The New York Herald Newspaper, January 9, 1858, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GOKDON BENNETT, EDITOL AND PROPRIETOR. errice N. w. < AND NASSAU STS. TERNS. cosh ERE DAILY BERAT THE WEEKLY HE! cont: per copy, $F per annum. Saturday, at wx ants per errs, oF BS per annum; the Bu ‘edition, G4 per annum @ any port or Great Britain, or BS (0 any part of the Continent, ous W bneiude : THE FAM Broadwes—Afernoon and asnic, MENAGEGLAL AND ELB- NIBLO"! Beoadway—Afternoon, Poxco —Tiant Bore F; hae pe Roo. Becuiug., Tot Bore KvOuw- y foxe—Gorpes Goo—Crowors, WERY THE. Bor Afternoon; Critous Prr- =o - Toke, Rycuug, Povsax—Graxaseg Fats Froarive Baacon—Zc1i0r's Reveron. BURTON'S THEATRE. Broad) Taxino BY Bronw—COLUMBUS BL CLatres—ANoRis ano Looirens. , opposite Bond street— Yi BRSTRR—PATTER VS. WALLAOK’S THEATRE, Brosiway—Anxx Bisce— Barvowes in Inpta LAURA KEENE'S THEATRE, Broadway—An Unzquar Marcu—Hariaguis Bure Busan. RARNUM’'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway—Afiernoon sod Eveming : VaLentise Np Omsox. WOOD'S BUIDINGS, 861 and S63 Broadway—GzoncE Ouassrr & Woon's Minstaris—New Year Caris. MECHANIC'S HALL, 472 Broadway—Barant's Mixstrews —Eraiorux Sonas—Goien Kinepom. MOZART HALL, 663 Brosdway—Mas, Fanny Kewsur ‘Wits Baap Hamer. APOLLO ROOMS, Broadway—Tue Boonm CumpRey ix AonNes PROM Macs¥ta, Honny Moon, Ac. BROOKLYN ATIL a NAKUM, Atlantic streei—-Granp Sa- Oren ORaror RSSIAR. fhe New York Herald—Edition for Europe. ‘The mail stenmship Arago, Capt. Lines, will leave this port to day, for Southampton and Havre. ‘The Furopean mails will close in this city at half past ten o’clook this morning. ‘The European edition of the Hxnzp, printed in French aad English, will be published at ten o’cleck in the morn. Ing. Single copies, in wrappers, six cents. Subscriptions and advertisoments Cor any edition of the New Yous Hara will be roceived at tho following places ia Kurope:— ‘Lempes.. ..Samson Low, Son & Co. 47 Lndgate hill. ‘Am.-Furopean Express (o.,61 King William st .- European Express Co. ,8 Place de la Bourse. Co., 9 Chapei street. street, Fast. Express Co., 21 Rue Corneilie. ‘The contents of the European edition of the Hxnato wil eombine the news received by mail and telegraph at the @@ice during the previous week and up to the hour of pub- loation. ereasceererers ales Average Dally Circulation of the New York Herald for Each Month in the Years 1855, 1856 and 1857, with the Highest Day's Issuc in Each Month, 1866. 0 0 0 £161,200 71760 60,000 60,000 58,780 59,760 - 60,000 56,830 60,486 62,760 61,080 60,240 September October 18 November 5. 80 January 2... February 15 20 10 048 60 September 18 ; October 15.... November 4.. - 70,800 Yearly average.... Increase of 1856 over 186 = 1857 over 1% be 1857 over 1855 The above is exclusive of the Sunday Herald, California Herald, Weekly Herald, and Burepean Hersld& Family Herald. The News. The steamship Africa, which left Liverpool on the 261 ult., is now doe at this port, with three days Ister news from Furope. She will also bring later intelligence from India and Chins. We have accounts from the Utah military expe- dition to the 2uth of November. At that time the entire force, tacluding Coloncl Cook's command, had reached Fort Bridger. The Mormons had burned all the grass, and the animals of the expe- dition were dying at the rate of one hundred a day. Fort Bridger is at the entrance of the passes to Salt Lake City, and it is reported that the Mormons ‘wore fortifying these passes against the advance of the government troops. The report of the battle of the Mormons with Colonel Cook's command i+ en tirely devoid of trath. Donnelly, the murderer of Moses at the Sea View House, last summer, was lung in the jail yard at Preebold, N.J., yesterday. Before thyvexecution he delivered # very remarkable speech to the speb> tators, stoutly protesting his innocence fand boldly charging the commission of the crime, for which he forfeited his life, to one of the +chief wit- newses agninst him at his trial. He occupied some two hours in delivering hie address, and was finally forced to desist from speak ing by the interposition of the Sherif! Don nelly’s case is one of peculiar Q@@erest. The ciroum- stances of the murder, the interest manifested in his behalf by influential parties in various parts of the country, his daring but unsuccessful attempt to escape and the closing scenes of his career are some what startling. Donnelly evidently desired to make his exit with effect. A full report is given else where. Another bloody affray occurred in the Fourth ward on Theteday night, in which one person was shot and another dangerously wounded. It seems fan altercation occurred between Michael Wogan dr., and Edward Kennedy, during the course o which the former shot the latter. A crowd soon gathered, when another shot was fired, which took effect in the side of a lad named Michael Cassidy, ‘who was standing by, but taking no part in the fight. Cassidy died shortly after he was shot, but Kennedy {e still living. Wogan, the alleged homickle, was bot « short time since tried for arson, but judgment w« suspended in his case in view of some doubt as to bh: criminality. © forty-third anniversary of the