The New York Herald Newspaper, January 25, 1859, Page 4

4 WEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, x adeomee. Money cent by mati wilt be at the vena he Smee Pestage dampe not vecehoed as culwcryption bart y HERALD, beo conte: » $7 per annum. pH arid v HERALD, every eee ‘at siz cents 3 aera | jon every Wednesday E5 for wanuan; the Buropean Edition ever; , ory rr J rt of Great Britain, ne Fer eid Fontinent, woth 43 enclude posiage? tht ia tition on the 5th and 20h of each month, at six cents oF $10 por annum. Pe FAMILY HEAL, every Wednesday, at four ceats per pi ‘annua. BUN any CORRESPONDENCE, containing woos pains, colsclled from any quirter of the world; of wsed, will be Nhenally paid’ for. wae k. FouLaIGN CORRKSPONDESTS AE Parnioviakty Kequestee ro Sear ab LEvreks AND ynous correspondence. Wedo not a EMENTS. ed every day: advertisements in- AD ee Miia Hiss, Pawns Hnkaso, and in the Calyoenia ‘andl Burspean Editions, eae 1B PRINTIN AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Tax Rossers— Marra. Mex WERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Taoxs Tange Fasc oe ts Bult Roninsox Cuca0us. "S NEW TIIEA’ . Broadway—-TEMrTation— WALLACK’# THEATRE, Brosdway.—Tux VETERAN ; OR, Fnanck AND ALGERIA. EENK'S THEATRE, No, 64 B-oxdway.—Oon aubican Sposue-avns Cuanvores's Map, AMERICAN MUSEUM, Browswiy—ster- ecARd kvening concent BY tux’ Hoswow Faxis— Necso MINSTRELSY, &c. REL BUILDING, S61 and 563 Sroadway— meviorucs Bones, Dances, Ao.—Naw Yau Causa. NYS’ MINSTRELS, MECHANICS’ HALL. 7 Grade warehecuo Songs axp Borussques—Ricuarp IIT, (PENS CAMPBELL MONSTRELS, 444 Broad xxy.— aENIREENShavaves, £¢.-PuoUw-T TunevE. OF MUSIC, Fourteenth’ street—Pror. Mir- era ree! Tk TELEscOrs—Darrit OF Its PENE- crsu’s Lecture ON TRATING POWER. New York, Tuesday, January 25, 1859. MAILS FOR EUROPE. The New York Herald—Edition for Europe. ‘The Cunard mail steamship Niagara, Captain Lang, will 1 eave Boston on Wednesday, for Liverpool. ‘The European mails will close in this city this af- ternoon at a quarter to one o'clock to go by railroad, and at three o’clock to go by steamboat, ‘The European edition of the Hexazp will be published at ten o’clock in the morning. Single copies, in wrappers, six cents. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the aw Youx Hsnitp will be received at the following places ta Europe:— Lospos.. ..Sampson Low, Sou & Oo., 47 Ain Tanving, Starr & Co..74 ig Wile street, Panm......Lansing Baldwin & 6o., 8 de ia Bourse. Tavanroot..Lansing, Starr & Co., No. 9 Chapel streot, Stuxrt. 10 Exchange street, Rast. Hlavas.....Lansing, Baldwin & Co., 21 Bue Corneille, Haspvra.. De Chapeaunge & Co. ‘The contents of the European edition of the Hunatp will ‘sombine the news received by mail and telegraph at the pefice during the previous wook and up to the hour of publication. ‘The News. The proceedings of Congress yesterday were highly important. In both hoyses reports from the Committees on Foreign Affairs, in favor of appro- priating $30,000,000 to facilitate the re-opening of negotiations with Spain for the purchase of Cuba, were presented and discussed. We refer to our telegraphic reports for the interesting proceedings in relation to this important question. The case of the Indiana Senators was brought up in the Senate upon a memorial from the Indiana Legislature set- ting forth that Messrs. Lane and McCarthy are the only properly commissioned Senators. The memo- rial was referred to the Judiciary Committee. In the House a bill appropriating ten thousand dollars for the expense of the several investigating com- mittees was passed, Along debate ensued upon the Dipomatic and Cohsular Appropriation bill, but no definite action was arrived at. There is evi- dently a strong desire to cut off a number of the foreign Ministers. The bids for the government loan of ten million dollars were scrutinized at the Treasury Depart- ment in Washington yesterday. The names of the bidders, the amounts offered and the premiums proposed, may be found in another column. Thirty millions of dollars were offered, at rates ranging from three-quarters to five per cent premium. We have no report of the proceedings of the Legislature yesterday, but as neither honse met until Jate in the day it is not probable that anything | of importance transpired. The Rev. Henry Ward Beecher delivered an elo- quent and instructive address on the “Character, Life and Times of Burns,” the poet, before the | Club of that name last evening in the hall of the Cooper Institute, which was crowded to excess bya select and highly respectable audience. A report of the oration will be found in to-day’s Heravp. The centenary celebration of the birthday of Burns will be observed to-night by the Burns Club of this city by a grand banquet at the Astor House. The Busns Anniversary Association will also com- memorate the event at Mozart Hall by a grand dinner, and afterwards by passing the evening in singing the melodies of the man whom they delight to honor. At the Astor House William Cullen Bryant will preside, seconded by Mr. Archibald, the British Consul. The occasion will no doubt be brilliant, and the two companies collected will do all honor to the memory of a poet and a man. Both branches of the Common Council were in session last night. In the Board of Alderman a re- port in favor of repaving Broadway with the Bel- gian