The New York Herald Newspaper, September 8, 1856, Page 2

2 Our Washington Correspondence. Wasuivorow, August 27, 1856. The Committee on Printing—Immense Bapendsture of Pub- lic Money—Senaior Wilson's Position— The Projected Bu- ehanan Organ in New York—Huge Swindle—Bleeding for One's Country, he., de. Mr. Nichols, of Ohio, made an effort this morning to re- port from the Committee on Public Printing, in answer to the following resolution, which was adopted last Feb- ruary — That the Committee on Printing ara instructed to f repo: ote Housg the amount expended for printing, bind. ime ue engray og for each of the Various departmen's of the gover met during the last four fiscal years. Ar also that said comm tiee inquire and report, by Dill 0 othe: wise, as ‘o the expediency of establishing a gov- oe nt pr nung office, under the charge of ihe Departunent of he |: terior, ‘Objection having been made by some members to any genera: legislation during the extra session, the report of Mr. Nichols was aot received, but as it embraces some tu- doresting items of public expenditure, I give your readers the substance of the rep ort. The following letter from the Superintendent of Public Printing, in reply t> a call from the committee, gives the figures as nearly as they can now be arrived at, ag to the cost ot the public print- we Orrice oF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF PrRLtc PRINTING, WASHINGTON, Aug. 9, 1556, How. M. H. Nicwous, Chairman of Commitiee on Printi House of Representatives :—In reply to your inquiries respec ing “the amount expended for printing, binding and et gray- fag for each of the various departments of the government, during the lst four fiscal years,” [have to giate that the infor- mation sought cannot be furnished in full from the re- ards of this oftice. for reasons which will be given in the pro- gress of th the contract system for executing ished, u ssage of * An t J, and ch of the p commenced hen for ontracts: were not Felina uished 0th Jur control w braneh of the binding and ch ant caterwed eed to give you the infor. yject matter is ollieially Enown to PRINTING. ETC, FOR THY SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESEN Ast Session, 32d Congres felted by cor r— Printing Poper Tot + $113,479 94 Seasion, 42d Congress Printing $84,993 Paper 119,138 Total $24,071 Ast S+ssion, 23d Congress— Printin $119,488 Paper lt Engravings... WOM csi X scan vck shi asspcantang Eograving Bindi * ‘Tota’. eneseese Printins for Exeouiive departmen’s Printing Paper Total.. Printing for Bxecuuve departments for li inting partment printing execu tIncludes $40 444 70 of Post Oflce printing—a much larger amount having been executed under contract. Itmay be proper to state tha! the printing for the Thirty. third Congress ‘s not yet completed, and that (he amount stat ed will be considerably increased.’ The work yet ununished embraces ‘be reports o dons in quarto form— voluminous aud {a lar the following items, as reported by the Register of the ‘Treasury — Gongreesiona! Globe and Appendix for 1852... Do. do. 18 , 53 De. do. 1854 De. do. 186d. Total .. see $317, Ou the subject cf establishing a government pr: @fce, the com mittee report that it would bs entirely in expedient, ax increasing largely the cost of the p printing. and crealing a swarm of new officials to plunder the pudiic treasury. ‘A copper mining newspaper speculator, notorious fm New York and other parts of ved ent of money beggar for the “re og thirteen thousand doilars, ds afunt of $100,000, necessa-y of a Buchanan paper in fund, it appears, has yet deen accounted for, although a large portion “of the money was received by the collector over six weeks since. One gentieman of Mobile who gave to the fund six thonsand dollars, for which he was to lu stock in tbe concern to that amount, heard nothing @ince the moory jeft him. and is now in Washingtwe, gain tog information, on bis way to New York. In this state ment there is not ® word of exaggeration, inasmuch as your correspondent has seen the Mobile victim, end was shown by him the name of the party on paper who bas thos mysteriously made way with his money. The etpient’s name is not giver be bas seme beck argument to show that Which he ‘will find {t to his interest to prove, if eosountered by the injured party. Iam perfectly satirtied that {mmense¢ wia. dies have beep made by £) called prominent poitivians on the plea of collecting money for a New York Bactanan pa. Five members of Congress assure me that they Subscribed and paid down their money more than & worth since. and frem that day to the presemt they have heard no more of the intended orga ‘Since this case of tbe Aiabamian was presente, | hare made inquiries in quarters well pose’ up in whe move apente OU daz, AOD RE Spinkod Prevens sat large Gatos of money have been secured under faise pret ‘This notice may have the eect (0 prt the coatributing see, 0a thelr cusrd, while it will acquaint thore ba their money for w York Bachanan paper Pr , On their part, is very necessary under exirt ng circumstances, The amount of the Hearn» circulation in this city, as lished in its columns, falls far below the actual mark. Shillington informs me that be dispores, daily, of from three bundred to three hundred aod fifty, aod Mr. Adaameen, bookseller, opposite the Post office, bax de- mands fortwo hundred and fifty, and frequently three bandred copies. Besides these two instances there are from « hundred to a bundred and fifty sold by boys at the boteis. Relazation: of Discipline in the Navy Department—Cawe o the Nem Apprarance of our Squadron at St. Domingo —~Scandalows Waste of the Public Momy tn the Mode of Buppiying Coal for cur War Stcamers—Oher Spendihrift Beyenditurer, de, de ‘The goverpment # not to diame (or the non appearance Of our yorseis Of war at St. Domingo. The commander of the squadron received instructions, over six months dace, to ‘visit St. Domingo at short latervais with some © Of the veerels under bis command,’ but it would seem eat these 80 ruppored necessary orders from the Naty De parte ent bave not been carried oat. Complaiats of « stm Jar kind bare been received from the Mediterrancaa where sore of our vestels of war have been locked up et ports of plearure, for four months at a time, seldom making their appearance, as in the cose of St. Domi igo, where mort required. A few years since a Commodore detached fr xm his eommand a rteumer, which was used only to carry abou from place to place bis wife and members of his fannily Over naval commanders have, in the main, strong objec Mone to show themselves at places where they cia have * and such constructions as please them are heir orders from tie department at Wasbington proscribed porte, and conse vals AD example of perfect Boticradle in the recent cruise of the Independe ence W instractions Is jer commander went where he pleased, did as be pleaved Gnd har returned without executirg 'a solitary order ta ald instrusions, The la-pest erty vv the fewest nam ber is, toa material extent, the principle upoo which od abject of the mary, it i well to men on that the Navy Department ships for our steamers in the Medvterranean the coal which is cons med by them. emountirg antualiy 1 thousands of tons. [have been furnished with the actual cot of & ton of esi con! @t the time it is received on beard of steamers it shows % 8 remarkable extent the economy of ovr government The Grst cost of the coal ia quoted at from seven doilare and fifty cents to eight dollars per ton Freightege of fame, ray to Gibraltar, eight dollars per tom, removal of game vod wtorace, two collars per ton, making at the Jowest mark the cast per ton Jara, A4 this, 100, in face ean be bind at Gibraitar for four Yotars Another ynrtance of economy is presented in the ahip Ment of boxes and packages froma the department: to our ational vessels an@ Igemions, by Way of the Mediterra Bean, which