battle of New ©» cons was celebrated by a ball and supper at Tam ny Hall last night. There was a large attendance ©! deral, Btate antl city office holderty amd epeeches we made by John Van Boren, Captate Rywders, General Ward B. Burnett, W. 0. Wright, late State Gomptrofler, and others. The celebration was quite 20 080 | a success, 88 will be acen by the report of the pro- | own people must infinitely surpass it; however ceedings elsewhere. Another interesting chapter on the filibuster ques: tion may apn in to-day’s paper. It comprises a letter from General Henningseu, some account of Walker's men at Norfolk, and the conduct of Capt. Chatard, of the Saratoga, together with the proceed- ings of filibuster sympathy and indignation meetings at New Orleans and Mobile. The meeting at New Orleans was rather a tame affair in point of numbers and enthusiasm; but the resolutions adopted are brimful of de- nunciation of the course of Com. Paulding and the administration. The Mobile gathering is described ae an “immense. assemblage”—“an imposing and earnest dem: ‘lon of the popular feeling of the South in condemnation of the late action of our navai forces in Nicaragua,” &c., &c. The resolutions of the New Orlcans meeting were endorsed, with a declaration that in the event of the failure of the government to restore Walker and his companions to Punta Arenas, they (the meeting) will withdraw from the support of the administration; and, more” over, that they regard any man as unworthy of sup- port for office who hesitates to condemn the govern- ment for such failure. The Indiana democratic State Convention for the nomination of candidates for State officers was held yesterday. The friendsof Judge Douglas took ex- ceptions to some of the sentiments contained in the resolutions endorsing the administration, and a division in the ranks,of the democracy in Indiana is expected in consequence, ‘The majority of the House of Representatives of Maryland yesterday refused to receive the annua! message of Gov. Ligon, because that fanctionary had indulged in animadversions upon the Knew Nothings, and charged that the Baltimore delegates obtained their seats by fraud and violence. The newly elected Recorder, Mr. Barnard, entered upon the duties of his office at the Court of General Sessions yesterday. Thg first case brought before him was a notice for a bench warrant for the arrest of Michael Wogan, who was convicted of arson some time since, but permitted to go at large on condition that he would behave himself. The warrant was granted. Wogan is the man charged with shooting Cassiday and Kennedy in the Fourth ward on Thurs- day night. George E. Parmalee, indicted for steal- ing goods from a store in Warren street, surrendered himself, and was committed to prison. Emma Hill, a passer of counterfeit money, was vent to the Peni- tentiary for two years. Sarah E. Hall was sent to the State prison for two years and three months tor attempting to commit grand larceny. Robert White, a burglar, was sentenced to Sing Sing fora term of four years aud nine months. Judge Russell occupied a seat on the bench during the proceedings. Additional advices from Ponce, Porto Rico, to the 3d of December, state that the latest excitement there was produced by the presence of the pianist Gottschalk, accompanied by Signora Ade! Patti. Four concerts had already been given, and all were well attended. The people were about to present a costly testimonial of their admiration to Gottschalk. Advices from Campeachy, Yucatan, to the 20th ult. state that the war had made but little progress since last accounts. Hostilities were suspended on the 16th, when commissioners from the govern- ment party proffered terms of peace; but they | were unhesitatingly rejected by the revolutionists, | and the war will probably continue until one or | both parties exhaust their strength. We have Tampico dates to the 26th ult. The j news of Comonfort's coup d'état at the capital bad i been received, but caused no commotion whatever, and the new order of affairs was quietly acqui- esced in. The State Senate was not in session yesterday. | The Assembly met and adjourned till Monday even- ' ing. | ‘The advanced views of holders tended to restrict salog of cotton yesterday, which were coniined to about 6004 | 600 bales, cloving atan advance of about sc. per lb. | since the receipt of the Atlantic's news. Flour continued | steady and iu fair demand, without change of moment in | prices. Wheat was firm, with limited sales, at rates given | in another column, Corn was firmer, with sales of yellow | ot U6e., and was afterwards held at (7c. Pork was Grmer | for new mess, with sales at $15 25 a $15 90, and of old at | about $14 87, and prime at $124 $1: Sugars were j steady, with sales of about 2,000 bhds. und¢0 boxes, at | Prices given in another place. Coffee was in fair demand | at steady prices. The cargo of the Zingarella, consisting | of4 509 bags of Tio, was sold on private terms, with some | lots of Rio, Maracaibo and Java, to the trade, at prices | given clsewhoro. Freights were steady, with moderate | engagements. To Liverpool about 1,000 bales of cotton | were engaged at 3-16d., flour at 2s., and whest in ship's } bags