The New York Herald Newspaper, July 29, 1856, Page 2

2 Gas San Pranctsso Comrespo: San Praxomsoo, June 20—12 o'clock. A Present from San Francisco to New York— Constitution af the Viglance Commattee and the” Teciaration of Principies—The New Organiza | ron Formed to Support the Committee—Its Cha- racter and Objects—Resolutions Passed at its First Meeting. &e., §. {This letter has for vignettes engravings of the | wooms «f the Vigilance Committee, Sacramento | street, and of the mass meeting held on the 14th oF Jane co endorse the acts of the Committee.) Look at this picture, Mr. Bennett, of the great out pouring of the people on Saturday to endoree the acts ef the Committee of Vigilance. Extend the area, a3 shown on this sheet ten times, and it will yet give you but a faintidea of the compact masses assem- bled, moved by but one impulse—the regeneration ei California—the overthrow of roffianish and cor rupt politicians—the parification of the jadicial and political atmosphere, and the re-establishment—no’ everthrow—of the law in its purity; and for such have we arisen in our might. From the surges of ‘the Pacific to the snowcapped peaks of the Sierra Nevada, there is but ome voice, declaring that etther from the penal settlements of Great Britain, wor the Bowery, New York, sball we henceforth mport our law gives or patent voters, Hence, we send them back to you, Mr. Bennett. “This climate has changed of late, and suttes not their constitutions, They might get ‘the bronchitis, or come other disease affecting their respiration, were they to tarry longer here. We pow, that in your abundant wealth, you would wil- tangty spare us some of your political jewels; but we must not take advantage of your generosity. You, ef New York, have become used to their ways of ad- «ounistering the jaw, and grinding out, on the paten= team power principle, the votes necessary for mu- mcipal purposes, and you don’t mind it; but we, on the Pacific, are yet in a semi-civilized state, and are mot yet prepared for scientific innovations on oi) es wablished forme—'‘of one man potting in but ene vote.” Itissiow, ladmit, but, until our po puiation becomes greater, will answer all of our purposes. In your city it is different. You have a dense population, and your merchants are busy: hence the “boys” we are sending you will save lots ef trouble. They have the machine; and if you want “ Mr. Snooks” elected, they have only to turn @ crank—a thousand votes are deposited, an] Snooks becomes a Judge. have been requested, by large number of our eading merchants here, to ask you to give a place «your columns to the constitation of the Vigilance Committee, and their address, or declaration of princi- ples. They desire it in order that our Fastern friends may eee that are actuated rposes— that fie no Negi rdegeerscg iad banael loon wo bata desire and a determination to make afit abiding place for them and their The organization, numbering, 1 am told, sowe ‘*aree or four thousand, A ag oF pe out of the mase pe wer laren haa and led by the same Commit ‘we, (read their names and see,) wh: y endorse the acts of the Committee of Vigilance. and pledge teewsetyes to aid them in carrying ont the purposes of their organization as set forth in their declara- en eae They at the same time hold them- setves aloof as a distinct committee, to be ready to ‘set a8 a conservative power in case the Committee of ¥ ce should go beyond the objects which of them together, and as set forth in their ad- dress above referred to. In fine, this new organize- tion, whilet it gives moral support to the Committee of Vigilance, with a pledge of physical aid when weeded w carry out theiredicts, they at the same time tend to act as a balance wheel, or conservative power, ready to step in in case the Committee of Vigriance. in their overzeal, should go too far. This, bowever, Bo one hends. The commitwe of nineteen who bead conservative auxiltary force, are:— Presia¢cieHon. Ba Vice Presidente—! These gentlemen are without an exception the po- re@t and noblest men of our land. | enciose you the preamble and resolutions prepared and offered by these to, and odopted by the mass meet- img on Saturday. I hope tha: you will pnblish them, ae weil aa the constitution and address of the Cou- t We are the more anxious ¢ you should do so as it will tend to satisfy our fr! on the Atlantic coast that we are nov revolutionizing be government, but only the thieves. We are not against the law, only against the habitual violators ot i We want law, not the shadow. We are in parsuit of the substance—the form hadow has posed selene h—and we intend to have |t. The force the Vigilance Commitee numbers exactiy 6,000 ; they can have more, bat feel tuat their forces are strong enough against the (;overnor’s army of 477, all told. incinding (Generals, Colonel- Majors and Captains. For several days tuere were due summons war, pestilence and famine, and we really thought, at one time (they ied #0 industriously,) that we should have « collision; bat when they came to muster in their forces it wae found that in San Francisco and Sa- eramento combined they numbered 319 men wo a unit. So even the rumors of war have died out in the ast few days, although the papers will continue wo -— je through their columns a little saltpetre and are but they most furniah their readers with reading matter, aud they canno* be writing editoria.