The New York Herald Newspaper, July 14, 1856, Page 4

EW YORK HERALD. oe * JANES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND OPFICE ¥. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON SYS. written, by our correspondent “Young America,” whicla will be found highly interesting to the mer- chant, the tourist, the botanist, nataral historian and clergyman—in fact, to every class of our readers. The United States sloop-of-war Vinceanes, Com, Rodger, arrived at this port yesterday from Tahiti. The V. is the flag ship of the expedition sent out to MS, cash AEB res sens. explore the North Pacific and China Seas. ‘perf Great Briain, oF io any pari af fee Gontinent, | AD important movement with reference to the mewn, Presidential question is in progress among the Ger- stad fray utr Pye ‘wile | mans, Recently, at a meeting of delegates of the Beets ret er, so QamIGH ConnusroxrEsTs 4X8 | German Turnverein Associations of New York, New Jersey and Connecticut, held in Williamsburg, in which twenty-eight organizations were represent- ed, it was reported that all the secieties were in favor of the election of the republican can- No. 194 | Gidate to the Presidency. It appears that there nanan are sixty thousand Turners in the United States, but seven thousand of whom reside in the slave States. In New York and New Jersey they number ten thousand, all of whom, with the exception of about ten hundred, are in favor of Fremont. The value of foreign goods imported at the port of Boston during the week ending July 11, amount ed to $1,319,165. The cotton market was quite firm Saturday, with sales of about 1,000 a 1,200 baits, based upon mid- dling uplands atabout 1ljc.@ lijc. Flour declined WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Broxdway—Ersiorux Mie | About 10c.a 15c. per barrel, and in some cases a peee—Tas Masqwansse Bens. greater concession was ctaimed, while transactions ESLLER'S EMPIRE 306 Broadway—Parnionie em Maceisncous Tasieavx—Mveidar SoinnEs, 4c. demand and moderate sales. Canadian prime white RF GALLERY, 497 Broa¢way—Varcama 4 901d at $1 8, and common at $1 65, anda lot of Prey ree hie Ry choice Genesee white at $1 90. A cargo of hand- some new white Maryland wason the market and held at $190. A small lot of good new North Carolina red was also offered for sale. Cora was in light supply and prices were firm, with moderate sales at 56c. a S%v. for distilling lets, 60c. for prime “No NOTICE taken of anonymous communications. We do B PRINTING czeculed with neatnass, chapman and de VER TISEMENTS renewed every day. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, STBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway—Youno HeNGLar ON THs Sreur Rore—Les Angiiies—Magic Taewrsr. ¥ THEATRE, Bowery—Doxvey & Sox—A Dar wm Panis—Fouyst Kose: BROADWAY VARIETIES, 472 Broadway—Incowak, THE Baneakiay, aNd PaxTuENts, THB GaeEK Maen, PRENCH THEATRE, Chinesd Buittings, 539 Broadway— Ozar pe Russie CuARPenrRR, ov LB BOURGMESTRE DE ‘La Decovverrse vp L Amexique—Sovs tx Bac ps Mew York, Menday, July 14, 1656. Matts for Ewrope. EW YORK HERLLD—EDITION POR EUROPR. ‘The Cunard mail steamship Canada, Ceptain Lang, will Beave Boston on Wednesday, m noon, for Liverpool. ee eee eee enn arxi small lots Southern white were reported at S6c. gp rowers ; ak end French will be | * 67. Rye was firm at 85c.for Northern. Pork Published at ten o'clock im the merning. Single copies, was heavy. Mess sold at $20 94, with retail lots at tm wrappers, sixpence. 4 $21. Lard was firm, with sales ef abeut 1,200 bbis. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the J prime, at 12jc.a 12}c. Freights were irregular for New Yor« Hunaxp will be recotved at the following places { Liverpool and London, with lightengagements. To fm Europe:— Havre they remained without chagge and with light ‘Loxpox—Am. & Buropean aqoven Oo,, 17 and 38 Cornhill. engagements. Pams— 4 > =e Liles Livsrroo1—_ do. 10. yum! street. nor—Magn!. Hunter, 12 Brohange sireet, East. Our Next Gove: \ficent Machinery | mastnrepeprangtel pan aula ae <2 Bow You ute. ‘will embrace the news received by mail and telegraph at One of the greatest elements of political power he office during the previous week, and to the hour of | and corruption in this State, isin the new, ex- ‘pabiication. tensive and formidable conrbination of the mana- gers of the Central Railread. As now consoli- dated, this concern represents a capital of forty millions, and its numerous financiers, operators, organs, drummers and runners are liberatly dis- tribated among the three principal parties of the The News. ‘We publisked in Sunday's edition a brief telegra- phic despatch from New Orieans giving important datelligence from California, Oregon and Nicaragua, eeeeee ere omer Dame Sreneien, State—the republicans, and the bard and soft de- ‘There nad been no decrease of the excitement in mocracy—with here and there a scattering Know San Francisco. The Vigilance Committee continued | Nothing. Thus fortified upon every hand, which- in active operation. Six more rogues ‘had been | ever party may be successful this vast and over- banished from the State, and orders to arrest others | shadowing railroad menopoly is, to a great ex- had been issued. The force and matériel of the | tent, insured against the usual contingencies of Oommittee comprised ten regiments of men, six defeat. thousand stands of arms, and thirty pieces of The President of this censolidated monopoly is eannon. Books bad been opened, in which the | ©B¢ Of the principal leaders and managers of the ™ ite “estan by tt 4 soft democracy, a bright and shining candle in {| their church, whose light is not hidden under a Btrong breastworks have been erected in front of} Lonel: the Vice President of this lovely combi- ‘the Committee's headquarters, and on the adjoining | nation is a hard, and one of the chief directors of Buildings cennon were planted, to repel any | this speculating copartnership is a conspicuous attack from the Governor's forces, which, to the ‘| republicdin, and all the more conspicuous from wumber of a few hundreds only, were encamped | being Thurlow Weed's first choice for Governor. mear the city. The Governor had visited Benicia to | All these parties and partizans are a band of bro- procure arms from the United States armenal, but | thers in the great cause of this gigantic financial General Wool, the commander of the Pacific depart-'| *heme, which is the Alpha and Omega of their mt hay, mua ne ot demand | Pol igs ad mana, Tes eee quite wpe ain . The ‘5 procle- ion of the Central with the Hud- | ton River, and probably some other railways, mation against the action of the Committee had met} with 9 sharp lookout for the confiscation and par- with no favorable response; om the contrary, in | chase of our State Canals at one-half or one-third ; mearly all the towns of the interior enthusiastic | (heir value. meetings had been held endorsing the proceedings | Republicans hards and softs, the prime movers ef the Committee, and the formation of companies | engaged in this glorious Wall street enterprise, to assist them was geing on vigorously. In the | merely support the Presidential candidates of meantime, crimes and casualties were numerous, | their respective parties with a view to use them Dusiness wae neglected, and politics even ceased to | and their influence in behalf of the paramount any interest. There had beon no arrivals objects of this railroad coalition. We may call it the 20th ult. The reposts, however, from the mines | Lnscsas canals, passenger trac and overland ‘were good, and the agriealtaral prospects favorable. | commerce to a Camden and Amboy oligarchy —a ‘The remi-monthly chipment of treasure amounted to | sort of despotism which we know in Jersey is ab- ‘only $700,000. From Nicarangua the news is very important. | and shuts the mouths of the people. This alliance | At the election on the 24th ult. Gen. Walker was | :hae fostered hitherto the divisions between the | chosen President of the republic, ever his competi- | hard and soft democracy to subeerve its owa pur- fers, Rivas and Se'azar. Rivas, and his Minister | Pes, and the present game is to sow the seeds of , Jerez, probably antielpating the reeult of the dissension and confusion among all parties, in sete bg agers omer the better to manage them all in reference ped eggceee ye, = he phe oe to the election of our text Governor and Legis aferwa standard woud lature. Chinendago. At the bead of a small force of natives, ‘We have already mentioned that this specula- Rivas proceeded to Leon, and ordered the America: # | tive coalition have indieated the proper candidate to evacuate the city. The order was obeyed, and | for Governor of the republican party, and have Rivas took possession, with one bundred and twenty | alse decreed the policy of the democracy—hard men. Most of the members of the former cabinet | and soft. Mr. E. D. Morgan, be it understood, is adhered to Walker, who had prociaimed the Rivas | thu the anointed candidate for the republican, party traitors, We have commented in our editorial = they will be i yc gg him, with- ‘ ‘ out regard to any g or evil consequen- etiemans upen this startling intelligence. ces to Fremont, inasmuch as with ; Im Oregon Indian hostilities prance Gen. | Wall street confederation of stock job- Smith's command had a battle with the savages | bore the parties, principles and iseues involved mear Meadows. The loss of the whites was five | in the Presidential contest are wholly a matter Killed and twen'y-five wounded. The Indian loss | of moonshine. Thurlow Weed’s golden rule in was considerable. Col. Wright and one of his com- | politics hae alwaye been, is now, and always will mand had been killed by the Yakima Indiana. be, the main clance for the money market; and this We have also later news from Costa Rica and | ©4rdinal principle has become also the polar star to the patriotic hard and soft shell brotherhood +m = aoa ae — ot yer of the Albany Ais dnd Argus. The noodles , em hed sg a tee that follow them with such implicit confidence iavesion leasague, wechen and devotion are only the catepaws by which ‘Vance guard of the invading army of Guatemala bad | thoy rake the chestunts from the fire. reached Santa Anna, where they were cordially The alarm. however, against thie stock jobbers’ wecsived by the inhabitants. The report that the | coalition appears to have been sounded each in ‘expatriated Mexican army officers had entered the | the camp of the bards and the