the garrison of Turin has been marched out to the Austrian fronuier, added to which there is no mistake about Sardinia’s having demanded, in accordance with the recent treaty (?), sevea- ty-tive thousand men. Patriots are pouring in from the ‘wo Sicilies, the Papal territories, Tuscany, Parms, Mo dena and Austrian Lombardy to Sardinia, Garidaidi has a corps d’armée of some 20,000 of them, But a spark is wanted, and not oaly the two armies that are concentrat, ed on the two baoks of the river which divides the Aus. trian from the Sardinian soil will be vomiting forth tae misgiles of death and destruction, but who Kaows what other armies besides? It is in fact, more thaa probable that before my next letter reaches you the great drama of 1869 wili have been opened. ‘There is certainly nothing to show that the resignation of Prince Napoleon as Minister of A giers bas either changed the warlike sitaation or the contdeotial habits which have fr some time past been observed between the two imperial cousins. It is now pretty well under Stood that tle resignation of the Prince was simply a sop to Cerberus—-ometning flung to the peace party to keep it quiet, and in reality means nothing It was hoped that a great effect would be produced by it im Fagiand, coapled with the apparent confidence reposed in Lord Cowty ; but the veil was 100 transparent. Prince Naooleon’s irritabs temperament lays him open to very varied criticism, but it is unquestionale that he possesses talents, aud the pro found secresy with which for more than a yoar past he bas goarded the projest of tho Sardinian marriage proves bim not to be utterly devoid of discretion Had a syllable of this marriage transpired io Eagiaad, tae ppmeasured language of the press in that couatry would have imposed eerious obstacles in its way, and many thias that somehow or otuer Lord Cowley ought t have sooner lordehip is accredited to a government ack of keeping things more than ugnaily caché. The marriage is, however, a great fact, aad its coa Requeaces will not be lightly influenced by Prince Napo Jeon’s temporary withdrawal from aifaire, or bis escapaies with Count Waleweki. The Prioce is said to be thirsting with martial ardor to wipe ont the blot that has been cast on his heroic name—to believe in his secret heart that the destinies of France are fated to be ultimately left in his hands. What has caused the extraordinary confideaco which for the past year has existed between the tw cousjns isa mystery It is known that Prince Jerome Na- poleon possesses a protest, writen by the husband of Hortense, on the subject of the birth of Louis Napoleon, which strongly invalidates bis legitimacy, Whether some understanding bas been arrived at respecting this docu Tent is aqueetion, His Imperial Highness may faacy an ftalian kingdom presents more elements of durability than 4 French empiré, But we tive ia times wheu"great eveats progrees rapidly, and we shail probably know this and other matters before long. Tn the way of theatres, “Dod Giovanni” has been ro vived at the Italian opera, In consequence of the illness of Mine. Peneo, who was to play Zeclina, Mme. Persiani, the cherishea favorite of byRone days, ‘was wooed trom her retirement and induced to tate the part. Her voice is still a model of faded grandeur, and the most difficult audience in the world showed its appreciation by the lite- raliy enthusiastic reception accorded her. Mme, Dejazet is Dack agam at the Varieties, minus the legacy ot 200,000f., which was rroncously gaid to bave been left her, This lady is one of the ollest favorites of the Freneb public, and’ is still superior to the best and youngest of her successors, Tt is said that the state of her pecublary resources, at a period when age must soon withdraw her from the vocation she has so loag pursued with huvor, is far from equivaient to her merits. M. Mongredicn, the President of the London Chesa Ciub, has been lately in Paria to play eight games with Me Morphy, the Amerie The games are of a moat ¢ rate description, apd the moves will be duly published They present one striking pecullarity—that while, in every case, up to the sixteenth or eighteenth move both sides art equal, after this stage the American, by some unexpeoved mancuvre, shoots ahead aad retains his advantage to tne end, ‘A curious tournament is going on at the Caré de ta & gence, where upwards of one hundred of Mr. Morpay’s admirers have subscribed to give him a daner., As a preliminary, however, toey havo agreed to play together in five catégories until only one should remain victor to each division, whea the five will play with the great Amo- rican champion, at odds graduated according to the re spect strength of each category. The firat series of games has been played aireudy, and the others are being proceeded with reguiarly. OUR BRUSSELS CORRESPONDENCE. BRvseers, March 10, 1859, Signe ef Peace—Prussia and Austria—The Dangerous Al titude of Austria—American Interests in the Channel—A Neutral Commercial Depot and Navy Station—The Grain Crop in the North of BuropeA New Coat Mine in West phalia—The Cotton Interest on the Continent—New Mills Demand for India Cxton Falling Off, de., do. One of the best signs of pease ia the returning ¢on’ dence every where waniferted in commercial and fiuancis\ circles, There are, of course, a few people who continue to clamor for war and, to believe in war, but these are * i. quite lost in the universal sentiment of Europe—that a resort to arms will be the ruin of the nation which takes the step. You will not fail to notice the con tinued dislike of Prussia to the poliey of Aus tria, and, if Tam not greatly mistaken, the restoration of perfect tranquillity will be acoompanied by a domestic agi- tation throughout Germasy by reason of the double pur- | pose of the Cabinet at Vienna. The permanent policy of | Austria is wo extend and increase her influence in Ger- many. The occupation of Italy, even the Danubian ques tion, do not compare in importance with the relative posi- tions of Austria and Prussia within the German confedera- . tion. Prussia, from her Protestant faith and free trade tendencies, is destined to exert an increasing inflaense in the north of Europe, dut ooly as against the intrigues and opposition of Austria, The policy of neutrality, so firmiy Maintained at Berlin, has enraged the Cabinet of Vienna beyond measnre, and you must not be at al surprised to jearn, afier this storm has biown over, thai