at Gd. To London 1,500 bbls flour at 2s, 6d., with Ddeef and pork on terms given in another place; and 1,000 bbls. dour were engaged for Glasgow at 2s. 6d. Our Central American Poltcy. The events of the last few years, not to say weeks, demonstrate the absolute neceseity of abrogating the Clayton-Bulwer treaty, and of establishing a new and thoroughly American | policy in our Central American relations. Tf any doubt had heretofore existed in regard to this great truth, the events of the past few | weeks must have erased them from all candid minds, The invasion of Nicaragua by Walker, . supported by a strong popular sentiment in the South ; the appeal of that republic to us for protection and security through the Yrisarri treaty; the seizure of Walker by Commodore Paulding, and the public excitement it has aroused here, are all evidences that our govern- ment, and our government alone, untrammelled by treaty stipulations with partially interested Powers, can cope with all the exigencies of this great question. Lying midway across the shortest ocean route between our Atlantic and | Pacific States, these republics are destined at no | distant day to be the scence of transit for a vast | portion of our own domestic trade, and perhaps } to become the half-way house for the inter- course of Austrslia and China with the active centres of civilization. Forty years of independence have exhibited on their part nearly an equal period of internal dissension and civil war, during which they have lost in a large degree their agricultaral and mechanical skill, as well as their political organization and cohesion, While exhibiting this material decay, the march of our develope- ment and the progressive necessities of the whole world have involved them within its car- rent, and they are unable to meet its exigencies in any way. The retrograded communities that exist there have neither the mechanical skill to meet the requirements for the transit of com: merce, nor the political stability to insure its safety, The weak and exhausted governments that rule théfe have become the prey to schem- ing speculators in privileged grants, and the people bid fate to succumb to enterprising epi- rites who are ambitiousto imitate Cortez, Pizarro and other successful adventurers. At the same time the prospective demands of trade are urg ing on the tide of a cultivated mechanical emi gration, and preparing the ground for the ad vent of new communities possessed of a higher degree of civilization. This is the mission that falls to the lot of our people to fulfil, and, puri pose, with it comes the obligation of our govern. ment 60 to shape its policy as to meet the new order of things. Such a policy is initiated in the new treaty with Nicaragua. In covenanting with her to extend over the Nicaraguan route that protec tion which the great interests of commerce re- quire, we are engaging to do what no European Power could possibly undertake todo. How- ever much the trade of other najons may seek the facilities of these lethmus route’, that of our — great may be European emigration to those countries after « atable government shall have been attained there, our own will exceed it hundred fold. The greater proximity of our ports, and the far greater amount of our inter- course that will seek these routes, can have no other result. Any European interference iu the domestic affairs of these regions could only re- sult in presenting innumerable points of conflict with our citizens, which would not only keep alive but greatly increase the number of “ irri- tating if not dangerous’’ international ques- tions. European minds can with difficulty conceive how it is that we experience a degree of bitter- ness that to them seems “out of proportion to the importance of the subject,” in regard to our controversies with them; but it is precisely be- cause all these questions relate to matters in America—and not only in America, but immediately within the sphere of our daily intercourse among ourselves—that they have an importance to us which they do not possess for Europe. If the statesmen and journalists of Europe wil! suppose a reverse case, a8, for instance, our persistent assertion of imaginary rights anywhere in the British Chan- nel, or an effort to obtain the fortress of Cueta, opposite Gibraltar, or a foothold upon the Isle of Man, in view of our prospective interests of commercial transit, they will see at once how such a course on our part would come home to the understanding of their people, and create bitter questions too, But it is because the people of Europe know little of and care less for the intrigues of their Cabinets and di- plomatists on this side of the ocean that they think the question with us of little importance. They might well ask themselves another ques- tion, why the people of America take so little interest in the international questions of Eu- rope, which to them are of so great importance? It is these great exigencies that are forcing upon our government a complete change in our Central American policy, and compelling it to assume @ position not only of protection to the Transit routes, but of ultimate dominant influ- ence in the internal affairs of those