The New York Herald Newspaper, December 27, 1857, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1857. NEW YORK HERALD. annem JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIRTOR. OFFIC N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASHAU STS. LERMS, cash in advance. THE DAILY HBRALD, hoo cents per THE WEBKLY HERALD, every ery. 0 Biper annum, the Buropean alition, $4 per annum to er, part (reat Britain, or $5 10 any part of the Continent, both Intute po © rie PaMILY UERALD, every Wednesday, at four conta per copy, oF 62 per anmum VOL OvtanT CORRESPONDENCE, septaining important ewe. soinded/rom amy quarter of the world, Y used will be libe Pais fallen. ge Due FoReian Counesrnpunrs ane Pan ovLaRcy Reqoreren TO BEAL Alt LETTERS anv Packsgns: $1 per annum ‘at siz cents per xT US ay | NOTICE taken ‘of anonymous correspondence, We donot return Drone + eater (GOR TRINTING exerted with newtness, cheapness and des ch PUD VERTISEMENTS reneiced every day werted in the Wanary Hemavp, Famicy Obijornia and Buropean Bait: Avertinemanta in ALD, and in the AMUSEMENTS TO-MORROW EVENING. Broadway—Raustiian, Z00L0- INTERTAINMENTS, BROADWAY THRATRI B04. ary Hirrookamante NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway—Ticut Ro © PRats—La Bovquetiane—Gouner Reo BOWERY THRATBR, Bowery—" vesratan, Oruxastic axe Risruantixs Faats—M. AND Mas. Baacmancaiis, BURTON'S THRATRE, Bros iway, onesie Bond street— A Nice Pikw—Gamat Gun Taigk [Risa Lion. — ACK'S TOERATRE, Broadway —Tax Poon ix New Onn LAURA ERENE'S THRATRE, Broadway —Tan Corsican Baornmas —Hanieqoin Bive Bragp. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth street.—Inaiax Orena =| Puritami—Aiso, Concentsp Pisdes sy Taasnie ano Yinuxrears, BAR. AMERICAN MUSEUM, Brondway—Afternoon —[nish ASSURANCE AND Vannee Mopesty, Evening Vat BNWINE AD ORSON. WOOD'S BUILDINGS, 561 and 563 Broadway—Gnorce Onniste & Woov's Minstre GUBRIES OF THOMAS OPERA HOUSE, No. 585 Broadway —Braro —DOws EN MISSISSEPPY BUCK Pian Mei MECHANIC'S HALL, 472 Broadway—Barant’a Minaregus MOPLAN SONGS—BeRuwsaue Cmous, ” New York, Sunday, December 27, 1857. _ ‘The News. The General in Chief of the army has received in- telligence from the Utah expedition confirmatory of the accounts previously published. The detachments under Col. Johnston and Col. Smith, together with the supply trains, had united with the main body under Col. Alexander, and the entire force on the Tih ull. had advanced to within sixteen miles of Fort Bridger, en route for Salt Lake City. The troops were in high spirits, being plentifully suppled with provisions, while the snow had fallen sufficiently to protect the grass from fire. We publish elsewhere letters from our correspon dent attached to the main body of the army of Utah, dated at Ham's Fork, on Green river, down to the 2d ult. They contain details of important events that have transpired in that region, but which have noi reached the public through the official despatches heretofore published. We have news from the city of Mexico to the 17th inst. The intelligence is important. Another re- volution had broken out. The garrison at Tacuyba and Vera Cruz had pronounced against the govern meat ly the dissolution of the Congress, the overthrow of the constitution, and the clothing of Comonfort with dictatorial power. It was expected that the other States would follow, and the revolu become general and complete. The rebel ucatan continued, but without any marked to either side. lion advanta) The namber of appointments and removals in the forces of New York and Brooklyn. A resolution was passed providing that no man shall be appointed on the force under five feet seven inches in height, or over 45 years of age. The sum of $600 was appropriated to pay for fitting up the house No. 88 White street for the detention of witnesses. We learn from the report of the City Inspe that there were 993 deaths in the city last week, an nerease of 42 as compared with the mortality of the week previous. The smallpox is still oa the in crease, but as the disease in most cases readily yields to virulent character, no alarm is entertained. Last week increase of eight a8 compared with the previous week Fata! cases of diseases of the langs and air hat augmented during the past week. The wing table exhibits the aumber of deaths dagiag past week among adults and children, distin ng the sexes: — Men, Women. Boys Girls Txat ting Dee 19. 6 70 110195351 Wook ending Dec 2. 71 = 76 145 10398 Among tue priacipal causes of death were the fol- lowing: — —Work ending-— De i Deo Bs Conaumpiivn bt 61 Convulsions (infantile) 2 a Jaflammavon of he lungs 6 w Lafiammation of Wrauw 8 4 Sens 16 16 Marasmus ( “ 25 Dropey in the head u » Mons! 1 1 Croop to u Bronce! “ 4 . ve aio J deaths of apoplexy, 3 of delirium ” 6 of dyseutery, 4 of diarrhoea, 4 of typhoid flammation of the bowels, 4 of s 4 of can $11 from ¥ 9 prer lent ture births, 2 causes, in wicid i) marder The following is a classification of the diseases and the number of deaths ia each class of disease during the week and erupuve fevers mature births ther digestive organs seat aad gearra! fevers 2 B61 number of deaths, compared with the corres ponding weeks in 1955 and 1956, waa aa followa:— Wook ending Dec. 20, 1955 21 Week outing Dee. 27, v 407 Week eating Dee 19 Sol Weak enting Dee 26, 1867 303 The Sit val vity lable gives 264 natives of the United treland, 30 of Germany, 12 of England, 2 of France, 1 each of Austria, Britiah tea, Italy. Prussia and Switzerland, aad 1 on wn Any k and “ eam: that the caicium light oa board the p Adriatic was so dutinctly visible at a dis fifteen or twenty miles from Sandy Hook, an early hour on Monday morning last, as to suse the impression that there was a fire at sea. It ed the whole beavens. ock yesterday Morning the steam. of the Fall River line, while lying at at pier No Te fire broke o and wa arent the First ward { the