The New York Herald Newspaper, July 14, 1856, Page 7

Interesting from China and India, Letters of Our Correspondent “Young America,” Totercourse of the Huropean Continen- tal Mations with the Celestials. What Remaine to be Done by Anglo-Saxon Influence. TRADE BETWEEN CHINA AND SIAM, Some Views about the Perry Japan Treaty, Caleutta Soclety---Its Ladies, Warriors, Chiefs and Law Dignitaries, Hindoo Temples, Worship and Burn- ing of the Dead. THE MILLIONAIRE MERCHANTS OF INDIA. THEATRICALS AND OUTDOOR AMUSEMENTS, &k., &e., ke, Boarp Steamsuir -” pg i to Caleutta, } Feb. 27, 1856. Will American Trade with China Increase ?— What the Contmental Countries have Done— Their Commercial Intercourse with China and their Failures—Russia more Active—Intercourse with Siam—Novel Yankee Speculation—Anglo- Sazon Enterprise—How the Americans were In- troduced to the Chinese— Trade Statistics of Can- ton—What the People Pay for Opium—Tea Freights—How “Young America” can get in— Missionary Influence—What American Steam- ships may do—What the People Want and what they can Return. Will Sur commerce with China increase during the next ten years in the same ratio as it has daring the past? I believe it will, Why should it not? What will prevent it? So far comparatively no- thing bas beenaccomplished. France has done lit tle in China but te copy tNe English treaty. Her foreign trade in the Bast is not commensurate with her territory, ber population or her energy. When the European agitation has subsided by conquest or ignobdle peaceen-one side or the other—for I can | tell you hardly iook for haltway measures—will not the | head of the French throne turn his attention to the | imperial kingdom, where the fruit is all ready to be plucked? Germany and the independent States have been more active in the two great staples, but the whole Continental commerce with the Eastie but.a dropin the bucket. Holland threw up her cards centuriea ago. Who can forget that singular embassy in 1656 to the imperial city, where the Dutch Minister ‘was announced with the crack of a ‘long whip, ‘wabered into the presence of Majesty end kicked out again in less than eight minutes. As neutral power, her enterprising merchants may grasp some of the carrying trede, but aside from:this little Hol- land is contented with her greater possessions in the Indian Archipelago. Portugal has nothing but the Lorehal of Macao—Fernand D. Anderdu made the first treaty with the Viceroy of Canton, afew years after Columbus found a Western continent. This merchant captain in 1517, got his fleet ofeight ships under way for China, and the Portaguese capture of some pirate junks 80 pleased the Emperor, that he gave them the sterile peninsula of Macao, which for three hundred years was the sole mart of European commerce. Portugal is commercially dead. Russia is more active. Before Peter's time she sent embas- sies to Pekin, and since the day of the Emperor ehipbuilder she has kept up the connection, made several treaties and grasped considerable territory. The treaty of 1728 still gives the Russians power, and with the secret policy of the twe nations to stop ‘inquiry, few can tell the extent of that inland traffic. The Russian supply of linens, cloths, vel- vets, soap, salt, hardware and many other articles mast be immense; for it is a barter trade, they taking im return rice, silks and brick tea—e coarse, cheap ‘article, made into the shape cf a brick. Where po- oan so..iminense commerce mast be of no ‘ magnitude. Who can tell but what many of the manufactured goods that Russia teok from “ag- laud im payment for her Kewp, feathers, leather, A&C., tou ir way overland to Mayol, Dartary and obi Even now the Kussiaus heve a coliege at the Chine-e capital, where ten scoulars from St. Petersburg and Moscow are taught tae cowt lan- guage Of the Chivese, 80 as to act us interpreters aud ambursadors. ior a long time the Emperors -kuowledge of what was passiag ia the Hurupeaa world was o from the Hussian=, who now the Amoor and much of ita oorder lands. Aithough she my, however, obtain an .coreased in- lund tratic, her maritime commerce must be small uptil her policy ie changed. ‘The outive islanders in the China and Ladian seas, trituwry and otherwise, will continue to despatok their huye native craft Lesween the several ports us heretwtore, aud the atwence 01 stutistics shuts uut ali knowledye of its extent, but it is known to be im- meme. Foreign ships are now Leiug owaed by Chi- hamen and Hinme, sailed by Bocopean captains. Thave learned indirectly, bat oounot eudorse the report, that on errangemont ha» been made by a0 American mercbant of Shanguae-—who is now awd has been ome months the gacst of his Murty the Kicg of Siam—to take that distiaguishe 1 potentate wto the aturesaid merchant's firn as a jopier pare al Harris will have to negotiate through a fellow coustryman. now at Penang. waiting for the S.n Jaci him into the presence of black kiag. is m her dotage, cad will have all she wants to do Wo tuke care of Cube aud the Philippines. land and America, then, sre le.t to resole , Commercialize ang naturalize tue Celewuale. Engtiso pluck and Amerigen enterprise united, sad what can stop the Angloraxous’ progress! fbus far compara: vély novkiug bee been ace uaplisbed in China. Fourteen yeucs bave passed since the war, and clipper ships have had their day oi proutable freights. ‘Oue hundred millions of dallare ia a smal! ace for Western merchants to invest in so extenst¥e a country, and only five or six berdred anglo-Saxom, at the most, are scattered aloug the Chinese voastas | commercial ner en Blizatcth first tried to intro duced Engiaud te China about the time that Wa. we Was writing himself immortal. [a 1606 the virgin sovereign wrote her Grat diplomatic let ter to Emperor of Chins, in favor of her mosten- terprising sabjecto— Richard Allot and Thowaa Blomfield, werhan' ta sterm turn ed the abip out of whe track, aad the letter never was delivered. In J513 the Bast Jodia Com firet gut a taste