The New York Herald Newspaper, October 4, 1858, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, OFFICE KN. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. AMUSBMENTS THIS EVENING. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth street —Iraian Orera Ua Traviata. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Pacvarrre. BOWERY THRATRE, Bowery.—PuaxtowRaoci—Hann- soun Jann. BURTON'S NEW THEATRE, Broadway.—Pxousn Orema te Trovarons. 2 aig ee LAURA KEENE'S THEATRE, 631 Broadway.—Loxpor Assunarce—Janny Liny. NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1858. © Hobbs, and also Mr. Locke, the government board: ing officer. The evidence principally tended to show how the Quarantine establishment had been managed, and the laxity evinced by the officiala in admitting parties to the grounds without permits oF passes. The Reverend Francis Burns, African Bishop elect of Liberia, delivered a sermon yesterday morning in the Twenty-seventh street Methodist Episcopal church, -to a large audieace. A report is given elsewhere. In another column will be fouad a report of the dedication of the Mortuary Chapel of our Lady of the Rosary. The proceedings were very interesting, and a large number of influential Catholic citizens were in attendance. The Local Preacher's Association of the Metho- dist Episcopal church of New York and Brooklyn, held its fourth anniversary meeting in the Allen BARNUWS AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.— Afternoen and Breaing Tuopos's Mimo Womib—Du. Vaisnrine, Ac. WOOD'S MINSTREL BUILDING, 661 and 563 Broadway— Bemortas Sones, Danons, £0.—Tus Oup Crock. MECHANTO’S HALL, 473 Broadway.—Bavants’ MixsTeets —Nuone Songs snp ‘Bomuesques romano thx THIRD. yy. —Ermorian Coa CAMPBELL 444 Broadwa: €0.—Le Moun Maciaas. BacTeRwrios, COOPER INSTITUTE— reToN'’s LECTURE ON Na. Tora: Puuosorur, Onmaarsy ioe ELEorro-MAGNETISM. New York, Monday, Octobcr 4, 1858. MAILS FOR EUROPE. Whe New York Herald—Edition for Europe. ‘The Canard mail steamship Niagara, Capt. Miller, will leave Boston on Wednesday, at noon, for Liverpool. ‘The European mails will close in this city to-morrow af- ternoon, at half-past two o'clock to go by railroad, and at four o'clock to go by steamboat. ‘The European edition of the Hxraxp, printed in French and English, will be published at cleven o'clock in the morning. Single espies in wrappers, six cents. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the New York Heratp will be received at the following places in Europe :— Lompon.. ..Samson Low, Son & Co., 47 Ludgate Hill. Kmos & Macey, 61 King’ William street. Panm...... Lausing, Baldwin & Co., 8 Place de la Bourse. Livanroot. . Lansing, Starr & Co., No. 9 Chapel street. R. Stuart, 10 Exchange strect, East. Havre... Lansing, Baldwin & Co., 21 Rue Corneille. | ‘The contents of the Kuropean edition of the Herat | ‘will combine the news received by mail and telegraph at the office during the previous week, and up to the hour of Publication. MAILS FOR THE PACIFIC. New York Herald—California Edition. ‘The United States mail steamship Moses Taylor, Captain Jobo McGowan, will leave this port to-morrow afternoon, c, for Aspinwall. California and other parts of the Pacific will close at one o'clock to-morrow afternoon. The New York Werkty Hmrarn—California edition— containing the Latest intelligence from all parts of the world, will be published at ten o'clock in the morning. Single copies, in wrappers, ready for mailing, six cents. Agents will please send in their orders as early as pos sible. ‘The News. No aigns of the steamship Nova Scotia were ap- parent at River du Loupe last evening. The weather was thick and rainy. Elsewhere we give some very interesting. corres- pondence from Great Salt Lake City, down to the 4th ult. Governor Cumming had returned to the city after a pleasure excursion of a couple of days to Cottonwood kanyon, with some of the clite of Mormondom. Gen. Grant,and aman named Wil- | liams, were tried and convicted of a breach of the | peace. They were both found guilty and sentenced | to pay a fine of one hundred dollars and the costs | of court. Breaches of the peace are becoming | quite common in the streets of the holy city. Trou: | ble is anticipated with the Indians. The mail of | the 17th of August had been destroyed by the and the carriers barely escaped with their | lives. Colonel Harbin had been obliged to | call upon General Johnston for an escort of soldiers to protect the herds of cattle he | was driving to California. The Indians have | declared their intention to rob every mail, and to | stampede the stock of every emigrant train that at- tempts to croas to California. Colonel Lander had | arrived in Salt Lake City. He reported that the | wagon road under his superintendence was pro- | greasing rapidly, and would be completed before the | Mountain snows setin. Brigham Young is still at | Salt Lake City, but closely confines himself indoors. | Bosiness waa reviving at Salt Lake, and traders were | coming in with their goods. Snow fell on the 5th | ult. at Platte Bridge, about one hundred and difty | apiles above Fort Laramie. Our files from Havana contain some additional | facts connected with the late revolution in St. Do- mingo and the flight of ex-President Valverde, | which we publish today. General Santana was | nominally at the head of affairs, pending a new presidential election. Our advices from Venezuela are dated at Laguay- Ta on the 7th of September. General Monagas and J. Guiteres left that port on the 51st