The New York Herald Newspaper, April 25, 1858, Page 1

THE NEW YORK TERATL THE ATRATO EXPEDITION. Interettieg Report of Licut, N. Michier, tn * Charge ef the Tepographical Party. Tunne, on Vuwsr, on mm Gurr or Danes, SraTROP Cuoco, Rerowio or New GRANADA, March 8, 1868. Won. Jerse Tovcky, Sronmrany ov Tun Navy ‘8m—I have the honor to report to you the return from ‘We “Atrate Expedition” of myself and entire party, and of eur safe arrival on beard the United States schooner Varina, anchored off the mouth of the Atrato; the ad- ‘Wanced reached the vessel on the 20th February, and the last section, under my immediate direction, on the even. fg of the 3d ult. and the morning of the 4th ot March ‘Lieat. T. A. Craven and party arrived at thie place on the ‘Wth of February, of which fact I presume he has already advised you. tis with mach pleasure and satisfaction that Iam able feannounce to the Navy Jepartment the termination of the labors of my party im the fleld—a complete topo- @zephieal survey having beem made across the country, between thie gulf and the Pacific Ocean, of the proposed voute for an interoceanic ship canal, With your permis eien I will submit to you # brief sccount of the survey in fhe field, for the information of those interested in its mccess. The practicability of the route can only be de @etermined upon after the completion of the necessary enamimation of the results of those labors. In the first piace let me premise that the line examined Bes wm the State of Choco, one of the States of New Granada; that the Atrato section of the entire route, as far an the object of the survey is intended, is the least in resting portion in its bearmg upof the success of the undertaking; and that the title ‘Atrato Expe- dition” is a misnomer, the survey being more properly evtitied ‘‘the Choco Expeditiou,”’ in contradis- timetion to other similar works. The expedition left the Gulf on the 9h of December, and proceeded up the Atrato and Truando rivers in boats, intending if pusslble to reach ‘the faiis of the Truando betore commencing the actual sur vey, and there establich the first permanent camp and depos of supplies. Afver sacending the former, and for some distance the Iatter , n consequence of the obstructions caused by the fallen trees aiong that part of tne Truando, called by the mativer valisados, it was decided on the 23d of the same menth that the barquetina La Concha, or river boat—used to transport most of the officers, men and their private effects, also provisiocs, camp equipage and instruments, ould rot ascend any higher, and that {t would be impos- sible for ber to reach the falis. A camp was therefore established a short distance above the point she bad reached, it bewmg the firet time the parties had be go off their bosis since leaving the Guif. Tne ground at the point pitched upon seemed to possess some ‘Brmness, and was in fact one of the only hocalities of tho Kind reached as far as the boat wasabi to go. Along the ‘whele distance the banks of both rivers, from the Gulf Bp, possess but little stability, owing tw frequent over- flows, and rcarcely anywaere offer a lirm foothold. ‘This camp, twenty-one and a haif miles below the falls or selios of the Truando, was named Camp Toucey, in Beser of the distinguished head of the Navy Depart mecat. Oa the 26th the Concha was discharged, and started the game day on her return to Cartagena. Oo the 28in | @ommenced the survey of the river Truando. Taewt. Craven started at the same time to ascend it, tmtending to push on as fast as he was able, to move meroes the Country to the Pacific, and there make a hydro- be survey of the coast at the western terminus of the proposed route. Un the 9th of January the last of party left Camp Toucey and moved up to the “Choco” | of “‘Tocome,” three miles and @ half above. time @ distance of six miles below had been serveyed, and our camp moved. In consequence of | having bul one life boat and one canoe at my disposal, and being compelied to employ them both for tae purpose of @arrymg on the work, as well as to transport our effects, wome slight detention was experienced. This section was tedvous and difficult in the eatreme, scarcely averaging a mile per day. The river was full of obstructions from fallen and overhanging trees; also extremely tortuous and Rarrow, owing to the many channels into which the main stream is divided by clusters of small islands; dense «Towtbs of timber line each bank, and heavy cuttings had to be made to be able tw use any of the instruments. rains would also more of rise would hi every ‘These obstacles seriously affected us, as tney survey for two or three days Above To2ome ‘Truando still continued very difficult, as ‘of the ‘Paliaado,” a distance of three iu ray! aie f His L i : i 3 g § F i i zee | ai? | : i g i 5 T t eS ag STESEESEEE Hun fea i le a Liout. Craven had passed the party as he cua, on his way back to the Pacific, hay- y completed hie hydrographical work on that ving the Nercua, the route follows up the Hin-gwdor it where the Indian trail the Nercua to the it intercepts that stream, a distance of about section are two two miles and abalf and the great ge-dor about three miles above its are grand and romantic, and equa! in Deauty to many of those in our own country, the admiration of all lovers of magnificent trail referred to, upon leaving the rises at once upon a high spur of LH Fy is fi z Z bs 4 3 +] = F F i z E Py Hy F az ue fee fF f i i E i 3 T ipeeee Ae tt tes fi | Fo if iz a2 i a = B il Hb i 23 sé gut it z F rogretted that circumstances prevent. ea the further examination of the Paracuchichi and See human with the other portions of juties. '¥ party left the Pacific on the same day. Feached the village of Tambo, or the of the 15th all were back the Truando, On the 17th dian village of Tocome. Saar orien . his wife. The Service; and with the as. rendered was invaluable, Tapidity from point to point oF di » And with perfect took Mr. Campbell and ‘myself, with our er with sextant, chronometer and barome. visions, in their light canoe, F by scant two fest wide, ‘Antonio poling it with and his wife ui it with a aie rom the » both the Troando and Nercua, then led us by 1 acronn the Cordillores to the Pacific and back fgeln, pocking oor provisions the whole distance on their Deck. Then again they descended the Nercus and Tro- ando with us, paesing Over the meet diffioa't and danger- ous of the river, Here the greatest skill and dexterity in the management of the canoe were displayed, without the slightest accident or inconvenience. ‘On the 1 by the aseietance of José Maria, a Choco Indian, who previcasly moved us up to the falis, ail of us were able to continue down the Truando. At noon tho same day we passed Camp Toucey, two miles and afbalf belew tt. A emal! section under Mr. De la Camp again resumed the survey of the lower part of that river. On the 20th the