The New York Herald Newspaper, April 1, 1857, Page 4

4 ~—TWE AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE, BOW THE TRAFFIC IS CARRIED ON. ‘Whe baw of the United States Against the Trade, and the Way it is Bvaded. EXPENSES AND PROFITS. Wamber ef Slaves Imported into Cuba and zi, American Vessels Captured and Con- demned as Slavers. Who are Engaged in the Traffic in the United States. ac, &o., &o. LAWS OF THR UNITED STATES L¥ BEGARD TO THE SLAVE TRADE. The proposal which was made some time ago to wevive the slave trade, and the discussions which have taken place in consequence thereof, have, in eennection with the large number of trials that were held recently in this city for violations of the | Jew prohibiting the importation of slaves, naturally | aroused the attention of the whole country. Oom- | paratively little, however, is known of the character | of these laws or the manner in which they Rave | ¢ been evaded; and at this time it becomes necessary to @ proper understanding of the whole subject thet the circumstances under which they were enacted, the manner in which they are evaded, and the way im which the slave trade is carried on, should be fally and clearly set forth. In the @rst place, then, it may astonisb our readers to learn that the dave trade is considered by the courts of the United | Btates ne a jegal occupation, although by lav it is declared to be piracy. Startling ae this may NEW im the United Statee the number of Africans is nearly or ten to one of those that were imported. over the interval from the period when the slave trade wae declared to be piracy to wong 1840, we find that the number into xi} from that to 1861, inclusive, was 348,609, or a little more 30,000 a year. During same period the umber im: into Cabs, amounted to an average of about ,000 a year. The foliowing tabies show the importations into Brazii and Cuba from 1851 to 1854:— Imported into Brezi! in the year 1861. 7" 1862, 1868 “ “ Total ..... Imporied into Oobs For the four years from 1851 to 1854, inclusive, as mives sanrerags i tation ie) baih sennicing sensing over 34,000 a year. more than three-fourths of the whole number was reported to the mixed commission, the yearly ave rage for this period may be set down at 45,000. From the year 1854 there were very few, if any, slaves imported into Brazil, in consequence of the laws passed by the government of that country Sgainst the traffic. slave trade is now mainly, if not wholly, carried on with Cuba, which imports about twenty thousand slaves ever, —which, added to the total of the trade with Brazil and Cuba since the year 1850, gives the average number | imported every year, ap to the present time, at about 30,000. If the protit realized on the purchase of one slave amounts, as we have shown in the following tables, to $365, the total profite of one year’s trade will therefore be about eleven millions of dollars:— 88,000 EXPANSES 0} VRRSELS AND OUTPTT, Weges savances... Steaitegs in New York py the ag Commission of 10 per cent on the whole expenses... Tota! cost of versel ard ovtit.........+ sreevee $18,700 XPENSES ON TER COAST OF AFRICA, Cost of 400 negrocr at $50 per head Pay of crew aud cfficers op the coast. Gratification money to the american ca; 'D HOMEWARD PASBAGB. appear, it is nevertheless a fact that cannot | be controverted. At the time of the Revolution | it is well known that the colonies were engaged in it, and it was regarded as @ legal traffic by all nations. By the constitu- | tien of the United States the importation of | slavee could not be prehibited before the yéar 1803; | bat in 1794 Congress passed a law forbidding Ameri- | ean vessels from engaging therein, and punished | every violation of it by a fine of two thousand dollars on the master or owner, and the confiscation of the vessel. In the year 1800 another law was en- acted inflicting a penalty of one thousand dollars aad two years imprisonment on any person who should be found guilty of having voluntarily served om board a vessel engaged in the slave trade. From & consideration of these laws it is evident that no | American citizen can be punished for carrying on the business of a slave factor on the coast of Arica. | This of itself would be sufficient to prove that the Wnited States have not actually abolished the slave trade, and that the prohibition in re- gard to their citizens engaging in it extenis @nly to those who may be employed upon glave ships. In 1807 a law was passed in- creasing the penalties on the owner, master, or fac- tor found guilty of fitting out any vessel within the jurisdiction of the United States with the intention