com tHe government yearly large sums. There boxes, Kc.. intteng of being sent by dircet con veyances, @! ~\ fF hed, are parpesely d on board of sowe ffvorite abity, where exorlitant ee demanded, which vemaj may be bound for jere these boxes and packged are discharged and stored away to await re-shipment further ex . The same ovariably gone gh with twenty times before reaching their final destination. One box alone of Congressional docomonta on ot Rin irty three erate, botore i was reoel ved.” te not , or w m uma®, perfectly fair by party rule and custom? es a the coal at eighteen lo! the fac: that a better coal u sll ‘ i i NEW YORK HERALD. MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 1856. Our Canadian Correspondence, Toronto Aug. 22, 1856. The Great Railway War in Upper Canada—Prospact of @ Chancery Suit—The Opposing Forces—Appeal to the English Stockholders— Movements of the Financiert— Will British Funds Buy the Southern Railway Line:—How the Government Influence Goes—A Chapter on Political Economy—Brotection ws. Free Trade—Electioneering Mactics—Government Policy Condemned—Public and Prwate amusements—The Wheat and Oat Crops—Mar- kets—Oricket Match. Legreat railway campaign of Up er Canada 13 now being prosecuted with m re than ordinary vigor and im- placabiiity, and t is generally surmised must seek final termination in the Court of Chancery. Isaac Bu- chanan, the would-be Railway King, has obtained a yan- tage ground, from which his opponents will find it a mat- ter of great difficulty to expel him. He has, to use the language of the noble art, “drawn first blood and first knock down.’? The means whereby he has attained this Jead me to assume that all stratagems are fair ia war. | suppose Mr, Buchanan believes himself quite justified in the course he has pursued. He has addressed a letter to the English sharebolders of the Great Western, de- fending his proceedings, and calling upon them to joie with bim i exultation over bis apticiva: . victory, Over whom, think ye !~rather a formidavie list of assailans (“in his mind’s eye,” however), viz —~lét, a great aum- ber of the shareholders o! the Great Western; 2dly, Mr. Brydges, the Managing Director of tue Great Wi a 8d, the Hon. E. Dorning; 4th, the New York Central and the Michigan Central Railroad Companies; 5th, Mr. merman and his colleague; 6th, the Grand Trunk F road Company; and 7th, the Canadian government and its auxiharies—all leagued, banded together for the pur pose of ruining the Great Western, and all, collective individually defeated in their project by Isaac Buchanan, A Prometheus unbound, or a Hercules at his severe la bors, are the only similes which would properly repre sent the magnitude of this embodiment of superhuman geniug, cuteness and daring. Mr. Buchanan's charges against Mr. Brydges are said to be entirely without proof, aud have tet with an indig nant denial, This letter of Mr. Buchapan’s has been ea- trusted to Mr. McLeod, of Amberatsburg, and Mr. Hodge, Chief Engineer of the Eastern section, who haye gone bome in the packet of yesterduy, to lay the matter be- fore the English stockholders. 1 will now go lato a slight review of the several post tions of the belligerent forces -— The stock books of the St. Thomas and Amherstburg line had been open forsome time without the amouat having been subscribed which wae necessary for the organiza. tion of the company. Mr. Zimmerman offered to sub ser be some £250,000 of st ior himself aud friends, if the books were at once closed. This was agreed to by the provisional directors, and ten days after Mr. Zim ner- map banded to the Treaaurer a certificate of depost for the firet instalment of the 000 required to be paid down ; bit it was in his own bank, ia place of the Bank of Upper Canada, as required by the statute, and thus gives Mr. Buchanan bis first hold, as he contends that the snbecription is therefore null and void. Mr. Wallace’s naine (the well known engineer) was foand put down in the amberetburg subscription book for £500,000, but under most suspicious circumstances, it being evident that the book had been tampered with and the subscription alter. ed. Mr. Buchapan had put himself in communication with that gentieman and bad his stock handed over to bim, and paid £60,000 deposit Mr. Zimmerman’s friends allege that Mr. Wallace originally subscribed for £500, but that subsequentiy his subscription was altere 1, by Mr. Buchanan's counivat to £500,000, an also tbat Mr. Buchanan had no right to use the £50,000 deposit as be cil, it being Great Western money; and, consequently, waen Mr. Zimmerman and Mfr. Bu: cbharan appeared at the meeting of the shareholders with their friends to orgavize the company, &c., the provi sional directors rejected Mr. Buchanan aud his fiends, and declared Mr. Zimmerman and his triends duly elect ed. Mr. Buchanan's friends organized by themselves, and elected s separate oard of directors. Mr. Buchanan baving alvo beard that Mr. Zimmerman’s agreement for the contre! of the St. Thomas and Suspension Bridge line wae not legally closed, stepped in, overbid Mr. Zimmer man, paid down £30,000, had several frinds piaced on the boerd of cirectors, and managed to get bimself in stalled as president. But there ig something more to be J about Mr. Buchanan's project, viz: the pro. y of the Evglish stockholders agreeing to purchase uthern line ed bere this morning from New York, cc despatch, which states that bills for £40,(00, drawn by the Great Western upon the London board, bave been refused; these bills were discounted to Pay deposit on the Southern line. The Londoa board dis appreved of the Hamilton board's proceediags. The above was the pecsition of the parties when open war was diclared, regardiog the conwol of the St. Thomas ani Amborstburg line. Me. Zitomermac and bis friends admit tbat Me. Buchanan has obtained the contro! of the eastern section of the line, re determined to contest the other tach by inch. to the knife, iw their rallying word, and Mr. 7m ‘man is ope vot easily foiled: the influence of th ThMewt is eulisted upow bis side, and he should bece- ted in his appeal to Chancery, he has the resource lett Lim of obtaining a new charter.’ The Receiver Gene- ral has thrown outa hivt w this effect, and it is hkely I the influence of the government will be cnlisted op Mir Zimmermap’s bebalf. The old ery of there who uadertook the crusade ageinst Adem Smith and his followere, asserting that the doc tines of the medern sc t political economy are bared up false and erroneous prei 4, that the ancien! eystem Of protec'ion was the altia dom, and that it is the bourdes dul mine in what chagnels capital ebould Gow, end iu whet direction the indurtry and enterprise of a oun! be cullivated, ts now being revived by the po lower Canada—feeling, as they must do, how far they are behind the Prote:taut progressive spirit of Upper Carade tnd ascribing their auorl com: not to waut of energy and imnbesility of purpose, but to the waut of tecting uth which should uxclide the cheaper and Perior manufactures of the United States. No govern ment can be guilty cf @ greater error than that of at- tempt ng to eetablith a new manufovre, or encourage ® falling one, by the system of protecting dutics tl manufacturer does not gain the ditference io th price between the foreign production ond 68 OWD Manufacture, because the cost o oduction is greater to Lim than to thore against whom o's competing. The purchaser also loses in the in. ferior ty of the article supplied, because jorced maputac tures, protected by monopoly, are not only dear but bad, ‘tbe the experience of every merchant. What the manuiacturers of a cocntry should dem vd of a govermment should be the same request as tuat made by the Fretch people of Colbert, viz —"Lawsrs nous faire. Among the names of those goatlemen who have offer- ed thempelves ax candidates for the athe of Logieldtive Councillors, stands