The New York Herald Newspaper, July 21, 1856, Page 3

ks Or a cartload of stone upon their backs 8 women with covered fxces, who do weil rug 'iuess Jom the gage of tan; men dirty, obscene: children whose sore eyes aud uD ‘od tartered rags send a chill through the » Women and children beggiag for buck- whose leah, lank form is enough to breed a reg of enormous size crawung through the 13 ixly tombs; fleas fastening upon you at every y,i:18 sufficient to make the heart sick to ty Land, the wreck of what it was; and those olvisited it will best retain their respect for ¢& home, for distance tends eachantment to You can but be disgusted at the foul desecra tats aan on the threshold of the Bepuichre. ak places, where ghosty vampires veer wae the required material for trage! ; aud if manz other tourists would be ao id acknowledge that tho pilgrimage to the isonly in the name—the ideal was more im areal, The bieakueck ride to the quiet Lite wulchom makes one better natured, by view: Jevalley close by, where olives, aud figs, and ‘reh with the early crop,relieve the eyes from tat encircles them; tue fair features of the Jeliehem, and tovir erect focm as they waik olue gowns, mane them most attractive; but nttheir houseboids the iilth and Wretchedaes vee takes away all tue poetry of a handsom olfe igure. The chu aud the cathedral vothy of comment, were it aot for the fly priests, who tase you throng so many spot e wen Made sacred by Christ aad the Apos ing out of the manger ia whieh oar Savion pupletes the disgust waich tinsel aud bam bamisery bave ¢ eated tue very Moment you your rounds at /orusalnmn, eo absurdity o » makes the wholo thing ridiculous, aud atte yaiure ready Ww admit the wide 'dulerene ha you haye read aud waat you wow ob tf Olives overlooks the dirty little stream o ibe dreary, glassy loot of tie Dead sea; ba th: Holy City wud’ the surrowadivg mouatains secent. Among the mapy “pols male avet al cference hone impre.sed me more than the wi the Garden of Getasemiue. Orieutat boo: about the walks, aud olive trees as old anon cedars still ornament the spot. Au old es iu one corner of the garden, wud be keeps n with Eastern plants. Brief enougo has been utl have no: the fancy tor a longer time, for avy places to see before I rewra., I did nob going down ia a diving bell in tie Red sea to px ef Sodom and Gomorrab, and the desert Damascus takes ton cays. A party of Enghsa heaied by aNew Yo. <er, bad just arrived m rom Cairo, having been eighteen days ia edgert. Sumo tourists flud amusement here , bu dave suit my taste better. ‘bho clery vists Palestine and spends a short time at mut likely wil! entireiy alter thy distion of e. Awerimon on tue Holy Land betore and sit would be most wolike. Wea, tull of tha easuor and splendid waagery of the iuspired inmt iu Syria, to mud uniy the ghost of your -—the skeleton*and crossbones, without a par- » tksh or blood, or veius vr muscles of ac- > remeibrance-—you almost wish you had Jerusalem; aud yet toe tour, once over, is ani adds one more liuk to traveller's ‘bh dwell long there we should haye ovvoks , Slould be an aatiquary, a botanist, a govio- vine for notirst for aurieut associations, no ain kcenves, uvlers you happen to posse-+ eu- ad piety abuve the Common hera, will keep & y Veeks in Jerussiem, ‘itepout amoag the Arabs was caused, a fow y be accidental discharge of a m ssionary’s ‘om oltheir number, {t was at Nabious, and ws, ike them all, importuaate tor ducksheesh, ug bold of the horse whica the yentieman minal reared, and the discharge of tue rille tothe beggar. As soon as tne accident be- the Arabs rose en masse, arrested the cler led wrelative of tho Prussian Cousul, broke ives of the English oad other Cousule, rebbedt Fything portable, stripping te ladies of tueir jortaments, and killing one or two of tae na . The emewe at one time bid fair to become Pésha at once despatchod a company at down the riot, and ise away the unturcumate who was placed iu the Governor's house, w fiom undergoing the sumanary pun -nment . News has now @rrived that the insurrec yut down, and all 1s quiet at Nabious. Auo- here has Very much annoyed te trieads of Some converts, it was suid, had been made atives. Receiving an education in tne mis- is, they professed their belief as Carisiians. robbery of a jeweller’s shop of consideranie he police a ebace to fina the roober, ani days ptt the least ace—tor the mis wcy's COn- @ove suspicion—and you cau anderstand tuted the’ mission's friends iust feet to find dir head @ teachers, who was most de refessions, bad turned out, pot only ty be the ut bas been fer a long time toe i Austriaa Lloyd's steamer tor Beyrout, we ® ride throngh to Joppa inaday; aad in ua large number of English gontiomen, iw retraced our steps along the rocky pata torrent formed from the meiting of the bys. Leaving Jerusalem, with its deat mo- agt Maynificence, we passed once more tie espitabie land about it, where nature, re- where Goi has accursed, wears the live- ib the darknes. of the night an everlasting the Mongol Tartars, the Syrian Arabs live ; jocks aud their berds, avd it is dudeult for ftavelier, ax he winds bis way along the crealize, ami! such terribie desolatioa, that Koriant country where the pusbandman ga- sthrice and his haryosts twice ia every: pin milk and wine, with oi! and with bons OM ALEXANDRIA TO CONSTANTINOPLE. Ox Boanp ‘tite Srkamsiir Messiva, Ruoves Harvor, Apri 21, 1896. t—Alesandria, Jaffa and Constantinople |. Journey and Hire of a Drayoman—How a lan Bully, Pray and Chee—Cirtlization of yards their Comywered—Caiffa, the Hill of went, and Elijah, and Napoleon—Acre and -A Run and Kidein the Country—A Ball Palace—Glimpse of a Lady of the Harem place. ten days our steamer had been ona in urough the Turkish end of the Levant. Alexandria to Constantinople is very cony rist who wishes to visit some of the most im- ‘Asiatic Turkey. For some time past there Unes of steamers between the above men- ying overy week, each line ia tern, From jaffa I paid $17 50 in the French voat, bo- Messageric Imperial, one of tho largest panies in Europe, and at Jatt | booked , after visitiug Jorusalom, to Constaatino- the Austrian Lioyd’s, paying bal’ price for engaged at Alexandria at $40 por month, anion paying his travelling expenses, Lk again. ii. is ® Maltese, and speaka English, Arabic and Turkish, and flis walle de place, interpreter, guard, in short, work, invaluable to a traveller in the we go he seers to have acquaintances guards and scoundrels of the place; gets jons for the most trifling of our purchases: hotel | cepers, knocks down the boatman, boys, patronizes the Catholic church, g down a Custom House officer, Portmauteau, because we don’t give ries a cudgel te enforce his orgumeua Wears a beard sowe ten inches long, je rage with tho steward when there is fee, and regards us more ia sorrow hen noticing our gross ignorance of and Oriental languages. Abraham js 3. Weknow he choats us, yet ur wants compensates for the fraud. should see nothing, and perhaps pry cover his commission, Tho dragoman xponsive juxury, a becessary evil, who peculiar to tho class, links bimse fin pers, shopmen, and the minor sharks weller's wake §=©We know ho cheats sure w give him a certificate of bia behaviour, when his duty has as others have done before us, iu a place tor our steamer seldom , let me meouon the towus oue sees Constantinop! —townos bigh sounding before the white man began the war ‘against the red Indian; and, like tho American hunting felds, their history unlike them, no marks of civilization joliow in the wake ot the conqueror; ‘h, the boy trainers and the harem be found, in Egypt, Syria, or Asia e of indolence and superrtition has atretorm. Wherever your Moslem like a destroying angel, durkening the and withering, as with a blight, the ent fer leaving Joppa, was at the small he margin of the sea, of little impor- ort, but interesting y situated at the nel. The old conveut—made noted by imnes, anc Ly Napoleon, who turned tbe vo an hospital for his sick during his is conspicuously situate, on the jn deserves bis sqyourn there « having il by the kindness of the mouks. een German pilgrims, poor in purse rtists, poets, Doveliste—came on board, Lyrovt, from whence the where sir Sydney Smith, wi''s hie lit. ee, to stimulate the Arabs, shut tio Napoieon just fifty-eight years ago—i her side of the point. it was a bold h sailor was too auch for Bonaparte, nfl suspense, nine savage assaulta, ue hog | the