« all the time. The city of San Francisco certainly was never more order! y, and business never went om more reguiarly than within the last day or two. The a’- sence of vo ih gown rufians cannot seriously affect (injariously) our prosperity. Ned wher jowan and Powe Wightman are con demned to be bang when caught; and we expec: % get hold of many more, some of whom have as pired to very ap Between the sailing of cbie steamer the next. we expect to send yo. = forty or fifty more in addition to the In two weeks from this time, the Vigilance Com- mittee will publish all the testimony they will have taken up % that time, and the developements will startle you when you readit. Four clerks have been constantly employed a! the Committee rooms taking down testimony. It will be shown gk ny \uded California, that while J. Bigler pied gubernatorial chair, Major P. B. Redding was the Governor elect by a large majority, and tha: the returns were broken open at the seat of govern- ment and altered to elect him, Bigler. I tell yo in advance of the seal of secresy being removed the oath, for the leche eg it reaches your hands these yo ve appeared \ pers in California; and now at °) Saw Frawcraco, July 5, 1856. puseperdence Day in Son Franciaco—Indifference Manifested 0 the Celebration— Excitement Caused by the Arrest of Judge Terry—Hie Friends flocking into the City from ail Quarters— Hopkins Pronounced out of Danger—Critical Position of the Vigitance Committee in regard to Terry + Trial— Defenceless Condition of the State Authorities at the Outbreak of the Revolution — Demand of Commander Boutwell, of the Jorn Adams, for the Release of Terry—Singular Con- duct of the Naval Agent at Benicia— Origin of the Terry Affrey— Melancholy Condition of San Francisco. Yesterday, the anniversary of our national inde- vendence, was observed toa very moderate extent in “an Francisco. There wasan entire absence of that \atward display of enthusiagm common on such o°- casions, nor were there preparations made to give it ‘that eolat with which patriotic citizens delight to honor the occasion. The day was beantifal, the sky clear and serene, but gioom and donbt reigned su- preme. From the anfortanate condition of affairs ere, it paased over as the most remarkable Fourth of Jaly that has arrived since California became an in- tegrad part of the United States. No oration was delivered, and the only event that characterized it from an ordinary resting day was the reception by the Fire Department of an engine company from the imterior, which opportunely arrived the evening he- fore. We have vecome so familiarise’ with military displays of \ate that the presence of three militia companies in the streeta, who disband! — declining to respond to the call of the executive— wns looked on ab m0 recognition of the anniversary. ven the atupping were far from being dressed in the number of Gage nenally tieplayed. The manmer and ex‘ent of the enebracion wes publisbed in the morning pa peraof yexterday for the information of readers in ae Adapt; Stave. Ip Sacramento s OmeEG.*ee | of day. Jndge Terry, of the Supreme Coert, bas been ar rested by the Vigilance Committee since the depar ture of the last mail. He remains still in prison. This proceeding has created a deep sensation, ex tending through the whole State His offence, and ene Teported againss agy observance of the | the circumstances connected with it, are referred to further on. Up to that act the individuals pucished were of little note, and for the most part men of in- different character. Terry was elected by the peo- ple at large, and subsequent action shows his con- stituents are determined if he is to be tried by his enemies, who at the same time are to be judges and witnesses, they will not be his executioners, His numerous friends have flocked to che city from every quarter, resolved to await the resujt. Fully six hundred have congregated, and they are untiring in their efforts to have justice awarded him I: is understood he is undergoing trial, and as all outside access is denied, even to the exclusion of Mrs. Terry, it is impossible to know what progress is made. Hopkins, represented to be in a dying condition up to afew: days since, ie now pronounced out of danger, which promises an early decision as to the Judge's sentence. It is urged against him that he had-no business in San Francisco; that hia presence here was to promote a conflict, and his readiness in using a knife was unworthy @ judicial officer; and, therefore, one wno could so far forget himself is de- serving of no consideration on account of his high station. His friends allege, what the facts bear out, that he avoided & conflict, and way retreating from the place where Hopkins attempted to arzest Molony, that he might be free from further interruption, and tit was while thos retreating he was assailed and driven to the desperate necessity of wounding his antagonist. In disposing of Terry the Commitice tread npon dangerous ground. They cam be considered in no other hight thar as a political party, and what was fatal to a more formidable one, threa’ene their de- struction. Se:tional feeling enters deeply into the views of those opposed to depriving the Judge o! what is secured to all—an open and impartial trial. What is spoken of openiy in the streets may be published to the world. Terry is a Sonth- erner, and his captors are, without an excep- tion, perhaps, trom the North. Notwithstanding the unfair attempts to prejudice his cave, the strong desire for vengeance in the ranks of the revo- lutionists, the hesitation displayed by the Executive Committee, is proof they realize to some extent the responsibility they would assume in harming Terry in any respect. Nothing is so painful as to note the degeneracy of the press. One paper demanded the hanging of Howard and the leaders of the law and order forces. The editors of a number of journals favorable to the uprising of the people, held a con- vention a few days after Terry's arrest to consider the critical condition of the city. Foreseeing the danger, they agreed to counsel moderation and en- deavor to allay exciement. Their efforts had some effect, though strennously resisted by the other sheets who insisted that Terry had no claims to merey,and he should be made an example of. | fearlessly assert a terrible retribution would follow any violence done Terry, and the trouble we have gone