prominent that of James Boat ed of the Leader, he, in conyanction with Mr. M: rich, an eminent merchact of this city (reform), Mr. ten aud Mr. Voggan (misieterial) at ¢ candidates for the district 0( Saugeen. Taere i# one feature in the opposit.on Which does sot speak well for their nobility of purpose or of spirit, viz. that the same mean, paltry reference to & man® Cillicultios wad etruygies, as’ used in Fromont’s qaee, ere made of service here, ove Mr. Beatty made an cafortepate purchase for govert ment, in the pay meut of which he is im arrears, therefore, tays the Glole, be is unworthy of being elected ; Lecauce a Man may be ihealties, rough aay of the numerour acci! ts of according to the reform or gan, of Upper Canada, the electors are to consider nim unworthy of their confidence. Tuts is very little short of the spirit that Lrought up Fremont’s sbirts and breeches asa diequalificetion, [ would sooner trast mreli in the bande of the ert outcast of society. than in those of a man who enuncintes such sentiments and acts upon them. ‘The lesve of the Quebec meeting gives creat pleasure to the opponents o! the govertment, and their exultatiog ix mmeure. The reat of goveroment question, the Grand ‘Trunk and the North Store pill appear to have been the chief cause) on which their disswusfartioa grounded It muet be rather gailirg for the Ministry to dad eveo im Catbolie Canada thetr policy #0 bitterly ¢ mdomned ‘The progress of the weevil, or whea! fy, hes attracted gereral attention, and it las become erilent that some means must be resorted to, or the loss be very great. Bome bave suggested the giving up of growing wheat for «ston or two altogether—some one remedy, some jouer Among the pomber of those who esem de rircus really to take the matter in hand stands first Mati lip Vat coughnet, Minister of Agriculture, who has ofe-ed prizes of £45, £36 and £15, respectively, for the three best cesayson the bistory of the , the origin, na tore and babite. and the cane of the visite of the weevil fierrian fly, midge and such other insects as have mete ravages from tite to time on the wheat crop: in Canwia, Lon euch diseases as the wheat crops have been sub jected to, and on the best moans of ending of guarling It is not probable that the farmers of will be apt to refer to any of these exrars for ia formation, sithough some godd may arse out of the pro- ect. Acommission of practical mn would be more ikely to be of real service than theoretical effusions and vikicbary *pecuianona. Gor city magnates have placed themeelvewin rather an unpirasant precicament by refusing to great A livense to a cireur in Toronto, There is surely @ great diffrence between commen fiike and the descendaats of a Judge, The worthy Christian onto and ths amiable Lady Mayoress weekly band performance at their private residence, where the music is of such @ serapiic and heaven'y cbar acter that they can admit al) comers to lreten and be efi. fied; but acirour must be condemned. And why? Be. cause poor ‘olka like togo there and get a little amare ment, and break the monotony of the gin shop of bar- room. ‘We have been farored thronghout the week with cop! ous showers of rain, which were much needed The oat crop in the vicinity of Toronto is being gather- usual quantity. Wheat.—iast week the market clored at after a decline in two daye of Is. fd. per then, however bas been a better demand, ee |. ‘The market closed yesterday at 68, 9d. a 78. for prime. Outs beld firmly at 2s. 6d. ashe! lesale, a ret : : per bushel, whol and ley is !n active demand at 5a. a 5°, 6d. bushel; a refused for one parcel of 2,000 bushe —_or future very. ‘The issue of the cricket match mentioned in last has been as I anticipated. The East gained the vic » y in one innings, having # majority of 12, The N Transit Company. A REPLY TJ MR. GARRISON’S STATEMENT TO THE PUBLIC. No, 5 Bowne Green, New York, Sept. 6, 1856. I would not tntrude myself before the public, nor con- descend to reply to ex-Mayor Garrison’s card, published in the Hrxatp this morning, but for the fact that my name is prominently attached to the complaint of the Transit Company; the charges in which he so flatly and unblush- ingly denies, Lest the impression may obtain that | have wilfully and falsely sworn to a complaint of great magni- tude, or have permitted myself tobe made a tool of, to aid others to gratify personal malice, 1 do not feel at liberty to permit Mr. Garrison’s card to go unreplied to, He asserts that the charge that he was removed from the agency is talse. If be had waited a little vices from San Francisco would have ibat point. He aiso states that repeated offers and over tures were made to indrce him to accept the reap ment a agent in San Francisco, ail of which he refus¢ Jn answer to that I will make a simple statem ut of facts. On the 14th day of March last the company received efiicial advices of the action of the Rivas. Walker govern ons their property and declaring the charter annulled. On the 20th of the same month I left for San Francisco, as special agent of the company. Up to that time | had never been in @ position to have access ty the books and papers of the company. I bad ‘or a long time previous heard doubts expressed about the fi telity of Mz. Garrison to the company’s interests, but | bad no data upon which leculd fix a single charge of fraud. T arrived in San Franciseo in April, thirteen days afer the eccond period of Mr. Garrison’s agevcy bad expired, 1 found him acting in that capacity; and when I presented to him the letter from Mr, Vanderbilt, President of tho compary, tnoering @ contiauance of the agency on con dition that neither Mr. Garrison nor any of bis amily or house shoule bave anything to do with any other steam- eb'ps running in a lime between New York and San Fran cisco, he freely aud without any regervation accepted the oter, and seemed to feei—and s0 expresved himself—very gratetul for @ continuance of the conidence which Mr, Vanderbilt placed in him when he first wok the agency of the company in San Fraxcisco. I was repeatedly cautioned ty my friends in that city net to place too muck reliance upon Mr. Garrison's pro fessions; yet I was induced to believe that he would not while agent of the company do anything to preveot them from recovering possession of their property aud resuming operations and teft San Francisco with the fullest possible assurances from him tuat he was and would remain faithful to their toterests. Ou my arrival in New York, there being a vacancy in the direction of the company, I was placed in the board, and was requested by the Presidentto make certain ia- ‘vestigations of the books and papers of the company for the purpose of enlightening bim about certain matters which had little or no connection with apy of the opera- tions of the San Francigco agency. During said iuvesti- gation I discovered some very queer a:counts and vouch- ers from that agency. As I proceeded in my labors, the conviction that gross frauds had been perpetrated was irresistibly forced upon me. I appealed to the Secretary, Mr. Lea, and asked — it was that such transactioas, #0 unsatisfactorily explained, were permitted to through the books of the company. Hus reply was: ‘I protesied and remonstrated time after time, but Charles Morgan, the President, and C. K. Garrison, had it all their own way; what could I do?” Our eyes having been thus opened, the investigation ‘was pursued in that direction, and resulted in our ob. taipipg from San Fraocisco affidavits and vouchers from mercbants of the bighest standing in that city, whi:h satisfied us that what was before mere surmise was in fact true, JAMES M. CROSS. ‘The New Maritime Law. ADPITIONAL CORRESPONDENCE ON THE SUBJECT. (Extract from a despatch of bis Excellency Couat Waiew tki to Count de Sartiges, May, 1856. } The Plenipotentiaries assem bied’ in the Congress of Pa. ris have come to an agreement on the