of August, in compliance with the decrees of exile pronounced | against them by General Castro and the convention entered into by the Venezuelan government with the Ministers of England and France. The transla tious from our files of Havana and Havre papers given to-day. fully explain the force of these official papers, copies of which are published. Our Bogota correspondent, writing on the 1th of August, furnishes some interesting news from | New Granada. , General Mosquera had exhibited | the surveys of the railroad which it is proposed to | run from the port of Bueno Ventura to the city of Cali, in the Cauca Valley. This route has been sur veyed and mapped out by Captain J. D. William- son, aided by a scientific corps from New York, | and the clegance of the published designs has | added much to the credit of our countrymen all | over the State. The road will run over the Cordil- | leras of the Andes, and the funds for its construc tion are ready when Captain Williamson consent to take cha of the works. A large increase had | taken place in the products of the soil of New Granada, and the merchants londly demanded other means of export transit than that furnished by the low water of Magdale The report that yellow fever prevailed on the Isthmus of Panama on the 20th ultimo, furnished to us from Aspinwall and published in the Heraiy on Saturday last, is denied in the most positive manner by competent authority in this city. It is asserted that the steamship Granada and St. Louis were pot visited by the disease this season, and that | the last named vessel, which is now here, was not de tained at Quarantine on her return from Key West We have news from the West Indies, doted at Kingston, Jamaica, on the 10th ultimo. . Great hopes were entertained of an ultimate connection | with the United States and Europe by submarine telegraph, and the government of Jamaica would provide any reasonable amount of money to effect it. An agitation was shout to be commenced in Jamaica having for ite object the obtaining of a colonial representation in the Imperial Parliament. Coolies would be imported from China and India by private enterprise, in consequence of the refa sal of government aid. The Jomaica mines were improving. General trade and freights were dull there. Sugar had advanced in price The steamer Cass-Yrisarri, Capt. Slocum, belong ing to the American, Atlantic and Pacific Ship Canal Company, arrived at Key West after « rough passage, on the 18th ultimo, all safe, as announced in the Haravp yesterday. The Cass-Yrisarri took in @ supply of coal and sailed for San Juan del Norte on the 22d, to wke ber place on Lake Nicaragua ae part of the line of the new Transit route. ‘The investigation into the causes which led to the burning of the Quarantine establishment at Staten Inland, was continued on Saturday before Judge Metcalfe. Among the witnesses examined were Doctors Westervelt, Lee, Harcourt, Harrisou, | which Street church yesterday. Delegates were present from different sections of the country. A large con- gregation was in attendance, which was addressed by the Rev. Dr. Harmer, of Baltimore, and others A very interesting meeting was held in the Jane street church last evening to bid farewell to The Rev. Mr. Baldwin, who sailed this morning for China, as a missionary. See report in another column. Mr. Theodore Durkin, a member of Sheiton’s Brass Band, of this city, was accidentally killed at Troy, yesterday, by his horse and wagon being pre- cipitated down a steep declivity in the apper part of that city. The ceremony of formally consecrating the corner stone for the new lighthouse on Minot's ledge took place on Saturday last, at Cohasset. As the weather was too rough to admit of proceeding to the ledge the Masonic exercises took place on shore, the Grand Master officiating. Mayor Lin: coln, of Boston, Hon. Edward Everett and others, made speeches appropriate to the occasion. ‘The sales of cotton on Saturday embraced about 3.000 bales, part in transity. ‘The market closed firm at 1340. for middling uplands. The four market was again de Presses, and closed at further concessions in prices for most descriptions, while in the absence of any conside rable export demand supplies have increased, and sales were moderate, chiefly to the home trade, Wheat was inactive and toa great extent nominal. Corn was anset tled and quotations favored purchasers. The sales is cluded Western mixed at 694g, for inforior, Tle. a T1A¢6 for fair, and one parcel of prime to choice quality was reported at 75c., with some Southern white at 8c. Pork was firm and in rather better demand, with sales of moss at $16 90 a $17, and of prime at $14 75a $15. Sugars were Steady and in fair demand, with sales of about 700 a 800 hdds, without change in prices, Coffee was quiet, but firm, Freights to Liverpool exhibited more tone: wheat, in bulk, was taken at 33y4., rosin at 1s, @d., and colton at 532d. To other ports engagements were light aud rates unchanged ‘The Ilinots Contest—Mr. Douglas, the South- ern Fire-Eaters and the Présidential Suac- cession, There is something very extraordinary and very significant in the sympathy which now prevails so extensively among the Southern fire- eaters in behalf of Mr. Senator Douglas at this important crisis to himself and the Illinois de- mocracy. The Richmond Kaguiver, the central organ of Governor Wise, has from the beginning of the Lecompton rupture sustained the rebel- lious Senator; but this has surprised nobody. inasmuch as Governor Wise. from the