through would be trifles to those certain to arise if 40 great a wrong was done. Even if Hopkins were to die, no jury in Christen iom would find any other verdict than justifiable homicide in a smilar case. It is true teday the committee are all-power- ful, but a step in a wrong direction would give them their quietus. In this Hes Terry's safety. » The prospect of an early settlement of onr diffi- culties appears farther of than ever. le who were wavering before, now join the successful party as the safest. Since the seizure of the State arms perbape over a thousand bas been added to the Com- mittee’s rolls, Deeply implizated in the illegal measures tha” have prostrated the State, their aathore are compelled to go on. Indignation was kept alive by the promised ballot box stafting disclosures, but they bave never been published. A false bottomed hex was found in some old tenemen*. bint there i no PPOOL Ke Was awor naod at aby St or county ele: tion. The recital of horrid crimes and shemeful ex- cesses charged inst officials can only find their compiement in atrorities committe] by the blacks of St. Domingo. No confirmation @ = nies these allegations. However, they are readil: believed im the present state of the public miad, though revracted by their disseminators next day. As a matter of safety, the Committee will make every effort to displace the present officeholders, bat without the use of force it will be ‘mpossible for bem to sueceed. It is reported ten of their magnates proceed to the East to-day, for what purpose we are left to surmise. All their affairs are enveloped in the jrofoundest secresy, and every act of their agente is performed revolver in band. Basiness matters here are in a very bad way, and the total stagnation of trade must finally end disascrously to our credit. As 4il intention of resisting the Committee by the State for the present nven up, @ glance at ita resources to meet the rebellion ts ovtbreak may be instructive. There was nottwo rounds of cartridges for each company on the 15th May, and were not a pressing request made on the officer in command at the Presidio, who trnished a supply the men would be without amunition. Whan the nevessities of the occasion required th» calling into service of a requisite force, it was discovered no arms were in the possession of the State. Without them it would be futile to proceed. Governo John- fon songht an interview with Gen. Wo! at Benicia, and after resenting to him the need of arma to equip ti militia, and discussing fully the condition of affairs and the responsibility t be assumed, General Wool gave him the asso- Tance that whatever number he required vere at his service. Jobason, satisfied with the promise, issued his proclamation, which be never would have dome without it. A deputation of the Vigilance Commit- tee at once burried to Wool w prevent bim issuing he arms, and their arguments seem to hive had the ject of changing the General's mind. This tri- umpb added influence and power to the Committee; when they imagined themselves on the brink of destrnction—for then they would not hazard a fight —they came out stronger and entirely free from fa- tare molestation. Even earlier, the outvreak might been checked in the bud, and its lasting odium avoided. Mayor Van Ness, perseiving the —. tions going on two days atter King was re the Collector of the Port to piace Casey on board one of the revenue cutters in the harbor. Had thie teen done, no excuse for the people to organize and take him from the jail would have existed, and the attempt to enroll men would have jailed for want of a detinite object. Con- sen: was promptly given, but again it was not re- med. The demand. at the instance of the Col- lector, was put in writi and in writing from a deputy came a refosal, all in a few hours. Ye have in our bay and at Benicia, three sloops of war, the John Adams, Decatur and Warren. The eS en ea i Fol i : 3 i i . i z g officers, and a kee nomber of our most re- — had the effect of postponin, R é It is s = i & - é i | wing their attention absorbed in the issues out of the Presidential campaign, the dis- ition of Kansas aud the complicated foreign relations, wil! not become fally character of the outbreak that has o0- ‘this State. If they have lulied themselves security, trusting that the mie who form the lance Committee, retarn to their allegiance, it ie time should be understand. There is no disgni e it we are ina il & 3 = UG itt fe i iu Ha He aif 5 i mT; HT ze sey iz a 5 3 33 35 =? i 3 #2 Ey f; : € NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, JULY 29, 1856. all officiala, Nothing wae lef: to the Governor but toapply to Congress for assistance to quell the in- surrection, and n> Joubt some action has betore now been taken on it. They cannot stop to listen to the representations of the Committe, who will use means to blindfold Congress and the peopie. It will be for then to decide which is the iegal gov- ernment, and act according to the requirements of the constitution. Every day turnishes fresh proof of the absence of all necessity for the humiliating condition we are reduced to. In New York charges of dishonesty at the ballot box have been made as often as elections take place; but the doctriae of subverting all authority would not be countenanced for @ moment in your city. The ratparts that the council chambers, prison and garrison of the Comuitree, still rear their thr ‘ing fronts. hinge for the present is . Time, the mother of stirring events, has presented us with sufficient to satialy the most craving appetite for excitement. Scarce bad the steamer, that left here on the 20th, lost sight of our shores, than the crowning act of dis- locale wes consummated. The mask is thrown off, ond laws of the State and its authority have ceased to exist. Rebellion has at last attained its utmost limit, leaving us entirely and upresistingly in the power of the