terms o! a declara tion {atended to settle the principles of maritime law in zo much a@* it concerns neutrals during war. Here- with | bave the honor to transmit to yeu a copy of that act, which fully meets the tendencies of our eposh, aud at once puts an end to the useless calamities wuich a cus tom cqually reprobated by reason’ and by humanity su peradced to those which fatally result from a state of war, ‘The Congress have not overlooked the fact that their woyk, in order that it may prove complete, must secare the ithe maritime Powers; sinse such govern thall have ucceded to the arrangement ly bound by it. On this score, we attach peculiar value to the concurrence ef the United States. that will not ccpgent, we confidently trust, to bold oi from a concert of action which deflues a new and essen tial progress in intera tional relation ‘The determination of the Congress at Paria defines the object which it is intended to attain. Tho clashing con structions given to the rights of neutrals Lave, up to the wet war, proved a cource of deplorable conilicts, whilst privateering Inilicted on the commerce and navigation of nop belligerent States ap injury so mach the more gre s8 it gave room for the most calamitous excesses. , Count, are the events which, for ovr part, we in etriving to repel, and we ‘ee convinced that the corcu ot the Un ted States will not be withheld BO guesion Ty way worthy of the philavthro it of the American people; a ques: and io a bigh degree, concerns the d curity of ccmmercial tran: actions. ‘The Pleuipotentiaries sett to the Congres 0, a8 you may tee in protocol No. 24, bound tacinselyes, ia the ame of thelr respective government, to enter, fur the future, into no arrangement on the application of mari time law in time of war, wittout stipulating for a strict observance of the four poin:a resolved by the dec ‘The concurrence which we rollcit at the hands of 3 governments which were not represented in the Paris Conferences, an, conrequentiy, to thos principles only laa Gown ip Said declaration, and which are in divwibie. Lacaticy oy France ty tie Usrre States. XR. MARCY TO MK. shIDEES Deragtuast or Stare, ) Wasnisemy, July 14, 18546. jf Sm—The diplomatic representatives of eral of oh Foropern Powers, which were partits ty the lato Paris Conierence, bare very recently presented to luis govern ment “the di claration relative to neutral rights ' atopted ut that Conference, and, on bebalf of their goveroment asked the adhesion of the United States to it Itis pre sumed that the same course bas been adopted by the oo fecerated Powers to other tations, The Vutiet States bave learned, with sincerd regret, that, in oe or two ipetances, tae four proporitions, with al! the condi tots annexed, bave been premutly, ant tois govern: cannct but toiek una tylecdiy, accepted without res! tien or qnaltieation. cig well known that the Cuiteg Statez, about two years since, opered negoUations with Marit me natwoos for the gereral wsoption of the eecond ant third propositions ova tained in the Paris declaration, and toat the fourth ts bat f ‘ternational law now hare soncoom meut aud se pil; ie getiations of the United States tor the aloption of the ercond ond third of the scrica with cvery lower which bas adhered, or may determine to athere, to “the de elaraticn ’ In the fret piace, all the four prope must be taken. or none. atd second, they must b rot opiy incivieib y, but with tbe furrender of ao im portant attribute of toverrignty—toat of negotiating with jon Ou the eubject of neutral rights, uvlews euch ace all the propositiony contained 10 Any pation migut well hese before making such @ surrend:r. Some of the Powers whicd are parties to that ‘‘dectara and many Which are invited to concur to it, are wonder rolemn treaty etipulations with the United States end it ie presumed they are with other natious, in which the right to resort to privateers is not only recogalzt pat the manner of employing them « regulate! with great particularity. How the proposed nee engagement oun be reconciled with the faithful observance of existion treaty stipciations on the subject cannct bo easily per coved Tebali not, in this despatch, remark upon the incom patibility of three obligations, nor cha'l l now exhibit the views which (bis government entertaing of the fatal coo eequences lixely to result from the new doctrim at tempted to be introduced into the maritime code to most comme reial pstions, and especially to those which are not burdened, or may Lot chooee to burden themselves, with Jorge Baral e tabilebmente ‘he right of a commercial State, when unbappily in volved {nm war, to employ ite mercantile marine for de fence and aggression. bas heretorore proved to be an ol a in checking the domination of a belli n by the eur that uncontested right, one | ate mode of defence is parted with for a like surrender only ia for actrong aval pawer; but in cilect the mutual surrender places the weaBer_ patton more completely at the merey of tir ttropger. While the former loves, the jatter gains by the mutual eurrender, and the freedom of the seas is moch tmrre completely given up to afew great Powers ch hove the means and disposition to maintain large navies. This goverpmert will more folly develope fe views a3 to the operation of the first principle of the Prris ‘decleration’’—that in relation to the alma conment of the right to jssue letters of marque—in Te reply to thoee Powere which bare invited ita concur: rence in thet “declaration.” ‘The measure, nntess tt gives } appl cation to the principle vpon which it ts based, ‘and ie mete to withdraw private property apon the ocean from seizure by pol armed vessels, a8 well as by pri- vatcers, will be exceedingly injurious to the com nerce of ol! nations whiem do not occupy the first rank among paval Powers. am directed by the President to tnstroct you to pre. sent thie general view of the subject to the government to which you are acoredited, in the hope that it may be induced to hesitate in acceding to a proposition which ts here conceived to be fraught with injurious conseq: to ail but those Powers which already have, or aro w! ling to furnieh themselves with, powerful navies 1 am, sir, your obedient servant, W. L. MARCY, J. J. Srinets, &e., Brussels, ‘The same to the Ministers of the United States at Na. Madrid, Stockholm, Copenhagen, Lisbon, Mexico, jearagoa, Bogota, Caraceas, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Santiago de Chile, Lima, Quito, La Paz and nes | i Int from Costa Rica. MESSAGE OF PRESIDENT JUAN R. MOKA TO THE REPRESENTATIVES OF COSTA RICA. Hosonshis Rerasseytatives—The spectacle w! at the close of 1865, Costa Rica presented in her juvenile was @ gratifying one. Concord and friendship with btn yy foreign countries; “ peace an ity @ interior; guarantees for all, our population doubled, instruction generalized, wise laws established, commerce augmented, agriculture from day to day improving, cities aggraadized, public roads constructed, the State revenues increasing, and in every thing our people advancing with a regular and firm step tm the path of presperity. ‘The judustrious spirit of the Costa Ricans, their love of order, their respect for property, and the coastant har- mony existing between the nation and government, were producing these happy truits, when externa! events, ap- parently disastrous to Central America, perhaps propt tious to it according to the mysterious plans of Providence, occurred to interrupt this peaceful and happy progress. You are all familiar with the scandalous events in Nica- ragua, by which all Central American patriots have been aroused to a vigilant solicitude. In spite of our constant principle of n erally, the grave circumstances and im- minent dangers w! have been threatening us since tie close of last year decided public opinion to pronounce it self, to wage war against a band of adventurers, who, rapidly