outset, boldly and without reserve has occupied the same position as Douglas. But when we find that late intractable and belligerent organ of the Southern anti-Douglas Leeompton flre-eaters, the Richmond South, and many of the leading oracles and organs of that faction, from Virginia to Mississippi, among the warmest in their ex- | pressions of sympathy for the cause of “the Little Giant,” there is evidently a new move- ment afoot looking beyond the exigencies of the present day and the existing administration. To the Southern fire-eater, who preaches the protection of slavery as the test question of democracy, and the extension of slavery as the paramount duty of the government, one would not suppose that there could | be anything particularly attractive in the present platform of the Illinois Senator. The fire-cater sticks to the population restriction of the English Kansas bill; Mr. Douglas boldly repu- diates it, and holds that when a territory has population enough for a slave State, it has suffi- cient popalation for a free State. The fire-cater contends that ander the Dred Scott decision, the | local authorities of a Territory cannot interfere to exclude or discourage the institution of alave- ry, butare bound to protect it; while Mr. Doug- | las maintains that the Dred Scott decision is a mere abstraction, and that “ the people of a Ter- ritory can, by lawful means, exclude slavery be- fore the Territory comes in as a State.” How is it, then, that we find such fire-eating organs as the Richmond Sowh and New Orleans Delta, and such fire-eating leaders as Toombs, Stephens and Senator Brown, so fervently desiring the of Donglas, and go earnestly hoping that may thrash the abolitionist Lincoln out of he his boots 1° We answer that the steady conservative gene- 'y of Mr. Buchanan's adininistrajion, and particularly the practical settlement of the Kansas imbroglio, has left nothing upon the books for sectional agitation—-nothing uapon the Southern fire-eaters can raise a profiable nigger excitement. Their last periment was upon the question of the vival of the Afriewa slave trade ; here, a single letter from the Secretary of the ex. re- but | Treasury, reciting the existing laws of Congress, and the duties of the government in the pre imises, put an end to the humbug. These South- ern agitators, therefore, are dropping these worn-out scarecrows of secession, disunion, and a Southern confederacy in behalf of Southera rights and Southern niggers, and are casting about them in reference to the practical is@es of the next Presidential election. Mr. Buchanan is not. and will not be, a candi date for the succession; and, starting from thi« point, the support of his administration becomes a secondary question, and the control of the | Charleston Convention becomes the paramount isene with all the aspirants of the party for power and plunder. In this view, as the South | ern fire-eaters, without remorse, cast overboard Donglas and Pierce in . and brought for- ward Mr. Buchanan, because he alone was their available man, so we apprehend their present sympathy for Douglas has reference to a North- ern footing in 1860, without which the Charles- ton nomination must fall to the ground. The democracy, it is presumed, have the Southern States. with one or two exceptions, secure against all contingencies; but, with the with- drawal of Mr. Buchanan from the field, Penn- eylvania will almost certainly be reconquered by the opposition, and in this contingency the South cannot afford to lose the vote of Illinois and the « fuction of the other Western and North- Herein, we apprehend, lies the secret of this newborn eympathy of the Southern ultras for Douglas and his cause in Minois. The issue be- tween him and the administration they regard as a trifling affair, and the administration itaelf as but a temporary institution which must be tole- rated, but whigh jtis aot aegessary to recognise as the law of the party when expediency may point in another direction. Granted that Mr. Douglas will be defeated in Dlinois, the result of} the election will doubtless show that the restora- tion of the State to the democracy will depend upon his full restoration to the party camp. Let | this be done, and from the present manifestations | of Southern leaders and organs, we may con- clude that Mr. Douglas will be reatored into line as a prominent, if not the most conspicuous, democratic candidate for the succeasion. These views, we apprehend, cover the calcula- tions of the Southern Douglas fire-eaters in refe- rence to 1860. Those ultras have discovered at length that their disunion and secession hobbics will no longer serve their purpose—that without a Northern balance of power they can no more elect a President in 1860 than they could have done it in 1856. And thus, finding the key to all the ramifications of this sympathy for Douglas, open and diaguised, North and South, we can only await for more definite devclopements from the general results of our October and November Northern elections, Meantime, as Mr. Buchanan is not and will not be a candidate for a second term, and as be has 20 especial favorite upon whose shoulders he desires to place the mantle of his administration, he can have no other object in view than a satis- factory account of his stewardship. To this end, from the factions and demoralization of his par- ty, he may find it necessary at the next session of Congress, as at the last, to depend for the success of his most important measures upon the patriotic men of the opposition