The New York Herald Newspaper, June 9, 1856, Page 2

, (MONDAY, JUNE 9, 1856. Our Parts Cervespondence. Fame, Kay Zi, 1866. The Hakan Qucsiion—— Share of Russia in te Bmbveibment —Austria Preparing (o take the Initiative im Measures of Reform for her Dependencies— The Separate Proaty with Ausiria a Blow at Russia—Louis Napoleon a Greater Diplomat than his Uncle—Unpreced-nted Prosperity of Prance—Prince Napowon sent to Spilzdergen to Cool his Republican lendencies—Phe Pope om Steam, ‘The Halian question, sbout which i have written so much during my stay in Rome, continues to attract pud- Me attention in Europe. Afier the settlement of the @rienta) question it is certainly the most important now sur le apis, and ite solution does mot admit of amy further @elay. Tho Papal government is the one selected to be im the reforms witb, and I have no dondt ehatever but that, notwithstandiog the insuperable objection \which the Sacred College has to what is calied material improve- ment, railroads, telegraphs, manufactures and other in- @estrial pursuits will, in a very few years, impart new Mile and activity to ali the Roman cities, The internal administration of the government, and especially the ju- @isiary, is destined to be adapted to the modern state o sesiety. Jury trials will im all probability be introduced ‘and the whole machinery of modern civilization, (as ua- derstood on the Continent, where jury triaia have only ‘boon extensively introduced for the last twenty years,) set at work to prepare Italy for those exteasive liberal reforms which Mazzini and his followers would extemporise for a mation which hae been fast asleep, with the aight-cap ever its nose, since the middle of the sixteenth century. Xt is a proof of the wisdom and statesmanship of the Em- peror Napo'eon not to prese the matter still further at the presect moment; becaure furtner then that he could hardly drag Austria along with him, and the ¢o-operation ot Austria is necessary im the present etate of affairs. Austria is master of Upper Italy, and her troops occupy Gentra} Italy, including the Legations, while her influence governs in Napies and Sicuy. The French troops ocsupy bat » mail portion of Italy—the port of Civita-Veschia and the City of Rome, If Austria will withdraw her ‘woops trem the Legations, toterfere no looger in Modena, care to make a Sebastopol of Parma, ehe will give up much more than France, and when withdrawing her jand foree wiil not be able to threaten avy port of Italy with her navy, which is merely a glinsrackery affair by the wide of that of France, Francs is the first Power in the Mediterranean, and can dictate law wherever there !s no Austrian garrison to dispute her sway; hence the neces- sity of managing Austria, while, <t the «ame tim? Sardi- nian statemmen, in snd out of Parliament, keep the spizita of the F:alians in a comfortable state of excitemen’, and mupport the diplomatic movements of France with the whole power of public opinioa. Poe Koglish press act a4 huge bellows to can the flame while the sulon influence of Russian diplowacy makes a strerg case of the Emperor Alexander's generosity, who ae too greats monarch to cherish any resentinen: age’ Sardinia, and can only feel pity with the degraded 5: ef Italy. i: does not take a very ehrexd man to perceive ‘that .cssia hae no inverest im forcifyimg the Austrian position in Italy, and that the confitst of liberal and dee- potic op’sions ia that peniosula are not fraught with Smmediate danger to the throne of the Czsrs. ‘The re'ations of Count Orloff, while here in Paris with certain Pardinian diplomat , are well known; and there is, perbaps, no better step that Russia can take to regain ‘the pub.io estimation of Europe, the prestige she has lost durirg the last war, than the sapport of liberal and national views in Italy. No national sentiment can be fostered In Maly that shall not be hostile to Austria, and no momen- fum can be acquired by any Italian State that shall not, of necessity, weaken the material force of Austria. Austria foresees the consequences of political re-organi- wetion in Italy; but she also knows that the system by which she governed till 1848 is no longer tenable, and ‘Wat herself must enter upon the road of progress if she would prevent the dismemberment of her empire. Anstria ts endeavoring to develope her immenee indus- trial resourcea—she is relaxing in the reverity of her military government—she is improving the contition of the laborirg classes—she is even now preparing (which verifies what I wrote you about the Emperor Francis Joseph) a representative form of government for ali the States of her extenstve dominions; but she cannot Ger- manize her Italian States, as she may Hungary and Po- land, simply because you canmo: engraft a new asticrality ons people who has already reached a high Cegree of civiliza:ion, which possesses a clastical litera tare, a glorious historical past, and whose memory is eomctantiy refreshed by the contemplation of works o art which signalize its genus and the h'ghest intellectual @eapacity recorded on marble or canvas. [he nationality of such a people mus: first be assassinated before another ean take its place, and this Louis Napoleop appreciazes atite full value. He knows that Austris ena never bene- fit from any Itaban mevement—that she can at best only have military pcesession of Lombardy and Venice, botn of which she only holds by the power of the sword aad the contempt and execration of the peop'e. If the Em- peror Napoleon, therefore, haa succeeded, as he undouot- edly bas, in persuading or c2ercing Aus ria into a line of eoncuct which sball facilitate the political and indus- trial developement of Italy and diminish the garrisons which eat up the substance of the country, while they form the oniy support of arbitrary rale of tae most senseless despotism, then French diplomasy has achieved jor which it is entitled to credit. It required the ‘atmost skill to detach Austria from the holy alliance, m0: only ty onesingie act, peter tne adoption of a policy hostile to the very idea of such alliance; but to make ‘Austria. move in a liberal direction when every step takes in that direstion weakens her power ané@ destroys her unfiuence, was enatching @ grace e art of government that would have adorsed even his great uncle, And ye: Austria is now in that state of “hetwix: and betweeni:y” which compels her to $oliow the advice of a friend, thocgh that friend may not be emireiy trusted. I repest, then, the prediciion | have g, that the conclusion of the peace will do ly than the sgitation produced by emiasaties fm a land cceupied by toreign troops. It is already aa feomense gain for the Italian question that it has been made a European one--that governments, aad not merely revolutionary committees, uadertook its solution, and that Italian patriots need no longer conspire in sub- terraneous caverns, but express their sentiments in open parliament. if the Italian patriots in foreiga countries appreciate the importance of this change for the better, ’bey will do nothing to compromit it. The fate of Itaty depends on the progress of Sardinis, and Sardinia is now doing 2s well a can reasonably be expected. Is was @ great achievement for the diplomacy of the Western Powers to conslude a separate treaty with Aus- ‘tria to secure the integrity of the Turkish Empire. This in the severest blow that has been dealt to Russia and marke the highest success of French diplomacy. Not only je Austria, by that treaty, permanently separated frog Ressis, but also from Praseia, and by that means Germany itself is prevented from scting aa & unit in the affairs of Europe. The separation of Austria from Prussia, by the treaty of December 2, has by the treaty of the 16th April, become nent, and Prassis, which was excluced from the mere ap- ix te Rusris, im the Oriental quention. The separate shows, whatever protestations France and England make to the contrary, and however diplomasy may wor to throw a veil over it, that the intentions of Russia are distrusted, and that anotner visit tothe sick mean on the part of the great Northern physician is as an event far from being improbable. and Austria have constituted themselves ot vigilance to guard the sick man, and the spa 3 op nga te claal tl of the wheel of the carriage. ‘The presence of the Archduke Maximilian of Austria. visit of prince Oscar of Sweden, are not without diplomatic ,and mark in @ very strong ‘the vantege ground new occupied by France. The Kiag of Wurtemberg bas