The New York Herald Newspaper, August 28, 1856, Page 2

2 » \NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, AUGUSE 28, 18566. : me sponse of volcanis to the posttive selves on the very vortex of a fine send. | visible even from some divtance, THE SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS. negative a pee eT ierreeier hp tne Sania Cres 0 000 OES olte Ge. - tary deposi Bas commenced. time igneous | and south wwards Presido del Altar and other places a surfece of Northwest Sonora 's characterized b; pogoy er ie » Wo awell intentionsily longer on the features of this r | ag exhibit @ cr) 5 'e dwel Amcrican Association for the Advancement | _.7@3.207%°2,0% Norther toners tad but fr closer eat | Seercase of voloanic, debris ond sedimontsr}. ma.srial, | sicrra because of us being Dyfmometscally and goognoat- | erra dc! Ajo, Of wich Ui nppesrs io He Das are conncctog, | tere to be traced for, hundreds of Yards or evan o mil . of Sei amination, even a more scrupulous observer would not | aqueous forces gained, and whist cally best eloped eat al the torr trom er wet ee oy eT oe eee my Thus we are able to mark one ‘block, formed jence. be able to discover more than a mere dualtsm of diluvial | rocks were formed, ejected \gneous masses were conficed | towards the California Gulf. It forms a type and @ scale the one of de 'a yg : oa je wo sub-parallel | the ypheaved corner or edge of One solid bed of felsp and Already to certain ‘The cruat ba for considering and comparing iherast. | | 4 | FOmNnE Phen jen in ete whine he eastern tangs | We slenite or ranste, changed inte or granit beavy Mountaly Viewing the country tewar 1 | exceeding tet , whilst ee 5 pelled igneous: Guif from the western peaks of this sierra, a wild and | coptinues for twenty miles, Near the intersection of the | orystals of glassv felepar. Gynt A. PROFESSOR HARE ON SPIRITUALISM | ©’ a conditioned Gut rom we wealarn reas of tl er A uous | ite tw to the norm, quite « depresion ocd, | sexta by muuutoe of ruck orale rocks wii be Pueneneenen cane see eeoeeey tion, amination and clearage of tuted also by similar crystalline metannorptio rocks, | where the range <r re me ‘over fifty feet absolute | protruded an old bed of bi estoular trap, which bd may be proper! ; this circumstance we may ascribe the single sitrras do not rise 80 high; but placed | height, In this vicinit also traversed by two or | gtand as giants, clothed in the torn coat of dwarfs, Interesting Geological Observations on n ges and dykes. tives skic. by tide, they form an iclined plane— | three open passes, hardly rising over twenty feet above | now Tagged garments around their bodies. T aly 9 etamorphic strata, a bold mountain reliet—the grandeur of which con- } the level of ‘the diluvia! posed morphological features of these gigantic stone the Sierra Madre. : Peete. The we een vey mach | sista in ie” horizontal extension. These platas | Sirsa Deis Lacuna (dg a Esperanza) To the nortl | have much resemblance to the ice formations diversitied combination of volcanic, dip towards southwest, leading the waters in % of this slerze apethen one 'weihie 088 jee of about | the polar oceans. ‘Simi ‘causes effected sit &e., &e., ae. iting sand, like yy really are represent more or less straighs course towards the wastes | fifteen milee—that is the ith of the intermediate val- | iar results in the and crgstalization our Azimuth line. Dordering the Caiifornia Gulf. Ata distance ot about six- | ley. It seems to be perfectly oe in 7 Pe- | here of pluto-volcanic rocks, and there of a consolid teen English miles another cordillera of igneous rocks is trographic character to the one of de la Nariz, having cous mass. In their outlines, perfectly alike; we 0 —-— b and granitic pres, trachyte and trap exhibiting till strike dip and stratification alike with the former.. Shuth Day’s Proceedings. ‘and stratification, and | visible, Between tbis and the sierra we Just treated up- GENBRAL SESSION. and various ‘kinds of transi: | on, very intle “Grift ig seen, aad where it ocours it is | Little tapponorinds accom! iso oth these slerras, | ‘pergs; and on the other vast beds of trappitic lava, 00 Sst, it 96 Ae rier Meat degree one theory sieaze inde, rley oat com Biya | uct rime haber arom hry tory fet” | feck Erte apiecved. gn ene Veo me ° ss a comparing the alluvial de- To what our ma) with th »b between both sierras, Tuere, e action of we jut oh or ry vi ea of ‘he meeting was called to order at tweaty minutes past eer cation dates come nares, with, the oe | Corronts, motan and lomag are formed rising {rom forty | Springs are not to be found on any of these mountaln | morphic rocks, or the bell cones of ten. poorly represen| ‘Thig nataral | tains along our Azimuth line will show. Before entering, | to fifty feet in height. py pee pandas, 8, an Sow ania a H ny ™ a me all together, forced d upon each her, broken, crush ‘The usual list of new members was ‘ead, and all were however, on this subject, we propose some remarks on a Smmxs DE LA Esconprpa.— waters taking anlaac being washed out in beds chunad clay, preserve atin si bret ore eee 4 pry le of bo ‘ain water for some time. Such pools are by the Mexi- ‘an called ‘‘charcos.”? As we had been fortunate enough ‘o find in this neighborhood such charcos, the name de la aguna del Esperanza was given to this sierra, which coms to be also an eaatern branch of the Sierra del Ajo. Suna DEL AJO —From the heights of the Sierra de la Nariz to the porthwest, a bold and high range stands in country some | few Spanish ters which, identify their object with Admitted unanimously. object already prepared and laid open for analytic inves: | +o much precisi a that we would not like to ‘part with Professor Hall vacated the chair, 1 consequence of the | tigation. | ant an bee in we Ct be compelled to use in their 1UM.—J uppermost im we first ace ers scarcely snsweripg their ‘pose. We ‘bed state of his lungs, and called .0 bis place Professor | aie sight of the alluvium, of which very. little Ie met | refer to the words cordillera, sierra, cuchilla, picacho, @aswell. with over the whole country, except at the extremities | puerto, loma, mesa, cienaga, charco and pinaja. A resolution was read from the Standing Committee, | of the line. The larger share of course is confined to the Coxpuiars —Cordiliera means a long mountain ran ze, course southwest join those coming from the east hn oe of the Sierra Excondida, a smal! distance south of \ine, near a place where, in a hidden deep cleft between the igneous and amygdaloid rocks of this sierra, perma- bent Koay 4 is found. fasan rf ab seems a be a 4 spring, but a unaja, supp! y the trickling down o' the water from above situated tinijas and water holes The character of thia place caused its name, Escoadita, merged upon an ocean—the one upon the salt waters an the other po the resiaue of a diluvial sea. The movin medium of ig somewhat like, and adequate to th masses to be worked upon. There are the oscillator movements of the sea with one and the vibrations ef earth witb the other. SIRRRA DE LAs Tivasas ATLAS.