The New York Herald Newspaper, December 27, 1857, Page 3

FAIRS IN EUROPE. @ur London Correspondence. Lonpon, Dec. 8, 1857. atin by Parkament of the Recent Infringe- of the Bank Charter—Necessity af a Tho- Inquiry into the Causes of Commercial Re- s—Course of the New York HERALD and uence of the Bank Parlor—The Thea- irc., &e. ment met on Thursday last, Dec. 3, three before ts usual time, and the motive of this re convocation was to pass a bill of indem- he Bank of England for violating ita charter, e entire acquiescence of the government. jit ia the ministers who require absolution at de of Pariament, for allowing the bank to its charter. It is hardly necessary to in- har commercial readers, I suppose, that the ‘harter of the bank was the work of the late el, and was passed in 1844. The main fea- his act was to restrain the issue of paper to millions sterling beyond the bullion in re- n the crisis of 1847, only three years after- his limitation was exceeded, and Parliament i the illegality, with the sanction of Sir R. gain, in the recent panic, the same irregu- 8 been repeated, and Parliament is again to legalize it. Sensible people are now ip- inquire whether it is not better to make a er altogether than to be constantly patch he obvions defects of the old one. This is question béfore Parliament and the country nk charter a4 perfect a thing as human wis- make it, and the government be au- hereafter to allow the bank, on emergencies, é ita issues, or shall some new clause be jetailing the circumstances when this shall ce? This, 1 repeat, is the immediate ques- the day. But there are other mighty pro- lonnected with the financial question that pad bytes of Le cha 5 sudden tremendous explosions in the Fial world, whtth begin in one hemisphere ¢ the other to its foundations, are naturally ia, attract the attention of all thinking e evil is getting worse than the pests, the tions and the famines of the olden time, for fictions were generally confined to certain » Whilst this monster nuisance of panics el} nigh universal in its visitations. It may panics are as necessary to the commer- as lightning isto the natural one, and p only check or cure on the mania for lon ix the recurrence of these destructive that prevent joint stock companies under- hilroads to the moon, at least, selling stock, These disasters may certainly be lessened ous laws, and the legislation of the United id England shon!d be seriously directed to the creation of bank paper representing only alent designs of incorporated rogues and , neither more nor less, urse of the New York Henan, in writing against the efforts of speculators to inflate enrich themselves at the expense the ‘ity at large, is deserving of all praise. It no small courage on the part of a journalist up alone against the combined action of un- us stockdealers, who not only suborn the i frequently lead public opinion captive till ent of reflection and repentance comes. The nx HERALD has set @ good example, and is o the thanks of the legitimate trader. eth the London Times begins to see it | ts own interests and its mission of an inde- journal, by identifying itself too much with world. Within a week or so its yery able editor, Mr. B. Sampson, has been allowed to stricted, his skilful and accomplished pen, shown no quarter to fraud, ignorance or on, no matter what the position of the delin- Only yesterday he caught no less_a person- the Chancellor of the Exchequer in the ¢ of a glaring absurdity in a financial state- \d he administered him sach a dose as must tim éo the’ jeers of the House of Commons sarcasm of the public. Journals like the ere and the Heraup in New York may do mitigate panics, if they cannot prevent In is a deal more lively than asual at this on. The sudden irraption of honorable is a god-send to the clubs, lodging houses tres, to say nothing of the nbiquitous cabs, piling echoes are beard the night long. incipal attractions just now in the way of nts are the concerts given at Her Majesty's as the Opera House is called. These con- vocal and instramental, and Jullien, the 1d, is employed as leader of an unrivalled or- These concerts are got °P thongh no one bws it, by the inextinguishable lessee of Her 's theatre, Mr. Lumley, who, though a lawyer sxion, made $500,000 in opera in four years, in four more, and is now recovering it n ever, Our Paris Correspondence. Panis, Dec. 3, 1857. Inniversary of the Coup d’Etat—Souvenira t Historical Epoch—E-ffect of the Financial a3 of France on the Prospects of the Present Diminished Cordiality of the Englith h Alliance— The Works in the Bois de The Sardinian Elections—The Thea- day being thesixth anntversary of the memo- ip d'état, the more intimate partisans of the those who are already fattening on the plun- bh was the natural consequence of that success- ation, and those who are hoping for sach good they believe their Imperial providence to store for them—celebrated it by re-unions of ‘inds. Some of the Ministers invited their lends to a decorous carousal at their private ; the ladies gave balls and concerts; the , especially the higher grades, donned their had special bangnets; but all was done, as sub rosa. There was no vaunting, no boast- being understood that the Imperial wish was ny display; and the prees—ever obedient to d which is suspended over it—preserved a silence, It happened, however, that it was -second anniversary of the victory of Auster- banquets and balls, nominally held in honor swered all the purpose of commemorating of more recent date, and the material inte- hich was infinitely more palpable. not be denied, despite the repagnance one to give credit to an att so utterly unprinci- that of the coup d’état of December, 1851, a constitutional or republican form of go- ht at this moment to be set up in its place, it ind France in a far'more orderly fashion than expulsion of Louis Philippe in 1848. We, e eye witnesses to the whole of that scene, litical drama which swept away the rump of iblic, cannot but recall to ourselves the fears predictions of Frenchmen at that period, rast them with the elevated tone now as- ‘hen speaking of the rights and influence of Who can forget that memorable morning— h the mist of a December fog—when the it, pale and livid, but with compressed lip, an ready to encounter the executioner’s axe, it from under the gateway of the Palais b with a mall but devoted band of followers ? bourg was densely crowded, for it was wn- that he intended to show himself and ride Place de la Concorde, which was covered ops of all arms, like a battle ground; but ere the sinister expressions that met the ear, He will be a corpse before his horse has him ten paces;” “He dare not show himself; nt, let him die,” &e.,&e. And we, as d at