just left, and had occupied an apart- during’ his stay in the imperial city. ‘The present king of Wurtemberg, now some 75 years of age, was the only Prince of Germany (then Crown Prince Napoleon I. entrusted with « military command of some importance; and it was Napo- Jeom who first raised his {ether from a duke to the dignity of King of Wurtemberg. The Emperor Napoleon, by inviting the present King of Wurtemburg to Paris, has ‘very prettily freshened up historica) souvenir of that important portion of Southern (ermany, and the iovite- tion te the Kings of Bavaria and Wertumourg appoint commissioners to regulate the navigation of the Danube furnishes material basis for a good unlerstan detween owers and France. Next to Austria and Prussta, Bavaria is the most influential Power of Germany, while Waurtemburg, though email, has a larger ion than the kingdom of Hanover, ani command the strategical jon with the greater portion of the Biack Forest, be- Austria sod France. Depend on it, LoutsNapoleon 4a, in the field of diplomacy, greater than his uncle, who had been a little spoiied by a series of uainterrupted suc- ‘cencen and by the power he p:ssesser to insure them. He ommitted, among other faults, the mistake of giving warmng to foreign Powers of the storm whish was gacher- ng against them. A barsh question, sddressed in a brusque manner to the minister of a foreign Power, was almost 4 uivalents oa notice to quit; while the present Emperor, ‘w hos ate has been somewhat checkered,end who entered upon the full enjoyment of imperial power only after his confinement, and time allowed bim for solitary reflection, $ ®, at ail times, the same—with his countenanoe a sealed letter to friend and foe. It is the mystery which surrounds his person and his designs, joined to the conviction that ‘they all inure to the penefit of France, which made him irresistible. I doubt whether any Power in Europe is now sufficiently strong to provoke France, and the Empe- ror has now the faculty to become the Emperor of Peace, not ‘“‘at any price,’ as Louis i’hilippe was, but as the reward of the well established fact that France, when drawing the sword, will not al it again till The haa accompyished her end. France haa never en)>y- ‘ed a higher degree of prosperity; she has never been mere Li # than now; and at no time of her previous history, from the time of the Roman conquest of Gaui, were there so many nations anxious to be with her on terms of smity and peace. The only ‘hog unmanageable in France, at this period is the Prince Napoleom, whose repablican ceived permission (equivalent to a forced ext\ out seientific expedition to Spitzbergen. inne tor socialists, and ice for s social Prince who ther manages himself nor others. Perhaps the | Prinee on his reture will publish a book | The wi The Pope, aa I intimated to you from Rome, will not | pimegif come to Paris to ist ‘at the ceremony of the from to —_ latore under tee im pression that when sball once ba connected by railroad with the prinsipal cities of Europe, the fast men of the sineteenth century will substitute infidelity and war for the doctrines of ity and peece. He bas no faith im the ralvation of modern tm provements. Paws, May 21, 1856. Festivities a St. Cloud—Hitstoricsl Souvenirs Conneceted with the Palace—Health of the Empress—Royal (ucsts— Nursery Amusementsa— Phe Emperor's Reminiscences—4 Dinser with Bacciochi—The Italian Question—The Cote @Or—Tasting the Vintages—importan: Hxperiments in the Transportation of Wines. ‘The genius of gaiety isat this moment paramount in the ancient palace of St. Cloud. Despite some tragioal events in tte history, this little insignificant town, adoat two leagues west of Paris, and named a‘ter the grandvon of Clovis, who, havirg eseaped when his brothers were mur- dered by their unc ¢ Clotaire, here conceaied himself in ‘a wood and lived as a hermit, has continued the favorite resort alike of the Bourbons and Bomapartes. It was at St. Cloud that Heary III. was assassinated in 1559. The town was before this, in—I think, 1266—burnt by the English, aud again im 141]. Henrietta, the consort of Charlee 1., of Eoginnd, ¢ied here in 1670, There also oc. cured im the Salle d’Orangerie the coup w’état of the great Napoleon of the 18:h Srumaire, or 10th of November, 1799; and there, too, was signed, in 1616, the famous capitulation of Paris—fitteen years after which date, from the same place, issued the famous decrees of Charles X., which caused the revolutions of Jaly. But Napoleon IIl., mothing daunted by the grim sha- dows of the past, cherishes this beautiful pa'aceas though it had beem one cf his proper creations, He has been heard to say that he never feels so happy as when within ite walle, Indeed, it porsesses everything that can wile State of tte cares, and unite the domesticity of a private dwelling with the splendor of a palace. its magnificent park, ite luxarious gardens, its pic- tureeque waterfalls, ite splendid position, overlook- ing the silver waters of the Seine, with the vineyards studded om its banks, captivated the house of Orleans, who spent vast sums of money upon, it aedid also the un- fortusate Marie Antoinette, whose favorite residence it beesme. Napoleon the First did the same, an¢ daring the reigm of the Urieans dynasty, Louis Pailippe spared no expenditure. Since Louis Napoleon made his coup d'état, every frame thet eovld be reseued fro works bas been devoted to the improvement of t gardens and palace of St. Clond. And now bis Msjesty is there in the zenith of hie glory. Tse Empress is with him, inhaling the sweet breezes that softly whisper through those sheltered and cdorite- rous gardens, sad is gaining health and strength every dey. By her side repores the infant heir of a nsne which under his auspices, Napoleon fondly hopes history will point to with not less pride and aémication than to that of his renowned prececessor. The fortune of war has Dieesed his arms. A peace of his own dictation reigns throvghout the world. And at this moment he plays the hos: to two young princes who look up to him as their Gamaliel, as the most wonderful hero of their stock, and cne from whom they may well learn instruetioa and wis- dom. TheGrand Dake Maximilian, a youth about 22 years of sge, and brother of the Emperor of Austria, is one, and Prince Osear of Sweden, the grandson of Borna- éotte, is the cther, who is but a few years older. With them the Emperor loves to fling aside the pomp and ceremony that doth beset a king. In the morriag al three are to be seen among the Emperor’s roses, breath- ing the fragrant Havana, and chatting, Isughiog, musing, arm-in-arm, ss if the government of mankind were no part of their vocation. Sometimes the Empress from her couch, which has been wheeled to the window ot the Salle d’Orangerie, lets tall sweet Words—as the fabled fairy did pearlse—among this trinity of princes; and sometimes the nurse, with the hetr apparent, is sent toadd to the domesticity of the enjoyment. Inaa in- stant the enfant de France is csught dy one or the oth Now it is the Emperor who gives him a toss, now Prince Osear, now the yourg Maximilian, till at last the nurse is obli respectfully to remonstrate. and the fair Eugenia issues an imperial decree that the Emperor and his gutsts ‘ghall leave the young child alone.’”’ To vary the scene, the Emperor carries them off toa review at Versailles, then to the Louvre, and when a talk of dinner begins. Prince Maximilian prefers a request—‘'] have heard al my life,” he said, ‘of the Trois Freres, and what won- cerful things ean there be improvised fur the traveller, whatever be bis condition. should certainly jike to haves practical experience of the art cf this famous restaurant.” The Dmperor laughed heartily. ‘I should Mie nothing better, my dear Prince,’’ ssid bis Majesty, “than myreit 10 corcuct you there. In furmer days I ‘a pleasant hour in that quartier of at Iam afcaid, were I now tog) with the simplicity of the feast. Bocsio- Paris, and knows all artiste , who hasany have enjoyed many e Pa'al ‘ais Royal; bi yeu, I ahould spoil chi, who fs the greatest gourmet in the beet cithes, and the particular especial forte, shal! immediately go across and order a dinner for yourrelfand suite. Ask him to die with you, and be very sure you will have one,’’ Away flew Baeciochi. A quarter of an hour’s mysteri- ous conversation with the chef of Les Trois Freres Pro- venceaux was sufficient, and in two hours’ time the bro- ther of the Emperor of Austria was seated ata banq which, for delicacy of cuisine, lussiousmess of wine megnificence of mise en could be equalled by no other house ct general entertainment in any capital of the civilized world. The next morning the young Arch- duke recounted all he nad seen and tasted tothe Enpe ror and Empress, when the latter smiled and said, ‘I to», bave often cined there in days of yore, and retain such 8 plessant recollection of the occasion that I don’t know ror tO dat whether I shall not ene day persuade the Ea take me there again en bourgeois; only, ing, “without putting @ patch on eith there is no Cieguising him.” Baeciochi, who pre- sent while this cenverastion was going on, declared he ehould like nothing better than to render the same service to her Majesty. -‘Oh, thank you, Count,” replied the Empress; ‘I krow very well how to orderat tae Trois Freres, and,"’ added she, *‘shall be too happy to havethe approval of so distinguished a judge as yourself.”” jer Msjesty’s state of healt is much improved, but she is stiil unable to walk. In the Constitutionnel of yesterday is an article on the Italian question, which has added fresh fuel to the inte- rest already taken in the subject. It is remarked that the Constitutemnel has hitherto taken part which has been sgainst any in‘er’e- Tence vith the Italian Peninsuis. Suddenly, however, all is charged, and the artisle in question would appear to corroborate the view I ventured to take ins former letter, that a perfect understanding had been arrived at between the Pope, the Emperor of Austris and the gov- ernment of France, as to the steps to be taken on the publication of the Sardinian dccument, the contents of which had formerly met their approval. “The profound respect” says the Constitutionnel, ‘in- spired by the sacred character of the sovereign Pontiff, and the august authority of the Holy See. preserve us from the exaggerations into whicas portion of the Euro- pean prees has fallen. But would it be an ex to hope that the Pope has comprehended that has at length sounded for the completion of what may be termed the administration and gcvernmental reforms in which, it must be admitted, the statate of 1847 made se- rious advances ’’’ The whole spirit of the article in this semi-official journal is, in fact, to recommend the adop- tion ot the principles laid down in the famous nove of a. de Cavour, To turn to a subject of differentinterest: A letter from Dijon has been received, describing an event unexampled in wine producing countries having recently taken place; namely, the exhibition and tasting of upwards of sixty sorts of wines of different ages and of the Cote dUr. The ceremony took place with great formality, under the seecltoure of the mayer, and was attended by all the principal land owners and other not abilities of the department. Its object was to ascertain the precise value of the Cote d’Or wines, taken in their aggregate, and te what extent they justify the qualifications of the first wines in. the world, given them reoently by the Commission of the Untversal Exhibition. The tasters tried, successively, samples of the Corton, Chassagne, Clos de is Maltroye of 1802 aud 1806, Maltroys of 1818, Clos Vougeot of 1826, and Clos St. Jean of 1821—tne last three years were considered ae Gone me diveres). m they tried Silos Vi it of 1819 and 1825, Clos de la Tache 1825, la Tache , Musigny Vougeot, St. Georges 1634, etc., ete. The result was very favor- able. All the wines were declared to possess, in « strik {ng manner, their peculiar general character and disti: ishing qualities. Bat the Corton and Chaseagne fez and 1 appeared weak. The Maltroye of 1818, the Clos Vougeot of 1826, and the Clos St. Jean ot 1827, were remarked for their perfect preservation. This fact was considered very important, as showing that, whatever ve the medicerity of the year to which they belong, they merit theerteem of connciaseurs. As to the Clos Vougeot of 1819 and 1825, they were highly pratved. The ssme many be sald of the Beaune, Volnay Corton, and Ia Tache of 1822 and 1824—in<licsting that there trath in the popular belief that fine Frensb wines cannot be kept to any creat se, ¢ tasters considered as of the highest possible merit, and in fact as hors ligne, to use their own expression, tha wines of these various growths of 1841 and 1842. Those of "46, 748, '49 were highly appreciated. A question of great importance was then brought forward which cannot be without interest to the numerous readers of the IisRatp, fond as mavy of them are known to be of that Juscious fruit of the vine produced on thia side of the Atlantic. It has been the opinion of many persons that the wines of the Cote G’Ur eannot bear jong voyages or distant climates, and to decide the matter some sampies of Pomard of 1842, which had been to Caleutta; of Vol nay, of 1846, which had been to Bahiain the Brazils, of Romance, of 1842, which had been to Kiakta (siveria), were compared with others of the seme kiod which had been kept in the cellars of their owners, The tasters unanimously declare? that there was no difference as regards essential qualities between the travelled and stationary wines. The Pomard and the Volnay voyaged by sen; but the Romanée, after being sent to St. l’e'ora- burg by the Baltic, traversed ail Russia and all Siberia before reaching Kiatka, on the borders of Chins—that {s to say, the parts of Europe in which the climate i inclement, and it was conveyed partly in carts and o ele¢gen, amidet ice and snow and torrents of in, as also exposed to every extreme of heat and cold, xperiment, therefore, may be considered decisive, ite wines were thought to retain thetr qualities The Montrachet, the Che tard Montracbet, and the ult of 1818, 1822, 1825, e freshneas of tante, The » &o., when converted intq almost better than the red Montrashet, y of 1819, an: 2 posserned incom geot, Corton, Vorme: Cote Or, have not too much and are no’ heay: and bendy, thet the tasters thed upwande of 0) wince, ofas mong, thenselvee, or the preeang sum 6 @1 Count de Cavour with agold ae a0 act of gratitude for his noble conduct at the Oongress of Paris, Pan, May 22, 1856. Ihe Weather amd Inundations—Ph- Pripartite Treaty—Na- poleon’s Declaration of Good Faith towards Russia— Public Opinion on England’s Katian Policy Reurn of the Crimean Troops—The Palmer Trial Excitemen!—Bd- tungon the Result—Healith of the Empress—Portrait of the Infant Prince, &. The very extraordinary weather we have experienced for nearly two months, is making iteeif seriously felt in some of the departments, and, unhappily, the promise of a change held out during the last few days hes not Deen fulilled. The accounts of inundations in the neigh- Dorhood of Lyons, from the overflow of the Seone; from Valence, from that cf the Rhone; from Avignon, from Gien, where the Loire has risen rapidly—all the quays being under water—is very distressing. In many places the inbabitanty were making preparations to remove their property and quit their homes. The valleys of the Adour and of the Gave, were completely inundated. Pey- reborade and all the surrounding country has been foun dated by the overflowing of the Gave. The promise of an abundant vintage is entirely destroyed. It begins to be generally understood that what {s called the tripartite treaty of the 15th of April, in which Eog- land, France and Austria are conjotatly bound to gaard ‘the integrity of the Turkish empise, is less of a nature to give umbrage to Russia than was/at first presumed. In drawing out the fangs of Russia, there was danger lest another power should possess a monopoly of doing mis- chief. Austria, now brought face to face with Turkey—the Danube become an Austrian river, her armies and her emissaries generally, ever on the apot ason the wateh, to act instantaneously, or find cause for interference with the iaterns! arrangements of her weak neighbor—might at some future day become the real disturber of the European equillbriam. To make her a party to the tripartite treaty, which gusran- tees Turkey from every species of aggression, moral or physical, isto exact # pledge from her which, did she fail to redeem, would place Austria under the direct fre of Fogland and France, and, in all probability, that of Russia, It, in fact, begins to be thought that Austris, by her diplomatic skill, has gained s> much in thie recent European ebuliition, thats bond of some such character was absolutely necersary. I: is rumored tha: the morning after the arrival of the Emperor of Austria’s brother, the Archinke Maximilian, aconference took plce at St. Ciond, in the Emperor's cabinet, at which the Ruesian ambassador was invited to bepreseut. That the tone of Napoleon on this oscasion ‘was more than usually energetic, and that—addressing the Russian envoy—be mid, “I wish, in the presence of Prince Maximilian, to declare that I never for a momoat contemplated a breach of {sith on the part of the Russian government—that I never desired any oth:r guarantee than that given by the Emperor Alexander; bat?»