France will be able to fasten upon Austria, with Trueeia a & witness to the fact, that the complication in Kaly was forced upon Napoleon, and that the war attitude at Paris and the nentral poltsy at Berlin atone saved Evrope from a war deliberately contempiate1 by Vienna Upon one thing you may rely—the succeeding peace policy of France and Russia is going to be moat fatal to Avetria, She wil! have to confroat an Italian polles resting upon Sardinia and backed by France. She wi have to copfrout the union of the Principalities backed by Ruseia. She will have to confront Prussia in the Ger Manic confederetion. May not these dangers force Austria, a8 a@ measure of necessity, to bring on a conflict before the odds against her are too hopeless? A war with France, wih the aid of Prussia, would have saved future trouble; but Napoleon bas headed that move and Austria must now witness the gradual coatraction of m which will inevitably crush her, or initiate a counter move in some other direction. Where will be this move? In Tarkey? In the provinces? [n Paris itselty ‘The great Powers have taken sides—Eogland against Rus- sia, France against Austria. In the midst of these conflicta, diplomatic and poli tical, American interests seom to bave po new tral revting place We have no naval station in the Channel: we have in the Modiverraacan where we bave no very considerable commerce, Wout! it Dot be as we! to station some of those idle ships iu tl Channel? There is an important move veing made here ip the interest of our commerce; and it will, if backed by the United States, be entirely successful, It cannot be ob jected to our active participation in everytaing which ‘Vouches oi ectly or indirectly American trade, tuat we mus! have a do-notbivg-abroad policy. The matter. of the Danis apd Hanoverian Sound dues proves that wa not oniy have the right, but these are precedents upon which to rest & commercial poniey. America needs & neutral depo: on the Continent of Europe for the cargoes of her mor- chante and for her ships, in case of war or revolution, and this depot should, as ’a naval station in the Chaunel, receive the recognition of our governtheat. ‘The report to which | alluded once hefore regarding th: precarious condition of the crops in the north of Europe seems to be borne out by further information. Tae youn, || wheat is extremely tender, and a coid term would almos: destroy it. We had here yesterday one of ths most severe days of the winter, in fact tbe only winter day wo have had. There i@ not time enough w know if tt extended into the intenor, but it shows how very easily the grain crop of the north of Eurcpe may be rammed, » A Dew coal company bas found in Westphalia, at a most accessible point, a deposit of great richness, and eaid to be boundless. The quatity 14 very dne, indeed, and the company wiil furnish it exceedingly cheap. If tho re ports about this great coal deposit are contirmed, an im portaot impetus will be given to manufacturing industry on the Rhive aad in Holland, especially in cotton and wooi Tam promised a copy of the report, from which T will be abie to furnish you some travelated extracts, If the ex portation to tue Continent of cotton, wool and flax epia ning machinery from England be accepted as any orite rion, the industrial developement must be govg on hore at a rapid rate. New mills are going uo, oid mills are being enlarged, white improvement is the order of the day. Where the cotton ts to come from to fue these iron mouths [ do not see, To build a mill and then work it in short time is cortainly nota very jotelligent process. I strongly admonish your New Eng land manufacturers to secure an early supply of cotton, or they will bave to suflor the effects of a severs competition next year. Iam now having prepared « statistical tarie of the numer of spiadies and looms on the Continent (or the year ending the last day of Desomber, 1858, with » supplement of the ratio of increase and the actuai number ©? new gpindles added this year or contracted for. This statement, with an estimate of the elfect of new im provements on the consaming capucity of existing wilis, wil enable your readers to appreci i demand for cotton which is springing uo all over the Co tinent. One important feature i the vew mills is the adapiation for spinuing the lower grates of cotwn. tlere wfore the consumption of the Continent was cooflaet mostiy to the better qualities. The Texas cotwons are ia great favor in Germany, The Alaoama cottous rank next The demand for Surats, which was at one tie very gov) if failing off, a8 the Tadia cotton 18 too weak to sauiaty the trade, Clot made from India cotton rears out immed! ately, will not hold faust colors, and rots away under th slightest exposure. An inteiigent authority from Bremen informs ma that he thinks the bacco market will advance in the spring considerabiy. Ido pot know if he isa holder or no: i give the opinion for what it is worth, Tae course of the exchanges on Paris, Amsterdam aud Hamburg from Lon don is, as you see, quite natural, aud indicaves a regalar aud healthy dow of trade Brvssers, March 17, 1859. Napeteon’s Manifesto to Germany—Effect of the War Pani on Emigration—The Approaching Conyress ut Paris—Th: Union of the Principalities Certain—Austria to be by lated—French Policy tn the Gulf of Mexico—Reaction in Germany in Favor of France, 0. The political movement, at least that which ia revealed to the public, and which works on the pu mind, bas come to a standstill, This might havo been expected, ad we are on the eve of the Confe rence of Paris. The Mmiteur Universelle some time back promised ug another note, which at last has appeared. 