him with strained and eager vision, did pect to see him fall from his saddle, the vic- bme recreant shot or fanatical blade; and we d since from those who have the closest re- with the Emperor that, while having the faith in his destiny, his mind was on that le up to meet the worst. Well, all the bf December 2, 1951, its excitement and fore- , are now matter of Faget A Six years have way, and the capital in which they occurred wolutely transformed, so mach so that Philippe be resuscitated he would hardly 8 own again. In place of hearing from of every itinerant politician—and in those ix name was legion—the bitter lament that “dart perdue,” you now hear them speak in whatever may be ita qualifications—very from that. Give the Bmper , they say, dit at all eventa, that his policy has rescued from the lowest point of degradation, and her at the very head of Barope; and however ital to freedom his internal administration deur of his external policy is indisputable. questionably no mean item in that page of, which cannot fail to be allotted to him, that, dof six years, so much should be granted this respect the character of Cromwell may to be his prototype. He is now in one of hases of his career when the game is more ally desperate. The financial crisis, wh ne feels to be impending, and which moy NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, DECEMBER 27,. 1857. other, at the present ordinary disposition the debates are buried—the Saitering tone of syco- phancy pervading all officials—the utter absence of anything like jife and sti?in this pigmy couneil of the nation—its despicable subserviency as the mere tool of despotism—is now a language that meets uu at every turn, and expressions familiar as house- old words are used, that are not the less from being only heard in muttered whispers. The Emperor himself speaks cheerily of the ot of affairs, and takes every opportunity of d 90. The other day,on being spoken to by one of his intimates as to when he purposed celebrating his coronation, his Majesty answered: —‘T asked for ten years trial on the 2d of December, 1851, and I shall hot think myself worthy of the sanctity of a coro- nation till my state of probation has been cemplete.” A beautiful bronze medal in commemorat of the Queen’s visit to the Great Paris Exhibition of 1855, has just been struck at the mint, and is to be bought for six francs. The obverse displays the pro- file of her Majesty from the chisel of the eminent sculptor, Gayrard, with the legend:— ee enorarerer ee ‘Vicrow, D. G., BOLRNNRARUM REGINA. : ravcnnnenee scene ge: dovereoees. —And the reverse bears the inscription:— Queecaeerevacaveceversearoerese re 3 _Victricium remorum icto fondere, fidenter lran- corum socia artes orbis universi Lutet. Paris pling conspa, Expositas constanté imperatori innist. a uboouLy NOMEN OES. Notwithstanding these external marks of good will, it is certain that the relations of France and England are much less cordia! than at the period which the above mentioned medal commemorates. The Danubian Principalities, the meeting at Wei- mer, the evesdroppings of that interview between the Emperors of France and Russia, and last, not least, the peculiar Russian tone of Count de Mor- ny’s address to the Legislative body, have all had a very sinister influence, and nothing is more probable than that England may find‘to her cost that the Eastern policy, wise as it may have been for Napo- leon, was anything but a good one for herself. So many Americans have made Parisof late years their residence that it will be interesting to hear, that in the transformation and improvement of the Bois de Boulogne a large quantity of laborers is con- stantly employed. The works on theBoulevard, ran- ning along the banks of the river between the bridges of St, Cloud and Suresne, are being executed with great activity. The plain of the race ground is be- ing vianted with trees, so. as to mark the hagateile. ‘The long straight alleys of Reine Marguerite and of Longehamps are being ornamented; and winding rivulets ave being formed in the part of the bois near Neuiliy, it being the intention to form those pieces of wa in that direction. A smal! plantation of cedars which has hitherto been almost hid from view, near the Porte des Sablons, will be laid open, and the ground on which they stand is to he converted into a smal! island, surrounded by the water supplied by the rivalets above mentioned. A considerable ii creage has also been made in the underground chan- nels used in conveying water for purposes of irriga- tion, which will have an extent of forty-eight miles. ‘The new lodge and iron railings at_ the entrance of the Bois are all terminated. The city of Paris has also in course of construction an immense ice house, near La Muette, 1t is inthe form of a parallelogram, seventy yards long, by forty broad, and of a propor- tionate depth. It is intended to receive ice from the lakes and rivers in the Bois, and will contain not less thar ten million of killogrammes. These works are to be campleted in April. Much interest here has been attached to the Sardinian elections, The entire pee has had gome- thing to say about them—the Déhbats seeing in them a triumph of liberalism; the Univers, on the con- trary, claiming a victory for conservatives, and the Siéele congratulating itself om an advantage on the side of more extreme changes, The elections would in fact appear to stand precisely thus:—Minis- terial deputies, $0; right centre, 37; extreme rat, 48 (the two together, 85); left, 30; extreme left, 8 (the two together, 34); total, 203, which is the number of elections now known. It appears, then, that the C ber is divided into five sections, and that the Ministerial section is numerically the strongest. Itcannot be denied, however, that the fact of 85 seats having been obtained by the various shades of the right, isan event which gives the Ca- tholic an influence which it did not the pi i Legislature. . Piedmontese liberalism, nevertheless, from the mést moderate to the most ardent, may Ly oot votes to the 85 of theright, and the Siée/e ol that inasmuch as the govern- ment cannot be carried on with only 80 votes, inst which, under given circumstances, a combination of 128 votes might be made, it must necessarily look for support —— the 30 votes of (the extreme radical.) The semi-official Pays, how- ever, cautions Sardinia to beware, and that for the Italian question there are nothing but rocks and quicksands ahead if it repudiates the evident re- action in favor of the Catholics. Mile. de Wilhorst, an American lady of fortane, the left centre | has been making her a] ce at the Italians as the sprightly widow o' ge Mario is Er- nesta, Malle. Piccolimini, M. Giuglini, and a