taner Aurion About nine ¢ boat Bay State her dock be ee fre round the framework of “t seen by policeman It was extinguished by own steam pampa. The bouer “ boat Jamace was but trifling North Star aailed from this port thampton and Bremen, with 191 and $902,000 4 w Be t ss oeWe bad wrday (> unaettie aiea jo small lots piaod rally lice Commissioners yesterday made a | medfral treatment, and rarely asaumes a | gbteen persons died of amallpox. being an | ex and of the digestive organs have also | North river, was discovered to some | bout 208 bhds. Cuba, Porto Rico end Now Orleans St steady prices, and thore was rather more doing in mo- lanses, without change of moment in quotations. The sales included 180 bbls. New Orleans, 240 do. Cuba muscovado, and 30 bbls. do. Coffee was quict. Moderate freight on. gAgements were made, including 16,000 bushels of corn to Liverpool at 6344. in bulk, and at 6d. in bags, with flour at 2s. To London tiorce boof wag taken at 43. 6d., with bbls. and tierces of pork at 38. 6d. « ba. a ‘The Administration and the Presidential Schemers of the Democratic Party. Our democratic Presidential aspirants since the time of Gen. Jackson have been very jea- lous of the power of the administration in re- ference to the succession. It was as much a they could do, with all the engineering of Robert J. Walker, to prevent the nomination of Martin Van Buren for the third time, (notwith- Standing his crushing defeat in 1840,) 80 great was the influence of Old Hickory’s predilec- tions, down to 1844, over the councils of the party. But since that day the party leaders have taken good care to keep the President within their reach; and thus they experienced not the slightest difficulty in setting Mr. Polk aside in 1848, and in turning poor Pierce adrift in 1856. The nomination of Mr. Buchanan was a ne- cessity, to which, however, his disappointed rivals the more readily submitted from the un- derstanding that in no event would he become acandidate for a second term. His election was accepted not as a mere party triumph, but as a narrow escape from the absolute annihila- tion of the party. Exhausted by their despe- rate efforts in the canvass, the rank and file of the democracy at first occupied the field of vic- tory like an enfeebled and mutilated army, in- capable of further exertion; while the superior forces of the enemy, still fresh and vigorous, remained fullin sight, not subdued, but cha- grined at the loss of the battle which they had permitted to go by default. But with the proclamation of Mr. Buchanan's Cabinet and inaugural, the party aspirants for the succession began to prick up their ears and concoct their little conspiracies, while the masses of the people, of all parties, began to subside into a state of confiding tranquillity. It was evident that the Cabinet was the Cabinet of Mr. Buchanan, that he was and would be the master of his situation, and that he was no man’s pioneer for the succession. This would never do; and so the fire-eating organs of the South instantly opened fire upon the heretical materials of the Cabinet. Mr. Cobb had been a traitor to the South; Gen. Cass had basely de- ceived them with his Nicholson letter on the nigger question; Mr. Brown was one of the old Van Buren stock of Southern democrats, and so on. As for the inaugural, it was but the catin the meal tub. It was evident that the Southern democracy and Southern rights were to be sac- | rificed to save the party in the North from be- ing ground to powder by the abolitionists. | From Richmond to New Orleans a regular | fire-eaters’ hue and ory of this sort was set up | against the administration from the fourth of | March, and with the first pacification speeches of | Gov. Walker in Kansas, this hue and ery was | swelled into a general secessionist howl | against Walker and against the President for | their treachery to the interests of slavery ina | frozen territory where a nigger can’t be made | to pay expenses. But the masses of the | American people, satisfied with the calm, just | and conservative Cabinet and Kansas policy of the administration, were indifferent to these outeries of our Southern disorganizers; and at length, finding that the President was not to be bullied nor frightened into the service of Jef- ferson Davis, the fire-eaters ceased their howl- ing and bottled up their wrath for future necessities. But no sooner were the Southern fire-eating ‘chemers for the succession reduced to submis- sion, with Jefferson Davis at their head and Mr. Hunter, of Virginia, at their tail, than the Northern Presidential aspirants of the party, with Douglas at the head and Walker at the tail of the conspiracy, came down upon the administration with their Kansas coup d'état of “popular sovereignty.” And why? Simply Vecause if our “hold over” candidates for the White House permit the admininistration to become too popular, it may become too power- ful in the next national party Convention to suit their purposes. The outsiders had enough of this policy of building ap a master over the party in the case of Old Hickory ; and they in- tend, therefore, that Mr. Buchanan shall be as powerless in the matter of the succession as Mr. Polk or poor Pierce. The consequences, as we have heretofore de- picted, will most probably be a decisive disrup- tion, and the reconstruction of parties for 1860 upon new sectional and party issues. These anticipations would be a matter for serious concern to the President, if, like Mr. Polk or | poor Pierce, he were a candidate for a second term. But as Mr. Buchanan has no desire of | hare no other concern than a satisfactory ac- ple. The conflicting Presidential cliques of the | democracy may tear the party into tatters; | new parties may be formed of these disjointed fragments; but having no favors to ask and nothiag to fear from cliques or factions, or fac- | tiows leaders, Mr. Buchanan will still continue | the master of bis position, and will still be able | to command the balance of power among the | people, in spite of all plots and combinations ! to Tylerize his administration. We have no fears that this Kansas coup d'état of Mr. Douglas will destroy the public confi- dence in the honesty and justice of Mr. Bucha- nan’s policy; nor have we any apprehensions that, with the admission of Kansas as a free State, the administration will be broken down by a rebellion of the Southern fire-eaters. On the other hand, with the dropping of the cur- tain over this Kansas extravaganza, we antici- pate a popular reaction in behalf of the gene- ral policy of the administration which will very materially disturb the calculations of our , nigger agitating demagogues and Presidential disor vanizers, of all parties and sections. Tue Cartt cep Staves iy Copa.