The New York Herald Newspaper, April 13, 1856, Page 3

CENTRAL AMERICA, the Secessity end Opportanity of Estab- 5 a Spaniso-Awme-tean Congress. {From Ei Panameno, 15¢n Fe>.} Oismemberments uvdergone vy Maxico and Contra! ice forthe last ten year) have awnkenei the patri in of several of tae South American goveraments, in ir to obtain the reunirn of plenigoentiary mintaters, purposeiof adopting moasires ot tauual sesurliy Inst the spirit of anoexation waich prevails in the 4 States. Chill, Peru; Botvia end the repadiic of dor have already agreed upon the neses-ity of eatab- pg & Spanish-American Congress, The ides of Boli- springs up again, for time has not only presented opportunity but has proved the necessity of such an pagus to all the Spanish-American republics. has been a lamentable fact that whenever such au nbly met in former times, its delibarations were ly terminated. by its own acts, or its resolutions re- hed ineffectual. Congress of Paname was dissolved in conseqaenc> dioatorship of Oclumbis, whish frightened th fers of Peru, Mexico and Central America, Iume- ly after, the memoers ot that Congress mot again at bays, in Mexieo, ou. the ever vacillating polley of republic frustrated thy good in:entions of the As ay In 1839 the executive of Peru invited the South pican ally was to be repros be purpose cf concluving d:finitive treaties of peas: tiance against foreigo invation. @ pienipotentiarics of Bolivis, Chili, New Granada Kousdor having assembleu in Lima,’ spent the long ht years ip discussions, and came, at last, on Bth of February, 1818, to the conclusion of a treaty D tion, another of commerce and navigation, 3 ular dnd postal convention, and to stipulations about formalities to be observed in the invication of the ir governments to adhere to the treaty, and for the Lge of ratifications. though this treaty was of the highest importance, we ot aware that it obtatned sanction of all the romenta which were interes‘ed in it. This conduct only be accounted tor by toking into consideration political disturbances which at that time took piace eral of the Spavish American repurlics. At present ia peace throughout the American Continent, aad ssembly of a general Congress couid be effec.ed with ib more facility than at any previous period. Another ve which may stimulate the carrying out of this hi the advanced state of the work, which was n sO many years ago. The new Congress, of course, t to examine the former treaties, in order to make in tuch modifications as are required py the differ- bircumstances of several of the republics which took negotiations. Another a ATMA of no importance is now offered in the improved pa of communication on land and by sea, both oceans connected is @ railroad and a regular line of ers, Offering the different South American repadlics designated as the seat of the Congress, communica. ernments represented in it could be easi- hter's nd Pansma being the capival of a small , all kinds of jealousy would be preciaded. South American republics being weak, and several hem having already lost a portion of their territory nseq wi of the isolation wherein they were leit, i sts to them all to unite themselves each other and to prevent new en- chments. European dictation has disappeared since ‘pedition of Fiores failed; but the soiit of Yankee paterism Js never ceasing. There are projects on foot pat Cubs, there are others aginst ‘San Domisgo, and points of the Continent. Wnat is ia Nisa- . 10r want ef a def: neive alliance between thia State ithe other republics of Central America, invites seri- medi Mexico, in her sirugyis for Texas and Mexico, saw herself abond-nei, ani without allies. day when a project of aane: the Isthmus should lat into execution, we would find ourselves slone ia le. p fear these advantages of a defeasive alliance of Routh American republics, there are other weighty ives for making mutual arrangements, for example: alating the money and metrical system, the postal fice, commerce, &c. May, therefore, this mach desired ish American Congress assemble, in order that the ical world may know that whenever any of these blics aré attackei, ail of them are adversaries, fs easy to execute. provided we ean find Ing us patriotism, fraternity and the conviction of advantages to bs found in @ comoast and solfd n of all our interests, Then, Spanish Amerisa will be respected, and no longer be regarded as a play- by those, who, by our very carelessness, find them- encouraged to encroachments, ‘The Central American Question. (UA BATES PROPOSED AS AN ARBITRATOR BY DUDLEY MANN. je translate from the Weser Gazette of Bremen, of Feb. he following article, cad to be from the pen of Col. udiey Mann:— ¢ Hanseatic Towns have unquestionably a deep and sputed. interest in the reconciliation of these two it