increasing in Dumber and strength, in the midst of our States, are every where spreading alarm, and to rea- cue Nicaragua englavid by them, and protect the exist ence and repose of our beloved country against these fe jonious attacks. Well aware of the dangers which surrounded us, in con currence with the governments of Guatemala, San Sal vacor and Honduras, and supported by ananimous na tional feeling, I convoked you, on the 25th Feoruary last, to make you acquainted with our situation, in presence of those adventurers, who, cariegly provoking us, subja gated a neighboring State. Sharing my own convictions, you vesied me wih ample powers to make war against them. At my call our vaiiani aud brave youth hastened to enlist themse ves under the national banner, Then al! was enthusiasm, rejoicings and patriotism. [t was the fret time that. in Central America, @ war, not coademnet by reason and humanity, was undertaken. Thus our de cision was highly applauded both at home and abroad ‘The enemy, lopg since resclved upon assailing ua, blinded by baughtiness and the unaccountable scorn with woich he regarded us, invaded ovr territory. there the firs: blood was spilt, and in Santa Rosa our arms won the first laurels in the disastrous defeat snd flight of the libusters. Provoked, invaded and triumphant, it wa neither honorable nor possible for us to wait for auailiaries or allies. We coniinued our victorious march, aud, cn the 9th of April, we were masters of the ports o Sun’ Jvan del Sur and La Virgen, and of the importan city of Rivas. A menth after our leaving this capital, ti key of the transit between the Pacifle and Atiaane was in our hands, and the highway of filibuster iem was broken up. On the 11th of April, Walker, wits his army, attacked us in Rivas. Victory—at first giver to him by an accident—was reconquered by our brave soldiers with an tpcomparavle courage, and Walker wa- forced to fly, at the dawn of the 12th, with the relics 0 his cisvanded army. The necessity of taking care of our wounded, and ©! waiting the reinforcements we bad sent for, in order not to abanden the lateroseantc Transit line, obliged met» retard our victorious march, remaining in Rivas ull the eu of April, when the cholera morbus, suddenly appearing i the reuks of the Costa Ricans, spread death and desolation amongst them. Of the allied forces we had no news, | would have been rash for us either to advance or to stay in that infected city, destitute of all resources and just the commencement of the sickening season of rains, were, therefore, obliged to retreat, postponing the end ot the campaign, but leaving our terrified enemies duly chastised, ans great distance from ours, their bar os rian havghtiness humbled, the Nicaraguans encourage! and grateful, and our national honor sate. During this untoward retreat we had to lament painful Josses, illustrious victims whom the cholera morbus car. ried olf amidst the rugged mountain paths, where all kinds of help were wanting. Grave accusations have been set up by our adversaries, but we are enabled to meet them all in a triumphant way. It experience, foresight and military knowledge were rare in an army freshly recruited and never broken to the hard ships and diflicultart of war—only to be acquired in pro longed campaigns and bloody battle fields—courage, eo durance, abnegation and valor attained amongst our troop the height of heroism, Where were to be found our emi nett tacticians and captains’ In what warlike enterprises could our countrymen bave studied the science and ge- nius of war? What more could be demanded from ex temporized chiefs and soldiers than the generous sacri fice of their tranquillity, their interests, their domes:ic joys ond their existencey I, myself, who always 10k ‘part in their sufferings and their joys, their prigation- and their enthusiasm, feel proud tn speaking of that army before the ational representation. That army of hus baccmen and artisans, tbat army of peacefu able land owners, bas copqut . im this holy the ueurpers of Central America imperishable law 1 has given an example and @ lesson to our frient and to our enemies, acd but for this unani movsly applaudea example, but for these repeate triumphs, not a single sho: would have been fired in de fence of our invaded Central American rights Nicaragea Would not be in arms. as it is today, against its op pressors; two parties which seemed to be irreconcilab!: would pet be secn fraternally embracing each otaer. Th. military forces © the States would still linger in their bomes; apd, Jater, they and we would have to depior: the unl error of having persisted in # cowardly an) stuprd indo.ence. Let us bow retorn to the bosom of our families. All of you krow well aud grievously the mournful scenes these populations have presented. The cholera morbus wa rogibg in the cities and over the country. People san bio mortal apathy; farms, houses, and éven whole vil ‘ages were abandoned everywhere reigned desolation an ceath, and on every hand were beard eriea of despa end horror. ‘This Was the saddening spectacle the coun try presented during the six weeks this terrible plags y yy colleague, Vice President Don Fraactic Marin Oreamuno, then succumbed to the violence of th» epidemic, Ged bas permitted such a terrible vs submit to this judgment, aod reader ours worthy of a better destin: At fart the cholera marbas bas disappeared ; society re assumes its former animation deep discoaragems.." caused by the misfortunes inherent to war, and still tor: fo this fatal epidemic, is fading away. Although we have to deplore the aberrations of a few citizens who conspire against the legal order aud traaquidity of the repabitc under such efilicting circumstances, we must thank Pro viterce Who has saved us from the horrors of ihe plague and the evils of anarchy. ‘All ings reassume gradually a grateful aspect; conti dence is sgain reviving; the commercial movement is becoming general, our fields are again covered’ with fine plantations, which promise a rich harvest the husbandman and the artisan return to their labor: aud speculations, With faith end perseverance, wits upion and industry, little ts wanting, if we except the irreparable individual lorses which the cholera morbus bas inflicted on us, to enadle Our country to present th rame grateful and prosperous sprctasle which it exhibited it the close of 1856. Our valiant soldiers will soon be paid their entire ar rears. The revenues, whieh were all but paralyzed ain begiv to flow in. With their aid we shal) fail the CBtigations contracted in consequence of the war and of the epidemic, and defray the most urgent exp nse- of the country. With economy, probity ‘aud patriotic apirit all thongs will resume the beneficent mare were following, and even the horizon of Central Ame: Seems to clear up, owing to the resolute and indepea pori jon taker by the fasion government of Nicaragus and the movements of our brethren and allies against thy Miiburters. A treaty concerning boundarica, commerce aud navi tion has been concluded in this city between Coats wa ane New Granada, which will forever pat an end ty the vexed question which was pending between the two republics, and lay the ground for a lasting alliaace whic may bo 'ertle in happy ant gremt resaits, not ouly tor both peoples but for all the Spanish American Statos. Our relat with the other Central American rep) ics are becoming moore and more intimate, as they ov to be bitween aitied people The policy of isolatwn aw inderision is no lopger to be tolerated am ngst us. Ov the existence of one State depends that of all the o we must mutually take an interest in and share our goo! and bad fortune, The blow which strikes ome qill rewb all; igolat on would be a crurl error, inaction a crime disunion certain death to our weak nationalities, A mily [act tnust unite us all, and introduce harmoay iv whatever concerns jost and rag poe Y coo % of