of employing it in the slave trade; but in 1828 there wae an important change in the legislation upon ‘this subject—the prohibition was put upon the vea- gol, and was tothe effect that no vessel should be tit ted out by any person for the purpose of transport- img negroes or persons of color from one country to another, there to be held as slaves, under penalty of forfeiture of the vessel and cargo. This penalty at- teaches, although the vessel may not have left the erigina) port, the moment that the owner, or mast :r, er factor of the vessel has had her fitted up for the purpore. The law also provides that every owner, or master, or factor who fits out such vessel in such manner with the inteat to employ her in such trans portation of negroes, shall be liable to fine and imprisonment. By the Ashburton treaty, which ‘wae made in 1°42, the United States and England agreed to maintain in service on the coast of Africa ® force of vessels, carrying in all not less than gighty guns for the suppression of the trade; but from the inadequacy oi the force or the snuerier skill and adroitness of the slave traders, they have {piled to prevent the shipment and expertation of blaves; and with the exception of the captare of a few slavers in the course of a year, they make no impression whatever on the traffic, which is carried ep with great vigor. It will be perceived frem the foregoing that al theugh the statates of the United States have de- clared the slave trade to be piracy, they have said me more than that American ‘citizens should not fit out ships in an American port with the inten- tion of using them for the purposes already speci- fied. The defective construction ef the law renders it entirely inoperative in a great majority of cases, and it is now a notorious fact that a large portion of ‘the slave fiect of the world is fitted out in the port ef New York. A merchant in Broad street, for in I 2 i $ z wpe Ht 588 F the it of the Gonly waaioesl 90h, i i be tor a contravention terms of the statute itself. PROGRESS OF THE SLAVE TRADE AND THE NUMBER | OF SLAVES TAKEN FROM APRICA. The American slave trade, from the time of its inception in the first years of the discovery of Ame- rica, has undergone great changes, both as regards he flag under which it has beea carried on and the mations that have been engaged init. At first it | ‘Was prosecuted almost exclasively by the Spaniards and Porteguese, who brought over a few negroes to the Antilles and the newly settied districts of Brazil. ‘The trade shortly after passed into the hands of the English, whose superior aki!) and energy as aailors and traders gave them s:ivautage over the Cavaliers of Spain, who, fresh from the Moorish wars, were then settling the countries of tropical America. Bristol, in England, was for a long time the princi pal seat of the slave trade, and Liverpool owed a part of her early growth to the same profitable oc- pes Contracts were entered into by the Rng traders with the Spanish government, and every effort made to obtains ner of the trade, in which they succeeded ina great measure. Alout one handred and fifty years ago some ente: ing French traders endeavored to compete with the English, bat = have | Son tote any large portion of the African ve trade. the Engiish ap to the beginning of the present century were the great slave traders of the world. The first introauction of African slaves ‘was in 1620, by » Dutch vessel from Africa to Vir- ginia. Mr. Casey, in a work v) the slave trade, says that the “trade in negro siaves to the American colonies was too small before 1755 to attract atten tion.” In that year 511 were imported into Charles ton, and in 1765-'66 those imported into Georgia numbered 1,482. The importations up to the year 1808 numbered al: ir 333,000. The statistics of the trade with Cuba and Brazil from the t of the present century to 1840 are 80 defective and Nareliable that it would be utterly useless to xive them. Besides, so little attention was Sty to this partof the subject till after the year 833 by the Anti-Slavery ety, and humanite rians Ny that the returns were not full aud enough for pnblication, Under these cir camstances we have not included them; but the nomber imported hy both countries during the peried referred to could not have been bess than a million and a balf. ‘We may state here incidentally, that of the 1,700. 