few others of the Italians, are still in Germany. The Emperor is particularly constant in his at- ¢ at the various theatres just now. Paris, for ime of year, has comparatively few visiters. Everything, in fact, is particularly dull. Panis, Dec. 10, 1857. Bighth Annwersary of the Emperor's Electton— The Commercial Criss—Foreigners in Paris— The Poles and Napoleon—M'le. Rachel—The Massucres in India~ The Crinolines, &e. This I believe is the eighth anniversary of the Emperor's election to the Chief Magistracy of France, though the title in 1849 was a somewhat Jeas pompous one than in 1857. There were break- ers ahead in those days, and it cannot be said that the imperial course at present is free from peril. Perhaps of all the several interferences that have,oc. curred to journalism, under the present regimé, none has been felt so keenly by the publig as the tecent devree which silences the Presse for two months. It is an evening paper of the most extensive circula- tion—a sort of Hera. in its way—longo intervaleo; put always conducted with great talent anf regarded universally as the organ of a very large section of public opinion. The offending article was, anques- tionably, in the present days of pension journalism in France,a very strong one; such a one as has not made its appearance since the coup d'etat; but it may be really doubted whether anything like its present effect. would have been prodnced had the authorities left it unnoticed. It is said, and said rightly, that unless there had been real cause for alarm in high places, a measure of such extremity would not have been resorted to; but the question is, whether mat- ters have not been aggravated by doing so. It is currently reported that M. Peyrat, the writer of the guilty article, will be immediately bronght forward by the popular party as a candidate for one of the Paris representations in the Legislative body. The refusal of Carnot and Goudchaux to take the oaths necessitates a new election, and the substitution of Peyrat’s name for one of the repudiating members would be o great card in the present po litical game. Then there is Count Migeon’s business, of which you have already heard so much and which promises continued embarrassment to the govern- ment, for there ia little donbt that his re-election is to be carried by an overwhelming majority. Added to which, the disgraceful conduct of M. Segas—a depnty elect and a nominee of the government— which proved even too much for a packed jury of the authorities, In the midst of all, the words of M. Ollivier, the popular deputy of Paris, who, together with M. Derimon, has swallowed the required oath are echoing throughout the length and breadth of the land. He had oxsayed to call the attention of the Legislative body to the conduct of this said go- vernment norfiinee and the resignation which had enabled bim to escape condemnation, but was per emptorily forbidden to speak by Count de Morny the president, and sat down therefore, exclaiming with great bitterness that it was useless for him ‘ contend with 200 deputies sworn to put him down It is quite true that the commercial crisis here, present, bears no comparison with whatis now going on in other co , aol the numermne failures which from time to time are gazetted are of such utter insignificance as to provoke a smile when one’s head is full of the crash of countless millions; but we have every reason to dread that these are bat the smal! drops h indicate thé distant tempest. At Lyons, at Rouen, at Lille, and many other great con: mercial marta, it requires the greatest exertion and art of the authoriti eventyhe | 2 on the p distress that is felt taking a demonstrative form. Hands, wherever it is possible, are not turned off, |, but the time they are employed is so limited that without pecuni aid afforded by the officials, and which, under the existing system rf centralizing all power im the executive, can be afforded in a man- ner unknown to few countries, they could not In fact, notwithstanding the approach of Christmas, when it is usual for large orders to be received from Paris for the coming year, these are 60 it that one very large source of pricy boar The sily prevailing ress in hoe gr merica, general v yu continent ef Europe, interferes go from abroad; in truth next to none are received, and there are signs that the winter, which has been slow to make its epproani, will, when it does come, prove a severe one. Paris, too, is grievously moody and dissatisfied. Never was £0 little business doing. The hotels are all comparatively empty. Even the Lonvre—the leviathan—-which makes up from 800 to 1,000 beds oy ht, has only ati rs within its walle, and many of the first class hotels have abso- lately nothing for their employés to do. The Ame- ricans, who were scarcely second to the Russians in the freedom with which they parted with their cash, are almost all gone, and the few that remain are so hampered in their means as to render their custom a thing to be avoided rather than desired. In fact there have been some cases of suchjterrible distress caused by the failure of remittances, that but for the charity of well disposed individuals the parties must have starved. In the midst of this, the following advertisement, inserted in Galignani's Messenger, reads ominously: “To Americans.—-It is confidently expected that the American chapel in the Rue de Berri will be completed on the 12th instant, at which time a payment of 15,000 francs will be due. If this cannot be promptly met, possession of the buildin, will not be given. “The appeal made for raising thi som to the few Ame: who were present at the Chapel Traitbout was met by a generous response in the subscription of 8,500 franes, and it is to be sin- cerely he that those Americans who have not yet contribnted to this national eaterprise will cheerfully aid in making up the required sum by sending their subscriptions.” The chapel unfortu- nately was begun when times were “flush,” and it is terminated when people are thinking that to“ watch” as well a8 8s ” js their bounden duty, and that the last in troublous times may be done ‘after a less expensive fashion than in a ble sanctuary. It is curioys to observe how the new fled 1d desire to raise a “national chapel” has entailed mischief on ail sides. First, it was the American offer of £9,000 for the English proprietary chapel in the Rue d’ Agues- sau that induced the government to lay their hands on it, and as the Parliament refuses to sanction the contract, the chapel is closed, while troops of the faithfal, on the Lord’s day, wander about the streets seeking for the gates of a temple. And next, there was this erection in the Rue de Berri, at a cost of some £10,000, for which it seems