—turning to Prince Maximilian—‘as « trastee for the equilibrium of Europe, I was bound to recollest the great temptations thrown in the way of the government of Austria; temptations of a growing character, which might in any change of European circumstances, strongly per- suade Austria to adopt a new polisy. Not that such could happen in the reign of the present Emperor, on whose good faith I have the most perfect reliance, but we are all mortal, ard it is the office of s guardian to provide against events often in their nature apparently tmpos- sible.”” This conference was not considered confidential. It was openly spoken of the same evening at the house of the kexon minister, and has sines been freely com- mented on in diplomatic circles. On the subject of Italy I have at present no more to add, but the anes quotations from an article in the Assemblée Nationale, well known organ of the fasion. iat pert), will give some idea of the v.ew taken of Eng. Jan ae in etl “What caresjEpgland for the popularity of the King of Naples, or for the glory of the Holy sar” Ww Gesire is as clear as the day-light. She wishes, per j nefas, to extend her domination, and that of Sardinia in Italy. Genoa no longer suffices. She would possess An- cons, Cevita- Vecchia, Messina and Palermo; and lat‘erly Trieste, Leghorn and Venice. We do not say that Eng- land would plant her fieg on all these spots. No; her Measures sre more ciscreet, more subtle. Sne does not aspire an increase of territory, but to arrive ava dominstion without a rival. ‘[t suffices for her to establish where she would reign, that chro. nic and morbid anarchy which hae delivered up to her for a Jeng time past the repuolics ot the New World, Spain and Portugal. This is what England would fan, tiles. She wishes to) strike Itaty in tne neart and 1 y destroying poral power of the Pope. When tte Papal power ehall heve been sbased, [aly will become an easy prey, and revolutionists will have speedily Gelivered up the bleeding remains to the savage avidity of the London and Liverpool merehants Italy will have descended to the last rank among the nations; but the Pariiaments ef Westminster and Tarim will sing praises of her liberty and independence.’’ An idea way be formed of the activity displayed in bringing away the troops from the Crimea, from the ar- rivals w! ave already teken place in the French ter- ritory. The division of General Failly, composed of tre 10th, 57tb, 6let and 85th regimen‘s of infantry, arrives in France in the beginning of this month. The three regi- ments of Zouaves, which left the Crimes on the 2lst of April for Algeria, have arrived at their destination, and between the Ist ard 16th of this month there were !snaea at Mareeilles seven companies of engineers, the first bat- tallon of foot chasseurs, and the 6th, 7th, 20th, ¥0ch sud let, 64th and 82d regiments of intaniry. It is stated that the Russian vessels sunk at the en! rance of the harbor of Sebastopol are very much injarei hy their submersion, owing to their having been buil: of tic instead of cak. The trial of Palmer for the Rugely murder, which is now taking place in Loudon, excites as much interest in Paris as it occurring before s French tribunal. It is diffi cult to ray whether savamis, jurisconsalts, medical men, or the sporting world are most occupied about it. The more lively interest is certainly evinced by the last. The bets were two to one before the examination of Dr. Tay- lor that tke prisoner would be found guilty, since which, however, a great change ef opipion nas declared itself. The cdds are all now the other way, and it is thougat the sution will break down for want of proof. That k died frem strychnine no body doubts, but the jumb- ling up of the viecera, it is believed, has saved the prison Nothing, perhaps, could mors effectually show the differ. ent relations wkich France and Eogland now have towards each other, in consequence of the telegraph, than this trial. The two countries are gradually, as it were, spite of their language and the opposition of their habits, amalgamating. Every pulsation in the one is met by a corresponding vibration in the other. The lapse of a quarter of a century must inevitably produce chaoges Moe will equal thore of two hundred years of their past story. The Empress was well enough to be driven to the re- view the other day, at Versailles, in honor of Prince Os car of Sweden, and the Grand Duke Maximilian, No in- convenience arises to her from the motion of acarriage, but the moment she attempts to put her foot on the ground abe is selset with es and pauses, omgroere A ‘Yo- miting. ere is no hope at present of her jeaty’s be- ing able to attend the forthooming Sicemtuay of the bap tism. Previous to the departure for St, Cloud the por- trait of the Enfant ce France was taken. It is sald that the color and shape of his eyes are those of his mother, and as there are certainly the worst features Napoleom possesses, I presume it is meant we are to anticipate a combinatlon—a mélange~ot the parental lineaments, the uncomelier parts being lett out. The state ceremonial which distinguished the first tetany Ad his little Impe- rial Highness trom the Tuileries to St. Cloud {s to be ri- gidly persevered in. On occasion the which conveys his rnante, nurse and himself, casarted by 2 eyundcon or 6 8, and all the popula- tion is ealied to bear witness hat le! an infant is among them. The natural good sense and unaffected sim- pitelty ot Napoleon’s character, it might be supposed, have led him to avoid this pandering to the vulgar. But perhaps he reasons like his uncle. “When Iremea- ber,”’ said the first Bonaparte, ‘‘all the good that has followed the eeremonials of kings, irksome as {t is, and bo a tga it Fol Sane tee even over educat- minds, I am not prepa ¢inpense wi subdue mankind, it must be dazzled.” eT Affairs in British Guiana. OUR DEMERARA CORRESPONDENCE. GroRGETOWN, DrMERARA, April 9, 1856, The Angel Gabriel Riots— Destruction of Portuguese Pro- perty—The Negro Populatio. When I was in New York, and heard of the doings of the Angel Gabriel, I did not know he was s Mulatto, and that Demerara had the questionable honor of his birth. He has, however, returned hore to his mother, (‘ Miss” Mary Ano Orr,) and by his preaching to the negroes against our Catholic Portuguese immi- grants, bas excited the most serious riots and destraction of property. He ts now in jail, awalting his trial for se- dition. [Orr has been convicted since. | The lors to the Porteguese shopkeepers, from plunder, amounts to about $580,000, which, of course, the colony? will have to make goo¢. There never was a more atrocious and unprovoked out- break than that of our regro population, It shows them to be irreclaimably ravage, and that their er and normal condition {a slavery ; or, as the Hon, ities Murray bas said, “labor under guidance.”” United States District Court. Pent Jury ror Moxpay, June %.