for Ob'na trade, and little by lite increased their pewer ad gut the entire monopoly, which they held iP i8s4, when we trade was *hrown apen to ail, Lerd Napiers Meatnent, the eextructian of opinm, cue war and peace, | have already spaken oi—eo much for England's progress im the trade. \merica ip 1786 sent ber tirstohip—a 360 ton versel—aud her navtrality during the twenty ’ war turned the intretuction to good account. ta ana the freighting of foas to Hollaod in Yao kee veseels, daring Napotoon’s succes, inereased the extent of ovr commerce; but {on 1821 it was codden- ly stopped by the accidental deuth of a China wo- man, by ad Americas sador deopying & pot on her head. Howgna, the well known Hong werchaat, did his beet to adjnet {Le marter, bat not ttt the man was given up and prangled vulese the walls vy the Ohincee anhorities wat tue trade resumed. The Aains oclug as Saperca: goes, bought tens direct ly feom the Chinese seilers, « nd they wd «a fow ef the off mercbaute—Reoseeil and © \ers—hed the eream of the trade, eepectelly daring the war. Another misinderstanding wutred im ist, by the American Uva a! erecting & vane iets on the top of kis flag pole, whi caused eat exciiement among tie Ctwueee, and iad to ve taken down at once. Cai? was the year ia whioh the United States government eeut the expensive embasay io Cirina, amd Our prose it Atverney ‘eit erel, Mr. Cushing. prepared che paper with judg- went and care. ‘Lhe Obinese had previously pro- mised Commodore Kearney, efore the Nenkin tresty was signed, that Ameria should bave the game concessions. Other mértisters Lave since sent to China--Bvey’ Maclene, Marshalt Rev. Dr. Parker-— hit little bas been do » inorey our trade or exuial oir Comer oka teen reached by any ' 'M } F yer ships in Pfound “here i i E “ere is only one way, and that is by England and pulling together when they talk over ewal aud alteration of the treaty, close at hand. Diplomacy by notes willde no good unless you have a frigate at your back—firmuess and deci- Sion are wanted; and the question arises, are Sir Jobn Bowring and Dr. Parker the men for the time? Are they the right ministers for the right Peyet There are many in China who think not. ‘The missionary influence is not a popular one, and such men, they say, are apt to be led astray by Chinese ciomacy and in discussing the treaty, too much trophy and humanity will spoil every- thing. Say to them, open your ports or take the conse- uences. “Tis the only way to touch the Capone ‘ork in unison, each endoise the other; call their attention to the late war, galling as it may be, and say to them that the day hae arrived in the world’s history when nations are in duty bound to spon their leas and receive a minister at their capital. believe,and ye shall receive; but you must put the matter in a way not to be misunderstood; and rather than fight again the Tartar monarch will throw open the empire, as he did the outer gates in 1842, There ia no other way. ‘Try it, ye states- men of the West. - The fact is, the Western nations think but pre cious little of , apy way. They drink the tea and use the silks, and sometimes read the newspaper in- telligence, but aside from those interested in the peas welfare and in the business of the few ners out here. Bend and the United States little whether country is opened up or of course, is at If nothing is done immediatel: ron steamers il I can but think that a taste for suc! crease; and once get our boats in the interior, and what a field for enterprise! the steamboat extent at which our mac! our ¢1 , our enti would be employed! It is impos. sible to reflect w the complete change would bring about. Why, all the , ail the steam boat men, all the Vanderbilts and the Laws of the day could not supply the raveneus 3 and the same remark applies to many other natiens, us once settle on some of the riversand canals in the country, and look out for what follows. 1 have been informed by some of the leading merchants that raw silk can be taken to land, manufactured by British workmen, and brought back to China, un- derseliing the Chinamen on their own ground, the oamme as fiagiand bas done with our cottons, not- witbstanding all oar ivenesa, cheap labor and capital, now too much for as; andif wo mich for us, China has little chasce. The same thing has been done in India; native etapics have been made up in England, and alter making the two are resold again to the natives, show- rity of steam and genius over the anship of native races. Jhina can many quantity, aud wea tis world leas, thove can be aupplied ad c m comes in largely from Bouway. ‘wmnot Aimerica one of these days fud a market tor be raw joulerial, besites Kegland aad the Cou- tiveat’ If so mach cotton has Leen fereed upon the Chinese on the eraboard in payment for tess auc silke, what will be the trade hy aud by? Tho Une here are cmphaticaily a commercial people, and when they ean luprovement they are not apt to let it go past them. Some of the merchants own Evrepean veevels—perbaps one of these years junke will be entirely supereeded. Another iiapor- taut brane) of trade, eottou manufactares, and silk vorks olso, must bo ings Joeed, aad many of the im provements of the uf ‘¢ arma, (this will not meet the views of the peace Congrers) one of these days, will be w i in any quantity. Lean already ree some of e. ‘ lougbing at me for my wild potions, end for w ¢ upon & country after six fence, ing, a it were, to roper'y beyond. But laughing or net, those Wiead. then ines ja Chine Stor the New Youx +LD is the only paver | ever see abroad—wili give me credit for asking a4 many quevtions in a given time as any other counting house toarist who ba: been swong them. 1 can safely assure them that 1 have not lacked the geaas of guining iaformation from thove more conversant with the cowntry than myseli, and must be pardoned for any egotiow { may have displaye 1; bat, pred npon it if the changes, litical avd commercial, which I aave refer to e, are carried out-—whieh they