The New York Herald Newspaper, October 25, 1857, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, ‘BDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OPFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU OTS. w annem, "Saute er TERMS, cash én advance. THE DAILY HERALD, theo cents THE WEEKLY HERALD, every copy, oF B per avinum: the Bwropean : annum, (0 gre pars a Groat 0F 85 t0 any part of the Continent, both THE FAMILY HERALD, every Wednesday, at four conts per ep, oF B2 ner annem. VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing important news, solicited from any quarter of thahoortd, 4 wsed wil! be lihe= rally’ pasd ror’ MgrOVR FOREIGN COWRESPONDENTS Ate PAR qoianiy Requasrap To Seal ais Larrens ano Pack aces od JOB PRINTING executed with noatness, cheapness and dex Volume XXII. . Mo, 994 AMUSEMENTS TO-MORKOW EVBRING. BROADWAY THRATER. Broadway—Pavst—ii Cavatro Divse — NIBLO'R. GARDEN, Brosdway—Tre Conscairt—Las ‘ADEILES—Tue Pantomics oF Bowmas. BOWERY THKATRE Sowery—Bouso ano Jucter— Puips or Tux Maager—Kine of Ovgss, opposive Bond s\reet.— BURTON'S THEATER. ~ fae Inisa Buoom WALLAOS’S THUATEE Axo Hosaann —Past and Pui LAURA KFENE’S “THEATRE, Sromiwey—3ixos oF Pasy—cend Me Five Saicines Reowiway Carkice, 08 Lover sare. BARNUMS AMEAICAN MUSEUM, Broadway —dacaaia Qrun ceric Frars—Cuanacrmuistc Somes, Ovmoscrias, £0 WOOD'S BUILDINGS. 861 and 563 Sroacway—Sraroria: Muvsreaisy, Danorng, BURLEAQTRS — MARRIED AND BIZIED, MECHANICS Bonuzsgos—THe MountrnanKs HALL 6f2 Sroadway—Nee20 Mew NEW OLYMPIC THBATRE Mucuo Boniusgoes, comes AC EMPIRE PALL, 5% Boat ov De. Kamw’s Anorio Sarai left Liverpool on the 14th inst. is now due at this port four later Duropean news. She will aiso, in all proba- bility, brigg important intelligence from India. The steamship Vanderbilt sailed from this port yesterday tor Southampton ané Havre, carrying out nearly six hundred passengers. The Atlantic, in | consequence of an accident to her mac’ i not leave at her appointed hour, and be detained three or four days. Postmaster Fo: telegraphed to Washington for authority to send the mails by the Vanderbilt, but the Postmaster General declined to interfere, saying that the respou: of the failure to transmit the maila must the Collins live and the Navy Department. mails were to the Post Office. In view of the present disturbed | condition of commereia! affairs the failu European mail isa circamstame to be 4 days Baa The | sequently leit behind and taken back | ing and authorized General Nye to affix to his re- turn to the late mandamas procured against the Board, the words, “By order of the Board.” No other business was transacted. The Virginia Synod of the Presbyterian Church yesterday, by a vote of thirty-two to three, resolved towithdraw from the Geueral Assembly, in conse. quence of the action of that body on the slavery question. The Synod also approved of the action of the Convention of the church held some time since at Richmond, and resolved to join the new united Syfhod, which will meet at Nashville on the 12th of next month to perfect its organization. James Rodgers, indicted for the murder of John Swanston, on the Tenth avenue, pleaded not guilty in the Court of Genera! Sessions yesterday. ‘There was no new feature preseoted in the cotton mar- ket yesterday, and we oan but repest the old story, that in the absence of sales, prices wer nominal. There wat some less demand for flour, with rathor more offering, while the transactions were confined obiety to the lopal and Sastern trade, The market closed at « deciles of 6. a ‘1c, per barrel, chiefly on S.ate and Western breads. Wheat was sold ai full pricas for prime to chotoa lots, while inferior and common grades were easier. Among the eales wore about 30,000 bashals Onioago red spring at $100, for export. Common to good Southern waits ranged from $1 25 $1 85, aud choice foanensee white sold at $1 46; Milwaukie red at $1 C9; Southern red sold at $120 @ $1 50—the latter figure for choice, Corn was dull, with light sales of Wovtern mixed at at 493. 4700 ‘Small sales of mess pork were maso at $20 50 « $31 00. Owing to the|inolemency of the weather sugars wore lees active, but full prices comtinusd to be maintained. Coffee was quiet snd sales Umiied, watle prices ruisd qale wendy. Freight were Grmer for Eagish ports, and about 40,000 bash is of grain, chiely wnea:, wors oagaged “or Ley orpooi im balk and bags at 6 80K «14. and dour (23. 8d. ‘The propeiler Jason, for Lon toa, took ‘tour at os, Gd. wheat at 10d, ta ship's bags, rice at O7¢, 64, por too, ana ehoese as 50s. Wheat wae also cogaged by a sailing yeemel at Td., amd rosin do. at 24. 