—John Conroy, John J. Hutehins, Robert 8. Gould, Fdward Headley, Samuel Galloway, James H. Holden, John C. Goodell, Myer Gans, James Hopkins, Amory Edwards, James H. Gorham, Thos. B. Smith, Geo. Gaskin, Samuel H. St. John, Isaac D. Gar- mo, Jno, Hoban, Samuel M. Gardner, Wm. Field, Richard A. Hart, Geo. E, Baker, Geo. B. Houston, Wm. Demisom, John Hall, John A. Griffin, Wm. D. Hart, Ferdinand Law- renee. Jacob Haupert, Joneph H. Foster, Jacob Hough- out, Henry L. Lockwood, Wm. P. ‘Hall, Gao. ©. Herman Hernstine, Martio Grafelim jackson | renee, Peter Roberts, Joxeph ©. Gayetiy,, John Fawontt, Ieane Fitz, John Langhasr, Kdward H. Ludlow, Henry A, Fansbaw,’ Robert Cole, Féward Foot, Samuel Furman, ‘Alex Kyle, Jr., Peter Labrie, Franklin (. Field, ‘The Parish Will Case, SURROGATE’S COURT. Before A. W. Bradford. In the Matter of Ne Witlof the Late Henry Parrish. . The testimony in this long protracted case, whish continues to eceupy the atter'\on of the surrogate and several counsel, will, in all probebility, last throughout the month of June. Joseph Kernochan, called by opponents of the codicils, Deing sworn, says: 1 am @ merchant, residing in the city of New York, aged sixty-seven years ; I kaew Henry Pariah, deceased, fitty-aix years at least ; 1 know Daniel Parish very well, and have known hiss for the last thirty- eight years ; my late wife was a ocusin of the Messrs. Parish ; ] frst knew Henry Parish in Newburgh, in the gummer of 1709 ; he was a clerk to his uncles Jacob & Thomas Powell, in Newburgh, in a store; I was then a clerk im a neighboring store ia the same village ; Henry Parish remained in Newburg’ until 1805 or 1805 ; he then eame to New York ; I first knew Daniel Parish, in New- burgh, 1p 1818 ; J think he had left school at that time, and had been a clerk with his uncles the Mesars. Powell, but ‘was not then in their employment ; in the summer of 1818 Daniel became a with his bro her Bowes Lee came Interested in it on let Jaouary, 1819 ; that firm with some additional partners and brancaes continued iil July, 1833, when | retired ; atter that the business in New York was contiaued uncer the firm of Parish, Marshall & Co., comsisting ot Henry Parish, John R. Marshall, Daaiel Parish and Leroy M. Wyley ; there was a firm ‘York at the same time, styled H. & D. Parish, composes ot Heesyand Daniel only ; [ am not aware thet firm of H. & D. Pariah has ever been dissolved ; Parish, were at the game time dissolved; Henry Parish retiring therefrom and from commerciat buciaess ; Henry Parich three broth: Daniel, Thomas ana James; Thomas was Lever mi ; he died at the disso: Tution in 1838; he died at the house of Henry Parish, in New York, as I understand; James Parish is yet living, and resices in Duchess county; he is married and has children; Henry Parish had two sisters, one Miss Aune Pi ‘8 maiden lady reviding at Newburg with her sis- ter, Mrs. Sherman; other sister is Martha, now the wite a an, who has three or four children; when Thomas died his tather was livieg; the father died in November, 1841; Thomas left an estate of $200,000 to $240,000; he died without lea ill; 1 thiak Daniel Parish was married, I thiok in jt, 1821; he has » numter of children, quice » number; Henry married, I think, in 1828; it wae after he returned to business, ia 1827;’ Henry Parish firet kept house in Barclay street, No, 49; there were three houses built them togeeer, on: occupied has Leavitt, one by Henry Parisp, ani one by Daniel Parish, the last two adjoiing; the brothers took the Jeases from Columbia College, bulit t-gether; they moved into their houses about 1830 or 1831; they lived there until Henry moved into his house 1a Union equare, I think in 1848; Daciel lived in Barclay street unsil within two or three years Inst past, when he moved into hig new house in the Fitth avenue, at the corner of Sixteenth street; Henry Parish firat’ went to surope in the autumn of 1842, (think, and@ he returned in the summer of 1844; that waa his only absence from the country; Henry and Dasiel pages ground ia Washington piace, perhaps about 1840, for the parpose of building together, side by side; in consequence of soms discovered or fancied defect in title they got ria of that purchase; during Henry’s absence ia Europe, in 1843 or the winter of 1843-4, Daniel Parish, as { under- stood from both of them, in pursuance of an understand- ing between him and his brother, before the departure of the latter for Hurope, purchased grounds for both of them on Union square, not adjoining, but near eash other; Danie: does not own the lots on "Union square at this time; he disposed of them after his brother wae tacked with paraiyeis in 1849 or 1850, believe; those two lots were about fifty feet apart; I was as intimate with Henry Parish as could be with any man; I never knew the slightest interraption of the relations of Daniel and Henry down tothe time of his attack of para: Jysis; 1 should thiok their relations were perfectly cor Cis] always; I never knew any OF cause /or any Cifference; H. & D. Parish kept all their books, the books of their old concern, and thelr present books, in ons cffice; that was the common place of meeting of all three ot us, every day when we were in town; they kept a bovk- Reeptr; George W. Folsom was their book-keeper; Daniel Parish and myself still continue to occupy an office together, and Mr. Folsom is still there as bookkeeper; the vaiue of the real estate on Union Square in 18491 have no data to judge of; it was very valuable undcub.- edly; I should think from $100,000 to $120,000 at that time—certainly the latter sum now; the house and lot 67 Wall street, in 1849, was worth, I tink, $90,000, judging frcm its income and sales of ether properby in the neigh- borhood; it produces now, over $11,000 per annam; I was intimate with his habits in relation to investments: [ knew all that he did pretty much in that way. Q. To your knowledge, did Mr. Parish ever invest in such secu- Titles which were purchased after his atiack? A. In answer to that, I can only say that Mr. Parish was not in the habit of invesving in railroad bonds; they were not 8 favorite security with bim. Q. Prior to retiriog from business in 1838, what were Mr. Pa:ish’s domestis habis in reference to the mode of spending his time? A. His tyme was chiefly occupied in his business, it being a very extensive one; I think he usually dined at home; after dinner he frequently eame to the store; when busiaess ‘was brisk he always came in fact; when he not en- gaged in the store, I frequently met him im the evening at the clat—the Union Clun or the Rackett Clab; from the club he frequently pretty la.e in going home. Q Was bis habit, in respect te where or how he speat his afternoons and evenings after diener, observed upon in your heating by his wite? A. I have frequently heard Mrs. Parish reproach him for spending too many of nis everings at the club, and sometimes for staying so late. Q. As to understanding and capacity for business, and for conducting the affeirs of lite, what was the character ot his mind? A. He was di creet in all thiogs, so fer as I knew—of sound judgment, rather slow to decide. Q In what way cid he speak ot Daniel. and what sentinen:s, if any, express about him? A. Always favorable as to bis capacity for business, and never unfavorable on acy topic. Q. What was the manner of their intercourre on these occasions, down to the attack in 1849? A. Always friendly and brotherly, so far as I knew or could per- ceive. Q. Were you in the habit of visitiog Mr. aca Mrs. Parish alter the attack in 1849? A. [ was in the constant habit of visitirg at the house. when | dined with him J spent probably three hours at the house; the evening visits were usually longer then thore in the day when I did not dine; that arose from finding general:y Mra. Parish’s brothers at the house, and having various subjects to talk over; I also met Mr, Charles A. Davis in the evenings occasiont at dinner he was brought into the dining room by assistancs of a servant; the servant pinned or placed # nepkin un- der bis chip; hia victuals or mest, if they required cut- ting up, were cut up by @ servant; he could not cat them himselt; be fed himself with » fork in his left hand, of which he seemed to bave the pretty free use. Q. Prior to the death cf Mr. Parish, dia you ever hear of either of the two papers which have been here propounded as the second and third codicils? A. I never did. Q. At,these visits which you made to the house of Mr. Parish were ou ever alone with him? A. No, sir; never to any length of time: perhaps never to the extent of balf a i Ieay that up to within a year or #0 of his death; wi.bin the last year or fifteen months of his life I have been with him alone, perhaps from one to three minutes; when at these visits we were not alone; Mre. Parish was ly present, and in her absence one of the Messrs. , Henry or William; it sometimes happened that there before Mrs. Parish had returned trom Grace sh, on Sundaye, and then I found one of the Messra. eld there, as I'stated before. Q. Did you ever hear ord since his attack in 18497 A. ‘& sound, accompanied with a nod, t the head, which I interpreted, according to the nod or sl of the head, as affirmative or negative; within my hearing there never was any distinct articu lation in any case, not even cf single word; the sound ‘was always very much alike, though sometimes loucer than at others. Q. You have spoken of a nod and shake of the head; had he any other gesture or motion, which he used, in connection with sound? A. Yes, he had a motion of his left hand, which he used in connectien with a sound, # continuous