ranks of the army choosing defeat rather than mutiny, his discontented soldiers. As late again roared about its fortrusses, i not repair the damage of Napter 's K seetained Pronounce Ace ‘apoleon made the id Ws history 18 proguant with the events aad Setirey, and other Christian je Crusades, made walls ‘ith Saladin. = ‘ur first important point for two. ays, to took” oon # eulogizved by all who wisit We Syriaa pores, thor ia more ag- \, tivity on the quaye. Thore area fow English merchants ' and bankers bere, but the Greeks manage to secure the | cream of the trade, In payment for British ant Ea Topeab mar ufaccured articles, woul, Cotton sud wheat ary shipped ; and since the war, prices for grain have rui ie and exports keep along together, An American os Coen here for som: time baying wool for a Boston house; but with the duty in the States It must be up hill work to make itlucrauvée. With this exception, our ooumiry is not represented, save by 4 Consul trom New Aumpshire an obiiging gen leman, Whose capacity is equal Ww the dunes which be is called upon to perfonn. ‘Yne Hotel Believus is the must respectable public house Thaye found since leaving Alexandria—couvenieatly lo cated inside the town and Well conducted, The other ho- tel is in the suburbs, where our Conani resides. Lord acd Lady Port Arlington, our fellow pascungers trom Joppa, give that the preference, but I prefer the otaer. They are bound t Damascus, and they to Jerusaem. The lady, Who is willing to dadergo the fatiguing aad danger ous journey over the mountains of Palestine, Where the mous tain torrent forms the footpath, aud even the Sy run shepherd and bustundman carries’a musket, « catliss ana a pair of pistols for protection agaiast the’ bandit Be- douin, to get @ view of eucient ruins wud holy wmples, deserves more credit than she Wal have awarded by those who have b the difficuities to be eucoun- tered. Four of 1s, early in tne morning, started for tae vulage of the Druses, situated ou the summitof the moUntAin—a thre mouated ata collar voy our lunch, The scene from the great elevation was grand in the extreme. Back of 4s, oluer mountatas, overlooking the ciouds, their peaks Wally wita saow the entire year, looked down upon a rockbouud valley, oace fertile With the industry of man, Oaward to tue left wa the road to Lebanon, where the twelve old cedars have ouUived more tan (wo Metiusalehs; on the right a few orcbardy #ull sbow the occupation of tne juhabitants of the mouptains—orchards of Hg aad lemon and olive trees. Prout of us, step by step, mountain over monatain—s terrace of mammoth hills, some red with sandstove, green with tue forest pine, some more fertile thaa the rest, bearmg evidence of carctul cuitivation, whils others Were as desolavo ax rock aud swae could make them—were spread out Before us; aud at the base of ali, Bey rout, the city, the suburbs, the scattered habitations, the orange groves, the mulberry plantations, the patches of grup and the pasture Junds—lorming a panorama strikingly picturesque, and farther on, the waters of the Meaiter ranean losiug itsel!’ in the horizon. The Druses were fearful that we should see their wo- taen; but God forbid!—the appearance of the matron of the harem, with a couical wuicora shaped head dress, some three feet high, was enouga Wo discourage the most romande. How can’ these people make themsvives so hideous’ Op the other point of tho mountala we found the convent of the Marharnobs, another re hus BOOE. About # dozen of the boly iathers came out to saow us the ruins of the ancient tempie, Which Was worth seeing, but I ndnitely preferred the luxucious maguiticence of the wild mountain scenery. On our way back we were ue-iruus of trymg ap experimestal path another way, and we Were soon repentant of our wandering. When I look back to the descent, | cua but wuuder that Iam here to- day. I wag the only oae of our party, save the drago max, that did not dismount, and baving accomplished tac teat | am willing to back a horse any where in Syria. Our visit to Beyrout is well (aed, for we are here in season to witness an eventiul period ina Turkish city—a European ball—given by tue Pasha; the first ever knowo since the flood. What next? Perbaos an evening party vy the ‘mother of the maids!’’ O. course We were greet ed; Why now 1] would not have missed the entertarumeut for a Turkish dress. Some say the ball is piven tu order to commemorate the circuncising of the Pasha’s chil dren, Most likely id Ww cCeiebrale the news of peace aud the birth of a young Napvleon, for the canaoa from the fort have bee tlasbiug throvghout the day. Bail-past eight was in the cards, but we were in good me # how inter. The road w the Seragho was lighted by pine torches, iu aa iron basket on the end of a ten foot pole, similar to those seen at she stations when crossing the desert in the night. Che glare Was Gwsziiug, aud tue bumoers of Arabs and Turks Watching the etrauge scone gave & Widnes to the pissure not easily portrayed. Ar- HiVi0g at the paiace, rosembilug more & couutry hovel, a lurk received our hat and Oat io Europeuo style, giving us, however, ap Arabic namoer. The Turkish aid-de- camp ushered us into the presence of his Hiyghness with buropean courtesy. The Pesha, standing amid bis Miuis- ters, gave Us & European suaxe of the band, @hile tae band— be very ove that came down with us from Aiex- anaria—were playing Europeau airs, It was evident tue French hao the mavagemout vf he eotertsinment, for the Toost witheg Western customs were observed dn a sice roum Eurupeau chairs were arranged around a Europea table, on wiuch were packs of European cards, ibe upposite room was provided with European sears, aud in acioset you were sown where you could get a kuopean drink. One aimost forgot ubat the bail was given by @ Turkish Pasha. Save the dress of the Cow turks present, the formality of the eveuing, the society ot ladies—fur there were but twenty to rome two hun. ured geutiemeu—y ou could beraly realize that you were being enveruaned by @ Musseimad ‘The Pasha ied off the bali iu 4 promenade with the lady of the kngush Consul; and bere, for the first ime, the Fasba seerned out ut is element. The lady was’ em- barrasted by his clumsiness this arma hung down by lus side like # pair of tongs, and his muvements showed auything but grace. The daucing was coutlaed only to a yew; the other guests fund wmusement ia segara aud curds, Most of the guest: were from kurepe. America and Engiana were tairly oversuadowed by foreign mous- waches, and their voices drowned by tae incessaut rat- ting of fureign tongues. Among those present was the late Austrian Consul at Smyrba, 0 whom Captain Ingra- bam gave a lesson in intervativoal law, on the subject of hoszta and his waturalization re, As the evenil wore away ice cream aud sherbet were brought ia, and cake was Banded round—ail Kuropeanized, lo glancing about the high arched room I accidentallay saw the Diushing ace of a fair young girl oking down from the narrow circular windows ut the top of the hail, upon the dancers. She saw tbat sve was observed, and disap peared. My curiosity was excited, for the mystery that surrounds the harem always attracts our sex. I was right in my conjecture, for in examining more minutely the several windows from # retired spot, fair faces on all sides were peering Gown upon us—-ome very beauti- ful. Although not # polking man, my scrupies might have been overcome if the beautiful Georgian whos: eyes seemed alive with curiosity, had been among the dancers. Never before had these young girls seen so many a faces, and thiukiag their hiding place se- sure from the intiuel eyes of the Frank, they gazed down upon us with interest too intent to single out those who were observing them. When will the march of intellect raise the Turkish daughter from her humiliating debasement to a position worthy ot her eex? Not till the hereditary prejudices of their race have barat their prison bars, and civilization and morality have lightened up the darkened chambers of their mind, I did not rematato supper, but from a giimpre at the table it was worthy of a prince. In all these palaces you cannot but be struck at the clumsy mixture of maguiticence and meanness, splendor and squaior—an inlaid floor of banutiful polished wood or mosaic mauble, with mapboard unpainted and walis vonpapered—money exhausted without taste— beautiful orcaments in the basement, and broken wia- dows in the hall—a boudoir in