must in the ¢ use | of bwman events inevitably be—tien the vast ond Hlimitable wealth of this wordecful country will be thrown open te the Western world. ‘ Cavowrra, Moreh 1, 1856. Trip fro) Hong Kong to Catcutia— Scenes Along the Indian Coost A Submarine Diver Operat ing in the Nasi—Reminrencee af Japm—Valu: of the Perry Treaty—Arrwal in the Moogly R» rer—Steam Competition Belwooen India uni Chine—.Cost of ‘he Voyages ‘The several envelope: mmiled at Hong Kong and Singapore will beve given you, same weeks sia.» ‘the notes and observations whics I made in pawiny theough the China sea ports. The lust letter war, written coming. dowa the (bina seas, and containe a remand of the tinencial, political, social and ¢ « mercial position of the Celestial kingdom, based «pon whet I bad reen, heard aud read dermng my few weeks soionrn there. On the l4th of Febroory Jar. dine’s oplam olipper, the Fiery Cross, steamed out of Hong Kong harbor for Cc! -utta, stopping at Sings pore on the way to coal, and everything t fair for » good me aad a prosperous voyage. Only ae pastengers, and two of thea New Yorkers, «igh. reeing, Wke myself’, in the Easwrn hemisphere; cix passengers only, and a large cebic most comfort ably arranged and officers as 0) ying a8 they were competent of managing so beautiful a boat. At the start I looked for @ pleosaut tbat l mast roy, for neo, I war fairly behind baad ia my ant aipations; for, although au old stager fur @ young | men in the steam pockets and ssiliag clippers of the Weetern waters, | never remember of passing a inere agreeable fortnig vt or of making @ pleasorter trip. i less than five days we were alongside the coo! wharf at Si we, Aa When again under way, mu weeks sojourn on the | two days later, we loft the Straite of Siaganoe in the hack ground, took 9 tern through the river wer. ber and pawed ont of the Piveo channel into the firwite of Malacca, Where eavtifal islands worn | dotted over the water, uke err dd fowel: aa hob meking everything look piotarer ane iv natore, The highlands of Penang overlooked the Jadlan or —we wore some tbitty distant and to yer . ret i, 1 wry hat ony | the Cape in sixty NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JULY 14, 1836. steamer goes on without a call, for all ee this selgnd. _7ai0s con sive that a hundred pilota was not considered too and ah: many to escort the world’s shipping up and down the crooks and turns, over the mud poin's and saad shoals, and through the winding channels of that bugbear of the foreign shipowner—the Hoogly. Bteamtug after steamtug—some with one, some with two or three deeply Jaden merchantmen—were hourly passing ont to sea; and London Indiamen and American clippers were continually heaving in sight, most of them in bailas', bound in to get a cargo, and waiting for seme steamer to come to their assistance. I counted no less than eleven steamtug boata towing out during the morn- ing we passed up, and several ships were try- ing to get out without a steamer—a danger- ous and doubtful economy, when they can be obtained, for the time lost woald fully pay the tonnage. Almoat all the way the leadsman seemed busy wirh the lead, and the--“‘steady,” “port,’s and “starboard” of the gold laced pilot—all done by hand motion from the paddlebridge—reminded as continually of the most dificult navigation of the river; but from the few ships that are lost here, I am led to suppose that either the pilots are the best in the world, or that the navigation is not so intri 4 = 5 z z J i glad to pay all bilis of schooner, buoys, cables and provi the adventure. Should ¢ get into the vault, he will make his fortane in a ehort fins fox the amount is some hundreds of thou Onur Japanese Consul and Stam Ambassador, I D oned fn my last, I think, is at Penang, waiting patiently for the San Jacinto to take him to Ban- 'y kok. morn! 2 sg Ms Ad pre Se fg Oe ae cate as isthe general belief. The question of open- jotted down in my notebook few lines, telling his | ing another mouth of the Ganges—the Motlah—has experience among the Japanese, the substance of | lately teen mpoted, and nautical men, and the com- which was eel oD} 5 ; in the Greta, with stores for sale to the Ui Btates | mercial commnnity, are strong in recommending it, while the pilots wage a war of words in repeat ing the dangers and difficulties of the undertaking. One eide asserts that all that is required is the ac_ tion of the Honorable Company—only say the word, say they, and ships of the largest tonnage, and est depth of water, can find their way along e wide c! el, even without a pilot; and if the monsoon is fair, without a steamtug, to within thirty miles of Calcutta, where a railway can be- constructed, or a canal made, at trifling expense, to squadron on that coast, as well as an assorted cargo for the new markets of Simoda and Hakodadi. March, arrived at the latter nothing could be put , nothing sold. started for Simoda, arriving there in July, found the shipwrecked Rassians of the flagship Diana, and A aed to take them to Agan—getting permission to land the cargo in a temple on the shore. The Dutchman remained on shore at a vil- lage about a mile inland, waiting for hia vessel to return; but it will be remembered that Captain Fortescue, of the Baraconta, gallantly bore take the ja to and fro, thue doing away with the upon the little and unoffensive craft, and made hima- | 1 - self famous by taking out the Russians from the Sneek Paste ees ee very much lessening the port charges on ship; which are now about five dollars to the ton, no sat neutral vessel,and bearing her away a prize to how large or how small thevessel. The subject looks Hong Kong—the ouly feat performed by the all.ed fleet during the three years’ cruise about this part | eo well that the pilots begin to feel alarmed; they have of the world. ‘The Dont paneecete wa thus left | held the m 'y so long, as civil servants, that alone awong this singular people, and, in conse- | they do not consider it ne to be over civil to