softs and the re- Guatemalan military service is reiterated. publicans. While the coalition for Governor in he George Law, with the semi-monthiy mails and | half of softs and hards have their eyes upon treasure from California, is now due at this port. Addison Gardiner and Squire Vanderbilt (not ‘We have sous fem Ven Cus, She the Commodore), the independent democracy ates are to the Sth instant. The Spanish feet bad are concentrating their ideas of resistance upon Aeparted, bat no mention is made of the situation of | Fernando Wood, as the man for the crisia. So, the difficulty between Spain and Mexies. The new | 100, the anti-monopoly republicans are seriously Mberal constitution, and the government decree | comaiting upon the mving policy of hoisting ‘with reference to the property of the church, were | a their candidate for Governor. the inexorable, _spenerally acceptable to the people. Comenfort had | inflexibte, inexplicable and incorruptible white- ecided to sell all the iands belonging to the charch | oonted philosopher of the Tridwne—old coat, old and other religions corporations. There was some J hat, old jLoots, vegetable and all—with the fixed nore heal ts ace eee heen re. | CoMietion that no conspiracy of stock jobbers carertne ie Grande hed overflowed ta nenne, | cam knmbug him with their swindling and kite. reed of water being greater than had been hows flying projec. And why not? It was that firey for many years. cent patch on Marcy's breeches that made him ‘The submarine telegraph cable for the New York, | Governor: and why should not that old white Newfoundland and London Company wae laid be | hat, that old white coat, and those old whitey. tween Cape Ray and Ashby Bay on the 11th | brown boots do the same for Greeley? if inet. a distance of eighty-five miles, in fifteen ‘These few bints of the comprehensive intrigues hours, and messages are now transmitted from shore | of this Central Railrend coalition for the Gover- this ng Seah ot teats ob teil bas tonned's report | Istest comptications of New York polities. Wall of the commerce of that city for the year 1955, em. | “TCtt i the ring; and it is the first time in the racing « summary statement of the trade of the | history of this country that « moneyed monopoly upper lakes, which amounted to $61,315,203, excin- has set to work to control all the political parties sive of the produce from the West by the Lake Shore | of the State in the same election, But the pros Railroad, left at Dunkirk. pective profits of the scheme in hand are worthy a We publish to-day a series 0° letters from the Raat, | corresponding movement to gure them, our sound mixed, md 60c. a 62e. for Southern yellow, | ‘| solute, and with a frown controls the Legislature 7 NEW YORK HERALD, MONDA’¢, JULY 14; 1856. rext Governor and Legislature can thus be se- cured—whether republican, hard, soft, or Know Nothing, or all combined, so that the stock job- bers’ alliance secure it—their game is won, The Hudson River consolidation—including the Alba- ny bridge, and the confiscation and purchase of the State canals to the same monopoly, at half price—may readily be turned, by the tactics of Wall street, into cash profits to the coalition of five or six millions as the first year’s dividend from the perfected enterprise, But even this wi’ 4 be but a small item compared with the pow er they will secure over all our futrre elections, In due season we shall disclose more ind gai) the plan of operations under which the A’ shany Journal and the Alas and Argus are makir g, and are expected to make, the success, on, either side, of their Presidential ticket, subor dinate to his grand scheme of a Camden and 4 mo- nopoly for the State of New York. " she scheme, at all events, shall not be worked out. in the dark. The Costume Question and that Yellow ‘Walstcoat—Marcy’s Victory ‘ sver Victoria. It must be especially gratifyi’ ag to our indomi- table Premier, Marcy, that, r otwithstanding all the ridicule, mockery and ¢ntempt with which his official circulars on dip! omatic costume have been treated at home an abroad, at last he has achieved a signal victory upon this initial point in his foreign po'iicy. This victory is over Victoria herself, and ‘m the person of that myste- rious West Point professor in the frock coat, black cravat and yellow waistcoat. Strangely enough, the breeches are not mentioned—the very article of the highest diplomatic interest to our Premier. Perhaps they were blue, perhaps they \| were black, and perhaps, in having a fifty cent | patch or two, they may have come up fully to the regulation of the State Department. However that may be, it appears that when the Queen was informed that Mr. Dallas was present with an American constituent in the costume des- cribed, her Majesty, with her usual good sense and courtesy, ordered that they be admitted, not- withstanding the rules and regulations of such occasions. Said she, (but she was too late,) “I shall be happy to see the gentleman in any cos- tume.”” What better proof could we have :f the restoration of the en‘ente cordiale between John Bull avd Brother Jonathan? * He is an American, and whether in a dress or a frock coat, or with or without a yellow waistcoat, or however dressed, or clean or dirty, let him come along. We ac- cept his visit, bona fide.’ Such is the fair inter- pretation of Queen Victoria’s queenly and lady- like remark. And we are indebted for this mani- festation of her dincere desire for peace and good will between the two countries, to that happy ex- periment of Mr. Dallas with the mysterious gen- tleman in the yellow waistcoat. We must say, however, that under this dynasty of Messrs. Pierce and Marcy, our diplomacy and our diplomats, have not in the aggregate left a very favorable impression upon the public mind abroad. There has been a great deal of folly and nonsense among our legations in Europe upon this very thing of court costumes, Then, again, while some of our diplomatic attachés have run into extravagances, from which they had to run away, and have used the facilities of official position in behalf of birds of passage of doubtful plumage, others of our ministerial families—or outsiders admitted to their confidence—-have used the seal of this or that legation in the cir- culation of revolutionary documents on the Con- tinent. All these malapropos transactions, however, are overshadowed in that crowning enor- mity of the Ostend Conference and Ostend mani- festo. .A set of diplomats distributed throughout Europe, consisting of English socialiste, French refugees, Austrian Jews, Irish filibusters, Ame- rican adventurers, and what not, might be tole- rated with all their follies, upon diplomatic coats and breeches, and with all their other revolu- tionary sympathies and proceedings; but that Ostend manifesto was too much. Hence the bar- barian ideas, since so prevalent in Earope, of the Awerican national character—ideas, too, which will not lose anything of their inflaence from this little affair of the yellow waistcoat, This is a fitting occasion to remark upon the folly and inean ambition of too many American travellers abroad, whose first object on reaching London or Paris is to be presented. That is the purgatory of the Minister, the worry of the Lord Chamberlain, Wit the greatest of events to Yan- kee doodleiem, In Paris it ie not diffeult to en- counter royalty—in London it is quite so; there- fore the greater triumph for an American snob. No matter how fortune has come to him —whether in the shape of codfieh or whale oil, or garden truck, or patent rights, or short patterns of poor cloth—a presentation at Court gilds the coin afresh, and makes it current, and a legal tender everywhere. Say what we please, we have among us the greatest tuft hunters and toadies in the world. A smile from a lord will penetrate the soul of the moet independent free born American humbag. Our greatest heiresses give away all they possess to win titled husbands; in short, our red hot, an- appeasable indignation—such a fine staple in the newspapers, at public meetings, in barroome, and just before a Presidential election—is often cooled down in the twinkling of aneye by the very first sprinkle of condescension from the foreign nobility. ‘Thus some of our countrymen make the veriest fools of themselves abroad by their absurd con- duct and bad manners—pretended democrats in words, but petty aristocrats in reality. A rebuff once in a while will do no harm to these illus trious Janathans while on their wonderful travel« by sea and by land. How Mr. Dallas came to make such a blunder as to attempt to introduce the West Pointer in a military undrese—for it wae nothing more—we are unable to conceive, He had experience of courte, and should have known better. Without a dress eword and a re- gulation chapeau, the ettaché could not be said om regie, even bere, much less in the drawing room. He was treated as be deserved, and he hae now something to lecture about. We pre. sume there will be no wa we hope not, for the sake of the bulls in Wall street, whose horns have lately been quite exalted—more for the sake of Pierce and Marcy, particularly the latter, whoee eminent career has been endangered three several times by a succession of sartorial events: First, the patch on the breeches; second, the new black coats of our foreign ministry third, and most dangerons of all, by yellow wais:- coats and black neck ties. No matter, he has achieved a triumph. Vic- toria has yielded to American diplomacy and the rights of man. Even Greeley may not despair. Let him mount his white coat and his white hat and present himself barefooted at court. All he will have to do will be to read Marey’s instruc. tions ip the ante-room, and push in. Lastly, who wae that gentleman in the yeHow waistcoat’ Ali | ihe ladice dveuc to know, General” walxer’s Latest Coup d’Etat in Ni+ News. The pews which we pwblished yesterday from Nicar agua (in thashape of a telegraphic despatch fro , New Orleans, where the steamer Daniel ‘We jteter hed arrived'on Saturday,) is of the high~ & 4 importance, * It appears that “General Walker was elected President, June 24. Rivas and his Minister of War left Leon on the 12th, and afterwards ap- peared at Chinendago, They there collected six hundred natives, called in the outposts, and or- dered the American troops to evacuate Leon. The onder was obeyed, and Rivas took possession with 120 men. General Walker has declared the Rivas party traitors. Most of the officers of the former Cabinet