tne interior, aod an un- inhabited, untidy appearance without. Everything about a Turk looks unwashed, s:1 and shabby. A part of the entertainmout was the exhibition of tho Pasha’ children—four beautiful boys, about ten years cack, all dressed in blue, under the charge of @ ounich blacker than ap African fuveral, Beyrout was ouce an extensive commercial port, and is re in old associations, from the richly laden argoses of days gone by vo the kuglish war fleet that left their aixty- eight pounders in the fortress a tow years since. Beyrout hes kept her name from being erased from the page of hist . Froin Beyrout we went to Larnnka, in the Island of Cy- press, anchoring opposite the Marina, oa the beach. The few hours’ stoppage oO: the steamer enavies you to walk tothe village, to visit the Greek cuthedral, which is not so attract ive as the Catholic, aud to wander about the old town end the Bazaar. It requires a powerful imagination to revive «py interest in this wretched, miserable old place. Uetory, however, has managed to keep its name from sihing, telling us there was once a noble city, peopled by « brave and warlike raco—a city made noted oy the deahbed of Cunon, the distagunued Grecian eral, “nu vy having beea the birthplace of the phibeopher Yeno. A few cottun bales and a few sacks of grain same on board as freight. If this is @ specimen of the island of Oy press, Tam glad it is only a port of cail. Paphos, {am told. has more vo recommend it; for this was the voluptuous home of Venus, where she erected ber hun cred ailars after sBe roee trom the sea. The beauty and easy virtue of the women of Paphos have given it histori. cal remem ance. The frail one in all lands is callea a Cyprian, In Childe Harold's ancestral hall, Paphian girls were known to sing and smile, Papbian girls and Cyprus vine spoiled maay an ancient general, for the ktwaication of both was oftimes wo much tor Reman virtue. Shakespere’s fancy must have been under their intluence when be pictured Othello’e courtship, Cassto’s reeling through the Bazaar, and lugo's midnight wanderings. I could never iunagine they could take place any where else so wo!l as in Cyprus, It may have been a beavtital piace in its day, but now, although it st Il produces the finest cotton in the Levant, its once beautiful iandis are bar.en, fruitiess and unin’ viting. Uader the corroding midew of the Turk, ter- Hibie changes have crushed the taland. Even as late as i8u2 there was a reign of terror in Cyprus. Twenty-two thousand Greeks were butchered ia cold biood by au in- human Turkish army. LANDING IN THE CRIMEA. Kawirsen, April 28, 1856, The Passage from Cons'antinople to Kamiesch, and its Cott—How the French manage the Post Ofice—Crowds of Soldiers, Sailors, Shipe-of War, Gunboats and Traders— Scenery om the Bosphorus—The Allied Dead and how they went to the GravemHow you enter the Kamiesch Bay—American Ships in Port, awl how they were Ad- mired. My Australian, Indian and China correspondence must have reached you some weeks since, but as I have not been so fortunate as to get hoid of a copy of the Henan since leaving Palestine, Iam not up in New York dates Ry way of Marseilles I posted several lettors containing notes on Fgypt, Syria and Asia Minor, which I hope may work their way through the barbarous espionage of the French poet. Now I have commenced to throw oif a sheet or two on the war, but afterwards shall not bore you with my blottings, for I oon shall be in the land o classic hand books and “our correspondents.’ By dancing attendance on the admiralty at Constantinople, after taking the precautionary measure of getting my respectability endorsed by the American Ambasaador, [ might have obtained a passage to the Crimea in a govern. ment transport for a pound note, for the only charge is your board at $3 60 per diem; but time was an Obert, and as Idid not wish to feel that I was so deeply obligated and expecially favored, I paid some thirty dollars for « passage in the French mail boat which plies tothe French Crimeanwar port, Kamiesch, twice a woek ; which takes pas- Gongers down but Will uot GuArADICS ® pacgage back, fur the cabin is reserved for returning French officials, The English | have po mail line to Balaklava, but have mate arrangweats to have their tetters passed unopened, through France 1 say unopened, for any correspondence that falls inte the French post bags goes uader espionage—for the old Fouche-Napole@nic system is strictly obrerved in the Crimea. Private letters that men- tion the word war, or France, never reach their address, and business ducuments also are thrown into the & letter box, France muzzles the news; Eogland ts more liberal; butin war times, where humat lite depends upon @ despatch. a judicious restriction may not be ou: of place. Verhaps it would have been better for the nation if her Crimean correspondence had been published in Kogland. Our steamer was loaded with vivacious Freoch troops, of diflerent regiments, who bad been on the Scutar sick lt, and were sent down to join their comrades at the camp. Joilier fellows wever shouldered muvket; they have escaped a cottin, show their gratitude by eating, i wughing We teft Constantinople about tive 40, which gave us # glorious view of the by sunset. Steaming out of the Golien Horn, When detoely packed with sbipping, without chaf- ing the bout, requires uo litte skill; but our captain ua uaged it without even the common occurrence of eapsiz- ing a caique. Never beivre ad old Stamboul wines Such a forest of masta aod funnels, steamers aod sai ing craft, transports and men of war, larg ana small; yachts and gupsbips—there must have beea a thousand sail, But this magnige nt fleet, commercial aud politcal, was not contived within the crowded compass of the Goldea Horn, tor the Bo puorus was also quick with activity ‘The narrow rtrip of water dividing civilized Europe trom heathen Asia was white with the commerce of the West Ships were auchored wud unaer way froa the place o: separacion til we had « istanced land in the Black Sea. the scenery on either side of the Bosphorus is of the mort gorgeous Gevccipdon, Turkish villages and Surkish graveyaros—where the oor and the moh both live aud die—are studved along the banks with great profusion Constantinople fades away as we turn the angie apd bul domes ane miuarets, mosques aud towers, are still the conspicuous object on every hand. The Bos phorus, like Melrose Abbey, should be seen by moon ght, for it eoltens the brilliancy of the scene, makiag tt only the more enutiful, Entering the Black’ Sea, larye ‘Turkish torts frown sulleuly upon us—forts of no great apparent swength, but more than equal w the destruction of any fleet thut dared the passage. No wonder that Ni- cholas’ perchant for tais important natural stronguold awakeled the jeaiousy of the Western nations. It may weil be called the toligate of the East, for nature lias made it an impassable barrier if in the hands of re: solute and skilful engineers and brave soldiers. As we quietly muke our way along, the gay Frenchman enliven- ig the solitude oF this vast inlanc ocean, I cau but real ize that we are on the same track of thousands who, but @ sbort time before, passed on, no more to retura forever. For many months—.we began to count be years—a fleet of trausports more exteurive than any kaowa in history bas becn steaming over the same race course with tho brave armies of the allies, so large @ portion of which bave been lett to fertilize the Tartor vioeyards and vou righ the corntields of the Crimea. Husbands and fathers —brothers und sops—piivate and otticer—youth and age —bobleman and commoner—tall of life and anticipated laurels, but a short time ugo crossed these same waters, hever again to see their native land. Painful is the con: tempiation! Eugiand pever beture was such a sufferer. But France remembers Moscow. The question of cotont. zation has beeu pat ot rest. Englawd aud France, be- \ween them, bave established a colony iu the Crimea— the colony ot the dead ! Farly in the morning of the sovond day, about thirty- tix hours from Stamboul, we again tell in with shipping, Jor we were approw ling our destined port. Some delay occurred in finding # berth, the hartor of Kamiesch was s0 densely biockeo up with the transport fleet Oa every tide we raw ull the activity of a targe commercial city. The entrance to the bay is very contracted; the chanael itself is @ quarter of a mile in widta, but booms have deen