1. is a sort of manifesto addressed to Germany, showiag how nnjost and thoughtless are those suspicions that have arisen amongst some of the German States against France, that instead of Germany having anything w fear from France, France, on the contrary, sympathises with her Then it makes a very happy comparison between the lin of conduct adopted by Austria and that adopted by Prue cia, the latter of which is far more advantageous to the German interes. You have, however, received the text of the note by this time, so that it is nut necessary for me to enlarge upon its declarations. It ia believed that the fear of war will'affect the popala tion of Germany sufiiciently to induce an increased emi gration to America, The fact of a meeting of a Congress of European Powers at Paris is considered a seitiemont of the war question by thoge who think that the only object of Napoleon was to cover up the Principalities, and forcs, through negotiations, a reconsideration of the treaties of 1815, The union of the Principalities may be regardet aa certain, and no doubt those parts of the treaties of 1816 hoatile to France will be modified. This accomplish. od, the isolation of Austria is completed. America will then be taken in hand, and, m confirmation, allow me to call your attention to the almost decluration of war by Spain agsinst Mexico. It is quite certain that the war spirit at Madrid bas French sympathy. Bat Napoleoa may be playing a deeper game, aad one which contem plates eventualities in American politics yet undeveloped. You will soon bave interesting developements in refe- rence to the designs of France in the Guif of Mexico. There are combinations weaving here of which you have no suspicion ov your side of the Atlantic, In order that you may not be misled as to the senti ments of Germany on tie war question, I make a few vx tracts from journals which probabiy do uot fait under your notice. Ip & correspondence of the Duchy of Meiwia xen, I find the folowing extract from a speech of ono of the deputies, Mr. Romural de Saizengen:— We know that France is preparing a war in which Germany will probably be implicated, for that old feeling of wishing t» reeonquer the le(t borders of the Iehine manifesta ttecl! ain tn France The French buy a great number of horses ia Ger many. an that way we assist ourenemy Let us thea refuse their money and Keep our horses It will be a prof of our vatriotion. We Fa nage here, ft is trae, bat 190,000 Ger mana, but our patrioviam oagot to be eqiui to that of the popu jstiona of the great States of the Jonfederation. Let tt know that he will find no sympathy amoogst as German Princes, all ihe Chambers take (or dev! Germany. Mr, De Harbon, the State Minister, answered :— His Highness the Duke, our very gracious lord aad yer, FJ an fer bimeelf be exce.led in pert otisar by aay Geran rince The Gazette d’ Elberfeld, of the 14th of Mt the followig:-— The cold manner in wh'ch Austria has racerved the pr posi tione of media.ion of England and o¢ Prussia has caused |; publishes very nuforanale impression fa Germany; ava tee enthusiasm wi owed t'selt at firat in favor of Adsteia baw aleecdy 1a A uFent messure abated One deyios to seo that the obstinacy of Atsiria to refues any concemion , however legitimate, ts protuciag ta elles on Germany Vhe formidable preparations for war ast sue ia making, and which are quite wausceasary for a Power wishing to rematn on the defensive, have ail tne eifecs of a p woos! Under there circumstances it is not very prove that the Diet will consent to put.on a footing of war the trovp of tae Confederation, for such a measure wou d esteoliah «ane or solidarity between Germany and the Audteiaa policy in italy, and would be directly contrary to what the combined ef forta of ingland and Prusata are aiming at. aapee Gasetle de Leipzig, which is thoroughly Germin Let Austria take care not to persist too much in her obstinate picket J what is sanctioned hy the publi: opinion of An ‘an fancies, no doubt, that abe will have that op'ntoa for ber against France, but ahe is greatly mistaken; it te nce, forsee pathy for her And Berlin have emoloyed ali their Inftuence to arrest of war, It is more to pre Ten auch e calamity falling on #urope and on vermaay, so the best thing Austria baa to do Is to break with her past polt ey and it for the generai security; to do oherwine would be to have for enemies those who unui now have been OUR BERLIN CORRESPONDENC Brus, Ma 16, 1859. Prussia and Austria—Pariéamentary Questions, de. The explanations given to tho Legisiature by the Minis. ter of Foreign Affairs respecting the attitude of Prassia PRICE TWO CENTS. in the present political @fieie are sutiefastory tall tore | TRUE POSITION AND RESOURCES OF AUS- who do not wish ipstroment of Austria, Italy 0 posed to the rational progress. Pi ways be found ready to tmasy—s tolerably plain. to be made the bhnt @ state of things in yof the age and to ai! ideas of said M. de Schieinitz, will al- ‘the real interests of Ger- tbat the “interests of Ger- many’? are not involved im the existence of treaties that give Austria a right to pr the petty tyrants of Italy fro.a the effects of their misgovérnment, aod to crash with iroa hoof every epark of bl that scintillates from time to tirne iv tbat unhappy laud. At Vieuna the meaning of these words 1s un | perfectly, and the organs of the Austiian Cabinet express their disappointment a8 openly ar they dare at What they call the lakewarmoess of Prussia in @ case which they would fain ideutify with the safety and independence of Germany. Taney are far from giving up all hopes, however, that a change will take place ere long i the policy pursued by this co1ntry, and they are encouraged im their hopes by the activity of @ small but influevthl portion m Prussia, who are en- deayoring to take advantage of the national feeling raize? nGermany by tho overbearing conduct of France to upeet an administration whore liberal measures they view wih equal alarm and disgust, ‘You are aware that ihe reactionary party inthis country, who are devotedly altached to Austria asthe chief and most uncompromising} tative of the divine righ’ of absolutism, ere in @ decided majority in tne hererditery House of }, thongh the late elections have reduced them to &@ sme mipority in the more popular breveh of the Legisintore. Ever since the begiuning of the sezsion they Dave remained, like Achilles, drawn ap tn their tents, aba observing a moody silence, only emit ting @ low grow) now apd then ia token of their dia- pleasure, On Fridwy , at length, they took the opportunity: fioancial question being brought forward to make a ravage onslaught on the foreign policy of the new cabinet, which they bad calculated woukl afford them a better chance of success than any stack upon its interval admivistration, which, as fur as it goes, bas the undivided approbation of the country. M. de Kieish Retzon and Dr. Stabe, the leaiers of the tory opposition, appeared in the character of zealous German patriots, accused the ministry of trucking to France, and ingisted upoo the necessity of joining Aus. tria in ber efforts to resist the encroachments of the “he: reditary enemy After a protracted debate, which was carried on with