remainder of the reached the village on the Atra‘o, a short distance below the mouths of the Truando and Lucio, Here we would have been considerably apnoyed by the new appearance of the barkquetina 1a Concha had it not been for the opportune arrival of the bupgo Puerto France, from Quibdo, by which I was evabled to despatch them on the ‘23d down the Atrato to the galt, retainwg only two of my assistants, Mecers. Schmidt and Oampbell. The party ua der Mr. De la Camp finished the survey of the lower Truando on the 23d. In the meantime Mr. Sohmiit had mapped the Atrato for a few miles above the mouth of the Truando, and also the Lucio and rivers, for a short distance above their janction with Atrato. A line of level has therefore been run, and a complete topographical survey made, between the Pacific and the village Boco dei Lacio on (he Atrato. Lieutenant Craven, we learned, bai le‘ton his way down on the 7th, On the moral of the ‘th, with a section of my party remaining bebiad, the survey of the Atrato was commenced from the mouth of the Truando; this was o»ntinued from day to til ite complevon on the 8d of March. Upon ‘thas por- tion of the river where it divides invo numerous canons or armes, the survey left the Rio Madre or mo:ber river, where it aseumes the name of Cano Tanna, and followed the Cano Barbucoes as far as the entrance of the Cano Coquito, down the Jatier to ita mouth, where it discharges itself into toe of Darien or Urabe. This latter capo is the one usually taken by the bungos or river boats on- tering and leaving the Atrato. In addition to the survey of the route numerous mo- teorological obrervations have been made by assistant W. H. U. Campbell, and also astronomical determinations by mytelf at the principal points of the route, such as Turbo, junction of the Atrato Honde, Boca del Lucio, Camp pana Tocome, Falls of the Truando, mouth of the Ner- bo, La Plaga on the Pacific, besites tntermediate Valuable botanical collections were mate by Mr. , also many hundreds of specimens of the nataral history of the country were procured by him, assiated by Merers, Campbell ana Wood. Op the evening of the 3d of March we reached the tchooner; on the Sth left again to make some astronomi cal and baromstrical observations at this point, and also copnect them by triangnlations wich the mouth of the Atrato (the Coquito mouth). I now have ths honor to report that he duty assigned me was completed to day, and that |. am pow awaiung the termination of the labors of the party engaged in surveying this galf. Ivatiords me unbounded satisfaction to atate that during the entire time of the absence of both the officers and men of ‘my party in the periormance of their duty connected with this survey, a!) bave enjoyed excelien: health and return in good apirie; bet few have snflered even from the writing complaints to which all persons are more or less subject, even in more favored and more healthy climates. Notwithstanding the much dreaded country described to us, and the many evil foredodings of frients as to our safe return— all of us necessarily og Victims te those slow fevers generated by the pestiferous swamps through which the Atrato flows, or the prey to ferce animals and tho stings of venomous serpenta—we have reached this baven in eafety, after three months of laborious and try- ing duty, delivered from every accident and danger, and not experiencing even the fear of them. A large section of the country to which our labor con- fined us is celebrated for ite constant humidity and incle- mency, and is coustantly inundated by freabets, caused by almost daily rains; very seldom twenty-four hours pass by without the latter. We have been particulariy fortunate in this respect, for according to the best infor- mation we have received , the contrast between the present and pest seasons is strikingly great. During the two weeks at Camp ‘Toncey we suffered from some of the heaviset raits 1 have ever expe. rienced. Since leaving that point up to the present , lime we have been exposed to one brief and heavy thun- Jer storm and some very tew slight sprinkles of rain, in- capable of any appreciable measurement. The weather hag been delghtrul and charming in the extreme; the days almost universally clear and not uncomfortably warm, and the nights always cool and refrestung. The stare generally shone forth beautifully bright during the early part of the evening, favorable for surveys, but late in the night were obscured by pasting clouds. The very falling of the rivers proved great benefit to us; instead of the banks being low and wet, or almost entirely inun- dated, as in ordinary seasons, we found the receding wa- ters had left them expored and dry for several feet. Almost every bend offered some sand it upon which to place our instruments or stand a rod, and relieved the party from the necessity of making clearings at each ets- tion of the survey. The combining circumstances enabled the work to proceed without any detention after leaving Camp Toucey. The whole route across t> the Pacific, the return trip, and the completion of the survey te this Gulf, bae been eilected s day's rest (or the sur- 7 very moans of trangportation furnished, @ party numbe: acreat part of the time twenty two officers and men, their per- sonal effects and provisions, together with heavy instru and valuabie collections of natura! meats, and the large oferta and the akilial management of their alight canoes, would carry us over the moet dangerous portions of the Toute. One life boat was the only real source of help we could call our own, and when compelled to leave it behind at the Falls of the Truando, on our way to the Pacific, our whole reliance was p'aced upon the good will of the In- diane. On the aoe al ae ‘With provisions nearly e: ted, and Litue or no money, personal effects had to be applied to the purchase of ca- noes and to gain their aid in order to expedite matters and yeach some point to replenish the deficiency of supplies. An overruling Providence truly favored us and watched over our every step. Particularly were we blessed with Tegard ty weather. To give an idea of the yery desirable state of the wea ther, the consequent health of the party and the success. ful completion af the Geld labors, I was assured by a well informed gentleman, & resident for the Jast six yoars of Roca del Lucio, that our good fortune waa unprecedented , for had we experienced the usual climate, and been ex poned to the almost dally rains of the country, he would have expected to have heard of the deaths of many of the party and to have soen all who returned at all como back sick. Before clowing I would beg leave to state that | have taken the privilege to easiose to the Hon, Secretary of War a copy of this'letter, incrder to make to him, accord- ing to army regu ations, a report of the progress of the duties asaigned me. Submitting the