pavement, and giving the contract to C. G. Waterbury at $150 per yard, was discussed, and finally rejected for want of a constitutional vote— | twelve voting in the affimative and four in the ne- gative. The Board resolved by a vote of fifteen to one to recognise George W. Morton as City Inspec- ‘tor until such time as the Board shall select some other person to fill that office. The Board did some other business and finally adjourned till Thursday. The Councilmen adopted a report in favor of building a jail in Ludlow, between Grand and Broome streets, at an expense of $25,000. A resolution to send a lobby delegation to Albany to look after the interests of the city was laid over. A resolution granting to certain parties the privi- lege of constructing a railroad from Twenty-third street, on the east side of the city, to the Park, ‘was adopted. A fire occurred last night at about ten o'clock in the clothing store of Henry Ketcham, No. 31 South street. Soon after its discovery an explosion took place, supposed to be from gunpowder. Cap- tain Mackey, of the Insurance patrol, and one of his men, named Patrick Moran, were badly burned about the face and hands. Mackey was sent to his residence and Moran to the New York Hospital. Several firemen were also knocked down and more or less injured. A list of their names is given in the account of the fire. Ahorrible Was committed at Poughkeep- sie on Frida: jast. The parties were Lewis Gould and Lawrence. They had been living | together as man and wife, it is said, for sevtral years past. The particulars of the bloody deed are | thus briefly stated:—About eleven o'clock on Fri- ay night Gould entered the room in which ho, Eliza Lawrence and their daughter, Mary Rachel Lawrence, lived, (the house being occupied by several families,) and after a few words had trans pired between them,in which he threatened to } Kill her, Gould seized an axe and struck bey a blow See et reat ‘NEW YORK HERALD, TURSDAY, JANUARY 25, 1859. upon the stomach, inflicting a terrible gash, from which the entrails protruded. She lingered until Saturday night, when she expired in great agony. Gould was arrested and committed to prison. The line of telegraph to Leavenworth, Kansas, is completed, and the first message direct from that point to New York was transmitted over the wire yesterday. The cotton market was steady yesterday, with sales of about 2,000 bales on the basis of 12i{e. for miadting up- Jans, ‘be speculative movement in flour continued, with active cales, The market closed at an advance of 10c. a 16c. per barre!. Wheat was also firmer, with fair sales, chietly for milling. Corn was inactive and sales moderate, including white and yellow Southern at 830: Pork was ‘ess buoyant and sales moderate, without change of moment in prices, New mess sold at $18 a $18 124, and old at $17 623%, and prime at $13 60. Lard rm avd in fair demand, Sugars were firm, and holders had withdrawn their samples, Tae salve +n )reced «bout 40) a 600 bhds. and about 1,009 boxes on terms given in another column. Coffye was firm, with sales of 2,000 mats of Java at dio, a 14ige., and of Lag i at 12c. a12340., and a small lot of common Rio st 104¢¢, Freights were moderately dealt in at rates nother place. ‘The President's Message In the Spanish Cor- tes—Mai shal O'Donnell on Maintaining Spa- 1 Honor. Marebal O'Donnell, the present Prime Minister of Spain, made recently a speech in the Spanish Cortes upon the subject of the Message of Pre- sident Buchanan, and in particular upon the question of the sale of Cuba. We are not at all surprised that the President's A « Las caused a sensation in Spain, just as th » Cuba,in England, in France, in Rus- sia, and abcve all in the United States. But this very fact proves that the Message had something in it that went home to the bosoms of men, and stirred their very hearts. If it had been a com- cocument it would have created no whatever. And io the fact that ey shadowed forth in it awakens both violent opposition and warm support lies r t proof that a great statesman has touched. z question, Let ussee, now, how Marshal cil carries the Spanish side of the ques- tion. He tells us that his government is “dispos- ed to deme nd due satisfaction for such an insult;” that he thought the relations of his government with the United States were cordial, though he had had but few conferences with the Ameri- can Minister, in which he had “always endeavored to be circumspect, moderate, reserved, but al- ways dignified and firm;” that the period of war and disunion had ceased in Spain, and ehe “is now positively in an era of developement and verita- vleresicration,” and that he will always endea- yor to m:intain Spanish honor “intact, pure and immaculate.” ‘there are strong words, when taken, rendered as they are; literally, in our vernacular. But in order to understand them properly they should be read in the original, and they should not con- vey to the mind of the reader a stronger impres- sion than any similar high flown language from Spanish lips would convey to Spanish ears, Thus, when a Spaniard tells you his house is “at your disposal,” you must understand him in the Iberian and not the Saxon sense. When he sud- denly stops in the midst of some explanation, and exclaims “I lie,” you must not suppose that he means you to believe that he is lying in the sense that we would