Committee of Vigilanc.. What ever shadow of authority is recognized in the minis- might have remained in the breasts of the insurrec- tionists for the forms of justice, have been cast aside, E tnd the armed bands of our new rulers are the un- <isputed masters of the city, even of the entire State. The 2let of June, bg aie memveanie, Ct occurrences not soon fo1 5 was overshadowed by the magnitude of deeds faite Spee day. details of its inci- nts will be furnished by press, but, lamentable to say, 80 distorted by ice and the all- influence of our rulers, that the people of East- ern States will have no accurate idea of what has bas een arrested and carried into captivity for an act that, in any civilized country, would consi- dered justifiable; that the arme of the State were forcibl gees eget of, and at least one han- pase espe itia taken prisoners and held in con- emen’ Information was received by the Vigilance Com- mistee that a shipment of m Was in transit to San Francisco for the use of the State forces, A smal] veseel, in charge of two or three members of a militia company, had them on board. It was de- termined to +eize these. A schooner was despatch- ed, fully manned, with instructions to bring them to the headquarters in this city. Success attended the expedition, and the arms were deposited in the de- sired place. It then occurred to the in+:igators, per- haps for the first time, that this act was an act of racy and an offence against the laws of the United States. Accordingly they sought to remove the witnesses, and we et the end of the day, J.B. Malony, John Phillips and James McNab, the crew of the government vessel, incar- cerated in the cells of their fortress. The attem to arrest Malony occurred at the time he was the office of Dr. Ashe, United States Navy Agent, in company with Judge Terry, of the Supreme Court, and a few other Caer gee Naturally indignant that this outrage should be perpetrated in his Fae sence, Hopkins, with six or seven of the police of the Committee were ordered out of the office, without being permitved to take Malony with them. Now it bappened that this man Hopkins was particularly obnoxious to the party favoring the cunstituted au- thorities. He had, by solicitation, obtained the ra- ther doubtfn! honor of acting the of executioner to Casey, it ia said, te gratify a entertained for that unfortunate man. All accounts that agree on the second attempt to arrest Malony, when he, Terry and their friends were on their way to the armory of Ashe’s company, Hopkins, with a large reinforcement he had assembled, was the aggressor: used force to deprive the Judge of his gun, and when informed ot the high position held by him, it only increased bis zeal to make him a prisoner. Io the melée that followed, pistol was discharged at Terry, and when at last driven to the wall by overpowering numbers he inflicted the wound on Hopkins’ neck. The latter at once retreated, and the Judge, with his ; y, proceeded to the armory of the San Fran:isco jues. Anything to equal the excitement that ensced would be impossible to realise. The wildest scenes ot eed delirium could only equal the spectacle. Intelligence of the affray spread through the = fl of the Vigilante toiled “ presaging wrath” to Terry and his friends. In ten minutes the occurrence five denis men surrounded the 3 qhere they con, ee A ex one hun Grete heee ee scn alte nati, ata run, anti! about two thousand, horse and foot, were on the round. Inotived that the banking honse of Paimer, & Co. was made the principal point to rally at, and also that a bold attempt was made by the mob, a few minutes after the occurrence, to rush into the office, but they were driven back. What followed ot ed that the Vigilance Committee had determined fore to seize ali the arms of the law and order forces, on the first opportanity that presented itself. A}! appeared pre-arranged, as the marching direct to the various drill rooms ed. It would have neen imprudent to resist at that time. The few men who baurriedly gathered after the excitement commences. could do nothing against such an overwhelmin, array. Perhaps the wisest course was that adop'ed by Gen. Howard. A contrary one would have re- sulted in bloodshed, that certainly would not be con- fined to the locality invested. Terry maintained his coolness to the end. When he arrived at the armory his first care was to have the muskets loaded,a daty he performed himself. Seeing the hopelessness of hol out, a treaty was entered into, by which all the State arms were given up and the garrison taken prisoners. Thus was a death blow de. Jt to the cause of order. Of all the military mustered into the service of the commonwea!th thee only remains the National Lancers, a body who have been from the first the “head and front” of their — I was not thought prudent to attack them, so they re tain 'beir weapons and reputation still. Far from exhibiting any signa of an early dissola tion, the Committee are busy recruiting and fortify. ing. A fortnight ago two buildings sufficient, now the entire block, nine stores, are occupied either in whole or in By means of cutting doors through the ‘ition walle, commanivation from end to end is maintained. With the increase of front they have deemed it necessary to add to their sand bag defences. About twenty-ive feet was added a week since to the length , aud two more guns mounted. The men who act as sen:inels wear the belts and accoutrements taken from the Ste‘ militia, and_as all their muskets were flint lock they vaine highly the arms—about 450 etand, not 2,000, as repo on the 2ietJune. The lat- ter are of the most improved model, inc —— f large number of rifles. Excepting what are in the rsenals, they have all the muni ed the tour large gupe mounted at the Marine Hospital t» Benicia—not certainly to prevent their falling int) Occasionally a glimpse of the interior regu'asions of the