stand by Walker.” What does all this mean? Putting the dates in their chronological order, we see that Presi- dent Rivas and his Minister of War left Leon on the 12th, and that Walker was elected, twelve days afterwards, President of the republic—that in the meantime, Rivas having collected a body of six hundred natives, marched back upon Leon, and. ordered Walker to evacuate it, which he did ; and that thereupon Rivas took possession with one hundred and twenty men. General Walker, however, while obeying this order seems still to have had strength and authority enough, or bold- ness enough, to declare Rivas and his party- traitors. The questions which naturally arise in connec- tiod with this curious and rather startling intelli- gence, are these—Who elected Walker? His American soldiers, or the natives upon compul- sion? Why did he evacuate Leon at the ap- proach of General Rivas, and what has be- come of all the troops of Walker? for surely they must be sadly diminished, or he would hardly have retreated without fighting, from a body of six hundred men denounced by him as traitors, Rivas, too, it will be remarked, with only one hundred and twenty men, took possession of Leon. His remaining four hundred and eighty men were, perhaps, held in reserve for the active business of the further pursuit of Gen. Walker. in any aspect, this news wears an ugly com- plexion for “ the gray eyed man.” Itshows that, while he imagined that he was only using Rivas for temporary necessities, Rivas has had precisely the same estimate of the services of Walker, and that each has been deceiving the other. We sus- pect, however, that the wily native, all the time, has been anticipating and preparing for this move of Walker, and that Walker for once has trusted too much to the outside appearance of things. We await the details of this news by the Daniel Webster. Perhaps, with all the parti- culars and all the circumstances in our possession, the situation of Walker may not appear so bad, as from the facts now before us we should judge it to be. It may be that his service has ceased to be attractive even to the filibusters, and that the constant reinforcements required from New York and San Francisco to keep his army on a war footing have suddenly failed. Finally, Walker may yet come out with flying colors, or he may next turn up as a gentleman at large in New York. Revolutions are very uncertain in their issues, especially in Central America. Tae Screw anp THE PappLe Waret—A Re- vouvTion Iv Screw Steam Navicatioy.—The almost simultaneous arrival of paddle wheel steamship Africa and the J Lebanon, at this port, on Saturday, is an fact in the history of ocean steam navigation. The Africa sailed from Liverpool on the twenty- eighth of June. The Lebanon left Havre on the evening of the same day. The Africa arrived here about twelve hours before the Lebanon; the difference in distance is about ninety miles in favor of Liverpool. A careful comparison of time, therefore, shows that the passages were of equal duration. Each ship is a model of its class. The Africa is one of the most powerful of the Cunard side wheel steamships—the Lebanon is one of their best serew propellers. It is, then, a fair test of the merits of the paddle wheel and the screw as applied to the navigation of the great Atlantic ferry. The result is most cheering to those who have long edvocated the superiority of the screw. The great war steamer Himalaya left Halifax some time since, and made the passage to Portsmouth in eight days and three hours—the shortest trip ever made from the firet named port to any place in England. The English journals and our files contain other convincing testimony to show that the ecrew is quite ae efficient as the paddle wheel, 0 far as speed isconcerned when the same power is applied. The line of ships from Liverpool to Philadel- phia are worked with the screw, and one of them recently brought us four days later news. The ships now running from Liverpool to Quebec are upon the same principle, and they have always brought us news. The Scotch line from Glas gow. worked with the screw, has made several quick passages—one in less than twelve days. Nor is this a recent matter. The Great Britain, the first large serew ship ever built, in 1844 made a quick trip—ten days and twenty-three her All these facts go to prove the position now taken by some of the best engineers, that the screw is not only safer than the paddle, but that ships worked on the screw principle may be made equally ewift. But the screw propellers are to have a still further and more searching test. The mammoth steamship Great Eastern, of which towering achievement in naval architecture we have given a detailed description, is to be worked with pad- di¢ wheels and the screw. Her projectors hope to get twenty miles an hour from her by the joint power. Mr. Stevens's mammoth steam battery, now be- ng built at Hoboken, ie to have two screws, These are worked independently, so that the veste] may be turned upon her own axis. Several other leviathans are now being built, and to most of them the screw principle will be applied. The arguments in favor of the screw over the paddle wheel are numerous, and have been fre- quently stated. The speed of ships worked