considerable warmth on both sides, M. de Patow, the sinister of Finance, reminding the opposi- tion that as long a8 their favorite Manteutfel was at the belm they bad steadily oschewe’ oy interference of the Chambers in the conduct of tore\yn adairs, a division took olace, in which government was defeated by a majority of 80 to 87. Tne anti yam between the ministry and the reaction, which bas long been apparent, has thus veen brougbt to a crisis, abd as there can be lictle doubt ‘ut that the latter will try to follow up their victory, matters must soon arrive at a dead jock. fhe Civil Marrioge bill and the equalizeuon of the land tax are almost sure to be thrown out in the first Chamber, aod the Priuce Regent wiil then have to make up his mind either to infuss new elements into that As sembly by a who esale creation of Peers, or to dismiss his ministry. Of course the return of the reactionists to power would involve a complete change in the foreign policy of Prussia; they would range themselves without Deeitation under the Austrian banner, and as the accession of 80 jinportant an auxiliary could not fail increase the cheractermtic obstinacy of the Emperor Francis Joseph, a European war would be inevitabie, the chief weigat ot which would fall upon Prussia, while Austria would escape comparatively scot free. It is fortunate, perhaps, that the Opposition here displayed the cloven toot in so unmistak- able a manuer; it will show the people what the tenden cies evinced by them must lead to, an! serve to allay the indignation of such patriotic enthusiasts ax murmur at the coolness snd circumspection evinced by the present ad- ministration. Peace 18 ardently desired hero by all ciast and it is certaia that peace can oaly be secured by max- ing Austria understand that, if she refuse to listen to the dictates of justice and humanity, she must doso at her own risk, and must not expect the countenance and co- operation of any other Power. PROBABLE CHANGE OF MINISTRY IN FRANCE—POSITION OF RUSSIA ON THE WAR QUESTION. [Private correspondence of Te Nord, the Russian organ— Trans! for the New York Arras Paris, March 14, 1859. ‘The situation has not chanved in Paris within the last two days, und there ie every reason to suppose that no new or important fact of policy will show itgeif before the end of this week, Lord Cow'cy is today the Messiah of the ciplomacy, and every one ie waiting for him with aa impatience that fs fully justitled by the difficulties existing, os wellas the inquietude which has grown theretrom. Now, Lord Cowley arrived yesteraay in London; to mor- row be will be in Paris, aud it is o@% impossibie that the Moniiew should, one of these cays, make koowa the opinion of the Emperor as to the results obtained at Vien- na—pot the mirsion, but the Percaetiaa ot the Eogiish Ambaseacor. It is expected that the Conference will as- sembie on Saturday, aod that the mecting wili be aa- nounced by the official organ of tne Empire to-morrow or the day after. As to what regards the latter, nothing is yet certain. It is possible that the question of Italy, wach bas «ll at once taken the first place in the pre-occupation of the diploma- cy, will come on alone, and that the alfair of the double election of Coione! Cousa, considered Low as relativeiy se- condary, Will be adjourned. On the other and, as I have already said, it ie ne longer the Priveipalities noited nor the navigation of the Danube that have the privilege of occupying Europe. The question of Italy dominates over all otbere,aud ae jong a8 that question is bot settled in one way or the other, but littieattenton will be paid to any thing else. Notwithstanding that nothing new has been produced, it is evident that the more this situation continues the more difficult it becomes, and our industry, our commerce and the state of the public mind imperiously demand a clear and quick solution The public opinion, exalted by de- grees by the provoking language of the Austrian papers, and sympatbiziog from the begmping with the just an hobie cause that Piedmont defeuds, wishes now for a war, convinced, as it 'e, that it will be Jocaized in Taly, and thas it wili be of ebort duration. The principal desire is that it should arriy soon ag poesibie, so that afuire may be seitied, which will be the case as g00n as it 1s kKuown definitively what army he relies on, In presence of the actual situation, aud at the moment when the resolacions of tue French goveromeat are about to be known, it would be wiser to wait, that tacts shoula speak for themselves, instead of couiidiog in common bypothetes or davgerous commentaries, Yet, notwith tiapding, there are abroad certain reports, oue of which, the most believed iueven by the political world, is that there will be a partial change of mimetwy, which will ve announced by the Moneur in four or five days Touta cbange in the present ministry sboald be the opinion of many, if France would adopt & policy more energetis, co put ceny, but] am folly authorized tm saying that it is not at this moment it will take place. For some days yet we statu quo will remain. It is not at a moment when the diplomacy is at work and is called on to employ all its resources and tact tbat the Emperor would thiuk of separating himself from his ministry, which is the most prominen; personitication of what is most desired at the present moment ; it is only when every combination is exhausted, when ail negotiacions have failed, and that it would be requisite to how more energy that this might take place For the moment, in presence of the immease preparations for war that Austria is makiog, ia preseace of the turn that the principal organs of the cabinet of Vienna havo taken, the French governmont, who would not like to be taken by surprige, make every preparation for the quick transport of their troops—arrangements have already been made with the companies of tne rail roads of Lyons and the north for the transport of troops by night; at the same time vessels are ready in the Mediterranean for the same purpose, Dut all this is oaly as measures of precaution which France |s obliged to take, in conreqnence of the concentration of such a considerable force of Avétrian tr in Italy. Ite veelese to add that in the present circumstances, and unti) fresh orders arrive, there is no question of our Woops evacuatiog Rome. Different potitieal persons who have arrived this morn ing from Italy represent the situation of the Penio: of « nature to create the greatest fears that aq iusury wilt shortly take place, At Turin every vue 1s waiting an invasion of the Austrian army,aud it is tat which ex- plains the ardor for defence that ie preparing in Piedmont. t ig whispered (Saye the corres; adeno" a Bertin to the Havas), and we bave every reasdn to belteve it to he correct, that the Russian ambaseadur, Baroa de Bi t- berg, hus communicated to the Minister of Foreiga At. faire a despauch from Prince Gortsonakoil, in whico he provounges in favor of peace, aad promises to asst in every way the steps taken by Prussia aod Eogland until now, in view ol Tow Rossian Cobmet recogmises the vee Muintalning the European trea ties, but adviers to review the private treaties shat A trin’bas with the emsiler Italian States. It is aduet that young Prine twschakoff, in passing here iateiy, on a voyage from Vatovie to Paris, brought to Priace Kiseolet a watch of the Fame nature ag tho one commusicated to the cabinet at Bertin. $ Lam no. intiated into the secrets of the Russian Chan- cellery, but I think Loan safety say that the derpatch of which this correspoodence speaks has not the importan: they give it. It i* merely a tarication, for the purpo: ajoing the interests of those who are at the head of that paper, As to young Prinee Gortsehakolf's visit to Paris, tis only for his own pleasure, and in nowize official, CIRCULAR OF MAZZ ON THE ITALIAN QUESTION TRIA-HER INTERNAL WEAKNESS EX- POSED, 10 THE EDITOR OF THB HERALD. New Yors, March 21, 1850. In your publication of tne 16th you cail attention to “an interesting leter’’ from Vieuna, t e Hapsbarg bea quar- tors, treating of tho condition of Austria. Your corres. pondert endeavors to impress upon the minds of your readers that the strength of Austria is immense; that the Emperor can depend upon bis faithful ubdjects, who yet shout * Mortemur pro reye nostro” —‘Lt us die for our King.’? Lehould be sorry were the pblicto be misled on this gubject, and though materials ure not scarce with which to refuie the oft repeated fallacies respecting the strength of Austria, [ shall limit mysexu to the noticiug of some of his own assertions. Your correspondent acknowledges that the cry of “ Moriemur pro rege nostro” waa raised by the nobles of Hungary when Maria Thereea, a woman in despair, with her child in her arms, appealed to them, Count Bas- thy apyi, ag leader on this memorable occasion, was the first to draw his sword and exclaim “ Moriemur pro rege nssto.? The desired support was then joyfully af- forded by the Hungarians in defenee of their own elected sovereign, and especially to maintain their ancient consti tution and independence, circumsances widely different from those now exietiwg in Huogary—for Francis Jusepo i# pot tbeir own elected Kiog, aud he has by fraud aod vor: owed force robbed the natiod of its most treasures privileges, which it bad by its biood maintained fos up warar of atbousand years. Your correapondeut consesses tbat “the army of austria is maiuiy drawa from its pro vinces, which are reputed moet disloyal.” Hungary, spxious to pupish the perjured usurper; Lombardy aad ‘Venice, in hopes, already passed over to Sardinia; Bone ta and Siltsia, wherein the poouiatioa is Oz-ch; and the northern parts of Hapga:y, where are Lechs (Rusnyaks) aod Slovaks,” aud her entire easern and southeastern frowier provinces, with the larger part of tue Baoat Croatia, INtyria, Corintbia and Da'matia, inhabited by Sclaves or Serbs, nearly all of whom belong to the Grevk church, favorable to the Czar of Russia, and allied to him iw feciiags of deaoly hostility to the Austrian dominion, 8 that your correspondent justly remarks that “even Russia i more poupular than Austria,” wat “one battle gained by Russia on the Polish boundary would not only open the road for tbe armies of the Czar to the heart of Germany, but would cause the Austro Sclavonic provinces to fall into bis havds without a biow.’’ Further, your corresjOudent admits Unat the Germans themselves are lukewarm, and that ‘sapless in a word a noiwe ess but mighty revoimuon has made the Austria of 1859 the opposite to the Austria of 3848, neither ber armies, nor her past glories, nor the in Justice of ber adversaries, can prevent her being reduce! to a third rate power among the nations of Europe’ —words certainly bot encouraging Uo the partisans of Austria. But to this I must add that formerly the Court could count upon the sy mpaibies of other Coarta, now, however, the Czar leoks upon the House of Hapsvurg as bis father regarded the Sultav—as the sick mao whose estate should be divided. The ingratitude of the House ot Hapsbarg has irrevocably confirmed the disgust of bis Muscovite deliverer, without whose timely and powerful aid in suppressing the beroic efforts of the Huagariaos in 1849 ‘the young Nero would have been drivea from bis blood gtained throve, aud the whole race of Hapsburgs would beve been consigned to oblivion, Yet now the Emperor of Austria upblushingiy asserts that he is under a9 obli gation to the Czar for that aid given him against his wiab apd that of bie immacuiate mother. As to Kugiand aad Proseia, the other quandom allies of the Austrian Court, they willin the present potitical aspect of Europe not taxe part with the Hapsburgs—indeed, if they espouse einer side, it will probably be against her. And what are the foancta! resources of Austria to day? What the inducements, in that respect, for either the moveyed or the working Classes to ataud by that goveru- ment? Her iocome, arising from excessive taxes, 18 sal jowed upin the payment of the mere luterest of her debs; coprequentiy every day must increase her embarrass ments. She must borrow, borrow, borrow, to meet even her daily peace expenses; but oa what security can ele raise money, for even her railroads aud mines are already mortgaged to Evgiish and French companies? Aud if a war commence, who will lend ber funds? Baukraptey Demg then inevitable, another liak in the chain which binds other goveruments to the people is in ner case broken. AS to depending on the Pope and Catholicism for support against the unti-Hapsburg Protestants, your correspondent labors under wikappreteusion. In the first place, the number of Catholics and non-Catbolics are not, as ne as serts, twenty. nine millions to jx miluiens, for in Huagary they are equal, and in the totality of the emp re the pro- portion is two of the former to one of the laver. And ia