Committee's forces finds light. At their last great display it was perceived each warrior had a z g 2 = 2 wil z= $2F have all affection for their old Saeeveioe bare Saas wi ve rm! © remaly their lifetime. anys ‘The leaders of thie movement have awakened a epirit they cannot control. A morbid apoetite for excitement, blood and fresh indignities to the « - ere that be,” is prevalent, a in every instance the mob seize authority they become impatient when kept withip reasonable bounds. The eerveble, particularty during the Jast few weeks, in the thirst to have Terry executed im apy event. Though the Executive Committee have not yes done any acteha. can be *onsidered vindictive, still they will be obliged to exercise all their discretion to resist the preseare from the reckless and impulsive of their own body. They do not 8 the moral influence that would enable ‘hea to jay down their powers and have the rank and file imitate their example. Men educated in the turbulent society of continental Europe, are flattered by seeing themselves onve suc cessful, and can enjoy the disorganization and chaos they are instrumental in creating. It is their pas- sion, and if the Executive Committes were % resign immediately, satisfied with what is done, another body, lesa moderate, would be elected to fill their places. Here we have an illustration of what has often been repeated—that when once an unlaw/u course is commenced, the perpetration of fresh wrongs ia certain to follow. : It woud be impossible to conceive a city more aphappily situated than San Francisco. Since the fatal step of annalling the jaws was taken, we have descended rapidly into a condition uf society nearly recemb}ing a pandemonium. The last f ight has been prolific of horrors. Shooting, suicides, haug- ing, and the daily recital of “ deeds to make Heaven weep ” have taken the piace of the comparitive quiet existing before. Distrust and vr reigns para- mount. To the tame denizens of New York it will be hard > poesmeebiead S6 a reat of wings in community com of American citizens, bu! posple ident nore a few years change very much indeed. Counterbalancing this ture we have, after two months, the ing of two men, one of whom committed the act he died for twelve hours be- fore the organization of the committee, and the banishment of about a dozen wretched, indigent and without friends, that a demonstration of moral force, at any moment, would have blotted out all their power of doing harm. If the work of purification is to proceed at this rate, it will take years to have it concluded. Other causes, political and selfish, lie behind, which are no sesreta here, and are known far and near dy al! possessed of the elightes glimmering of sagacity. Our Washington Territory Correspondence. Sreriacoom, W. T., Jane 15, 1854. Sketch of the Indian Wars of Oregon and Wash- ington Territories— The Charge of a Matured Indian Organization Refuted—Distinct Causes which Led to the Indian Outbreaks in both Terr:- tories—The Campaign by the Regular Troops— The War on the Sound—The Difficulties on Rogue River—Newspeper Exaggerations—Gene- ral Wool and General Stevens's Proceedings &e , &e. A short account of the origin and progress of the Indian wars of Washington and Oregon Territories may be of interest to your readers, particularly av they are likely to make a heavy draw upon the sub- treasury, and the people should undoubtedly know why and to what purpose their money is expended Ae much feeling and dissention has existed through. out the country since the commencement of the In- dian difficulties, the most perverted and exaggerate views have found their way to your side of the cop tinent through the newspaper organs of the differen’ parties, and through letters from interested indivi duals. A disinterested participator im the difficu- ties, whose duty it has been to obey and fight. without caring who was right snd who wa: wrong, and whether the cause was just or up- just, I am perhaps able to give as disinter- ested a view of the difficulties as you will be able to get from any source, regretting that I am not fami liar with all the details, though my judgment in the main I feel assured is correct. From the fact that difficulties commenced simu)- taneously in Southern Oregon and Northern Wash- ingten, it has been maintained that they were con sequences of a matured organization of all the In- dian tribes throughout the two Territories, and thi has even been asserted in Congress, From the knowledge of the Indian character that I possess, ) know such a combination to be as impossible as it is absurd, and the most that can be said is that of sin- gular coincidence. The coincidence ceases to be remarkable, however, when all the facts are known There are in reality two wars existing, that in Southern Oregon having its immediate origin in d - rect aggressions of the whites of the most forbi¢, @ing character, and that in Washington having its mmediate origin in direct aggressions of the Yokamah Indians, committed on miners travelling through their country to Fort Colville. The war on Puget Sound has its origin in the Yokamah country and is an offspring of that difficulty, But other in- fiuences operated to bring these calamities on the people. The expenses of the Rogue River war in 1853 were paid in the early part of last year: the depressing effect of the war had passed away, and the influx of this money into the country prepared the public mind to consider another war rather asa blessing than a calamity. Hence no difficulties could be settled with Indians without a war. This was particularly the case in Southern Oregon, where most of the money was disbursed. Possessine a mining population and comparatively free sett).re, a large proportion, renegades who hover on the line of Calitornia and Oregon, fleeing from justice alter- nately from one si Je to the other, personal difficulty was frequent between