plenipotentiaries ought to represent, unice wy protect the nterests of our dismembered netionality his ary that no mean egotism, no malevolent bitpe: ould make us scek our particular profit: the misfortone of others; we must convince ourscive: that oblivion of and pardon for all errors are iadiepensa bie. Neither governments nor people, yielding to misera ble jealonsy, prejudices and antagonist, oF pereourl hatred and ambition, must deceive themselves on that ‘sential truth that only on good fatth, mutual justice and liberty, and the regenerating union of the Central Ameri ® cepend their political existence and th future of the race which, to-day, with just titles, ts in ession of the privileged territory extendiog from exico to New Granada, Friendly relations unite us with all European ant American countries; ant if it is certain that the recent events in Nicaragua, perfidiously perverted, have indacet the respectable Cabinet of Wastington to make some reclamaticns, it will, better informed of the facts which have caused its alarms in regard to us, be the first w eo juauice to the rectituee of our acts, beoslvet by false (pformaticn, but using tte right, the government of the United States deem it convenient to reoognize the intra tive, fentastical and impossible government established ‘ime in Granada using likewise our right, do againet such recognition, involving a grave danger for the Central Americana, and holding out a stimulus av! guarantee to flliburters. “Both the last events in Nicars gua and those which proseded them have tarned in reales, to the profit of our principles and reclamation: ‘The sympathies of all good men are with us. Its oaly amongst borves of slaves and Oaribs that a people hike that of Costa Rica would be retased the sympathies they deserve in defending, with the biood of their sons, th ir righta, their independence, their homes and their liberty, and the life of av allied people tyranniaed over by a band of adventurers. Honorable representatives, direct all your thoughts to the grave circumstances in which Costa ion and the whole of Central America are involved. ea epoch which dawns on us, an im. mere olution which has begun. If until now, the blood and the forces of Central America have been wasted in fratricidal wers, fertile only in yortation, today a war regeneration and independ. begun. ‘The reaction has com terrible peril the abundant sources of our natural riches, in the want of means of communication, of population and of political and social progress in our precarious nationalities? Nations who do not progress must succumb, Individual- ly, mankind is doomed to. death; but, the buman race, aided by liberty, advances to universal harmony aud civilization. Nations who want to live must advance with faith, perseverance and intelligence. pov Erade in tho path marked out for them, they ain be erse thy of their doom, however severe it may be. Let us not be Srighlened by the truth, let us avow it, and let us break with all the vanities and prejudices of the past When the spirit of the century brings on the peaceful fusion of societies, when the boundaries which formerly separated nations disappear morally before the influence of civilization; when time and distance diminish under the pressure of steam; when human thought, no longer satisfied with traversing the air like lighthing, penetrates the depths of the sea; when the idioms, cus. toms, laws, arts, ecierces and products of all nations are exchanged’ aid’ distributed through every imaginable channel, or concentrated and exhibited in @ single temple as the living proof of universal harmony—how can we regard 4s compatible with all those wonders of progress the existence of countries destitute of science, bare of ail these blessings of progress, excluded trem participation in this immense grandeur, happiness and confratermty? No, let us not bliad ourselves; let us give up our sterile idiokynerasy, our ephemeral titles and pomp; let us, as fur as the character of our people permits, shure the gen eral progress; le™us constitute, on a solid basis, our 80 ciety ; let us strengthen our unity, order and liberty. Let us unite for the purpose of rendering tyranny and licenge imposeibie—upivn is ferceand independence. Let us establish peace, justice and progress in the interior; thus we shell seguire sympaiby and respectability amongst the great nations who to-day look down upon us with scorn and pity, If patriotism, faith, liberty, the noble ambition of knowledge and tame bave pro d illustrious peoples, heroes and martyrs, isolation dismemberment, selfish interceta and mean egotiem have produced barbarism, slavery apd death When people and governments close their eyes before jhe rays of the South, when, vurning in a vicious cirele they stick to rotten doctrines; when they do not struggle to emancipate themselves from antiquated aud unwar rantable traditions, when they do not understand the changes effected by the marvellous working of ceatur es, when they do notjoin the generations which progress au: and actively contribute to the immortal work of man kind, the torrent of etvilization carries them away like straw; a stronger, more fortunate and intelligent people put on their pecks an opprobrious yoke, and the v' causes their crimcs to be expiated by and blood. therefore. let us not be deceived; and let us jolp ali our phy sical and n oral forces to save the Central American natiopality and family from the disistrous sbipwrec which is threatening them. Let os confide la Divine Pro. vidence, but never forget the precept; ** Aid yourself aac Ged will aid you.”? It may soch be necessary to make fresh sacrifices by augmenting the force which is watching our westeru frontiers. Perhaps the moment is not distaat when i: will be indispensaole for us to join our well tried troops to the army of our allies, who are at present figating for ibe common weal. i this should be so, | hope and trast that my voice will be heard by all good Costa Ricans ‘Then, as now and always, I snal! not yield to auy one the most enviable of all glories, that of devoting myself us w citizen or as first magistrate, in peace as in war, to my country, shedding my blood, if it should prove necessa. ry, i defence of its laws, its honor and its iodependence. JUAN R. MURA. San Jose pe Costa Rica, Aug. 3, 1856. The Irish Extles and the European Press. LETTER PROM JOHN MITCHEL. KNOXVILLE, TEaN., aug. 20, 1856. My Dar Meacren—I send 500 ao extract of a letter which I have received from John Martin; you can print it, if you think it worth while to trouble te public with anything more upon & subject so personal. To me it seems quite right to let the world know what extreme care and diligence the British government condescen:ts to exercise, for the purpose of biackeuing three political evemies. That the Emperor Louis Napoleon showld lent his press censorship to serve ‘ir purpose is nothing surprisipg; yet it is beth surprising and humiliating t> find a man Of spirit aud ambition, lic» Emile de Gerardin, Waiting tor the permission of “tbe allies,” until they shall decide whether it will suit them to give publicity to a letter in simple vindication of private personal charaster. ‘That the censorship at Paris was guided in this matter by the exigencies of British policy is certain. And it isa mere affair of business and quid pro quo; for if the Prease or Dilars were to print what is offensive to Lord *almer ston. why the Tims and Globe might opea their colamus to Victor Hugo or Ledru Roilm. ‘Un’s account of the matter to me :— ris, T made an effort to remedy the effect by th lcted calumnies of the ‘ote @ letter in Fret in whieh I stated and protest eainst the charge ort ‘ing that ou three (meaning McManus, yourself and mnysel) would ghally be judged upon ‘of honor by th used your judged by the Au e unchjeetionable in spirit and manner, and calcu! the case before accepting