thrown across, leaving only one buadred fect be tween thin; their ybject being tw preveot boats from enteru.g aud to assist im breaking the sea. The men of- warand large ships at anchor outside are also arranged asa breakwater tor the protection of the harbor fleet. ‘The sbips are stowed gume one and four length deep, ac- cording to the Fize, all at anchor stern on to the shore, the deep water aod mud bottom allowing them to lay close in, The stuaier transports are placed at the bead of the bay and the larger ships neacer its entrance. The French transports only ure at Kamiesch; but at Kazatch, about a stone’s throw from the the English have a vay with almost af many sail. At both anchorages I coun ed some tive hundred ships, comprising the flags of moat of the pations of the West. ‘Side by side I saw three veauti ful epecimens of the shipyards of the North; the Freach flag flonted from the mizen mast, but the s ars and stripes were at the peak. Prouder than the one hundred and twenty gun of the French, the Napoleon ill., more dignifiea even than the Agamemnon ot We English, the Great Republic of the Americans looked in ber upassu- ming greatness—the cammonder ot the tleet. . The Great Republic, Capt. Limeburner, the Queen of Clippers, Capt. Zerega, and the Monarch of the Sea, Capt. Gardner, Were anchored side by side, and 1 never teit prouder ot my country than iu witnessing these magnifi- cent clippers from New York, so superior to any of the transports of other nations. English aud Freach, Russian and Sardinian officers, high in rauk aud position, covered with orders and medals, Turkish commanders and Tartar princes, all have seeu them, aud in seeing are forced to admire. america pever sent betier representatives ubroad—the peaceful messenger of commerce ts always welcomed, while we only hail the ship of war as a State necessity.” ‘The Captain tells me that there is little dagger here, they lie 80 close together, on @ mud bottom; but it would seem to me that one of those terrible storms tha sometimes have convulsed these seas would involve th entire feet in one common wreck. Thus far, there hav been few accidents. 1 saw several bulks—among oth ers, the ship Cortez, of Bath, piled upun the beach ; bu the few wrecks occasioned may be accounted for by th continued absence of the Black Sea gales. (he Champioa of Boston, is also here, lvadiug brvoze and brass cauuon, from the Malakolf for Marseilles ; and the Hartley, ais for the tame port; the Titan, of Boston, hay just saile | for France. Ali the American ships are in the employ o the French government, tho English having chartere | bo American transports. During the dull tines, the trans port charters have proved a splendid basiness for auc ot our ships as were so fortunate as to get employment. ‘The Great Republic must have paid for herself by this tume; but the game is now up, anc @ thousand sailof Sactious Yak tre their = to ome Bog deaden’ " juently depreciating ship- ping property. There ee tom reveral individual iwetances wi the government has enriched the ship- ownor by a single charter. Among others mentioned, tho British sbip Gertrude was taken up ai thirty shillings per tov for a powder magazine, and althougn the rate was afterwards reduced, two years employment at Kazatch must bave built balfa dozen such craft. Maty of the almost tpsolvent English steam mail lives have escaped irom bankruptcy by this unexpected employment. Like receiving a remittance the morning the note came due, gcvernment employ mcnt was just in time for several of the stam ew Serew Companys among tbe rest. Without Eng! steamers for towing ther transports, the Freich would have been sadly off, ving few steamships of their own; on this side, the Fre: transport Gag is hoisted at the mast bead of nearly ‘every steamer, These transports, under charer, aro actively engaged in embarking hurses, troops aud can nons, The soldiers are every whero assisting the sailors in getting off the ships, On shore, officers and privates arc hurrying to and fro, and working gaags of men aro employed in piling up shot, transporting cannons and in preparing for embarkation, An idea of tue extent of the sbege is ed the moment fo begin w waik about the streets of the settlement of lesh—calied im the par- lance of the Crimea the *‘ City of Thieves.” It is utterly impossible to realize that two ye rx ago the Bay was as “4 ent as the village was vacant—neither ship vor house, tan nor beast, save a few Tartar farmers, were ever reen ‘here; avd yet it has already lives several ages in history. The French army are packing up everytning they can lay their hands on—every old cannon, every spare shot, every piece of steel, every gun carriage, used Up musk: —even old barrel hoops aud barrel staves—are being piled up to be tak It is evi deut that no fortunes are w be made fi wake of the allied armies, ae was the case when our troops left Mexi A ine of coaches ix established to Balaklava, | learn to-day, and wili write from there, Batakiava, April 30, 1856, The Mules, Horses, Roads and General Travel to Balaklava —Extent of the Allied Lines—A Furst Lok at Sebasto- polin Ruins—Her Earthern Fortresses and Sand Bags— Thouyhis on the Battle Prelda— Energy and Good Breeung Of the Russian Oficers—How the Allved Troops Agreal. 1 missed the ‘bus at Kamiesch, aud was obliged to hire & private team to take me over. I paid fora horse, but found # mule waiting for me at the café; however, in two hours and a half we made Balaklava, the Kamiesch of the Foglish army. The engineers have built a splencid mili- tary road between the two posts and macatamized the entire distance, Now the weather is dry, and clouds of dust darken the air, but the least rain makes it sloppy and disgusting. Once out of Kamiesch, we got an inkling of camp life. As far as we could see, tents and huts were dotted over the hills and plains—both sides of our high way were studded with the local habitations of the allies. Artillery wagons, mule carriages and cart loads of shot and shell were continually passing—eometimes the train would extend for miles. Cannon balla and broken shell were scattered along the gutters—eome of which had fallen from the wagons, others lay where they fell from the guns. The first entrenchments of the French when they landed are of the most formidable character. They did not intend to be driven again into their ships without etroggle. Approaching Balaklava we began to feo! more and more the immense extent of the excampment. Before I came hore, I imagined that I could ride through the English an | French camps in an hour, and had pictured it « largo city of tents, I never for © moment supposed that instead of one gigantic encampment, there were some hundrods— instead of covering acres of ground, it was scattered over an areaof some two hundred square miles. From the heights above the settlement, I could just reach some of the distant camps with a glass, Tam mest fortutate in finding a home on board the beautiful New York clipper—the Ocean Herald. She has been employed for over # year by the Fronch, and bas mado several passages to the several Black Sea and Mediterranean ports, She is now discharging hay for the ambulance department, after which she takes troops to France, Captain Furber, so well known in the North Atlantic packet trade, having been here so many times during the progress of the siege, is well posted on Cri- mean matters, and seews to be very much at home in the French comp. Already 1 yy Fe noquainted with several of the French ) all of whom are particu- larly courteous to Americans. Their hospitality comes Sater ern bri ge sir mie cease with their servants oy ou, ezplaning 1a “ola aah You tay i lou ebips aud NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JULY 21, 1355. of the battle fields 1 have letuers w seyergi Kugiish ott cers, Dut you Bight as well look for aie ia Loe Odean | Or a bird Iethe torent “The dtetanees between the esiaps Bre 0 great the eaftivally Of wuviug aooat exces! on ck, nd the burry wad Lustie oF tages who Inge wwiiw 3 0u, prevent me from facing tious oat, aud as ab is, 1 pd Tam weil bodsed aid Wellearet for, ‘Yerterday, in company with a lan prince a1 se veral Freve | Visited Senastopol, aud uy bead is too full of what [saw todescribe at twas got at ail provered:t0 500 sueb desolation aud destruction, Hor Was prepared to bua that those bign sounding wames toast have been ringmg th uy ears, Week after Week as the mail came