understand that strong phrase; and when he closes a commonplace business epistle to you with the assurance that he “kisses your hand,” you must remember that he only means to convey to you the same idea that is expressed in our characteristic “Yours, &., John Bull.” The truth is that Spanish affairs and the Spanish character are largely misunderstood among us, because, with our Teutonic matter of fact directness, we do not make sufficient allow- ance for the Oriental love of hyperbole that forms so large anelement of the Spanish mind. With this premise let us see what Marshal O'Donnell really says. No one, not even the Spanish Prime Minister, believes that Spain is really going to call the United States to the bloody field, because Mr. Buchanan, before entering upon the discussion of the Cuba question as an international ques- tion, prefers to have it decided at home in its domestic aspect; and not even Don Quixote would really-consider such a discussion among ourselves a mortal affront to Spain. Few, again, will suppose that Marshal O'Donnell, in speaking of the relations between the two go- yvernments, meant that they were “marked with the greatest cordiality” in the English sense, particularly when he adds that in the little intercourse he had with Mr. Dodge he had “always been circumspect, moderate, reserved, | dignified and firm.” These qualities do not | compose what we understand by “the greatest | cordiality.” His determination “to maintain | Spanish honor intact, pure and immaculate,” we leave to be interpreted by Spanish history | for the last three hundred years. And this | brings us to the real point in Marshal O’Don- \ nell’s speech to the Spanish Cortes. He tells us “the period of discouragement caused by war and disunion has ceased in Spain. Our country is now positively in an cra of deve- | lopement and veritable restoration.” There is | truth and philosophy in this remark—more, per- | haps, than even Marshal O'Donnell himself sus- pects. To understand it fully one should be able to go into an historical gallery of portraits of Spanish rulers, such as are hung in the halls of half the Ayuntamientos of Spain and Spanish America. There he would see the eras of | Spain’s history truthfully depicted. Spain her- self dates back to the union of the crowns of Cas- | tile and Arragon in Ferdinand and Isabella, The gallery of historical portraits will show during their reign and that of Charles I the era of the soldier; under Felipe If. the toga and the cowl suddenly displace the coat of mail; with the Bourbons these give way to the courtier, spark- ling with ribbons and stars; and with Ferdi- ; dinand VII. comes again the soldier; since | when Spain has been ruled by axioms learned in the camp and not in the Cabinet. Spain is now just beginning a new “era of de- velopement.” An army of — engineers has invaded the Peninsula, with picks and shovels, iron rails, steam engines, and all the paraphernalia of material developement. The time of “veritable restoration” has begun, though the soldier rule of Spain fought desperately to prevent it. The material interests of the Spanish people must now rule the counsels of their government; | and these do not lie in the forced retention of Cuba in colonial slavery. First among the emotions that lie in the heart of the Spanish peo- ple fs hatred of the conscription, that “tribnte of blood,” as they style it,” which has carried so many of their young men to die in the colonics, ‘This will be saved to them by a soverance of the | political ties that now bind Cuba to Spain. Sach | AXevent, too, will not injure their commercial in- | terests, if bronght about through peaceful means Spain can spare no flour and grain to Cuba, while famine throatens half We kingdom, avd forces her to open her ports to their free impor- tation from abroad, as is now the case; neither can she do it in more abundant seasons, when the completion of her interval means of communi- cation shal) enable the cercals of Castile and the Vascougada provinces to be distributed through the kingdom. A peaceful separation of Cuba from Spain will not diminish one fota the con- sumption in the former of Catalonian wine and Andalusian froiits and oil. Popular suffrage and the right of self government have pever been known to effect a change in the palates of any people.. We might extend the ar- gument until it embraced every interest in Spain except that of the soldier rule, which Mar- shal O'Donnell truthfully ees is soon to be dis- placed by an “cra of Gevelopement and restora- tion.”* This era involves a different view of (he Cuba question, It is because Mr. Buchanan has seen with a statesman’s eye these great changes which are coming over Spuin, as well as the rest of Europe, that he has dared to initiate a policy looking to a peaceful solution of present and future compli- cations, The short sighted can naturally see nothing in the future, and the disappointed howl at him because he will not view it through their prejudiced eyes. They thought, and they say it, that they had a man of dough, a fool, an imbecile, to deal with, just as the intriguers of Europe thought they bad in Louis Napoleon; but before two years more have passed away they will see how the land lays, and find that under Mr. Buchanan we have an administration unequalled since the days of General Jackson. The Case of Douglas vs. Fitch—The