—We publish in anotber column a curious list of the distribu- tion made by the Spanish goverament in Cuba the bark Lexington and taken into Havana. It will be seen that they were distributed to the public works, agricultural employments, rail- tion of the democracy as a national organiza- | this kind, and no protegé to look after. he can | count of his stewardship to the American peo- | of 494 emancipated slaves captured on board | At this price the demand for negroes in Cabs is very large, as may be seen by the significant notice by the government to the or- der for this distribution. Several other lots had been distributed in other places in Guba, but still the number of applicants was 60 great that no more applications would be admitted. We do not see that these negroes have gained much by being captured. ‘The Last of the Greytown Bombardment. The correspondence which we published yes- terday between the late Secretary Marcy and Mons. Sartiges, in regard to the claims of certain self-styled French subjects upon our govern- ment for damagee sustained by them during the bombardment and burning of Greytown, by the sloop-of-war Cyane, sets completely at rest all idea of there being any just or legal ground for reclamation against the United States for this single act of vigor during the administration of our friend, poor Pierce. On the contrary, the able letter of Mr. Marcy conclusively shows that the French gentlemen have put their foot in it in making any claim at all. But not so Mons. Sartiges. He was too wily a diplomatist to bring fc the claims as the representative of the government, and so he merely acted aa’ jum through which “sundry French traders of Greytown” might obtain a recognition of their right to an indemnity from “the equitable sense of the government of the United States.” He patronizingly assures Mr. Marcy, however, that his government is willing he should pre- sent the little bill of damages, and that if we are disposed to pay it the Emperor will take good care that we shall not pay anything over and above what is right and proper. He winds up his note by quoting a few lines from Mr. Marcy's reply to him upon the propositions of the Paris Conference, relative to the respect held for the persons and effects of non-combat- ants in war. His note is a nice little piece of French smartness, but his recurrence to the reply to the propositions of the Congress at Pa- ris shows that that shaft sti!l rankles within him. We do not think he has any greater rea- son to be pleased with Marey’s reception of the Greytown claims. * Mr. Marcy tells him flatly, in the first dozen lines, that his constituents have no ground of right or even equity upon which to sustain their claims; and then gives him so clear an argument of the case that it not only settles the question, but will no doubt prove a valuable lesson in international law to him in his future career as a diplomatist. But Mr. Marcy goes even farther than proving that the French gentlemen have no claim against us, for he very kindly and considerately points out to him where the claim should lie, if there is any right to make one. The principle of international law that a foreigner domiciliated in a country must look to that country for protection, and if he sus- tains injury through the absence of that pro- tection, the country of his domicile must in- demnify him, is exemplified by the cases of the claim of Mather, a British subject, against Tus- cany, the claims of the United States, England, Prussia and France against Belgium, for damages sustained by their citizens at Antwerp by the Dutch in 1830, the American claims against Naples in 1807, and finally the course of affairs in regard to the bombardment of Copen- hagen by the English in the same year. Under these precedents, Mr. Marcy commends the French gentlemen to the free government of Greytown, with their claims; but as he shows that these same French gentlemen were them- selves, in part, that government, and supposing that they may not like to pay themselves out of their own pockets, he considerately gives them the benefit of an “if.” If they consider “Grey- town asamere municipality under the sove- reignty of a tribe of Indians cgjled Mosquitos,” then they can present their little bill to King Sambo Mosquito, and get itif they can. He closes his reply with some pretty sharp facts in relation to the matter, and shows that these same French subjects were no better than they should be, and roundly states that they had formed themselves into “a marauding establish- ment too dangerous to be disregarded and too guilty to go unpunished.” The whole affair is therefore returned to Mons. Sartiges, in order that it may form a subject of discussion for Mons. Belly, or whoever else the new French Minister to Central America may be, to discuss at the high and mighty court of King Sambo Mosquito. So ends the Greytown claims. Tut New Spanish Prrnce—The birth of a son | to Queen Isabella is an event of no small im- portance to the politics of Spain and of Europe | in general. It was