commerciai Powers, (England and the Oniced ,) aa well as suffictent reasons for aeprehension, in bg que tarted, which, when treated in an im. ir Wa y easily lead to # rupture between both ds the enlistment difficulty, there is no reason ‘any serious complication. Al:hough there is loubt thet the Ex; dtinister at We ton, Mr. npton, owing to his being concerned in tne violation he laws of the United Stater, will be dismissed, and, natural consequence, Mr. Buchanan in England will ive his paseport, there is a well founded hops that friendly relations between the two governments will “be interrupted till a change of persons ither of the two countries interested shall have mn place. There is therefore as yes no reason for us fears. The diplomatic intercourse between both ptries has been before now broken off, without hos- jes rerulting therefrom. There are other ways opea pooirg toa mutual understanding. The recall of am- ‘ors {38 mere formality, in order to save national . No government ean look wish indifference as the jof the representatives of other nations committ ng tions of its laws. Now, there is no other means of jpg rid of those objectionable persyns than by dis- ing them from their posts, they beiag sudject only tribunals of their own country. ry different is the question ss to Central America, both parties have os an opposite interoretation on called Clayton-Bulwer treaty, and deem it due to fr bonor to persevere therein. Unfortunstely, these ‘pretations are in direct opposition to each ether. It rue, England ia ready to subinit the question to the tration ofa European prince, but it is not very pro- le that the Ur iied States will consent to this after the Ay seed which they have hedina spute with Portugal, they can expest nothing from an arbitration, Thus the watcer stands, and the bility of both parcies seeking by force what they n their right is alarmingly proximate. Under suc! may the Mo ae ring Dale pot soon be might the preseure whicl danger of @ war might cite, and which undoubtedly would weigh more ily on their commercial relations than evan the pre- one, which seams oa the eve of cermination. must be in the recollec ion of every one that in the 1863 @ mixed commission was named by Great n and the United States to decide on the indemnifi- to which citizens belonging to either country Jaid in, on socount of loases sustaiaed by them during ‘he of 1812. The plenipotentiaries nominated for this bose by both g vernmenta met in Loodon. In the of their not coming to an agreement, it waa provided an arbitrator shoulo be chosen, with the consent of vernments. It was found toat amongst the 130 issne there were forty of so complicated a cha- wr that it was impossible to come to any decision. extremity, Mr. Joshua Bates chosen as arb! Although corsenting with reluctance to take himself this troublesome charge, for which, fact. be was eminently qualited ‘as a ottizen ¢ United States and a resicent in England, and thus hd up by strong ties with both nations, his expiana- gave both countries a proof of his im, artlality, gst the matters that came under the decision of Bates there were several but lirtie leas complicated that relative to Central America, we be permitted in the present case to suggest Bates a8 an arbitrator, and to recommend a siratiar le proceeding? It is to be supposed thet he would ine this point more accurately than any European Inet, by investigating the detalls of the tront and jucidating it im such & manner that ic would be im- ible not to acknowledge the juatoess ot his reasons. cannot be found a man more dispassionate or of r understanding than this matador of the commer- orld of London, who, although of humble birth, has d through an honorable career aad ovtained the ge- esteem of his fellow-citizens. If England and the d Stated would adopt the suggestion in order to come h uncerstending, the whole commercis! world would pertain that no circumstance that ought to be taken consideration would be forgotten, and that at the time the honor of both countries, to which Mr. may be said to belong in common, woala be impar- consulted . ‘irs in Guatemala, San Salvador, Hon- duras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, je Boltin Oficial, of Costa Rica, Feb. 9, accompanies priew of the events of Central America during th, Hous fortnight with the following reflections: — le foreign preas follows with interost th 1 Amorios. Tne destivoy and political o nhabitants, however Ismentablo the former and to blame the latter may have been, inspire with thy all those who pre-occupy themselves with the ‘the threatened Hispano-Ameriosn race. In the jt of doubts and nleeyegons caused by divisions, and errors, the friends of Central America invite het wa a, and efficacious Lagerst slab which consolidate peace, strengthen