090 slaves who were t from the coast of Afri em to the British West | up to the year 1817, only 660,000 survive, ive Tak hat there are net two remaining for every five Were imported; while of the precise é Coptain’s head money, sveraging $15 per besd, on 380 negroes, allowing for 2v aeaths om the essage... $5,760 | Head maney 10 officer 28) ‘Wages of crew and cfficers 2,600 DMD ii ind cdteidies anes $10,050 BS sxrmnawe anrem THE ARATVAL OF THD VRSERL IN CUBA, Gratidcation money to the Captain General at $5) abead..... .... Landing experses $34 » head. TOtRl ees eens . BECAPHITULATION €)" EAYERDES, Cont of vesse! and outfit... $19,380 ino $22,800 TOU). .0. sees csee seen AFD BXPENARS Pepgizet for 400 negroes in market at $600 a Total 9 OD cargo. Which is equal to sbout $366 per negro. conten cab aebeds which are held out i = — and wi it to s1- Seer eee regis com ively number of our men, and those who are anxious to become sadden ly so, to embark in the slave trade. In fact, there never was a time, perhaps, when the trade was so actively carried on at this port as it is at present. TRBATIBS FOR THE ABOLITION OF THE SLAVE TRADE. The agitation commenced by the humanitarians about the beginning of the nineteenth centary, began to effect serious changes in the manner of carrying on the trade. Its early abolition by the United States and England drove the citi- zens of those two countries from the field, whieh was taken peseession of by the Portuguese and Spanish, who at that time were establishing their settlements on the coast of Africa. The ui ‘exertions which were made by France and Engle” and the treaties which have been entered into be tween those Pewers and other nations, have had the effect of circumscribirg more and more the scene of | this traffic. Treaties were eventually formed with Brazil and Portugal abolishing it entirely, Spain having entered into a simflar compact, which she complied with to a certain extent, but the treaty has never been | carried out. The continued endea- vors of England to have those treaties carried out, according te their epirit and letter, have resulted in pee eoeres the trade between Africa and the Brazil, and the only countries which ceatinue to im; negroes from Africa fer the purpose of sup- ph the demand for slave labor are Spanish of Cuba apd Porto Rico, Tn 1835 a new treaty was made between Spain and England, by which the former country the ae ae ba Soe FO hae on ae ede fabey RM os Py under the flags subsequent treaties be- but countries have led to the from Africa by slave ships. of the voyages which are or papers ike 1) HOW A SLAVER IS FITTED OUT AXD PERFORMS HER | VOYAGE TO AND FROM AFRICA. A vessel which has seen some years of service, of good quality asa sailer,and with a foir outfit, is purchased in one of the ports of the United States, | and a contract made with the seller that he shall de- liver her at a certain port on the African coast. This he has a legal right to do, under the law as it | at present stands, as he is legally supposed to know nothing of the subsequent employment of the | , and is not responsible therefor. On board of this oenst a small tity of lumber is siftpped, with rice and provisions, a age oe = cooking for a large number of . jing apparatus forms 8 portion of the indirect ‘evidence of th inten: tion to engage in the slave trade; but thongh it may bea cause of suspicion it has never proved | sufficient for conviction or condemnation, In addi- | tion to this she is required to take on board, at some quiet spot,a large namber of water casks, to be filled upon the coast of Africa, for the purport of supplying the negrees en the homeward le ‘Bhese water casks are geoneraily held to be,in — - arrangemen®, swificient to | a charge of intent to en- gage in the slave ; and are, therefore. always taken on board immediately before depar ture from port, or pears the vessel touches at some amall eu! in the vicinity, and takes them on board after she has eleared and sailed from the harbor of New York. Some of them have touched st Greenpoint, on the western shore of Island, | io rece! roby — casks there, wi Nana } ve received them during their passage throu the Sound—others a Geshing for that —~ ; at the mouth of the Connecticut river, or some of | the little ports along the Sound, and nota few re- ture to the port for having an excuse rare in anticipation. The vessel is provided with ber reguiar papers for clearance, and having received | her casks, at once apon ber voyage; so it | Will be seen that the suspicious eireumstances cen- | nected with ber do net congregate around ber wil ail her papers have heen issued by the Custom House,sand she is almost beyond the jurisdic. ; tion of the courts. The censequen j net one out ef twenty of the vessels in the United States for the coast ef Afri brought within the power of the law. cleared the coast, they pursue their voyage