by the paddle varies very much in proportion to the in- creased or decreased immersion of the floats of their wheels, while with screw ships the variation in their draught of water has little or no effect. Paddle wheel ships are consequently more liable to detention and accident, while the passages of propellers are more equable and will be quite as brief. For war vemels che screw is undeniably the safest and the best; and the British governmert having proved this by stimerous experiments, have dropped the paddle whee! system altogether. Their eplendid fleet at Spithead was composed al- moct altogether of screw ships. Our screw ship, the Merrimac, has not yet had a fair chance, on account of the stupidity of some of the mechanics 1 engaged im her construction, bus we have hopeg of something better from the Niagara, which is in better hands. Our purpose at present js to call attention to the recent performances of the screw ships as in- augurating a revolution in steam navigation. The advantages of this method of propulsion are apparent, and the opponents of the screw have ‘been demolished one by one, until they had no leg to stand upon except the statement that pad- dle ships wexe faster than propellers. This has now been disproved, and every day adds new tes- timony in favor of the screw. We trust that our builders, who have so far produced the finest and the fastest, though not the safest ships in the world, will now be satisfied with their triumph so far as speed is concerned, and make an endeavor to imi- tate our trans-Atlantic rivals in providing for the safety and stability of their ships. When the-4 screw system shall have a fair trial in an Ameri- can ship we have no doubt that it will be found equal to the paddle in point of speed, and much superior so far as safety is concerned. The facts eliminated by British experiments prove this _be- yond cavil. While such a revolution is going on, American mechanics should be found where they always are in every good work—leading the van The Slave Trade—Fitting out Vessels in the Port of New York. Mr. Secretary Marcy has laid before the Senate a report in answer to a resolution in reference to the fitting out of vessels in the ports of the United States, for the purpose of being engaged in the slave trade. The Secretary gave the names of six vessels sailing out of the port of New York; but we are enabled to supply from authentic sources the names of twenty-one vessels, eighteen of which have left this port within the last three years. Thereare many others which are well known to have embarked on slaving expeditions —as is admitted by a letter from Mr. Marcy to Mr. McKeon, in August, 1854—but as they have not returned, they are supposed to have been des- troyed at sea. It appears that the usual practice is to equip vessels in this port for the apparent purposes of legitimate trade, but which carry a sufficient quantity of planks to erect slave decks, a large number of water casks and rice, and other articles of food for a cargo of negroes. Having traded between the slave ports on the coast of Africa, the captain and crew abandon their ship and set fire to her, in order to destroy all traces of her unlawful engagement. We have laws on the statute books prohibiting the traffic in slaves, or the fitting out of vessels for that purpose. The following are the sections of the act:— No citizen, or other person, shall, for himself or , either as master, factor or owner, build, fit, equip, load or otherwise prepare any vessel, in any place within the United States, for the purpose of procuring any negro, mulatto or person of.color, from any toreign coun- try, to be transported to any place whatsoever, to be held, sold or otherwise of asa slave, or to be bal, equipped, ladon oF otherwise propared for such put: out, mn OF o prepa: sucl - pose, hor ‘tackle, apparel, furniture and lading, shall be fortelted, one moiety to the United States, and the other tothe use of the prosecutor; and such vessel may be seized, prosecuted and condemned in any court the United States having competent j be. Every person so building, fitting out, equipping, loading or otherwise preparing or away, or caus- ing any such act to be done, with intent to employ such ‘vesse] in such trade, or who shall in any wise be aiding or therem, shall, on conviction, forfeit and pay a sum not exceeding five thousand dollars, nor less than one thousand doliars, one moiety to the United States and the other to the prosecutor, ana shall be imprisoned for a term not exceeding seven nor less than three years, With the immense traffic that is set on foot in our very midst, we would ask what has been done to check it? Turning to the records of the United States Courts, we find that from 1845 to 1854 there were but five cases of the violation of this law of which judicial notice has been taken, and they were thus disposed of—Manefield and Driscoll forfeited their recognizances of $5,000 each; Captain Theodore Canot was held to an- swer in 1847, but nothing has ever been done in his case since; Captain Jefferson turned States evidence, and in the case of Captain D. Mathew a nolle prosequi was entered. Since 1854 there have been thirty-two persons indicted, and thirteen tried, of whom one was