Case of Collector SchelimThe Spolls and the Spells Bemocracy. All the world is aware, by this time, that Mr. Senator Douglas, of Illinois, and Mr. Senator Fitch, of Indiana, entertained the Senate, in execu- tive session, the other day, with a family quarrel, equal, in the terms and epithets of coarse abuse employed by the belligerent parties, to anything that has ever culminated in a general row among the terrible bruisers of Tammany Hall. It is understood to be the custom of the Senate in executive session, when reporters and spectators are all locked out, to enter into the merits of the appointment, or other subject under considera- tion, with all that freedom in personalities, sean- dal and gossip of a regular set-to of a caucus of old women over a confidential cup of tea. Thus it appears that the quarrel in hand was started by Mr. Senator Pugh, upon the question of con- firming some paltry nomination in Ohio which did not please him, and which he thought justi- fied him in assailing the administration. With this opening, Mr. Douglas came forward ina general attack upon the appointments of Mr. Buchanan in Ilinois ; and it seems that the Illi- nois Senator indulged in language so pointed and offensive that Mr. Fitch felt called upon to retort in a similar vein. Criminations and re- criminations were thus pushed to the point of “ pistols and coffee,” and at the last accounts some mutual friends of the parties were industriously employed in the benevolent work of preventing a duel, And this is the prodigious affair which comes to us as the latest sensation in Congress—a vio- lent and disgraceful personal squabble in the Senate over the distribution of the spoils. The same fruitful source of personal antipathies, personal abuse, wrangling cliques and fighting factions in the party camp, it further appears, has just resulted in another gathering at Wash- ing of the Tammany enemies of Collector Schell, for the purpose of another dead set for his removal. As a collector, Mr. Schell has proved himself thoroughly qualified for the faithful dis- charge of his official duties; but he has not been equal to that other duty required of him, of satis- fying ten thousand applicants in the distribution of eight or nine hundred offices. His official head, therefore, is peremptorily demanded, and his accusers appear to be resolved to keep up their periodical visits to Washington until they get it. We think, however, that the President, in making any change among his wrangling office holding dependents of this city, ought to clear out the whole batch, from top to bottom, and appoint a new set of quict and unpresuming men, who will be content to devote their time to their official duties, and to leave the sachems and savages of Tammany Hall uninterrupted in their dirty political schemes for the spoils of the next Presidency. Indeed, it has been very evident, since our last November State election, that there are some other federal functionaries here whose cases more urgently demand the special atten- tion of the President than that of Collector Schell. ‘ Under the administration of Martin Van Buren Mr. Calhoun tartly described the dominant democracy as a party whose only bond of union was “the cohesive power of the public plunder.” There was,and there is, much of trath in this sweeping accusation; and yet it is equally true that to their quarrels and squabbles over the public plunder we may trace every division and dcfeat which the democracy have suffered, from the election of Van Buren down to this day. ‘Thus, while the spoils have been their bond of cohesion, the spoils have been their bone of con- tention; and ifthey have united from time to time to secure the spoils, they have been quite as often cut up into ferocious cliques and faetions in the division of the spoils. ‘The administration of Mr. Buchanan has been very much annoyed and embarrassed by these intestine squabbles over the spoils, Immediately succeeding another democratic President, Mr. Buchanan, in the outset, found himself between two conflicting sets of spoilsmen—the ing and the outs—so that, as a rule, to make room for a democratic office seeker, he had to turn out a democratic office holder. This difficulty might, however, have been accommodated to the fair doctrine of rotation but for the fact that the ratio of the office seekers to the offices was as ten to one; and so it has happened that for every man appointed to office nine men had been disap- pointed, in addition to the democrat in most cases turned ont. To make the matter worse, the man appointed, with few exceptions, has been dissatisfied, in failing to got the berth for which he applied, and in being compelled to accept ‘ing a good deal below his estimates of his own services, talents and position, ‘Worst of all, this party leader, that leader, and the other, in failing ench to get the lion’s share of the spoils for his followers, has found it ne- ceseary, npon some pretext or other, to turn his guns against the administration. Tence, to a very great extent, the various defections and desertions and factions and cliques into which the democratic party has been cut up, ia Con- gress and throughout the country, during the Jast twelve months. These dissensions and splits, too, have been intensified by the cross purposes and schemes of the leaders, cliques and factions concerned, for