quence of the loss of his vessel, was allowed to two those that employ them. For centuries they have ruled the channel, for I think the estab- lishment was formed as early as 1669, But the taritf of charges would seem to be a dead letter, where you have to” pay the pilot that takes you out @ bonus, or gratuity, of from fifty’ to one hundred and fitty dollars per ship over the ed rates. No wonder the East India Rampaay ste accused by those who do ae understand workings of their system barter some of his cargo, and finally purchased a small 4 merican schooner that came there to trade, and embarked in her for Koug Kong, with the rich assortment of Japanese notions which he had col- his nine months’ stay on the island. A portion of these goods were sold at Hong Kong, at very high prices. The balance must have reached New York by this time, having been shipped direct for that city inthe Indiaman and Fi ving clip- blic auction. You will thus to be sold at icanery, bribe: fare an op) of seeing for yourselves the =e you make ‘he figlthsase ‘ond AN latest im: ions from Japaa, and, save the small | pilot, you are painfully aware that unless the cargo at California, the only one ever made on an | present or bond is given to the honorable pilot, your Sore ee oom Lf wy ape ship, when din. Ss Ronn bones at be Sone» adiary, this iuprestione of this strange vanieel pape a 7 aaoenie ain his { : a dollar. Now, as a J: 4 Sice wy 33 cents, the banks is orate ead uninterest- ‘or onethird of an doliar, ng, only beeen ty an group of natives Perry should have got three times 1,600, or 4.800 | at , or by the ields, a few eash to the American dollar, for as it is itmakes the reel Gancting soe lindoo temple, a “exchange Sak oe cent egainst us. Who says | village of thatched uncomfortable looking native the Japanese are not well up in exchange?—st any | huts, or the European bungalow of the rate better posted than the gallant Commodore? As | officer, who boards you a long way down, so that itis, Crag woeh haben tye Rng ye Sach aon nothing can be landed without goods: there goods would only cost fifty Japanese steamers in the river and aucient temples and Indian Hare; but according to the treaty, says Libdorf, | towns on the banks broke the day’s monotony antil we I had to pay fifty American dollars, or one hundred | reached the foliage covered banks of the and fifty Japanese dollars, filty of which the govern: | to Calcutta. Bungalows and beautiful trees, of great pose pecs Seapets gamendgee hae ge size, reminded us of our ximity to the city, and cg ogre the remaining one hundred when we the bend th the Fiver, and a etal ing tex upon the infaat commerce. | reach, aud the beautiful Oriental residences occupied Therefore, nothing wi er can be accomplished | by pensioned Rajahs and salaried officials, until a new treaty is made—and that @ treaty of | merchant and the professional agent, all of which commerce—which Consul Harris may beable to ac- | buildings were hidden from sight by complish when backed by a few substantial men ot | trees and shiubbery; when we saw the castellated war, but not without. During the nine months | pile of buildings, known as the Bishop's College: spent in the Liihdorf was not able to obtain | when we counted some six or seven steamers an interview with the government. - Everything hac | laying ide the P. and 0. ia cain ont sheds to be done b; Ceorepenetene: Sans Hees Seem, a quarter of a mile long; when the magnificent fleet eu » wil be pul in the work, which, if | of shipping, arranged in lines by the Harbor well written—and he seems an intelligent man— | Master, as far as you can trace them, the will give @ better insight into the babitsand cus | masts towering high in air, as thick as pines in the toms: Jay ‘anything we have ever had. | Western forest, aul the city burst open t» our view, Leaving the flower fields of the straits, we htrried | with its amalgamated mass of Bu and native along our coune, geneeaby steaming, and sailing | dwellings, ~¥ aud godowns, church steeples, twelve knote by the log, ig the Great and | monuments public buildings, higher than the Lite pe nem hones ee ae the a rest, or least conspicuous among the others—when ¥ honoral com| tried form a peru blow Tettlement for Indian eriminals; but the first lot- | “ypfSanw-now..o8 Seam, and beard the words, “half speed” and “atop her,”’ given from the bridge, pei me gf ey hd on ey Portes bg close, and that the far fe City of Palaces was at last before us, and I was anxious to get ashore, for there scemed to be some half a thousand carriages poor wretches !—only outlived their jailers a weeks, for the climate proved deadly to beth the white man and the Indjan—more deadly than Java when Lord Minto arst anchored at Batavia, o: Hong Keng, when the English first planted the | driving up and down the of the river—a Britieh tag there. perfect holiday of gaiety. In six day* frou Singapore we reached the Hoogly Boatmen are as importunate here as in China, and and anchored opposite the tiger joogle oF Sanger Soon after our pilot came oo board, in orter te send up the private desjmiches of ibe firm, so the they may get them hours, aud if needs be, dys fr — bles con! Ls ype one clamors for a fare; ard if you are not careful, your inggage will get into as many banda as it woah on sine cab men at Albsny. A quarter of a dollar, was tcl, advenoe of the other merchants; for arise or fall ir | was too much to pay the captain of bis six oured the opium market makes or breaks fa the end | boat for t ing these of ta peel but really I had Mevsrs. Jardine, Matherou « Co. have twoof their | not the o we ta give the poor naked devil less. beautiful steamers runsiug mon ay between Houg Kong aod Caloutta, taking whet feign offer only occasionally passenger’. ‘Lue onject of firm wee to vei advices in cdveuc’ of otaers, Once on ah. to walk, ae no dusiy nomen: Viduels, who, a we beaded for Spence’s Uoiel, t riaves were at hand. After escorted by abou ai ws L conld di Of course rreetes