through—toe Mamelou, tes Malakolf sad tae Redap—were only piles of dirt and bags of sand, aud baskets of earth work, ali etrewo about in the most cum cated confurton. Lovkiwg from the Malakoll, the vace wUutliul caty OF Sebastopol, Whose eligible site tor a naval arsenal was brought tw the vouce oi the Emperor by & native of bracwe, and whose wouderfu forts were planned by an Engixb engineer, is only a ovap of TUIDS, TeseMbIOK MOE AD Old Syrian or Kyyptiaa wwa, destroy ed by the vorroding influence oF time, tuan & pow? ertu) fortress, reduces by d war Ot esterday. Tue Kus biabs burvt aud le eliwo their babilativus when tuvy re- tired to their io pregoable position on tue wort slie. a at Moscow WY Gestroyed wll but the sautitul saad stepe barrack, a church Or two, & woud aad Laos woncertul ducks. But Wiat Wie Ro-saus ee auied aomive have broken aad ton danolation 1 Cano poture me broken Bde aunun digits, ald sole a e tu lower ga eeUge ¢ setts bo Wpol is x wreek, more wild © sz covld have Deel alter ie cartij ira age after the bowowrdmen: The pauwe ti priuw aud the cottage et the peaeant, tho couvont, the churene the puohic build jugs aud private Uwoll ¢ht but piles of broker cine aud plester— Luge Leaps of rubbisd scattered over the entre surtay ofthe city. The suuken ships weross tue mouth of ut barbor ui! iu the bay are discovered by their protruding spars ubove the water—the Twelve Aposties tie mur: fcuou- of ail, On the low laud about the water Uo ge #uebors au’ Mmunense piles of ammunition are yiled up, ready for chipueut; bat, save the stranger wao visits the tullew city, and the occasional barking of whe UbciMMmed dg, All is Sileut as a DuTia: ground—uo beter representation could paint the wrritic ravages of war. Gur Kussian friend gazed upen his once happy home, und torned away and wepciike a child, It wa yitfur Wo sex tim iv bis strength aud manliness so heartoroken and wretebed in bie contem lation = It was he 4 w hear the French colonel, who accompanied us, o lignt of the Russian’s wretchedness; but be would bave tis jest. DO matter bow keen the shalt On the buile tieid, in the trenches, im the Malakoll, ut deatu's door, tho Fr nebman will have his joke; but it wus not Preach po hteness continually remind the Russian ollicer of nis defeat. ihe Russian was born & geulieman, but the Freuchman had rivew trom the ranks. If 1 were asked what struck me most forcinly im riding about and around the city, 1 sbould say at once, the astonishing strength and eugiveering ability gf the Ki. tian defences. No wonder they baitled the Fuck ‘of the British aud the dash of the French for ro long a tia. Vt must be remembered that when toe abies waded at Eupatoria im tee aucumn of 1854, Sebastopol was ouly for- ttea by rea—not a bastion was thrown up w prevent 11 trom injand invasion. The battle of the Aima was fougnt where the Zouave soldiers so distiuguished Wemsvlves, and Where the English army, the Frencuman suys, was bet up to time—but when once at it, be will bave to ad mit that they fought like tigers for the victory, a\tnvuga bintory r cords that "brough the tapertections of their ambulance corpe, hundreds of bi soldiers who 80 boluly had plunged into the tight, were left for two days apd Dghts to seiter in their wounds upon the batie filet Doiore assistance was at baud Not til ater the battle of the Aima, when Lord Raglan fell acr s+ the track of the Russian’s rear, when the allies passed over +> Balukiavae vot till after the memorabie battie of the 25th of Uctober, where Lord Cardigan, obeying orders that bob «ly fathers, rode toe death ride atthe bead of the Light Brizade—the boldest deed in bistory—piunging op to almost certain destruction—jor more thaa hat the TegiMeDt Was Owl COWa, hoses and men, with Russiau bot, aod ail woula have perished but for’ the rescue ot the French— pot till after the still more bloody battle of the Inkermann, where the stream ol life flowe: as swittty as the river, where the flower of Eugland’s army toe Guaras, led on by @ royal Duke, fell ike hail upon the battle field, and whore, ou that memorable 5th of Nove ber, the ailies must have been swept from the Crimes in spite of all all their bravery, by the overwhelining force of the Russiaus, but for the mistake so fatal to Lipraudi, of a large portion of bis army losing itsel! in tue inist— not till alter these several Waterlo» aud Austerutz battles bad been fougut, did the Russians commence thy wonderful fortifications which even im their ruins, astonish every veholaer. Their extent, the immensity’ of the under- twking, the wealth of material and the vastness of the labor, the rapioity of their construction and th almost miraculous engincering ability displayed, are the thougits uppermost iu the mind as you gaz’ over the long range ot ramparts from the Malakolf! tw the Flagetalf battery Before the Inkermaun, the city was only defenued by water, not # éingle canoon defended its rear; ahd hence the terribie evergy of the Russian. ‘Ihe ablest of the Russian engineers were called to council, but three mouths were required Ww compiete the defences. Menschikoll was dixteartened when ap enginver, unknown to fame, with the promptuess worthy of Napo: jeou's observation at the defence of Paris, offered to ac- complish the task iu a fortnight, if they would ony sapply the wen. They did #0; and the name of Totaleben shines more brilliantly ‘han thas of auy other individual 1n all the armies, Of course the young heutenant was made a gene ral; and be deserved it, for French and Eogiybh alike al! testify to his wouderfal sktil te constructing earthwork st ficiently strong to withstand such a terribie tire ‘or s+ long atime. While standing on the ruined ramparts of thy Malakoll, the Fre veh officers pointed out the mid:day attack, the surprise, the attempted rescue, and the two tmistaxes peer—iir-t the weakness of the place where the Liston. Freneby © storme*, secona, the enclosed part towards Sebasi: Hae i (emaioed open as iu th Redan, the Rusrion uclt have retaken it in the face of the Frouch , a8 it was, Borquet; saw bix advantage. “We are in the Malakot! and sball remain there’? waa the impulive langrage of the French officer. ‘Napoleon the modern, like his uncle, rewards such mea. Again, | was sbown where the English iay swimmirg in thick ‘pools of blood along side of their euemies in the ditches of the Redan. Russell describes the scene. What can be more horribiet 1 co not care & dwell upow the harrowing details. If one accident on a railway creates such harrowing sympa- thies, how much more horrible does the coutempiation make the scene where thousands were swept away by that terrible shower of grape! Those outiiving the stora are the heroes of the chance of Iife was nothing. 1 went over the trenches, and saw the rifle pits, where, day after day, night after night, raining, freezing, cold and supperless for mouths, the soldiers of both armies worked till death or the hospital demanded them. Strange enough are our reflections iu walking about those zigzag lines, where to many have perisbed by exposure, want, and the sortie of the Russe. Ty night some uew victims were added to the burial list; and yet the tield of battle has ever been the field of jesting with the actors. Many are the anecdotes related of the riflewen. There ‘was 0n6, a crack shot, who did not relish his breakfast ‘unless he bad potted—that is the horrible term—baif a dozen Russians. Show him a Russian, co matter how far, providi: g be was within ange, and crack went the dead ly Minie, and there was certain to be ono less of the emmy. The Russians have contested every inch of [coed upon the Crimea. Step by step they have retired, jeaving naught but huge graveyards behind them. Returning by the Worreozoff road again, I saw the huts of the thousands of encampmen’s, The Sardinians, the French and the Englixb, the Turks, are mostly gone. The bill country bad been once aimoast aa fertile as the plain, and the plain shows the hillocks of the vineyard and the furroughs ot the grain feild. The Crimea tas ever been the garden of Russia. Pelisnier’s headquarters are by no means extensive, and Codrington most certainly did not live in a palace, Camp life is far from pleasant. Give me @ cabin in ap clipper, in preference to the soldier's table of the Com- maoder in-Chief. General Codrington is liked by yoth armies, but Lord Raglan they abuse even in his grave. The French and Englwh are notfriends. Peace hag been confirmed, and