the spoils and plun- der of the succession, Mr, Buchanan, havin substantially parcelled out bis share of patron- age, and not being in the field for the succes- rion, ceases to be an object of interest among the spoilsmen of the party—so that, in reference to 1860, many of his official dependents are im- plicated’ among the conspirators against his administration. Nor do we believe there is any hope of re pairing the limbs and bones of the party, thus broken or dislocated, except in the overshadow- ing general popularity of some such bold and positive party movement as that involved in the Cuba Thirty Million bill. In the absence of some such great issue, it will be impossible to save the party, which, over the spoils, has so nearly destroyed itself in the efforts of ita fac- tious leaders to destroy the administration. The Approaching Struggle in Italy. Many persons are inclined to regard the pre- sent revolutionary symptoms in Italy as mere chronic ebullitions, threatening uo immediate danger of an outbreak. We cannot coincide in this view. Leaving out of question the signifi- cance of the slight offered by the French Empe ror to the Austrian representative, we think that the facts which are daily transpiring in the Italian States are sufficient to cause the most se rious apprehension to all who are interested in maintaining the peace of Europe, Whilst they offer ia present motives of alarm a close paral- lel to the evidences of discontent which pre- ecded the revolution of 1848, they carry us back to reminiscences which are still more menacing to the existing institutions of Italy. We do not believe in Mazzini and his associates, because they are destructives, without well defined or practical ideas of regeneration. Republicans as we are, we look npon ultra republicans with the same distrust with which qe re- gard fanatics in all other creeds. If, therefore, the present movement was traceable alone to whaf™is called the Young Italy parfy, we should not be disposed to attach more importance to it than we do to that of the Pheenix Society in Ireland. The men who com- pose these organizations are generally vain and empty headed fools, who would plunge a coun- try in bloodshed merely to obtain a little per- sonal notoriety. Whilst the present insurrectionary indications in Italy partake of all the features which marked the same symptoms in 1847, there are fresh ele- ments added to them, which show at once their graver character. The public mind at that time was agitated by the disappointment of the hopes excited by Pio Nono’s promises; but still that disappointment was confined rather to the aris- tocratic than to the widdle aud lower orders. With that reverence for the ecclesiastical charac- ter which distinguishes the Catholic masses, the latter long clung to the belief that the Pope meant well, and required only time to carry out his intentions, Had it, therefore, de- pended upon them, the revolution of 1848 might have been indefinitely postponed. The aristo- cratic classes had, however, too large a stake in the Pope’s promised reforms to brook further delay. They were bent on a quarrel with Aus- tria, which alone could seriously compromise his Holiness to the liberal cause, and it was with that view that the Prince de Canino made his appearance in the autumn of 1847 in the streets of Leghorn, Pisa and Florence, in the costume of the Roman National Guard, and extemporised patriotic harangues in the coffee houses and piazze. The Austrian government, alarmed at these demonstrations, obliged him to recross the frontier; but the Prince had nevertheless had time to create an excitement amongst the upper classes of Lombardy, which produced its fruits in the following year. The myste- rious and curiously timed mission of Lord Minto increased to fever heat the agitation that prevailed amongst the Roman republicans by persuading them that England sympathised with their views. To these causes of perturba- tion were added the hasty and ill-considered con- cessions made by the Neapolitan government, in the apprehension that the troubles which had broken out at Palermo would be followed by an unsuccessful struggle at Naples. Still these ex- citing influences were more or less partial, and might, if energetically combatted, have been put anend to. It could not with truth be said that the popular heart was engaged in them, for the result of the revolutionary conflict in Lom- bardy proved that it was only the educated classes that sympathized with them. It is not necessary for our present purpose to enter upon the events of 1848. We have taken this brief retrospective glance of the occurrences of the previous year merely to show that as re- f gards universality of sentiment, deep-seated causes of resentment arising from promises broken and pledges unfulfilled, and mo- tives for immediate action, the present insur- rectionary indications in Italy are of a character far more serious and pregnant with results than those of 1847. Inspired by such writers as Gioberto, Balbo, d’Azeglio and Giacomo Dua- rando, led by a constitutional government like that of Sardinia, and backed by the offered aid of France, the people of Italy are about to enter into a movement which will probably change the whole of the existing institutions of that country, and perhaps of Germany itself. In this move- ment the doctrines of the Mazzini