—Much like to this sierra bottom lands of the Colorado and next to those comes | composed of several pavallel running integrati . yecommending that no action be taken with regard 10 the | the region of the higher mountains: whilst strange to say, | which, however, Ta oe oe Eee anes | teaming bere the concealed water, which name was ais0 | fight. It appears rather like @ nod or compound of | the one “des las Tinajas Atlas.”” Also more a Cord geological sermons. Carried uianimousty. the plains, in this respect, are last in order. or Darrow cross valleys. The essential characteristic of | applied to the whole sierra. In ite croaronioey condition forced together by the consolidation of various | \ke the former, consisting of various parallel runnin Professor Davres, of West Zoint, moved that for the The slopes, and generally the more or less inclined | the term is, that a cordillera is formed by two or more 18 range is but # gigantic volcanio dyke, here towering yin oy oomge! Yi g paps the. oes, slerras. The Detrographic features of (Doth a are ‘also ali ‘ » 2 ens0n and there cannot be mucl r are plac planes on the ~ountains, are sufficiently rough to form | rapges, forming one body, a8 @ cord con vemainder of the Present session the old, comstitation | crevices, dell: and small valleys, Mya epetracted | slats of several sirings twisted logethor. "The words cord wbould remain in force, and shat the re constitution | outlets to prevent entire deprivation of alluvial | and cordillera are formed upon oue stem. should go into force on the beginning of the next session; | Siluv =! deposits, the condition of ry 1m ce for ‘SiekRA.—Sierra, in Spanish, is a saw, or a mountain " ‘ > | the dey “lopement of vegetable life, of which the almost | range with a serrated crest, acd of a reef, dyke, or wali algo that the Vice President to serve for the mext term | paed piains auflering under the sway °f climatic severi- | sbape. The cross diameter of both the sierra and the whould be elected at this meeting. He moved thisto | ties, and inder the devastating sweep f an almost con- seene very small compared with its longitudinal wyeid the confusion that would arise from a period of | tinually moving sand, are nearly wi deprived. Few 4 ‘traces of alluvial soil may be Domed for at the so called Cram1o.—Cuchillo is a branch, or outrunner, of 3 up With an isolated, rugged crest of igneous rocks, (amyg daioid and porpbyriti,) here and there intercepted or overiaid by overthrown and contorted crystaliine strata of a coarse grained felspathic sienite. The latter, appear: im many places metamorphic, and in others unchanged im other places again with prevailing felspar, and in others more quarzose, imperfectly mixed with large scales of a silvery mica. ‘The cross diameter of this sierra, where it is in very poetical name is founded, as we were informed, in the structure of this monument. ch probably constituted by sm! volcanic rocks to the others, its structure is’ different. As it is seen from the vouthwest a huge centre block of metamorphic crystal- line or volcanic rock seems to ccnstitute the strike, This block, exbibiting traces of horizontal stratification, is di- vided in two by the protrusion of a mass of rocks, which, upon one focus, The mtermediate flats separating they i i i 3 E F re § Jost traversing northwestern Sonora towards the Colorado a Oeste. From its crest but a few little peaks, rocks are visible next to the sierra, forming the easter| i ansiticn. “ ” plains. i ly almost alike, show, instead of tr * as’? in the ‘These are depressions of ground | sierra, partaking in its siogr! ‘with the latuer, Its | tersected by the line, is scarcely more than one mile. It though lithoiogically , 8 A aces | coast of the Colorado desert. r thie the ocean Pref. Rogers seconded the motion, and it was unani- whieb are at tbe greatest vertical distance from the | shi edged crest probably nm the name cuchilio, | is bordered, however, ‘on both sides by the quaquaversai | of disturbed horizontal divisions, a sort of a columner | drifting rand is perfectly open. These stud mously adopted. summits and crests of the mountain ranges. Into theee | which is also a knife. upbeavals of those crystalline beds just mentioned, masses. On the sides and at the foot of this sierra s large | are, in ail probability, but the create and ofa sul DR. HAXE ON SPIRITUALISM. basins the aqueous deposits of the atmorphere, together Picacho —Picacho means a sharply tapering peak, pin- Near the ay where these singular looking peaks }| Bumber of independent volcanic are towering up, | merged sicrra, deeply overlaid by that same arift, whic Sa ana os ht, th ‘vi ot with the lighter parts of the surrounding soil, are car- | nacle, or born, the vertical height of which shows a simi- | mark the menti ied water place, de la Excondida, we | ope superviewipg the other, bu all standing undoubtedly | extends as an open desert from here to the foot of th Dr. Hane rose nand, a8 e right, the privilege Tied. In many cases the traveller may fimd here a more | lar proportion to its cross section, as the longitudinal axis | visited the top of the sierra, which in barreancss super. | upon the same volcanic foundation, though some of them | Californian Cordilleras, a distance of from 130 to 140 m however, more of a | of # sierra to its cross diameter. sedes the sicrras of rito, Janos or Atascosa. Some } appear above ground quite detached. Thus the main | The direct distance from the Sierra de las Tinajas At being allowed to exp.ain his views on the subject of | ceveloped vegetation, consisting, 5 spiritualism. He had no doubt whatever that noises were | "ass of equals than of @ diversity of species and genera. | —PUKRTO.— Puerto, & gate, or post; in its topographical dand objects moved without contact with Frequently this eeemiogly premature attempt of nature appheninn & pass over or through a mountain ridge not produce: ae 82Y | to promote vegetable life in such places ts sadly couater- any length, as, for instance, a catseway or canon. mortal bavd. He disired that they form the subject of pom by " e saline oe ‘of the -_ and eS a rapa ety ree gs range, or detile, with no ) . If, said ne, the Association decline to in- | Prevalence of corresponding forms, as obione, ) | Outlets on either of the sides. Sermo) ocery * in- | alicornia, batis and others, take the place of algarovia, | Loma.—Loma {8a long mountain or hill ridge, with « body of this sierra resembles in its shape the bulbous head of a garlic. A comparison like this, thor rather keen ana bolic, may be somewhat justified, as it im- plies at the eame time the endogenous growth of both the sierra and the garlic, The mountain of del Ajo also forme a kind of @ subdividing ridge ween the to the Colorado may be set down at 45 miles. ‘One sheet of desert then stretches down to the banks q the Colorado unbroken, only traversed in its middle by light swell of the same foreaken sand. We inciine to coy sider this rising in the midet of the desert as the hatf gro bud of an underground sierra, waiting for nature's Col portions of the table Nke plains on the slopes and top are covered by large patches of chalcedoray, investing them, almost scoria-ike. The southern portion of this sierra ex hibits a more horizontal arrangement, as if its formation bad been effected under water. Its whole vicinity i+ \ined and traversed by extensive table lands and ridges quire inte them on the ground that the agency, belag 4 } progams, or even salix, in corresponding places, mane eiooth horizon. Yomita is the same on & smaiict | lomas and mesa, partly constituted by beds of binck | waters of Sonoyta, running in a westerly course direct to- | mand to rise to the surface. wpiritual one, does not fall within the scope of the Asso- sg Tee Dewees Maiv.~The marae ty up the | scale. . trap, partly by real diluvial banks. ‘the topography of | wards the gulf, and the waters turning in an easterly di- After faving Siete ‘th logical relief of North eiaticn, which only imquires tnto physical phenomena, between the various mountain ranges which cross ‘Mrea.