the secoud piace, these Catholics are not eo much more than the Protestants devoted to the reigaing dynasty. Previous to 1848 the most fraternal feeling existed ve: tween the Catholics and Protestants of Hangary—as a proof of which, in the Dict the Cathoucs always advocated an equality of religious privileges for the Protestants with themselves, though the goverument, so long as poxsibie, threw obstacles iw the way of the concession eventually accorded to the Protestants. During the straggie of i648 and 1849, attributed to revolubonary Protestantism by you correspondent, Catholicisin was represented in the Hungarian Cabinet by Bishop Horwath, minister of revigious worthip, and im thearmy by Bishop Baron Mednyausky, the former of whom yet lives in exile, and the latter diet expatriated ip Paris, aller waudering in America and Aus tralia, To show the patriotic feeliog of the Catholics and their hatred to the House of Hapsburg, ninewwen Cathotic Bishops, representing al) the diocesses of Hungary, uoited under the leadership of the learned and nobie Bianop of (eanad Lonovich, avd persoually tendered at Pesth to Kossuth, then Governor of Hungary, their devotes assis tance. Hundreds of Catholic priests, the cross in oue baad and the sword in the other, ascensed the pulpits, exno-ung their flocks to defend their independence. Mauy of those Prionts fought bravely and feil gl jously un the battle eld as private soldiers in the Huagarian army, while others, less fortunate, suffered in duageons aud ex ie = Tue thirteen generals executed on the 6th of October, 1849, at the fortress of Arad, by-the Austrian butcher, Hivuan, hombered ten Catholics, two Protestants, and oue of te Greek church. Theis names were as foliows:—Kias, Avlich, Nagy, Sundor, Torok, Lauuer, Vecsey, Poltenberg, Seu wer del, Lazar, wll Cathoiics; Lewingen aod Dessewily , Prows tapts, and Damjanich of the Greek church, Count Lous Bastby-anyi, the Premier Minister, coodrmed by the En peror, Was also a Catholic, He was execu ed 00 the sane day at Pesth as a hereditary token of grativude for the devouon of bis illustrious ‘grandfather, wno, 4s already mentioned, was the first to sustain Maria Tusresa, aat thereby the House of Hapsburg, in its hour of utmost neet, ‘The present sentiments of the Catholics iw Hungary cay be clearly perceived by the demonstratiou, ost-usibiy re Ngious but really political, made about a year aco by Se: tovsezky, the aged Catholic ’rimate of Hungary, next in ¢ rical power to the Pope. The Primate feeing bicaself, after the Austrian concordat with the Pope, independeat of the Emperor, invited the whoie Cathotic aad oop Cathole p> puiation to unite with bim in public prayer w tae Virgin for relief of the wretcbed condition of Hungary. Ther: came on the appowted day 40,000 Cathoiics, Greek churchmen and Protestants, to show that diffureuce of re Nigion made no distinction in patrioue sentimeow. Tur Procession was headed by a Protestant (J. Torok), who carried the national flag of Huggary. Afwer « eolema prayer, performc« with ail possible religious pomp in the open air, the Primate was summoned to Viwona ad audiendum verbum reyium. He went there in state, 10- na by the dignitaries and clergy of the cbarch | Taw Emperor bluntly addressed him, saying iv an angry tose, “You are no tonger Primute of Hungary;” to which tne veberavie Archbishop calmly rephed, “Your Majesty — Scitovezky is Primate of Hungary, aud ao long as he lives be will be Primate of Hongary,” then bowiug, he leit the astonished and infuriated Emperor without waiting for a rejoinder. The Archbisbop then circalated a pasvoral let ter, ordering the clergy to continue their prayers for the country and recommending the people to wait in (be con- fident bope of Divine interposition for their deliverance Notwithstanding the rage of the monarch at this avtigo vernmental conduct, open and persevered in, Scitovezsy js ana will continue to be the Primate of Huagary. Suc: is the weaknese of tbe House of Hapsburg as respects its Catholic adberehts, upon whose servile support. your Vi- enna correspondent so confidently relies Finally, as to the policy of Austria, it always bas been and is retrograde ip the extreme, while in Russia serfuom has beea anoiiwh. ed, ae banished have beeo recailed, the captives have been liberated and useful reforms of various desoripiinus have been and are being introduced, which euligatened begin ning jeads to hopes of yet sreater progress. Toe House of Hupeburg perpetrates every imagmabie abuse ano tyrau Dy, executes the Most promisiog patriots, imprisoas the best citizene, and with @ view t conceal those crimer starves some in dangeops and benge others under fot tious names when no plaosible pretext can be found tor accusing (hem of some offence which might account tor their execution; confiscating the property of ail its vic Ums; totally runing the iopooent ebiidrea, of fami lies who bave rendered in remote and 1a modero times toe Tost emivent public services. To faciiitave the comune fion of such misdeeds, Classes, nationalies and creeds are pitted against ea fend animosity 18 wickediy bus fruitiessiy exe ved between Sathoiics aad Protestanta vy bg the latter of the control over their owa self oaid 6 and schools, transferring the same to tax suyer intendence of the Jesuits—« clerical gendacmerie hated and feared by the Cathodes themselves. Can soe la system continue to exist? Ought such a sys tern to 3 to pollute the world? Aad can it b Supposed that, oppressed by a ayoke, her poonlavon will now exclaim, “Moriemur pro rege nostro.” ASBOSii THP WAR COMPLICATIONS OF EUROPE. HOW ENGLAND HAS VIOLATED TUR TREACY OF THE M. Mazzini bas published circular on tie Ita! tion, We transiate from it the fotlow OR eXtracts;— If the Itahbay ar Commences under the leadership or patronage, or even with the coacurrence, of the pressat ruler of Freee, the Malian patriots will, atuouga reiue tantly, abstain from taking part in it, As to the Piedmontese monarchy, the actual ques notfor them a question of republic or muaarchy question of national unity and sovereignty Consequeatiy, while reserving thelr right of voung aud of peacefal pro. ganda, the pairiols would be wow, as ewer, ready w lay aside the immediate tramph of their pounoal opinions for the welfare and the opinion of the majority They would therefore follow the Piedmontese mooarch jo a war undertaken by him sions, and would do all io their power to bring that war