now we begin to see the national apupatbies come out. I knew it must be so. Centuries “outers here are Tull of recriminetions, and. ls: pala to see bew soon they have forgotten that ete wught and bled togetter—that their brother comrades are buried in the same extensive burial grounds. Now I believe they would fight each other as readily as they tought the Russians, Bataxtava, May 2, 1856, How Balaklava Port Could have teen Defended—What is and what % was—Our Trade with England and the Bast—What the English and French Leave to the Rus- sians—The Glories of Surdinia. Balakiava, from whatever point you view it, is strikingly picturesque. The bay is completely landlocked, like the harbor of Port Jackson; the entrance to the har. bor is #0 carefully concealed, that the first navigators of this wonderful sea must nave frequently passed the high border land without discovering the little aachorage. Approaching Kadikoe trom Kamiesch the little bay breaks suddenly out of the mountains, their peaks pro- jecting high above the shipping. The picture is strangely novel. You look ip vain for some outlet for the water, Naugbt can be seer: but the transport fleet and the massive ranges that enclose it, The old Genoese fort cape the tallest of the mountains, and is in a fair state of preserva tion, Well manned, the little Greek town of Balaklava could never have been molested from the water side. ‘The position, like the Bosphorus, is a natural stronghold Had the Rr seians anticipated the arrival of the armies, by sinking a ship or twWo across the mouths of the two bays—= Kamiesch and Ralaklava—it must have evtirely changed the tactica of the allies; but it might not have been a0 well in the end for the Russians The hill country on- circling the anchorage reminds me foroibly of the rugged ranges in Palestine, equally sterile and equally magnifl- cent in their dreary, cheerless sterility. There is the same everlasting uncultivated wildernoss of rocke—a vast fragmentary collection of stone and earth—with nothing but the Lilliputian sheet of water at the base—a kind of Loch Katrine among the Trossachs, or Lake George of the American Highiands, Two years bave hardly gone since Balaklava was 9 pensant’s solitude, A fow Greeks and a fow of the moret enterprising Tartars occupied the little white village of Hinser under the mountain, contented with thir peacofdl and solitary life. What little commerce arose ou of the cultivation of the rich plains in their vicinity, and im the supplying Sebastopol and the surrounding township with fish, was amply sufficient for the sustenance of the emalleommunity, Russa allowed no strangers to visit the town si even Russian ships were not permitted Yo enter. th a ukase that none could break, the Em. wero locked, with his ron hava, the gate of the port, But war was declared; Eupatoria did not answer, and when the army marche! across the Crimea and occupied the heights the lock was broken, and men-of.war, steam. mmerchant@en suchored in 109 seviuded baunte Of tho wild fow!, until the bay was full—a handred ships anc more. Tilere are eighty here now, lying es thick aa Under Wa Yard, aod, 8 uartial laW reigns torouguout Ue Crimes, every lauay must be out at ten o’civek, for, id the exciiag ties, 1b Would have b torrie Ww Liv | Feen the devouring element consuming thelr only masa | Ol excays. ut Uanre Wax uti ue, belore the Rwlaklava and the Inker mann allaire—ane by some alter Wards— When ia- felipent military meu, abr. from the theatre of acuoa, With maps belore them, consvientiously oelievod that every ulcer ae sol live Of the allied army would die fighting Oo tue battic Meld, by sickness in tae camp, or b tthe pont OF the bayouet uty the sea, a | hac can bravery do with such unequal odds—s | wiry Will porish ane be destroyed. mate Wit buster the dcach of those Who e: » the Mmushet auG the sword!’ Remembering the -oiitu: o of the Tarta> town before, you fre the more struck with us bustling, restless, rattling tie van | Ape a Uymy DoW for au the suirnog worl of commere i | ho ndilalure Loudon, suips are discharging their ca. yore oh grain frew Ube ‘Turkis ports, and bay sad pro- | wwMEIUAton Bud the Uapplugs of war are being | W OUL ASM ULe sitK. Was Ot Guished, the peace Bok | plovaimed. Itreens ucediess ¢apense, yet tor want of | rome oue to give ab order, many of these things will be pied Out only te De Cam yeu and destroyed, and tasu jorsceth folowden aud taken away, perbaps lo the ehip that breup ht them, bo ery day steam tran-ports ure ar. | riving With esttle from tue sea of Mamora aad olher pisces Ans every eay Lowe them to wing Out to Bead of them that pave c vow the voyage. Uhe army oc Sumber pth Bo eRe Hu- munoant of fresh stuf, From mornipg Gil late + day traiu after train of deapatched the treet wito provisions for the men, and luzpe loads Of graub au ieee for the horses and tae mules, ‘Troops er vontibualy ewoarking, but thus ia° ue ranks are sui lull, save Whore they Were thinned by death Yeowruay two regineuts embarked for Canada, ia the Kesolic oud Simeon Th Nath, Thirty seventh, Seven- th, “txty third ang Sixty-ceculd are ander ordors for ral tation five rey ments in all from the Crimes. eth Bomudss tloct, perhaps, itis aavther suake of ibe ete) Brother Jonathan Never mina, ler them blow of a little Ot thon disxppeintinent at the uusatistactory re- sutul the vain Loaion editorials against America, Ld in grana revK We Spithead. It will do no harm. Obg £3 OUT UDEV! oleiatioual Commerce aMuUntS to sone Oh hundred milioas swrling, the dificulty vetweea big aod and Ameria wii ouly ® war of words be- the columus of the New Yous Henarp and the a Limes. Ibavetovrd much amusement in roaming about the wharven, for—dou't be surprised— Engiand’s Industry is reen Wherever you way cure look-—wharyo. and piers; Wareboures for the diflorent regiments, marked and aum: bvered, boats for the officals; wayons, carts, barrows and all the hughsh coutrivances tor transport; teiegraphic stations, & floaing mache shop comulete, where, in time of action, some wirty engineers were employed, sometimes bight w wel at day, repairing tbe imate meDts OF WAI—A8 thost extensive alfair, comprising all the ibgenlous Cont VaNCes OF noderu t mes, pul up ia Eng. sand nod Bleamed Out lo Baisk lava Where Khe has douse the army DO Little wervice;and by and by &he w'!\ steam back BAIL we perfect as sue came—a curiosity wel! worth vi tg Th: Frerch at Kamiesch hud smail portabie forges arranged iv loug sheds op the shore, where they were busily # rming out bolts apa rtaples for the carpentors putwyg up tue stalis for the cavalry horses. A little fur- ther op abother steamer is anchored, ag far up the bay as the wate: permits—a@ beaut (ul Doateand tuis was the flouting bakery where ship bread aad biacult were turbea out ‘or the army by wholesejo-eanuther instance unknown in the bistury of & siege wbere a Logdou bako- bovee ie sent out under steam to fuvd tay regiments of a ‘piabt war Commissariat. But, extraordinary as all fv» contrivances may appear they fall tuto utter ineig- wf iv comparicoo with to4 Balaklava railway. No wor or that the ‘Tartar peasants and the Cossack horse- ioeh With eyes and mouth outstreteped, stanc gaping at the remarkable sp<ctacle, no wonder that the hussian Indy and the country maiden stop their odiy cnoughb made vebicle, with its four horses abreast to faze Upon Oo strange @ scene; Lo won- cer that this mushroom community from so maoy lards are attacted by the continua: rathing of several iocomotives Over af good & cailruad us you cau find be- tween the owns of England—for it is a mest remarkable sight—Englaud going w war in Russia by railroad, and one ot her own constructions at that. More than anything cise, these wholesale arrangements attract allire the Rus- Finn wp. the French, en We reflvct that engines and engwee'«, rails, aud to lay them down; sleepers e | Lines in front, 3 touching & lighted segar to the remains of an unburné fose of a forty sieht pounder, but it was a serivus joke to them. The lou buss, killing three on the spot aud Dorwlly wounding the fourth. By the way, the drunkem- bese bere i fnghtful—the men of armies make beasts of theuwelves when they get upon a apres. Ibeve seca more French laying dead drank on the than English, The English say that the French invite them over w their camp and get them drunk, and thea rob and beatthem. When you talk with a French sol. dies the ring is or the other finger, But