coun- tries. And they will gain by it, and the whole world will gain by it. Peace, order and industrial developement will be restored tothem. The much that they have which is good in their legislation, literature and social customs will be strengthened and preserved, while all that is anarchical, disintegrating and decaying will be swept away. A higher, a more permanent and a progressing civilization will displace the recession that now rules, and none will be greater gainers in this than those communities themselves. The London Times, in view of this impending domination of American influence in Central America, has, in its comments upon President Buchanan’s annual message, a striking admis- sion. Expressing its pleasure at the statement of the President that “the interest of the two countries is identical—being confined to se- curing a safe transit over all the routes across the isthmus”—it says: “Let the American go- vernment give proof of this, and we are sure that matters will be speedily settled.” The American government will very soon give proof of this, when it shall have exercised the influence in Central America which it isdestined to attain; nay, it has already given proof of it. We have sought for no exclusive control in the late treaty with Nicaragua; and more than that, in recent and still pending questions with New Granada regarding the mail tax for transit of the isthmus of Panama, it has adhered to the principle that territorial sovereignty gives no right of seignorage upon goods for the simple permission of transit. In doing this it is defending the interests of every commercial nation, as well as its own, and that, too, upon a point which Great Britain had abandoned years ago. In adopting the policy of a direct influence and protection over the routes across the Ame- rican Isthmus, our government is not only taking that course which the exigencies of the case require, but it is accepting a mission of high import for the whole world. The interests of every nation in this re- spect are identical, for all desire the perpetn- ity of peace and safe transitthere. None other than our government can exercise the influence there which is necessary to attain this; and none other can control the immense tide of emi- gration which is already preparing to set toward those shores. The President's Special Message on the Nica- ragaa Filibusters. The special message of the President to the Senate in reference to the capture of General Walker and his filibustering foree by Commo- dore Paulding, which we published yesterday, | has, we fee! assured, commanded the unanimous approbation of all classes of our inflligent readers. We are equally confident, too, that the high toned, clear and unanswerable views of Mr. Buchanan concerning filibustere and fili- bustering, the duties of the government, and the good faith of the country, will reocive a hearty endorsement from the great body of the Awerican people of all sections of the Union. No State paper upon this subject of our neu- trality obligations, since the time of President Monroe, has been of a character so completely satisfactory in the vindication of the dignity and honor of the country as this unpretending bat conclusive message of our present worthy chief magistrate, He admits that, technically, Commodore Paulding, in the arrest of Walker and his filibusters upon a foreign shore, exceed- ed his authority, but pleads the substantial justice of the act upon the unquestionable spirit and intent of the law. “Disguise it ag we may,” says the President, referring to the late adventure of Walker, “euch o military expedition is an invitation to reckless and lawless men to enlist under the banner of any adventurer, to rob, plunder and murder the unoffending citizens of neighboring States, who have never done them harm. It is « ueurpa- tion of the war-making power which belongs alone to Congrese ;’ and the conelusion inevita- bly follows, that the “ government itself, in the estimation of the world, becomes an accomplice in the commission of this crime unless it adopts all the means necessary to prevent and punish it.’ Here we have a practical interpretation of the annual message of December Inet, and of the recognition of the Martinez government of Nicaragaa, (upon the receipt of the news of the escape of the Walker expedition from our ehores,) which no man can misunderstand, The wretched policy of the late Pierce sdministra- tion, which juggled with the Walker Mibusters on Monday, recognized thelr authority on Tees day, and repudiated them on Wednesday, is thus completely swept away, and the old pro- verbial international good faith, honor and truth of our country and its government are fully Testured. The administration of Mr. Buchanan is thus placed upon the highest ground of internatfonal integrity; and in this position it may safely challenge the emulation of the pretentious, but somewhat slippery colonizing Powers of Eu- rope. We presume that the imperial prees of France and the ministerial journals of England will now dismiss their fears concerning the fili- bustering proclivities of Mr. Buchanan, But we cannot let the occasion pass without suggesting the remarkable contrast between the official