the ped it—(O'Brien was in Li Prewe, which has the two ved to print it 7 vite WS eFj\10 ernment did not pap wretches as the Irish, what migh! offe Bot John Martin's efforts di! not epd here He wrote to the Dublin Jyeeman’s Journal @ note, the substance of wh ch he gives me, as fullows:— ‘That T desired, previously tom Ireland. to provide that people appearance in societ, I not receive me un im sapprekenion of my res] sect ments upon rome very seri ous questions. fore, | begged leave to xay that | ad ax good a right (live {a 1 owed no lush govern: age had transported per me fo my country; that for what con of my comrades Mission now nd rite cerned th British sirlok and a 8 man “ ranked with Messi MeManus, M Uninekily J kept na eopy of my letter, but that was the substance of i, I counted sure of its publication in the Freeman. Innocent patriot and martyr! It was not published in the Freman. Mr. Martin had kno the Freeman’: Journal only in its old character of a national ant O'Coa pellite repeal paper. He didsot know that it has eince deen bought and paid for by the British government— mit d, I assert this av a matter of fact. He did not know that whea Smith O'Brien, in his drst pabli: speech after his captivity, empbatically vindicated us in the very same words almost, the Preeman’s Journal, white it professed to reprint that Melbourne speech from the Australian pa pers, carefully cut out of it that portion to which he hat specially called the attention of the reporters; because the pubiicstion of that portion would be displeasing t> iw present masters an #o Mir. sure of the publication of he letter ip the Freeman, Shortly afterwards, arriviog to Dublin and finging it bad not printed, he wrute a ae ate letter to the editer, asking if he had received euch a letter. T have never yet. be adds, got a line of anewer. But tt is hardly doubiful that Gray did receive my letter from Paris, and that he chooses (o treat my protest with an extinguisher, fo far as be can, Why dces pot Martin come over here, then, where we print what we pleaee? Ycu see now of what a conspiracy to be the chjecte. pe cannot tay that ths Britieh government ures herein more care than is needful. in the whole matter of their dealing + with us from first 1 last, the one party or the other must absolutely be cun vieted snd branded berore the civitized world as mst te jontous crimitals—they or we The trial is oaly pro ceeding, oud it mast be confessed that jo point of ma chinery shey have the advantage of us They can pace juries; they can buy up the press with secret service money; thes cau set in motion even the French censor ebip, thre: fon to thank work. Your faithful frier is one free JOHN MITCHEL. Sixocnar Scrcioe or 4 Youna Man 1x Crtcaco. A lew days go, #ays the Chicago Tomes of ube 5) iort., a young German named Pailip [ryndecker com ” Buickte by ewallowing an ounce of laudanum. He ‘was about rmeteen Og twenty years of age, and. it ix aid. received a lil education jn Germany. Fle was, however, an infidel, or “ free thinker,’ believing neither im teture reware or punishment, anc rcarcely in « fture state of any k He lived solely for the present, ant when be found bimerli beset oo a'l sides by credions, and bad not the means of payment, ho considered of the short et way to get rid of them: One day he inquired of 8 feliow clerk what poison would quickest bill a mun ‘The chrk snewered, “Take an ounce of prose aca” Leyndecker immediately took out a memorandam book and pencil and wrote \t down, It appears that he after wards concluded te alter the dose. After awallowing the laudencm, Leyndecker wrote the following letter to one of bie fellow clerks in the Recorder's offic To be oon vinced of bis creziners itis only necessary to read this of all my friends, deserre jying—of a man «bo prefere mto being dishonored. Greet fend il them that Twill probably obtain a re tin heaven without their receipts, f die in excel diepeaition, regretting that you are not present, as you Tight then receive lessons. Greet nll my acquaintance. Teil Hil that he, to some extent, Is accomplice of my death be couse boa remark, Why do you live, if you have po money!’ wee siriking. ond made Greet bin heartily, beewuse he isa of & young Man—Who i® reagonahle enough to enjoy life ae much ae possible. 1, too, have tried the same; but aa i will aide jonger, Lstop. Only one thing embilters my Inst hour =that Feannet die as aweeily ax Lord Hyron. Pecmit tue vo #, Ott, that you have been the dearest of my aeqaaint. dnd so-called friends. Perhaps this confession of & moving to eternity, will graufy you. Throw iy re: hut with the fice upward. Farewell deep impression unon my heart. ood fellow —an exvuaple maine into any pit One, Death appronches. [feet already hia iee-colt hand upen my throat, and hie damp breath Sows over my pale fore head. To die by laudanum je very eweet. Teil dis to ail per sone who are tired of life, that ta die is aweet. Consolate wa M with thee) ladiew in my houre mo hs more, and then my PHILIP, A Woman's Rronts Manniage—At Worcester, on the oth of August, Mr. N. W. Towne, of Worcester, war married to Migs Sarah ©, Morrill, of Manchester, N. fi, by Rev. T. W. Higginson. Asa part of the services the following protest was reads— Wierese, te laws of all Christian countries, relating to mart age are founded, (o a greater or less extent, upon prin- Ciples of injustice and inequality, we feel in duty hound to en- ter our protest againgt the same, while acknow! our mneine! affection and the sacredness of the relation which we gum e—that of arbanG aad wife he articw) we wi give he abeokite control of hie wites perwaes ee re ery sa te 4 pra . eatate, nies lly settled upon her Ay: +4 ‘i Our Albany Correspondence, ALDANy, Sept, 6, 1856 Bridge Across the Hudsom—Its Location not Board of Directors with the View of @ Change—The lumbia Street Bridge Across the Basin Likely to be Down and Another Brected Above. The great question as to the location of the b ‘across the Hudson river at this point is not yet, as m people imagine, permanently settled. The law auth ized the commissioners to locate the bridge, which have done. The organization of the company is to perfected on the 20th inst., when the directors are to chosen and the officers selected. It is well known the citizens of Albany manifested no interest before commissioners as to the location, being under the pression that the railroad interests were to be subsery| nolens volens It now turns out that the location of the bridge made contrary to the wisnes of several leading rail men in this city. They say it is too far down town; it will necessarily compel the company to immense amount of property now used tor commerd poses, in the heari of the city, and algo krive the lu} er and other trade below the bridge soni oppo sdefthe river It is stated that the ot Direc will be chosen with a view of petitioning the Legisiaty © grant them power to change the location to some oth point either at Spencer or Lumber streets, some hal mile sbove the present location. The railroad tracks bay sides of the river, ag now graded, are on a pertd vel. The old dilapidated bridge across the basin at Colum|f street, #bich extremely bazardous to pass with load| \eams, aud tor avowing it to remain in guch a dangero condition, indictments dave been frequently presented he grand jury, is ikely to beremoved. It stands at low & point “A project is on foot to obtein permissiq { om the Legislature to erect a uew bridge, two or th dlocks above, There are only some halt a dozen wi houses below the present pridge, while the length of t pier above Is nearly three fourths of a mils, all oecupil by business men whose articles in being transfered b tween the pi-r and the city, pass over the Columbia st bridge It ts more than probable, that should the road bridge be {ocated at either of the points above me toved, the Pier Company would enter into an