above to Intype one ae the ho- nor, #ir, to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, ! yee MICHLER, Corps Top. Engineers U.S A., in ebarge of Topographi cai Party of the Atrato Expedition. Army Intelligence. The following orders have just been published from General Beott's headquarters — GENERAL ORDERS—NO. IX. Heapquanters oF THe Ansy, } New Youx, April 22, 1858. j |. Three subaiterns—first lieutenants when bie—from yo Be ge ita, and two from each of the fentry undermen. toned, will be detailed, by the regimental for the recruiting service for the two years commencin, the 30th of June next; and on or before the Lith of month thoee from the mounted regiments will report Lieutenant Colonel Crittenden, mounted riflemen, at Car- lisle barracks, Pa., and those from the artillery and in- fantry to Major Cady, Sixth infantry, at Governor's Island, vir —Virat a) , Second cavalry, mounted riflemen, First, Second and Third artillery: First, Second, ‘ Yourth, Fighth and Ninth infantry. The names of the officers detailed will be sent to the headquarters of the army, the Adjutant General and the Superintendents to whom they are to report. All officers employe on the recruiting service, either on the general or rpecial details, except the two au and the commander of Newport barracks, will be relieved on the 80th of June next, and ordered to join their respective recimenta. Should the services of any of the relieved officers be required to conduct recruits to the ta in which their companies may be serving, the superin. ry the foregoing. the (eneral command- tng the Department of the Pacific will call for a detail from one of the under his command of an officer to relieve, on Oth of June next, the officer now on the recruiting service in San Francisco, and give such orders as may be mecessary to have him relieved accord. Af 4 Captain Del. Floya. Fourth infantry, will to jor Cad: the 50th of June next, to relieve tain William coramanding , Third infantry, ou Governor's Island Ji. In addition to the usual returns and reporta, the following will be made to the headq bs report, in person, of all New York or at the : be ; to ke the General-in-Chief ad address of { wrnen, 3. A monthiy from regimental officers on special duty away from Corpe, except from those at the Military Academy, on the recruiting service and on the eer ™ ee 4. Amon report—accord| form presoribed by paragraphs 179, 180 and 181 Army Reguiations—from oineers Lo on Reco’ ar, nm _* “4 TV, In making combats, aa required by para. gtaph 466 Army lations, officers. will tale th patan to report the names of enlisted men who may have dis. Ungnished themee! vee. ¥. Official communications, addreased to the hoad- uarters of the army, will be endorsed as required by the regulations of 1847,” The endorsement, however be on the first fold. Ry command of Rrevet Lientenant General Scott, IRVIN McDOWELL, Assistant Adjutant General. Mone Teorne —There is another crevasse in the black republican party in Providence, R. 1. An oppesition ticket for mombyre of the Legisiature hag been nomi- nated. THE OVERLAND MAIL ROUTE TO CALIFORNH. Gur Special Correspondence. Fort Caapsovnye, Texas, Fed. 20, 2658. Arrivat at Fort Bekknap— Description of the Route—Ami- cable Disposition of the People—Fort Belknap—Rumored Indian Depredations—Ithe Contemplated Course of the Hupedition—A Road from Et Paso to Fort Yuma—Ar- rival at Fort Chadbourne—The Colonization of the Camanches— How it Progressea—The Texan Svil—Un- usual Fertility Descriplion of Fort Chadbourne—Iron Ore—Probable Success of the Expedition—AU the Party in Good Health, do. , dc. ‘Tho expedition left the Red river om the morning of the Sth of February and reached this point to-day, having made the distance—one hundred and forty-seven milee— in eight days from Gainesvilie, thir.y five miles from the Red river. The train took the ok! military road running through the upper and lower Cross Mmbers. There are no settlements along the road after striking the upper Cross Timbers, a distance of eighty five miles, and the grass not yct being in s suitable condition for grazing pur- ‘Poses, gra'p had to be hauled for tne animi's. ‘The country through whiok the expedition has passed— and which they have thoroughly exanined—is unsur Passed for fine scenery, good soil and bealtby climate With the exception of the Cross Timbers, it is high rolling Prairio, interspersed here and there with groves of tim- ber, which will aflord ampio materialfor fuel and build- img purpowes for @ great length of time. There are streams of excellent water at almost any point on the Toad, and which remain supplied at all seasons of the Year. The soil ie principally s sandy loam, and capabie of producing excellent crops of wheat, rye, ove and all small graing. But this portion of Texas is particularly Sdapted to grazing. It is for the most part ele- vated, dry and healthy, abounding in rich grasees and pure water. It is an extent of country which is destined to be occupied by an intelligent, indus- trious and energetic race of men, not isferior in any re- spect to those who inbabit the old States. Nature has de- signed it for the habitation of our agricultural people. The people all along the route which the expedition has travelled, from St. Louis to this point, are taking the deep- est interest in the enterprise ef successfully carrying ont the project of establishing an overland mail route to Cali- fornia. At Sherman, Greyson county, a large and ontha rinstic meeting of the citizens was held while the expedi- tion was in town, at which resolutions were adopted, pledging the faith of the citizens to build all necessary roads, brijges, &c., running through the county, and to keep them in good repair during the time they would be occupi:d by the company. And the people overywhere have manifested the deepest interest in the successful consummation of the undertaking. And it is no more than right that the people of Texas should do so. This route, ouce established, and the vast area of lands now lying in wastes throughout the State will soon be occupied by set ere, and all the improvements characteristic of the Ame- rican people will be under way. Besides, this route will open a thoroughfare which will afford an outlet to the Texas travel at all seasons of the year. Now, the various routes by which the people of Texas find their way to the North in the summer months is blocked up by the yellow fever. This will be obviated, from the fact that this route will forma connecting link with all the various stage lines running through Texas,and thusafford the Texan planter an opportunity of travelling at atl seasons of the year. And, sgain, the route having ore shat pointe—St. Louis, Missouri, and Memphis, Tennessee —wil offer every facility to the ‘people, both North and South, who desire traveilipg by land to California. There will be ® bountiful supply