treatment administered to the filibuster Walker, on the one hand, and the late African slave trade experiment of Louis Napoleon, and the various filibustering movements with which the British government has been and continues to be implicated on the other hand. But especially with the government of Spain, we hope, will this anti-filibustering message of Mr. Buchanan be satisfactory and consoling. ‘We apprehend that the very broad hints thrown out to Congress in the annual message of De- cember in regard to the liquidation of our unsettled balances with Spain, read vie< vis with the Ostend manifesto, may have somewha shaken the sensitive nerves of the court and cabinet at Madrid. But they can no longer entertain any misgivings of a filibustering descent by moonlight upon “the ever faithful island” of Cuba, under the protecting authority of the Cabinet at Washington. The policy of Mr. Buchanan is as emphatically anti-filibusteriag as even Queen Isabella could desire. With these aseurances, however, let us hope that she will meet our go- vernment in a corresponding spirit; for thus all causes of complaint, distrust and suspicion be- tween the two nations will speedily disappear. In a domestic view of this case of Gen. Walk- er, our readers cannot have failed to remark the difference between the dignified, compre- hensive, practical and conclusive views of the President, and the shallow, flippant and con- temptible stump speeches in Congress for seve- ral days past upon the same subject. Mr. Sena- tor Toombs, for example, is a man of admitted taleut, of a high order as a political debater, and yet his speech upon this message hardly rises above the level of the crossroad poli- tician. Mr. Senator Davis and his colleague, Mr. Drown. of Mississippi, exhibit a most amusing regard for the law in this matter, when they know, as well as any one else, that the late Walker expedition was essentially a piratical affair. Mr. Senator Seward jus- tifies the President, but this justification is mixed up with a pettifogging argument which it would puzzle a Tombs lawyer to comprehend. Mr. Pugh, of Ohio, only betrays his utter ig- norance of the real merits of the case, and Mr. Douglas stultifies himself. Lastly, we must aot overlook Mr. Senator Mason, Chairman oa Foreign Relations. Like the sly old fox in the fable, who had a bad cold in his head, he feels unable to give any opinion on the subject. The more contemptible discussions of this case in the House are scarcely worthy word of specification. Suffice it to say that Mr. Ste- phens, of Georgia, in pleading the duty of the government to restore the Nicaragua filibusters to the island at Punta Arenas, degrades his cha- racter as a national statesman; and that Mr. Haskin, of New York, heretofore a petty lar- ceny lawyer, has not improved his position in becoming a public advocate of grand larceny. All such loose opinions, however, on all sides, in both houses of Congress, have at length re- ceived their quietus; and, in this respect, let us hope that the excellent lesson administered by the President will operate to establish a higher sense of moral responsibility among all partics concerued than that which they have betrayed in these recent debates. With the proclamation of the exact and spe- cifie views of the President, as set forth in this epecial meseage, the business of filibustering in thie country is extinguished. We would say, therefore, to all hands concerned in it, that (he best thing which they can vow do is to turn their talent and their energies to more honest and useful pursuits. The President will enforce his policy, and the country will sustain him. Mort Buocaueans THat Waite ror News ravexs.—Mr. Booby Brooks is not the only un- mitigated ass that writes for the newspapers. We finda Parisian correspondent for an ob- seure cotemporary who writes in relation to the Heraio and the American revulsion in a style equally as absurd as that of our cotem- porary here. This Paris blockhead flies into a prodigious passion because we have character- ized those who have got foolishly in debt, and do not pay their debts as being, for the most part, swindlers and rogues in every sense of the terma. He says that this is a most atrocious libel upon the fair name of the American peo- ple. The stock gambling journal in which this letter appears makes a very good reply to it, by stating that while the American people at home and abroad patronize and support the Hera.n, in which these charges are made, they must think there is a great deal of truth in its assertions. Not long ago the London Zimes, as well as other leading journals in England, ac- knowledged openly and declared posi- tively that the commercial system of Great Britain was rotten to the core. We suppose that any Englishman residing in a fo- reign country, and blessed with the same small quantity of brains that have been bestowed up- on the Paris correspondent of our stock gam- bling cotemporary, would write that the Lon- don Time had been guilty of publishing the most awful libel upon the honesty and honor of the British public, while the fact is that the London Times simply told the trath, in the most forcible way, in characterizing the commercial