—Mesa, a table land, tablo mountain, or table | the country seems to indicate here the junction of quite a | rection, and then south towards the settlements of north- | western Sonora, we arrived at the conclusion that such “Azimuth line from southeast towards northwest, is | ridge, the top ot which is of larger horizontal extension. | number of mountain streams and torrents. western Sonora, joining each other beiore reaching their | state of country cannot be considered as having end in the wastes of the coast. the Sierra de la Escondida passes over ap ee ene Oe ee. coats Tek o Tue Cimaca oF SoxovTA—On the western foot of the its pbysi int of culmination, because ite (ar its crest a litte to the north ,of a conspicuous peak the pirialogics| pains of « “4 tion lies buried under a thick veil Wen the Asscciation bears testimony to the truth of spirit- constituted by & more or less uniform deposit of a loose | Mesilia is the diminutive form of the same. ye, but also impenetrable for the more b walism. If, on the other hand, the Association deny the compound not essentially differing from Mat Pats.—Bad land, or mauvais tierres of the French. sand, ct Tassert effects these the ‘material the mountains are constituted of. So we | In Sonora it is exclunively applied to mesas, lomas, or any | highest point of the whole rauge, which, belocging tothe } sierra de} Ajo. » wide valley is spread out, which by be- | from map spirttoa! agency which ef results, then may cail it without hesitation the debris of the adjacent | table land constituted by irge beds of igneous rock, } State of Ronora, for this reason’ received the boundary | ing hemmed inall round by mountain ranges, es. fit Of éreation, ‘which slone would develope of but one obstructed outlet, is what the soe tee eee fey are phyxical phenomena, into which we are bound, - * ‘Sor i . mountains and the underlying firmer parts of the land | mostly compast, or vesicular trap or basalt. name El Verro di Sonora. Ragas tte southern border ie ftrmed by the sierra In- of this vast area—at the title and character of this body, to inquire. He | As to the mode in which it may have been formed and | — Cimsaca.. isa valley or mountain basin with | Stexnrra pet Graxizo.—A low group of granite hills on condemned, if the expression is admissible, to a t den leave the members their choice of the horns of the 4 to its present appearance, we firmly believe it to | an obstructed outlet, and all'round hemmed in by hills | the west side of the Sicrra de la Escondida furnishes seve chibabi, a Papago name of unknown meaning. As the | trial existence. ~ ry the residue of a once intermediate ocean, at the time | or mountains. Thus cienaga abounas in miry and boggy | ral waterfalls well known to the natives ol } Sierras just before spoken ot strike the eye by their dark ‘Looking back over the passed mountain r: oo @kewma. Ail that be desired was an opportunity of be- | 4 ink combining the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans. places. the couptry—the Papago Indians and Apaches. brown, aimost black color, the sierras to the south and | them almost invariably dipping east ‘and ir st heard. There were facts he could state. For eo in composition of this deposit certainly ‘CHARCO —Water pool formed ip lower and level regiona, | Some of them are mere tinajas, others seem to bespriags are constituted by metamorphic crystalline rocks, | facin, . #0 We consider each range, Cordillera of one sheet of the great book of geogony. Fe ot them bave been opened so'as to allew seme reeding 0 ite page, whilst their larger number still remained clo The latter are eometimes liable to go dry before the se'- ting in of the rainy season, A very wy bail and thunderstorm our enconntered there occasioned wi wi m peavaiting felspar. The co'or of these mountains, os- pecially under,the rays of « Sonortan sun, is a glaring white. So we find the often somewhat fabulous stories of general travellers well founded, when they imstance, a p— Poms February last he went lato room where there | occur, but they appear more of a local nature and acer- | either in a strata of rock or washed out in a bed of clay. ‘was a mother and daughter; no one else. On higappear- | tain uniformity pervades the whole. Fragments of Prvasa —Water bole in solid rocks, and met with in the apes a ns * dining table began to dence. (Great merri- { quartz, mica, felspar, and other crystalline and igne- | crevices anc ravines of rocky mountains. Pinaje orig!- party ment. ell, be got upon the dining table; it danced | ous rocks, r with calcareous particles, combine | nally meaps an earthern jar not glazed, burnt so aa to | the name, ‘Del Granizo,” by which this granite group just with the edge a little turned up. Our belief is, thas| euill. ‘He took it out and examined it, It was an ordinary | this almost ded stratum, forming a vast region of ae exudation, by which means the water inside re. | is designated on the maps of the boundary survey. This speak about the pass between a black and a white moun- | ‘whenever time for further revelation bal) < ‘bie, with which it was impossible to perform | deserts between the eastern foot of the Californian Cordil. | mains cool. ig game meteoric incident furnished a proof what little | tain, or something like it. On the foot of the | mysterious sheets wiil be turned from west to y tricks or legerdemain. How was this to be leras and the table lands bordering the eastern shore of After this we hy ingen with the considera. | time it requires to submerge the valleys all round under } eastern end of the sierra Inchibabi, near the 1 Sierras Madre, St. Cruz, Paiarto, eh ' Bere was both mind and physical force wholly without a | the Rio Bravo del Norte. 80 we look atas upon adiluvial | tion of the various ‘which we shall have to | the most terrible sweep of rain water currents. Our | Old mission of Sonoyta, chioritic slates and green | and others of that region have exhibited some mortal cause, There was another reason why he sought | rcean thousandfold intersected bv those ic walls, | cross by following our Azimuth line from southeast to- | camp at the time was near the head cf a ravine, ant, come to sight. They appear, however, but locally, anda | their history, whilst the weetern hav: branch of the same sierra ranging due north shows to do £0. Earthq ‘un Opportunity of explaining how he now came todifler | dykes and reefs, which we know as those mountain wards porthwest. from those with whom he had hitherto acted on the sub- | oanges already mentioned. SreKRA DEL PazaRrmo.—The southeastern terminus of ‘of science. For the first three months after he had In the immedia’e yicinity of the latter banks and iso- | our Azimuth line on the northern slope of the Sierra dei the study of the subject he had remained an unbe- | lated beds of pebbles are visible, the character of which | Pajarito, (little bird or birding), shows crystalline tran. ‘Wever, and had published bis opinion in that view. He | answers to ic features of those mountain | sition ri » Seu oa or unchanged, also trachy- mow desired to show that he not lightly given upthat | parts whence the ved. These pebbles, however, | tic strata, or metamorphic forms of granitic and sienitic epimion. He thought that it was due to him and due | are not to be confounded with other similar pebble banks | strata. e of the more elevated portions exhibit a tw the eubject that be should have a hearing before this | appearing occasionally right in the centre of those desert | rough cellular suriace, whilst the lower are more dense 'y- basins, especially along certain water beds, which at | and smooth. ‘The color is duil red or light pink. These Prof. Puexct said that every one had admired the man- resent may have served oui their purpose, or still may | rocks abound in crystals of glassy felspar, and occa b And im which Prof. Hare bad called for @ discussion on ibe dry channels —- which eometimes rain water | eionally particles of angite; thus answering to the fre subject. He had known Prof. Hare for years, and | currents off. Pebble beds of the first mentioned | quent occurrence of sienitic granite. The foot of this