their governments, guarantee them against not only the presont im: D hogy bat also against those numerous ones h may arise in future, What iaust those prople do? Shall they unite for the purpose of de- themselves? Or will they be so stapfd, d and corrupted, forgetting their heroic in, their glorious past and the spirit of inde- lence which animatei their brave ancestors, as to their necks before @ handful of adventurers, and dastardly, not the banner of 4 great nation, bu’ Iie 2 a eeoee. and daring partizaa chief? ls Ourselves, we can reply:—Che Inhabitenta nal America have broken their sileace, and the mojority of them have sworn to defend their honor heir independence. GUATEMALA, le ymment of this repuclic has addressed to the I cf San Salvador aniavitation to Join it, aud to adopt measures of resurity as ars rencered nesossary by dangers which thresten the independance ‘and hnality of Central America, In the Chamber Representatives more than one pafriotie voice against the disastrous eventa of Nioa- and called for eo and in- the all tien Of all the Staten of Oratial Amezion, NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, APRIL 13, 1856. in order to eecure pesce and guarantee thelr sommon Incependence, On li sides che sane apirit b wake forch at a banquet given in Gawtena@la oy the Fre-idsay, amorg otber wignilionnt tosate thas of th Affaires of) e Goi. Hs gave the the meek sete rave—May they ny forget the ewinert qualities ot their arcesiors, whose dastiar it was to civiuze the world and to dom'nae over it tor esataries; may ther foreves preserve acd deena taeir God, their traditions nd tne soul wherein the bones of their ster: ie u-ied, aay the i eneration, should Providence vi-it it with severe tints know bow to Teave. to lia gous an uonored cam> aad present to fe world an exaaple worthy ot tha valor, ouivairy faud noble virtues of their ancestors. Another very expressive toast, sonceraing a highly ex- pedient measure, was given by Mr, Kint:— Tet us protect and favor thy immigrat'on of pac'fin ard ta- dustrious strangers #h> may to-m a cyuater veigh' to tiose foreigners who wou'd commit hostiiiiies against our couatry, ‘Tbe government of Guatemala has purchased a nam- ber of ships, which it is arming in its ports; tt augments and maintains its army on # war footiog, aud spares n> measures jor giving unity to the States of Central Ame- rica, and putting them in such a position as w save taelr threatened integrity. SAN BALYADOR. The government of San Salvador has tnformed that of Gnatemala that ‘ it will employ ai] its resources in the most efficacious manser so 8s to defend, foot by toot, its terri- tory, and maintain in close union with all the other sec- tions of Central Am its independense and sovereign- ty, aa in this struggle is not only emoraced a question of utility. but another of mational honor and digatty, the neglecting of which woula bring them dowa +o the |»w- pr degree of debasement and contempt amongst all na- ions. The President, Sen Martin, had notified the United Cor greas of that State of the expiration of his term of of- fice, Tae name of the new President is not yet knowa. The State c:ntinues in peace; ite resources are proving 16 agriculture is jperous and its debts diminishing. Its disabused inhabitants do not Masten to the pharisasical politicians who would dri ma to revolution, aud it ive the: serms that, 8t last, order, wittout which liberty is im- possible, has taken root in this privileged soil. HONDUBAS. Exbausted by its past sufferings acd the atruggle it has just issued from, this State iuduiges in repose and endea- Vora to strep ita weakened population. As in Gus- temala and Salvador, the hatred against the enemiss of thelr race is great. Many families which have emigrated trom Nicaragua have taken 2 in its territory. LEGATION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF LEON, } Jun, 24. 1856, ‘To THR Minister oF Foreign A¥FAIRS OF THE REPUBLIC oF NicaRaqua — Although persuaded that the cholera morbus has dis- appeered from Granaia and the priusipal towns through which my way necessarily lies, my on‘eebled health does not me to pursue my routs to the seat of govern- ment of that republic, and I return to Honduras aeoply regretting my prevented takiag share in laying down the permanent rules by which, hereafter, the friendly relations between the two governments are t9 be regulated. But the correct aod well justified policy ‘ioh both have until now pursued, and which preserved them from disunion and ruinous troupies, is a guarantee for their continuing in peace until the cone usion of regu- Jar conventions, which may unite more completely their interests, I etate, in the name of my government, that it will ab- stain from all intervention with the interior affairs of