44 ha Virgtota Senatorial tesue—Pir, Senator Hunter's Letter, Mr. Senator Kiunter, of Virginia, haz at length come out aod Gefined his position iu reference to Kaneaz, Governor Walker and Mr. Buchanan. | The letter of the Senator, however, which we lay before our readers this morning, we are com- pelled to say doc= not meet the exact necessities of cae In fact, the only practical conciu- sion to which it leads us is that of a preseat doubtful support aod a future contingent and facticus ho: to Mr. Buchanan's administra- tion. This factioua Southern ultra opposition was pretty broadly foreehadowed in various quarters, with the proclamation of Mr. Buchanan’s jnaugu- ral and Cabinet—with the establishment of the raw ters’ new organ at Richmond, Virgi nia, under the eignificant title of the “ South,” it became maoifest thai this foreshadowed hostility plored. ; had aiready awumed the form of aa exteusive The clipper ship Dreadaaaght sailed from this | factious organization; and thus, with the ap- port yesterday for Liverpool, wit three bundred | proach of the Virginia spring elections for the and forty passengers, the largest aumber ever | State Legislature, the equivocal position of Se takes ina sating vessel from this country t | autor Hunter a a democrat of the Southern ultra Europe Captain Van Vieit, whe left G on the Lith has arrived He states that the Mcrmons are una’ iy the opinion that the troops and goveramec: officers would uever gain a foothold in Utah H We save news from San Juan de! Norte, Nica ragua,(o the 2 it. Oar correspondent statcs that the provis‘onal government bad isaued s decree summariiy expe:ting frem the country every ameri- can who bed «ded with Walker. Uncer its or tion. however, all Americans, even the most worthy and inofersive, were being driven aw not More then focxted at Lo Virgin ond Sar Jnaa de. ained ‘nthe socalled r ce Bican recovering from the effects of 2 for President was to ,fnd it was thonght osen. It was believed that riends in Nicaragua bis influential native adherents had been either | becisted or sentenced to penal aervitade. We have @ confirmation of the of the expulsion of Mr. Cares Jones from Costa Rica by President Mora, cn- Ger the sxapicion of his being 2 in the interest of the filbasters. The Costa Ricans were in mach A.arm, baring awhoxsome d of th projeeted Ww demonstration, aad wer: king preparation for a ateot resistance. ©o'. Schlessinger bad i 5 Lake City St. Lo a heve taken place om Geo. Ma al 9 route for ive United States Our coreepondent at Nawau, N.P., writing on 10t2 of October, states that th was « good deal of fever conse t on wet weather prevailing. mproved at ‘ast date. Toe mail | * @ to S!. Thowas came in collision O batk. aud «ns somewhat injured reached port in safety. An interceting chronological tabie of events in | India, commeneip the Mebommedan iovasion A.D. 1900, is given elsewhere. As affairs in that it the present time are attracting ach 8 table + # found vainabie ax The ¢ 1 for the + Dealers’ Aasnols mc red yemerday, | tt of Geveral Seaw to qraab one hundred went é imClotare sts | found by the present Grand violators of the Supdey Lauo Among the pri aw wing Oona a. ye ve Gone lation (inti at’) Laem maton of uc epee i Tofam mien 6 ora : Marre ae (otnrte Drowry in we head aeation of the brain, 7 o' dysentery, 11 of inflamma. tion of the bowels, 7 of palay, oof teething, 14 pre mature births, 24 stillborn, ond 15 from violent cannes, inclnding 5 scalded or waed and 3 drowned The following is a classification 4 the @ismaass and the nomber of deaths in each lage of diseny daring the week — Rovre pote fee ‘er Yona Brair ond woreet.. |. bf * Gene enon. s Py Beart 904 biosd vars 6 wl Lanes, tara), feo ur ut OM age ses 4 Bite ko , and eruptive lover “ ” RAR rm a4 ai Bown. vowels an* Other “estive organs 1 6 at Unoerac seat and general fever “ i Unkaows i 1 Crnary ormeas : 3 Tota ato “a ‘The number of deaths compared with the corres in 195 Poading weeks and 1356, was as follows :— Wonk coding Con 7, 1855 .. 961 Woo onsing Oem. 26, 16h6 ‘ Hoek ceding Oxt 17, 107 woe AD Wack onting Get 94, 1887 . in The nativity ea—0T natives of the United Btater { Ireland, 18 of Germany, 10 of Ragland, 7 of Brotien { Italy, and | each of France, Pc and Wales, Switver'and aod British Americs, and Lenka et v ‘re Com erow ewerd no on. | pe | school was actively agitated inside and outside of the Old Dominion. It was well understood that Mr. Hunter was a candidate for re- election to the Svuate; that the Legis. lature to be elected would have to pass upon his claima; and upon this ie, we believe, 8 Legislatnre was elected so decidedly favorable to Mr. Buchanan's administration as to be com- petent and willing to dispose of Mr. Hunter, yea or nay, a8 his exact position towards the adminis. tration might require. The understanding that Gov. Wise was desi- rous of filling the place of Mr. Hunter in the United Statea Senate bad very mach to do with these afoi Virginia spriag elections; and from the overwbeimiag popularity of the Go- vernor as one of the most zealous and constant supporters of Mr. Buchanan, the new | position of the Govi or as a candidate for the | Senate had a powerful effect upon the friends of | Hunter. From that moment their policy was to | ceneiliate the Wise patty without reducing Hun- ter to the alternative of breaking grouod either