ewteemed and respected bim, as they all did, though he | clase are the reault of the disintegrating forces of the air | sierra. shows on the north side on some of its cuchillos a @ifered trom him on this particular subject. He regretted | upon the faces of the mountains, deposited not far from | very fine grained white metamorphic sienite, consist- very much to be obliged to oppose bim. the place where bags Bl ho whilst those of the | ing of minute particles of hornbiende and white tele The Cuum here interposed to say that there was no | second class seem to be the gatherings of an immense | On the lower parts of the west slope, talcose, argilla- motion before the house, anc asked some member to put | area, coxeisting of the most dilfereut pieces disiocavet ceous and quarzose slates are met with, though trachy- eo from the most diverse and often very remote geograpti- | tic rocks are ranging through in every direction. One ‘Some confusion followed, Dr. Hare and other members | cal quarters. A wide spreading medicm must have co! | of the aroyos there ig cutting through a solid mass of wpeaking together. The Chair at last recognized lected a compouns of go heterogeneous constituents. So | tracbyte, forming erto through vertical walis on both ‘Dr. Winslow, who moved that a committee be appoint- | we Gnd in the eand loose pieces of limestone of different sides of perhaps feet diameter, The mountains on ed wo consider the subject of spiritaalism, and that they | gecicgical age, as there are, for instance, represeated the | both sides slope towards this under an angle of meet in tbe nearest insune asylum. (Tremendous conta- | carboniferous, cretaceous, tertiary, and even traces of | 36 or 40 feet. This sod other k ities on the lower por- fon and general hisses and groans.) fresh water lime. We also find egath, chalcedony, opal, | tion of this sierra abound also in pudding stone, volcanic Prot. Acase: ‘th great warmth, rose and eahl that | semi-opal, jasper, slates, and all sorts of silicious or bieccia, Sapte perery, and trappitic amygdaloid B was shame‘u! that an old and venerated member like | silicided forms, breccias, conglomerates, crystalline and | rocks. Some of ‘waterbeds round the foot of this Br. Hare should be insulted in thie American Association. | amorphous. ‘There lie, thrown together, silicified, | sierra are lined with yalar formation, and ao- notwithstanding @ very short range, after an elapse of five minutes, hail and rain had created a torrent of five Haak preven Sanie, Alling sy rocky bed tw its top in- tly. Smrna Verve —A broad, fiat valley, nine miles wide, separates the Sierra de la Escondida and the adherent Sierrita del Graniza from the Sierra Verde, which seems not to be more or less than a southern spur or braach oi the Sierra de! Babuquibari to the north of the line. The plaios bordering the various dry water courses of this ig he well furnished with good grass, and seem to be wsort of plenty of game. © borders of the water courses, though usually dry, exhibit # rich growth of trees (oak) The Sierra Verde—so called from the Deautiful verdure encountered in the shelter of its rocky ‘valleys—seems to be entirely formed by the same {els ic granite whicn was mentioned on the east slope af ‘the Sierra de la Ascondida. [he strike is on the west side. The cross diameter, scarcely more thao « mile, does not incur any petrographical novelties, Its longi- tudinal axis ranges from southeast towards northwest. where it joine the bold ig neous walls of the Sierra Gabu. quibari, ‘which is here at a distance from th about fifteen Englisn miles. The whole length Sierra Verde ecarcely exceeds fifteen miles. Round tts southern end some trappitic hills and mounds are crossing out for the diluvial main. At the same locality, right throughout that same white or light colored felspatic crys- talline rock. This branch being the lowest in elevation, and but short unt) it is absorbed by the western out- runters of tne Sierra del Ajo, was pamed Sierrita di So- nop ta. ‘The eastern part of the ciénaga is open for tra veliers to Presidio de Altar. There the dividing ridge ia meng but a slight sweil of the diluvis! plain, Besides the abundance of charcos and be geet through its lower jon, this cic is blessed with the origin of a small river, fed in its very outset by a num- ber of little springs. pape Ry eg | from a Gat ae. Their water is beautifully clear, of a bluish jue, somewhat of higher temperature, and slightly brackish. Netwithstanding the rich supply by which the little river of Sonoyts is nourished at its Dirsh, it cannot hold itelf as @ running stream. ru mile it di |, and regaing daylight several times. The water, lt owever, is ;constant enough to j any set- ‘emeat in ite vicinity, Thus ibe Roman church had once estabiished ene of ber missions of Pimeria alta in this re- mcte and desolate quarter of Sonora. However, like the lit- Ue river of Sonoyta, the well intended establishment ¢id Rot develope much tego Some poor = of ruined miserable walls are the whole ef what is left to recognize the spot, which is now the outlet of the valley. This is occu- pied now by a group of a few Mexican aad Indian buts, u ot deserts would be subjected, could aid the of the mountains and the sweeping winds to clear the 1 face of the land from its terrible burden, which is advers| phd Purposes of man and to the aiill higher ends « ure. ‘The secton then adjourned. THEY BE SUSTAINED BY THE UNITED BPATES ARM @eateving appiause. ) athized or opalized ments of wood side by side | parently of a later age that formerly men- | under the steep slopeside of the sierra, aspring finds its } tbe inbabiants of which are irrigating some tillable ‘A BLOW AT FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE, Dr. Wauow, roge and begged to say @ word. wtb mere erences of wood, either mmatamervhoeed tioned. At first eight we looked upon jit as y to the surince, fitting this place to a general camp. | ground. The vropertion of the latter is indeed very No ‘who is consci opposed to the ho ‘The Cusm—Make it short, then, sir. oF unchanged, and quite of late date. On another # if it were a fresh water deposite, overlying | ing ground for roaming Indians, or travelling Me small,and scarcely enough to satiefy some twenty or | ing of slaves, or who does not ‘the right to boll Dr. Wreetow apologized. on ‘we may observe a semi-opal, consisting toon | of shells, | or placed alternately with smn volcanic Beas gro In fe gegen ag tha ogee ber “a Be c — yomeee, eee he sienied a dot Ajo, slaves in this Territory, shall ves juror in any cause j I by t, to the effect dily » some expecially where it occurs of a greater | of the country under the name ‘Pozo Verde lograph: 1¢ Sierra del Ajo, Prof Pimncy continued bis argument. to the et the age of which is readily recogni y mu places, iy # y el forming tee hoe Jorn oorher of the Clenaga ¢1 doaoyts, Which the right to hold any person im slavery ss involvec Ex Bawcqvivak: —Almost due north from the survey ng station esteblished upon the crest of thia sierra, the Vieacho of the Sierra del Babuquibar! is situated. £1 ene of those oregraphical phenomena of the country he singularity of which could not fail to raise the atten jou of the red man. In tact, the Papago nation consi vers this huge mountain obelisk their patladium, taking here refuge ia times of famine, scarcity or war. *' abs quibart,”” we are told, signities, in the language of these péiupa, “water on the mouptain.” and is forme t fror nor in any cause in which any injury is dove 10 or © mitted by any slave, is in issue, nor in apy criminal pro ceeding for the violation of any Jaw enacted for the twotion of slave property, and for the punish: crime committed against the right to such property. an TNOONSTITUTIONAL OATHS