conspirators will be to a great extent ignored; and although they may be allowed to contribute to its success, it is certain that they themselves will exercise no very marked influence over its objects. The constitutional ideas propounded by the moderate party in the manifesto of Rimini, in 1846, will, it may be presumed, form the basis of the new Italian league. As it is said to include all clasees of Italian society, high as well as low, the political covenant which unites it cannot possibly embrace the extreme views contemplated by the revolution of 1848. In this fact we recognise the serious character of the new danger which threatens the peace of Europe. No movement in Italy, thus inaugu- rated and supported, can be carried to its con- summation wkhout involving the European Powers in a gencral war. Were it dependent for success upon the resources of Sardinia alone, we might question the probability of its attaining its objects, exposed as it would be to the certainty of foreign intervention. Encouraged and sup- ported by a monarch like Louis Napoleon, who has projects of dynastic aggrandisement to fur- ther in the same direction, we do not see how it can fail. The question arises, what price the Italian revolutionists will have to pay for the French Emperor's aid. If they get off with the sacrifice of the temporalities of the Roman church, and the revival of the titular sovereignty created by the First Napoleon for his son, they will have made a cheap bargain. Tne Cunay Lerrers ty tae Herany.—A stupid chap, who edits an obscure in Prooklyn, states that the page of letters reflect- sentiments of Cubans fa regard to the United State, published in the Heraup last week, were written in our editorial rooms, If this nincompoop desires to know the truth be bossy the originals—all in Spanish—at our The War Among the Doctors. Ove great advantage that metropolitan society bas above that of the provinces is in the fact that in the world of a great city there is always a new topie—-one of vital, unanimous, absorbing inte- rest. In New York neither the public nor the sournals con have any excuse if they relapse iuto toat Crary dulness which characterises tie newspaper: —we use the term entirely in a cou- ventional sense—of” Boston or Philadelphia. Every important question is looked upon there from a provincial point of view; bere we have « (borouguly cosmopolitan variety of opinion, which cuts up all shams and humbugs without merey, and ventilates every subject, however in- volved, with the scalpel of analysis, the sledge hammer of solid logical argument, the glittering shafts of wit, the trenchant blade of satire, or the broad stroke of the humorist’s pencil. From this rule there are uo exceptions, Let alcador of the bar make himself ridiculous in court to-day, and the town is quizzing him to- morrow; the pulpit is not too sacred to be shielded from merited censure; and the pompous doctors, who were formerly supposed to carry the sceret of life or death in their breeches pockets, have Jately seen a terrible rupture in the reered veil that bas heretofore concealed from public eyes the patented, certified, sealed and ribboned wearers of the mantle of Hippocrates. We allude, of course, to the effect of the recent debate in the Academy of Medicine, (an instita- tion heretofore distinguished for its more than Eleusinian mystery), upon the manner by which Mr. Samuel Whitney came to hisdeath. Freed from the mass of technicalities under which many of the profession seek to hide their stu- pidity, it would appear that two physicians, be- longing to different schools, treated the patient for a disease of the throat or the lungs, aud that the patient died under the treatment. The de- bate does not throw any light upon the particu- lar cause of Mr. Whitney’s decease. The elder Mott, who conducted the post mortem examina- tion, confined himself to a description of the ap- pearance of the organs after death; the younger Mott, who performed the surgical work, could arrive at no more definite conclusion than that of his father, or if he could, it does not appear from what he said. After a great deal of acri- monious debate, hardly in accordance with the dignity which the profession claims, a motion to refer the whole matter to a committee was lost, and it was quietly hid away under the table. So much for the Academy. But neither the public nor the press show any disposition to let so important a matter drop so easily. The par- ties involved in it stand at the head of the pro- fession in this country, and the names of some of them are not unknown in Europe; their works are quoted as standard medical authorities, and each year they let loose upon society a large number of young men licensed to cut, carve, saw, blister and purge their way to fame and fortune. So influential are these sa- vans that they have their organs among the prominent metropolitan journals, some of which take the side'ofone party, while others are in the interest of the opposition. We do not, however, hear of any one on the side of the public, who, it strikes us, are the real sufferers in the matter. The journals have aired the theo- ries of the Sangrados in articles of due weight and properly mysterious technicality. We speak afew plain words for the patients of the con- tending schools—for it isa war of schools, and nothing more. It is the bitter quarrel