the money cannot now be provided. Paris is generally well supplied with samples of the particular costumes of all nations, and it is reall: one of the most pleasing feat on its broad pave. Amid the stoned palaces, on foot, on horseback, or careering along in a painted equipage, may be seen the denizens of all nations, sometimes in motley groupes, and occasionally provoking a well bred glance of curiosity, hut all in a great di e adding to the animation of the scene. ‘Turk, Greek, Per- sian, Chinaman, Spaniard and Moor—there they are, cheek by jow}, sitting down together, hob and nob- | bing, as if the millennium bad already arrived, and the lion and the lamb might sa-ely eat from the same latter. As a small variety, we have had for the last ten days a crew of Russian sailors, from a Rus- sian frigate now lying off Brest; and more from the relation in which the two countries have lately stood to each other than to any gfeat peculiarity in their uniform, they are followed about with greater curiosity than any strangers since the Bedouins first made their appearance. Some of the officers were present when Prince Czartoryska late- y addressed the Poles and adverted to the fact “that the Emperor Napoleon had determined, if the Rus- sian war had continued, to raise the standard of Po- lish independence,” a ere of information which they received with all possible complaisance. There is evidently a determination on the part of the French government to take an active part against China. The Constitutionnel has for some time past been harping upon the manner in which the Chinese have broken the treaty negotiated fifteen years ago, by M. Lagrinée, for the protection of Christians in the Chinese Empire, and referring to the murder of the French missionary as an act calling for condign ge ype hg has hitherto only been dela} for the convenience of the offended State. It is known that 500 artillerymen have just been put on board a man-of-war at Toulon bound fer a long voyage. General Todtleben, the well known Russian Gene- ral, fell from his horse recently at Wiesbaden and broke his arm. ‘The physician of Mile. Rachel, at le Cornet, has bli a bulletin dated the 5th, which states at the intermittent fever under which she had been suffering has yielded to the effect of quinine; that the ripe Jung was cured and the left one much better; and that though danger still existed, it was declining every day. There is a tone of considerable bitterness pervad- ing French society in relation to what is termed the Indian massacres, and, trath to say, others be- side the French are beginning to say that this con- tinnal blowing from guns, hanging, fusilading, &c., in cold blood, is im danger of defeating its object and causing a sympathy to exist to- wards barbarians when a very different feeling wonld otherwise have prevail Even the Siecle, which seldom loses an opportunity of putting in a word for England, says: “We do not the itish canse can gain ay these executions. The family of the King of Delhi did not take in the massacres which marked the invasion of the town by the sepoys. The descendants of Akbar and of Aureng-Saib were placed on an ephemeral throne and fought loyally. If bn petene a punishment, it should have been inflic according to the ex- pression of Lord Palmerston, “in a spirit of severit: and not of ven; ce.” Tt is indeed to be h »that the Indian difficulty will soon take such a favor: able turn as will render needless any further persist- ence in the terrible scenes that have lately filled all the columns of Continental journals; but tf, on the contrary, anything in the shape of disaster should arise—should the present success meet with a decided check, there will be such a general up- heaving of sentiment against England and English feieiar to, generally as cannot but be seriously pre- licial to her inflaence. England has few or no real friends. While prosperity or the chance of it prevails the unfriendliness may not appear, but woe to her on the day that fortune refuses her smiles. Since the days when Rome consented to pa tribute to buy off her barbarian invaders, such a rail as hers will never have been known. There is really a hope of the redaction of crinoline. The shops in Paris can no longer accommodate stand- ing room for their fair customers whenever two or three of them are gathered together. In the patis- siers about 2 o'clock this is especially evident, and many of those who come under the denomination of “sweet things to the sweet” are contented to devour their buns, patties and jellies outside the door that the iron of their under garments may not enter into the vitals of the more hirsute sex. Besides, every print shop is literally running over with cari- caturesot woman and her extremities—the bustle and the bonnet. Our St, Petersburg Correspondence. Sr. Perensnvre, Dec. 3, 1857. The Russian Mission to China—The Russian Pow sessions at the North—Important Scientific Expe- dition— Assassination of Prince Gagarin—The Commercial Crisis. Yesterday despatches arrived at the Admiralty and at the Chancellerie of Foreign Affairs from Count Putialin, the contents of which have not yet trans- pired, but which are reported to be favorable to the success of his mission. It will be recollected that the Count, after failing in an attempt to cross the Chine-e frontier at Mainatchen, had steamed down the Aiaoor to Nieolaievsk, and embarked there on board of the corvette America, with the intention of proceeding to the Gulf of Pe-che-li, and again claim- ing permission to present bis credentials to the mo- narch of the Flowery Kingdom. Arrived at the mouth of the Pei-ho, he was notified that he would have to perform a sort of quarantine while his “ pe- tition’ was forwarded to Pekin, to be laid before the Supreme Council of Mandarins, who, after due de- liberation, would report upon it to his Celestial jesty. As Count Putialin did not think it exactly suitable for the representative of the Emperor of Russia to wait like a beggar ot the threshold of the Chinese capital, in expectation of receiving permission to enter it, he spent the interval in making a trip to Japan, with the government of which he had concluded a treaty about three years since, and where he met witha most amicable and indeed cordial reception. He then returned to the Gulf of Pe-chei, touching en route at Shanghae, where our last advices left him. It is now stated that the despatches received from him yesterday by Grand Duke Constantine and Prince Gortschakoff, contained tite intelligence that the Court of Pekin had finally re‘nsed to allow him to continue His journey to that city. and that to avoid further importunity the Brother of the Sun and Moon had quitted bis capital, in the depth