doubtful if the Princess | born some six or seven years since could ever | have ascended the throne without another war for the succession. The certainty of this fact not only fostered the spirit of Carlism that is rife in Northern Spain, but gave rise to “certain projects that were seriously entertained by many influential persons,” as the Journal des Débats warily terms them, in an artiele which we reprint in another column. Among these we | may cite the designs of Louis Napoleon upon the crown of Spain, either directly for himself, through Eugenia, or for his cousin, Jerome Bo- | naparte, as events might determine. The house of Orleans also looked with hope upon the pre- tensions of the Duke of Montpensier, the hue band of Isabella’s sister. Parties in Spain, too, were divided; while the absolutists, still bold- ing to the Salic law, clung to the Count of Monte- molino, the republicans, with an innate reve- rence for the same law, wished to get rid of the Queen, in order to establish a republic. Ano- ther party looked forward to the union of the crowns of Spain and Portugal on the head of the young King of the latter country, on the death of the Queen without a male heir. The Prince of Asturias has come to upset all these schemes, and to draw the affections of the Span ish people more strongly around the throne A Spanish journal, in some comments upon | | | tain curious admissions as to the effect her colo- nies formerly produced upon Spain. It very truthfully accuses them of having drained the | mother country of her young men, and de- stroyed her productive power as an agricultural nation. They did even more than this: the: fostered a pride in the posseesion of colon that have always heen a bane to spot Woon wiser counsels shall prevail in the Court of roads aud domestic service, the agricultarists | Madrid, and it comes io look coon the good of | obtaining by far the largest share, while those | the people at home a« th Aa rand | for domestic service were given to officers or | pride of the nation: when ii « to inerense | widows of officers of the army. ‘The division of | their material well being by opening roads t | these negroes amounts, in fact, too sale of them | export their superabundant produste of wine t twenty-five dollare per bead. as the nominal | and g j When the thousands of young men ‘ to be paid to them is $4 per month, of Hill yearly drawa off to the colonies retai vy the gove h mi ndusigal paralysis at home opens i lo their cacrtions, are kept at home by this event, which we publish elsewhere, has cer- | nln an exuberant prosperity, then will Spain begin | Tux Srocxsosswa Liew Scrr—Inrerestna to regenerate, and coon regain her place among the rations. But so long as che holds to the false theory of colonial rule, she must pay her contribution of blood to protect and strengthen them, in order that when they have waxed strong they may desert her. It would be well for the Prince of Asturias if he could come to the throne without a colonial dependency to drain the life blood of his kingdom. Tse Farmers ys. tas Finanomers—Tut Ba- LANCE OF TRADE AND THE BaLanoe oF Popru- Larion.—There are indications from every quar- ter of the country, and from numberless sources of public opinion, that a general uprising is at hand of the agricultural and laboring interests in opposition to the hosts of financiers, trading speculators and stockjobbing operators with which our community is overrun. Something, it ir felt, must be done which shall produce a change in the existing distribution of our in- dustrial population. This distribution has been greatly vitiated by a large reduction in the proportion of productive labor, brought about bya misdirection of the floating or working espital of the country. We give elsewhere a drtailed statement, based upon the census re: turns, which, in view of the existing condition ef our financial affairs, points out the funda- nental cause of our embarrassments, as well as the revolution which must bé worked out be- fore we can be finally landed upon a perfectly sound and solvent basis. It will be seen from the article referred to, that the progress of our farming interest has been materially checked by the general ab- straction of labor, capital and skill which have been absorbed by the sudden growth of our cities and towns, in the continued stampede from the rural districts for the avenues of traffic and speculation. Such has been the rapid decline exhibited in the proportion of our agricultural population, that were it not for our enormous accessions from emigra- tion and the increase in our slave population we must have experienced a regular Egyptian famine during the past seven years for want of labor to till our ample domains. The number of our agricultural population for the census of 1850, when compared with that of 1840, count- ing only"the freé males over fifteen years of age, must, it would seem, have so decreased by desertion of the farnis for other channels of en- terprise as to reduce,the total for 1850 some hundred thousand below the previous census of 1840. The agricultural population made above seventy per cent of the whole of the working or industrial classes in 1840. In 1850 it bad fallen to forty-four per cent. This estimate presents our agricultural labor, exclusive of women and minors, so largely occupied in the husbandry of the middle and Northern States, as also of the growth of the slave population of the South, always a main wing of our agricul- ture. In the wealth derived from the soil a bountiful progress is of course exhibited, but an examination of the facts would show that this growth is not so much attributable to the increased numbers of our native free husband- men remaining on the farms and plantations. The relative increase of the great slave grown staples is one indication of this. Our farm lands—five-eighths unreclaimed for lack of labor and capital—is