REQUIRED. officers elected appointed under any existing ¢| subsequently enacted fiws of this ,, ebail and subscribe the following oath of office —I, do solemnly ewear, upom the holy Evangelists of A dheee spiritual maniiestations must either be spiritual—in | merous monulites associated with them Wich the height, some traces of str: , and even cleavage,are which case they were no concern of the Associations— ther hand we may take up an agath abounding in the | visible. It forms throughout its lower portions one so! er jogg.cry, which was equally beyond the scope of that eatest fragwents of encriniticor cordline form, whilst | cemented mass, bed between vertical walls of pedy. St foot will touch a piece cf jasper or hornetoas, cpom | some 20 and 40 feet high a torrent, which at the time Hane, who rose frequently to interrupt Prof. Meree, | which, by means of a common lent glass, texture and | paeved here in most places was dry. The color of these ted against the unfarness of this mode of putting rein of tome copiferous wood can be discovered. Not | roc as light brown or dark ashgray. Its outer crus’, npn tag > peommon are also large fragments of wood opal,ex- | a# ed by a process of calcination, was quite loose in Prof. Mirenerz moved that one hour be allowed to Prof. | biting traces of the scructure of fossil wood anou- | seme places, and then a mealy, marole like powder, lik Bare to explain bie theory. fe differed entirely from his | ar concentric rings, though with the marks of grain chalk, could be scratched out. Thore was po re-agent at views, and he would pot vote for a discussion of the sub- ‘anished away; also glass opal, or hyalith, containing | band t» prove ‘this rock as to its contatuing carbonate of seems to be @ rewarkabie monument, eetablishing the real boundary between the coast and the interior. It is also in the northwestern portioa of the same where rich argentiferous acd auriferous copper ores abound, contain. ing, as it ie said, eufficient gold and silver to defray the expenses of mining and sesaying. These ores were Givcovered nome years sgo, aid are worked now by a Californian mining sesociation, called the ‘‘ Arizona Com. pany.” This eame compasy, ides exploriug the wat be, f ' Id listen to Prof. Hare for an aste or traces of some forms of the coralage, pitolits, | | but we do not doubt it contained such, eveu wheo | babu (water), and ari (rock or mountain) The in etreteh from bere direct to the Gila river, first opened, 3 eee ne. ibe ought the Association would do the | ther unchanged or metamorphic, as if iicating the | we incline at the same time to reler this remarkable mass | ‘rose? eight of the main body of this slerre, nad cape J also, wih considerable expense and labor, a road ey oe es ene eee elisk:- like rook tbrot mu passes, rid ans , and tbat port and sustain tt cially the obelisk-like rock ou the top of it, probably ex | through the mountain and provided, by means 0! | Deovisious of an act <ptitled ‘An act 10 organise the Terr making of a toadstone. to volcanic products, and perhaps with good reason to The deserta on both sides of the Colorado and along | tet very cement which forms ibe matrix of the volcanic he Gila abound ir such pebbie beds, surrounded by thst | treceiatefore mentioned. We found bere and every k, no matter at what ooate of ime, as if it artificial tanks, for the preservation of rain water, which falls Upon these regions. ng the bea of the river of Sonoyta, a narrow pass leads. without any difficulty, into another cienaga, which being lees well watered than the one of Sonoyta bears again the common desert character. Ite diametri cal extension fe about the same with the former, and may be stated as being 15 miles across and along.’ The so- noyta stream winds ite bed through it, but forms only ip the upper balf, in vrcike an increased powar of attractloa towards the aqueous deposite of the clouds, which more co iously gather round its head. At the same time too more iv access ble recesses of the sierra #ecur of the water stores in those higher regions. Viewing the country westward from the height: of the Sierra Verde another wide plain is visi ble, which, at a distance of about from twely to ‘fifteen tiles, is bordered by another mountain vories of Nebraske and Kansas,’ and the provisions the law of the United states iy Cy Fopitve Slave law. faithfully and imoartially, an, to the best of my ability, demean myeeif in the d of my duties in the office of . So belp me God.” THE YREEDOM OF THR PRESS DESTROYED, If any free person, by speaking or by writing, or maintain that persons bave not the right to bold slav« vame. Prof. Davies, of Weet Point, fel¢ that no man i Agsociation bad mcre respect for the mover of ‘han he. He bad known him longer than mort members, | ame above described uniform sand. by which they be | where trappitic aad — nd yielded to none ‘n consideration for bis character ome occasionally entirely buried. or from under which | elevation it was taken, adlering ° a But as & member of this Aseocia. | they are redeemed again by the play of the wrial cur- | had been precipitated there by water. Every basaltic don be would allow no personal consideration to eway | rents or trachytic boulder exhibfted the same in <heir empty Bis vote. His time and that of the other mombers be For the eclentific observer fragments of the mentioned | vesicular cavities. The fissures between there rocks and Jonged to the Association; though they might be willing to | charecter are the pearis of this vast terrestrial ocean, the della where they laid embedded show # similar pre- @ive one or several bours of their own Ume through per: | which opce must bave formed the boitum of an aquoous | cipitate ofa similar calcarcon stance. Oa the east onal coveideration for Dr. Hare— whste of the same dimensions, and under the sway ‘of | slope of the sierra, in a yalley called Los Noga’es (the | range, traversiry the country in that unvariable bearing, or three places, small shallow | in this Territory, or shal! introduce into this Territory Prof Hixe—i ask no consideration, eir which these pebble beds must have been collected. Since | walnuts), similar strata line the course of the water | sourbeast and northwest. poncs, where during the dry season water must be dog. | Print, publish, write, circulate, or cause to be introduce] Professor Davies—As a member of thie association he | the waters have receded from this arca another ocean of | there, sometimes forming @ continuous winding low bank The eastern dalf of the ictermediate plain seems to fe Mountain and bill ranges formed by the same — into this Territory, written, printed, pubbehed or ciret sour oppose the oscupation of ita time by the subject. Re | # more subtle character sweeps over it. Now tne serial | OF terrace on both aides, and tumetimes coveriuz, even | vor mnore the developement of a vegetable cover than th thic cryetalline rocks border this cien: round. The | lated, in this Territory, A ‘was oppose: d to the bringing of exciting popular topics be currenta are driving the sbifting sand about as once the | to some extent, the slopes of the surroun ting mouotainy more open west end is limited by a of the dilcvial | pamphlet, or circular, cont ing any ial of the rigt Western portion, which, especially in fis lower regions, ia simost entirety deprived of floral life. The ea abcunds ip grass and dense brushwood, besi: of persons to hold slaves im this Territery, such shall be deemed goiltv of felony, and puniehed by in| prisoument at bard labor for @ term of net less than tw] beds, leaving but an opening for the occasional surplus of water of the sooyta river. Thia cie ys endeavored to avoid | currents of the ocean must have done. At present only | Covstituted by crystalline rockt. On these hillsides