individuals, in by far the g.vat- est number of cases having their origin in the mal- treatment of the Indian's wife or dsughter, which has ever been the case in this country where white females are rare. These difficnities frequently brought on the death of one party or the other. Ii’ the red man fell justice never overtook the offender, who was, perhaps, the original aggressor, unies« the red man’s friends took the case into their own hands. But, unfortunately, the Indian is satiatied with blood, whether innocent or guilty, and some innocent and anoffending person frequently paid the penalty. Whenever a white man fell, whether righ’ or wrong, there was always a great hue and cry for vengeance, and deemed a just cause of war. The Oregon papers of the spring and summer of 1855 teemed with inflammatory letters and communica- tions, and even editorials, urging the people to rise and exterminate the Indians. Many of these com munications were written by individuals who are known to have reaped largely from the war of ‘93. These occurrences were so numerous and repeated daring the summer of 1865, that Major Lupton had sufficient confidence to suppose that his acts would be received with favor, and organized a party secretly to attack a body of Indians belonging to old Jake's band, who had gone up to Bute creek, on Rogue river, for provi- sions. As it happened, the men of the party had re- tarned to the reservation, near Fort Lane, in obedi- ence to orders, and Lupton found only the old men, ‘women and children in the camp on the morning of the @th of October. Twenty-seven were killed, among all of which there were but three young men —the remainder were old men, women and children. and commenced those acta of barbarity that are so there, and claimed the protection of the whites, About sixty left, and, joined by about 25 more from Lower Rogue river, arrayed themselves against the whites. The willingness of the whites to go to war of tribes to and the want of meane © him to postpone from time to time. The vahen tonton concluded Jast commer by (tov. Btevene, made in euch haste, and di¢teed wa manner that would accept of 90 te fura), created diseffection among ihe | prepared them to joio Kamiakin, Th: very of the Golville mines favored matters, au: Kamia- kin opportunities of cutting off’ swail parties of miners travelling through his country. When Haller wept up with his small command io look after the interests of the winers. Kamiakin me? him witb all his force,and drove him back. This affair, exag- gerated into a great victory by the Indians, swelled their ranks from adjoining tribes. lhe Cayuse and Rogue river war warrants had prepared the people to hail with deluded pleasure a war tha’ was likely to Jine the pockets of ali parties from uhe public trea- odians, and eurys ‘ithout considering the propriety of carrying op an aggressive war into another Ter-itory, the Governor of Oregon called out a sarge force of vo- Jontéers, on the requisition of Major Reins, U.S. A., whose authority to make euch @ requisition may wel! be questioned. The idea docs not seem to have been considered whether the Governor bad authority to comply with such @ requisition, and the (Governor himself does not seem to have reflected upon what would be the proper courre {0 pursue; components a large volunteer force was called out, mor ed ond equipped on the credit of the gene- ra) government. Horses were furnished at the most extravagant prices; that is, they were turned over by the people to the Governor, who had them oppraized oodally at three times their valae, in order ed for the delay that would necessarily follow re the scrip would be taken up by the general government. Generally each volunteer furnished his + wn Dorse, for which he expected to get four doliars per day, and the value of the horse, according to his appraisment, in case he should be hurt or die in ser- \ Provisions were supplied at the same extra- vagant price. Major Reins, thus, in November last marchea into the Yakamah country with all the regular troops he could command, and about three hundred volunteers under Col. Nesmith. Major Reins was mepeiee with the commission of Briga- dier.General by the acting Governor of bers Territory, in order that he might rank Col. Nes mith, who was willing to co-operate, but no: to be commanded. Nesmith was in turn supplied with a commission of General by the Governor of Oregon, in order that he might no: be ranked by Reins. With theee diseensions among the troops the cam- aign was made into the heart of the enemy’s coun- a As was afterwards ascertained the Indians were red to meet them on the road that wouid natu- ly have been taken by the troops; but their com- mander chose to take them bya tong and circuitous road, in order to surprise them. Meeting no Indians to oppose their course, the troops returned without accomplishing anything except to burn a few caches of provisions, and completely demolishing the Catholic Mission at the Asturios, padre of which had, by his influence held Kamiakin in check thus lon; by keeping the commander of Fort Dalles info: ot his designs. This unjustitiable act was not com- mitted designed, but it was a consequence of bringing undisciplined troops into the neighborhood, individualsof which were capable of attributing to the padre many, things that he could not bly prevent, and which he may have labored to counter- act. Not meeting the enemy, it was assumed that they must have gone to Wala Walla. The troops returned to Fort Dalles. Here was then a large A a force in the field and no enemy to contend It was absolutely neceasary to send these troops somewhere, but no depredation bad been committed in any other quarter except the Yakamah country. Yet the belief that in had gone to Ws Walla, and the bypothesis that many warriors from the tribes on the south side of the Columbia were engaged with Kamiakin the whites. determined