another proof. In short, there is no question but that high pressure en- terprises and wild speculations have consumed the past earnings, and absorbed an undue pro- portion of the bone and sinew which should have augmented still: furtaer our agricultural resources. From this diversion of the agricultural class has arisen the extraordinary growth of our city vopulations since 1830—more than three hun- dred per cent in cases like Cincinnati. It has called forth, also, the enormous balloons of false capital and bogus inflated values, devised to sus- tain the recklessness of these parvenve popula- tions, and to provide for their desertion of the farms and the useful industry of our rural districts. Corporations, combinations and swindling schemes without end have now com- plicated their affairs, and deranged the entire business of the community. Their operations were mainly fastened upon the produce and earnings of the farmer; but their stock-gambling quarrels over the spoils have at last exploded their banking, railway and other like “confi- dence” games. A final dissolution of partner- ship has taken effect between the financiers and their former connections, the agriculturists, The latter have withdrawn for a full settlement {the concern. They stand arrayed in mass, he inexorable “bears” of the present crisis, en- freing a general winding up, by withholding heir produce, and demanding therefor the ab- sdute specie values. Some thirty or forty mil- lions of the current crops, now due at our docks, hive thus been embargoed. Here, then, comes the tug of war. A general, wiform, stringent bankrupt law is already loming upon the Congressional horizon for the npre complete separation of the kite fliers and speculators from our genuine industry. The “prthcoming crops” have been the great reliance ofthe surviving financiers am@ suspensionists. Even to the sounder elements of our commerce these forthcoming crops are of vital conse- quence. Hence the merchants of this city, backed by their twenty-six millions of specie in bank, have resolved to halt no longer for the shinplaster concerns of the provinces, but re- sume specie payments forthwith. Trade will at once be resumed; the embargo on produce will be raised, for it was not the price, but the bad mmey, or the absence of all money, which caused the stoppage. The farmer must have his howrd; he must have the present price of his reps as the only capital he can get to work his farm. He has enough of bogus unconvertible serurities, for his means have been more or less alsorbed by them in previous years. Liv pre- seat divcriinination i+ practically inevitable, for he cannot hope to meet the exigencies, reaching from this to the time of hie next eeturne, with | aay but sure money. This diserimination of the farmer is the great tougbetone of ihe times Thoee twenty-six millions in the New York bank voults must take his fancy, and through their | farcinations trade will still more absolutely con- centrate in this city. The provincial cities, etensibly on the course as the rivals of this me- tropolis, mnet toe the specie mark also, or give up sll share in the trade. What will be the conmquences remains to be seen, It wae the reck!*es competition of these cities and the rot ten) orgrowth of their mushroom merchants tha vated all our late disorders, The oo more clear, and the race is wt ain. ow York leads the heat as vowel and the ten or fifteen rival metropotises, be onthe track ama grand finsn To WAL Srreet.—We give in another part of today’s Heraxp the decision of the general term of the Superior Court upon the pleadings in a libel suit brought against the editor and proprietor of this journal by Wesley, the prin- cipal proprietor and manager of a stockjob- bing journal in this city. The libel suit is founded upon certain statements relative to the plaintiff’s operations in Wall street. The case went from the special term on appeal upona point of law, and the decision of tite special term is sustained in part by the general term. When the trial of this case comes on it will develope many curious features in the charac- ter and extent of the stock gambling operations and currency doctrines of the philosophers of Wall street. Wesley was one of these stock- jobbers and currency doctors; while at the same time he was the principal proprietor and manager of an obscure apd ignorant journal in this city, known by the name of the Times. At about the same period that he commenced this suit several other railway financiers and bank speculators commenced actions for alleged li- bels in the Heraup, All these suits have been abandoned by the persons who brought them. Wesley is left alone. He has broken down in his stock operations in Wall street, and he intends to make us pay the damages he has sustained, if he can find a jury to say #0. The trial of this action will bring out some rich disclosures as to the way in which they manage things in Wall street. We shall sub- poena as witnesses all the members of the Board of Brokers, and put them on their oaths, ena- bling them to tell the public all the ups and downs, ins and outs, highways, byways and crooked ways in the management of stock ope- rations in Wall street. We shall also subpoena the Lelands, of the Metropolitan Hotel, and certain other parties in Broadway and Wall street, to tell what they know as to the doctor- ing of the currency by the establishment of banks at different places in the country, and is- suing great floods of paper for circulation from this point. This trial will furnish us with the means of letting in a little more light upon the causes of the recent financial revulsion and modus operandi of Wall street stock gambling and currency doctoring. We therefore call upon the whole Board of Brokers to get ready for the trial—to burnish their memories and brighten up their reminis- cencee, so that they will be able to tell us all about