the truth mast be told: thedrumkennes# is occasioned by “oure New Kugiaud rum,’ marked Boston, U.S. a. At Kamiesch I faw ittiored seven barrels bigh im a large artillery park, and ot Balakiava the supply was equaliy extensive, It is the wine of the oflwer and the brandy of the soldier, which ever you please. lt was takes into the treaches and was sold in the camp. At Katikoo, in the coves, or in the American ram has been the chief popular drink 0. the army. An Americsa house at Con- flavtinople, with a branch ia Boston, has obtained the contract, and money, they tell me, bas been coined in the fpeouauon, What will Neal Dow say when be learns ‘th at Boetop rum stimulated the Frepca when thoy Eine | into the Majakoll, and stirred “ip the English at the itual medium of the —that Bosion rum is the ouly 8) Crimea. Twould not haye omitted my excursion to the north side for consideravle—ii hay given me altogether anchor view of the Rusclau eueugua. Why, tuere are some twenty or thirty Mamelons, Malakotts and Kedaps! Karth- Works on te same gigantic scale are thrown up ou every” commanding posiuon, ‘The genius of Todtleven is seen Om every hund—wherever a gua can bear upom ui caemy, he has placed one, ‘The ravines and mountaus all along that side ure ioviathaus im ther way, and Dold, indeed, must be the utey thatdare attack the bristling bastions that command ail the approaches. Yuu can have ittle jcea of the woudertul uatyal strength of the Russa position; aba what mavure had tailed to do, Todtleben ac- con piled, Lam not speaking Of Fort Vousiautine and the stone fortifications commanding the cutrance—these have already spoken for thetmselves tbe Agememnon of the British navy b aWay tho marks of what they could do, Tao nos mean, either, the star forts, 50 extem- bive Gad so pOWertul—I opiy allude to the now bastions, the Lew varthworke thrown up all along the high lan Lear the lead of the bay, for miles; cannon poiatiag in direetious, Withupy kind of # garrison, bo army that the oliter coud have sent would have taken that side of Sebastopol. It js all nousense to say that the aliles have had it all their cwn way. All sides cap but wdwit that Russia bas played well hee purtof the game. Tle war bas been contined to her ex- tweme fronuer, and every foot of ground bas ‘oon com- tested by her arny. After three “reat baities they com- Inenced by Lortity now be sequel. The carth- works withst. yory tlach, and tuo allies were grow- tug uneasy unt! by a iucky ai the Freach dashed tate ott, wuich proved to be the key of Sebastopus. Betore, the Kevan was supposed to ve, and wll reuomber the wrrible lusses ef the repulse on the aauiversacy of Waterloo, but Neil came out Lou Darks, aud bis eagle eye detected atom > the mi tane., They tried the Maxskotl, took itanu held it; and then cane the d struction and evacution of Sebaswpui. Any One Why stands upon the spot can but exprers astonishment at cbe rapidity with which so large « yarrison crossed over on so slender @ path to the other ewe. Unce, there what could be done? ‘Their forts maravdistely opposite commanded ail the prouches and every partof the city; the allies ent bus could net renmio—only a few + entinels were station eithere. The Kuss\aa guns poured down their iroa hail even upon the Malako!f aud the Redan, What then could the allies doy ‘Luke the north sider Never! Starvation was the only way—they must do what the Russians did at Kars. And what geseral would attempt so wild a rcheme? It woull require a larger army than the allies had to apare to cut colt /erckop; aud that was there only cbance—ior I sin willing t stake ten to ope that none ot them could have obliges the Russiens to give up their etronghold so long as they had a horse left to feed upon; avd 1 ww that the bills were co-ered with cattle. I have talked with several {uksiaa officers. They seem disspjxunted wt the peace—they wish to have au trial—they told me what 1 saw for myself: thas each fort commanced its neighbor iu the front— and when one wis taken they could rewre to the one in the rear, thus graduaily weariag out the patience of the besiegers, ‘The Szgieh papers may say that Russia was used up; but where, 1 usk, bas she net made good her cause? In the Baitic, in Circassia, in Aske Minor, at l'etropawlowski, at Castio Bay, on the C Russia has a right to clulia the ackaowledgmeut of @ brave and wonderful delence. and ratiway carriages, coal aud all the necessities for a complete establishment were brovght out from Eugland; the road graded by Hritish workmen; the stations cen- structed by Britieh carpenters, out of Britiih material, all for the ransportation of ammunition provisious, forage aud the general supphee of the British army, from their port of arrivai to the times in front, when we gosinenniote ali these things, even those who have just arrived from ull the tesring activity of the West can but express aswa- iwbment at the substantaity and enterprize of the ar- rangementa’ Some tay that the road ts to be sold to the Russiave; others, that, like everything else, it is going back to Ragland, Judging trom present movements, the lish, like the Freneb, do not intend to leave auything behind them out their graveyards and ‘thelr remembrances. Old hooks and old unifurms, broken muskets and pieces of «un carriages, Cannon from the Redav, anchors from Se bartopol, and rhot and shell unlimited cover the pisrs* ready for shipment. Near our ship some thousands o the Tartar peasantry are piling up their traps, and seyerat Wansports are getting up steam to take them to the colwvy provided by the Sultav. Fearful that their sym- pathy with the allies will bring punishinent frum the Liusetans, nd gladly accept the beggarly lowpita- a? of the Turk. ‘hips, as I before observed, are daily coming in with supplies A Cay or two since the Celestial Breeze arrived direct from New York, with a cargo of tlour for the Eng lib commiseartat, and yesterday che was so fortunate as to get a charter from the French, for two months, a cightees thourand francs per month, to embark horses for Algiers. ‘This ship aud the Ucean Horald, before men- tioned, are the only Americans at Balaklava.” Everything around me goes tv show the gigantic preparations for the vext campaign. England this time wus really in earnest. Her army appeared at the review before the Russian com- a ander in & complete new suit of uniform, new horses, bew mules, new supplies of ammunition, new hats for en- camping, and a most liberal supply of catanle, more ex- tensive than ever before fell to the lot of armies, nas been supplied in extravagant ion, and all for naught, tor the war was at an end. supplies have come too jate. England's army is by 90 in a Sunday garb, but France shows her poverty in the camp. The one appears fresh and ready for action, but the other looks seedy and uncared or tables are simply turned. At the com- eucement the French shamed the English in all their mmissariat arrangements—theu they had plenty to eat and drink, good tents and warm clothing, and a Lorne ont corps to carry their wounded from the field and their 1 burial, while Russell's account of the English Was just the reverse. Now the French show as much, if vot more, exhaustion than the Russiana. e army looks po al pact at and requires an entirely new outfit Little Sardinia bas won moro laurels than all the rest in her fitness tor war, Hor little army of 16,000 men, a part of which bave embarked, nas been the admiration of all. ‘Their commissuriat department ts porfect—their huts, in construction, material and comfort, are superior even to the English, Their horses, their artillery, their ambu- tance rps, all show efficiency and thorough organization. the officers are splendid looking fellows, and th» men are eurong and healthy. Their dress i# wort bec ming, uni jorms al! new, and, rain or «hive, whorevor you meet a Sardinian, you can but notice how weil he ia gotup. Sar nia is disgusted at the peaco—so is England; but rye | France and Turkey, for the present, are satisfled; an Avetria and Prussia have managed to ring themselves soto the Parisian congress, occupying an important pet without spending & penay—all of them uniting in talking lord Clarendon into the wty of signing away Eng- \and’s right of search on the high seas, tothe evident dis- aust of We British public and the Britwh press, BaLaxtava, May 4, 1856. The Rattle Ground on the Tehernaya— General Laprandi’s Lox Effort—Dangerous Sport—Military Prunkennas