con- vieted and twelve acquitted; the indictments againet the other nineteen are so recent that they have not yet been tried. Captain James Smith, of the brig Julia Moulton, was convicted of com- manding that vessel and conveying a cargo of slaves on the Coast of Africa—the penalty would have been death; but a new trial was granted, and the government subsequently consented to a plea of guilty to a minor offence, and he was sen- tenced to three years’ imprisonment; R. BE. Las- cala was tried on acharge of fitting out the slaver Horatio, and acquitted; Manuel Echeveria, fitting out the Mary Jane Peck, acquitted ; E. Valen- tine, fitting out the Julia Moulton, acquitted; Gaspard M. De Cunha and eight of the crew of the Falmouth, acquitted. There are still pend- ing charges against Bazillio De Cana Reiss, of the firm of Viganeire, Reiss & Co., for fitting out the Aleva; Henrieo De Costa, Joseph P. De Cunha, Patricio De Castro, and thirteen of the crew of the Braman, and two other parties not yet arrested. The following vemels, with the exception of the Laurens, the Butterfly and the Catherine, sailed out of the port of New York within the past three years—these three schooners were fitted Captured by the Brazilians. ee ee gorae in N. York. Do. —condomned at Nortolk. a at sea. “ be te because of jofect in libel. Captured—not yet decided. Do, —cundemued ts N. York. Do. Destroyed at sea, Captured, and since in the Mex. jean service. Destroy cd at sea. bo. Captured—condemned in N. York. + Captured and in proces of ad Judication. Thue we see that though vessels have been captured and condemned, there has been but one man convicted of the offence against the statute. Why euch a proportion of acquittals? If the legal constraction of those laws permits the en- couragement of .the slave trade, the sooner the act of Congress is amended the better. Tre Cuanteston Merccry on Mr. Dovorss axp wis New Kaysas Brw.—We give, in another part of this paper, an article from the Charleston Mercury, upon the new Kansas bill, originally introduced into the Senate by Mr. Toombs, adopted by Mr. Douglas and his Com- mittee on Territories, and passed by the Senate as the true, all-healing panacea for the afflictions of Kansas. Our Charleston cotemporary, speaking in be- half of South Cerolina’s chivalry, says that this bill will not do~that Mr. Douglas has deceived the Sonth and deceived himeelf, and has aseamed to carry a load whieh Ime broken him down. Worse than all, the Mereury agrees with Mr. Seward, that the day of compromises ia past, What, theu, ae we w dot Js it sovemiga Git our South Carolina philosopher is driving at? If £0, why not await the results of the Presiden- tial election? for, should Fremont be elected, as he may be, the South have only to follow the advice of Mr. Fillmore, and they are out of the Union, and in for a war which will last them for several generations. ALBANY OpsERVATORY—MeETING oF Savans. —The Albanians are making preparations to in- augurate their Observatory, for which they are greatly indebted to the munificence of a lady, the widow of Charles E, Dudley, Esq. Invita- tions have been sent abroad to the most distin- guished European savens, desiring their presence on the occasion; and the lines of steamers, at least two of the principal ones, are to bring these gentlemen over and take them back again free of expense, We may, then, expect a pretty full attendance at the inauguration, which is to come off next month. It is rumored that the Alba- nians are going to pitch tents in the Park for the accomniodation of their visiters, If so, we sup- pose they will liberally be supplied with the beer for which Albany is so celebrated. We should link, however, there are hotels enough to fur- nish lodgings, and halls enough to contain alk the audiences, without making a camp meeting affair of this scientific gathering. But there is no doubt the ocecasion will be a memorable one. Our foreign visiters will find out that we have more observatories in this coun- try than there are in all Europe, that we have a large class of observant naturalists, and that we are a nation of inventors. No doubt many interesting subjects, of an in- ternational and scientific character, will come up, and this country will furnish a new field for the inquiry of the learned from abroad. Our geology is not yet fully arranged. It was. supposed we had the oldest formations; this is now disputed. Our mineralogy is highly interest- ing, and every day’s exploration brings to light some interesting conformations and more valua- ble minerals. Our botany is nearly complete, though in our new Territories there are endless varieties of shrubs, plants and flowers. Our fishes are well described, though the habits of many species, of great commercial value, are not yet thoroughly understood. But we have man clever observers, who do not let even a min slip through their fingers without examina Our meteorology is here, as elsewhere, in prog only. The State of New York has done more for this science than any other in the United States, any other perhaps in the world. Under the di- rection of the Regents of the University, long series of annual observations have been made and published, and the science has been intro- duced into very