the pping w- fore this Asrocation. He hada) fhe exciting topics of the day in bis which inay be areer as a teacher of | local alterations take place on these plains, moving the | s#me mass forme inclined sheivelike beds, =. and be thougbt the same principle sbould govern | sand about from one place to another. The level of these wards the valley and exbibiting oy arrent | derable growth, of murquitewood, whilst the western | Called Quitovaquita, partakes still more in the physio ‘Ancor ation. deserte must, undoubtedly, have been disturbed siace | lines asbaly, lamivated texture. Hart of this valley, J portion seems to have been, at first, divested of aii graphy ot the California desert, Fears. Quitobaquita #1 mall If any person print, write, introduce into, publish ¢ fies, in the Papago language, mountain gap or pass, which in reality !s formed here by low mountain ridges. a of the Sierras del Ajo, di Qa: tobagqvita and Inchibabi. Upon the rising ground on the weet end of this clenaga, a wealthy Mexican es.ablished a caitle rancho, The inbabitanta here depend on epring ‘Water, which flows in abondance from some 12 to 16 ima}! springs, a)! rising in one Une vpon a bank which apparently been formed by the same material they themselves had precipitated, Tne substance itself seems: to be tome form ot carbonate of lime, The water of bese spring? resembles in ite appearance and mode of Vegetables by the destroying tooth of small trogloditic uadrupeds. It is a very siagehe fact that both parts of ese plains bad been afew daya ago benefited by co- pious rains, aud notwithstanding the western por on ro. wained stilia raked coursed flat. Through the tnicket« of th slope under the Sierra Verde we saw flocks of the Diack-tai! deer, which seems to have here its boundary, whilet on the western barren half, pumbors of shy ante lopes freely ranged over the level, untidden before the tavoller, No dovbt the pbysingraphy of the country here commences to take @ (urn to ita disadvantage, of whieh we #ball see more after reaching the next moan ‘The question on Professor Mitchell's motion wae then | their deporition. Besides the general declination of the | slong the eseternmonrt outlayers of the sierra, the same for for, and iret. westerc slope of the Sierra Madre towards the Gulf of | mation, still more boldly dsvelope:, ls met with, as every fesebr Rocxks rose, and said that bis venerable | California, an increased declination of stratum is percep- | treveller going from bere to Sauta Croz may ouserve. Mend, who was very earnest in bis belief on the point, | tibie round the base of the intersecung mountains. Farther to the south, and towards the southwestern: sequiesced in the decixion of the meeting, though be be | There deviations form the angle of genera! ascent from most link of the same cordillera (bal is on the strike side Sever that it did him injnstice: but he bad requected him | the Colorado towards the Sierra del Pajarito, respective | Of the Sierra Santa Barbera. and still farther downwards fessor Rogers) to invite the members to meet him | the Sierra Mi dre, do not affect the angie of inclination of | ito Sonora, strata of the seme character adovud ia ail jdually, a the time most convenient to them, fora | the mainland, and we may ascribe (hem solely to the ‘the valleys drained by running water. hose exam nation of the experiments he bad made. deposition of debris from the mountaws. The angi | The voloanic breccia occurring alto in most of the water Mr. Woouwontm, on behalf of the Local Committee, in- | formed by the rising of the diluvial ‘eposits and the | leading valleys and ravines of the Sierra del Pajarito, yited the members to a reception to be given that even: | horizontal bave of the mountains {n the Santa Cruz river | rites from 40 to 60 feet under an angle from upwards of fg by Mre. Dodiey. valley was measured to be ==2,5°%. 460 to vertical walis. Some pieces of i were tried, circulate, gr cause to be brought into, printed, writter published Sr cireulated, or shall knowingly aid or assis im bringing into, printing, publishirg, or circ within said Ter itority, any book, paper, pampbiet, gazive, bandbul or circular, containing any state T Arguments. opinion, sentiment, doctrine, advice or inuer do, calculated to produce a disorderly, orous, OF dellious disafection among the slaves in ibie Territo or w induce such slaves to esc from rvice their masters, or to resist their authority, be ehall ity of felony, and be punished by imprisonment letter was presented by an ambrotypist, who desired The general ascent of country i# a more essential proof | hested im alarge log fire, aud toen tirown into cold water, } \ain range, which is, volike the others we had paswed un | eue ‘of Sonoyta, and we believe it no mivtake 4 labor for a term of not leas than five years. @e Association to inspect his pictures. of the upbee ving of country since the deposition of the | upon which they showed much effervescence, though | til now, bot a sbort detached group, budding out from | W place the phenomenon of both upon one Physiographt: HAWEAS CORPUS SUEPENDRD. jovial drift. A fine drawn upon its plane | without breaking. the diluvial main Like @ mountainous ‘siand, cal base, and considering them as mineral or In the chapter which treats of the writ of habeas corp watere. Leaving Quitobaquita the Sopot over a very broad ridge, dipping east and west, and forming a kind of a yoke we have this limitation:— No sope or mulsito, beld as 8 slave wiibin the tory, or lawfuliy arrested as & fugitive from service Snana pe LA Usion—Notwithatanding of lesser exten sion, it presents rtill the same petrographic charactor by being a dualistic compound of igneous and crystalline Professor Dewry said that he *ua informed that the Gr | quaternary or wee m California, which were supposed to be 3,000 years fen the valley of the Colorado to thas point on the foot Sienna Jano#.—To the north and northwort of thie At, were in dancer of being extirpated. He moved that | of the Sierra del Pajarito, where diluvial deposity cease— mountain range, with its bearing from east to weet, the Professor Henry be a comm.tiee to communicate wilh ta, Sierra Janos is rising up in bold terraces of dark rea @e government with a view to the preservation of these | t: 900 brown amygdaloid trap and porphyry, the broadest ter | rocks, the latter taking, I believe, the larger portion. In | (J0sUm) between the Sierra of Quitobaquita and @ moun- | another State or Terrory, shall be discharced, : ee feet to one mile, or 0.23':100", yaoes being slong ite lower regions.” ‘Fhe ocge of rach of | the edat rlope sitallar folepatic granite roc Pos whiten. | lain group to the south, called [08 Corros de la Salada. his right of treedom be bad under’ the proviswea of th nok my seconded the motion, and \t was car- Some valleys may exist, heading on the slopes of the a tic shelves is anes with —— ed, somewhat metamorphic state, occur, whilst the west # — Aang ed reg oy oo prevail. | act. upasimously Sierra del Payarito, through which dilavial depomrts rise stil! | rocks, dy ip the most phantagtic | slove shows « similar quargowe quatemary granite. A ¢ structure yertos de la indicates a gene- RARRAROC® PUNISHMENTS REVIVED. Onaxrxtt moved tht # du pot affect the angle of the | manner. falting back towards the Nar one was mentioned at the Slerrita: Gel Griaizo. | Pal geognostical disturbance under which these hills and who may be sentenced by any court mounds once have been grouped together. They are of different absolute beight, and their rocky > very much interspersed or covered with debris. In genera’ the entire arrangement and ranging of the sierras be- spine of the whole is formed by us amygdaloid porphyritic rocks, hither and ‘overlaid andconceaied by the