The New York Herald Newspaper, February 20, 1859, Page 2

AFFAIRS IN EUROPE. Oar Liverpool, Venice, Malta and Ma- drid Correspondence. Our Liverpool . Lavenroor, Jan. 20, 1859. Again in Liverpool—Lord and Lady Bury—The World of Commerce—Causes of the Fluctuations in American Trade with England—Provisions, Grain and Cotlon— England’s Colonial Irade—Trade Returns for Half a Contury—Ups and Downs in Cotton and Wheat—Bul- Won Movement for Seven Years—Tea Trade and Prices Since 1801—Cotton Trade with India and the United States—The Sugar Trade of Englant— Wook Statistics— ‘The British Rum Trade—The Grain Lables—Who Feeds England—The Increase of Navigation—State of the Siip- “ping Trade—Peace, and Not War, Required, dec. , de. Punetual to the hour the Asia came to her dock, North Atlantic voyagers should take for a prover®—‘As prompt as a Cunard steamer.” Our time was less than eleven days—our company most agreeable. Lord and Lady Bury are worthy of being Americans. She ia a Canadian—the daughter of Sir Allan ScNab; he is the son of the Earl of Albemarle, and isa trump—a man of the people—fiuent pen, ready speech, quick intellect, a bard worker, and, although he has lilled so many im- portant posts, is not 27 years of age. As you have the reputation of picking up the young men of the world who show talent, you will be sure to remember him. He is a representative man. In ten years he willbe in the British Cabinet, after filling the post of Governor-General of Canada, Lady Bury is as amiable as she is beautiful. ‘Tho American provision and grain trade scems to me to be in the last stages of consumption. These appear to be the facts of the case. The cotton planters have taken Othello’s occupation from the corn growers, é. ¢., thoy prefer growing cotton at ten and twelve cents, and buying their beef and pork and corn, rather than grow cotton at six cents and raise their own cattleand grain. Hence the cotton States appearing in corn States a8 purchasers, added to increasing population in the country, creates demand beyond supply, and occasiors the present state of markets; higher prices in Amorica than England giving the trade an apoplectic fit. England in 1846 gave start to our provision a commerce. Then we had no Califoraia to send ordet a small home trade. ‘The Continent had not opened up its wonderful rivers by steamers one way aud railways the other. The banks of the Danube are natural granaries, The Baltic and the Levant steamers take from the mouths of the rivers what the freight cars do for the inland coan- tries, America cannot compete with Europe in breadstufts at present prices. It is uffbill work to place free labor against serf Ixbor. America is too rich to work for Rus. sian or German prices. England cargoes of breadstiiils, and labor becomes equal ized by cheapness of supplies, and a fall in prices on this side, followed by a rise on ygur side, stops all traffic American provisions and grain now come out in another shape—that is, in cotton at higher prices than when planters bought more and sold ata lower figure. Your merchants are paying llc. for bacon for Califor- nia, while England can afford to pay but Sc., and cheap corn stimulates her to raise more pigs than ever. Wheat is only 403, the quarter, while farmers are satis- fied; yet Peel declared that they must have 60s., or give up their ground. London is one of the great arteries of the corn trade— mark its pulsations. The records show that the stock of all kinds of grain on hand January 1, 1859, ia London, is 5,780,000 bushels. The average price of wheat in 1851 was 385, 6d.; 1852, (1s.—being the lowest annual prices during a century. Tbe past year it has averaged 44s. 6d. Just now America sends us nothing—not a bushel las! month—yet Continental imports were some 9,000,000 bushels. Cotton is not paying the importer. The planter and the spinner are growing fat on high prices, but the factor or merchant has been reduced to a shadow by his low diet in commissions. It is ausualsight to see thé consumer and producer go rich in proiits while the middle man is so poor. For a long time cotton must have lost for the im- porter from $5 to $7 per bale, yet merchants keep moy- ing in hopes of better luck, or, perbaps, like a horse oa a treadmill, their finance arrangementa won't allow them to es has received her holiday presents on the open ing of the New Year, in the export aud tmport returns of ber colonies. The parent tirm bas heard from tis branches, and the trial balances create general satisfac: tion. The statistics are for 1856, and cover the trads ‘of both hemispheres. I will make afew figures 10 show the pulse of commerce:— Imports, Exports. Commerce of Hindostan 1856..$126,000,000 — $115,000,000 Of this sum Great Britain alone absorbed $50,000,000 of the exports and $73,000,000 of the imports. Imports. Exports. = $49,000,000 $36,000,000 75,000,000 77,500,000 + 27,000,000 17,000,000 7,000,000 — 6,000,000 6004 ¥ 000" 1,500; lon. ss. 18,000,000 8,000,000 1¢ West Indies show some animation also:— Imports, Exports. Take Jamaica imports......... $4,800,000 $4,600,000 Barbadocs 200 4,800,000 3,300,000 280,000 1,200,000 2'200,000 10,500,600 9,000,000 7,500,000 6,000,000 13,000,000 9,000,000 160,000 100,000 5,500,800 5,500,000 Hong Kong is omitted, and we must wait a little longer for British Columbia. England is proud of these results. They gauge her di- ions. She planted the seed and enjoys the harvest. These blue books are her deep and shallow sea soundings. 1857 will show an extensive trade, but 1858 and 1859 will give diminished tables, for the colonics, like the mothe’ jand, were obliged to reef topsails and ‘take in sail during the panic. Escape a typhoon, stop a running horse, &r- Test the flames in your house, aud navigator, driver aud merchant reflect before incurring new dangers. Soit ws with commerce. It has worked hard and requ.res reat. The Economist could not have prepared amore pal New Year's gift than the elaborate commerce: given this week. The arithmet must have occasioned many a headact who wishes to be posted ahould have a 2 Heone- mist of Jau. 15 and study the tables. They contain bet- ter history than Alison or Macauley are capable of writing. The first table covers imports and exports of ti Kingdom during the century from 1801 to 1868, y the administrations of all our Presid ashington. ‘The “real or deciar was the basis for calcula tion in order to le <port daty. This wae abolished In 1854 both’ imports en official values” and “real showing bow the “otic as varied from th value at different periods. In 1805 general pr some sixty per ceut higher than offic $16,000,000; the ‘‘real”’ $190,000,000, continued till the battie of Waterloo In 1814 cotton waa some five times its present price. ‘Thomas Ashton spun yarn on hire at sixty-wix cont: per pound; while colton yarn brought one dollar and thirty cents per pound—now it ie about twenty-four cents. ‘The real value of cotton goods exported was $10,000,000, while the ‘official’ value was some $12,000,000 jess. Ia 1856 the same article exported was about $191,000,000, the officia! value of which run up to $815,000,000, showing while one only doubled, the other was nine times as large. Then came depressed trade, fail in prices, and consequently official aud rea! value came on about neck and neck, the former being in 1817 $200,000,000 and the latter some 9,000,000 more. From 1820 the real yalue gained an official, eo that while the former, in 1506, was 60 per cent higher than the | » in 1832 the reverse ‘was shown, and an oifici uc was some 70 per cent over real, aud has continued to augment till the difference in 1857 was 110 per cent, the one being $610,000,000 and ‘the other $1,275,000,000, ehowing how steam has reduced the cost of production since 1816. The land production did not show the same depreciation. ‘Since 1854 the imports indicate a wide margif betwoen the two values, high prices giving a large balance in favor Of real value. Between 1805 and d842 trade was ia a bad condition, The law’s monopoly mace high prices by keeping small supplies. From 1518 to 1852 was ween ine greatest ation But r duties in 1848, be year following, gave an unexampled start to commerce. tection blew up, the tariff was liberalized, direct ta: ‘was introduced, and free trade statistics have aston sled the savants of commerce with these results Exports for 1842. $236,000,000 for 1857. 