camps. Thus, too, with or without a working party majority in Congress, his administration will be success- ful from the merits of his general policy. But still it isa most remarkable fact that while the administration has shown that it can prosper in spite of democratic traitors and disorganizers, these very disorganizers themselves, in many quarters, pretend to be among the most ardent supporters of ihe administration. They know, or they will discover in the end, that the demo- cratic candidate of 1860 will be compelled to run and can only be clected upon the merits of this adniinistration. From the increased democratic vote in the jute clectioas, this conviction is rapidly gaining ground; from ihe resolutions of the Douglas managers af Syracuse it is too strong to be re- sisted; and thus the necessities of the party be- fore the ead of another year may prove that this new Douglas movement in the South and in the North was commenced too soon, and that the democracy for 1860 must be reorganized under a different arrangement. Tue ParaGvay Exprprrion.--We give to-day, in another column, a concise history of our difli- culties with Paraguay, and of the expedition which has been prepared and will be sent out under command of Commodore Shubrick, to pro- tect the interests of our citizens and the honor of the country. The expedition is composed of eight sailing vewels and eight light draft steam- ers, equipped aud armed in the most thorough manner; and we have not the slightest doubt that they will give a good account of themselves, if President Lopez should not see the folly of his conduct before they show their teeth. A peace commission will accompany the expe- dition, in order to give the Dictator of Paraguay an opportunity to do what is right before his forts are knocked to pieces, should he be so in- clined. Judge Bowlia, of Missouri, has been selected for this purpose, and if we may judge his probable course in Paraguay by the harsh style of diplomacy he adopted in New Granada there will be very little palavering in the Pa- rans river. He will be instructed to demand an apology for Gring upon the Water Witch, indem- nity for American claimants, and the ratification of the treaty negotiated by Lopez, and which he refused to ratify because he objected to the title of “the United States of America.” Another point will be made in these demands, which is a new and remarkable one, but which wili no doubt be widely followed hereafter by all nations, da | view of the peculiar and despotic system of | government in Paraguay, our government will insist that American citizens in that country | shall be placed in all respects upon an equal | footing with Paraguayans in the United States. | This stipulation is a worthy clause in the high American policy which the administration of Mr. Buchanan has elaborated, and it will, no doubt, become one of the standing clauses in all future | treaty negotiations between nations. The expe- dition is now in an advanced state, and will be Commerc Fatweres—Lurrovemesr ty Trrvr.— The effects of the financial revulsion of last year, so far at least as they are indicated by commercial failures in this city, seem to he yield- ing to the improved condition of trade which has been apparent for some time past The first crash of the revulsion come on the 24th of August, 1357. with the fuilure of the Obio Life and Trust Company: and from that date to the Ist of October following, the commercial failures i is city amounted to one hundred and twenty For the same period this year the failures oumber only twelve, and from the Ist of April to the present date only fifty-two, and many of these are doubtless houses which have been dragging along since the crisis of last fall. The scarcity of failures this year, however, cannot be attributed so much to an improved trade as to the fet that most of the large houses in the city which were destined to break—all which bad expanded too much-—have smashed up Jong ago, aod it was only the small fry that re- mained to be finished off this year. Besides, it must be taken into account that there is not more than half the trade doing now that there was at this time in 1857—although it ix rapidly reviving what trade is being done conducted with more caution; cash, and not ruinously long credit is, to a greater extent than . the mediuin of trade. Business men have had a wholesome lesson, which will proba- bly last them for the next five years, when, ac- cording to previous experience, we may expect a retura to the old system of recklessness and expansionthe certain precursors of another financial crisis in ten or twenty years to come. While this is true of the state of affairs in the city of New York, other Atlantic cities show a similar record. The failures from April 1, 1868, to October 1, were:—In Boston, eight; in Phila- ‘ delphia eighteen, and in Baltimore thirty-four. The total number of commercial failures throughout the Union for the same period was nine hundred and ninety-six—a great decrease from last year. The aggregate amount of the above failures is probably less than half what it was in 1857, These facts we learn from the well organized commercial agency of McKillop & Wood, Beekynan street; and they are very in- teresting as indications of the curreat of busi ess throughout thg country and is ever befe on its way by the middle of the present month. | | ‘Phe Rebugiding of the Quarantine Hospitals. ‘This morning, it is understood, the Commis- sioners of Emigration are to commence the foun- dation of