of au- tumn, and repaired to his summer residence in Mon- golia, Nothing official having been prtblished on the subject hitherto, | am unable to say whether thio rumor is founded io twuth, but from all we know of Chinese pigheadedness 1 should to want of ae a eae, Se Ba hee inh ae ton BA ne the ene lor H vg heard ve about’ the Indian diMeulty, the attribute not hoetiteen on y lieved Pyke ps a id eed ec bristled barbarians. “It Ys to this 1 feeling probabl that the ill success of Admiral Putialin’s mission owing, which, however, does not, as has been erro neously stated, refer to the cession of the territory on the Amoor. One Peon never having been ac- tually ocenpied by the Chinese, our government con- siders them as waste land, which belong de j de facto tothe first settlers, and to which Chi no legal title. It is not unlikely, to be sure, that Putialin was instracted to induce the Celestials to renounce whatever claims they Amoor territory, although such claims are not formally acknowledged by Russia, and bees the two empires have been for several years in constant cemmunication without China’s even urging them; but the chief object of his embassy was to ne- gotiate a commercial treaty on the same basis ax that concluded with Japan, opening all or a certain nam- ber of the Chinese ports to Russian commerce, and empowering this country to send i or resident Minister at the Court of the declining to entertain such pro} have on the sals would be a solid reason for issuing a declaration of war seems rather doubiful, and I rather think international law would answer such a question in the negative; but Vattel and Puffendorf have never been much con- sulted in thedealings of European nations with Ori- entals, That a resort to the uitima ratio ix contem- plated by thé Russian government is evident from the fact thasa squadron is now on its way to the Chinese seas, vhich, though not strong enough to take Canton, a sal to Pekin will be a welcome addition to the navaljforce collected in those waters by France and nd. The Morskoi Sbornik in- forms us that Captain Kuznetsoff, in command of the squadron j alluded to, was about leaving Brest after having been joined by the Askold steam pala which had been detained some days a Jopen| n, in consequence of her running agrouns in the Belt. : : Lieutenant General Mouravieff—the energetic and indefatigable Governor of Eastern Siberia—who ap- apears to be almost continually en route between the Amoor and St. Petersburg, from whence he took the opportunity last spring of making a trip to Paris, has been here again for the last few days, aud has frequent conferences with the Grand Duke Con- stantine. If the expected collision with the Celes- tials should lead to an attack upon them by land, this command will, doubtless, be entrusted to Moura- vieff, who has organized a corps of regalars and irre- gulars in the Trous-Baical province sufficient to oyer throw a whole host of Chinamen. In the meantime the Amoor is being gradually colonized, and numbers of vessels, almost exclusively American, are arriving at Nicolaievsk, which would have every prospect of becoming the great emporium of trade for North- eastern Asia, if, unfortunately, the severe frosts did not stop the navigation for at least six months toge- ther. Ayan, though situated several degrees to the north of iev has the advantage of the latter in this respect, as the Sea of Ochotsk, though often full of floating ice, is never entirely froze then there is no land carriage to Ayan exe the mountains, while Nicolaievsk is through the Amoor, with the whole interioy beria. A scientific expedition on an extensive seale is about to start 1 this city, under the auspices of the Russian Geog ical cgowet which may be ex- pected to add greatly to our knowledge of the i mense tract of kage ayy? lying between the Caspian and the confines of Affghanistan. Itis conducted by M. Hanikoff, formerly consu!-general at Tabreez, and generally known to the scientitic world by his Travels in B ra,” and other works on the geography and ethn@gy of Central Asia, acec ied by Profes- sor Bunge as naturalist, Goebet as geologist, and a numerous staff of savans aud officers of the Topographical and Mining Departments. The travellers will embark at Bakoo early in the spring for Astrabad, and proceed to Khorassan, Meshed and Herat; fron thence to Lake Hamoon, and up the river Helmesd—if possible, as far as Candahar— retorning a eg and Yezd to Ispahan. Part of that region being infested by roving hordes of fureo- mans, they will se attended by a military escort pro- vided by the Viceroy of the Caucasus, permission being asked and obtained of the Shah of Persia for them to pass threugh his dominions. Although this enterprise is ostensibly of a purely scientific charac- ter, it cannot be doubted that there are political ob- jects connected with it; at any rate, every step of the route between the ei and the British — sessions in the Tunjab Will basapiconds and a line traced for future. pees, in which the connaissance du pays acquired m this manner will! be of the highest importance. 1 donot know whether the British go- vernment will b¢ particularly delighted to see a Rus- sian expedition spproach so near their frontier, even in pacific guise; but a have themselves pushed forward reconmisances at various times to Khiva and other point on the outskirts of the Russian ter- ritory, they hare no right to complain. ‘The assassinstion of Prince Alexander Gagarin, Governor-General of Katais, by one of the petty chieftains of tint country, has caused a painful im- here. Among the districts to epaye pe | vince of K¢tais is the little principality or clan o! vetia, feed near the head waters of the Ingoor, the feudal loris of which are three brothers of the family of Dsdesh-kilian—Murzakan, Jansag, and Otar, Marzaxan or Constantine Dadesh-kilian was acaptain in the Nijni-Nevgorod regiment of dra- —_ and has always been considered a faithful ad- rent of Russa. Tt api that on being summoned to the pre- sence of the Governor-General, he suddenly threw himself upon him, stabbed him repeatedly with a stiletto, strackdown the Governor's secretary and an orderly oficer, who attempted to interpose, and was with difficulty seized by the sentinel, who inned him tqthe wall with his bayonet, What in- uced him & commit this crime has pot been satisfactorily xplained; the official version is that he was to tb arrested and conveyed to Tiflis to stond his trialfor another murder which he was accused; but lexpect he had received intimation of a design to cowert the sazeraiveté of Russia in Stavetia intoa direct sovereignty, and to incorpo- rate it with ow other possessions in the Cancasus— in short, an Onde affair on a small