jealousy, ead honed no one Wii | Herfecly wills to oul us ‘heir w cana Ship opium in thers (ours warn other olitiol | Eourigcration, wo found. Rpenves-—av hotel Of iu ances offer; he ime the y Orose cam: | mense dimensions, and aa little vomfort us could be with unly ® thousand chests a loving busines | erpected. Bech cal arg fort aa could he where the expenses can’t be wnch @ voyage, or, aay $240,000 a year, and eight dollar is about the freight per chest ror opt but shoule the owners fill the ship whew the China market | edvancing, then they care litte whether freight o fers or pot. ‘There boats, the Fiery Crosa nud Landsfelt, we bnilt in Glaagow, by Napier, some treive oreich months ago, at a cost of some £45,000 each— con structed of iron, ever to the shrouds, and, { think the wosts. ‘Their tonnage, outside the tnachinery, is only agm. 420 tons, and, nominally, they are of three hand “ horse power, waich the Inver says can be workex up to fifteen hundred. Tiey make the age from Hong Koog to Calcutta, stopping at the hal way port, in twelve daye—abort the Conard ant Coiline time between Englaud and America. This Of course, is with the fair monsoon. from Hony Kong to Singapore the distance is about 1,459 milee if whatia termed the rack ie taken, and I 4s0 if the outside. The entire distance to Calcutta is pu down at 9,169 miles, and it taker « thousand tons oF coal both ways. On her trist trip the Fiery Cros: made 14) knots, and Capt. White, ber gentlemanly commander, aay oe her oat from Glasgow round The qvickest dao ———— nae eS el After hay to up with the niegardly eccow soedstions of tho 50 sreomers, {i was most re freshing to come booming down the Chins seas in » man's private yacht, whee courtesy and com: | space and good fare were in marked contras: | to the reat contract steamah The Parsoes, who | have Ce pag yen ton the Baropoan mere ot | the piofit.of opium trade, seeing that Jitdi hod the Jest dates all to themselves, have showu bhan 9290) ‘he house was crowded. Lord Dathovsie’s imme- diate departure and Lord Canning’s expected ar- riva! had completely filled every private und public house in the city, aid | was obliged to put up with a coulhole of u room, iu an outside wing on the gronud floor, without window, or even a Sask in the door—sara washbowl, chalr or turaiture, and & musqvite curtained bed, that would have given a well bred dog the hydrophobis, it was so unelean, You may imogine that my debut ashore thet aight would, to some extent, remove the favorable impres- sions of the day; and they did, for 1 was already disgusted. The next day however, | waa better natured, for after I bad delivered my letters T found @ pleneant home, and 2 most comfortable suite of epartmenta wee ploced at my disposal by one of the old merchants of Caloutta, whose resy i firm has stood the biaste of Caleutta panic for a qvaiter of a century. In a few days I was also made au honorary inember of the celebrated Benga! Club, which gives the entree the bun vivanis of the place; but the formality of introducing, secondiag and voting coreumed alm #t all the time I had « parte Lefore the sailing tue fsteamer; I therefore contented myself with looking at the tartles in the tank, looking over the papers in the reading room, tabie. Even the usua) Saturday evening dinner—the grand affair of the week—! had to torago, for other engagements claitacd the promixes which I had mac ae. The Nubia le to leave on Sunday morning, the 9th, sad T have paid font hundred and fitty dollars for my parenge to Bucz, and [ymust, therefore, no* logea moment of my time in roaming through the vy py Calcutta. First, to the Royal Mint, and ladies are to cecompany ua, for my kind Py ae OT ST So ‘ole host has got the required permit,and will go over Gentes ee Lhakiailon tae eine peg tap lone Se pat ng to show us > operat.ou of the an rae By ‘The boat esuaily leaves Nothing but epece and size marks the build the rusty lo kiog sides show the necessity of a coat of paint, From room to room—commefiting with the gold end silver ingots ae they are taken from the strong boxes ia which taoy bad been sent frum Kngland end the Continent, by sailing clippors, or most get toy by overlaad naeil—and ending with be beattiond coin, all shining from the die. I saw the Mint at I'hiledelpma, but did not have the time ‘o go throngh it. Here i have had the chance of eeiny cverything—and it isa remarkable pictare— for everything is done atives, whose bodies per on under — Red — ge jen pe makes them ie Her incaruate. In one Musexm, Floral Exhibition, and Great Men, &e. |} aparirent i saw them heating the silver ingots to « However conversant one may bo with ‘¢ history | ree hot +" — omy ae ea — © the and statietion, imports and exports of Calentta- ob. | 9 vil fo be cat in two tested, to detect any tained through the channel of booke, payers and eud; they are then t scother room and weigher; then they must be fi d and eat couversation—he is hardly prenared to fad (or + into strips md amamered at Jost tas mate of Hoogly #0 completely blocked op, a it were, wit nee: this wus after drey had been melted with shipping. Before our anchor found the bottom ae ne ARS Piles before our g'It edged pilot, wita his ompany of 1 6 the cutting of the pieces; about fifty sta ape, formed lendsmen, came alongside in titeir twelve Calcutte immediately after the teothly auction sale. These steamships bave een powerful com- ere, Company's line ee yore aud Fabby a diolar Oppedtion wor ve a goud edlect n the other side of Injis. Cavoutra, March 3, 1856 Trade of Caleutta—Immenae Fleet of Vessels— Pils’ Monopoly— Approach to the Cis —Tem- ples, Trees and Bungelowa—A Oily Hotel and City Crowd—Metropolitan Sights—The Mint s2ee mau ot eact: then they bad to be rounded off | we lghed, ane —— have to co through the lin of Woat, the rower lookin ote { Peres of cleaning, Polishing, arsarting, to eee if afl ian » fe pty p ater rahe ‘ets toes ave pe rect then ¢: mes the finieling touch of the die, 8 er bs when (ve device