between the old school fashionable practitioner who adheres to the traditions of the last century, and the man of science, who brings to his aid the newest discoveries, and in” his over ambitious zeal to attempt hazardous experiments offers up his patient as a sacrifice upon the shrine of his divinity. It is the theory of your fashionable physician to keep his delicate patients in such a condition that the yearly bill will be plethoric. He attempts no new fangled experiments; he does not rudely tell Madame that nothing really ails her except Maziness, but gives her a good deal of the latest gossip and a little harmless medicament. He is a nice doctor—affable to the ladies, not unpopular with the men, and so kind to the children. He lives in a good quarter of the city, hasa fine equipage, and altogether makes a good thing of it. He is an amiable man, takes things as they are, and when his patients die he lets them downeasy. His funeral manner is superb, and nothing can be finer than the way in which he carries his work home. But some- times the even tenor of theSgood man’s life is disturbed by a horrid fiend in the shape of a new light doctor—a fellow that has been abroad, and kept his eyes open; one who walks the hos- pitals, is constant at cliniques,a hard reader, and thoroughly informed upon all the latest ex- periments, operations and discoveries of Enro- pean savans. The fashionable doctor is afraid of the new light. He commences by calling him young—which is a terrible blow, but one which is easily got over. Then he is a specialist. The old Indies—like the apple woman who was called a parollelogram—don’t exactly know what a specialist is, but concludes it must be something awful. Then the new light does not recognize any distinction between a banker and a beggar, when any important fact in science is to be demonstrated. He would as quickly cut off old Coupon’s leg, in the Fifth avenue, as saw ont Bill Smith’s lower jaw, in the Five Points. This democratic system, which places the limbs of the belle upon the same footing as the legs of the laundress, is the strong battery of the fashionable doctor against the scientific practi- tioner. Sometimes, however, as in the case be- fore us, the nice little preserve of the former will be invaded indirectly by the latter, whose office practice receives recruits from the recusant patients of the Old School Galen without in- fracting the etiquette of the profession. Wo to the new light if he loses one of these patients, No language is strong enough to express the rage of the family doctor when he loses the chance of finishing up every member of it, This is the real secret of the Academy quarrel—professional jealousy and war between the cliques. When doctors disagree, however, the public olways Jearns something. In this case the public Jearne that scientific discoveries in medicine are not always relinble, Too frequently the medical man eacrifices the life of his patient in trying « hazardous experiment. But the risk of sacrific- ing some few lives to save many must be taken, or ecience must cease its efforts in the medical field. The scalpel kills more men than the sword; the Latin prescription is too often a death warrant, without the ebance of a reprieve. It is estimated that ot least three ou of five LARD deaths are accelerated by doctors and Indeed, it is impossible to calculate the number of victims to medicine, especially: among chil- dren and youth. The science of physic is yet in its infancy. There are clever anatomical de- monstratora, skilful surgeons, but few good physicians. “Gentlemen,” said an eminent French physician to his class, “we know nothing of the true theory of disease; we know only symp- toms and effects, but are altogether in the dark as to causes.” The man of science acknow- ledges this, and works for the cause; the old school doctor gives palliatives to allay the pa- tient’s pain, and docs not attempt to combat with the ailment. The public may be killed by the man of scieuce—they will never be cured by the old school practitioner. ‘Tax Cups Question nA NursueLt.—We have before usa pamphlet of ninety-five pages, from the pen of John S. Thrasher, and published by Derby & Jackson, of this city, entitled “A Pre- liminary Essay on the Purchase of Cuba,” which we would recommend to the inquiring politician as compressing the leading facts, statistics, diplomatic proceedings, opinions, &., in favor of the proposed acquisition, within the limits of a nutshell. Mr. Thrasher, a resident and newspaper editor for many years in Havana, is fully conversant with the subject thus dis- cussed, and has thus been qualified to reduce to a few pages the valuable materials of an argu- ment as comprehensive, in reference to Cuba, asthe “manifest destiny” of this great confe- deracy. As it is evident, too, that we are upon the threshold of a general and absorbing agita- tion of this great question of Cuba, this pam- phlet, with its solid historical and statistical facts and logical conclustons, is just in the nick of time. Tue Treascry Sri Avove Par,—From the fuct that a government loan of ten millidns was yesterday taken up at 102, it appears “that Mr. Cobb can still command his premiums. This is all the more encouraging, taking into the esti- mate the new loan bill before Congress of twenty millions, an impending treasury note re-issue of twenty