rapgemevt with the Briige Company, to consolidate construct a singic bridge trom the mato wharf to ti pier, which wil) accomodate all parties at a saving ot of thire the expense of building a separate bridge by tH Pier Company. It is understood that the delay in bi iloing the Colum ia street bridge is mainly occasion by these conriserations. At any rate, the business q the pier certainly requires the removal of that bri: some two or three blocks above its present location. Our Charles Correspondence, Cuanueston, Aug. 7, 1856, Visit to a Model Plantati:n— How Poor Soils are made R —Fuld Manure— Field Draining—A Peep into the Yard— Driver Jerry—Southern Hospitality, de., do. Among the pleasant excursions which I have enjoyq this season, in the vicinity of this hospitable Southe city, was one I was privileged to make to Otranto, a pli tation or farm situate in the parish of 3t. James, Creek, about thirteen or fourteen miles from Charlesto not far from the State road leading te Columbta, and abo ¢quidistant from the Northeastern Railroad on the east, ‘South Carolina Railroad on the west. If any planter the lower country of South Carolina is entitled to app: ciation for energy, skill and geod management, it is Proprietor of this beautiful place, wi.b romantic nam but mapy agreeable and substantial realities. The soil of Otranto was originally very peor and u productive, being of @ light, sandy character, but it n sooner rejoiced in the ownership of its present thri and liberal master, than it became @ source of co siderable profit, yielding abundantly the full corn the ear, and vegetable fleece of the South, besid an awple store of vegetables, frai; and melons, well for market as for the hospitable board. By th ure of guapo and other manures he hes im red tt land to such a high state of fertility, that it will now duce 160 pounds of loog cotton to the acre. which, at cen! pound, will yiela $60anacre. Toe crop now wa ing in rich luxuriance and golden biossoms on the plac well warrants me ia this calculation. Neverhave in any corresponding season of the year, more prom fielas of cotton or a more forward growth of that vi ble staple ; it is fur abead of anything I have seen in th neghborbood. I dia not see the corn, but a friend mine, who rode through it, pronounced it first rate. I not kbow what average the proprietor plauts to the hand but it strikes me that be is an advocate of moder planting. and cnly cultivates so muck isnd as be c thoroughly manure, aud no more, If planters in the South generally would adopt this tem, they wouls tnd their account in it and would no only moke better crops. but be relieved of the Becessit of going in quest of richer lands, 0 ten at the cost of e: tle from home, abd the sunde ing of old ties and assoc: tious. Some planters indulye the idea that they mu Plant a certain rot scres to the hand, whethe manured or no ; frequently the complaint q npropititions fens resulting oly n mn change of locality, or even in e yatriation When the remedy {sat hand, The efflsacy « judicious system o manuring land hat been too wel developed, ani tor sattstactorily estab'ished, to need ai gement of ilustration in this enligutenes era. One act iroperly msnurca, wil produce tive fold comparativel: ond Whew euch is the voice of experienee, it is only su prising tbat practice should not be more generally co formed to it. ‘The owner of Otranto bas not only exhibited ¢ Jucement and energy in the use and application of var} manures, but das also paid diligent aitention to th onge of his Iancr—a matter too often neglected eve by plapiers who aspire to high reputation Defecti CTaipage not only leads to injury of crops from excessiv| moisture but frequently eupcrinduces unlealthiness socality J was moch pirared with the neatness avd with which the at Otranto were laid off, and thei compkte acaptation, by level and incliaation, to th craivage of the elds. relieving them entirely of tim aod stagnant water The fleids that I saw wer f grase. and the boeing and hauling were well cut omng the Sea Islands. Yoong planters, adjacent to, or in vietwity of Otranto, would do well to visit so well m naged & plantation, and barn thence a few valuable fons net to be derived from books. bi woul) see there pot oply a thorough system of agriculture, b: & practical display of all the principles of good farm| apd rural econemy Ap org the no abilities of Otranto, 1 must not omit little of driver, Jerry. He knows a erything, and ready to mpart info mason to all who it. sb t devotion to hws business, having the control of # Plantatlen and the sence of his master. ‘ment of iw affairs, in the at Io addition to his kaow! bly the art of v ul in detecting the rT the greater porvion of them weil fledged, and almor| ready for the rpit, also 100 young turkeys and a lar, quantity of goshpge—a choice breed—all in « thrivin condition. Driver Jerry is also bead of the nursery, bas onder bis expecial care a vamber of litte i ‘bo reem to pay bim the respect due toa c cberacter and office which he well sustains, Dy stteption was sext goulr, retinding me o' tha: to which Solomon likened treeres of bis brive—'thy bair is as @ flock of appear trom Mount Gilead.’’ Among them were se of m euperior and rare dese) Aion. A considerable: ber of jacks and jenn e* has been lately added, I am of Otranto. Among other things, I was pleased with the apprararce and aspect of the pegroes. They py and cheerful, |, when! observed to the drive that be ought to be allewod bis bacon, daily, for hit besty abd good management, be replied—'-Ob, air, I bat more then I want? re imagine. keeps a« beautiful table, well supplied wit) every viand and luxury, to gratify the troly iuetrative ot Carolina hospitality. is neve better pleased tban when vieited by “troops of friends, | eho often embrace the epoortunity of bis visite from the to gather around him pertake of pb ry cheer atd enjoy ‘the feast of reason aad Foul " A Cvunrovs Law Scrt—M. 5 known aeropaut, on Monday brought au action civil ibunal against (he monicipality of Paris, to ot pay ine nt of the sum of 1,A00f., which it had to pay him for s balloon ascent on the oS ror’s fete, the 15th of Acgust, 1854, but which ithad sa’ Frequently want d to reduce to 1,000f , on the pretext tt he bad not fuifiled the condttions imposed on him. ceneitions were, be raid, that on account of the Raster war be should carry up four females, dressed to person! Frence, Eogland, turkey. and Germany the tiret three which powers were then allied in war against Russia, the last of which was consitered ixety to join them: b the wind was ro tempestuous that be that to ro — people in the car would em r their live Whilst be wae conrivering what to do, orders came fro the government, that on account of the doubtfal at) ude of the German powers Germany should not ba he honor of being personated in the car, This di mebed the weight romewhat, but still the high wir rendered it dangerous to wake up the three allica, ‘ast. after much cogitation, Godard took om himself Jeave aside Tarkay, and be effected his ascent with Ko lard and Frane alone This consiituted the breach ‘Fe conditions of which the city of Paris com dained, t M Godard that it #28 unreasopanle jor it hind bim down fo the very letter of an not only of his own life, but of those of uther A he produce certificates from setentific gent! n ind others to show that on the day in question t wind wae Cy a ee, a gy’ with mony peopl 0 | ‘arie conten! that Gedera was cieecly hound to fulfil! the conditions had accepted, ard that, berider, the wind was not high as he alleged The tribunal sad that under the ¢ cumstances Godard bad done all that coud be expec bout that, as he bad not Cultitied the exact condition recepted. he must sunmit toa reduction of his de: It therefore con¢emned the municipality to pay him 1, francs and the cos! Galignans’s Messenger. DevingraTe Mvrvrr in New Haven— et aan of L