scale. Prince agarin, who has thus fallen a victim to the cen- tralizing tendncies of his government, was one of the most disinguished officers in the service, and commanded acolumn at the storming of K. he was so deperately wounded that his recov looked upon is little short of a miracle It is under- stood that General Kbrouleff, whose name was so often mentimed in the late Crimean campaign, wil! be appointedhis successor. The comnercial crisis which prevails throughout Enrope has Jad a depressing influence upon our mo- ney market though its effects are far from being so disastrous 1s in England and Germany, and espe- cially amogg onr neighbors the Swedes. The large quantities @ specie hought up here by the Bank of England ant otherforeign institutions have caused a considerabi¢ rise in the value of imperials,and the Minister of finance has been urged to prohibit any further expert, but bas declined hitherto to inter fere. One of our most reputable mercantile firms, Messrs. Shishkin & Co., suspended their payments a few days sitce. ‘The Treaty between the American Unton and {Translated ‘rom Le Journal des Debate, Parie, Deo. 8, for the New Youx Henarn ) We have republished from an American newspa- per the principal clauses of the treaty the govern- ment of the United States recently conclu with the republic of Nicaragua. The new version of that treaty, gwen by the New York Hewavp as authentic, differs ontwo points from that we published some days agofrom the same rv. There is wanting the clause which accords to the ment of the Union the right of immediately occupying the ‘Transit route across the Isthmus, in order to protect the free over that route in the case of Nica- ragua being unable to protect herself in consequence of a foreig: invasion, a civil war, or any other anal is circumstance. Neither do we observe the cla by virtue of which the government of the Ution engages itself to pursue the fili boster Waker and bring him back to the Uni- ted States. The second article of the new treaty only stipulates that the United States guarantee the protection ind neutrality of of the route which 4 to be established across the Isthmus and opened to all natiors on the same terms. But might not the United States be able to find tu this right of protec- tion, to be exercised by them over the Transit route across the lthmus, a pretext for occupying, at the first occasioa, one of the most important points for the commerce of the world? It is, as everybody | knows, tris ‘ight of superintendence and exclasive protection, dipulated by the new convention, to the profit of the United States, which provoked the re- clamations of the —- press, and in particular those of the Morning t. This paper took care to call to mind the fact that the Clayton-Balwer treaty had for its ebject to prevent England and the United States from acquiring new territory in Central Ame- rica, and from taking m which might give one of the other of these two Powers a right of exclusive sontrol over whatever interoceanic route might be established across the Isthinus of Panama. ¢ treaty entered into by the government of the United States with that of ‘the republic of Nicara gna, may, for this reason, be considered, accordiny to the Morning Post, as an infraction of the Clayton fore treaty. If the American government, says at paper. the right in future of sending troops to Nicaragua, in case of an invasion, civil war or any other extraordinary occasion, it will son ase this right for the purpose of srbitrarily interfering with the affairs of Central Ameri and the Morn- ing Port clearly enongh accuses: the Cabinet at Wushington of having favored the escape of Walker, in order to have an occasion for exercising the right granted by the new treaty. | * The incident, therefore, seems to be of such a na- ture as to complicate the differences for several mt existing between the United States and gland relative to Central America. How- ever, the confidential organ of Lord Palmerston very moch relies on the mission the English sovern- ment entrusted to Sir William Gore Ouseley for smoothing all the difficnities still ponding between the two countries, and for as#uring to England the enjoyment of the privileges the treaty in question might have granted to the United States or any other Power. | It indulges in the hope vhat the two zovern- ments will be able to come nee understanding for estublivhinga strong and regular adminis tation over the whole extent of the Isthmuy, by protecting the liberty of transit ou the prslectad canal, Which is to join the two oceans and to open a shorter commani- cation with Califormia, Australia, and the numberless islands in the Pacitic Ocean. The Freuch Siave Trade TO THE EDITOR OF THE LONDON POST. In the Times of yesterday Dr. Livingstone alludes to the “efficiency of the African squadron” for put- ling down the slave trade, and quotes the opinions of the slave dealers themselves on the subject. One of them says ‘that the English cruisers alone pre- yented their slaves being sold acrora the sea.” * * * * A few words upon the French emigrant system, and IJ have done. Tn Africa the people are not free to act asthey think Bei at least in that part of it that I have visited, which is situated in the slave countries from ittah, through the Bight of Benin, and extending along the Portuguese possessions as far as Little Fish Bay. In this extent of country the inhabitants are more or less the property of the masters or own- ers of the soil. I speak particularly as regards the slave trading districts; and the people there can no more give themselves the freedom of action in choosing their particular line of life than domestic slaves can in the Southern States of America, It is quite a mistake to suppose that there is such a thing as fred will on the western coast of Africa. The people are the prey of their masters, and, as such, can be bought and sold at their pleasure. The French are grossly deceived by supposing that the inhabitants of the sea coast will be permit- ted to take advantage of the inducements held out to them to voluntarily exile themselves from their own homes, even if they wished to do so, A nm of money must be paid to the king for their bodies, just the same as though a genuine slave deat er were making the bargain, aud he that bids the oe will win the game. f the French are prepared to outbid the slave agent, he may possibly eu d in obtaining the de- sired number of so-called “emigrants, This appellation has a more pleasing expression than that of slave; but. call them by any term you please, they are in reality slaves, taken by the same maneuyres, and sold by the king for the ‘sau pose, as if there was no distinction made in th used to allay suspicion by the parti an, woman or child incumbent aopon the it of this country to watch the proceedings chbors with the greatest jealousy and sus- picion. If such a system is allowed the little good that has already been effected in that nnbappy - try will be annihilated at once, by their atte bein: ain turned to tt uch loved, and ne gotte 204 their fellow countrymen. isend you an extract from an American paper (the New York Herary), of Tuesday, November 17, of this year. It is very ominous of what we may ex pect to follow if these proceedings are allowed to pass unnoticed :— LATER FROM LIBERIA—IETTER FROM PRESIDENT RENSON, The following letter received on Saturday Falmouth, addressed to we ¢ from the repo) terest: — (extract.