their new hospitals on the Quarantine grounds on Staten Island. Though they call their new buildings “shanties,” it ia evident that they are to be buildings of the most permanent and durable character—built of brick, with double walls und roofed with slate. The Com- missioners of Emigration are bent on fulfilling Mayor Tiemann’s threat that, though he disap- proved of the Quarantine on Staten Island, yet still, to punish the Staten Islanders for their law- lessness, he intended to rebuild permanent build- ings so as “to make the Islanders squeal.” There are two or three considerations which, at this crisis, deserve some general thought. In the first place, as to money. True, money is a very mfor matter, when health, life, law, and com- mon decency are at stake; but still, in this fear- fully overtaxed community, and in view of the Jarge sums which Governor King is squandering in his military occupation of Staten Island—all of which will come out of the State Treasury— the question of money deserves a passing glance. The Emigration Commissioners propose to de- fray the cost of their new hospitals out of the fund appropriated by act of the Legislature for the removal of the hospitals from Staten Island. That which the Legislature voted for a specific purpose, these officials propose to apply to the very opposite. Can this be legal? Can Messrs. Hall, Bowne and Benson, the Commissioners for the removal of Quarantine, patiently tolerate so manifest a misapplication of the fund placed in their hands? Next, as to the rebuilding of the hospitals at all. Mayor Tiemann and the Emigration Com- missioners pretend that they are only going to put up “shanties,” and that some buildings of some kind are absolutely necessary to accommo- date patients now, and during the fall and win- ter. Both of these assertions are untrue. The so called “shanties” it is proposed to build in the most permanent and durable manner, of brick, with double walls, six inches apart, well filled in, and solidly roofed with slate. Who can believe that such buildings are only intended for afew months service? But no shanties of any kind are needed. There are at present but six patients in the hospital; and these might legally and properly be sent, this very day, to Ward’s Island and the Seamans’ Retreat. Winter is close at hand, and everybody knows that during that season, no quarantine hospitals are needed. All the patients who arrive here from sea between this and June next might safely, legally, and fairly be sent to Ward’s Island. There would indeed be no danger or inconvenience in hiring a house anywhere for their reception. We are then driven to the conclusion, first, that no tem- porary hospitals are required; and next, that the Emigration Commissioners, knowing this, do not intend to erect any, but, on the contrary, pur- pose to misspend the State moneys in rebuilding permanent hospitals on the site of the last. Even the shameful municipal records of New York fail to contain a parallel to the wilful ob- stinacy and folly which inspire this act. Every authority, high and low, has pronounced against the retention of the Quarantine hospitals on Sta- ten Island. The Legislature has twice formally passed acts for their removal. Governor King has earnestly recommended it in his messages. Dr. Thomson, the Health Officer, has declared on oath that the hospitals ought to be removed. Dr. Bissell, Dr. Walser, and every other Quarantine official have sworn that the present site is not a fit nor a safe one. Mayor Tiemann has repeatedly pronounced himself in favor of the removal. The evidence of the officials and citizens who have been examined before Judge Metcalfe, and the uniform experience of the past ten years, show that the ex- istence of quarantine hospitals on Staten Island is full of danger for that suburb of the city, tor Brooklyn and for New York itself. Yet, in the face of this overwhelming mass of obstacles —-in the teeth of a crushing accumulation of warnings from the Legislature, from the Governor, from the Mayors, from the Quarantine officials them- selves, from every one who has given a thought to the subject—the Commissioners of Emigration now propose to rebuild permancat structures on | the old site. ‘That so mad a course of proceeding will pro- bably lead to results of a most lamentable cha- racter there can hardly be any room for doubt : aud if the worst happen, it is quite clear where the responsibility will lie, Meanwhile, it will be well for the general overnment to remove its property and officials out of the sphere of con- tention. The United States have acquired from New Jet the right of erecting warehouses on Sandy H They should avail themselves of this right without delay. The goods and ware- houses should at once be removed from their present site, The Commissioners of Emigration should not be sutlered to involve the g government in their feud; nor should the perty in the public warchonses be exposed to the accidents which the spiteful policy of the Mayor and the Commissioners seems designed to provoke. Tax Contnetixe at a Dean Loox.