fo a bappy issue, provided it had explicitly Italian petional unity for ob, Bowit woold be, first of au, indispensable that the Kiog of Pisdmeant ahduid give serious and explicit cnarantees concerning his intentions; that he should not pretend, ewoo during the war, to assume « kind of dictatorship, and that he snonld admit the Ita!ian people to decide, afvor their tberation the kind of governuwat by which they will be ruied, an ques- VIENNA CONGRESS HERSELP. TO THR EDITOR OF THE New York Herarn. Tread in your interesting paper of Februars 27, on the complications of Europe, your observation that the Bri tish Premier says the treaty of the Cougress of Vieans stands in the way of the war, Toat, however, has been trampled on by two Fre revolutions, with the sanction of the Eoglish government who have recoguized bows Louis Philipps ant Lois Yapo Jeon, and 't 18 lovg since mere waste parchment. Aliow me, fir, to adda great historical fact, not less treae ous, On tbat treaty of Vienna, so accurately printed o by You as worttle At the conclusion of the prsce y 1815, all the extensive possessions of the Netherlands o the continent of Asia, the valuable Cape of Good Hope ty Africa, and some \siands in America, were renoudn Holland ia favor of England, by weaty of tho Vienaa Voa- 4 by grees, on condition that the present kingdom of Belgtum should be united to the Netherlands for 0 called sompen- sation of, the immense sacrifices of the patch. But what pepreg’. 1b eRe neserergen preaisa cut in. Pica, shoul snppressed e memorable eampaign ten da} e, under ommmand.of the b Prince of later repel Fe om say sods 9 “ Heuiuhs seeipg the imposail oppose longer the victorious army of the nervic Hollanders, had not called in France to her asgietance. Though the anzexation of Begum to tte dynasty of the House of em 9 was solemaly undersigned ¥ the plenipotentiaries of France 28 well as by those of Eng- land, the King of the first seopire, instead of . .nowled :~ ing the treaty of Vienna, fuilllied the iuquiry of Belgium end marched with a large army to fight against his ally, end to deprive bim of what he previously bad warranted to him inviolably, Thereupon toliowed the siege of the citadel of Antwerp, #0 masterly ana horoicaliy defended under the comman of Gen. Chassé by the [ollanders, who did vot surrender before the treacherous French, bombarding with monster cannons, walked on its smoked heap of ruins, and only Parallcied in modern history in the heroic fall of Sebasto- pol, which will forever and ever remain a brilliant achievement in the annals of Rassia; and, like the defence Of the citadel of Antwerp, sLail never be anmibilated in the history of the Neth: dg. In the meantime England, like as it is acoustomed with te perfidious policy, looked bebind the scenes t instigate as much a8 possible the difficuities between Belgian and Holland, ano to promote its own welfare on the ruins of the Belgian manvfactories, which were increasing and flourisbing. These were the noble and generous actions prdeer hea: yeti of the Congress of Vieuna towards eir ally. That ceed, bowever, a sma'l piece of parchment, can bave a greater value, Wesee in bistory King James of Eng'ana, by jmopse application of bix signature on such: & rag, arrogating to bimeelf the right of disposing in America of the legitimately acqnired proj ot toree: nations—the French, Dutch and Swedes; and though a treacherous and violent seizure of New Netherlands, the poseession of an “‘onsuspectwe aily was vo leas a breach of private justice than of public faith;” and like it is re- corded by American impartial! historians ‘that among all the acts of selfish periidy which royal ingratinwe con- ceived and executed, there have been few more character- ietic, and none more base.’’ It was performed, and it was not opposed by the Euro- pean Powers. . Never was apy restitution given by Eng'and of the im- portent and very valuable possessions of the Netherlands aiter the acknowleagment of B igmm asafree aud mde- pendent kingdom. Can the blessing of Providence rest on such"uprighteous actioue? We tind the anewer in the ter- rible Russian, the not yet terminated Indian, and, per- baps, what God will provide, 10 @ frightful approaching European war, to vindicate the rights of men, too long and too ehameless!y neglected. Respectfully, 1 have the honor to be THE WIDOW of the Rev. W. Storm, of the Netherlands. New York, Feb. 28, 1869. OPINIONS OF THE ENGLISH PRESS. {From the London Post (Lord Palmerewn’s organ), March 17.) We bave no wish to sound unnecesrary alarms, but who tbat looks at the present state of Europe does not see the cwrcumslances to be so sritical that Eogland cannot take @ feeble part in the averting of hostilites without tasting digcreit to ber patural position? The attitude of Austra and Sardinia is one of mutual menace and priveition which any hour may ‘carry forward to actual bloodshed. many 18 becoming excite 1 at the gloomy signs that are thickening around ber, Ibe French tuos keep einking, becaure no one believes in the continuance of e Italians from all quarters are flocking to the flag of Sardi- nia, The Pope has deciarca hia helplessoese. Napi ready to break into revolution at % short notice. the who Itaban Peninsula ts digqniete!. And all these bang 80 together, aod ere so invoived one with the other, that a breach of peace anywhere would infainoly distard all and precipitate a state of things awful to think of. [From the London Times, March 17.] And yet France keeps up 600,000 men and a first rate fleet for the purposes of defence! The results of sach @ policy are obvio. 