} GOvPRNMENT Hover op gr iam | bays learned, aint) a kome important in Fra whieb you will leare Bere particalarly towards the close of the year. I think the concluding renee of this paragraph speaks foritself,and I will leave your readers to judge for them selves. I remain, sir, your faithful servant, A. Eanpury Witmor, Captain, RN. Lonpon, Dec. 2, 1857. {From the Paris Pays, Doo. %.) We learn that Mr. Roberts, the former President of the republic of Liberia, who was in Europe for the last. three months, has just sailed from Plymouth to return to the State of which he was once the su- preme chief. ‘The republic of Liberia is sitated eastward of the Mesurado cape, on the western coast of Africa, in Guinea Superior. The government was extablished in 1821 to receive the negroes enfranchised in the United States. Its capital is Monrovia, a city of about 8,000 inhabitants, and which recei' ita name in honor of James Monroe, who was President of the United States from 1817 to 1821, and who aid- ed in the foundation of that independent State. Mr. Roberts has visited France, England, Germany and ee ou the Ethiope, bound for ne. ‘The Birth of a Prince. {Translated from J.a Cronica, Deo. 28. The press of the Peninsula justly places in the first rank among the events of the day the birth of a Prince of Astu: Itisnot many since that a!! the vast regions—then a part of the Spanish do- main—comprised between the northern limit of New oe and Cape Horn hailed with religious fervor the birth of an heir to the crown of two worlds. At that time the birth of a Prince heir apparent symbolized the perpetuation of absolute happiness for the Spanish portion of thig continent, for its in- habitants lived under the laws given them by metropolis, without, discussing or comparing them. For Spain it symbolized the perpetuation ot a fatal empire that devoured the life of its youth, that anni- hilated its productive power as an agricultural and industrial nation, and which gathered and stirred up continually against her all the envy, all the rival- and al) the traditional hatred of European ambi tlon. To-day neither the echoes of the Andes, nor the Atrato, nor of Orizaba salute the Prince of Castile; but the thunders of the cannon that an nounce to the world his coming resound with greater life and concentrated vigor than ever before in our history, in the gorges of the Pyrenées and of Avila, in the fortresses of Oceanica and the Antilles, and in the bosoms of a fruitful generation, not now despair ing because of the prodigal outpouring of the powerr of its fathers, but strengthened with the knowledge that it holds only what it can maintain, and justly and severely vindicate. A MALE HEIR TO THR SPANISH CROWN—UOW HIS a WIRTH AFFECTS FRANC {From the Paria Debate, Dec. 7.7 The accouchement’ of Queen Isabella, who has o- given to Spain a Prince of Asturias and an ir male to the crown, is an event which must lead to the indefinite adjournment of certain projects which were seriously entertained by many influential persons ; it is evident that arrangements which were possible when the Queen had only a danghter, have ceased to be so now that there is adauphin. Another effect of this change in the situation will be to strengthen the present ministry, for the abolition of constitutional government; if not, the programme was at least the manifest aim of the coalition with which they were threatened, and it is upon the maintenance of that regime that Queen Isabella's dinasty is based. Making ail due allowance for the proverb, as appli cable to Spain as to France, ny «rien de plus robable que Timprévu, we think we may condider 'M. Armeo and Mon’s ministry as provisionally con- solidated, and may take @ hasty review of ite acts. Considering the state in Which Spariish finance has been for a long time M. Mon, however great a finan he may be, could not be expected anything very start- ling; he could jcit into a surplus in aday. He has maturely Po ent his plans of re form, and will shortly make them known to the pul lic. It is in the Department of the Interior, which next to that of Finance stood most in need of reform, that the greatest chan; have been made. The pernicious agitation of M. Nocedal has been re- placed by the more etal more salutary, and more liberal activity of M. Bermudez de Castro, to the great benefit of the public service. The amnesty granted to very many political » the raising of the state of siege in all the provinces, Catalonia only excepted, and the revisal of the electoral lists, have already produced the best effects. We may also be permitted to congratulate M. Bermadez de Come fd od a of LB severe — which ha en imposed upon the press by pre- decessor, Tt will ie remembered that M. Nocedal, under the pretext that ‘the Cortes would not have time to discuss the new lawon the preas, had re- coume to the strange expedient of obtaining a vote authorizing the law to be acted upon at once, reverv. ing the ‘iehate upon it till next year. M. Bermudea has not taken upon himself, in the absence of the Cortes, to suspend the law, bat he has recommended that it should be executed in the most tolerant mau- ner, and the press now discusses freely, without do- ing mischief. The Minister of the Interior has also made several changes in the of the go vernors of provinces or prefects, and the new ap- pointments in general have been made in a liberal spirit. From the moment that the minister thus showed the tendency of his policy, great efforts were made to form coalitions against him, These tealitions may perhaps force him to appeal to the country, and the new appointments in the prov. inces to which we have alluded, look like a pre- lude to euch a measure. New chambers, elected under the influence of the present ministry, would donbtless contain a liberal majority. In spite of ap: pearances, and notwithstanding the numerous crises that constitutional government has pasyd through in Spain, it is much more deeply reoted in the public mind than is kenevniy woppate. The