ezaiust the administration or the Southern ultras, | A non-committal position like tuis, however, was out of the que a: because, while the Virgiaia administration democracy w: in favor ot Gov. Wise for the next Presidency. they suspected that Mr. Hunter wae a favorite of the Southern ultras, d that their game waa to use him to break down the administration fa Vi ae the first Important mox ere, ot a purely sectional atuera Presidential | tgavizatic Hence t not war which tor the lest six toutbs bas 7 fied betwe A | Enq and other admin st t bs iter on vocu! position ® th pond South and its ech er side. +d chunoad Sow we u g editor declare in t ed the ear utr of hostility to Mr. Haater;” that . per was the first to suggest « saspicion | f his relations to the admicistru' and that, tom the course of thie n regard to the a V i some share . Hunter to show | Gut we regret to « ap to y that Mr. Hunter has failed yur just expectations, and hes wan. He divag s the pro- cee ot Governor Waiker in Kansas, bat thioke very well of Mr. Buchanao—all of which | Goes very well a far as {t goes. But at the pre- | t. Hunter should be most ex in his loyalty. He says: ‘bat are the precise views of the President upon these questions I know not; [ await their developement in the regular course. But should be differ with me upon these matters, J do not we how any practical issue can arise between him and those of his friends who entertain other opiniess in regard to Gov. Walker's course.” But we oon assure Mr. Hunter that if he does not | now perceive, he will, probably, before the win ter is over, that it is upon “these matters’ thete very matters that a practical issue” mort at're. Tor inetance, let us compare the potition ae sumed tn this letter by Mr. Huater with that of the President in his inaugural. And, firet, we | for their duily bread. » this remarkable letter to vindi- | terference, to decide their own destiny for them- selves, aubject ovly to the constitution of the United States “This eacred (elective) right of each individual must be preserved.” Apply this test to State constitution for Kansas, The Con- vention eoon to meet to form euch constitution was elected by less than one-fifth of the actaal voters of the Territory. The Convention is thus & pro-elavery body, while, from the results of the late Territorial elections, it is clear that o very large msjority of the voters of Kansas are op- Posed to the recognition of slavery. Bat had this Convention been elected by all the voters of Kansas, it still wou'd stand in the position of only @ committee from the people. “ The sacred right of each individual” of the people in the organi- zation of a republican government, to approve or reject the work of this committee, would still rewain intact. This, we take it, isa fair inter- pretation of the insugural of last March, and of the letter to the Connecticut clergymen. But what says Mr. Hunter? He pleads the pica that this aforesaid Convention’ has the right to adopt a pro-rlavery constitution and the right to send it up to Congress, without referring it to a vote of the people of Kansas, And, supposing this course ia taken, what will probably follow? We venture to say, without a doubt, that the Presi- Gent and the comervatives supporting him in Congress will co-operate to send the Kansas State covstitution back to Kansas, for the purpose of sattafying the people, not only of Kansas, but of the whole country. But where, in this contingen- cy, shall we find Mr. Senator Hunter? He an swers for himeelf. He will be found amoog the factious ultras of the Soutb, in opposition to the soministration and the covservative democracy, This, we take it, is the meaniog of his whole let- ter of bair drawn technicalities and nice distinc. tions and quibbles, We have not, aa yet, received any opinions upon this letter from the Virginia democratic press: but we ebalt be surprised if ft does not operate ratber more eeriously to damage Mr. Hunter among the a/ ministration democracy, in stead cf placing him in a more eligible position ‘ion to the Senate, than the equivocal ‘lence which he has occupied for the lost six mouths. He supports the administration wih a why acd @ wherefore, and with conditions né reservations; bat he sdheres to the Southern ultras without s servations, ard without a visible object exec pe that of a Southern sectional party, outside of the administration. This is the pre- cent position’cf Mr. Hunter. Tue Monetary Crisis—Its Comparative Er- rects oN Free Lasorers anp Staves.