and Botton Rum—How the North Side of LechtmTodtleben's Energy—The Diplomats of Russia~ Bnylich Growlers Abroad—Rusasian Feeling Tnwards Francr—Policy of Austria and England—What the French Say to Americans of the BritishRepublicunism oy the French Army—The Losses of the Russian War, de, Another chapter, and I’ve done with my trip to the Rorwian coast. Since my last I have ridden over to the pattie ground of the Tchernaya, the last great action be ore the taking of the Malakoff. The battle was fought early on the morning cf the 6th of August iat, and a more desperate attack, under disadvantageous circum. etance, could rever bave been made Tho Russians in- tended te surprise the French camp; and so suaden was the movement that some of them bad pushed to the vory door of Colonel Adams’ tent; but everything was againet them—cannon from several batteriee—the Sardinians on tue left, the Piedmontese close by, the Turkish in the front, and the French in strong numbers on the right and directly opp: site—wore ali pototed towards the only place whee the Russians could advance, the Tractir bridge The result is well known. The Russians were mown down by thousands—lke the bridge of Lodi, the ‘Tractir wae heaped with the slain. Every discharge of grape made # par age through the Russian columns; n bravery could breast such a slaughter. "Twas in vain that Russian officers led on their men—the artillory of the allies tore everything before it, The Russicns retired with terrible loes, dieheartened; and three wooks lator they lost the Malakoff, gave up the Redan, burned thei city, and retired to their northern forts. The whole army—men and horses, and the swarming followers of the camp, the active garrison—all went over in a single night, on a little bridge of boate—one of the most re. markable evacuations ever recorded in the records of war! The attack of tho Tebervaya was ihe last resource of Liprandi. Hit army, inactive on the heighta, wished to be led on; and; desperate as was the movement, taey boldly crossed the Tractir bridge, and were defeated with frightful lows. Save the small battery, the Mnglish ‘id not appear at this engagement, Minie riile balls—and shell, many of which are unexploded—and bails of va- rious sizes, etiil lig thick upon the battle fleld. An officer op the field the da} of battle said he saw sixteen Russians lying dead in one small circle, and tho te of a chell fn their midet. Ore diecharge bad killed them all, My companion pieked up several of skull—one of which bed vee fille bels init Sentinels were atatoned on (oo bridge, Marshal Pelissior has forbid. den any Frevchman 0 cross without an order from hea tquartors, but there i# now no restriction{for the Eng- “h is wt aor tag tome 01 pA bn Ra Ae abells. e other soldiers un: © intlaence Of liquor, thought wey would amu emaviyen by , In diplon acy, Nicholas with Seymour, an’ Count Or- Jol at Faris, ho is equally at her ease. Alexander, im Lis manifesto, does not seem bumiliatet Napoleon bim- selt suid that he Lad not been humbled. Russia is satis fled with the peace; and well she rg! be “or England commenced with boasting and ended by givwg up ber right ¢f search. Just atte moment ver army aod gavy were 50 efficient she i) Low ready for war, and ready, the signs a peace which must break the pr Mivistry. Tyrovgh Auetralia, China, InJia, wherever f tet an Englishmsn peace was howled down; and new the document bas n signed, England reserves her bg redftary privilege of growling. Sebastopol is a ruiv—admit it; the docks are dt ecd—a:imit that also, but whatis that? Can they not rebuilty The city can soon be tarown together agains and as for the docks, # million and a half of doilars we uwke them as good as new. They ray the Black Sem, fleet has been sunk; but the last mail also says that Rus- tia is allowed the privilege of raising the siups and tak- ing them through the Bosphorus to the Baltic. So much for the damage on the Critmea—so much for i)» resulse of this famous contest—a patched up peace, anu a 81 uncertainty enveloping the future. France aud seem Istely to have a sneaking fondness for other. Napoleon will probably go up the Neva, and Alexander will have to visit to kiss the baby, A treaty bas been signed, and that which is given to the world looks very plausible. But who can us of secret yo that have pasred between the representa- bag A - men Goesh Divas concen doue = the sly. Ir imeraton kuows & or an baps Rursia has got rmore thas the fish pable and tu world is allowed to read. Remember the secret between Aicxander and Napoieon at the treaty of May there not be some equally understanding tween their imperial succeasors? It would all 80. Itplomacy at home has been working the France and Ruseia may yet be pitted against and England—their object the division of Turkey. ‘we remember that the Duke of Wellington and peror Alexander, after Waterloo, walked arm and showing the good will of their reapective armies spective nations—into Paris, and together shed tears the grave of Josephine at Fontuinbieau, need we be sur- prised to find France and Russia as firmly allied—the ope to revenge his uncie’s fate at St. Helena, the other gratify a long concealod revenge and national hatred jealousy against t+ Lay of a thousand years? The armies ip the Crimea are by no moans ey The and Sardinians are more together, but Freach aloof from John Bull, and Russia never fails to cut eequaintance, The Russian officers whom I occasionally give a low growl at England Austria, praising the French and abusiag the Turks—in fact, all abuse the Sultan's troops, They bave forgotten Kars and Silistria aad several olber important en ments, where Turkey maintained her ancient can’t bear them; Eg am willl pive the beggars their due, The world looks at stampede from the redoubts at Balaklava, an other deeds of unmistakeable bravery. 1 don’t think the Turkish ermy has credit jor all it bas perforined. All tm the Crimea abuse the Turke—Engiish, French and Ras tii reali E a? i sians; the Russians abuse the Euglish, and th¢ bugle and French abuse each other, With Americans, standing ou neutral ground, the Freag open out without reserve, Av.y or two since I break- fastec in the Erench camp; fourteen officers of high ranit atthe dejeuner, and several Russinas. We were four hours at the table—a regular Parisian ontertal When the wine began to circulate, Eng'and and lish were the text for the jest and the satire. give them credit for nothing. wy Aay that they havo always been a drawback; never up to time—a perfect drag upom the French army, Nov, ever, Lean repeat what I beard at the Frenchman's tabie. To sum up, in the language of tae Zouave —“'The English wero too late for were asleep et Iukermann, the Kiava; the Engieh ran from the napa not an Englishman was to sbort, are the views of the French officers 55 and when he does ») guarded notice acoid eneer 4 quiet bate as natural as it i# national. they do not like each ot” It is the same with the diers, several fights bave already occu: two have been kilied. If they 8! Jarge seaie, it would be difficult to oh dcip!ine, since the Foy is pore Frenchmen also say this war has view of England’s manner of Agi ba will proat by it, ere is one thing I bave noticed officers of the French ormy—i self—do not like the Emperor, to the back bone, and the moment round, out comes the ‘Marseliaise,” 25 x weure dd’ \‘Trique go to Al . with bis army and the There Emperor is #1 be something looming in the our Crimean corres; lent resigns his adler hands, i am giad that I bave been to visit Sebastopol, the great battle stage contnry, where some five nations have acted thir cy pert before an audience of the world. few Americans have been bere, and unless they soon they will have to come in a private yaont, the way down via Moscow and kop, for municotion wil) be shortly st b 1 bad forgotten to mention that the Russians are tired of showing their friendliness for the A) The young Prince before siluded to invited mo to pitali.y of the Hissin te Baalbeo, and go with me to Liverpeoi say. that the army received 10,000 America, through Prussia, and that there were ne») hundred’ engineers and doctors, all American. Ruesian ranks, Another officer also observed were twelve ships being constra sted American dockyards; but of course 1 theee stories—I only mention what Tam tol, ip their Th get 53 i thf F i des ert ili Hi a » em! tan! 8 atonal j and in ih the fend the war. ili foarful loss of : i fi iFtF EE Bi