610,000,900 this includes Indian rebellion, Crimean war and wo commercial panics. wane Jntoreating table, ae the returns rorking of the new lelds, wnen bullion, Like cotton and corn, beeame Terchandise: in 1842 by Peel s «: were computed unde v one being This discrepancy the corn laws in 1846, equal: ‘and abrogating na rls. $45,000,000 41,000,000 113600000 1856. 99,000,000 Fr Ton 00/000 About '$225,000,000 was coined doring this time.’ In aan amount of gold and si\ver exported was— : aves $11,000,000 Silver s+ 16,000,000 ‘Total. $20,000,000 ie ‘000. 900 000 four China merchants will read the tea trade statistic: 20,804,739 ibs. were imported, and only 4 Were consumed—average rate boing 1 |b. head. Thirty years later the trade was auli Yo 81,648,026 Ibs. imports. In 1843 it rose to 40,- but since thon the increase has been rapid. months of 1858 the imports were 67,921 ,- » which was about the consumption, being the previous 2 ibs. 40%, per head. Tho upper classes ute only 174¢ per cent, while tue middle and poorer classes Jako the outire balance, 5 ‘The Continent is pouring into | | eightoen years since, and 153,035,680 pounds In 1809 the price was $1 64 per Ib., the highest point roma Now' it is sixty-six cents. Those pricea are maximum minimum, and include duty. 3 In Teor ‘the ‘amount of duty was $7,000,00); iu 1867, 000. bic Oe ation of duties on cotton goods and legalizing of the opium trade are the chief features of the recent euts in China. The coluen statistics give astonishing results. The quan ‘of raw cotton imported from each land are given 840, The cost or tranait in India for many years will givo America the lion's share of this trade. There is no doabt but what India has the capacity to produce, but not the ability to prepare or transport it in quantity, Man- chester men may hold meatings ‘and issue circulars, but Teas. a Gaited "tate gave and in 188) 487,856,604 pounds, last year 733,403,840 pounds, whitle India sap- Plied 77,011,880 pounds the former year, when it dropped to 70,886,515 pounds in 1849, rose to 250,838,144 pounds in 1867; Dut last yoar fell off Again to 138,253,360 poands. The year 1866 gave the largest aggregate, belag from all quarters 1,023,886,304 pounds; but dane pees Tee was Yat 981,347,086 pounds, against 592,498,000 pounds in 1840. “Exports at same’ dates were 98,678,000 pounds Mr. Elson iu his “Handbook of the Cotton Trade” gives the average weekly consumption in Kurope since 1850. You have cotton readers suificient to warrant my giving the entire table:— AVERAGE WEEKLY CONSUMPTION OF COTTON IV. weet Countries. 1860. . 1831. 1852. Fi ‘ 7173 10,575 Bel 1,115 1,634 Holland; 13038 1,365 Germany .. 2116 = 2,442 Tricste. 2,211 2,596 Genoa, Naples, &e 596, oe PAID... soe 1,768, 1,826 Russia, Norway, &e. 2923 4,067 ‘Total on the Continent. 18,939 25,437 Add Great Britaia, 31,988 = 86,790 Total European consump. tion per a ie, . wanart 50,027 61,227 69,706 Countrie: 1854. 1865, 1856. 1857. 1458, Frauce, 9,211 10,115 8596 — Belgium Uj2L 1.638 1.096 Holland. U7it 1,903 1883 — Germany. 3,981 4,057 4 = Trieste 1,783 1,658 a Genoa, 807 1,096 = Spain..... 1,783 2,192 - Russia, Norway, & 2404 4,428 a 535 20,055 24,465 39,065 41,333 at a Total on the Conti Add Great Britain, Total Furopean consump- tion per week. 60,269 63,928 71,042 03,530 You will obse at Fogland continues to be the tron, inasmucl as she took in 1857 39,065 Out of the 63,530 baies cousumed in Eu- markets, a- memoranda of st! Kk on hand of United States East India. Total 98,530 584,000 157,000 619,400 179,900 6 105,200 654,900 808,100 397 800 286,200 343,300 3s supply. Let me introduce a line on sugars for your Moses Taylor style of merchants, Until 1844 the English consumer was coulined to the production of the British colonies: $15.12 per ewt. duty was a prohibition on foreign sugar. But in spite of this powerfa! prop the West Indies rapidly descended the hill of prog under the withermg and Dlighting phiauthropy of Exeter Hall emancipation. fhe figures give the annual covsumption of sugar since 1901. ‘The first fourteen years it was but 2,847,519 cwt., or 18 Iba. per hea thirty years the increase was but 50,000 tons, yet the popniation augmented nearly 10,060,000, In 1842, only 16 Ibs. per head was consumod, Dut with Pee!'s bill it came up to 20 tbs, Prior to 1844 the coneumption for fourteen years was stationary, but the fourteen years since then give au increase of 125 per cent Petfue highest revenve under the old duties was in 1341— $25,500,000. Last year they run up to $30,500,000. "the consumption in 1858 was 457,000 tons, while before the change in 1544 it was less than haif“that. Placing the population in 1868 at 28,684,000 sor at the upper classes take 28 per cent, the midiie 87 per cent, while the poorer classes consume 40 per cent. | fore the repeal of th Your rn readers should get the woo! table of the Eeonemist and study it. Pounds. To 1840 impor 49,456,284 from all quarters were Rxports Io 1858, | Exports . In 1820 the en consumed was Dut 7,091,7 duty for foreizu and two 5,825,012 51. vases ar, 81,272,908 'y of foreign und home wool 3 Ibs. under a twelve cont nt for colouial. Five years later the duty was reduced to two cents on foreiga valued at twenty-five cents, and one cent ov cheaper articles Feci repealed the act, and, like everrthing else under free trade, | ike corn after a long drought under the fostering induence of a summer shower. of the 129,749,899 Ibe. received in 1857, Australia 683 Lbs. India 19,870,741 lbs., and the 14,287,828 ba. courumption of foreign spirits has increased from allons in 1842to 4,714,760 in 1857. Include spirits, and the consumption stands in 1842 al.ons, against 28,864,196 gallons in 1857 —near- tye gdtve cau wy veer amy olaild in the No wonder at the number of criminals, paa- nkards on the records. Ram is a curse oa is opium or the plague. ‘The grain tables should be examined carefully by your corn and wheat deniers. They may acconnt for the ano- maly that sow exists—higher prices on your side than on the “European—the result of which, for the time being, kills your export trade and assiats in’ prostrati ping. ‘The aggregate imports cf tlour, corn, meal and all grains in 1843 was 1,200,000 bushels, while in 1857 it reached 3,000,000 bushels. Last year, 1958, it will exceed 94,- 000,000 bushels. Before 1846 an importation of 17,000,000 bushels was considered large; but then the trate grew to manhood at once, The valuable tables prepared by James McHenry, Esq., one of the ablest aud most extensive merchants in tue trade, since the repeal of the Corn law, are well worth perusing, Having quoted his circulars for 0 many years you can vouch for their authority. Since 1846 the smallest ount imported was 52,000,000 bushels; the largest 100,060,000 bushels. Ive years’ average gives an annua! ‘import of 77,000,000 bushels, The United States, tities, Dut of late that trade has fallen off, bi should also buy the Economist. It -vill do no har headache in reflecting oo such important facta, Althongh J have added, suutracted, com- pared, till [can bardly’see, I ehali add a word on sh pping. ‘The records are over balf a century, In 1801 the Empire owned 2, In 1816....4+. Fell off in 1825 ¢ in 1843 to, y » Ried: in 1857 mark what free Ri ‘ 213,977 trade has done—a tonnage 31,887 tons, employing 287,353 men—nearly twice Bs of 5, the population Of Boston, ‘These facts Britain and Ler colouies, The