the Governor to his forces to Walla Walla. By this time Nesmith had become diegusted with the want of discipline a1 hia men, and , and Col. Kelly was pl in charge of the expedition. Arri at Walla Walla they were met by Peu-pew-mox-mox with demonstra- tions of friendship, and, as a guarantee of his sin- cerity en himeelf under the charge of the volun- teers. But, perhaps, by a mutual want of confidence on both sides, they became embroiled, no one knows why or how. Peu-pew-mox-mox, whilsta prisoner, was killed, with several others who had surrendered themselves at the same time, and an extensive skirmish commenced, which lasted for four days. A number ot whites were killed and wounded, and of the “oallgfpegendlrggh orah geoe of the Te: ry a8 @ great Vv . The thus found themeeives on the verge of a war with all the tribes south of the Columbia, oat of difficulties that occurred in the Yakama country. This expedition was protested against by the Superintendent of Indian Affairs and by val Wool, as pon’ | to involve us in a war with all the tribes sout of the Columbia. But it was maintained that such would be the case nevertheless, and that the: already been concerned with Kamiaki: bis a With the exception of a few traders on the Columbia, there were no interests to protect in that qcarter, and if they were concerned their a ment could be postponed indefinitely to suit the convenience of the authority to do #0. An- other excuse was to protect the return of Governor Stevens from the Blackfeet country. It was thought that no such protection was necessary by those who knew best, but even the necessity of protecting him did not require a war against tribee who had com- mitted no depredations as a tribe, and who pre- “ended frien: About the time of the retern of Maj. Reins, Gen. Wool arrived in the acter po Ani of the means on hand determined General to give up a winter campaign, and he was infiuenced as much by the inclemency of the season as any thing else, for in pte tn ak Columbia ee was c’ wi per country for many weeks, and the vulunteers nad all ‘bey pou do to sustain themselves on beef alone, withoot to effect anything. the gt battle that was to decide everything did not take place— Volunteers returned through the Yakama country without bee | them any harm. They still had se- veral bi horses left that had not been starved or frozen to death during the winter, or been ran away with by the Indians. These they permitted the Indians to run off with when within a few miles of the Dalles, otherwise they would have to take them, broken down as they were, and would not be entitled to the apprai . They were then ready to be discharged, which was done. There was much delay with the commence the spring 5 reason for which is not fally blame, however, rained down by the people of Oregon and Washing- ton, falls heavy by Gen. Wool. Another delay was caused just as the ext ion started; they were going to Walla Weila, too, — nobody can #e why. The line of communic was Tet unpro- tected at the Cascades, and the day that the Be troops set ont from the Dalles for Walla Walla the Indiane made @ descent on the Cascades, which en- tirely changed its direction. The Indians were driven back with,jows, bat the whites suffered also before reinforcements could arrive. The Clikatals thns proved themselves the most formidable on 4 and Col. Wright changed his course from Walla Walla to the Yakama country {where he now is, and the public mind is waiting to hear what he will do. A feud has arisen between General Wool and the Governor during this time. The Governor has gone to work without consulting the General, and carried an aggressive warfare into an adjoining Terri- mAs 2 he 4 cae ane nes ont lely were any people ex diane concerned. It suited the Lad , », for we have seen how anxious they were to go into it. How soon is a military chieftain hauled over the coals if meddles in civil matters’ ‘(ieneral Wool may, troops to ; : : ait g [tt Fg 23 ft i : 23 d to the a or General Wool. — men ce yn, was, , better te ho direct ft than G Carry. Rie called out a large force of volunteers, but before they could all roped Toy to ag — the ayo 1 jonel Casey, ‘ebruary the that were ready into the eld, numbering sent devin realty, by moving In separate columns W id so q e colnmna oe fifterept lives. OP tbe let of March the indians gave battle toa portion of the regular troops, and were repulsed, with comparatively sual! loss on both sides. Om the 10th they tried the yoluateere, with a similar result. Feeling that they were to be driven, and perhaps being limited in their sapply of pow: der and ball, though aided by abou’ fifty Klikatals who came over while the volunteers were at Walla Waila, the leaders took advantage of a taverable op- portunity and croseed the mountains into the Yakama. country, and the rest scattered im small parties and hid themselves in the swamps and thickets, whither they were pursued by volunteers and regulars with much success, and many were killed or taken pri- soners, and the others came into the reservations and surrendered themselves; and now for two mouths scarcely a hi stile Indian bas been seen or heard of. Their country is occupied by the troops, and the In- dians themselves are collected on reservations under the guidance of Indian agents. The Governor, hay- ing nothing to do for his volunteers, bas sent them over the mountains into the Yakama country, where they will either aid or interfere with Col. Wright's doings. We are awaiting the result. The difficulties on Rogue river, in Southern Ore- gon, I am not so famiiiar with of late. The bad ma- agement in the eariy part of the war ast fall pro- duced a desperate state of things. Although there were from five hundred to @ thousand troops in the field, the Indiaas met with constant success, and timally they received an increase of about two ‘hundred warriors from lower Rogue