to africa, counting apon the protection of the American flag to secure them from search by Britieh croisers, aud having escaped detection by them, they are run into some of the numerous river arms that characterize the Afrioan coast. Here they are enabled to load twenty, thirty, and even as far as forty miles from the shore, and secure a favorable opportunity for departure, of which they are informed by their lookouta, and which they generally effect immediate- ly after the sailing of cruiser in her visit along the shore. The run to Cube ie made, as we have already stated, without papers of any kind, the American Gapunander and crew having been left upon the nection with the cooking condemn the vessel 0) day ing the initial letter ingellibly flesh. | York, nor are | The reports j and Wt coast of Africa, from whence they find their way «me through Sierra Leone or Mourovia. On arriy- ug at Cubs the negroes are landed upon some un- frequented spot, and generally with the knowled; of the officers of the ernment, who are in t confidence of the deal They are then imme- diately carried into the interior and distributed among the planta‘ions, so that the large number of new no: proes may not attract public attention. vessel is burned, or sometimes sent to an American port to get apers, or they have succeeded in getting papers Re ber in a Spanish port; after which she is sent in ballast to the United States, or in some instances to aportin Germany. During the voyage all evidence the traflic in which she has been concerned is de- stroyed; and if she succeeds in entering an Ameri- ean port, she may be again fitted out and make an- other voyage. it the greater part of the vessels now used in theee voyages are destroyed or aban- doned by their owners; and this is reason of their seeking im the purchase of the vessel to obtain one aes Ebay) Ferg ony oe > ry mn of B @ slave ge is a simple Pasineas ; The Blan ie arranged in Cuba, the point of landing selected, the officers of the government brought iato the business, unless, indeed, are well known to be favorable to the trade, se that their confidence can be counted upon, and asum of cr | sufficient for the purchase ot the vessel is remit to New York or to some other place in this country, with an order to a broker or commission merchant to purchase a suitable one, and send her out under the arrangements we have de- scribed, to the coast of Africa. As this trade lies under a eg in this cot , those men who are engaged in outfitting of slavers make large sams of morey by their exactions. Itis not unusual! tor them to charge ten thousand dollars for a vesse! which they have bought for six, and the various articles which constitute the outfit are sold to the Cuban slave trader in the same proportion, while, according to ¢ircumstances, there are namerous other charges for hush-money given to custom house officers, district attorneys, United States mar- sbals, and many others of the sharpers that are supposed to hang around our ports on the look ont for such ‘‘fat jobs.” We have heard of ¢ case in which a sharp broker in this city, who has done very little business for the past two years, has oeen enabied to live at a rather fast rate, and now owns abouse valued at fifteen thousand doliars, clear of mortgages, and which he is supposed to have made in the profitable fitting out of twe, or at the most, three, vessels for the Coast of Africa. Another instance has been to. | told us which may be regarded as pretty fair illus- 1,000 | tration of the characters in this city who are indirectly engaged in the traffic, and many of whom have made large fortunes through their connection with it. The congregation of one of our fashionable churches ap town bat resolved on raising a subscription for the purchase of a gift to their minister, or to send him off to Pu- Py) for the bronchitis; we don't know which, and it is of little or no comsequence. They had, however, resolved on raising a subsoription for his benefit, and, on the day appointed, the plate was handed round, the ‘minister looking om with perfect indif- terence to all earthly objects, and an utter abnega- tion of worldly things that was delightful to behold. Tn its rounds plate was presented to two comfort- able reverend looking Christian men who stood high ee eer ee yy whom they were regarded as pillars of church, and who were ex- to be ularly liberal on this occasion. ¢ first to whom it was presented deposited a fiftv dollar bill on the plate, and the second was about contributing his when he perceived that it was e hundred instead of a fifty dollar note that he held in his hand. He_ hesitated, and was in the act of returning it to his pocket, when his friend perceiving his hesitation, said— “Never mind, Tom, it’s only two black birds, and u'll soon make it up.” The two black birds trans- lated, signifies two negroes, and the liberal and pious member of the church was deeply interested in the ala 5 e bill was di ited on the Pe pore ang yeamnerapend rear er pe A wh collection there was suflicient subscribed to cure the minister’s bronchitis, or make him a handsome a dozen starving families iter. Having made his arrangements to procure a ves- sel in the United States, the Cuban slave trader makes a remittance to kngland and sends orders for shipment to the coast of Africa of the goods neces- sary to carry on the barter with the traders there. For this reason the outfit of the vessel contains no- thing but the food and water forthe rewurn voyage of the negrees, and a little lumber for the purpose oi making a slave deck. ‘The purchase of the negroes is effected with goods that are placed upon the coast in a different way. Cargoes are sent out from England to the slave factors, and they also obtain a portion of their supply of cotton goods and shackles trom the British traders at Leone. When the establishmen* of Don Pedro Blanco, one of © Most noted and successful of the African slave traders, was in existence at Gallina River, a short disiance south of Sierra Leone, it was even asserted among the slave traders of Cuba that cargoes of his negroes which had been captured and carried into Sierra Leone, and there condemned so the British Courts, were resold to him at his factory, to which they were been by land by native traders, and again reshipped within the period of one month of their frat capture. negroes’ were known to him from the fact that they bore his brand—a capital “B.,” the initial of his own namo—imme- diately the left nipple of the breast. This brand was made by a small punch of iron, which was heated and applied to the skin till it raised a blister, which in a couple of would heal, leav- marked upon the WHERE THE SLAVE FLEET 18 FITTED OCT. Vessels for the African slave trade have been fit- ted ont at Baltimore, New York, Bristol, R. I., Bos: ton, and Portland, Me.; but New York is the favo- because it is se much easier in the be feund in the fact that the people of New York bave not the same spirit of inquiry as to the busi- ness of their neighbors, that distinguishes the inha- Piladelohian [i former bey Myrdal - apie in the outfit ep ey bypemgeneere yrod emp | men of low nos comeuet of commercial ‘itec Not untre- is anxiously waiting to receive it, carries it Rico, or to some T part of the than that to which it was destined 7; Ed able to ascertain, instances of rascality on of men to whom these affairs are entrusted ceedingly rare, and indeed more rare than in dinary transactions of honest bnsiness—a fact can onl, oant for on the supposition that there honor a ig thieves. It is very seldom that a slaver is fitted out in Orleane, or any of the gulf porta, aa they do not a! ford the facilities which are to be obtained in New to be found there so readily disposed and able to carry out the ne- — to secure the succeastul departure of the vee sel. ft is in New York, as we have stated, that the greater part of the siave fleet is out, and a large portion of the eapital is furnished by nome of her wealthiest citizens—men who have ac- jired their fortunes in this trade. The credit which ¢ Cuban slave trader enjoys in our market is pro- bablyas high as that of other class ef mer- chants, not even ¢: ting Rothschilds. They find no difficulty im ob ms Leyton te the largest amount here apon the securities they offer, and many of onr honest pselm singing. merchants take advan- tage of the odinm which attaches to the business, to cbarge an extra per cemtage for their services. THE MIXED COMMISION AND ITS OPRRATION. ‘The statistics in relation to the slave trade spon which the inforriation of the world on this subject is based, are obtained from the returns of the seve- ral mixed British commissions of Brazil, Coba and Sierra Leone te the government of (reat Britain. of these commissions are based o@ their returns of the arrival of cach cargo. its presentation in market. re turns are purchased hy them from brokers) en- im the sale of negroes, who for a small gratuity, are willing to report to the English Com- missioners the arrival of every cargo in the market. In almest every instance, in Cuba, the commis sioners make t reports the basis of @ commu- nication to the authorities, and dewand the aetion of the legal courte for the seizure of the slaves; but the