dock dues of Liverpool alone were about $15,000,000 iast year, being some $3,000 over 1867, notwithstanding the panic. In 1857, of British and foreign tonnage, four times the quantity of shipping entered and cleared in the than the returns of 1983. The tables are ma trate 18 To 1825, total in amount was... In 1833 it only rose to, But in 1842 it increased Of the 14,004,388 t Britieh, while in 1857, 23,173, cleared, only 9,484,885 tous were forciga, The shipping trade, like every other, has been over done, and while the Western World offers but a miserable pittance to the frejghting vessel, the Kastern cominerce far worre. East Iudian and Chinese ports are filled wi expeneive clippers and anxious captains. Thi sought, but they don’t find, Those ve pants in a cabbage garden, are tomere. Novody freights, nobody ail admire models they ore all merchantmen. The times have changod. Fast pames are oying out. Capacity with now the etyle—1,200 tons ja the size, Three-dockers aud clippere have been tried, but the patents dont pay tue aten' Enterprise myst sometimes be misdirected. ‘The world’s commerce is moving only half speod, and merchants must wait a iittle longer. Facts have proved tiiat the world had almost two years Few people own clipper ships now. |-stock of everything on band when they saw the hana- writing on the wall that was jast year. Henee, wark this strange feature: produce everywhere higher in the land of production than in tas land of consumption. . Bil- lous pilig must do their work. The system must be purified, then, robust 1 make commerce itself ace V War will bring on con- Our Madrid Correspondence. Muveip, Dec, 30, 1868, Propored Erection of Cuba, Porto Rico and the Philippines into Provinces of the Kinglom—Gveat Emigration from Spain—An Old Globe for tue New York Historical So- ciety—The College of Salamanca, te., de. The Society of Volitical Economy at Madrid, from whence issued the famous report of Jovellanos, in 1796, on the girbject of property held in mortmain, has directed the publication of an essay written by Don Casimiro Rufino Ruiz, on the subject of ocenpying, cultivating and stimulating commercial interests in sixtysevon depen dencies of Spain—the wreck, it may be said, of that yast domain acquired by Isabel the Great, when her subjects rose to the namber of sixty-seven millions of souls, but which in the present century has come t be reduced w twenty-four millions, The data have been collected with great care; the reflections are profound and philosophic, showing in the author both experience and information on the general matters of which he treata. He proposes to raire the Burean of Ultramar to the consideration and place of a department, and leaving the governments for the present to exist ag those of Cuba, Porto Rico and the Philippine Islands, he wilh colonize and divide into five groups, forming a8 many now provinces, the islands | ment the of Vieques, Bergantin, Culebra, Malvinas, Fernando Po, Aanabon, Corisco, Ascension, the seventeen Marian Islands and thirty Carolines, the island of Ceuta, Me'l ', Albucemas, Penon de la Gomera, }, Caracol, Albo- ran, Congreso, Rey ¢ Isabel If, under five Cap- tains Geueral, bestowing i their improve- sum—nearly a million of ra— now expended from the public purse in Eeeping up at different points of the globe inadequate estal 4 ments, and supporting a pauper population in and want. inthis march he would come upon Africa from three directions, to the end of faally forming in tho north ove great colony before the same territory i have bec entirely absorbed by the extension of the French se ment, and, by mak free ports, invite the wealthy Jow and Moorish merchants to come from the interior and take up their residences in the enjoyment of a protected aud liberal tratlic on the coast, The large Co gre going ou from this country con- tinually to America draws attention of the govern- ment, and which uo legislative interferance cau ayail to check, though a prosperous colony at band might divert tt with the less expense attending the proximity, The con- Gition of Galicia, in point of population, isrepresented as becoming continually worse by the continual loss to the country of large numbers of ite youth, particularly to Buenos Ayres, who go thither in quest of fortunes. "A few moments previously to its being packed to be sent to the United States, we have bad the pleasure of ex- amuining a terrestrial globe of copper, about one foot and a ‘halt in diameter, with its w , wormenten stand, made, ag it appears, in Rome, ia ve tee rag Car dinal Marcello Cervino, by Euphorosynus Vuipits. [t is one of the Distorical acquisitions made by Mr, Buckingham Smith, late Secretary of the American a, during his officia! residence in Spain; and, according to the direc- tion we noticed on the box contaning it, it 1g destined for tho Historical Society of New York, globe is belived to by one of the oldest, if it is not quite the oldest, in ex's ‘ence; and some gentlemen who have examined the por- tions of America traced on it consider it in many and im- jortant respects as presenting unkown and very ear! fnot or'giaal, authority, It bears these two imscriptions:. POLE COLEELLOLLODEDE DIDIDE DE DOLE IONE BOOOEOEE: r MARCELLO. CERVINO §. R. EB, Presurrero g Cardinali D. D. ROME, decorerereorcee ceercesneetamanaecetvetoncecreceorety eee Qe erence Ont IEDELDODIEDEDODEDE DEIENELEDE OPOPELE NE Rxcronns Ones. i Torrar, Quae aut aveteris tra aut nostra pat Dv. a Evrmonosysus Vouries Descrams Bat ANNo Satta, MDXLIL Qornrorevenns eveoninnnneconannrorccconnanroeseobreey Groestiandia (GreevJand) has an island on the west side of ite southern extremity, marked Grovelant; the name of the island of Resolution is represented by Dos Dernonion; Hudson's Bay $s called Daia dos Moros; Cape Chudligh is marked ©. Frio; Civola and Maratta are marked in New Mexico; bat the peninsula of California is entirely want- ing. Totonteac stretches across Texas, the Mississippi bears the name Guadalquivir, aud there appears another river near it, of equal aize, without a name—probably one of tho moutlis of the great stream. Over New Mexico is the namo Avia Reg. ‘There has just been published a memoir, written by Don Domingo Doncel y Ordaz, librarian of the colleges and con- vents of Salamanea, bearing the title, “ The Untvereity of Salamanca before the Tribuaa! of History,” which is at- tracting some attention in the litera: y conclusions to which the essayist arri versity was foundedin the twelfth century, Dy Alfonso L that it was often the second university in the rank of its Iuerarchy, and on other accounts the first in the world, oud from its foundation has ever held the first position auiong like institutions in Spain; that the mathematical sciefives were as far advauced in it as were other sciences— the astronomical tables of Alfonso el Sabio were due to it; and that it taught the system of Copernicus in its halls as soon as that was imade known, Not ouly did it not reject the id¢a of Columbus, but, when all Enrope regarded him its professors alone comprehended his rea- Agave their influence that he might realize its Our Matta Correspondence. Matra, Jan, 1, 1859. “ilities and Oficial Courtesies to Him—Ilia Life on Board Ship-—-Practical Jokes —~His Neat Cruise lo be New York, de., de. Since my last note was written there have been some important eveuts occurring at this island which require a passing notice. On Sanday, the 20th of December, a large English frigate, called the Euryalus, catered the har- bor, with the royai standard flying at the main, and hay- ing on board as a midshipman the Priace Alfred, the se- cond son of the Queen of England, Arriving on tue Sab- bath no particular ceremony was observed, the Admiral and General Sir John Pennefeather went on board with their respective suites to make their obeisance; but no sa- jutes were fired, save that which is always