system of England as rotten to the core. We have done the same thing with regard to this country, and have not spared the swindlers of any kind—swindlers in Wall street, swindlera in old Brick Churches, swindlers in railways, and swindlers in the lobby. And for the future we intend to pursue the same course, and to publish the truth without respect to persons. We are confident that the American people have quite as much coolness, discernment, discrimi- nation and common sense a all the John Bulls that can be found from Land’s End to Joho 0’ Groat's Wo Gor Tuat Moxey’ —The frequent inqui- ty is beginning to be put in almost every news paper, what distribution has been made of the $87,000 which is stated to have been paid to the tariff lobby by Lawrence, Stone & Co, of Boston, including the $8,000 expended for edi- torial scrviees in New York. Who got the money Did any of thd cash go in the same direction as tha! of the famous Celtic fund raised to pro- N EW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY. JANUARY 9, 1868. mote a revolution in old Ireland? 1. it travel the same road as the great Kanase which disappeared to the extent of $100,000 nS } sone knows where? Did any of it pase through the hand: of the eame editorial depovitor and broker who negotiated the $1,000 bonus in fa- vor of the Des Moines Improvement Company? Who got the money? Is it not time for Law- rence, Stone & Co. to publish a transcript from their ledger, and tet the world know the truth of itt ‘The Report of the Bank Superintendent, Mr. James M. Cook has done himself no little credit by the fall, lucid and philosophical re- port which we published yesterday. It may be read with profit by every banker and trader in the country. Speaking generally, the views of Mr. Cook are sound, his information various and extensive, his acquaintance with the princi- ples of banking and the financial history of the past twelve months thorough and complete. He is evidently a man anxious todo his duty, and that without regard to the opinion or good will of the bankers with whom he has chiefly to deal. At the eame time there are some points in the report which naturally attract comment. How very briefly Mr. Cook glludes to the grand inflation which was the cause of the revulsion! He first hints at it, and then changes the sub- ject to our purchases of silks and diamonds, which in truth are no more chargeable with the crisis than our purchases from the pastry cook or the ice cream maker. One would have expected to find some valuable figures en the extent of the bank expansion, and a comparison with former years and foreign countries. This branch of the financial history of the year has been eadly neglected ; the Bank Superintendent was the man to write it. We know, of course, how much the banks of the country or of any part of it lend to merchants on mercantile paper. We can estimate the exact proportion between their loans and discounts and their specie and circulation. But this is only a small part of their business. How much docs the banking movement amount to, exclusive of the regular loans and discounts? Are we cor- rept in assuming that, if ihe operations of the New York Clearing House amount to nine thou- sand millions a year, the average business represented by this is equal, at any given time, to two thousand five hundred millions: And that this only represents about one-third of the busi- ness of the country? In other words, that the bank movement of the United States, exclusive of regular loans and discounts, amounts to the enormous aggregate of $7,500,000,000" This i= « point on which the Bank Superintendent might have given us some useful information. Again, the report only touches in the lightest manner upon the connection of the railroads with the revulsion. Can it be possible that the Central Railroad, which holds the Legislature in chains, is equally potent in the Bank Depart- ment? The railroads, Mr. Superintendent, were the promoters, originators, and supporters of the expansion which caused the revulsion; they, were also the first to set the example of break- ing down, and the first to create the panic. An account of the revulsion of 1857, which says nothing about the railronds, is like the play of “Hamlet” with the Prince of Denmark left out. From the first succeseful inauguration of the Illinois Central Railroad, with ite enormous land grant, the railroads have been the leaders of finance in this country. From the time when that corporation obtained its land, and the proprietors of the enterprise were understood to have cleared their million apiece, Western railroads became all the rage, and so many persons were eager for stock or bond at any price, that really the scrip could hardly be manufactured fast enough for them. No thought was taken of the protitableness of the enterprises. It was never asked whether a road would cost to work it more than it earned. No concern was taken for competing lines, The idea was that railroad stock and bonds would make a man’s fortune at any price, and accord- ingly in the space of ten to twelve years, a thousand millions of them were made and told. The consequence was not only that this thousand million dollars worth of paper was