the transactions in Wall street for the past six or seven years; then we may be able to give the people a little more light upon the recent panic and revulsion than they can gain from the blundering debates of the poor ignorant Con- gressmen. THE LATEST NEWS. Important from Washington. NEWS FROM KANSAS—THE OUTRAGES OF THE FREE STATE MEN AT PORT SCOTT—ARRIVAL OF OBO. N. SANDERS—IHIS OPINION OF THE CONDITION OF AF- FAIRS, ETO. Wasuneton, Deo. 26, 1857. Letters were to-day received at the State Department from Chief Justice Williams, of Kansas Territory, giving a detailed account of disturbances which have taken place in the vicinity of Fort Scott, He says:— Authentic information, verified by the oaths of most creditable witnesses, has been brought to-day to Governor Stanton, that a body of men, fully armed and equipped with Sharp's rif_les and revolvers, to the number of one hundred, had appeared in the viciaity of Fort Scott, under the command of one Montgomery, who was a member of the Topeka Convention. is Company. or a portion of it, roceeded to the houses of Messrs. Wasson Gourly and uthwood, and violently seized them, tied them, and took them away, since which time nothing has been heard of them. A report is abroad that they murdered them. This, however, I think lacks authenticity, Complaint in due form of !aw having been made of these acts before a Justice of the Peace, the proper process was pat into the hans of the Marshal to arrest the offenders. He pro ceeded to their rendezvous in Southwoodt's house, found it fortified, and as he approached it fifty men armed with s rifles and revolvers came forth from the house in aney order, commanded by Montgomery, and do- manded of him an account of his business there.’ Having informed them that he was the Marshal, and that he had come to arrest them, or some of them, by virtue of I process, their reply was that they had received a de- spatch from James H. Lane that the Legislature now in session had repealed al! the laws of this Tearitory, and that ve were their own law makers and execu tore ; erelore they would not permit any ar rests’ to be made, and that he might leave. Finding their determination to resist him, and knowing that he alonecould not withstand the force opposed to him, be left them and returned to Fort Scott. Thus stunds the affair, as far as heard from. Now, these men nly profess to be organized aud sent to Fort Soott and vicinity by Geu. Lane. As they opealy aud boldly swear they will burn Fort Scott, the citizens of that place are age 4 besieged and obliged to be on duty day and night, while in the country around the people by families are flying from their homes, leaving their property exposed to the depredations of these lawless men. The above are substantially facts, as they are well au- thenticated. Yours, truly, 1’ WILLIAMS. George N. Sanders arrived here today, direct from Kansas. He represents the condition of affairs to be de- plorable. Nothing has been received by the administra. tion from Gen. Denver or of the election on the 2ist inst. THE GENERAL NEWAPAPER DRSP ATO Wasminctos, Dec, 26, 1857. The War Department this morning received despatches confirmatory of previous advices, that all the troops of the Utah expedition have concentrated near Fort Bridger, in © comparatively comfortable condition. The report of adverses to the Fifth Infantry from the Mormons is untrue. The vacant lands heretofore withdrawn from sale or entry outside of six miles on each side of the lands granted to lowa in 1856 for railroad purposes having been released, they will be restored to private entry at the several land offices in that State on the 15th of February Important from Mexico, ANOTHER REVOLUTIONARY OUTBREAK—PRONUNG! \- MIENTO AGAINST PRESIDENT COMONFORT—PROG Rss OF THE REVOLT IN YUCATAN. New Ontxans, Doo. 25, 1 The steamship Tennessee has arrived here with dates from the city of Mexico to the 17th inst. Another revolution broke out on the 10th inst. The garrison at Tacuyba bad pronounced against the dissoly- ing of the Congress, the overthrowing of the constitution, and the declaring of Comonfort Dictator. Vera Cruz fol- lowed the example, and it was expected the rest of the ‘States would also do so. Later accounts from Yucatan state that the reactionists had captured Bisel, which again was retaken by the go- vernment troops. The Anglo-Saxon Outward Bound. Portiann, Me., Dec. 26, 1857. The steamship Anglo Saxon sailed from here a quarter past two o'clock this afternoon for Liverpool. Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. Puitapenenia, Dec. 26, 1967. Stocks dull, Pennsylvania 6's, 84; Pennsylvania Rail road, 38%; Reading Railroad, 27%; Morris Canal, 43 Long Island Railroad, 936. — Police Intelligence. Mining PREPARATIONS FOR New Year’s.—Michael Sulli | van was brought before Justice Welsh, at the Lower Po lee Court, on a charge of having burglariously entered the poultry store of W. I. Hall, No. 124 Broad stroet, and stolen therefrom five turkeys, valued at $6. The accused, it ts alleged, broke through the font door of the store by puchipa in one of the panels, and then betpea himself t Be of the best turkeys he could lay his hands on. Po liceman Kirly, of tho First precinct, caught the prisone aa be was leaving the store. The magistrate committed Michael for trial ony arene. Fhe@rw ay Romery ow Lowe Ieasp,—On Christmas eve, while Capt. William Bauleier, of the steamboat Golden Gate, and two friends named J. D. Newton and William How, were ridfig on the Brooklyn and Aamaica plank road, they wore stopped by thres highwaymen, who prc kented pistols to their breasts and demande! ‘heir m idnness of the attack and the form’ able ap apous of the robbers, tntimilated the tent that they were noah. to offer apy therefore allowed therasolves to he it thirty five doliars in money ard & rood | prottion of their jewelry, when, withowt furtler moleste t Wey were