of the Past india Company, the va'ue jack than « part of the great bomen fully, we fof ie con, the date of the die, and the profil of conth, angainly, unintedectaal and omoovere: her weet 9 ex La aty Ae rapmansd "pea the ™ ” t 46 iver, @ DP © 6 m of mind fore the pilot brig, @ marked? cuatrart tothe clipper fie Nae. coining oe 5 on ote yaebts si the New York aud Boston plict service ve fare ony of the alen hy the coolies bad bore away for another vessel-loag \¢lore we ice, Cot pometawes the wre or writers and ore phant ve been found Mehonert; but ae ihe . Ut to each Jepartment, the ov itt a Bheid responsible for auv lowes, 1) , # sing!e cola is tulande i enced the toiegraph station, and deliv a realize that the commerce Of Calcutta was so exten- | or glancing at the books and periodicals cpoa the { 7 detected the parloiners have been known to ewal! his power, Ghoolam would have been one of tha moe’ ie ples, an resort to tho mast rvalng prac | Recetas the woslttes of all the Indien to the theft. two have just retarned Few instances of fraud have been found in rear- they were courted and sited. by and ranging the raw material, aud laca upon lace of ru- Peers—the most distinguished lions of the pees are tamed out every month, The poor opera. | day—but at Government H, + ves must be abortlived. for the intense heat of the in pablo: 3 that are beggars furnaces tarns the black men w! q lent upon an Foam the Mind wo deove to She Mani o¢ Aiate thoes eons en ae ad igh seg ea Soliant ching indian, ap mina elas Pi thelr densSheer Stagh aie hoc Singh—who sion of a badly collection of curiosities, | held their con brig it inemorable campaign Of course here oan be seen in that, most of ~ and oe Be eaeernowered PY wonderful world, the British Mu- on — Oh ee seum; and after explorin, in | ing through the battles of Chilliua Wi that roomy mass of there is little to be | 80d Gooje-rab—were finally brought to bay at Rawul said about the collection of Calcutta. The ancient | Pindee, where, after the Qbstinate war, they idols and tombstones, the antiquated Hindoo car- | Surrendered their sabres to Sir Walter Gilbert, the ty eee oo e religion were | able General who was made a G.C. B. and a Baro- of the most interest to me, for tho insects, | Ret for his bravery and judgment on that occasion. animals, fossils, stones, &c., &c., oF at many Shees een a an rere ary) 80 painfully hn- that were of the same family, I had seen before. , for they moved about the room in their Yes, there was one other most attractive, | eee ing before dhein Son ay Shrinking and that was a most ingenio executed f and cringing before their uerers, evineing the model, made by a native of famous Arcatest pleamure tm receiving the least attention that palace , Which the great ‘Shab } the ‘civilians in fee Fm. Their appearance erected to the memory of ‘and . | without shoes is by order of the Governor to plished consort—a perfect model of what I mogt | remind them eines Magra, and to show proper wished to see, but cannot undergo the task of hy empha the sway—this I am told iuland journey. ru plece of ancient is the custom of the land. This last tax upon their architecture, which the poet of New York | pride might, at least bave been passed over. for alls “a poem, the tablet of which are marble and | Why strike thenf while they are down? These Prin- the le jewels” --that , built of | Ces, it will be remem! , were the chieftains of the purest marble, more elaborate than the tomh of | the Punjeub, and their surrender ven the signe, af Akbar, or anything recorded in the romantic history conexieg. Ce great een to the British em- of Oriental eplendor--costing « dozen ladian f 4 Ameers of » I believe, are aiso and would have em) even Mr. Astor’s coffers | #mong the dark faces te. Other warriors as —for $15,000,000, says the ancient historian, was the | brave as they have been unfortuna captives. sum expended in the temple, which from | oF rather the victims, of Sir Chas. Napier, who, fol- base to dome is 262 feet inheight. Read once again | lowing the model o} on the lakes, and the ‘Lallah Rook,” and remember that this is the reat- | great Roman General, marked his despatch by its ing place of Moore's light of the Harem, the Nourma- vity. ‘The pun was too good to be lost, and the hal of the poem. Iam fortunate in even seaing a | ‘imple Latin word “ Peccan” went forward to the model of the enchanting tomb—the elegaut Yajma- | Governor General—J have scined. No more were hol, at ips The wor! ship of the model was like yr the work boxes of Bombay. This morning the annual flower exhibition came off, and the entertainment was most refreshii ing, for here you have in all they native beauty the many, shown me, but I believe there vere several other dis- tinguished chieftains, who were now but pensioners. ‘here were specimens of native schc» lars, men of great abilities as lawyers and advocates, present—men whose intelloct would lored, tl India, i measure argument with Western minds, and whose pes of Gnsetal pleat omeey eure hij “a ee in id vopapany : courts samp them Th bli i it ffer at- | W ie mark ol ius. sup) trae Bablle buildings did not especially offer tt | that Hor-Chunder Ghose, the native Judge of the small causes court, may be considered one of the most accomplished men of the time. His manners bespeak the gentleman, and he seems as familiar with the world’s history as those who make it their especial study; and the native counsei to the govern- ment, Rama Purshad Roy, is another ornament of t bar, and the confidence of all Hindoo college, where English is so quickly learned by the apt natives; the $150,000 English cathedral, were among the most prominent, after the Govern- ment House. Ihave been most fortunate in my arrival here, first, because the excessive heat of summer had not commenced; and second, on account of being here at , that most interest in Indian hi Ys wean ome in contact with him; and native two Governor Genesis are opeulne the doo of Ge. | bavkers and hative