conrta get out of the dificulty by making ® short delay in the issue of the order, taking care, in the mean time, to advise the slave dealer that it is to be iasued. The place denounced hy the Eng- lish commissioners as being the deposit the slaves is wently prepared for tht search. We have been told of a case of thie Kind that occurred seve. 4 m3 , * YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 1, 1857. ral years age at Havana, where a carg hundred ne, Venus and city for sa the same to the as the order ofthe pigsenn, toes mal sht be fo although the in half a mile, they not were sold in the markets. known it wea made the subject of severe tion on the part of the Captain General towards the British Commissioner, for having without justifiable cause induced him,to issue orders in a case ance this the r was satirica!ly asked whether it was not another Venus affair. AFRICAN SLAVES AND AFRICAN SLAVERY. The tribes of negroes which furnish slaves for the markets are notas a general thing known, nor are they te be found in the works of geographers or travellers. One of the best and most numerous ot these tribes is the Mandingo, whose habitat is placed on the western coast of Africa, inland from Monro- vis. They are generally considered aa making the best slaves for urposes. The Congoes, who are brought from districte south of the Equator,and about the mouth of the river Congo, are highly valued as agriculturists. The Carabali tribe give a clasg of ne- groes of the most active mind, to whom servitude is perhaps more intolerable than to any other tribe of Begroes, and who are panies | fitted for sma!) traders and pedlars. Those of thie trive that are brought to Cuba, are generally found in olties and towns, where they bire themselves from their masters and trade on their own account. The greater past of the water sellers of Havana are also taker the Caravalis. There are also the Ganga, the Arara and othere whore names we don’t find in apy work upon Africa, These all come frem the western coast of that continent, but they have been import- ing negroes trom Mozambique, which has become within a late period the principal scene of the Cu- ban slave trade, as the extension of colonization upon the western coast and the activity of the British cruisers have increased the dangers of departure from Africa, The coamperasively spall number of slaves that are brought from <A! to market has | Very little effect on the domestic markets there. number that is supplied to the caravans carry- ing on the demestie trade in every direction across the Afriesn continent far exceeds those d from the coast. In fact, a large majority of the na- tive popes of Creag peng hey are held in a state of tlavery of worst descrip- tion by members of their own race. The prisoners taken in war are held as slaves, and the experience of the slave traders es that husbands will sell their wives and chi other articles of among them. Incursions are frequi by one tribe into the territories of another for the capture of negroes to be sold as slaves, and there are instances on record of the unfortunate capti having been deliberate), captors found the spp in the demand. In fact, qeohs ‘° — id phosi 1 degradi of =m an ical la tion and the history of tha: continent does net tell us et @ time when the negro race was ever in any other condition. The most revolting and horrid crimes are common among them, and cann‘balism sepeete to be the practice among nearly all the tril We are that in Africa “a man is the standard of prices—e slave is a note of hand that may be discounted or pawned; he is a bill of ex- pou Sean at = ge eye and ys neni ym tax corpo- ray ine se taquirien smcza people cq ie ot our inqui among people acqueict- ed with this trade us to believe that the know- 5 § aul fl i F = i : NAMES OF VESSELS CAPTURED AN CONDEMNED AS SLAVBRS AT THIS PORT BETWEEN 1536 AnD 1956. The following is a record of the names of vessels which were captured as slavers. It extends back as 1838, the ship Transit the of New York a q vessel was seized Gra $1,500. From this date to 1846 there is no record in the office of the United States District Attorney. 1846,—The scheoner Patuxent was libelled March 11, 1846. She was condemned and advertised for ic. Among the rest ef the claimants was one Shaw, who put in a claim for wages. On 13th March, 1848, the libel was dismissed with ficate of probable cause of seizure,’ all costs having heen . 1847.