river and the coast. These weve induced to break out in consequence of the success of the emall band above, and in consequence of a most uncalled for stampede among the whites on the coast and about the wouth of the river. Think- ing the whites would be easily conquered, they fell —e them suddenly, and the first blow was heavy. nty-five or thirty persons were killed. This struck terror into the hearts of the people, and has set them to work toa proper defence. The regular w were reinforced, and also the volunteers. The Indians cannot exceed three h warriors. The re} rs must muster about three hundred, and the volunteers not leas than a he enemy psn! ff the heart of the coast range, an almost inac- cessible country, and the troops are compelled to divide up into small parties to force them to battle. The whites, perhaps, have learned to fight better, aad the necessity of their doing their duty begina to be felt; for though in the beginning a war was thought to be a Mtg gocd thing for those who lived to be pail off, it began ta be a question who would live. The Indians of that region are the most desperate on this coast. The troops have been more successful of late im that vicinity; perhaps Indian ammunition ‘s failing. It cannot last much longer, and we may hope to settle all the difficulties this coming summer, One great obstacle to making peace is the constant occurrence of white men tak: pe:sonal vel nce of other- wise peaceably disposed Indians. @ most revolt- ing acta, more savage than the savage himself, have been perpetrated, thus jeovardizing the sives of in- Docent persons and giving the officers in authority incessant trouble. The yrinynel accounts of the pamber of Indians, of the battles, &c.,are ina2b Supe. The number of Indians in the Yakama country are between five hundred and seven bundred warriors; nor do I think that this force has been much increased by acces- sions from adjoining tribes. The number of hostile Indians at no tune exceeded two hundred om the Sound, though much apprehension was felt that the Indians on the reservations would mse and aid them, in which case they would have been increased by between seven hundred and a thousand more. The Indians are not capable of an extended organiza- tion; though witk a cause against their commor enem; might all become parties at one time, they are not capable of any extensive or effective co-op: ration. report has been set forth in the pa that the town of Seattle was attacked b} from about seven to nive hundred Indians, and that tration of he propensity to exaggerate. he whole tration of the nity to exaggerate. wi number of hoelile Indians in the country at that time could not have exceeded two hundred, and it is known that not near all those were nt, and not a single dead Indian was found on the field after the fight. Such was the brilliant victory of the navy over the Indians! The several vessels of the navy, however, have rendered important service thar resence in these wa'ers, by preventing the mediately on the Sound joining the hoetiles. The expenses of these wars have run cp to many millions, and much of the eration, the oppo- sition to General Wool, dc., has in view to serve the perment of these expenses. Qnce paid,all par- ties will be content. Their payment, however, with- out scrupulons investigation, would soon betray the people into another war, and it is to be hoped that the accounts will meet with proper investigation. A great source of misfortune to the people has been a propensity to stampede. The mos: unforta- nate panics have pre' in different sections during the war with the most disastrous results. Even now, with everything in oar own hands, there are many who maintain that we are in the most im- minent danger. Good ent and proper feeling will soon close the troubles, and if the autho- rities do their duty we need never bave these bloody cenes again. Many other ons of a local nature have arise during our difficulties that have much feeling and trouble. None more so than the reealt: of Gen. Stevens’ declaration of martial law overa pers of this Territory. However well meant, he made a great mistake, and it will do him mach — He will, pore a udagae Cp some aur pas, next te to Congress from his Territory, for the reason that he bee: un- derstands the nature of the ex incurred daring the war. Unless they are the Territory will be depreseed for many years, and the peopie must send some one with his energy and his knowledge to Coa- gress to secure their payment. Destructive Fire tn Ctnctnnatt. FIVE BUILDINGS DESTROYED——PIVE PARTIALLY DE- — YED—TWENTY FVE FAMILIES TURNED OUT OF ORS. About 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, a fire broke out ina Ly | belonging to Mr. Geo. Walker, om Sixth Street Hill, and spread so rapidly toot pve ee were not only destroyed before it be checked, and five more had their roofs burnt off, and. were more or lees damaged in other respects. The buildings were mostly frames, of smal) value, but occupied by a ya number of families—many of them Irish—and flames spread so rapidly that few of the occupants were able to save an; BUILDINGS TOTALLY DESTROYED. . A frame cottage on Sixth Street Hi!) belonging Wilmer, and ccoupled by Alex. Corbyn, sales- Ball's new saloon. He lost everything, in- a trunk containing $300 in money. « i. A two my Sg in which the fire originated) “f° ir. Wall This wes by five fami Very little furniture was saved. 3. A three story brick beans md wo Mr. Hackett, and occupied by him. The building $2,500, and is insured. Mr. Hackett aiso lost almost = ee me cottage belonging t>, and occupied b; a colored man by the name of smitb. 5 5. Aone story frame occupied by a Mr. Beach, a German. 1, A frame cottage adjoining the last, bel . ast, velongin; to Mrs. Foster, was Xe 3 damaged. ee unoccupied. Pa ON RIGHTH STREET. 2. No. 38, a three frame, owned by Mr. * oc Wile en pti ye burned off.