—If the effects of the termble fioancial hurricane that is pow careering over the whole country were to be covfiud to the breaking down of insolvent railroad companies, rotten banks and swindling atockjobbers, and to the contraction of the over- biowa credit syetem of the land, the visitation might be regorded rather asa blessing than as a curse. Ast is, it will have many beneficial con- sequecces. It will neceasitate economy, and make extravagance unfashionable. It will reduce to their proper level those who in the late general prosperity of the country affected the airs of an old aristccracy. Ir will cause many bubbles to burst, and inflations of all kinds to cellapse. For ali theee effects of the panic we could not be too grateful. Bat one consequence has already flowed from it which is indeed deplorable, and the evil, we are afraid, will continue and increase during the coming winter. We allude to the cessation of work in many of the large factories and in almost ail branches of trade, and to the forerd idleness of thousands and teus of thousands who depend on their daily toil It would be a very mode- rate estimate to take the number of persons who will be eo disemployed during the coming winter in the principal cities of the North at 200,000; and there would probably represent a million mouths that will be crying for bread. On these unfortuuates the foancial crisis will bear with fearfal effect. Luxuries can easily be dispensed with, and therefore those who will be deprived of them require no great sympathy; but when poverty and starvation come upon families, then indeed, the trial is terrible. Witha million of mouthe crying for bread in our large cities we can hardly hope to escape scenes of disorder, riot and, it may be, pillage and plunder. We trust, however, that that dreadful anticipation will not be realized, but that hamanity and bene- velence will be exercised to such an ex- tent as to prevent any one dying of a fon in our streete, and to guard net the perils of riot and pillage. Never- obvious to all that these dao” * not by any means imaginary. It is but too certain that the sufferings of the laboring in cur cities for mont! to come will be 1 that thousands must the hard. ons : it with our friendain the South’ The tates have not escaped altogether the sof the present panic. There, too, yzed trade and commerce, closed up preciated State stocks, railroad every other class of paper security, failed, and traders been But the poor—-the labor. } ith them? At ey ex pored 10 the perils to which the laboring classes of the North are subjected? 1s there any fear of ingle man. woman, er child out of the three there to suspend. have n of 1 @tovs there, dying from cold or Will any of them be driven to beg starvation! in the streets for bread, as many of our poor mechanics bere will doubtiess be Will the poo ises be filled to overflowing and | the soup kitcbens beleaguered by starving hosts? | Let the canting, whining crew of Northern aboli- tionists answer these questions, Poorhouses and soup kitchens are institutions unknown at the South, and they will continne to be anknown there, even throughout the coming winter. The three millions of 'aborers at the South will not, we undertake to eny, miss any of those necessi- | ties and comforts of life to which they have been alwoy* accustomed. They will be clothed, and | housed and fed as heretofore, and will probably ' be ignorant of the fart that these are hard times In view of these facts—in view of the con- trasted effects of the crisis on the free laborers of the North and the slave laborers of the South—- how can sny candid, common sense man, profess the belief that slavery is a horrible, atro quote from the inaugural the Kansae policy of Mr. Buchanan, Speaking of the ad mission of Kansas into the Union the President saye:—Tt is the {mperntive and ind'spcacable dt the rament of the United States to secu every resident Inbabi- free acd indep ndeat opinion by his ¥« i red individual must be pr .” 3 ing accom ed. nothing oan be fairer 0 leave the wple of a Territory, free from all foreign to. cious, accursed, Goddefying sin—“the sam of all iniquities’’” Doctor Cheever attri- butes our fivancial disasters to this very iniquity, and to the fact of the nation having accepted the decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott case. Bat let him or any cther abolitionist fancy to himself what would be the condition of these th n of slaves if they were today emancipated. W proportion of them would fall victims to cold and hunger during the coming winter? Let thom: NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1857. piste reconcile, if they can, the comparative com- fort and the positive aafety of these three million claves with their creed that slavery is the eum of all iniquities. Without slavery there, thousands would perish of want; with it, there is not the slightest danger of one of them feeling the pangs of hunger. Would that we could say so much for our free laborers at the North. It is such a trial as this that opens men’s eyes to things as they really are. Let abolitionists and anti-slavery men take the practical leeson that is herein offered to them, and we will hear of no more agitation on the subject of slavery. Tae Pumosopay or tHe Lare Execrions.