—Dee. 11, 1847, the schooner Mary Ann was libelled ander the act of © 1794, and 1800 and 1818, Wm. Y. Martin, ef 132 Broome street, appeared as claimant. Wm. Collis and Wm. L. Meher ship chandlers, corner of Roosevelt street and a ith street, were the 1848, canse of a Maret 28, 1847,—A few onths previgu' seigure, s the bagk Chance)- the dis: nthartnn, , avghable of vessel the | "the Riven: Morris. eondemned. rdered one Pure, tain behalf of J. | either Geo. ‘hanan \ Censamptien and Production ef Sugar, Coffee and Rice. ‘The rapid growth of the whit- aces in \udes !p population, im pbhyetes/ and pecuniary bas caused a vast increase in the consumptive di the products of tropics! This demand takem the available labor of the dark races deva their cultivation. The articles for which the demand has become are those which supply cloihing and food—suob as sugar, coffee and rice. At the head of the list cotton —the great question of the day being ite sup an adeq extent to meet the consumption ‘This question has produced aarm im Great By whose vast commercia! and manufacturing int are 20 largely based upon ao emple supply o cotton, The question has beem discussed in the E journals, ‘x Pariiameni, on ibe Exobange in Li) im the East India House, and before the Mi Chamber of Commerce. In these discussions cherished phantom regarding the ultimated ‘sufBcient cotten from India, africa, or other soar: side of the United States, has been held up as poss!! accor] Mixed with all this, however. there has been siropg common sense views pu: forth. The Manchester Guardian has a‘mitted that manufacturers will be compelled to pay higher p cotton, and thinks that their doing so will lead rapid increase of its cultivation in the United 8 goee on to state that a large transference of siave 1a taling place from tho corn fivids of the more no! States of the South to the cotton pisating Staice— wit refeo'ing, however that this prooves has beor go ‘or the last thirty or forty years, until this migratio been ebecked by the advance im tobacco and he 1 «tes of Virginia and Kentucky, to an extent der their labor as valuable for weir production Voted (0 the cultivation of cotion The london /.mes for the nonoe taking ® com sense View of the sudject, ari conciue n that labor, Uatted States, is the only kind Hable for tre p 1 op of cotton, and that the tims must soon arrive tte consvimption will be so great as to absorp the production of the world at remucerative prices, | cultivation be pushed in whatever quarter of tue ¢! also conceives that the lor was libelled, June 11, 1847. She was claimed by the celebrated Captain Theodore Canot (since turned author) and Thomas D. Mathews. She was hended by Robert Jones and Thomas Gardner. S. P. was examined on the part of the claim- 1848.—March 15, 1845, the bark Laurens, claimed by Messrs. Sores and Usher, was libelied. After- duly Tadd She broaght $9,900, ‘The clamant ol , 1249, it $3,900. claimant: of the specie fonnd on board was a Mr. J. R. Soany. 1848.--About this time proceedings were com- menced in regard to the proceeds ot certain prizes taken by the United States schooner Bonito, Captain Engle; also in regard to prizes taken by the United States steamer Scourge, and the United States reve- nue steamer McLane. 1849.—The bark Ann D. Richardson was libelled Jan. 27, 1849, under act of gongrems 22d March, 1794. Den Luis ‘Henrique Ferreira d’Aguiar, Consul General of Brazil, appeared as claimant and filed a protest against the of the authorities. the of nineteen of the crew the District Attorn consented that the vessel might be diacher, ey from the custody,aud e1 a won the seizure was Gbtained tres April 25, 1849, a libel was filed the harge brig Suean, sent home by brig Perry of Lieut Thos. G. ‘Hunter ri ie aah, ae believe) an answer to John W. and Wm. H. Harbeck filed bales . f: ap a, ine Ube wap dlecsisaod a certificate of pro! cause seizure. Connected with this vessel sppear the namesof Da Cruz, Jose Maria d’Amaral, Jose Antonio de Lousa Bastos, Alexander Jose da Cruz, Louis Undal Cegar, Bentos Pachecodcs Santos, Mam Y. Barboza, Capt. Walfred and Wm. P. Troxten, and five or six others. After argument as to probable cause of sei- aure. gave and recei:ed consent dismissin; meee. a eid after July 18, 1850, the phe tha was Nbelled, and im August 6th of the same , and on the 20ch of the same Lieut. Maurice Simmons and Lieut. Madison , contributed their testimony in effecting the condemnation and sale of this vessel. 1852.—Bark Chance!lor—case stil] pending. The veesel was captured. 1854. ‘hr. H. N. Gamble, libelled and con- January, 1854, a4 a slaver, and sold tor Jefferson indicted for serving on board the H. N. Gamble, but not tried. James Smith, captain of the elaver Julia, convict- ea on the capital offence. New trial granted anda plea to voluntary serving on board taken by the Suviestient and sentenced to three years imprison- ment. Darnaud, captain of the Gra le, arrested and sent to Phiiadel phia for trial, wi was acquitted. 