added to the floating capital of the country, but that an expansive {mpulse was given to everything elsee—to trade, to manufactures, to social life. The immense over importations which have crippled our dry geods men, the vast «speculative movements in sugar, hides and so forth, the large sums of money spent in luxuries of various kinds and extravagances of living—all these grew out of the buoyant impetus imparted to trade and life generally by the expansion and popularity of the railways: and these, as Mr. Cook admite, were the true and only causes of the revulsion. Who shall give us the history of the railway dolusion of 1847-57, which broke down Ameri- can commerce, and the commerce of the world, in a time of profound peace and plenty? Finally, it is to be doubted whether Mr. Cook’s views on the future management of banks in reference to their specie deposits, are as practical as some other parts of his report. He, like Governor King, demands that our banks shall hold 20 per cent of their total lia- bilities in specie. No doubt this method would be safer than the present one; but how it would work with the commerce of the port may be easily understood from the fact that our banks —todo the business they have hitherto donc— would require to hold as much specle as they have now. Ina word, it would crush out, for some years to come, the trade and enterprise of the city of New York. The Legislature is not quite ready, it is to be hoped, to do this yet. For all these blemishes we may repeat that the report is creditable to the Bank Superin- tendent and a useful addition to our “reval- sionary” literature. Tammany Trovwurs Sertiep.—The troubles, discords and dissensions which have agitated the Tammany democracy for the last few years have at last settled down on a new and carious basis of organization. Two General Committees —one inside and the other outside—have been quietly organized as the double-headed repre- sentative of the Tammany democracy for the next year. The inner committee, whose chair- man is Peter B. Sweeny, is the representative of the majority of the Sachems, (the aristocracy of the democracy,) and genorally of the office- holders. The outer committer, whose chairman is William H. Leonard, is the representative of the minority of the Sachems, or the democracy of the democracy. So the democracy of New York, like the ancient democracy of Rome, have two substantial heads. or consuls, or com- mittees, and Tammany Hal) has settled down into a classical form--each cotmittee quarrel- ling with the other about the spoils during their distribution, but uniting previous to an election, “id any of } Wood and anti-Wood factions have all evape- rated, for Fernando himself has returned to the yanks and taken @ quiet pgsition as a member of thé inner commitw’e. buch isthe generai fonfigauration which the democracy bas assumed Sficr an agitation of ten years, We are not sure but that this double-headed form will giee them greater strength than ever. Time will show, Sraivcre.tow, Tar Borver Rovriw.—It ig stated in the newspapers that the famous poli- tician, Chevalier Stringfellow, of Kansaa, whom the abolitionists consider the model of @ , border ruffian of that Territory, has been in Washington for several daye, offering # letter against the Lecompton constitution and im favor of popular sovereignty to the Union. It seems to have been refused. Of course such a letter would be refused by any newspaper im Washington pretending to be the organ of am administration. The vocation of administra tion organs is only to publish one-sided views, The Chevalier Stringfellow bas sent his le.terte us, and we give him the opportunity of being heard by the whole civilized world, both of, Europe and America; and may afford him, im addition, at some future time, perhxps, the ben- efit of acritical analysis, giving merit where merit is due, and pitching into him without mercy wherever we think he deserves it. THE LATEST NEWS. Important from the Utah Expedition. ARRIVAL OF THR TROOPS AT FORT BRIDGER—THR RHE RETORTED MASSACRE UNFOUNDED. 5 Sr. Lovis, Jan. 8, 1856. ‘The Republican has just received a lotier from Fort Kearny, 28d ult., stating that Colonel Johnston was a Fort Bridger Nov. 26. Colonel Cook with his whole cem- mand had also arrived. ‘The grass had a3] been burned, and the auimals were dying at the rate of one hundred a day, The Mormons were fortify!ng the passes leading to Salt Lako City. } Jesse Jones, ageut of Majors & Russell, bad beea re- leased and sent to Colonel Johnston's camp. In passing through the different canons be was blindfolded by the Mormons w prevent him from obtaining a knowledge « their movements. Another letter dated ata camp of Colonel Cook's com- mand, while en route, makes no mention of being molested by the Mormons. The report that two hundred of the troops had been massacred is therefore entirely false. Non-Arstval of the Africa, Sanpy Hoox, Jan. 8~0 P.M, The steamship Africa, from Liverpool, is not yet tm sight. The weather is very clear and calm, without wind. Affairs in Washington, CELEBRATION OF GEN. JACKSON'S VICTORY AT NEW ORLEANS—RECBPTION OF THR VENRZUBLAN MINIS TER—CONDITION OF THE NATIONAL TREASURY, BTG. Wastrnoron, Jan, 