crystallime strate Professor ditore ee higher, but euch exceptio: g terraces @ sndit the accounts of the Asem general ascent of this etratem. The relative and absolute | main body of the siorra, joining it by means of desp ani ‘The Cuam appointed Profeerore J. L. Le Gonteand | elevation to which thie diluvial main rises im its ap- | Tugged lateral vaileye, on the other site of which they 3. B ©. Coma. proach to the Sierra Madre forms o striking peculiarity in | fuse the bigher and steeper. The most elevated! part—the Te meting then atjonrned, to treet ‘n eect.one. the features of the county; With a gradual ascent it | Central stock—forms a huge table block, exhiviting on ite | not having fully protruded the former, The northern the charge of the ki ‘of euch oF podiie BEOTION OF GEOLOGY. farnishes & natural bridge simost over the entire height ‘end of this sierra is occupied by its highest peak, which, | tween thie piace and ta proves @ deviatwn of the water toe hung of Oa prey nt Aa Para of those rocky mountains, the rugged crests aod sum. falling north of the line, received the name Cerro de li | ettablished role of parallelism among ali the sierras of | jail or public prison may be put te jabor, as ‘President E:tcheook in the chair. mits of which otherwiee wonld havo remained inaccees! v 5 northwestern Sonora, The mountain ranges of Quitola- | the first section of cbis act (to wit, on the str ‘The first papers read were — ble, Whilst oGering, however, such an advantage, it From the surveying station established in the poerto of } vita, del Ajo and Inchibabi appear like three gigantic | roads, public buildingr, or other public works of th thes la Union, we look, as from a dividing ridge, | Tows of waves after overreaching each otber and party ‘and euch k An exhibition of foes) fish remains from the carbo. | fers otherwise very serious evils, by ~ : thick veil, all that porton of country which for ts level | tance of ten to fifteen English milks. The vernsoular iifercas limentones and coal measures ct Diino, by A. § | character, or at least very little inclined plane, shoad | Dame Janos has no reference to the petrographic charac oh led to & technical discussion, in whica | form the proper field for those higher faculties of nature | ter of the sierra. It signifies inthe language of the Pa payo diecharging thew convents, forming a net of irreguiarly ea aos ‘verre 5 upon the surrounding country. Through that part we just bad passed over, mountains and mountainous wtretcbes prevailed, leaving but a small share for Worthen, by which the latter promotes the de velc, it of vt yo Indians, an arborescent sbrub of the biguoniaceous | the dijuvial ¢eposita, but from here to Prefeencr Agarsiz and other members took ae : table and subeequeoly of animal life. fnstead of that i | order (Chilopeis), which grows abandantly through | the fats and ieves of drifling sand prevail Generalities of the geology of Oregon and Northern | pow jies prostrate, a geological eisyphos, haviog water at | the dry rocky and stony water beds ail over the country, California, by J. 8. Newberry, * ite base and seeing it (reasured up 1a clouds without being | and also in this peiehborhood. The striking resemblance able receive and a, the Ei of the centre block of this sierra to masonwork, would On fossil wood, with structure, found by Bir W. 5. Lo . prise the benedit of ether. Even the same stream is 50 extremely saline that not even star: thore fow rains which fall upon it am@ instantly swallowed | Certainly justily the more appropriate name «de les la @ in the Devonian rocks of Gaape, C. E., by Profesor | on py the bottomless aand, leaving no traces of havi dridios,”” (sierra of the brickstones,) ior that lefty ceutre- jug mules will touch \t. This salt water occasioned the 2. W. Dawson. This paper also led to come discunsion. | done some goot. —— "6 | bart agrees very much to Hamboldt’s d ion of name de la Salada, applied to that mountain group pla od ‘The learned Proferser showed ew it was allied in iw The few periodical water cireams desconding from the { portion of the Peruvian volcano Pichincha, where next to it, From here the country opens entirely in a trnetas © to confers mountain slopes share the same fate with the scanty | also a similar orograptical phenomenon \s mentioned. southerly direction towards the coast, ieaving iree sig! there shall be two or eonvicus ‘The next paper was — gaiberings of the clouds falling upon thie driftiand. 1m. | (n that volcano it is constituted by a kind of pitchstone, o & pretty mage og entirely ieoia'ed sierra, which is | of such keeper, or other ‘such convicts shail Y SBULOWICAL ORSERT ATION® ON TBR FICTO- VOLCANIC LOPE OF poe By reaching it they disappear from the sur. | cleaving io thin vertical slabs or layers, which, at a dis Singular name, which signiies @ | fasiened toger' VHR SinKKA MADRE ALON THE a@ANCTH POUNDARY LNB ng 10 unknown Gopiba, leavitg only in the vici. | tance, gives to It algo the ap earance of mason work, yo sued conyidle thant ve engages ia baa Deetle, we are not able to account for, it has no reference | during the ume £ THROUGH NORTYWEHTERN CONORA, MeOR CNDER Tee nimwe | atty of the mountains but slight marks of a rudimentar; called by the Mantes of Anito “ Prio de o any peculiarity of this sierra, and so we believe ita labor Son sw communcstas wine can Sunmnen, or sun | comagemmbenmenet y ond teen, ‘which bor. | ee MaRS Blcation to be caused, by some, particular cocarrence. eS Oe ae ee UNTERD STATES COMMIRONSR, MAJOR W. B. EMORY. xy | der the dry water beds of the country. Thus, the views Summa Aratcosa.—On the northern slope of the sierra, about twenty-five miles distant from the line, It SECRETS SOUNEEEND RUSSREDS ARTEURAMUTT, WasHENCTON, D. 6. ings of water arc lont upon these plaink, axJil trusted alms | Sierra Jano» another group |» arranged, placed with io almost eptireiy inacceasible for want of water; bot it is Any person shall aid or assist in enticing, Srrvaniow oF Yun GrovN>—Am airline drawn south- | in che bowtomiess pooket of an unworthy both the former upon one adival axis, and renswned through al! Sonora for its wonderiul and inex. | 2" Persuading, or carrying away or sending cut of te faniward, irom the eft bank of the Fi Celorado del deste, | The objection peculiar to the surface of thia dilovml | baving, at the came time, wilh the Sierra Jauoe & hauatible layers of rock salt. It is stated thet this precious | TeFritory any slave belonging to another, wiih the intel Sweoiy miler below the mouth of tue Gil, to the inters | maim if groch like that of the corresponding regions on | similar bearing from southwest towards northeast material 19 atored up in immense masses, and arranged | 10 Procure oF effect the treedom of guch slave, a” wit ‘eection of the meridian of 101 dacress long tade of Groen | the other ride of the Sierra Madre, or on the wes side of | tbat is, toward the valley of the Senta Cran river. uncer a variety of sirata, varying in all tints and colors. | Seen'ttave, ho shall be adjudged quity ef grand ire ‘wich and the paraliei 3i deg. 20 min. north lat, com. | the Oolcrado river, Besides, number of smaler and] The three links of the cordilirs they The group of the Cerros de la Salada, is most provad'y | Soa. on conviction ti sit Mater. deaths or eis the western portion of tue eew boundary vetweaa | more wconspicuous forme, the larrea Mexicana, um | bave dip and ptrike alike towerds the Mania \ cobnected with the salt reyion of Pinacate. wed uae , shall suffer or be in} two repubiies—ol the United States and Nexico— | guiera _ several obloues and other chenopodia. | In its petrographic character the Sierra Atascoea is like Leaving the Salada mountains bebind, a wide waterless | Prive! etneenpinn phan tg sone pentane panne which was inteiy surveyed aod evablished ander the | ceous ‘be, and also quite a number of iceuminous | that of Jaton, and being closely connected, they may ber of isolated | pig fies } entice, Cp away ott ‘of the #e called Gedaden troaty. Gergraphical | berbe, shrubs apd trees, and various members of the | both be considesed aa iwinn The cordiliors of these r well known | tort us deprive the owner thereat of ¥ fe oo for Bus sectian of the boundary would be Sonorian, | orser 0: cctt familiar to every | three sierras termicates in the northwestern slope of the igneous mast- | Sinve, or with intent ve off of the services of Su ‘or Pimerian line, for itruna Wrougi Chat north western 2 . latter, whers a wide valley intersects their jametion with "i LT ER Ay the freedom i art of Sonne, ‘hick also dears ibe old “panwh name | ‘tee Semeron oF mre Coverey.