— We have the official returns fram thirty-three counties, of the late Pennsylvania election, and the popular vote for Governor this year as com- pared with the vote for President in these thirty- three shows the following party deficiencies:— 83 counties, ¢ Motal—1866,356,116 oti Fa06 a 0! > = ' "18677181588 80,084 98,010 MMM chaisssancoasints 23508 7400 44,886 Now, these are very curious and very intereat- ing figures; but the comparative results in the following detached couaties are still more re- markable:— Dem. K. N. Philadolpbia—!856,.38 222 $84 « 1867,.97,780 10001 14,836 LO. .ssseeesss 20,478 2.008 gaia. Toad Thus, in these three populous counties of Philadelphia, Berks ard Lancaster there is a falling off in the democratic vote of 15,268; in the Know Nothing vote a loss of 26,817, and a 8,366 los. republican gain of 4,903, Here, we eee, that while the democrats have remained at home, the republicans have evidently received their rein- forcements from the Fillmore vote of last year; the Know Nothing party in these three coun- ties having almost wholly disappeared. Now let us take the republican stronghold of Al- legheny county:— Dem. Bey x. WM. 1365. 9068 15.67) 1,498 1867 610 7687 846 ° 452 6,984 603 in round numbers we have a republican loss cf six thousand in a single county, and the solution is Pittsburg and this financial pressure. But the general results of the Pennsylvania election show that while the republicans compa- ratively have held their ground, the democrats have nct come up to the polls, and that the Know Nothing party has fizzled out. Some frag ments of it here and there have been gained by the republicans; but the bulk of it lies dormant, awaiting another shuffle of the cards. In Ohio, on the other hand, the democracy bave gained from the lorses of the Know Nothings; and the democrats will probably gain some’ in the approaching Mavsachusetts election, and very considerably in our own November contest, from the disintegration of Know Nothingism into its original elemente. Thus the philosophy of the late elections may be reduced into the limits of a outshell—the dissolution of the Know Nothing party—the in- Gifference of the democratic reserves to the local iseues of these elections, and the desperate atrug- gle of the republicans to keep their heads above water under the pressure of the new practical political issues, which, with this financial revul- tion, are coming again to the surface. But for ail this, the apathy of the Pennsylvania demo- cracy will not do for the democracy of New York. They must work, and work with a will, or they wil! lose oar November election. A Crowstne Stigma on Tax Report oF THE Navat Rerminc Boarp.—The proceedings of the Naval Courts of Inquiry have witbin the last few weeks disclosed some curious facts* In three or four instances where the casesof officers bave been called on for investigation, the Judge Advocate has declined proceeding with them on the part of the government, stating that he bad no charges to make against the parties demanding inquiry. Thus, in the cases of several officers retired from the eervice by the late Naval Board, the govern- ment comes forward and admits by implication that the disgrace inflicted upon them was unmerit- ed, and that they have been wrongfully and ma- liciousiy punished. ‘ Public opinion has long anticipated this judg- ment of the government officers. We have over and over again expressed:our opinion that in the majority of cases, the Naval Retiring Board formed their decisions on mere hearsay gossip, and without such reasonable evidence as would be required to produce conviction in conscientions mitds. But it is not only against justice that those decisions have sinned, but against constita- tional rights and military !aw. A distinguished jurist and statesman of Pennsylvania—one who has filled a high position in the Cabinet of the fe€eral Execu:ive—in writing to a naval officer now under trial before one of the Courts of In- quity, makes these observations:— I Baye never heard the whisper of Dut ove charge Against you—that 0! your failing to jou yonr ship when ordered .o sea. For wat velinquenoy, great or small, excusable or not, you mitted! to a court martial, was tried, coo‘emned and junisbed. Georetly to iry you A 80004 tle, to punivh you @ rocond time, and to [allot @ more «vere punishment (ham ibe pebuo and oper martial 'mpe after heartag both sides, 0D, aa outrage Upon | satice an e—of cometituttons’ 7’ of God’ w—and of the civil law. To punish a men ‘he second ‘ime for the tame oience is the vory spirit and easance of desrotiem The above sentiments faithfully express the opinion entertained by the public of the results of the labore of the Naval Retiring Board. But how are we to remedy the injustice and suffering to which they have given rise ’—bow repair the in- jury that has been done to the service by the removal of so many competent and meritorious officers? It will be for Congress to determine this at its next session—if, indeed, it be not so | infatuated with its owa legislation as to persist in & wrongful courte. Tn the meanwhile somothing mey be done by the profession itself to improve its moral, and to prevent iteelf