sound; and sometimes when more vehement than at others, he would put his two fore fingers in his mouth, his mouth Mee open, and the sound being continued until sometimes it was stopped by the intervention of the fingers; that was the versal motion, waving the left hand with the two fore fingers pong! ant Cty the Lae tage scross in front, terminat attio ote nat, wate: Sonn a dees nin, nin; the sound was always the same, but sometimes more rapid and louder, than at others; if it couid be spelled at all, it mast always be with the same letters. Q. yon ever und or attach any meaning to this last mentioned motion or series of mo- tions with the hand, or the sounds sccompan: them’ A. I certatnly never them: I was told tha: he wanted to be i 1 attacaed mo definite meaning to them of my own observa- yourself ever discover er per- and mo- tions, t! wan! informed of bento A. I was told that was his object, but I never could make it out with any certainty myself; about the 18th of August, 1849, Mrs. Parish told me that Mr. Parish was desirous that I should take his power of attorney and act for him, until he should be restored; Mr. Parish was then sitting up, I believe, in his bedroom; | was told, aig by Mre. Parish, that he was so desirous, not in pre- rence; 1 am not quite certain about that, but I asked Mr. Parish if he wished me to take the power in question to which he no? ded his head, and I le‘t his presence wir the understanding between Mra, Parish and myself that I would accept the power; cn going cown stairs I met Drs. Johnson and Markoe in the library, and asked Dr. Jobneon if be thought Mr. Parish’s mind was ia such a state as to enable bim to do business understandingly; he said that he thought that was very doubtful, and Dr. Markce agreed with him, asl understood him; I finally came to the conclusion that I would not accept the power, which conclusion J communicated to Mrs. Parish the next morning; | think I gave her as @ reason the conversation which bad occurred’ between me and the physicians in the library, as I have stated: I think sometime in the month of December, Mrs, Parish told he will had been taken from the box centai: his papers at the bank ; that was the firs: I had heard; don’t recollect hearing it before from ay other perso the first time afterwards when I saw Mr. Folsem, who rge of the tin box, and had the key of it, I'asked him about it, having heard the fact at Union equare; he tela me he had taken the will out of the box and placed it at the Fulton bank; Mra. Parish expressed to me when I next saw her a very anxious wish to get the will; I told her I would use what influence I possessed to hi it pro. duced; 1 thisk on the seventh ef January, 1850, 1 seco ied Mr. Folsom to Union square with thi Eat beon taken from the Fulton Bunk fort Mr. Folsom handed the will to Mr. Parish, 1 think; it under seal, and the envelope bad never beom broken: the seal had never been broken; Mr. Folsom and myself both tried repeatedly to ascertain from Mr. Parish whether it was his wish 0 have and keop the will, and he occasionally on being thus interrogated nodded, and sometimes shosk his head, and I was till the last uncertain what his desire war—and J remain still in ignorance as te that to this day; } Idon’t know wheth or he wasted jt or not; in gonnection | an; T think Mfr, HouryTarish wae uot proces A a ‘was not it when she told me that, but J am not certain; | expre: sed to her my at the time the will was surrea- ‘arish, Mrs. Parish I did not be- anything to do with the matter. Q. the was Mr. Parish ever at tne office in street? A. Very often in his carrisge, and, I think, on some occasions he was assisted iato the store; we occu: whole lower floor of the store at that time, for aa ear no one 3 oul 3 éxplain to Mrs, Parish what hed been done, her the books; these visite were almost all previous tothe first of January, 1850, if I recollect right, but ‘were in the habit all along of calling ia carriage, © ne" in after we moved the office up stairs; that they would send the man to say that Mr. and Parish wanted to see either Mr. Folsom or myselt; reesei or distineti¢; T nao fie sly" a f remember ; I very frequently wen! ‘to see them in the on these occasions; Iwas sent for, Mrs. Pi commonly some, to sey to me about either the renting of pro} tvidends to be collected; that was pretty mi all. Parish inform you that she was placing stocks investments in her own name? to be made? A. Very Q. Look at ea Ex. 10, ocntainiog the pur by her, Es whether she over ‘eon. sulted you about purchasing or in any of the se- curities mentioned on that paper? A. I think not, Q Did Mrs. Parish mention to you, at any time, anything about Mr. Daniel Parish doing anything objectionable at the house of Mr. Parish? A. She told me he had pushed rudely by her and into his brother’s room, on one oces- sion when she had told bim he was not in @ condition to de seen; it must have been in the summer of 1849, she told me this soon after the attack; it could not have been Jeng afterwards. Q. After tne attack and after Mr. Pi rish was up, had you any about Mr. Henry Pariah’s read! I had one or two conversations wi! and understood from her that he could neither write; I don’t mean to say that he could not know the Jetters—some of them—but that he was notin the habit of reading; I # to her that it would bea kind of pastime to him if he could read; I also remarked that it would be very easy, he then havi the use of his left band, to learn to write with his left hand; I also sug- (lies Sribes dictionary and referring to the words, his locking up words and pointing to them to construct phrases and sentences, by which it wonld be known cer- tainly, what he wanted to communicate; I made these suggestions several t1mes, but do not know that they were ever attempted, either of them, Q. Did you ever seo him read anything? A. Never; I don’t know that I ever saw him attempt to read anything. Q. When you spoke to Mrs. Parish about his writing with his left hand, what did ehe say’ A I don’t distinctly remember the wor used, but the amount of it was that he would not ‘he trouble; that was what I gathered to be the substance of her answer. Q. When you suggested the cdretionary pt prs what did she say? A. The an- swer was to the same effect. Q. Did you ever suggest to Mrs. Parish anything about the use by Mr. Parish of block letters to convey his meaning? A. 1 am not quite certain whether I ever suggested that but she told me they had been placed before him, and that he brushed them off with his hand or arm. ‘The Central Park. The following isa synopms of Lieut, Viele’s plan for laying out the Central Park, which was submitted to the Commissioners at their last meeting:— This plan for laying out the grounds included within the limits of the Central Park is based upon the topo- graphical configuration of the ground. Geologically, the rocks of this tract belong to the gneiss formation, with occasional injections of granite veins; the characteristics of the rocks vary in different portions owing to the presence, to a greater or less extent, of ferruginous matter, which has the effect to hasten its disintegration when present in large quantities. In some perticns, also, the planes of stratification are more distinctly marked than im others. On this feature de- pends its adaptability for works of constructing bridges, culverts, &. The rocks, in many portions of the area, have been, by the process of denudation, entirely deprived of the sur- face soil, having a bare, uninviting and unpicturesque aspect. The lesser valleys, whieh intervene between the elevations, have, to a certain extent, streams of drain- age, which of course being limited by the area draired, are variable in their character, being at times entirely dried up. Several surface sprin; for the same reason, cannot be depen extensive purposes. There are very few trees, Vegetation, in consequence of the premises being for a long \ime €xposea and open to common we, has, in » great measure, been destroyed. Tnere are some bush- wood, which can, by cultivation, be made use of. A comparatively small pordon of the area is at present le- vel. It will at once,be perceived that the work of the topearaphical engineer must precede that of the lardscape gardener or any artificial embellishments, ‘The avenues and roads must conform to the natural character of the surface, and they must be located witn extreme care, having particular reference to their proper drainage, gradients and the materials of which they