-The col section of taxes for this year is at a dead lock, and the taxpayers, who are anxious to acquit themselves of their legal obligations to the city treasury, find themselves unable to doso when they make application to the tax receivers. This unusual state of affairs is due to the Commission- ers of Record, it appears, who have laid an in- junction on the Board of Supervisors, restraining them from delivering the tax books into the hands of the Receiver of Taxes. The Commis- sion of Record, like all other departments of the municipal government, has a pretty lavish ex- penditure attached to it, which the Board of Su- pervisors have undertaken to eut down ; and hence the injunction. The Legislature granted the Commissioners of Record the large sum of $300,000 out of the tax levy for their expenses this year, which the Supervisors thought was too much by $250,000; so they reduced the amount to $50,000—wherenpon the Commissioners got out an injunction, as above stated. What is to be done in this contingency? How is the mis- government of the city to be conducted without funds? The money must be raised by loan. we suppose, unless this injunction be speedily re- moved by process of law. Meantime the taxpay- ers must submit to a temporary inconvenience. Further than this, however, they cannot suffer: for of course they cannot be held responsible for not paying what the proper authorities will not re- ceive, This little episode is another beautiful example of the efficiency of our city govern- ment. Tur Best Recommenvation ror Orvice.— Dis- miseal from the Castom House seems to be jnst now a trump card in the hands of candidates for official position in thfs city. Several of these exofficebolders have been recently gratified with other posts, That is gowething of a cga- solatory idea for those who dread the descent of Mr. Schell’s guillotine on their necks, “There's a silver lining to every cloud.” AgricurruraL Fams.—Our annual State fair will be held at Syracuse this week, and pro- mises to be well attended. People have begun to appreciate these gatherings, and our agricul- turists particularly seem to realize fully the benefits which they derive from seeing the best specimens of the produce and stock of the farms. They acquire an immense fund of information from this commingling and competition, and are stimulated more and more to study the arts of husbandry and cattle raising. We have boy- rowed the idea from England, where agricultural fairs have been a long time in vogue, and where they have had great influence in improving the breed of cattle, introducing better modes of husbandry, and giving to the farming and labor- ing classes more refined motions of cleanliness in their persons, their dwellings and their farm yards But though the plan of holding agricultural fairs is not of very ancient adaptation here, it is by no means backward in its developement. On the con- trary, it has entered largely into our social policy and forms quite a feature in rural life. We have extended it up to national fairs, and down to county fairs, so that from the poorest of our small New England farmers to the wealthiest of our Southern planters, all have a place at which their various products can be represented and at which they can acquire information as to the most approved plans of cultivation, the best breeds of cattle and horses, and the newest in- ventions in agricultural implements. In New England, particularly, does this taste for agricultural fairs prevail; and to such an ex- tent are their advantages appreciated by the people, that the naturally sterile lands of Massa- chusetts are got up to a point of productiveness little, if at all, inferior to the lands of the most favored State in the Union. Their public men are not above this popular sentiment in honor of agricultural demonstrations; but, being for the most part farmers themselves, they are identi- fied with them, and add not a little to the at- tractiveness and advantages of the fairs, by the addresses which they are called upon from time to time to deliver at these gatherings of the people. The movement is daily gaining force, and is spreading throughout the whole extent of the United States—East and West, North and South. County and State fairs are held in the harvest months, and farmers, with their wives and daughters, flock to them from all localities, and leave them more or less enlightened on sub- jects of their every day life. We have already had several national fairs in Springfield, Phila- delphia and Louisville. The next will be on the 25th instant, in Richmond. Canada, too, is not behind hand in this movement, but has her agricultural and in- dustrial exhibitions. In more views than the improvement in husbandry are these annual gatherings of our people important. They serve to cement the bonds of union and fellowship among our citizens, and we trust they may be ever encouraged and appreciated as they now are. Travet. vo Evrore.—Whether travel to Eu- rope has received a stimulus from the laying of the cable or from the greater number of steam- ships now running, or both causes combined, cer- tain it is that for a long time past the ves- sels of the different lines sailing from this and other ports have been taking a large increase in the number of cabin passengers over that of any previous season. The Vanderbilt, which left New York on Saturday last for Southampton, Havre and Bre- men, carried out the unprecedented owmber of 429——the largest ever taken by a steamship across the Atlantic. A glance at the record of outgoing steamships for the past month shows that two thousand six hundred and twenty-one cabin passengers left the ports of New York and Boston for Europe, which were distributed as follows:— Conaxp Live. —Vrom Now York—Arabia, sailed Sept. 11, took seventy pe-wngers; Africa, sailed Sept 15, took wixty tive ors, Persia, sailed Sepi. 29, took one hundred and seventy From Boaton—Caada, natied. Sept. 8, took thirty-nine passengers, Asia, sailed Sept, 22, took’ sixty-three pas sengers ‘Naw Yors, Soctaampos axy Havag Line. —Fulton, sailed Sept. 18, took $9 passengers. Vasnarmit Ling, To Socrnamrtos axp Havire.