customary to a naval Commander-in-Chief on the first arrival of a ship of war on a foreign station, On the following morning, at an early hour, the officers of the garrison were ordered ce, that they might be presented to his and the members of the honorable Coua- cil, with the forcign Consuls, received an invitation for the same purpose. The order for the oficers was obeyed, and the invitation for the Councillors aud Consuls ac- cepted. . Outside of the palace notes of preparation for the Prince's reception were heard in all directions. A guard f houor was stationed at the entrance, which effectuaily revented any rush from the crowd; while the police, nder the admirable contro! of its chief, Frederick Sed- cy, Esq , and witb an ingpector on horseback, were also at hand, to give their aid, should apything occur to re quire it. On the landing of Royal Highness, at a quarter to eleven, al! the shipe-of: war and some of the fortiications gent forth their salutes, while a second guard of houor— which was stationed at the Marina—prosented arms, and the military band struck u P the national air of “God Save ueen,”” The ri “imp”? , Was driven Masters, where a similar reception awaited him. Tao same loud cheers were heard, uni the same ceremonious forms observed. Arms were presented, flags were lower- ed and the national alr performed. Far be it from me, by using the term “imp,” to mean ny disrespect to the high boru, intelligent, amlable and spirited youth who is the subject of this notice, In ancient history instauces are not wanting to justify the appellation, Tt is not necessary for me to mention at length a” the civilities and atteutions which were shown to his Royal Highness by all classes of her Majesty’esubjects. Almost from the date of h.s arrival to the noon of his departnre, on the 2th of December, there was a continual succession of bulls and parties, dinners and suppers, with pabile illu winations, a grand celebration at the Opera House, horse racing at the Pieta, aud a military review on the Ellice parace ground at Florian, whieh embraced every arm of the ow stationed at this istand. The ball given by the merchants was a brilliant one, in every sense of the word; beautifully arranged and admirably managed, it hag proves to be, without exception, the ball of the sea- son. ‘The English and Maltese merchants united most cor dially in giving this grand evtertainment, which will be long remémlcred by those who were honored with a card tode present on this festive and loyal occagion. But, going as Prii Alfred \s, he can well understand the diflerence of his position v-hen on board ship or on shore. ff surrounded by distinguished officers of the army and navy, by high dignitaries of the church or lead ing members of the mercantile community, there is a cer- tain dignity and carriage about him, small though be may be, which clearly shows that Le is ‘aiready aware of bis exalted birth, and of the highest position in the line of # profession being open to him: hereafter, should his life be spared to attain it. When ou board the Karyalus, and mingling with hig ehipmatea of the game age, or a tle than himecif, he gladly throws oif all erally one of themsclyes. No servant owed him, while he regularly stands his watch, sleeps in @ cot, and pays, like every One else, twenty-five cents for his’ da : If destined a few years hence to evjoy the highest honors of the service, ull he will have it in his power to- remember when through some of yet the practical p are wont to indulge in ho did potescape. One rough night, when on his passage from En, had his fac ned by two of his youthful companions; and so carefully was this operation performed that it did’ not awake him. The Prince was aware that coal biack hair might be changed to white in & single night, from fear or fright; but never having heard (bat a person's complexton could be thus chavged in 86 short a period first wholly unable to understand how it bad happened with him when seckiog information, i# not long leit in ignorance; and the two youths who had been amusing thomse! the Prince's expense were Highness, on obtain’ report to his superio of ® good joke, took ih setiling it atearly dawn, two messmat ‘oundly sleeping In their rat th Which supported them, and »the deck trom a» horizontal to an up on munich 800 in they’ had any idea of, opened and rubbed. explanations cailed for and made, the tablea were turned, so far as laughtor was concerned; and from that time to the present there have been no more binckened face 1g down of hammooks the midehipmen’s berths of her Majert The Prince is a kind hearted, affe when bie H ane in received at the bands of bis royal mother is clearly shown. pmnates is. If one of hig #1 has beon often noticed in be] teil by e a of of character which may be noticed, and Mt for the future, : » SP ae This much have I written of the second gon of the Queen of Pngland, for rumor certainly says that his next cruise will be to Canada, bis first landing place New York, and his firet visit to the President. Should ench be the case, I will in advance send one cheer over the water, to mingle with those of iny countrymen who may welcome hima on his arrival. Our Italian Corre: dence. ‘Exice, Jan, 6, 1860. Death of the Emperor's Aunt and Oreini’s Davgiter—Re ligious Persecution: in Sardinia—a Nice Queion— Another Clandestine Raytiem of a Jewish Child—Nalian Railways—Affairs in Rome—Discoveries in Milan— Newmpapers in Auttri¢e=Montenegro: a Sketch of Her History. Death, that no reapecter of persons, that levelier of all ranks, has intruded into the Imperial household on two oocasions during the year just past, and the sister and the aunt of the youug Emperor have both been removed to a sphere where glitter, and gloss, and tinsel and trappings will be counted as worth nothing by the ride of those royal attributes which make great and noble both prince and peasant. The Archduchers Maria Anna died at Raden on the 29th ult., and the court i in mourning’ for herhere, The wourning does not seom to have strack very ly, however, into the hearts of the Venetians, who are just now enjoying themselves, in the liveliest pos- sible manner, during the first week of the;Carnival; and despite the annoyances attending the new currency sys- tom, despite the bad segars at high prices, and despite the general feeling of dissatisfaction, a stranger dropping into Venice now would imagine that the people never even breathed a sigh at their dependent, crushed condition. Death has also recently removed the youngest daughter of Orsini, who died at Nico a few days ago, only six yoars of age. She was of a frail, delicate constitution, and since her father’s execution baa been almost daily expeoted to die. Of all the’ Italian States, Sardinia is considered tho farthest advanced, the most liberal, aud the most Likely to be the Power around which, in the future, Young Italy will rally and battle for a nationality; but the relics of illibe- ralism still remain in Sardinia, and sometimes exhibit themselves. A letter from Turin, published in the Gazeta this morning, says: “We have hada new re- ligious process, which exhibits once more the stupid in- congruity of oar legislation in regard to worship. While at Turin and Genoa there are Protestant churches publicly open, anda Greek church has just been solemnly inaugu- rated at Nice, in a village of Riviora di Genoa five or six persous have been arrested and prosecuted for bav- ng held Protestant worhip in @ private house. This in an enormity in our legislation which | believe will be speedily corrected. Count Cavour intends soon presenting @ plan for the regulation of this whole matter of religious worship. Sardinia is about the only italian State which is at all free from priostly dictation, und her newspapers even dared to bully the Pope, and to make fun of the claim of the Church to the body and soul of the youth who, if there is