manifesto re- cently published by Queen Christina. is very «i it in this point of view. in that document advo- cates of the princess, replying to the accusation bronght against ber by the Cortes in 1864, say that in 1802 she solemnly protested against the projects for a coup d'etat whieh Bravo Marillo’s mint was then preparing. Queen Christina was at that time at Aranjuez with her children, who we Bravo Murillo “. The Queen mother thenex- presse ergetically against any coup d'état or any attack upon the form of goverament which she had so materially contributed to found, and de~ clared to the President of the Council that, if any- thing of the kind were attempted, she would leave for France with her family, and the Duke of Rian- zaxes would resign all the titles, honors and offices which had been conferred upon him by the Spanish government. This anecdote goes back to 1862, but it was never made pablic till last month. Queen Christina is a woman of great good sense and saga- city; nobody better than she foows the spirit and temperament of the country which she has governed, and this new profession of political faith on her part is therefore very valuable. ‘The New Democratic Movement. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Sept. 26, 1867. In Friday’s paper, under the head of ‘Another demo cratic movement for old Tammany,” | find my name used without my authority. Ido not, however, repudiate, but have always and now most strenuously eoatended for the doctrines coctaued 1a that document. They are, in my opinion, strictly demo cratic, and I only regret that the principle {t contains was not expressed in a milder spirit, and in more appropriate term, A simple narrative, without altacklng our polit! cul foes, either external or internal, and a precise and calm expression of these doctrines, would have com- manded the attention of the de, racy ond saved them from the imputation of being & re sudden outburet of personal partizanehip, That document only proposes to restore to the democracy tha right to elect ita own repre- sentatives. If viewed in this light, it cannot fail to be of importance to the party. Butitis of nome moment to covsider whether this is the proper time to present a new formula, which may, under the disturbed condition of the party, assume the form and substance of a now dre- brand into the heart of the democracy.—I_ remain, very respectfully, WM. JAY HASKETT. REWARDS. REWARD —LOST, ON FRIDAY EVENING, THE ith of Dee mene the” ih wenty.fourth street, freturned to 3 we, the abov 2ST OF OK and REWARD, from #3 Suil $21 rm REWART watch isn pi 9,209) Th LOST AND FOUND. INE. THE OWNER CANW FAV BS Kaee 6 stand, No. 6 Wastin GOUND—A VIC by applying at market, OST—GEO WAN LAL READS NOTE POR $980 2 16,063 —THB 4 tinder will be rewar Lous asked, oy jeawing tt at the office of th OST—ON THURSDAY, DFC 4 Broadway, or in Kathe apair ot bair work earring: the maker'sname (Lik) ont The finder will be liberaiy rewarded by leaving tt with (he ferry master, Jersey’ City ferry, f ‘ortlandt aireet. OST—A POCKETBOOK, CONTAINING SUNDRY PA- pers, valuable only to the owner, among which ia a re~ cetpt, given by Alexis Bragg to John Cowell, for $3,000; aino agmail amount of money. Whoover will retarn the same ‘0. 63 roadway, up stairs, shall be suitably rewarded. OST—ON THR 2TH INST., FROM | FRANKLIN a 6, Brookiym, a black and white Newfoundland bitch, has a biact on one shoulder. Aay pertoa brirg Mog ber ta Mr, De Penoge, 138 Peacl wtrert, shad ‘ve wultabty Tew osT—ON T "4 ihe Bowery, talping sixty (wo dollars in bi dollars was on the Citizen's Bank twenty and two mail ttaelf. The finder w name at the oltice 0” street, near avenue A RAR 1] PIANOPORTES TO BE SOLD AT TEN PER CERT 2) lesa than the costof manufacturing, % close tho buatuess y the letof January. The above inetrumenia will de gokd ab immense aaerifice for cash. Among them are 7 or a . ‘ s. carved, Set peel Koza, Fiabe tn the twee 0 nold for leaw than tho price of an every instrament warrnoiel. Those ne 8 oUF oa Go well w call at the manutactory, The ‘wenty second street, oear Lexi avenue, before purchasing. No reasonable offer ead SPLENDID HOLIDAY PRESENT.—TWO SUPERIOR rosewood round corner seven anlave pianofories, with heavy mouldings, carved pearl, de. These pianos wore made to order Celehrated grand “diaphonie’” improveme Wasted the admiration of profossira and press of thiacountey and Europe, A thre given with each instrument. Any pi A mupertor toned instrument, will o improvement: also» piain 6% Appiy at McDONALD'S Manufactory Hundred and Thirty *eound street, w gf, and lyre ornamented with ‘and contain the ; be sold very low. fully warrant ear. Apply at 224 Kast high cond events. CHANCE SRLDOM OFF tave grand Ke ROSE: ed plano’orte, oi 1, or, in good ‘ax tha family bas farther use for '. between Forsyth and Chryath order. Call at No. 9 Bayard street, TRICENT for $210 orners, sarved woul double (be amount. “Is nearly ps 156 First avenue, bower: N ELPGANT AND BLARORATRI “y FIN ov $370; will be made an obj and fully tested, at 678 Six th avenue, near PFurtieth street, for three days, from 7 ull SP. M.; wil de boved for shipping DESTRES TO PURCHA xrand plang; also, & superior sewing be above articies wil! please addres a ARGAINS CAN BE HAD IN FIRST CLASS PIANOS from the piainest te the rich ” arranted In every particuiar tc mourpaceed, Jam, VAN RIPER, 178 Wooster, between Stanton acd Bleecker carved leg and mouldings, with pearl "e and Waters’ my ance nth E900; secon t hand “Bidets ere from $100 to $190, at the great FB WATERS, 333 Broadway. Music IVE NEW, nofortes, Feepect, will be sold len per cent below coat for camb. App y 'PERIOR TONED, SEVEN OOPAVE PTA. pinin and carved legs, warraaied in every at No, 15 Sixth avenue. HH’: FOR A NEW YEAR'S PRESENT.—TO BF SOLD Mblic suction on Monday, Dee 2 at nouse ils W th treet, me anperior rome wood pianoforte, rich! earl and pearl fully warranted for ry maker, and coat T. GOULDSMITH, Auctioneer, OC AT HALF FRICKE A? WATERS, NO. S09 Broadway. Pianos and melodeons a: lower pulses teas ever bel ired in this marke!. Piagoe And me 0 rept, and on ps For sale on yinenta, (good recon hand pianos just reeeiy mate by © ig and other Howton makers, Sad will at ena. ywe pane Se... | wn! AND SRCOND BAN ‘vargaine. The beet circular seale pian frame and modern A? OREAT Sees ete” 395 Rroadway, opposite the Bi HALF PRICE.—MUST BE SOLD BEFORR AnnAry. lsomely carved 7 octaves, worth octaves. $1F0; 6% octaves, $18. Seeond hand charge Aleo (0 let on bite, P. LYNCH, between Twenty firt and Fwenty see ond #9 1ANO8 TO HIRE —WM. LINDEMAN & SONS OFFER P's 1 French grand « HLOATERS, STILTON Guinea fowls, doth Ee m, 19) j Barclay & Berkline’ Lov the wood. Kuglish mm