many of our academies. It is at this moment the great science of the age. It is of the most practical nature, and bears directly on our material interests, on our commerce, our cli- mate, our agriculture, our health. It is allied to all the other physical sciences, and offers the most inviting field for research. It is open to the unlearned as well as the learned. All who have patience and accuracy may be good observers,. and may contribute each a leaf to the great volume which such minds as Humboldt will at: some future day bind up. “~ The British government has recently organized. a special department of the Board of Trade, where a system of observations is maturing, and: from which mape, charts and instruments are given to their shipmasters to secure their co~ operation. This is carrying out the plan previ-- cusly adopted by our own government. At the conference at Brussels, in 1853, at whicl» M. Quetelet, of that city, presided, measures were adopted by which the whole world were to be brought to unite in cultivating these excellent. arts of peace, . No doubt these subjects will be discussed again at Albany. It is to be hoped that the occasion will be one where neither personal glorification. nor wealthy ignorance will divert the assemblage from the real business before them. Police Ini ATTEMPT AT ANOTHER PRIZE PIGHT—THE PARTY SURPRISED BY THE POLICE—THIRTY-NINE OF THE GANG CAPTURED, AND TOTAL DEPHAT OF THE ENEMY. The complete success that attended the prize fight at Riker’s Island, on Wednesday morning last, seems te have emboldened the shoulder hitting fraternity; and accord- ingly they determined yesterday moraing to try the experimont over again, but wih new conrbatants, As- the sequel will show, their caloulations were entirely: wrong, which resulted in the total rout of the rowdies, and the capture’of some thirty-nine of their number by the. police ere the “fourth roond”’ had been fought by tho- champions of the respective parties. About one o'clock. yesterday morning some three or four bundred of tho- small {fy fancy assembled at the foot of Rivington street, with the evident intention of embarking for Riker’s- Island. Unfortunately for them, the steamtug which was- ful assemblage, hastened to the spot, and pat the rascals to Sgt, The law b-eakers all retreated to the Fighteentts: ward, Here some #f them, including the pal, suc ceeded in getting off in some sinall which were on. hand, but the majority of the party were obliged to go teenth ward, while the remainder were get doate as far up as the Twelfth ward. gang had succeeded in getting ‘ed fight reached the ears of Nineteenth, and Captain Vorter, withoun much delay, provored bonis; and seared Without m |, pro vu te, in por suit of the disorderly crew. Captain Tuomey ‘embarked! at the Red House, and on his way tain Porter, A consultation was that each equad should pursi cordingly, Captain Toomey “tol y, v nel, whine Captain Porter and his the west one. When within of the island the cry of “The pe the raised on shore immediately Is pram pty HR "te poten Preaved forward rawn Up on . Dent to oars with such a will, that before of the scamps could be effected, mag making prisoners with as le. 5 3 : g 5 5 ra i } lf Is, however, succeeded in making estchester shore, where eonyey them to @ place of 5 were captured and_ conve: to the tacked to the Twelfth and Nineteenth were locked up for the remainder Yesterday they were conveyed to Police Court, at Yorkville, where Ji ach of them to bail in the sum of $1,000 fur good bebavier. The age of the pr: irteen to thirty years. They comprised aborere and grocery men, and if night's A. 4 could atte, bs e ae2 uni age Fs i i i i 5 Hi if ij ff ludi¢rous appearance after’ thoir were and Jim Galliper. The ' names Lames of the principals in the fight ascertained. We hope the result of this last ' ne fighting will have a salutary La ah Atall even! Cught to teach all persona listically inclined a wi ome lesson, When they tnilertake to trample the laws «f the State under their feet, and set the police of this cit +t detange, they will find it no easy task to carry o heir nefarious Ly oy! for the strong arm of the law amd J ublic opinion will be arrayed against them. Cramer or Fause Pretexces.—Archibald Campbell, a broker, doing business at No. 229 Broadway, was taker into custody by oMecer Robb, of the Second District Police Court, on charge of having obtained $500 from Wm. W. Hibbard, of No. 103 East Seventeenth street, by means of false pretences and fraudulent representations. The coms plamant alleges that in answer to an advertisement head ed “A Partner Wanted,” he became acqnainted with te aecosed, who stated that he was in the real ostate busi- revs with aman named Walter: that as he did not agree with bie partner, he deeired to sell out his interest in the concern, which was paying at least $4,000 per year, that complainant believing the statement of the accuixed to he true, bought his share in tho business for the sum of $500; that enbsequently complainant discovered that the allega- tions of the accused Were false, and that they wore made with a view to defraud him ont of his property. Justice Flandrean held the acensed to bail to answer, PUMPICLOR OF Am do cmurt at Busdtasdy.— idle) Dep 5 5