salvation in ordinances, ought certainly to be sure of future happiness after having un- dergone both circumcision and baptism. Another ques- tion has arisen upon this subject of worship which has excited quite as sharp discussion between two of the newspapers of Turin, It isin reference tothe Greek church recently inaugurated by the Grand Duke Coustan- tine at Nice, and the settlement of which will probably occupy to some extent the coming ‘“‘session.”” The decree ofthe 4th March, 1848, in relation to religious worship, after ordaining that the Catholic is the sole religion of the ’ State, adds that other forms of worship ‘now existing” shall be tolerated, and their practice permitted under cer- tain restrictions and regulations, One of the papers, in order to strengthen its argument in favor of the reform in @ the religious toleration laws, assumes the position that the phrase ‘‘now existing” was evidently only intended to ap- ply to the different forms of religion other than the Catholic which had then been introduced into Sardinia, but did not intend to apply to all the forms of religious worship ex- isting throughout the world, and therefore could not permit the introduction of any new system into Sardinia, Now, aa there was no Greek Church in the kingdom at the time of the promulgation of the ordinance, it is contended with a good deal of force that either this church at Nice must be put down or the statute materially ebanged. Sardinia has established itself into a sort ofa Court of Appeal in the Mortara case, and has made a practical re- ‘vereal of the decision of the dovereign Pontiff and his boy— stealing counsellors; and Jews, Protestants aud Moham- medans may be assured that there is one Italian State, at least, where the pumping of water by aseryantgirl on the head of an unconscious child does not deprive the parents of their God-given right to their own flesh and blood. At Genoa, on the 29th of December, before the first session of the Provincial Tribunal, a girl named Caterina Lavezzaro was brought, charged with having clandestinely adminis- tered baptism to achild, Leone Levi, an Israelite, Under the royal patent of Dec. 6, 1837, the public prosecutor claimed the conviction and punishment by fine, and the tribunal after considerable deliberation awarded all which the prose- cutor claimed—a fine of fifty scudi, or imprisonment for the term of six months, or until the fine and costs were paid. There isto be an appeal taken in the case, but there ia little doubt but that the present decision will be sustained. The Israelites of Genoa, and, in fact, throughout Sardinia, are naturally very much elatod at the result of the trial; and the whole worid, with the exception of those portions’ w@ere priestly ultramdntanism absolute rule, will admire the course which bas been taken. The ratiways ia Ttaly—-Uke everything lsc in this, un- rogressive land—get beens f but slowly. The road from to Kome, which. for along time past the Komun journals have been stating would soon be finished, will not be completed for several months, and persons travelling that route expecting a rapid transit to the Bter- na! City will ascertain their mistake when they get into one of the lumbering stages which convey the passengers to Rome. The road from Modena to Bologua will be opened in June—the entire distance—while from Modena to Reggio it will be opened in May. From Rome there is tittle news of interest. The King of Pruseia bas arrived there very much futigued. The city is very full—as it always is during carnival time—and strangers are fleeced to the utmosi. extent. The police regulations for theatrical performauces during carnival there have been published, and are rather more stringent, than they ever bave been before, with an evident view of keeping matters as quiet as possible during the inevitably noisy season. ‘The theatres were to be opened from the 26th of December to the Ist of March; but it is prohibited that either ; umbrellas or segars be taken into the pit, and 4 ppiause ig Lo, be given, and no encores pertaitted except by the special permission of the police. How would these regulations, with au additional prohibi- jon making peanuts a ‘forbidden fruit,” operate. within be classic walls of the Bowery. Let the “b*hoys’’ throw up the'r hats, then, and thank their stars that they live in afree country. The Roman journals deny the statement that there has been any misunderstanding, or that there is any prospect of difficulty, between the governments of His Hotinesss and the Emperor Napoleon. Tn Milan come discoveries of statuary, generally badly broken and defaced, have been made in the course of ex- cevation m the new public gardens, and the sayants have declared that the place was a burial ground during the first or second century. New discoveries there are daily being made. ‘The Direction of the Poet has just published a list of the journals printed and circulated in the Austrian dominions, ‘by which it appears that of the class denominated ‘politi: cal,” there are in all uinety-eight, printed in the different languages and dialects, a® follows:—German, 52; Bob micn, 4; Polish, 4; Servian, 1; Croatian, 1; Illyrian, 1 ] 1; Sioveno, 1; Italian,’21; Hungarian, 9; Rumeni, Ot the non political jouruals there are 264, as jerman, 182; im the various Sclave dialects, 21; Hungarian, 25; Rassian, 1. In the city of poutical wad fifty-three non-political journals are published. From the confines of Montenegro, we learn that the Turks of Trebigne bad threatened an attack upon the Christians of Subel, Krussievitz.and Sultonia, ‘The Turkish leader tried to cros® a river, with 800 men, to attack Konestich and to drive out the Christians; but the latter xathered tothe numbor of 2,000 and drove back the Turks, with the loss of ove Christian and five Turks The history of this mountain republie (for to all intents and purposes itjs such), its constant struggle against the Turks for ite uid take a very interesting on made the subject of a egotiation, Ihave taken some to ob: teh of its history, thinking it might not be unin- teresting to your readers. Montenegro, situated on the Adriatic, beiween the dominions of Austria and Tarkey, is arngced and movntainous country, the people of which, velonging u great Selavonic face, have always been warlike and never having had any interest ia con Je arouud them, have resisted all efforts and all attacks for conquest. Their territory is only sixty miles in length, its religion, wi and about width in” its widest part, is very rockyseo much so that it is a jocular anong t nogring that “when the were gow! them burs are vo cil about a hundred, ver the world, the bag which passed over Montenegro.” ‘There argest villages, of which there are taining not more than a thousand im habitants—the entire population being about 100,000. The governin y republican. Each vil chief, ¢ (Prince), and three cli national as Which settles and regulates the aifuirs the Metropolitan and other dignitaries. politan or “ Viadika’ is both temporal ant and enforees the ordinances of the Greek as thove.of the 1 Aszombiy. This wer, however, is caid to be only moral, as the indepen- nce of the people is their boast. Shut in and sheltered by its native mounta’ gro Lav retained its independence and maintained the ( Uan religion against the repeated aggressions of the T. and the endeavors to plant the Crescent where the Cross now waves. Montenegro originally formed a part of the Scla- of Servia, sthich was overthrown by th 559, when the Servian monarch, Lazar, was de- feated an ished at the battle of ovepole then Montenegro las been ruled by princes of th of Chernoyevich, desceudants of ‘a son-in-law of Lazar, Th hubltanis lived for more thau a century alternately in open bostility. and temporary submission to Tarkey, and their history during those times ia contained in tradition ani! popular gongs, full of tnterdst aid