8, 1858, The Judges of the Supreme Court, with their families, dined with the President to-day. Attorney General Black and Dr. Mackay were also present. The anniversary of thé battle of New Orleans was ap- propriately celebrated to-day by the firing of cannon and display of flags. Several balls are ou hand in honor of the day. 7 ‘The new national armory was taken possession of to-day by the Volunteors of the District. Mr. and Madame Stoecki visit St. Petersburg in the epring, and make a tour of Europe. Government employés about the public buildings here failed to receive their last month’s compensation. ‘The trunk of Hon. Mr. Horton, of Ohio, was abstracted from a Daggage wagon yesterday, and gifled of its com- ten. ’ ‘The Custom House receipts in New York were reported yesterday at seventy thousand dollars. The receipts of the few days preceding averaged thirty thousand. ‘The Troasurer’s weekly statement furnishes the fol- lowing figures for the wook ending Thursday, January T— Amount on Ht... oe The nomination of Mr. Clifford to the Supreme bench comes ep the first thing in the Senate wheu again im executive session. le Mr. Strickland, Register of the Land Office at Groens- burg, La., has resigned. . Mariano De Briceno was yesterday received as Minister from Venezuela. THE GENERAL NEWSPAPER DRPATCH. Wasunsctor, Jan. 8, 1857. The War Departmont discredits the alleged attack upea. Col. Cooke's command: No action has beon taken by the Navy Department te- wards court martialing Chatard. Captain Engle will leave for the Hom Squadron on the 20th inat., with despatohes ‘The only celebration here of the battle of Now Orleans was the fring of a salute, aud a supper by the Jackson Democratic Association. —_. Affairs at the State Capital. NO SPEAKER YET—ANOTICER DAY WASTRD—TOUSH ADJOURNED UNTIL MONDAY EVENING—TUE POLICE LAW, BTC. Avast, Jan. 8, 1858, All the ante-rooms, aisles and galicrice wero ae crowded this morning with the populace, eager to witnaws the continuation of the farce of electing the Speaker of the Howse. No abatement in tho interest which the friends of each party take inthe result. Rumors were afloat this Morning that the republicans would be able to succeed, 00 account of the absence of two democrats and the eup- posed caving in of one Know Nothing yesterday. Tho friends of Mr. Van Volkenburgh came within throe votes of electing bim yesterday, which gavo them encoaraging hopes of success to-day. No vote upon the question of Speaker was taken to- day ‘The entire session was occupied in motions to adjourn, calling the ayes and nays, to lay mot on the table, ac. Mr. Van Horn, republican, of Ningat® finally succeeded in getting @ reeolution before the Howe, ordering that « ballet be taken for Speaker. Mr. M. Miller, democrat, moved to lay the motion on the table, which, after having called the ayes and noes, the Clerk declared was lost, being. & te vote. Mr. Dayton, democrat, from Kings, however, discovered that hi aamse was not recorded inthe aiiram tive. Mr. Dyckman moved that the vote might be per. mitted to be recorded. This was done, and would have Gord not then alte the result ae had bee pre ieeaty nt r the result, pac : as it deca previously Tins it became necessary for some other effort to be made by which the matter might beflaid over. Mr.ALaw, the American candidate for Speaker, standi = hie iT T action solid and invinctbie nine votes, moved that in relation to the election of Spaaker be postponed unt Monday afternoon at seven o'clock. Mr. Martin MAler, shrowd democrat, from Greenbush, thought that i the House decided to postpone the subject, they could do nothing ele in the meantime, and moved an adjoura- Mmentot the House until Monday eyoning, seven o'clock. ‘The question was taken by ayes and nays, and it was de eitied by @ majority of haifa dozen to adjourn. Upon ali motions and questions voted upon today, the Americans and democrats weat hand-in-hand, overpower- ing the r icnns in every instance. Had the motion pany hy ding yesterday upon urament been pus morning, wo wit, that , Amert- can, be declared tern ary prestaing ceiver of Ge Agsem- bly, it would have “dopted, it the republicans Matiaged to stave it off in an adroit Weely be renewed again upon re assembling. The Ame- rican mombera up to the rack with much more courage than was anticipated. As yet, they have not on the question of zation yielded an inch, though one of them yesterday shivered in the wind considerably ; but he railed again this morning The report is current this morning that the members manner; but it will be given tothe measure. The apeaks pi determined! e . iy that wither modem or reed wh i Organization of the Maryland Legisiature. Bartiwone, Jan. 7, 1968. Tho Legislature organised yesterday. All the Ame rican caucus nominees were elected. J. Summertiold Berry, of Baltimore county, is the Speaker of the House, ‘and J, Vaughan Smith, of Somerset county, the Clerk. The Senate elected Rdwin H. Webetor, of Hartford county, President; Chapman Harwood Secrotary, and Dr. Tingle, of Worcester, Reading Clerk. When the memage of Governor Ligon waa Announced in order to secure the party victory. The | ip tho House to-day, a motion was made thst it be not | “4