merchants are noticeable among vernment House to hospitality and the enliveament tal here—for there is Pursunnee ee Gountll, comin’ o€ the: tidhecs Dwarkacsie, we My invii says, “To meet Lady Canning,” and ancil, in ‘famous Dwar! » who Tam told that the entertainment will be on an ex- | Made such & furore when he arrived in London— tensive scale, as the city is full of civil and military | even petted by , and especially noticed by servante from all parts of India. More to-morrow, | the Queen, w ted him with her miniatare; or next day. and yet this man, I am told, was a greater acamp in his way than Tippoo Saib—for while he was mag Caxcorra, March 4, 1856. Calcutta Society—Entertainment to Lady Can- ning—The Ball and its Beauties— The Supper and Celebrities Present—Ladies, Warriors and Rulere—Eastern Costumes and High Dignita- riee—Lord Canning’s Rule, &c. My card of invitation said nine o’clock, and at ten my carriage was at the door; and although I thought I was too early, I found myself late; for, in one res- pect, we may follow instructively the East Indians’ example, and that is in keeping good hours. The entrance, in fact the several entrances, through the ing two out starve yots;, Gopal Ghose, a urerchant of kingly wealth, down with jewels “4 several gateways to the Palace, had a most imposing mninds and then » copsarsnce, both sites of ho tell mate reed boing | "REESN Ste Seats in, end wots inetd 0 Iimed with lamps of cocoanat oil, blazing from every | most seem so toa stranger, for the dresses of the’ in the ht a8 movel to the | Bative dignitaries at once attract the observer; and post grounde—a sight as ee ‘these, together with the gay uniforms of the Indian Chinese lanterns which so tastefully illuminate the | officers, sprinkled about the room, in marked con- gardens of the Shanghae merchants, when they wish | trast to plain black dress of the well paid civi- to give an entertainment on an extensive scale. Eu- | Han, os a Newport look to the entertainment; ot there owe for, with the heads of the army and navy, intermin- tering main doorway, were some led with a regiment of deposed }, and ladies hundred servants squatting in rows in the large en- Srased th toe present many fashions, you trance ball, dressed in more than all the colors of ge a yee te ata the dolphin or the rainhow—whether private ser- | "neh te ‘gan we, and pi wants or those belooging to the house, I did not | ofthe hand, or, where ‘not’ so well nequataten s learn, but could but notice their peculiar sitting pos- | farewell bow the distinguished man who, for eight years friends, I, ea it Goreme Fine ae pen we wo ul M vil admi liked the emeraldlooky but act & tree gives shade t the epee for they breed mosquitoes and barricade said dorse ture, like so many pelicans on a beach. Walking through the lower hall, passing at every time the Sepoy guard, we were shown up @ long staircase, and ushered into the reception room, without hav- ing oar games annonnced, a contrast to such enter- tainments in London, where your name is passed from mouth to mouth, more especially when your car- riage stops the way. On inquiry I found that » the the om! it was not the custom, and hastened through the | of the ds, and that was the miniature garden outer hall to see the dancers, whoee numbers fairly , where flowers and shrubbery in = crowded one of the largest halls I ever witnessed. iy. four huge. brick and mortar of Before joining in the dance I wished to have the “ions” of the evening pointed out, and I was a= larly fortunate in having for a companion ac- tae Miss -——, whose name I find Some No. 11 for a polka. Lord Canning, in a stiff k state dress, 6 at the head of room, in front of the chair of state—a native officer standing and there is nothing more er ges J more , while prome- nading from room room, than the luxurious pd Ma space and the parsimonious poverty of rniture. Lord Canning has launched his bark on the wave of Indian public opinion ; but he has done it clamaily enough— for I saw him land with over apd about him, and the canou ro ring from the reflected from the priamatic made eyes | fort: the state carri ted fi . ——— = aes oy T lost half ~ ig | Boble bearing horsemert of the ot one a danghter of Lord Dalhousie, was on the right, lead- | ‘nee General. Siuwly hs moved along the Sepey ues, which were ranged along on either aide of the roadway, from the Chand 1 Ghaut to Government House, where the great ignituries of the land were waiting to give him welvome. He gused vacaatly upon novel sight! bat even when passing Bu- ropean officers who salute him, and fair ladies who wave their bandkerchie a, thcre is no recognition army, Who wore upon his breast the medals offman; battles. The pe rote of tne Commanderin Chiet wos in the same ect, and received particular atten- tion trom the elegant aid-de-cam by her side. Nei- ther of these young dadies need ivok for their por- | laaits im the “Book ot Beauty.” Lady Caaning did 4 from his lordship while Lady Canning acknow! not dauce while I was present, bat rectining in too, the courte e i oyurtly style upon the regal chair, recived the he should ye re csaiere! yh A at conré trom her honored lord and the several distin poiched civilians and military officers present. The formality of her reception was freemiog, for that srivtocratio Low was more than an electric shock. Her dress was oi white tulle, over a white satin ekirt, we a cp with red roves, with a headdress of red velvet and pearls—not, in my opinion, elegant; but the blaze of diamonds compenated for what was wanung in taste. She still pomewes the marks of early beanty, but time and the dissipations af her exaked postion im Loudon have taken from the at- \ractions of youth. I found more amaxemeut in’ | premenading throngh the wide ways, and in reticing the cliqneish movements of the | cucets, than in dancing. In the outer | yoom, Lord Dalhousie wos receiving his friends, bat seidova Tose trom the oouch without showiag that too much exertion gave him pain, for