are compored, as well as to @ picturesque variety in their character and direction. They should more especially conform to the wants of the citizens at large, for whose benefit the park is laid out, Although a continuous drive of Nab Rap} or thirty miles ht be laid out within the limits of the park, the effect of it would be a necessity for retracing the ground once parsed over or to complete the whole circuit. The principal avenue in the should be ene which, while it embraced the main ures of the ground, would be of such a convenient length that it would be over in its whole extent without becomirg a tedious ride. At the same time there should be lateral roads whose ramifications should embrace the whole ares. Some of these latter roads should be so arranged as to afford avenues of transit across the park which, without being made too regular in their character, might still correspond to the wider streets which have been laid out across the city. The Commissioners of the Croton Aqueduc: Department have signified their willingness to adopt any rational plan for modifying the parallelogramic shape of the proposed new reservoir, provided the absolute area be maintained and the cost of construction be not increased. This will admit of the new reservoir being made to assume the ap- pearance of 8 natural lake, and thus to form not the least striking and beautifal feature of the park. Havicg thus premised the principal features of the ground to be dealt with, and tre main conditions which ought to be fulfilled, a description of the proposed plan fommencing at the sonthern extremity, we enter the park atthe corner of Fifth avenue and Fifty-ninth street, by a wide gateway on an avenue of one hundred feet in width, called the “Circuit,” which assumes a winding dizection, conformable to the topography of the surface, cccupying & mean position between the lines of the Fifth and Sixth avenues. Ov reaching the neighborhood ot the present reservoir, the “Circuit” approaches closely to the Fifth avenue, leaving between the latter and the reservolr a level plain of about sixty acres in extent, intended tor » parade for the various volunteer military corps in the city. After leaving ‘the Parade,” ‘‘the Circuit” passes to the right of “ the Botanicél Garden,”” cecupying an area of about two thousand feet in width, and ¢xtending from the Fifth to the Egatn ‘avenue, be- ‘tween the present and new reservoir, wing *‘ the Bo- tanical Garden” {t passes around the new reservoir, laid out in irregular shape, and designated ‘the Croton Lake;”’ a considerable ion of “the Circuit’? over- looks the lake, and at same time commands an ¢: tenaive and beautiful view of the Harlem river, part of Westchester county and Long IrlandSounsd. From ‘Cro- ircuit,’”’ maintaining the same general ftof the ‘ Botanical Garden,” Baia ota, ang Titan pe avenues, i of thirty acres, and lea’ c the park “at the junction of Broadway, Fifty-ninth street and the Eighth avenue. Manhattan avenne commences at a oe entrance on oo Sixth avenxes, oscupies a cent the it reservoir. In addition to at proportional distances, ne Hundred and Sixth streets; smaller avenues wind around the hills streams which meander h the grounds, supplying water here and there to numerous small and beautitul lakes. To the avenues have been re the names of the Indian counties of the State, and it is proposed to collect within the park specimens of the entire fiora of the State, so that the park with its great Iske, its noble public work, its minature mountains and fertile valleys, will be as it were an epitome and exponent of the great State in which it lies. It bas not been the intention here to describe all of the features which are marked upon the plan, the amall lakes and fountains, the statues, &c., nor is {t sup] t they constitute all which it will contain; but it is bellev- ed that the main features which have been enumerate form the basis of what is required and to which «1+ ground {s adapted. Careful measurement and care(ui study, aided by ju¢gment and taste, must fill up the plan,’ As | principle thore features which as q ny degree picturesque, should be suffered to rei state of nature, and thove should be made pleturanque which are susceptible of it. Those which are not and carninot be made picturesque should be rounded into an undulat Deauty or levelled for sward. By following these pi iples ‘the park can be readily adapted to the purposes for which it is intended, tnd made in every way worthy of the city of which it will orm the chief ornament, avenues run across the also, numerous tnd’ along the Deata BY SOMNAMBULIsM.—We | from the Andover Advertiser that on Wednesday at last, Mrs. Mary Cooper, wife of Edward one of North Andover, came to her death uncer the followiag aingular olreum: stances:—Mrs. retired to rest bee early hour with a young chifd, Her husband weat bed about ck, when his wife partially awoke, and remarked that she had been dreaming of washing hard. Nothin ore was said, and all went tosleep. At ut half-past vem o’clock the ghild cried, and Mr. Cooper called his On receiving( no reply, ‘he arose and found ahe was Analarm wias immediately given, search made, ‘body was found at about midnight in the millpond of Hodges? factory, pback of the house, floating upon the water some fifteen ‘or twenty feet from the shore, face downwards. It a that Mre. Cooper got up very carefully, and withiont a light passed down cellar, shut- ting the doors after; her, and took « tub, washboard and pail to the water. er Dr. Morse, ¢. Lawrence, waa balled to view the Body, but did not think bess to hold an inquest. ed was member of the Methodist Church at Satton’s Mille, and ia muppored to have aricen in a sommambulisitic state. She [eaves two little chil dren.— Boston Traveller, June 7. Columbia and ite Pelitics, TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Inasmuch as your correspondent, who subseribes him+ self “A Student of Columbia,” has proved himself egre- siously wrong im his evjectures respecting the politics of the college secret and literary societies, bat enpecially unjust towarts the ‘Peithologian,” 1, as an bumble member of the Istter, take it upon me to defend the character of that time honored association from all aspersions, From the mere wording of his communication it will be seen that he io a violemt sbolition! Qnd secks sete, sitiets oe ee Siete eee fortunately for us all, actions speas louder tham words, To prove the faliacy of his remarks, on of rey fe certified by the minutes of the Columbian trais, Whose politica he does not touch upon, and who it entis averse to piincipies advocated by With regara to the Delm Pai frat he ts equally in error; ana I would assert, om individual. authori y, that, bating one or two exceptions, as far as Tean judge, that fracernity is a sound conservatism. I will mention an instance which yesterday, to show that anti-slavery men are greatly in the minori- ty. A mectiog of students was calied to express indig- pation, on benalf of the students, against the Lunar, for its remarks on President King; but owing to the overwhelming of pro slavery sentiments, ‘the Hzaxp fortunately escaped the unmitigated censure of three rabid and frantic nigger worshippers, and the communication in this morning’s issue was the result. Hoping that you will insert inese facts, as a true states ment of matiers amd things, I remain yor PEITHOLOGIAN, 1 ro eee erro, or —_ HERALD. noticed in your fasue of yesterday # communication signed ‘(A Student of Columbia, Colle .” As this con- ale several misrepresentationa, I w vorrect And I do this the more readily because your jour- nal is the most wicely read and the most ably conducte® ofasy in our country. He enumerates the Delta Pht Soolety, (to which he evia atly bel yas Chi (mot the aa) Pai Fr servative;” the Pei U; Delta Psi, and Phi fraternities ‘‘as'throc-tourths ochservative;”” neat Sigma the good old’ Peitho! who is now fifty years Doasts of baving many moble sons of the South ac — a alumni, a 108% Cae gat slaresrs Yor shame! 10 compore the members of that society at the present time? Almost ail of them belong to the Pht Kapp Se. Delta Pai fraternities; but, according to ows statement, three-fourths of their combined members are conservative. Will, then, the remaining one-fourth, which amounts to about ten men, be sufficient to make s so- eety which numbers fifty members ‘ almost entirely anti-slavery?” There are not, howevar, an far as my exe pacitaite goes, ten men in the whole college wno enter- ‘ain such views. In fact, I know of but three. In con- clusion, I would advise ‘A Subscriber and Student of Columbia” to restrain his youthful rasbnese, and not ta endeavor, like an assassin, to stab the ‘glorious Ula Peithologian’’ in the dark. AN INDIGNANT PEICHOLOGIAN READER. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Naw YoRK COLUMBIA COLIBGE, June 2, 1856. It is with mingled surprise and regret that we notice im to-day’s issue of the Hxraxp a pare graph purporting to be from student of Columbia College, and entitled ‘‘Pre= sident King and Anti-Slavery Modeis.”? In this articla the author’s object appears to be i—Firat, to cast aalur upon President King for his participation in the meeting held at the Tabernacle on Friday evening last; se- condly, to givean accurate view of the political complexion: ot the secret and literary societies of Columbia College Grawn from *‘ pal observation ;”’ and thirdly, to favor the public with what he 1s pleased to nae an ennme- societies according to respective: g ration of the merits.” Ifthe gentleman (/) is a member of our cale lege, as he claims tobe, why did he betake himself ta that common sanctusry of all scribblers, an an signature?—thus seeking to avert the outburst of intige nation which bis uncandid and uncalled for contribu- tion to the columns of the HeRatp justly brought dows upon him? He has held up the shield of obseurity—ite eover is insufficient, for malevolence and zeal have caused him rashly to expose his person. We know who‘‘Sub- weriber” is, There is enough of the literary ‘Brooks’? about that article to indicate the author, had we never known his political sentiments, and enough of senselesd brag in his placing, the Delta Phi firat, to reveal the ae oe though it was enveloped in the cloak an incognito. We offer no extended vindication of our President—thag he can do for himself. We will not discuss the politicg of a college, where nine-tenths of the students are under dee roeleties ignore political questions and for- their discussion by constitutional provisi as things which are foreign to their aim and beyond thelz jacgment. But this much of our President and our poe littes (as “Subseriber” calls it): we do say, if there be one within our college circle so unworthy of the courage and generous blocd of youth as not to sustain President’ King in scorning both ‘-the act and the ators’ —if there beone among us who does not regard the attack of Preston S. Brooks upom Senater Sumner as bratal aad cowardly, he would be outlawed from our midst by com- mon eonsent. We come now to the third poimt. If the relative merits of ee —— are dage upon the num gentlemanly character, perso: larity, and scholarly attainments of their’ members, then melther in the estimation of the professors or tte students. dood the Delta Phi hold tke position which ‘Subscriber’ hag assigned it, We could tell the public, were ft necessary, what transpositions should be made in ‘Subscriber's’ Ust to render it correct, and where the Delta Phi would appear, if it were to be justly arranged ‘‘accori< ing to merit” —it is weil written: the last shall be first, anaes Rpeleney be Jast.’” we forbear. ‘‘Subscriber”’ already lies prostrate beneath the weight of well known facta; and not South Carolimans, we are unwilling to attack him in position. C. CSE, 8. B.—C. N. C.—W. PP hipaciy An Irish Soldier in Africa Seeking a Rel tive in the United States. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Fesrvary 21, 1856. May I, as an humble stranger, solicit your kindness by affording me a certain point of information, which, under existing circumstances, would, or may, be essentially ser< viceab! me, if so it be that my inquiry be based upom sufficient authentic grounds. Tama sort cf outcast, serving in the Sixth regiment of foot, Ihave been five years in this frontier of Africa. Binee my arrival hereat death or desolation and expatria- tion have swept all that remained of my ancient race from the living seenes of the Loved isiand of sorrow; and haviog once rectived some intimation that a cortaim relative proceeded to the American shores about five yeare ago, or 80, and that he took his stand at the Ame- Tican bar, I feel deeply interested in his fate, and hoj ou will, through your knowledge in public affairs, sate 5 my curiosity about him, if such fe within range of your extensive correspondence. I expect that before the end of this year I wiil be bound for Russiamcsmpaigning, and therefore would anxiously wish to hear from you up- on the subject already stated. Tam not personally acquainted with any Anglo-Irish or American authoritier, consequently, I pitch upon yous being, and most likely to be, able to communicate to ma the directions necessary for the accomplishment of my purpose in tracing ont the ‘Israelite Joseph.” His name is, or was, Morrcgh MacMahon—an ugly Iriste name, ; however, sir, we cannot, with due decency, change thore rugged Milestan originals, I request to receive absolution for this seemingly od® epistle, and, should it be necessary to shove a lit!la “penance” on me for my transgression, I have no objec- tion to submit to the same, although I beg to observe that my whole course here bas been somewhat peniten- tially carried out; for, sinee my arrival amongst the “blessed” race of Ham, I have had but little indul- gence in the pleasures of this life. Still, of course, as a “plebian’’? member, the thing could not affect me so hor- ribly as it would that of an aristocratic scion, whose on late should not be compared in any wise to such humble and subservient creatures as, sir, your very © 17 and faithfal servant, LUCIUS T, MACMAHON, of Thomond, P. S.—I beg tostate that my address is as follows unlesss that you may c some conve. pe cetera atted ble to persons in elevated #) to corres; witht private soldiers ‘Addrese—Private L. 7. MacMahon, Stath Kegimen! Graham’s Town, Cape of Good Hope. * " The Hughes Printing Telegraph Instruments TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. A Washington letter, over the signature of ‘‘ X,” pub lished last week in-some of the Philadelphia journm#s, makes some statements with regard to the Hughes Printing Telegraph instrument, which are very erroneous in point of fact; and you will oblige me by allowing = correction of them to appear in your journal. ‘‘X’” says, ‘one of the vital principles of the Hughes instru- ment is the combination of a natural magnet with am leetro magnet in its motive power—s combination uset n the Barnes and Zook instrument.” Ni des- cription of the Hughes instrament is not only un but it does not evem approach the semblance of tra' The ‘vital principles”’ of the Hughes inveation rest other combinations than the exploded contrivances ef former years, or the imperfeet ones of the present. Bat Bo principles are, it is not my purpose now te state. «X? pronounees as an “ unraitigated humbug’”’ the « ides that by the Hughes instrument messages can bewent both wsys simultaneously.” This feat, so far as I learn, has never been claimed absolutely in behalf of that aetrument. It has never been claimed that that invention Gonvey meseagen both ways over one wire at pre- clsely the sume instant of time, though, practically, it does secompliah this feat. That is, two operatorr—one at Philadelphia amd the other at New Yors—may trans- | mit toeaeh other, over one wi at the rate of ‘twelve to fifteen thousand tetera per hour from eact poizts or twenty-four to thir.y thousand letters from th; and this, to all practical purposes, is doing the ‘thi mmultaneously, ‘‘X,” and all others interested in matter, can in a few days have an ocular demon- stration of the correctness of what I here state. +X) {a guilty of @ very gross misstatement in his asser- von that Mr. Hughes has taken out « patent in thie country before sea | one abroad. The in, patents were secured in Fogland, Franee, and in other countries several months before the instrument was patented io this country. In Furope Mr. Hughen’ invention is looked upon as one of the most yy improvements of the age, destined to work a complete revolution in all systems of telegraphing. In this country, also, its friends have entire confidence, not only in its undoubted meri, but likewise in its absolute treedom from all infringe: ment wpon any existing patent, notwithstanding the in- sinuations of ‘'X’? as to the latter point, and in spite of the bolder arsertions of other interested parties, to whove order this letter of ‘‘X” was undoubtedly written, QUICK AS LIGHTNING.