being subjected to any further ox- periments of the eame sort. Under an act of last Congress, there is now assembled at Wash- ington a board of caval officers to codify tho existing laws, and propose new ones; also, an entire evt of imernal cules for the detall of this duty. The taek assigned them is very important, the navy having been long under the laws of Charles the Second’s time—laws which were Dever suited to the gouius and temper of our people. Will it not fail within the province of this board to define the offences, social as well aa jonal, which abould bring naval men ion of penal legittation! It eeems labors of the Naval Retiring Board would have been usefully prefaced, iuatend of followed, by a report from some such body as We appear to have begun our form: at the wrong end, and. 1 a g the peraity of ow been held on the subject, it may be safely said that the present position of affairs is not that state of things which was contemplated by the powers of the constitution. Whatever Congress can or cannot do, most certainly it was not the design of the constitution that the currency and banking of the country should be wholly in the hands of a few ecore private corporations, with neither capacity to know when to stop expanding, nor common sense to perceive when contraction had gone far enough, nor means to stand a sud- den or popular panic. Whatever was meant, this certainly was not meant. We cannot therefore go wrong, or do mischief by groping in the dark in search of a truer inter- pretation of the fundamental instrument. It is certain, on the one hand, that we have financial revulsions here twice in a generation, on the @verage, while in England no severe and radiotl revulsion has occurred for thirty years; and, on the other, that the finance and currency of this country are controlled by private and ‘irre- sponsible corporations, while those of England are controlled by the government. Whether there is here cause and effect, we leave to the public to judge. It is quite plain that the suspension of specie payments, with its consequent evils, would have been avoided in this city had the government been able to iesue ten or twelve millions of Trea- sury notes to relieve the money market and allay the panic. But, on the ether hand, such resorts as these could only be available, as a rule, if they were accompanied with power in the go- yeroment to control the expansion and contrac- tion of bank credits. It may be questionable whether this object could be obtained, under our constitution, by avy other method than by a government bank. Bustvess Cuancrs.—Ouly a few weeks ago the traneactions at the Clearing House in this city amounted to some twenty-eight millions daily; now they are not above eight. On the other hand, the cash trapsactions among the mercantile coramunity have largely increased. Wholesale Gry goods dealers have thrown open their stores to retail purchasers, and are said to be receiving more cash than they ever received before. It is probable that the increase in the cash transactions of the city is fully proportionate to the falling of in transactions on credit. THE LATEST NEWS. News from Washington: WORK OW CUSTOM BOUSES TO 8E OCONTINUED— WORK FOR THS BS00KLYN NAVY YaRD SANDS—THR FAILURE OF THE ECROPSAN MAIL—ENGLIH VIEWS THY CBNTRAL AMBRICAN QUESTION—PROORRD- OF THR NAVAL COURTS, BTO., ETC. Wasmrmorom, Oot. 24, 1857, Tom authorised to state that the Secretary of the Trea- acry will not suspead work upon the custom houses and olner Delidings now belag constructed, but wil! prosecute ‘tbem until be season closes. The amount subject to drat for public buildings sow being commtructed by the Treasu- Fy 1s up wards of atx mililons, Bon, Wm. B. Maclay, of New York, waited on the Secre- ‘ary of the Navy to-day, in reference to adopting some measure of employment for mechas!os and laborers at the Breokiya Navy Yard during the ensuing esenom. The Secretary feels much interest in the subject, and will do all in his power te forward this matter. He bas ordered a survey of tne frigate Brandywine, now tying in ordinary atthe New York station. Ih is estimated that she can be re,alred ab an expense aot exceeding thai of the Sa- vaanad. Postmaster Fowler telegraphed the ("outmaster Gensral 4 ‘to day that the steamer Atlantic had brokea her machinery and would mot be able to sail; that Vanderbilt cfferet to | take malls ard deliver them at Liverpool om the same | terms as allowed the Collins line. The Postmaster General | stated {n answer, that the responsibility of failure was | with Mr. Collins and the Navy Department. The depart. ment bad no fonds to pay out of. Andrew Jaskson Deaby was to day sppoimied eurveyor of Norfolk, Virginis. | ‘Hon, Thomas L. Clinghmaa arrived here to-day, aod is mopping at Willard’s. Oficial advices received bere coatradict ths report hat Lord Canning ts about being removed as Governor of India, He stands bigh im the estimation of the English cabinet. Several distinguished American o\cers are now hore ‘endeavoring to got into the British servioe in India, Captain Hollins, of Greptown memory, suoreeds Oaptain Tetnall, in tbe command of the neval station at Sackoti® barbor, New York. Captain Tatnail is now ‘lag oilcer of the East India squadron. ‘The reply of the British government # Mr. Case’ Con- twal American proposition has reached Washington, but {te purport is not yet known. The Honduras negotiations are no longer in the way. Advices received by the Interior Department from Mejo- Ne'ghbors, Indian Agent ta fexas, ropori the whole fron Mer quiet. Botwern two aad three hundred Camanche warriors were seen west of the Pooos river, on rows fora foray into Mexico. Many of the head men said they would foitte down as soon as the reserve east of Red river was opened, but most of the young men were determined to continue their predatonpexoursions into Mex.0o. Major Neighbors reports that ail captivas are to be surrendered by the Indiens, for Oy dollars each (n prevents, unt’! the 20th init, after whioh they would be taken from them | ‘without compensation. Heveefler Indians on \he erat re sorves are to bold no captives. The President bas determined to be!ld ons of ihe new tloope of war ai Norfolk, bot whother (nite or outs. te of the goverrment yard !s.s0 open question In the First Naval Gonrt today the onse of Lieutenant Whiting was consiuded. He wili road hie deleuge on Mon. day. The cast of Commander Jones wes taken op, aad Captains Bunter, Yard an‘ Mason and! leat. D2 Haven tenii‘led om (he part of the applicant. [nm ino Second Court Surgeons Jei‘riss and !.sadaiale, for (hs govornment, tesit- fled to the physical fines of Lient. Morgan for the ror. vice, Im the Third Gourt, in the case of Commander Pitehie, the govers mont oTered as evidence a transcript of the testimony of the applicant befors ihe Third Court of Toqu'ry in Captacs Latmor’t case, io prove hai the appli: cant (eatified falagty on that Ootasion. 2. Croper. counse! ‘or Commander Ritchie, objected te this evidence being received, but was aos sustained Sy the Court; whersupen Mr. Cooper easersd his protest, which wat pisced ap- fovCrmment of the United Sates. contracts with Costa the alleged on th's @idject hare been made ‘With the couaeasece of England, Of «(i this our govern. ‘men! \s wel. tnformed. ‘The Masse: musetts State Mair, Borrow, Oot. #4, 1867 ‘The Agrion\tnral State Pair closed to day with rather a reason and nmpropi'cuy weather bat prevent! the gone. ral popular wucems wich thorwine would have at waded ti Sthooner Empire Ashore. Nonvore, Om, 24, 1857 ‘The rehooner Emp're from Philadelphia, boved to thie pert, s ashore ater Gaps Henry, Assistance has been sen! bo ber, Young Led Miding Match, Rewmea, 8. ¥ , Oth ot, 1867, ‘The young iediow riding matoh, of Ohemang onanty, came OT tM day. The aon wae a fies mileone ant wae ‘Well comeriod, Mise Warhors, of Eimirs, wom the frst Prige and Mise Worden, of Jonnece settiomens, the second, Doparta:s of the North Amertean. Quine Oot. 94, 1857. The Canadian Company's stoamah)p North American falied at two o’olook this morning, wia apwarde of 900 patengers, for | Avorpoo. ‘The Virginia Hew Sohesl Presvytertan Byned. ‘Wasuurarom, Oct. 1 1867, ‘The Virginia Bynod of the Presbyterian Church heve would pever gain a foothold in their dominioes. Heavy snow fell at Fort Bridges om the’ 15th ult. Hon.‘J. M. Bernbeteel, Delegate toj0ovgreas}from Utena, accompanies Capt. Vena Viett. They leave for Washing- ton to-day. @he California Wagon Road. G2, Lovrs, Oo}. 94, 1867, ‘Mosers. Nichols and Reber, engineers of Magrald’s we- gu road train, have arrived bere. They loft Paetfie ‘Sprivgs om the 7th alt , and think that the train will winter at Fort Laramie. They report the catt'e of the governmens train dying fast, and the mules breaking down. Gress wes very scarce. Col. Hoffman, Commander at Fort Laramie, denies having caused a Mormon train to be overhauled. Faneuil Hal! was well filled to-night by the supporters of the Hon. N, P. Banks, The meeting was presided over by John P, Patohm, Beq., assimed by Charies Hale, &. A. Bradbury and numereus others. Tho secretaries were J. R, Marsh and A. B. Hardy, Addresses were made by the Presideat and by Hon. Gideom Haynes and others. The latter, in the course of his remarks, referred to Gesetor Sumner as being, in capacity and intellect, aa far euperior to apy man of South Carolina aa haavea la higher than the earth, which was received with great cheering. Hou. Huyny Wison said the decision of the people of Maseachussetis at the inst election, which they aro sow called upon to renew, was in favor of universal freedom Gad liberty. In referring to the effects of the Dred Boott decision, he sald the descendants of the Oolored Battalion, who were publicly thanked by General Jackson fcr their bravery at the battle of New Orieans, were not entitled te the rights of citizenship. The Congress of the United Siates was as much under the contro! of ihe siave power as the French Assembly is under the dictation of Louis Napoleon; and Joba Davis, after long years of service ia Congress, when about to retire from public life, stated ‘hat go bill or measure bad bees paseed through Congress without its being understood it was to enure to the beneiis aad interests of slavery, Mr. W. referred to Mr. Pleres ea going as deep In servillty to the sisve power as be could, bat President Buchanan had found a lower deep in assert ing that the constitution wherever it won! into the Terrtto- ries carried slavery with it. He thea referred ia highly eulogistic terms to Mr. Banks, claiming that Mr. Bamks about baif past 10 P. M. tng. Th wase very quthusiastic gainer. Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. Stocks bee. ivanie 6's, 81 iain . Weg, Morcie Gaal, St; ? 0g Intand Bailrond, 43; Pema sylvaaia Railroad, 82. 2 Mcnua, Oot 28, 1867. Cotion—Sales of ihe week 3,500 balerat 100. Recatpis of the week 5,900 bales against 6,900 bales in the corras- ponding week of Inst year. Borravo, Oct. 4—1 P. Flour dull. Wheat active and steady; enier 4,000 els at 800. for Chicago snring, 840. for Milwaukie cia! $1 for white indiana. Corn stead: Ta Sl ge pominal at 1830. Freights lower; 163<0. che b 193.¢00 bushels whee na h00 bs “ye 15,008 Dashels cats 139,900 bashes ‘4.000 bushels corn ‘and 59,000 Dasbeis onus. Whe Kuropean Mali Steamers. SAILING OF THE VANDERBILT—DRTRNSION OF THE ATLANTIC~ BER MAILS LSPT DECIND —SERIOUS OF CONVERIENCE TO THE TRADING COMMUNI FY. The Vanderbilt steamship Vanderbilt sailed from this port yesterday, under the command of Captain Edward Higgins, for Havre and Southampton, car- rying out nearly six hundred passengers and lettar bags made up at the agent's office. The Collins steamskip Atlantic was to have de- parted at noon, under eommand of Captain El- dridge, carrying the United States mail for Earope, but a short time before her hour of sailing it was discovered that the “crosa tail’ to her machinery was cracked. This is a very ponderous piece, weighing about four tons, and will have to be taken ont and replaced by a new one, now ready—a job of work which will occupy from three to four days. At the time this accident was discovered a very heavy and important mail, made up specially for the Atlantic, lay on the dock at the foot of Canal street, and the agent of the Vanderbilt was notified of the fact, as well as of the accident to the steamer, with a request that the letters shonld be forwarded in the Vanderbilt. This message reached Mr. Tor- rance a few minutes before noon, just asthe Van- derbilt was about to sail. Captain Higgins was im™ mediately communicated with and requested to delay his departure until the actual state of affairs could be made known to the Post Office authorities This was the more necessary, as the European mail made up for the Atlantic, was so very important | at this crisis that its detention fora few days here tiust prove of serious inconvenience to the mer- cantile community both in the United States and England. The Postmaster of this city having ascertained that the Atlantic would be detained for at least three days, telegraphed to the Department at Washington the state of the case, and added that Mr. Vanderbilt had offered to carry the Atlantic's mails for this trip for the same compensation paid to Mr. Collins per trip,and also that the Vanderbilt lay with steam up awafting an answer. After the Vanderbilt had waited for two hours the wires brought back the following reply:— Reaponsibility of @ failure le with Collins aad the Nevy We have no funds to pay out of. This message was received in New York at two o'clock yesterday afternoon, and in consequence of it the Vanderbilt set out at fall speed for Southampton, leaving the mails of the Atlantic behind. Nothing definite can be said as to the exact day on which the Atlantic will sail antil Monday next A now “cross tail” tor her machinery is on the Col- ins dock at the present moment. Viste of the Mecrstary of War © Governors taland. Gov. Ployd, accompanied by Gen. Totten, Col. Lay, Major Barnard and Lieut. McFurston, inspected the forts and barracks at Governor's Island yesterday. Gen. Scott was still indisposed and unable to be pre cent, At half-past ten o'clock the party proceeded in the officers’ barge from the Battery to the island. On landing they were received by a guard of honor, who saluted the distinguished Secretary, while at the same time a salute of twenty-one guns was fired from Castle William. The Secretary and suite peo- ceeded to the parade ground, where the troops were drawn op in line, for review, comprising the per- manent company of the garrison and a large batta- lion of recruits—seven companies in all—amounting to about six hundred men. The number of men now on the island is about 800; two hundred and thirteen having just departed for California. The officers on duty yesterday were Capt. Jones, who commanded the troops under review; Licuts. Bariget, Moore, Howard, Hol, Offley, Peck, Conrad, Pandy and Roan, with Doctors Loab and