phyrically, is coa- stitction is shattered by .creditury aud other luveirun- ting Jiseases; bat bis mind, strengthen 4 with the Knees of the body, qjaunistrative ability and de- nof chetacter are stamped upon his countenance, and fudging frem lis features be must be ewpable or | bearing great mental labor. Poor man, what is eli | bis greatness, with i!] health iacurable, al vaya stanug bin in the face. Notwithstanding tae exer- tiou ct the Pemkehs, the roums wore oppressive! and the dancers found more color in thelr le cheeks than they had noticed for many a general rule their comp: xion was not improved by the addition. The masic of the well | orgunized banda at the extreme etl of the dancing | joon, waa most exbilaratiug, and served ty give the only animation the formaty of the ball allowed. Later laaw a nificant movement of the great leaders towards stairs, all pairing off with punectilious ceremony, and following on | found my- | eelf in the eu; room, a :ooms evea larger than the | selvon, the tables arranged ater the suape of three- fourths of a square, and @ long one in tue entrance aisie adjoining, and seats and plates for at least af- teen hnndred guests; and yet were many who remained withoat a pa. myself among the rest, for | was two busy in noticing the movements of those around me to look out for number one. Ameri- Government House his manners are formal, oven mecting his acquaintance Lord Dalhousie. Pablic opinion is de@a in indi.,elee most cermioly there would be more avimation and less colduess in a state recoption. How different all this looks frou the Anglo-Saxon customs! A few months, and if he shares tie tate of those who have gone before him, Lord Canning will be the best abaved wan ia Inuia, for the young Bergaliats are radicals. CaLoorta, Moreh 6, 1356. An Evening Drive—Glorious Sunset--Scenes in the Suburbs of Caleutta—A Glance at the River --Forts on the Banks—Notabilities Out Riding ~—Lord Dathourie’s Departure. The esplanade, more than all else thas far ia the Pengal capital, has left the most lasting imoression on my mind—when the sua chute off his baring brightnese-—just before twilight has let her curtain down, and pinned it with a star—when the ladian day baer departed, and the indian evening ia born. About the hour of 5 o'clock the stranger is intro- duced to a scene of gaiety and gla tness—a nictare of Oriental aud Anglo-Saxon life that it would be difficalt to cross from off the momory’s tablet. Iam bo enthnsiast, nor ean [ paint—my yout! has besa buried among the dry Iares of comimerce—the cobweb realities of the counting house—tho invoice, the ledger, and the ship--and now, on the restless diifting of never-ceasing change, | am parchasing dearly enough by absence from my family, my fret draft of Orientsl customs and Indian habits. The evening drive, however, as delightful as it is strange, would make me forget my rommisaion account, were not the familiar names of ciippor ships always before me as they range along the anehoraze. all there is of Evropewm and Western We in Calcutta is reflected Da) , Aaerican biseaite and Americ: porto reality, the Taxaries of the table, especiallp every evening om the Course; and as I lay off so to me; but everything that money cau purchase in | lozily in my barouche, I ean but contemplate the the East helped to ornament the banquet and ad- minister to palate; but the most conspicuoas dish of on Indian table ia ouary, in as many forms aa there are castes in Bngal. Bat that dish is never seen apon the supper table. ‘The banqact hall was too largo to be aderned, and the neste too numerous to enjoy the.nselves, aad the enpper i off with only the motions of the caters and the rattling of tne plates and knives, for thero was not a sentiment given from the noble est et the head of the hal!, not even the health of the Queen. Aa silently as they entered they lott the table, end again tne re are on the floor; bot I em aetamong them, for I find pecaliar interest in watching the motions of the State prisoners, and Citinguished natives, who, dressed ia the pict resqte cortame of their conatry, had been jwvited to partake in the festivities of those who had broaght teem to their present humiliating position. Kings, | Princes and Raji ba, or their descendants, were there | towing and cringing andes thé iron rut of mills wy There was the gi scene so singularly besutiful. ik. Marvel should have driven on the Course after he had been brood- ing over his rea coal fire, There was the holy river coursing far up above the city, far away beyond the suburbe-—past the hunting fleids of the flerce Mab- rattas—winding ita macy coils through the palace gardens on ita sacred banks, past the umbrageous banyan, the palm, the sycamore aad ovcoa trees, past heathen temples, resting cader the corrnding influence of climate and of time; and as {t loses itself in the distance far beyonu Banackpore,a: | yout imagination tices it beyond your vieional reach, tortrring its Lends through the vast possessions of the nonomb!s company an’ the paidy fields that give so mar y inillions nourichmen'—pest the wheat and the cv and the indigo plantations—ntar where the ROPey Llosecms “nder government stimalants, to vaise a poWeds aon of the great war few more lacs to the army, no matter Hor and chief who 90 lang opt Sie Bin fian'es vay | bow. sret the wiay that every hon Of plum in fis almost impenetrable fasinesses that nature | may occasion in the seaport ‘ams the Celestial had made for him, and also in that stronghold | Em the Zemindase, © power Korypean architects mast have drawn the | grituie the tife blood ont of the poor ryot at Seringepitem Tippoo Sultan, the aon of the | of twelve doWars per ancumt. without rations, or y Ali, Gheolam Mahomet, aud his son | house, or home (the lion's #hare of which finds (is were the desvendants of thow groat to the Bengal treweary)— worse in some in- * everstions ats, ware te terror of | st hay the Loerees of "Tincke Tom’ WRN S” Sa Baie R et, hak an a 4 % a ayy