allywed Qo proceed om the’ journey v ‘The Proposed Territory of Arizona, Tho following abstract of Lieutenant Mowry’s memes of the Territory of Arisona—which ia to be prosonted te Congreas on tho application of the people of the Territorg —will be read with much interest at thia particular time. It contains, as will be seen, much valuable information in regard to the nature and resources of a country for which we paid ten millions of dollars, but more especially be- cause the President in his message particularly calls the attention of Congress to Arizona, in recommending the organization of a Territorial government, ana for the com- struction of @ railroad to connect California with tho Atlantic States through it, Lieutenant Mowry will present this memoir to Congress at tho earliest day possible, and expects to be admitied as the delegute of Arizona, agreeable to the election of the people who have sent him. The new Territory of Arizona, better known as the Gadaden purchase, lies between the thirty-first and thirty- third parallels of latitude, and is bounded on the north by the Gila river, which separates it from the Territory ef New Mexico; on the east by the Rio Bravo dol Nore, (Rio Graade,) which separates it from Texas; om the south by Chihuahua and Sonora, Mexican provinces; and on the weat by the Colorado River of the West, which separates it frem Upper and Lower California. This great region is six hundred miles long by about fifty milos wide, and embraces an area of about thirty thousand square miles. It was acquired by purchase from Moxico, during tho miseion of General Gadadong at a cost of ten millions of dollars. In the original treaty, as negotiated by General Gadsden, a more soujhern boundary than the one adopted by the Senate of the United States im confirming the treaty, Was conceded by Santa Anna. The proposed boundaries of the Territory of Arizona are tho thirty-fourth parallel of latitude, with New Mexico on the north, from the 103d meridian west to the Colorada; Texas on the east; Texas and the Mexican provinces of New Mexico and Sonora on the south, and California oo the west. Tho new Territory would thus contain within its borders tho three largest rivers on the continent west of the Mississippi—the Rio Grande, Gila, and Colorado of the West, and embrace 90,000 square miles. ‘The Gadsden purchase is attached by act of Congress to the Territory of New Moxico. At the time of its aoquisi- tion there was scarcely any population except a fow soat- tering Mexicans in the Mesilla valley, and at the old town of Tucson, in the centre of the territory. The Apache In- dian, superior in strength to the Mexican, had gradually extirpated every trace of civilization, and roamed unin- terrupted and unmelested, sole possessor of what wis once a thriving and populous Spanish province. ‘The missions and settlements established by the Jeauits aud Spaniards were repeatedly destroyed by the Apaches, and the priests and settlers massacred or driven off. As often were they re-established. The Indians, at length, thoroughly aroused by the cruelties of the Spaniards, by whom they were deprived of their liberty, forced to labor in the silver mines with inadequate food, and barbarously treated, finally rose, joined with tribes who had never been subdued, and gradually drove out or massacred their oppressors. Every exploration within the past few years has con- firmed the statements of the ancient records in regard to the mineral wealth of the Territory. The testimony of living Mexicans, and the tradition of the country, all tead to the same end. Col. A. B. Gray, Col. Emory, Lieutenant Michlor, Lieutenant Parke, the Hon. John R. Bartlett, late of the United States Boundary Commission, all agree in the statement that the Territory has immense resources in silver and copper. Col. Emory says, in his report. — On account of the gold mania in California I kept the searob for gold and other precious metala as much out of view aa scarcely allowing it to be a matter of conversation of acthal search. Yet enough was ascertained that the whole region was teeming with the pre . We everywhere saw the remains of mining operauions conducted by the Spaniards, aud more receutly by the Mexicans, The agricultural resources of Arizona are sufficient to sustain a large mining » and afford abundant supplies for the great immigration which will follow the developement of its mineral resources. The whole valley of the Gila, more than four hundred miles in , Caan be made, with proper exertion, to yield plentiful crops. The Pimos Indians, who live in villages on the Gila, ons hundred and seventy miles from its mouth, raise large crops of cotton, wheat and corn, and have for years sup plied the thousands of emigrauts who traverse the Terri- tory en route to Califernia. A town will probabiy up Just above the Pimos villages, as there is a rich country, and the streams aiford & valuable water power for running mills. The valley of the Santa Cruz traverses the Territory from south to north, sinking near the town ot Tacson, and probably finding its way to the Gila, as a subterranean stream. This valley, of the richest land, is about one hun dred miles long, in many places of great width, and has on each side of it many rich valleys of limited extent, watered b; the Santa streams from the mountains, which flow into . The valleys and ranches of Arivaca, So pori, Calabazas_and Tucson, are those at present most thickly settled” These produce all the fruits known to « southern clime—grapes, Wheat, corn. and cotton in great abundance. The San Pedro river valley is also one of ap richness, and is reported by Lieut. Parke as capa- le of sustaining a large population. The Valle de Sauz, still farther east, more limited than the San Pedro or Santa Cruz,can be made available for # cousiderable popalatioa. ‘The Mimbres river also can, by a small out- ay, be made to irrigate