1854.—Wm. F. Martin, Stephen Vasques, Theo. ers, A. G. Reynolds and Rodolph E. for being engaged the slave Horatio, tried and acquitted June 1856. The Horatio was des- troyed at sea after her capture. 1855.—Manuel Echevt for fitting out the slaver mire Depea, Cer and ~~ " __ 18 joseph Lopez lasper Marech, for be- ing engaged in slaver Falmouth, fined and discharg- ed. ¢ Falmouth was condemned and sold, with cargo, for $5,000. There were several who were tried for their connection with this vessel, some of whom were fined and others discharged. 1856.—A, Delano, Jr., Captain of the brig Bra- man, discharged, and need as a ernment wit- ness. Some of the officers were , found guilty made thelr es and sent to prison, but therefrom. The brig was condemned. '866.— Wm. R. Naylor, master of the bark Pan- chita, was examined before a Commissioner and in ed In ition to those which we the following were ci a years, and several of Bark employmer} of compulsory Nehment of African slavery in man broker of New York, writi dents attributed ie ad and = winter to have given above the last three at sea:— Lees foreign cotton. Burnt ot Bostom and Leaving @ balance of... Difference in stock in 1866 and 1856, Julia Mystic, bai N. York.. blic, and ports fleet which leaves New York, Boston, eastern sea ports in the course of a single sists of about forty vessels of various from one hundred to four hundred tons, of carrying from four hundred to six hundred each. Every vessel is manned by crews of from fif- teen to twenty-five men, includin, captain and officers, making a total for the fleet of wbout heey d men. The whole of the Copp om 8 De TON To THs litm mancH, 1867. Reseaite hime new rte mane eee. Stock om hand Ist September, 1858, iit uf New ‘ork 's exospted Jur. Oourt of Comason shall mabe tho the bi ye a cept on respectable fon, tavern, &o. — tbe’ memoria! of — ey por Uowe are that - meat. ‘The act is to On Frofane ae Firm Avance, a 30, 1867. Jaxms G, Baer, hag = Pernais soo to treapean & moment upea your Ui while bear textimony 10 the oorrest judgment and good te. cee earereacine Zee comemetes Coen the pestis 6 call N protune—fer T eateems & profaaation of the art she 80 outrageously misrepresents; im commo: uh a ielorty of teas whe bay bs Sie bave at a called forth from « portion of the press. 1am a great admirer an@ patron when its on: Lean 4, and the stage is made to praved passions, then it ie 1 wish I i, Caen journal possesses Theatrical and M Bros) w4\.—Buokstone’s interesting ‘Agnes do Vere.” ia te be followed by the feats of the sec acious ta this evening. called Rende7vous,’’ will close the entertainments Nivco’s —Young Hengler, Young Amerioa and their as- ‘sociates will this evening go their worderfal ma a ys the Ravels in “Blanche.’’ Bowsny.—Three of Mr. 8. Barry's most successful pieces are to be for bis benetlt this evening, viz, the pow drama called “Diek ” the new farce of the ‘Com bman and Heiress,”’ that rich 7, the *l’ersecnted “Oar Gal” whimesicalty, will algo be played. Borrow's —The new comedy of ‘Wall Street,” which runed of i cant embrocan fae names of the present week, is te a pert of Camilic, in her own thet name, this evoning, ‘Out for a Holl vi ie enien Mr a. basa part, ie closing piece. Lave Kenya's —In compliance with the desire of » javge gumber of Mise Keene’s Mr. Simpson’ in- teresting drama entitied ‘The 7? @ill be enacted thie ev>ning. tm connection with the pleasing epestacie of ante, Ove Beit, the famous pianist, is working with » seldom evinced Way artists. Ho is cert in Newark =— another {n Trenton his Inst but one in this ‘on Friday, Brooklyn on Saturday, V1 ts strumental performers assis\ at all Tee Pree Are, Mareison Trovrs.—The city of the aqeh a 4 bh & Mixom's Hall. of the musical taste of this city, that of the y have crawn crowded and we believe ve been betier appreciated here than in any place in wich they have app 5 The ornate or forid siyle of Misa Louten Fyne le 99) tous, much better adapted to the roam. theatre, although ae an sctrese she will rank with ang lady von the singe. A gieriens programme le'uphtor x last note prices tame period may be seen from the following TORACCO, 1848. 40.8 be. t " to night, {9 whieh an ollo of choice musteal will be Goced including severs! exquisite ballede Wy Mr Tharrton e Hornenatie, nections! by the troupe in thie ely ven ape in Tena toe Vouien tbe to {te otmom te), Moveh M. —~ Fraca’ wx THe Louisiana Srate LRGs ature. Representa