—abore we have | the northwestern Sierra cel Babuquimri Ne val is ig bounded by low and gradual | uch elere, sail ve tvetens on" ‘arceny 0 Alta,” Pimeria). Ageodetic name tor the | pomted to che simple plan upen which meture con. | of some im] ao cOMstaDt Water Ovcure there. to the north and west by | Sd) on fy ee Ba Gaus or be ix) game would be Astenath (ine,” vecasae it ‘oversect | structed the more pony parte—that ia, the rocky | deserted of Aribac of Aribeca is situmert here. ‘constitnted by the before mention. | Pri#oned at hard labor for not less years, wan obliqne dissection from southeast tower's north weet oe 5 oe oe ee ae The \weatern or end of the Amacai WITIPYING PORT KEVIVED—WOMRS WierreD. @i) the meridiana and fallen in with This line | 1 To come to the ying strata upon which | ‘ormed by igneous 1 and peake towering up im the | f inderoe, where the weatern side ia Tf any slave shall commit petit larceny, or shail ster] ben distinguishes ‘tel! from the satern portion, whien, | the d'lwia™deparites are placed, we will have to step at | most forme. Thia region also bears the name | easily gained. in this pare a great deal of cr: Any heat cattle, « whilst rompag 4 to and meridices, ence very Seep, ior constituents of the seoondary ege seem | of 1” Atascosa means “the miry.” We do | talline nnd transition rocks ‘appear, but meanor or other offe.ce punishable ander tbe provision crosses northeastern northern Chikvabon in | to be lacking. Crystalline rocks, of ‘and traasl. | not know whether thie Spanish aame refors te the appear. | roling features are constituted by the igneous of thia act onty b which fate 1 erminetes on the banks of the Kio Brave | tion age, nore oF fase mncteenorsene! onetioute the vost ‘ance of these mountains, which, indeed, le much aa | merses. The name, De los Cinderos, was yiven or by both sue! del Norte. bed upon which the upper ptrata are placed. The bot. if they noe bad risen out of a bot, boiling veloaaie pool. | to this sierra op account of thone fork forming cliff, ly these horrid re 01 eveb punishmen' Our Azimuth ume, then, for ite heyidnn gr takes tte | tom, however. doce net form an even |, more or leas | The absolute elevatiom above the Santa Oru which are ‘ bold under seal. No ible water places invite the tra. | OP his bare back ny egerse over tne catera shape of the besin the Celutor. | inchined, but ite eurtare spreare broken and | seems to be pretty much the same the veller on these plains to a short stop to recreate his | male, by imprieom J nian gulf, following the cin aquarum vetween the | protruded by eruptive rocks, which foresd with them. | sie to me the highest points of Sierra Juno work out or starving animals, [ither fly or oie stands | twenty Ore days, OF oy stripes mot exceeding t Gila and Lboee streams of northwestern Sonora, which, | seiver the hrokes Of the former above the level of | locked as if they overlooked ail other: etorehis mind, ana also before the instinct of the ani. } ame, at the discretion of the justice, ‘Gy a southwoster!y cooree, drain the adjacent country, | the diluvial main. Thus were formed at the time those All round the Sierra del Pajorite smaller and wale, and both man, horee and mule exert their beat to NO BENEFIT OF CLERGY. pally emptying into the “olf of Califurcia From one | mighty sierres now the framework of our geological | ¢prings teem to abound, but their course is more or A number of graves and skeletons and number Chap. 64, sec. 23.—Crimes and Panishmen\e @ttremity of the line tw the otier—thet ie, from the | edifice. ior to their pet we | concealed, for which reason it needs aa expert eye to look Jers dried up carcasses the road bear witness how | Refit of clergy in criminal cases, and all appea'e of oe Noh dh pany Pajarito, in the epper part of the ang cues them as ploto-colcant > fer (bem during the latter part of he dry mony have falled to reacn the other side. are forever abolished .. forever is the word. Oras river Bm 9 the initial point on the banks th the hy paometric features of these sierras, or bet. | April, May, June and of July. Mai Paw.—The western jon of the desert, between JCDGH LACOMPTR’S DEFINITION OF MOR TREACON Fe Saaate (6 ), the line moasures 293 Gag | ter to Cordilieras, two important peculi triues are | sicria, from below to ite highest top the Salada peaks and the del Tule, rises towards | This Territory was organized by an act of Con Seb milee (round numbers) pd 4 ‘These are—1. Paralietiem among themseives | well developed. All the slopes ‘and the latter, This rise, together with an immense ved of and, co fae, Wa entnority 0 trom the United States. As for vaines to express the hypsometrw amd general | and to the at the Californian Guit gy ed to | good grazing, and @ dense growth of shrubbery vesicular blact trap, commences a Legislature, electea pursuance of that organic Paya ayeepy ; 2. Articulation, and 3. General the rough surface re teint. Yomt pF pane we an instrument of Congress elationsbip. wal found. From here which it governs has parsed cumetances of the various: maguatain ranges omeny omell peaks increase ia number, aca’ grad. | laws, everest fermen es pane in 7 An striking reference to the bearing unily a tore e ongated , ‘and ail that resist these inws, resist the ‘0d ‘point of the Pacific, a a fact already and better ore Merritas. Drawing nearer towards tho rity of the Ceived States, and are th guilty of hi south from {awe under which nature has effected it. | bere, but since entirely exterminated, oot Tole, (be slerritas increase in size and namver, and | treaon. ‘tnitial point the Itt eur extension of the axis of these mountains | 41s; bical features this fierra partakow form paraitet ovtworks of the Sierra del Tule \tseif. Now, gentlemon. if you find that any persons have eS San ‘combined action of electro. of the Sierra di Santa Cruz, and ail the SIERRA DRE Tus a The huge creat masses of thie range Sipted these laws, then you most under your oaths, potent currents of te oosas, sad Sierra Madre farther east. Fyen in appear itke the white end binck heade of jong ocean-| bills againet wuch persone for high treason. if you named ® J dy the eothermal, isooliatc Serra del Pajarito fe not left behind waver, suddenly ano crystalized when in the | that no such resistance has been made, but that ‘eet above ot the +re notable to decide, aad s0 we the | Lor Nogales, Wii yaory. Cn midst of chaotic op ORF; thos tell now their mythic { tons of eitlal os the difference of elevation be | following ae a mere theory, founded on the observation: | ciorer, received soveral dine tales of pasteras, “be ge | forces yyed in ween and Jewel of the ovnan, may put | mace in the f id, Perbape after the first onset of that obtained from the Immedinta the ay coture of these o Wal feft but one uniform, but pevertieless very eloqy “Ot, mark Os the Jace of these oj 2 } a bi g 3 33 = s peovlar reef yy tyke formation, probably ® primary <