a large surface and supply a mo- derate settlement. The various springs laid down by Gray, Emory, Parke and Bartlett will all afford water for stnall settlements, and their eaaat fy be much increased by a judicious outlay of money. The Rio Grande valley is very rich, and in places of great width. The Mesilla val- ley already contains a population of about five thousaud fouls, and there is ample room for many more. The greater Portion of the lands on the Santa Cruz amd San are covered oe titles—and many of these again by squatter claims. It is absolutely neces- sary that Congress should by some wise and speedy legis. lation settle, upon gome definite basis, the laud titles of Arizova, Until ‘ dove disorder aud anarchy will reign supreme over the country. yield of the silver mines of Mexico, as computed by Ward and Humboldt, from the actual official returns to the government, from the eonquest to 1803, amounts to the San sum of $2,027,955 ,000, or more than two billions of dollars. No protection, either civil or military, is extended over the greater portion of Arizona, This checks the develope- ment of all hor resources—not only to her ewn injury, but that of California and the Atlantic States—by wi holding a market for their productions, and the bullion which abe ia fully able to supply to an extent correspond- ing to the labor employed in obtaining it. he population of the new Territory of Arizona is at preseut not far from eight thousand, and is rapidly in creasing. The Mesilla Valley and the Rio Grande are pro bably the most thickly populated, containing about five thousand people. A majori H of the Mesilla ighabitants are Mexicans, but they will be controlled by the Ameri can residents, whose number and influence are constantly ou the increase. The Santa Cruz Valley, in which are situated the towns of Tucson, Tubac, Tamacacari, and the mining settlement of and others, is, next to Mesilla, the most thickly settled. Tucson was formerly a town of three thousand. imhabitants; but the majority have been driven off by the Apache Indians. It is fast becoming @ thriving American town, and will before long be a place of more importance than ever before. Real catate is already held at high rates, and the erection of buildings shows that American energy is about to chango the face of the last halfcentury. Tubac had been completely desert- ed by the Mexicans. It has been re-occupied by the Sono. ra Exploring and Mining Company ,and now boasts a popu lation of several hundred. The Calabazas valley Seo fast filling up with an American population, aud another year will see the whole centre of the Territory dotted With settlements. Many of the fine claims on the San Pedro river have already been located by emigrants under the general pre-emption law, but until protection is afforded to the settlers but little progress will be made in agricultural pursuits, The Apache Indian rogarda the soi as his own, aod having expelled the Spanish and Mexcan invader, he feels little inclination to submit to the Ameri- can. A sinall settlement of Americans i¢ growing up at Colorado city, opposite Fort Yuma, at the junction of the Gla and Colorado rivers. This point is destined to be one of great commercial and pecuniary iny Situated at the present bead of navigation, at the point where the overland mail route crosses the Colorado, and where the Southern Pacific Railroad must bridge the stream, it a « ng place for all travel across the country. Here are transhi all the ores coming from the Terr tory, which find their way to market down the Colorado to the Gulf of Californings by steamer or sailing vee- sei to their destination. Here all supplies of merchamtine for the Terrifory are landed, and from this point forward. ed to their various owners. A thriving commerce hae already eprung up between Arizona and San Francisco, Tn almost any be fy in San Francisco may be seen vessels atvertiond lor the mouth of the Golorado, Two steamers find active employment in tr - ment stores from the head of the Gulf of Californ: ‘io Fort Yuma, and goods to Colorado city for the merchants of Tuceon, Tubac, Calabaras, and for the mining companies. The Mormon war has closed for Fears the great em! rom to California and Cregon over the South Pass Jake valley, leaving open only the route along the 324 ralle! of latitude, through Arizona. This route is by far most practicable at all seasons of the year, and closing of the South Pass route by the Mormon difficul i# an additional and argent argument in favor of early organization of this Teerhery. Fifty thousand souls rly in tl neceasary «1 i will move towards the Pacific eat he spring, if the is opened to a secure passage, dition of Arizona Territory ia d Thronghout the whole country there is no redress for crimes or civil injuries; no ‘opurta, no law, bo Magistrates, The Territory of lexieo, te whieh it fs attached by an act of Congress, affords it nel- ther protection nor sustenance. The establishment of a firm government in Arizona will extend the protection of the United States over American citizens resident in the adjoining Mexican provinces. Thi protection i# most urgently demanded. Englishmen in Sonora enjoy not only perfect immunity in the pursuit of business, but also encouragement. Americans are robbed openly by Mexican officials, insulted, throwa into prisom, and sometimes put to death. No redress is ever demand: ed or recewed, This state of things has so long existed that the name of American bas become a by word and a reproach in Northern Mexico, and the people of that frontier believa either the power nor the inclination to pra tizens, The influence of a Terrioral xov the tide of Americnn emigration whut wilt surely follow it, must entirely chapge the wne and tom. per of these Mexican Stat Fare Parne Coroner Gamble ty est yeeterday 6 Washington ql ody of a man named James Turne forts of injaries . Aepitental kar y