8. The world gill not believe that the Frepeh people make these sacrifices mere'y Lo insure an independence which nobody toreatens, Wien, vear after year, tleetsand armieg are the constant objects of soiici- tude, whep the levy of couscripts never fails, aad the dockyards ring continvally with the construction of new engines of war, then Austria, Prassia, England and the whole of Ceotrai and Western Earope, are forced to be on their guard also. Dhree millions «f men are under arms in a Continent where the most cynical poiteian would mab dare to ray he expected war. * . * . ‘The German people are not likely to be mach moved by this appeat (referring w the M nileurarticte). Chey kaow well that the attitade they have taken 13 just that most likely to lead 10 a peaceful eettiement Amid the dangers «ff the peesent time there are tw» mort reassuring symutome in Europe. The one is the indaspostion of the French to & war, at least with any Continental Power; the other ts this very’ unity and enthusiasm in Germany which excites the anger ¢f the Munteur * * * It is well understood that, while recognizing the existence of Laisa grievaacus, ana while orging, i company with Eugiaod, toe neveasi- of reformiug them, Prussia has not coused to conlemm the unwaraptable policy of Franca Assuming, ttfen, that the Mnseur represents 1 Imperial intentions, and that he nas 0 1 himseif with the affairs of Italy ‘*in the intereat of ropesn trangilli- ty,” we may fay that he has received most able assist avce from Europe generally. His sympa by for German natiopality especia'ly will no conbt be increased by the Teflectton that, when fora time embarked ou a course which might pave led to au interruption of this tranquillt- ty, the rulers and peopie of Germany reealied him from bserror. We trust that Prussia and the States of the Confederation will persevere in thus aiding the Imperial reformer. By a firm atitiude and siMficient preparation they can attach him more than ever to those pacific prin- ciples whic be announces as his own. [From the London Heraia (Lord Derby's orgin) March 18.) On one point there can be DO misconception. Tue de- termiuiation of Europe, bolaly and strong'y expressed, is for the maintenance of peace. Everywhere the vowe of the people bas been raed, detouncng war, and ralers nOW-a Gays cannot afford to set public opinion at dedauce, Ip spre, therefore, of Whe obstinacy which the war party displey in @ bad cause, we belo that @ contest will bg avoided, and that the pacific aspirations of European commu- nities will not, on thts occasion, be duomed ww disappnnt- ment. * * * * * * * Sucb declarations (alluding to the article in the Mon teur,) taken in convection With Loe coosistent manner in which the Emperor Napoieou bas acted since be tirst Mounted the throge, convince us that the p will not be distusLed, and ihat um spite of the e; been made to create embarassment and tn enijruder hostilaty, the Taiian questurn will be seltled wea mann sr honorable ta all par (ies and without an appeal arms. {From the London Telegraph, (radical organ,) March 18,] Toat Louis Napoleon would like to attack Austria, we cannot for a Moment Gouht; bat with Rusa cold, Prussia vafriendly, the smaiter Geraan Staves enthusiasee in their hatred of bim, and the vast spectre of England frowni upon him ac/oss the Channel, be is ecarcery able'ty desta on the courre he ought to parsue. Taere bave long oeen rumors tn circuation of still more stuister import It is said there 18 disaffection ip the French army, which might break forth with terribie effect on tue way to Italy. But the main difficulty, after ail, Hes concyaled in the depth of the State cutters Would the resources of France long hoid out in 2 European war, which Louis Napoleoa only contemplates for the purpose of securiog hie own footing on & towering throm? If the miliary strength of the country were witudrawn to be engaged in foren wars—if toe conscrip- tion were to carry ite desoiating effects into villages and hamiets—if tho French maoufacturers, mer- chauls, shipowners and traders were to fiad themeeives cramped in their private revenues—we su pect thit those of the State woud speedily shrivel into insigniticance, During such a crim the repudiican party would discern an opportonity fur playing its own game. (From the Londou Chronicle, March 18.] The Pripce Napoleon vo longer bouls a portfolio, even ag Minister of Algeria and the Coionies, Tue moral artiouda of France is accordingly changed for the vetwr, aad is mucD strepgtbened ae & moral force in the just demands tat are made by her on Austria. She way, with unim- peacbable equity, insist on the surreader of those secret treaves which Aust cas so unfairly obtame?t. land and Prussia both msist on the same. We must hear no more of reverswnary rights on Tuscany and Modena, or of garrwons ww Pucensa, Ferrara and Commachio. Austria aska for goaravtees that, if she conseats to anvul these special conventions, thore States snail be recured from the action of Sardinia and of the revolu- uonary party ip Italy. Such guarantees caunvt, ought nob w be given. *t De conten tO Dave no over advan- tages Uban those that otber ctutes can pariake with ber, We bear, too, of & secret convention wita the King of Ni which bas made, and stil makes, him no more & vassal to Fraucis Joseph, Tue aiffivalties with whieh the Eugiish Cabiuet have bad to deal in the Court of Navies have been cre by the Courtof Austria. chig kind of secret undesstan-irg must be brought to aa end, Europe must stand or jail oy her pubic « °3, aad nob J oparoize ber infepencence by weakiy yermiing Austria to coptravene tiem by Uuterband proceedings, the aatuce of which is not suspeceed until (he fatal regult uaexpect- edly sppears. Europe must oe guarded agaist suck sur. prises, ly the OPINIONS OF THE FREVCH PRESS. [From the Coorrier do Paria, Maron 13.) The attitace of the Experor Fraucis Joseph seems to plainly confirm what fax beeu stated in aw letter from Vienna, ‘shat the Austrisu governmeat wil not make any concessions.” A resolution must soa be decided upon, Jor the uncertainty 1m which we have lived for the last two months, tossed Detworn War Ror paace, between far is the worst of all «tuations. The cabinet of yeries ubdoubedly koows the result of Lord Cow 'ey’s mission, and we ili soon learn the great resolu. ton which must follow the retura of the Rnghsn diglo- matitt. [From the Gazette de France, March 17 We do vot believe in war, The articies of tne Moniteur do away with al! apprehension oa that sadject. Piodmoat y goaranwed avast an aggression from Austria, pat which France requires i vw resoice the Itali question iv concert with ver «ties It Victor Enmuaael is vot Wiser than bis father, he will, ie him, suffer the consequences of bes amnition, [From the Paris Patrio, March 17.] Now tho policy of tne French govarnmeut appears in ite true Tight, Three montis ago saulevoence nmi certainly Bot faied to Say that there was no tralian question at stake, that it waa ooly a phantom evoced inan hour of vaprce or bad temper, By the strong agivation mant+ ‘ested in Austria and Italy, it is easy to perosive (bat our govore ment, of creating theev!!, had on! stated the facts, As acarrful phememo, who warns the pauent lulled into & delusive security g ihe French goverms