—Vander- Dilt, sailed Oct, 2, 420 Laverroot axp New Yorn ww Lixe.—City of Balti more, sailed 9, took 215 passengers; Vigo, sailed Sept. 26, took 288 passengers. Vasoxnait’s New Yorx, Sormasrrox avo Brewey Link. —Ariel, sailed Sept. 4, took 180 passengers; North Star, sailed Sept. 11, took 114 pas: 3 Gtascow Link. —Kainbargh, sailed Sept, 8, took 143 passengers. HAMNERG Lixt—Saxonia, sailed Sept, 1, took 239 pas sengers; Borussia, sailed Sept. 15, took 165 passengers. Hires AND York Lins. —Hndson, sailed Sept. 11, 104 passengers, Atlantic, and shows how closely the two conti- nents have been drawn together by the advance of science and the improvements in ocean navi- gation. © Sut Massscmarras me Price! —This per- tinent question is put in Brother Garrison's Lite- rotor last week. Ax there may be some curiosity about the exact way in which the Puritan com- moowealth is to be liberated according to Gar- rison, here it is: TO THR BONORANLE FENATE AXD HOURE OF PEPRRCEWTATIVES OF THE COMMON WRALTIC OF MASRACHURETIS The undersigned, citizens of Masaachnsetts, respectfully ask jo enact that no person who has been held ‘a Hi be delivered up by any officer or comrt, or federal, within (his commonwealth, to any one claiming him on the ground that be owes “service or Inbor” to such claimant, by the laws of one of the slave States of the: Enon That's nullification oat and ow. We fear that Massachusetts never will be free from bigotry, fanaticism, meanness and treason while Garrison & Co. remain within her borders; and as they do not recognise the binding authority of the fede- ral government, why don't they cut their sticks at onee’ If they would take one island in the Vacific, the Free Lovers another and the Mor- mons another, and keep out of the track of our new lines of steamships (which we are going to start,) they might carry out all their queer ideas in peace, and we should be relieved of a nui- sance. They might have an Abolition, Mormon, Free Love Joint Stock Emigration Company. We recommend the matter to the serious con- sideration of the Wall street philosophers. Tak Utica Free Love Convention De- NounceD ror rs Atxi-Aso.rrtontsa.—Parker Pillsbury, one of the most conspicuous members of the Free Love Convention recently held at Utica, writes to the Boston Liberator, in con- demnation of the Convention, which he says would suffer in comparison with the previous one at Rutland, in point of taste, talent and moral tone, THe complains that the cause of the slave met with little favor; that some of the epeecties treated if, with disrespect) that evga the Ay Lane. —Pacific, sailed Sept. 18, took 186 passen. | Prices. Making a total of sixteen steamships and 2,621 passengers in one month, This is certainly an | #4 immense increase on any previous month since the establishment of steam navigation on the Spirit, who spoke through a trance medisim, mis- represented ‘the sentiments of the abolitionists present—himself and Stephen 8. Foster; that a spiritualist from Missousl (Mrs. Britt), apoto- gized for slaveholders, and—worse than all— that a eotored man declared that though slavery might be an evil, radical anti-slavery was a much greater evil. ‘On the whole, therefore, Brother Pililebury was not pleased with this Utica Free Love Comvea- tion, and comes to Brother Garrison for comsola- tion. When abolitionism is tabooed and ridi- culed in‘such a gathering of eccentricities, we are afraid there is little hope for it anywhere. ‘The few abolitionists that are left in New England will have to mount another hobby. There iv ao future for them. PusLic AMUSEMENTS—PROSPERITY OF THE Orera anp Tuxatres.—If the condition of pub- lic amusements can be taken as an index of the times, we must be in the inflating era again. During the past month all the theatres have bee crowded, and at one period we had three Operas in full swing. On Saturday, which is not a regular opera night, both Burton’s and the Academy matinee were full, and the prospects for the present week are even better than that. All the theatres will” be open—the veteran Wallack taking the field on Tuesday—and there will be two Operas, Ita- lian and English. We have never before had such an array of dramatic and musical artists as will entertain us during the next six weeks, and the extensive affiches of the managers show that they expect a busy campaign. Everybody is busy with new plays or new artists, or tremen- dous combinations “entirely regardless of ex- pense,” and quite in contrast with last year, when all the theatres were under short sail, and the poor knights of the sock and buskin starving on short pay, or none at all. The present week will be a lively one in amusement matters; but our grand excitement, exceeding anything since Jenny Lind’s day, will be reserved for the arri- val of the Piccolomini, who may be expected on Saturday or Sunday next, and whose debut under the auspices of Ullman, will probably eventuate on to-day, fortnight. So the @roadway dealers can prepare their Piccolomini hats and things. She's coming. THE LATEST NEWS. Non-Arrival of the Nova Scotian, River pv Loves, C. E., Oct. 3, 1868. Up to seven o'clock this evening there were no signs of the steamship Nova Scotian, now fully due, with Liver. pool dates of the 22d ult. The weather is very dark and rainy, and there is very little probability of ber arrival before to-morrow morning. Affairs in Washington. Wasnisaton, Octsber 3, 1858. Mr. Samuel Samuels, of Brooklyn, Mw Tork, recently obtained a patent for “Certain new and useful 4mprove- ments in the laying of submarine telegrapn cables.’ What he claims is, passing the cable from the ehip or ves- sel through the bottom thereof, at or near the point by him specified. He alsoclaims the employment, to cou- duct the cable tothe bottom of the vessel, and to exclude the water from the opening in the bottom where the cable leaves it, of a tube, the whole or the lower part of which basa downward inclination toward the stern of the ves- sel, substantially as and for the purpose specified. Owen G, Warren, of New York, has also received a Patent fora similar purpose. His plan for laying the cable is to wind it on a reel immersed in the water, nearly to the surface, and tow it across the ocean. To this end he would make the cable only so much more than the Specific gravity of the water as would be requisite to sink it with the necessary rapidity. Minot’s Ledge Lighthouse. Boston, Oct. 3, 1858. Yesterday, in response to an announcment from Lieut. Alexander, United States Eugineer, that the foundation of the new lighthouse on Minot’s ledge was ready for the corner stone, the city government, officers of the Grand Lodge of Freemasons and numorous invited guests pro- ceeded to Cohasset for the purpose of formally conse- crating the event with Masonic ceremonies, &c. The weather was too rough to allow of a visit to the ledge, and the exercises, which were of an interesting character, took place on shore. Liont. Alexander received the party with a brief statement concerning the work as far as it had |, Mayor Lincoln then made some remarks, which were followed by the usual Mavonic ceremonies ou wi near street. In bn 7 attempting to tura around, fifty fect on to and Railroad tr ‘The Yellow w Fever : at Savannah. There were six interment way ate Ss £2 wero * ; from yellow fever Petraes Markets. New Onuaans, Oct. 2, 1858 Cotton unchanged: sales to-day, 2,500 bales, Bavann, Oct. 2, 1868, She nales of cotton to-day were 440 bales, at unchanged Crrenevati, Oot. 2, 1868 Flour dull and unsettied at $476 for superfine and $4 86 ‘8 $6 for extra. Wheat—A declining tendency. Corn dalt unsettled, Whiskey steady at 19. Provisiony um changed. Cmrcaco, Oct. 2, 185%. Four, uit Plat gut Z 2c. Corn declined te. sales al fo. is dull. ipments to Roffalo—1 100 bbis. flour, 21,000 bushels wheat. Shipments to Ox 24,000 bushels wheat. Recripts—2,400 bbls. four, 50,000 bushels wheat, 25,000 bustiels corn Derraio, Oct. 2—6 P.M. Moderate business in flour, no changes ty note in quo- 1,400 bbis., at $5 1255 for choice Wisconsin; Ha to choice extra Indiana, Michigan, ‘Obie and Canada; $5 75 for double extra. Wheat in mo derate demand; market heavy and lower: sales 17,000 burbels Milwaukie club, at $1; 5,300 bushels red Linois winter, and 2,300 bushels ordinary white Kentucky, at $1 25; 5,000 bushels red Ohio, at $1 18—market closing doll and heavy. Corn dull and lowor: sales 16,000 bushels, at 614¢. a Gc. Barley firm and nominal, at 80e: ae Rye, Oats at 46c. 8 460. Whiskey quiet: sales 100 ; at 20. Canal freights unchanged—s0e. on Gaur, Tc. on wheat, and Ie. on corn to New York. 039 bbs. flour, 42,589 bushels wheat, 11,863 Hi Oawroo, Ook 2—6 I. M. Flour unchanged, demand moderate. Wheat quiet : sales 3,000 bushels white Canadian at $122. Corn dull and held above the views of buyers: sales 1,300 bushels damaged at 00r. Oats. rye and barley quiet. Freuhte a 28c. on flour, Be. on wheat, Tic. on corn to New York. Lake imports—20,600 bushels wheat. Canat exports—18,800 bushels wheat, 8,200 bushels oats ALBANY, Oct. 2-6.P: M. The ont figure worthy of notice in our market continues to be the barley trade. “large sales were made of it to day, privately, to Gill orders. The extent of the sales dud hot transpire, but sales of some sixiy or seventy thousand bushels are reported at advanced rates, We quote foar State at from $1 10a $1 16; 10,000 bushels Lalee arrive, sold at $1 10; Canadian was sold at $1 20, arrive and on the apot. market closed buoyant and with a tendency still Shipments by tows: 5,900 bushels corn; 18,000 bushels barley _—_—— Brooklyn City News. Ax Iermeren Vass. —Tie Yauow Freer —Tho Healt Officer made an examination of the watchman on board the schooner Mary Diana, lying in Atianie Deck basin, y. who had been ted sick. The evidences proved ito be a ace ot yebew fever. The vessel wae thereupon ordered back to Quarantine. She bad been in the lower bay, and was as sapposed disinfecied. but it ap pears that the infection had not been reroved, nokwit! 0 A standing the fumigation. ‘woman amet Comamings is reported to have died of yellow fever on Saturday. She resided at the foot of Amity street. ‘The Health Officer reports one death by yellow fever last week, in his bill of mortality. Dr. BorsTaw's Lectvens.—De. Boynton is delivering bis course of leetares on geology at the Athenwwm with groat success. A ctowtled audience listened to his third Reture on Saturday evening, the subject being the « phic Rorks."’ Portion of his address which treated of the gold diggings of California was listened to with great in terest, and the exhibition of the splendid paintings repre senting that region of country was the signal for loud ap- Plouse. He alluded to the statistion furnished to the fierary when the gold fever was ragiie and stated that it was bis opinion that the supply of Lhe preorons metal Galformia way GRQAUSHicss * — i