of all that is essential to the comfort of the traveller and his animals on this route, and good wood, ‘water and grass abound in abundance along the entire ce. Fort Belknap is now almost deserted. This morning two companies of infantry, destined as a portion of the re- ipforcements to the army in Utah, left for Jefferson Bar- racks, St. Louis, under command of Paul. They are to march to Shreeveport, on the river, from whence they are to proceed by water to St. Louis, and re- main in quarters antil about the first of May, when thoy will go out with the remainder of the troops to Salt Lake, There remains at the fort now only a part of a company of cavairy, which bave been detailed from Camp Gooper to take charge Ol ne gereeom fur Gane deiug. Two com panies of ca are eineek tae daily, however, to | ee of garrison. The fort is now temporarily jer the command of Lieutenant Majors, who is perma. | nently stationed at the garrison at San Antonio. A rumor was received here yesterday, to the effect tha’ the entire forces under the command of Col. Alexander had been killed by the Indians and . ‘The rumor came i way of San Antonia. There is very little relianc> placed in it, however, by the officers of the Fort here. Lieutenant |, who left San Antonia several after the messenger that brought the rumor, reports having heard vothing of it. - ‘The country surrounding Belknap possessce all the ne- comsary qualifications for making it one of the most promi. the. Brasoe ‘river, ou beautiful site of" grouna, with e Brazos river, on @ 8 , with scenery of surpassing bene A Mawel! on all sides. Sotiors are My er one ag bo ‘at this time there are some twenty dweil in course of erection. The main stream of the Brazos at this point is about one bundred feet wide, flows over sand and rock bottom, and i# beavily charged with red sed: matter, mak: ‘pg the water brackish and un} le. The of the river is shut in by bluffs about one hundred feet high, by numerous ravines, in many of and these are cut uj of pure cold water. about the Fort, principally Northern Camanches, a tribe | subsists almost entirely upon the ‘flesh of | the buffalo, and are known among other tribes as “‘Buftalo Eaters;’’ and the main portion of them are generally found at their heels, m| with them from place to place upon thove vast and inhospitable plains of the Weet, tho groater portion of which are ii le of salvation soe sosen fostiaes in the future, as in the past, wo we abode of ti let Indian, possessing, as they do, 50 fow attractions ( etvilized man. : expedition will remain here « few days, for the pur- pose of making the necessary inquiries as to the condition of the roads, feed, Ao. It is not decided, as yet, whether | they will take the road leading by way of Fort Chadbourne or the om which leaves it to the left. Ftock in good condition. be able to get through s The expedition left Fort Belknap on the morning of 16th inat., and reached Fort Chadbourne, a distance of one hundred and thirty-three milee,on Monday, the 22d. The country travelled through is that of ‘northern, and eastern Texas designated as ru from the Brarce to the Colorado river, # range of country possessing more diversity of oil and agricultaral region in the State of Texas. ‘About miles from Fort Belknap wo passed the ian Reservation, where rome six hundred 8 tribe of Indians like the Camanches may for the useless expenditare of the public moneys, but it is certainly the most movement ever made by our government. The history and antecedents of the Ca- manche Indians are pregnant with ts against such « ever being carried out whch any degree ot success. life of tht Camanche has always been as free as the boundless plains over which he roams. He never bas known what it was to want for what seemed to him comfort and fux He has all been atinfied with what he could fim him. There have always served him with food, clothing and a covering for bis lodge and and the thoughts of the titles and distinctions of civilized life have never oc- Camanche Indian exhibit aa when mounted. It isa spot where bome, and the skill which he exhibite in nouvres which he makes are perfectly oftentimes throws himeelf entirely upon one side of his horse and discharges his arrows with to age A that muat be seen to be believed. Camanche warrior has bis war horso—the fleetest thathe ean purchase or steal—and he prizes him higher than all the rest of his worldly goods, and could not be atany price. He never mounts when going into battle or when in The ‘he Ini time is occupted ing piaips, and in bavtle and in the chase. is performed by the women—each warrior three to ten wives. soil, and depend entirety for théir subsistence upon what game they can kill and such provisions a the; can steal, The be te , wi the exception of a cooking utensils and their wardrobes—made entirely from the skins of the deer and buffalo—consista in horeee and mules, ‘mortly pillaged from the Mexicans and from the emigrants who have crossed the plains within the past few years. Many of the most successful horse thieves own as many as two and three bundred animals, The Indian who ie himself the most succosefuil horse thief is the most ighly honored by his companions. They are the most arrogant freebooters that can be found npom the face of the globe, These are a few of the charactoristion of the Ca, manche Indian, and the idea of colonizing, feling and at. tempting to civilize them is preposterous. For reasons foanded in the nature of bla race, it. would be more than a erculean task to accomplish it, Ther natural inetincts | APRIL 9 2), are adverse to civilization. ‘fe carry ont the natare of Lie race, he must range over the moun/ains and plains, moss espers, ‘able to on travel his horse, to atrip hie own wardrobe from the backs of the deer and buffalo, and to feed upon their rich loins; he must always be able to bis enemy with his own hand; he mi at be parmit- t© pounce upon the solitary herdsman aud steal bis drove without fear of bemg punished, and to commit all other depredations that may suspeet themselves to tha mind, or be is no longer aCamacche Indian. It may be well for our orators to eulogizs the “ poor ladian,”” aad papi ond to sing thelr songs of ‘ Hiawatha.”? But for it moch of the finest literature that adorns our hbraries would be lost Of the six hundred now excamped at the village on th> Cocper Reservation some three hundred are men. They do no work whatever, and wi!) not cultivate the soil. They Jook upon the tillage of the soil as work fit only for slaves, end depend upon the rations dealt out to by the officers of the government for their substatence. Parties of these Indians often go out from the encampment under ibeuestence of going ca ® bunting expedition, whea the ostensible purpose of their hunt is in search of pluader that they may steal; and they have recently been stesl- ing horses apd mules fom the settiers In the vicinity of Seow end ron them off to the Witebite mountaine and T 9 returning without other ‘gamo,?’ unless they sbould be wo fortunate as to stumble ty satelope or deer, Thus millions of dollars wonney © sevcally, expended in stall feeding 8 clasa of beings whoee ony delight ia to steal, and whose Apjories most be tor by blood. j@ appearance of the soil from Fort Cbaddourne bears every evidence of possessi agricultural wealth. It extends ver again pat, and several beautiful ranges of Ag abondance of good water is everywhere to be found on the ronte, apd lime and sand stone quarries are abundant. There isa of timber for building purposes, but Abia deficiency fe made up from the large amount of excl Jent stone which can be obtained from the quarries. Con- siderable quantities of mosquito timber is scattered over the plains, which makes excellent fuel, and great foresta of post oak timber abourd nearly the whole distance the road, atfrom one to four miles. Thie will serve for Rees Ura, Ge Coie We as pe RUS cases of nece: y. ‘The soll in Northern and Western Texas is well adapted to the cultivation of a!] the smaller such as wheat, oats, rye, Darley, &c., but is lated for cora, _ toes and heavy crops. It is strange that the people here bave not turned their attention more to the raising of tne 8 than to bo constantly trying the experi- ment (for such it is), of raisingcorn. The great waat of rain during the summer season renders the cultivation of this crop almost impracticable. The principal use made of corn is for the feeding of stock , and it is we!l known that oats are far proferabie, good sheaf oats furnishing both feed and forage. The great obstacle im the raising of corn—want of Tain— would have little or no effect apon oats, astbe crop would be too far advanced before ef- fects of the drought oou'd be felt to any great extent. Fort Chadbourne, situated on the northern frontier of ‘Texas, was established in 1852. According tothe surveys of Capt. Gray it is in latitude 32 degrees, 1 minute and 40 seconds, and longitade very nearly 100 de, and 6 mi nutes. ‘The tort is under the command of King, who is now absent attending as one of the offisers of a Court Martial at San Antonio. The temporary command of the fort is devolved pen Lieat. Reynolds, who, together with Lieut. b rendered every ‘assistance im his er Calculated to further the objects of the Overland Expedition. Two companies of tho first infantry— I and Fare stationed here for the protection o” the garrison and the settlers. There is no necessity for so large a force, as no depredations have been com- mitted by the Indians in the vicinity of the fort for months. In fact, not an Indian has been sen in the pre cincts of the garrison for over a year. About all that is required of troops is to cat bread and meat and sinoke and sleep, for all of which occupations they are abun dantly qualified. The climate in the vicinity of the fort, notwithstan tiog yee varied changes, is one of the most healthy inthe Union. Sickness is an occurrence which rarely gy oy among either the settlers or troops. climate may be said to extend for several hundred miles the eastern borders of the State. The air is Perfectly a a ate, ©) eon fe teak a eg te = days of summer a anele. ‘vation of Teatvussared fous chore tae earths wilt become dry and hard before decomposition will take place. is between Fort Be! and this point large, and to all appearances inexhaustible beds of iron, | saw several specimens which were fully equal to the best iron ore taken from the mines of Pennsylvania. It is also ig coal and other minoral dcposite abound in ‘Tho more I see of the country through Texes the more I am impressed with the great and lasting advantagos which will be derived from the ostablishment of «mail route and a line of stages running from the valley of the Miesissippi to the Rio Grande. The only way that tne northern and eastern portion of Texas can be brought bs- fore the favorable consideration of the public, and its po ay ee ad exhibited, is to make ‘of the ‘witeuat Denng ook to go by the way of New ‘aud the Galf, which is almost invariably closed against travel at the season of the year wheu the climate and the inclination of the emi- would lead him to travel. Uniees this or some other thoroughfare fs established this obstacle will forever prevent a dense lation from being spreal over this country. It wil picture in which many richly glow ing parts may be asen, but will remain the abode of the = and range of the deer, the antelope and the a ° The expedition will leave here to-day, proceeding as direct as tical to Fort Fillmore, near E! Paso, on thé Rio Grande. It is expected that it will oconoy rome twenty-five to accomplish the distance.. It is the intention to travel through a range of oaks never pA explored, running west of the route explored hg 9 iarcy, and cast of the surveys of Capt. Gray Southern —_ ent Ba ner f . be due west ‘travelling by compass) to justang Springs. It ia be- ffeved that a touch nearer route can be found from this it to the Rio Grande than either of the routes which ve been previously explored. The members of the expedition—the sreater of whom are New Yorkers—are al! in excellent health, ‘ L iy eight hundred miles—has been accomplished in forty day:, lasa time than ever a train passed over the route before, aud the stock is in equally as oo condition as when they left Missouri. An escort has. detailed from this post to accompany the expedition to Fort Fillmore. New Publications. HOOKS RECEIVED TO APRIL 24. History of the Express Companies and the Origta of American Railroads. Fermented Liquors, by Dr. Feuchtwanger. Old New York, by Dr. Francia. ‘The Quaker Soldier, or the British in Philadelphia Rome: its Churches, ite Charities, and its Schools La France ou 1) Angleterre, PERIODICALS. Harpers for May. History oF tie Express Onion OF AmeRiCaNn Rartroaps. Stimson. The history of the exproes companies is, to a certain ex tent, the history of American progress. Before the estab. liebment of railroad and telegraph lines the express com panies were the principal agents of communication. It is but right that men like Mr. Harnden should receive the full meed of credit which their energy entities them to. Mr. Btimeon’s work is but th» « ! compliment of their exertions, and we welcome \: ae an historical record alike creditable to the creators of the express linos as to Ameri- can enterprise generally. OLp New York, on Rexrniscences or Tar Past Sixty Years. By Jno. W. Francis, M.D., L. L. D. Jn spirit and treatment this is literally the work of an old Knickerbocker. The venerable writer views things through @ medium which is entirely inconsistent with eur mcdern notions. His opinions are nevertheless interesting, as representing phases of our domestic and political his tory which we should otherwise have but an imperiect acquaintance with. Weare