beauty ta the lover of romance and adventure. In 1516 the sovereign Prince, who was married toa Venetian lady, who had uo children to whom to leave his ‘or, was persuaded by her to ox tainous wilds of Montenegro for the beau- ce, abdicated, and, with the consent of the Qption, pot the sovereign power into the hands of the Via- dika, Where it bas continued to the present tine. From this time the history of Moutenegco is one of constant, continual étrugele for national life and religion against the Turks, and tis hostility has naturally Jed them to seck alliances with every Power at war with the Porte, They fook an active pari in the war*of the Venetian republic against the Turks, and ja 1712, In order to obtain the pro- teciion of Rugela, they di themaclyes sub. jeote of Poter the Great, wi ecoived their oath of allegiance, and promised to defend them. The Protection afforded them was merely nominal, and during the same year they wore again invaded by’ the Turks, ‘Who wore repulsed with great lose, Hostifities continue: up to 1718, when, for nearly half a century, for the first time in ita stormy history, a comparative ‘peace existed, In 1767, Montenegro became the scene of one of the most extraordinary impostures ever perpetrated. In that year an adventurer named Stephen Mali, said to have been a Selavonian, from Croatia, and a doserter from the Aus- trian army, went throngh the country as a quack doctor, and afterwards became « servant to one Budua, One day he told bis master, first binding him to a promise of secresy, that le was no lesa personage than Poter tho ‘Third, Emperor of Russia, Soon afterwards, at a wed- ding, bis master treated him with such respect that it be- Gaoat thatan explanation should be made, upon the strength of which Mali openly declared hia aebsions, and although ee ee by the Viadika, his adherents continued to , wntil he was acknow- Tedged as the chief of the country, which be ruled with absolute power, The Court hearing of the gir- oumstance, «cnt an am! for to proclaim him an impos- tor, He was arrested and placed in the upper story of a convent over the ambassador, who was a prince, and where, by a incky Temark, he ‘set himse!f at nee» Spa reswred in him the waning conMdene> ‘of the ple. “ee,” he sald, “the Princo acknowledges me to be. the Finperdr, heoaise otherwise hv would hot have® placed me above himself.” This accidental circumstance cou Montene- eee pul a extraordinary code of law, adapted to tho wild pre er of his people, some wi shall give ou future letter when Tallan afsire Como to a comparative stand-oully as they have now during the Carnival . The French on wiatenn the United (Translated from the Paris nel, Jan. 19, for tho ‘York Hara.) ” 4 have for a time warned the and put down at its proper valt to say, as Tattering Popular Toelinge--as 4 manceuyre destined to cap- tivate the favor of the masses. But the President of the United States and his rivals now by what means power is obtained in the republic, very years the arena is opened, and victory rests Imost always with the competitor who has best under- stood the ng.of the multitude, and entered first on the task of ministering thereto. Scarcely bas the President been — installed—scarce!; e finished the distribution of places to his frionds when the canvass preparatory to the next election, Mr. Bu- chanan has not yet occupied the White House quite two years, and he has just published a democratic message in ‘which he demonstrates that he is more occupied in prepa- rations for his re-election than with Lay dur- ing the short continuance of his authority. At the same time his principal opponent for 1800, Senator Douglas, termi- nates a political visit tothe South, duringwwhich he has also spoken of the acquisition of Cuba, of the unlimited extension of the United States, and of Manifest Destiny,” which beckons to them to possess the whole of America, It looks like a stroggle to see who will advance the most seducing promises, who will flatter in the cleverest manner popular covetousness, aud who will precipitate the republic into the most imprudent, course. It is thus that they ascend to the Capitol. A pious No York journal expressed recently its simple lamentatio over this preliminary and rude campaign, that Mr, Doug las, in the interest of ‘a worldly ambition, bad just accom plished. “Oh!” cried, with unction, this evangelical sheet, “oh! if as much labor had been accomplished for the sal. vation of souls, Mr. Douglas would be a prodigy of holi- negs, venerated throughout all generations to come!’’ ‘This’ pious sheet exhibited the zealous preacher travelling in a few weeks over fifty-seven counties, about eighteen hundred leagues, addressing the word to a hundred and twenty different audiences, in the open air, and often during rain, and each discourse on an average of an hour and a half’ daration. This would have been a million of souls that the political orator might have evangalized in less thantwo months. The excellent journal sighed over so much labor bestowed ‘‘to obtain a corruptible crown.” ‘This curious statistical résumé of Mr. Douglas’ electoral tour may give an idea of his activity and of the vigor of his temperament as well as of the ardor of his ambition. He is called the “Little Giant of the West.” Ifall the candidates to the Presidency of the American Union are henceforth to pay with thelr own persons much as Mr. Douglas has done on this occasion, the Dest chance of success will be, without contradiction, for the strongest lungs and most herculean constita- tion. Already the violence of political habits and the noise of the tribune have forced from public affairs the most enlightened minds; modest merit has ceded place to intel- fa secondary order, provided with faculties neces sary to succeed in the mids} of such agitated struggles. Perhups the growing exigencies of American democracy will render aspirations to the Presidency impossible whoever has not at his service the requisite physical for riously, the business of statcemen in the American republic becomes more and more the privilege of those whose ideas, language and manners bring them on a Jevel with the multituce. This is manifest in a tabiean highly coiored, it is true, presented lately by the New Yonx Henan, of the Congress at Washington:— ‘Language that would be expected from only the lowest rips of society is continually heard,upon its floor. Scoundreland liar are among the frequent epithets applied by members to each other, and when their lungs tire with’ vituperative repeti- tion, a fisticuff fight in the aisles and open space before the Speaker's chair is brought in aga relief. Out of doors the scene is uo better. anes are broken over each other's heads, brickbats are thrown, and pistols are not untre: quently resorted to. ‘These are the day time occupations of the members.”” cording to the same journal, their nightly occupations; the tableau would be for us two complete. That which gives birth to these quarrels i8 not, adds he, the intercat that thoy take in public affairs, bat rather some intrigue for some personal object, or in party interest. Each has his partigans to reward, nis clique to defend, or some; bitioug aspirant for the Presidency to help force upon the . The Herald terminates with this energetic exp must have a revolution in the character of Congress, or iis present state wiil inevitably lead to revolution in our political institutions.” It is but proper to add that if the United States have not a vational representation more decorous, the fault is not to be attributed tothe members of Congress. f the particular traits of the American population is, in fact, a love of noige—an extraordinary desiré citement. Tmpatient, energetic, disorder- ly, sometimes even brutal, that people will vociferously applaud the men in whom they tind their own qualities and faults. Personsealm, conservative dispositions please them but little. They resemble somewhat the railway locomotives under high pressure steam —they must have arapid movement, even at arisk—an accelerated stop under full steam.’ Go ahead! is their cry. The hot headed, the adventurous imaginations, the ‘the political blusterer, the filibustering man—there are the persons that suit tho know them by the boldness of their opinions and the vigorous tone of their eloquence. If they listen, for ex ainple, to Mr, Douglas proctaiming, as in His late discourse at New York, that ‘‘Enrope was loo far off to have a right to be consnited upon questions relating to Cuba, Mexico or Central America,” they would shout a formidable horrab, and carry in triumph the “Little Giant”? It is not, we take pleasure in repeating, the most intel ligent, the most prudent of the American people who thas adjudge these ovations and thus eboose the representatives of the pation; but it is the coarse of (be most numerous party, and that par msequentiy in which political power is concentrated. The mass rnies aud compels her courtezans to rule. he multitude that, every foar years, designates U gor oF Washington; but per hays the prudent jot_be to-day ther hero. The new generati : more their forefathers than her present bie the founders of the republic. The doctrines fathers are not those of the descendants. ‘The liborty of 0 day has different attractions from that of liberty in former times, The favorites of the multitude were fors merly called Franklin, they now call them Pierce, Bucbanan and Douglas. The republic has progresses Extraordinary Klopement, [From the Rochester Democrat of Feb. 14 } Last Friday night n woman named Cherry, the wife of an engmeer in the employ of the Central Railroad Com- pany, eloped from the residence of her husband in com. pany with a young fellow named Barney Smea ne latter is only about eighteen years of age, while his ina moveta is a'woman on the verge of torty, who has, not only gix children, but also one or two grandchildren. Abram berry, the husband of the guilty woman, is a respectable, and, according to our information, indus- tious, opright nian, who has never given his wife any rensonable ennve for such a step—if indeed a reasonable cause can ever be alleged for a proceeding so disgraceful. He ro in engine between Syracuse and Utica at present, and hae regularly been imthe habit of sevding lome a sefiicient amount of his earnings to support his family in ort, For some time past, however, Mra, Cherry hae cultivated nm intit with Smears, who is a good for nothing and {¢ Lat last the two agreed upon a fight in company. ‘he plan was put in operation, as we bave stated, Fritay night, the ill-matched and wicked pair gathering tog what they could of their own and Mr. Cherry's property, which they packed up and carried away on the train which left here for Albany soon after midnight. The children, of whom the youngest is only Yhree seara of age, were all left behind, On the day pre ceding the evasion, Mr. Cherry had sent to his wife $25, which éonstitoted the principal part of the funds of the ‘aye, upon whieh they relied to defray expenses. Hligenee of the affair became current Saturday morn- nd officer Rogers, who lives in the vicinity of the #, immediately telegraphed to the wronged husband ‘yracuee and Utica. Mr. Cherry was at the time on his way fromm the latter tothe former place, and must have met the train containing the fugitives, ‘As soon as the despatch reached him he caused word to be telegraph: ed to Albany, and at once took a down train himself in purenit. When Smears and Mrs, Cherry reached Albany they found at the depot cortain officers, who insisted on their company to a police station, where they were search- ed and detained until Mr. Coerry’s arrival. The baggage in posession of the travellers was alzo held for inspection by the bueband, Mr. Cherry immediately took possession of it and hie wife. Smears was taken to the police office ® prisoner, charged with larceny, in carrying away a quantity of Mr, Cherry's property. The baggageof the wretched pair was taken to the police office algo and examined, It consisted of a trunk belong. ing to Mrs. Cherry, and a cheet belonging to Smears. There were aleo a Foil of carpeting and a feathor bed be longing to Mr, Cherry’s hou: effects, =Smeara’ chest was opencd, and found to contain a considerable amount of clothing and variou articlos taken «from Mr. Cherry's house, officers were overbauling the contents of the ob daguerreotype of Mrs. Cherry, chest, they came upon & which Smears seized and thrust into his boom, saying it — which. Se aiaess in the p recto of tie Haband when ho had #0 cruelly wronged—may serve to illustrate the shame- lesencaa which characterized the whole demeanor of the cal ‘was committed to jail to await further examin. tion upon the charge of larceny i against him. ition Mr. Cherry intenas to make of his wife fed ‘wo can tall. "He is almost heart-broken at the calamity which hag befallen him, feeling it more acutely for the sake of his children than on hig own ac rs. Cherry is the woman who killed a mad dog in the sthaet jJaet summer, when several men who were abouy hesitated to encounter the brute, Wo have not the courage to relate, ac- | AFFAIRS IN THE EAST. Our China and British India Corres- pondence. &,, &e., ko. Our Hong Kong Correspondence. UNtrep Stars Sreamamur Mrysusstrri, Hong Kona, Nov. 29, 1858. Arrival of Mr. Reed—Arrival and Departure of English Troops—Adm val Seymour's Dinner Party—Business Very Dull—The Ships Tile in the Harbor—No Freight Sor Them—ihe Chinese Will Not Sell Tea—Putative Troubles About Missionary Bills, dc., dc. Since the departure of my last letter, I have made dili- gent inquiries on shore respecting tho treatmont which American seamen receive at tho hands of Mr, Roberts, our Consul at this port, and find that the seamen now ashore at this place, numbering four or five hundred, have no just cause to complain agwinst him. T find that the Consul has the interest of the sailors at hoart, and does everything in his power to relieve them in their pre- sent destitute condition. Within the past summer we bave had tcn shipmasters prosecuted and heavily fined for ill-treatment of their crews. It has beon the practice | Smong the masters of ships arriving at this port, if buat- ‘ness is very dull, to make the ships so uncomfortable thas the crews are glad to leave thent Tho Consul, gotting wind of this, went to work, and bas in a great measure put a stop to It, . ‘4 ‘The Hon. Wm. B, Reod arrived on the isth inst.; he will leave this port about the middle of the coming month for Boston, by way of India and the Persian Gulf. The hove in sight off the mouth of the harbor, Sir Michael Seymour hoisted the American engign at his fore, and saluted him with nineteen guns. The i of re- spect was shown him by tho French and Dutch ships. ‘These courtesies were promptly returned by the discharge of one hundred and fourteen guns, is ‘The Fifty-ninth regimont, which has at this place for the last nine y the arrival from England of the: First Royals, ‘The Fifty-ninth embarked English ship Lord Raglan, on the 19th instant, with the remnants of their tamilies, for home. Only ten of the original members of the regiment return home, the re- majuder baying died of the various diseases prevalent in this country, or been killed in different engagemonts, Some of them have heretofore been sent homo as cou- firmed invalids, while a great many dosortet: Over ono hundred of the wives of this regiment, who came out here with their husbands, have died. Two Sundays ago Iwas present when this regiment attended services ab the English church; it was a sad sight; the mon surely looked as if they needed a change of climate; they were pale, omaciated and careworn, with eyes so sunk in their heads that I was almost inclined to think that they were deserters from some graveyard. The regiment