millions, and the thirty millions of bonds involved in the new Cuba movement. When financiers and money lenders have such confidence in the Treaghry there can be no very great danger of federal bankruptcy or repu- diation. THE LATEST NEWS. Arrival of the California Overiand Mail. Sr. Louis, Jan. 24, 1859. ‘The overland mail, with San Francisco dates of the 3ls¢ ult., hag arrived here. A discredited rumor prevailed at San Francisco that Sevator Gwin would resign his ecat for the Seorctargship of the Treasury. In consequence of this, somo stir was noticeable among those ambitious of succeeding Mr. Gwin. The overland mail from Kansas had arrived at Stockton. A hundred thousand aollar prize in the Havana lottery had been won by some parties in San Francisco. The steamer Hermann had beew advertised for sala by the United States Marshal, to satisfy ju¢gments obtained by the crew against her. Dexter Brigham, Jr., had failed for $198,000. Business at San Francisco was very duli, aud rice, sugar and cau- cles had sensibly declined. bd The dates from Victoria are to the 25th of December. The Fraser river was open again, and late discoveries had increased the faith in the richness of the gold fields in that region. Arrived at San Francieco—Ships Great Republic, in one hundred and twenty days from New York; Zephyr, from Boston; Pride of the Sea, from Malaga; Joan Bart, from Bordeaux; Auckland, from Bongkok. News from the Piains. Sr. Lovis, Jan. 24, 1859. The Santa Fe mail of the 5th inst. reached Indepen- dence yesterday. Peace bad been concluded with the Navajo Indians. The Neosho mail party arrived at Santa Fe on the 2d. They were detained by the slow movements of Lieut. Beale’s party, in whose company they travelled. ‘They saw no Indians, but signs of their vicinity were visi- Dleevery day. The strength of the company was doubt- less the only reason of their not being attacked. No Santa Fe newspapers have been received, ‘The Supposed Slaver Laurens. New Lowpon, Jan. 24, 1859. On examination of the stores and outfit of the bark Lau- rens, seized as a slaver in this port, on Thursday last, by the United States Marshal, she has been libelled by the government. seksi Surrender of the Captain of the Yacht Wan- derer. Cuartestox, Jan. 24, 1859. ‘The captain of the yacht Wanderer surrendered himecif. on Saturday to the United States Marshal, and was held ‘to bail in $5,000. EEE Telegraph Linc to Leavenworth, Kansas. Leavaxworta, K. T., Jan 24, 1859. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. ‘The editor of the Leavenworth Ledger sends his compti- ments by telegraph from’ bleeding Kansas, The first through despatch. G. W. MoLANE. Fire in Newark—Seven Horses Burned. Newark, N. J., Jan. 24, 1859. A fire broke out at about two o'clock this morning in the stable No. 9 William street, destroying it, together with the adjoming stable, No. 11. Seven horses, with harness, &c., were destroyed. Some of our prominent citizens lost valuable horses that were boarding there. The loss is not accurately known, but is supposed to be about $5,000. Fire at Sturgis, Mich, Aprtan, Jan. 24, 1859. A fire at Sturgis, Mich., this morning destroyed $28,000 worth of property; insurance $5,000. Loss of the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad Company $17,000; no ia- surance. The Chicago and St. Louls Ralirond. Omrcaco, Jan. 24, 1859. ‘The €iMflculties between Governor Matteson and the em- ployés of the Chicago and St. Louis Railroad have been arranged, aud the trains commence running to day, Markets, PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. Pumapenruta, Jan. 24, 1869. Stocks heavy. | Penneyivania State dive, #84; Reading Railroad, 2434; Morris Canal, 4734; Loug island Railroad, 11; Penuisyivania Railroad, 4334. Montez, Jan. 22, 1859. Cotton dull : sales to-day 2,500 bales; ‘middling, 11}. aliige. - Avausta, Jan, 24, 1859. The cotton statement in the Constitutionalist of to-day foots up the increased receipts of the year at 962,000 bales. eo B00" bate i yates Cotton advancing: sales to- bales, of wi 1,400 were taken at 120, for middling. . Barrons, Jan. 24, 1859. Flour firm, at $5 7 for superfine Ohio and ‘Howard streot. in demand at $1 408 $1 60 for white, and $1 360 $1 88 for red. Corn dull: yellow 76c. a 78c.; white, 74c. 9 76¢. Provisions unchanged, but tending ap- ward’ “Whiskey dull at 27340. 280. Parcapecenta, Jan. mu, 1859. Fiour firm: oe siete 9 a $675. Wheat stead: white, $1.48 4 8165; red, $135 08137. Corn dull tending downwards: yellow, 78. a 70c. Pork buoyant: meas, $18 60, Lard, 1230. a 19340, in barrels and kegs Whiskey firm at 27c.'a 26¢, xpy HOOK dan ah, mune shi Rite s ry Hi jan 24, sunset—| jas Greenman, oli rane bark ant two Ovign clone of tae bas, bound out. ‘Wind SF; weather clear. LONG BRANCH, NJ, Jan 2, aunect—The Wm H Webb t in the Southern offing, bound ia.” Wind Ski, light, + HIGHLANDS, NJ, Jan 2%, sunset—No inward bound veased {n sight, ‘Wind light trom Bi. seis PHILADELPHIA, Jan 24—Arr steamer Kenslagton, Bako, Boston, Below fout ships. one bark and eeveral brige. Old bark Growler, Watts, Cienfuegos; brigs Western Star, Uolard, do; Hea Lark (Br), Cota, mtn slurs FA Hall Gat: ju q ork; steamer (i ort eis, aon ae District Conrt. nh, Judge Betts, , rt and others we. Herman Boyer.—This action 8 brought to recover the value of Boventegn boxes of sugar, which Pio tibet alleges tho ra-