afraid, however, that Young America will take exception to many of the positions advanced in this volume, They belong to another age and class of ideas than those for which they are written. It is therefore probable that, amusing as is this work, it Will nob attain any very gromt degree of popularity with our reading public. FeawenteD Ligvors. By Dr. Lewis Fouchtwanger. Science employed as Dr. Feuchtwanger uses it, is = curse instead of @ benefit. The falsification of liquors is one of the groatest injuries that can be inflicted on the community, and the object of this treatise is to show how that injury can be affected with the least possible chance of detection. With such a purpose, it is not to be expected that we should reconimend this work to the attention of oar readers, Rowe: irs CHURCHES, Irs CHARITIES AND Ir Scnoous. By the Rev. W. 1. Melligan. James B. Kirker, 371 Broadway. This, although @ Catholic work, will be road with in- terest by all classes of sectariang. It is written im a spirit of extreme liberality, and prosenta the institutions and government of Rome under an aspect which is foreign to the views generally taken of thom. AKER SOLDIER, OR ‘1: Patt peLraia. J. B. Peterson Eieon. cisbias A story of considerable interest, but mporfectly worked out. The writer has shown judgment in the selection of his subject, but he evinces want of skill in the manner in which he has treated it, A little more experience would have enabled him to make an effective story out of the materials which he had in hand. COMPANIES AND THE By A. L. Tue Waxnmnne Wittc.—Parson Brownlow lately, in ® apecoh at Montgomery, Alabama, said that “he was ® Whig, bad always been a whig, and would rather now voto for the suit of clothes last worn by Henry Cay, staffed with straw, than for any of the whining, cringing party demagogues of the present day.’ Te Revolution im Venezaela. We bave recervod a number of flying sheets, all relating to the revolution now golug on in Veaeznela, which are is- sued for the purpose of exposing o the Venezuelan public the various acts of peculation ant tyranny auributed to the Monagas family, Of these we publish the following, as presenting a curious account aid before the Venezuelan people:— THE CANNON SHOT, NUMBER I. Let the poor people of Venezuela hore behold how they bave been robbed withia the hart few years. The folowing oreatures of the Monagas administrations, and by the con. tractors to whom they have given jobs. We intend to fol- Jow up these calculations, and the Venezuelan nation will be perfectly astounded when tt comes to sve bow it has been roobed apd plundered by these vile mandarins.— LIST OF ‘THE ROBRERA AND OF THE SUMS SVOLEN BY THEM. General Jose Tadeo Monagas and his wife 000 000 ‘their son-in-law, John Giuseppi.. , Another sun in-law, Francie Oriack 200,000 The sons of General Tadeo... General Jose Gregorio Monagas a sone * the above Jose Gregorio, 1 page, Cipriapi...... +. +. Generai Jose Gerardo i Consequently the family of Monagas bas plun. 1 dered the country to the amount of, ‘The Miiator, P. C. Gettinean. 800,000 The Pio Ceballos 400,000 The Minister, Bimon Pian 600,000 The Minister, Jacinto Gutie 100,000 ‘The Minister, J del C. Vetancou: 160,000 Jews, Pardo & Oo. 2,800,000 7200 000 600,000 400,000 200,009 ‘The contracter, Diego Antonio Alcala. The contractor, Diegu Bahsta Barrios The ', Jean Batiste Vide! The coptractor, Hernandey. de Noy: The contractors, Andres Caballero and nep! The Administrator, Manuel M. Aurrecoechea.... The Administrator, Frederick Uzlar The Administrator, Jose Antonie Nia: The Ambassador, Lucio Pulido. The favorite, Carloe Uzcategui. Th write, Jove de Jesus Pineda. rite, Romulo Guardia orite, Rafael Urdaneta. The favorite, Philip Lapavabal (exclusive of the bribes received by him),............ see Collector of the Qty Taxes, Jose KR. Villasmil The stockbroker, Jose de la C. Aceda . The brokers, Poots 328 3 g38e382588S2 58288232 3 8 52 E stest = s Perucho Simonobia, 3000 Casanova Brothers 200,000 ‘Ibe contractor, Phillip Jimenez 100,009 Iubarep Brot . 200,000 The accountant, Nicolas Martines ..... i 000 ‘The commancer of the section, Stauisiaus Biasce. 159,000 Several meaner and smaller thieves,; whose Dames We Omit... .. oe eee eee cee sees. 200,000 Note 1,.—We =— the memory of Diego Cavallero, Ricardo, Blasco and Peter Ubregon. May God preserve them in heaven. Nole2.—We have not inserted inthe above list cer tain persons who have also bada share in the plunder, on account of their having subseqventiy rendered impor- tant services to the revolution which has overthrown the robber Note 8.—The first note refers to amount above a million, ‘and the second to what would amount to much more. THE OPPRESSED PROPLE. The others consist of similar tirades and denuncia tions against the falien dynasty. In one of these sheets we find a call for the trial, one by one, of eash member of the family. The same paper says that of all the acts of the detestable administration of the Monagas, there is one only which deserves praise instead of condemnation, and that is the abolition of alavery, which it appears was effect- ed in Venezuela by the Monagas government. But the Same paper asserts that the praise of this abolition is in no way due to the Monagases, but was the reault of the insu- perable power and force of public opinion. The other sheets contain hymns and songs of liberty, of the samo character as that fervent hymn which lately appeared in our columns, calling she people of Venezucla to arms. Others have various captions, such as ‘ Tyrant, Tremble, ‘being & poetical address to Monagas plendid Triumph giving an secount of the successful progreas of the revo- tution; To the People,” “To the Nation,” being patri- otic addrerses denouncing Monagas, &-., kc City Intelligence. Siannive ArrRay ty a Grockny Srore.—Three men, named Hugh MoGovern, Patrick and John Kilroy, be- came engaged in a quarrel in the grocery store of William Grabam, corver of Bethune and Washington atrects, on Friday night, when McGovern, it is allogod, made a dex porate assault upon the Kilroys with a clasp knife, and wounded them severely. The accused was taken into custody by the Ninth precinct polices and committed for examination. Ax Oty Revouenioxary Hxmo.—Thore is now in this city, stopping at Tammany Hal!,an old Revolutionary soldier, named James McDonough, who was one of Wash- iwgton’s body guard. Mr. McDonough bas just entered iis 112th year, and still looks hale enough tw live ten ears at least. Jie was in the cavalry at the battle of ywpens, where be lost his left eye. old man was born in Scotland, and itves on a pension from the government in Canandaigua. He ha: been twice mar ried, and his children, grand children and great grand children oumber over'a hundred. He hat © son living $2 years of age. The old hero is fond of fighting his bat ues over again, and can go through the cavalry manual with great ease. Drat OF 8X ALDERMAN Detamaran.