was one thousand strovg when it first came out hore. Over three hundred invalids from the various hospital ships bave also been transferred to the Lord Kagian to return home; a large pumber of them are badly injured, somo having lost limbs in the late battles fought in this country. ‘Afew evenings since Admiral Seymour gave one of his grand dinuer parties on board of the Calcutta. All the captains, commanders and first lieutenants of ali the ves- sels of war in port, representing twenty nations, were preeent. Among the guests were Sir John Bowring, the Governor; his lordship the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Province; the Hon. Mr, Reed, Commodore Uriah ‘atnall, Captams Nicholson and Dupont, Me. Roberts, the Consul, and other gentlemen of distinction. The party numbered nearly one hundred. The band of the Calcutta furnished the music. On the evening of the 22d the Hon. Mr. Reed gave hia last grand dinner party on board of his ship. Among the guests were Governor Sir John Bowring; Admiral Sey- mour, our own and the naval officers of the different ships of-war {0 port. Business still continues very dull here and at Canton. The harbor i# full of ships of all nations, waiting for freight. The merchants on shore state thas not becn so dull here for twenty-five years before. It is all attributed to the late difficulties between this government aud those of England and France. The Chinese are de- termined not to sei] their teas so jong as the allied troops: hold possession of Canton; go it is utterly impossible to tell when business will revive. It is positively understood that Lord Elgin and Baron Gros are determined not to evacuate Canton until the indemuity money for the late war is paid, or good security given for it, That money amounts to twenty-five millions of dollars, and as no news has been received hore lately from Pekin, all are at a loss to decide when Canton will again fall into the hands of the Chinese, while, at the same time, dysentery and diarrhawa are daily making sad havoc among the officers and troops of the allies in that iil fated city. We learn that at Singapore large numbers of American hips are laid up, unable to obtain freights. A vease! arrived. here two days ago from Batavia. Her master reports sixty ships of all nations lying there, unable to procure freight ; also that there is considerable sickness in the shipping eet, Money is very plenty in Hong Kong, so much so that it is almost impossible to obtain a draft on the United States. ‘The house of Russell & Co, refuse to pay avy premium for | Mouey, as the market of Houg Kong is glatted with dol- | Jars. A court martial was convened on board of this ship on the 18th inst. for the trial of several oMcers and men of ‘this squadron, which has not yet been brought to a close. Our crew have had forty-eight hours run on shore; they all returned to the ship in fine order, and behaved them- selves well while on shore. A more orderly behaved ship’s company Ihave never seen during my fourteen years’ connection with the navy. I believe that every man and boy attached to this ship, who shall return home in her, will receive from Captain Nicholson an honorable discharge, which will entitle the holder to receive three months’ pay gratis, when he re ships. We have our bunkers fall of coal, six months of provitions on board, and the ship has been painted inside and out. Wo aro waiting orders, and shall, as coon as the court martial is ended, proceed on a cruise or ttart for home. The Hon. Mr. Reed will procced as far as Bombay in the Minnesota, where he will leave her and take the over- land route for Lome. Lieutenants A. F. Warley and Henry Erben, of this ship, will proceed home in her on sick tickets. The ehipping intelligence remains aboat the Bame as at thedate of my last, with the addition of three arrivals of American sbips. ‘The ship Sea Serpent will sail from here to morrow for San Francisco, and one or $wo American ships wiil goon proceed from ‘here to Japan, with the tatention of obtaining freights in that country if possible. Fam pretty confident that they will meet with very poor success. We will also send home nineteen sick. men in the Minnesota. Lord Elgin and Baron Gros have not yet arrived from the North, and great is the wonder in this place as to what detains them so long. One thing is pretty certain, that lish and FYench residents of Hong Kong, Cauton, Shanghae and Amoor, would consider ita great favor their lordships would only leave the North and prooeed. hither, and, i power, remove the troops from Can- ton, thereby starting the wheels of Lasiness and commerce. It je hinted that their lordshipa have no just cause for re- maining 60 Jong from this quarter, when, infact, the mor- cantile interests of all nations are now imperiled, It is hint- ed that their fat lor¢ships are endeavoring to create a new: war in the North, by demanding that cortain missionaries #ball receiye so many hundred thousand doliars for losses. | that they pretend to have suffered, by being robbed by the pirates and rebels. If this turns out to be true, the result will be that the allies mean to. keop up a war with this unfortunate country until they shail get a foot- hold in this vat cmpire the saine ag they have in 1udia andl Africa, The hotels of Hong Kong ave crowded to overflow with mates of ships and Englieb officers from India ane Canton; they charge at the rate of three dollars a day for board, thus reaping « rich harvest, while the thousands of rum shops are filling their tills, ‘The ehip Surprise, and several others, will loxve here im one week for the United States, in ballast, having received. orders from home to that effect. Our East India Correspondncee, Com Mcttacnur, Brags Ixpia, Nov. 25, 1858. Success of the Brilich Arms—Dreadful Slaughter of the Furce f Tautea Topee—The Nena not to be Fuund—Won- daful Escapes of Tautea—Active Pursuit made after Him—Birth of @ Son and Heir to the Rajah of Gwa- Vior— False Alarm:—Retrilution, déc., do. The operations of ihe British forces against the rebel- liout Tndians has been making continued though slow progress, and jarge numbers of the Indians, have laid down their arma and rurrendered to the troops. Ever since the Oth of October we have been knocking about the jungles, and it may be some time before wo get to Mhon; but when we arrive there it is hoped the mutiny In India will be all eettled. They have begun to come to terms in Oude, aa you may see by the papers, and the Amitio chief bas surrendered himaclf, with a force of about three thousand men, and one of the strongest forts in that part of the country. I cannot hear a word about the Nena, What has become of him 1am not prepared to say. The Commander-in-chicf, Sir Colin Campbell, now Lord Clyde, gets some sharp rubbing up for not moving f little faster. He is compared to a snail, with {ts hell on its back; but for all that, 1 think he ie the best judge, and knows well wha ho isabout, The proclamation and the Queon’s assump- tion of the late rights and privileges of the Kast India Com- pany bave been promulgated throughout the principal sta tions here; and after the 1st of January all who are fount in arms ngalnst the British government will be dealt with accordingly. “The proclamation gives a Creo pardon t all who will lay down their arms, and unlessactuaily implicat- ed in the murder of Earopeans and Christians they will not ‘be molested; #0 that it is expected that immense numbers of them will come to terms for tho sake of saving theit lives, Tantea Topee is still knocking about, nd it ts al~ most miraculous how he bas managed to olude the activ! ty and vigilance of the British soldiers. A short time ago he had no less than four colymns homming bith im, and when thoy rapidly advancar, to gucure or crush him, Heir surprise they found nat tho bird had Hown, and the four Rnglish columns wet face to face, Now, wasthat nok