—Samuel Delamater ex-Allerman of the Sixteenth ward, ‘lied on Friday morn- ing of y his residence in Twenty third atreot. Alderman was formerly & whig in politica, but more recently a republican. Hie business was that of a builder. He leaves a wife and family ‘Te Late Acciomet on nie Hupsox Riven Raraoan, Coroner Hille held an inquest on Friday at the Twenty second precinct station house, upon the body of John Wal ford, the cbild who was run over and killed on the Hudson River Railroad on Thursday afternoon. The cars, it ap peare, were not running faster than usual: but inasmuch ‘a6 the engineer and fireman did not see the boy until the train had passed over his body, the jury thought proper to render & verdict consuring them tor their carclesaness in not keeping a Proper look out. The following is a copy of the verdict." the deceased, John Walford. came to his death by injuries received by being run over by the cars of the Hudson River Railroad Company, on the 221 of April, 1868, in Eleventh avenue, near jorty.cighth street, ‘And further, that there was ‘culpable neglect oo the part of the engineer and fireman in not keeping « Proper look out to avoid such accidents.’ The deceased resided with his parents in Eleventh avenue, within a few yards of the spot where the accident occurred. Pickin Pockets ar Tix Oranst Mewrivc.--W illiam Hen- derson, « resilient of 269 Mulberry street, was taken inte custody on Thursday night by detective policeman Roach, on a charge of stealing a gold watch and chain, valued at eighty dollars, from Mr. Hooper ©. Prouty, who was at tending the Orsini meeting in the Park at the time of the theft. The priscner was identified by a gentioman pamed Blatchford as a person who had picked several pockets during the course of the Mey 7 Justice Osborne com mitted the accused for trial in default of bail Svrrosen Rowuery.—Two suspicious looking fellows called at the grocery store of Honry Feste, No, 107 Hoster street, on Thursday night, and entrusted the proprietor of the place with the custody of a carpet ong. The matter came to the knowledge of policemen Bamatead and Weld, : of the Tenth precinct, who upon examining the bag found that {t contained a lot of silk vest patterns, two of fringe, cighieee yards of motre antique, and seventeen dinner knives. A portion of the property bore the name of “Gautry, Freeman & Co." An owner is wanted for the Property. Inquire at the Teath precinct station house. Larct. Govomn!. ManManck® Revves iv Trovare Acar. John W. McAlpine, alias |icut Colonel Marmaduke Reeves, isin the Tombs again. The Colonel was surrencered by his Bail yesterday in a case of conspiracy, and was com mitted to the city prison to await his trial CAPTURE OF AN ALisuxD Riven Tiuxy.—The Harbor po- lice of boat No. 1 arrosted gn alloged river thief named O'Brien, on Friday morning, on a charge of having stolen 8 quantity of ropes, blocks, &¢., from a schooner lying at plor No. 3 Kast river, on the night previous. Horevi. Younes —Four boys, varying in age from 19 to 16 years, named Jamos Carroll, W. F. Smith, Henry Dyer and James Sullivan were taken into custody by polics- men Bruler and Hoyt, of the Tenth precinct, on a charge of picking pockota in the Bowery ani Grand street. The prisoners were locked up for examination, A Drowsnn Max Ionvtieta.—The body of the unknown man found in the water at the foot of Grand street, on Thursday, proves to be that of a sailor named Thadeus Kinsley, who bad been missing from his home for five weeks. The body of deceased was conveyed to his late residence, No. 163 Monroe street. Ax ALigoRn Disonpenry Hover Broxey U made a descent upen the premises No. 312 on Friday night and arrested all the inmates on charge of being disorderly characters. The prisovers wore con: veyed before Justice Brennan and heid for examination Fatar Verncu Casvarty.— Edward Hannegan, @ boy 6 sold, was killed on Thursday afternoon, by being ran over by a horse and cart, at the corver of Third ave nue and Twenty-third street. The body was conveyed to No. 270 Third avenue, the residence of doceased’s parents, where Coroner Connery held an injuest yesterday ‘Tae Crry Horse Guanns will have a street parade, dis mounted, on Tuesday, April 27. The troop will go through the broadaword exercise, cute an pointe combined, finiehing with the attack and defence, in front of Wash ington’s monument at Uniou square, at balf past 9 o'clock. PRICE TWO CENTS. Religious Intelligence. CITY CHURCHES. The Rev. Samuel Reswick will preach to day in the New Jerasalem church in Eleventh street, between Third and Fouth avenues. The Kev. Dr. Sawyer, pastor of the Orchard stroet Universalist church, will preach this morning and evening. Divine service will be held as usual this morning and Afternoon in the North Dutch ehureh, corner of William and Fulton streets. The Rev. G. T. Bedell, rector of the Charob of the A- Cension, wil preach this evenipg in the Memorial church, corner of Hammond street and Waverley place. Professor George Bush, of the New Jerusalem chureb, will deliver @ dissouree before the Brooklyn Society thig morning, at the Athenmam, on the northwest corner of Atlantic and Clinton streets, Tn the John street First Methodist Episcopal eharch there will be preaching this morning and evening by the pastor, the Rey. Charles E. Harris, Rey. Sydney A. Corey wili preach as neaal this morn- ing and evening, in the Fifth Avenue Baptist church. Divine service will be beld thie morning and evening in the Protestant Episcopal Mission church, in charge of Rev. Robert G. Dickson, in Clinton Hall, Astor place. The Rey. Dr. MoMenamy and missionary friends wilt consider the Romish mistakes regarding the faith of St. Patrick, the Protestant Apostle of Ireland, in Spring strecs Hall, 186 Spring street, this evening. At the Catholic church of St. Francis Seraph, tn Thirty- first street, this morning, nearly one hundred children Will be solemnly admitted to their frat holy communion, and in the afternoon the most Rev. Archbishop Hughes will administer the holy sacrament of confirmation to about 260 persons, Rev. Frederick Monod, Protestant Minister in Paris, will preach for the last time before his de; for Sbis morning, in the church corner of Grand ani Oroaby streets. MAY ANNIVERSARIES. Suspay Scnoor Usion —fue forty second anniversary of the New York Sunday Schooi Union will be held om Tues day, May 11. Amnnican Tract Soctery.—The next anniversary of this society will inke place on the 12th of May. Amencan Anoirnon Socrery.—The Amerixan Abolition Seciety will hoid its next anniversary meeting im Dr. Cheever's church, Union square, New York, on Thuraday, May 13, at 236 P.M. Ampnican Anti StAavery Socrery.—The twenty @fth an- nual meeting of the American Anti-Slavery Society will be beld in Mozart Hall, 6¢% Broadway, on the Lith and 12th of May, commencing at 10 o'clock A. M. ‘AL Srmivany.—Phe aoniver: of the Seminary will be beld on Monday evening, May 10, at 73, o'clock, in the Mercer atrect charch, Rrrommen Deron Cnvren Samrat Scxoor Usiox.—The nineteenth anniversary of the General Synod’s Sabbath School Union of the Protestant Reformed Datch church will be celebrated on Wednesday, May 25, at 3 0 clock. Sanat ScHoor Mistion any AssoctaTions —The anniver- sary of the Sabbath Schoo! Miss! Arroctasions of the Fourth avenue Presbyterian charch will be held next Sunday evening, April 26, at 73, o'clock. Young Mrn’s ASsoclATION.—The first annual meeting of the Young Men’s Association of the Middle Reformed Dutch church will be held im the lecture room of that church on Thursday evening, April 29, at 74; o’clook. Youna Men's Carumiay Oxion.—The Young Obristian ala of Wee Tesh Uae Seterinased to bold an anniversary, commencing on Thursday, May 13. ORDINATIONS. fase SLE ves erbelben teen ak Congragetona 4 clase was 01 pastor the church in Malden, Mass., April 7. Mr. E. H. Pratt was ordained as an Ev: a East Woodstook, Coun., March 16, et Mr. Edwin Dimmock, recently tutor in Amherst College, ‘was ordained as pastor of the Congregatioaal church at Orange, Mass., on the 14th inst, INVITATIONS. Rev. Mr Mattison, of Syrasuee, has concluded ‘o acoept the call to preach for an Independent Mothodiat congrega- tion in New York. George 8. Hapworth has received and ace) an invi- tation to become the pastor of the Church ie Usity (Unitarian), recently formed at the South Had, Boston. narcenion at Weel Newton, Pastor tha iat tos eae congrey at West Nev the laa has recelved and ‘Accepted 'h call to Indians, Yodan county, Mr. W. 1. Mitchel ia called to the pastorate of the First Presbyterian church, Burlington, lowa. ‘The Church yceryre Ind, reg oan & unan!mous call to the Rey. David Monfort, pastor of Knightstown and Greenfeld, to become their pastor. Rev. A. H. Fletcher, of Pontiac, Mich., haa call trom the Congregational church of O ozo, Rev. C. H. Taylor, of Haron City, Ohio, has call from the become their pastor. INSTALLATIONS. The Rev. J. J. Twiss was installed, on the Zist inst., as recetved = Mich. " accepted a Presbyteriaa church of Alton, 1U., to pastor of the Universalist church in New Bedford, Mara ‘The Rev. Mr. Chapin, of New York, the sermon. Rev. B. L. Swan was installed pastor of Congregational church, Bridgeport, Ooka, oa tha ahet tan INVITATION DECLINED. The Rov. H. L.. E. Pratt, ot St. Mary's church, Oatieton, Staten Island, has declined the cail to St. John’s church” Portsmouth, N. H. RESIGNATIONS. The continued ill health of Rev. T. A. Slarkey has in- duced him to resiga the rectorabip of St. Paal's church im ¥. Rev. Dr, Rarrett, after @ settlement of thirty-three years over the Tweifth Congregational church in Boston, bas resigned, but the society intand en; a upon whom the more arduous daties of we pulpit al evolve, The Unitarian Society at Jamaica Plains, Mase., have received the resignation of their pastor, Rey, Grindall Reynolds. NEW CHURCHES. A large portable tent chursh is being built in Philadel- phia, which will be dedicated to divine service on the lst of May, on the lot adjoining the Academy of Music, and then, from time to time, be removed to a: of the city. The enterprise i# in the hands of the Y: Men's Christian Association, which has appointed ‘Rev M. Loug general superintendent of the “Unioa febersa cle,’’ 4s the tent church is to be called. The dedication services of the Fifth tt cburch, in Newark, N. J., took place on the 2ist inst. sermon Was preacher! by Rey. Dr. Dowling, of New York, and the evening discourse by Rev. A Kingman Not, pas” tor of the First Baptist chareh, York. ‘The Seeond Adventista In Hast Boston have commenced the erection of a new chapel. The services at the dedication of the new Methodist Fptoopal church in Charleston, 8. C., took place on the Isth inst On the 18th inst. the corner stone of « new Catholic church was lad, with appropriate ceremonies, ata site on Jobn's Hil, near Cipcionati. The pastor of 8. Bridgett's church in Buffalo is pegotia- Ung for another site for a now parochial church. -\ Copgrogational church has been organized at Leaven- worth, Kansas, under Rev. R.D. Parker, with 30 members. A club of infidel in Andover Colloge cently inated club of infidels in Ans er re © discussion as to the authenticity of the Tible, and re- sult of their investigations was five of them were led to believe in the word of Christ and become his follow era. A gentleman from Ohio lately stated that by adding bis Personal observations to thove of a friend, he could say, (hat from Omaha City, Nebraska, to Washington, there was a line of prayer meetings along the whole le of the road, so that wherever ® Christian traveller wo spend the evening be could find s crowded prayer meet- ing acrcaa the entire breadth of our vast republic. The convention com of the Eptsoopal clergy and s lay delegate from ‘on the Eastern abore, met in Cambridge on the I inet. to ascertain the sense of the church aa to the propriety of 4 divieion of the diocess of Maryiana. The Rev. 6. W. Fisse, of Salisbury, Md., wa discon- tinned last week from the Philadephia Methodist Epeso = Conference, at his own request, he having joined the Protestant kpiscopal church. , of New Bedford, whilst retarn- last week, sang the popular revival hyma * in tull chorus. There has been a difficulty in the Orthodox tonal church at Marbiel , Mase, of which aie, Somer of South Jy _ pastor. resulted in a division in Dy wo holding services in Lyooum Hall, where different bave cfticiated. A new church will probably be Laat Sonday Mies Mary Ann Magarr, of Auburn, ceived the white veil of the Sisters of Merc: hands of Bishop Timon, at St. Bridge t's cl , Buffalo. Rev. FW. Cook bas been dismissed from the pastorate of the Congregational church as Haydenville, Maas. Rev. John Lyon, about 33 years old, and of good attain ments, being @ teacher in the high school at Kirkwood, Missouri, bas become insane from intense religious exer clsen, fasting and prayer, and is now an inmate of the aay. lem at Fulton. The appointment of the Rev. Mr. Gainer to the charge of St, Patrict’s (Oatholic) church in New London, Cona., is ® Permarent and nota temporary one, He takes the piaee of Father Ryan, the late pastor, who now has no connec. tion with that church. Within the last twenty-two years the in the United States have made a clear gain of 6,566 churches, 4,224 ministers, and 60.639 members, being an annual in- crease of 335 churches, 192 ministers, and 26, mem- bers. The increase for the last ten ~~ has mock greater in the Southern than in the Northero States—the Rroatest increase having been im Virginia, Alabama and Missouri .— Aa soon ag the Kan. ¢ Amin Be: A will pro tment Avotner Qunenos to eas difficulty is disposed of t bably come up for Mual adja