Nicaragua, because it a convinced that in toe neglest of this principle of independence ‘and ifberty, nearly all the fratricidal wars which have laid waste Contral Aaezica have originated, and that it will reapec: the Nicai ‘territory like a sacred property, My government ea‘er. tains fail confidence that the government of Nicaragua will act with entire reciproctty, considertag its enlight- ened views and its former poliey in all potata referring to Honduras, which do so much honor to the present govern- ment of Nicaragua. The perusal of No. 18 of the Nicaraquense, which you had the kindness to join to your communication, cave me very grest satisfaction ; because saw there, loudly pro- claimed, the projec’ of union, fraternity and independeaco of Central America; and I do not for a moment doub: that the Supreme government of Honduras will immediately send another person in the place of the undersigned envoy to treat of affairs of so much importance to both coun- tries, and it will also receive with the greatest pleasure the agent who may be accredited to it. The circular to which I allude, reveals, although slightly, the pratsewor- thy idea of establishing ‘= Central American union, which cannot be realized without the existence of a general go: vernment. This idea is,a gregt and generous one, which my government will receive with ali the interest it de- serves; and as this vital and important question requires the highest consideration on the part of the Cabinet of Honduras, I think it will take the necessary measures to secure the desired end. I beg you to bring to the knowledge of the President my declaration that { shall not forget the kind hospitality I have been honored with. Receive, Mr. Mnister, the assarance of the distinguish- ed consideration with which I am your obedient ser- vant, MANUEL COLINDRES. NICARAGUA. ‘The eon of Granada is consolidating itself. The chief, Walker, counts at present in his army more than seven hundred soldiers, recruited from California and the States of the Atlantic, without incindi those from Leon. Lately he purchased the steamer UnsleSam in California, and appointed str. Jallus de Brissot Cup‘ain of the Nicaragua squadron. Military promotions—all of them ot ners, and the reinforcemeots which continually pour in from the United States—strengthen and incress bisarmy. In order to maintain this military array he has recourse to forced levies on tobacso, and later, to forced dispositions of it, obliging, by severe penalties, the wealthy inhabitants to give goods, money anil cattle. The sale ot meat has been monopolized by his govern- ment in order to create resources for the treasury. In spite of the salubri+y of the climate, fevers continue ‘to rage among the s' 8, and late advices inform us that numbers of the army hai died. A correspondent from San Juan de’ Sur ssys:—We have here cavalry composed of fifty Americans, protest the transit to Virgin Bay. Neverthe'ess, late, on the Rio Chapulin, one foreigner was kilied, ‘another wounded by the robbers. Hereafier it wi'l be still worse. The rancor of the population is intense, Rebberies, great and email, are daily perpetrate’, Tas other day thres eee te were flogged, each zecelving two hundred 168, The government of Granada has addressed to the other States cf Central America an invitation to form an al- Nance and united confederation. We do not know whether it has been answered. The statement hes been confirmed, that on the 7th January, in Matagalpa, a rebellion of the Indians broke out. They threw themselves onthe American soldiers and those of Leon, who were quartered there, assassinatiag many of them. COBTA RICA. The population of this State, busy with thelr fine crop ot coffee, and animated by the hope of high prices, have given themselves up te labor amidst general tranquillity and prosperity. Al kinds of provisions are abundaat— the result of the liberality and foresight of the govern- ment, and of the industry of the inaabitants. The go- vermment watches attentively the progress of the ene mies of its repose, is incessantly occupied with putting the country 1n a state of defence agaiust alt piratical ag: greemon, and reckons on the patrictism of the people and the sympathies of the European Siates. The French sloop of-war I,’Embuscade, thirty guns, has just arrived in the port of Punta Arenas. It seems her communder has strict orders to hang any of the filidusters he may seize in open nea. Agricultural Interests of the Isthmus of Panama, El Panameno of the 13th LplneurA contains the fol- lowing considerations on the material interests of the Isthmus As long as agrisulture is not sufficiently ap. presiated on the Isthmus, and that capitatists comtinue to lay out their money in oommercial specu‘ations, in breed- ing cattle and building houses, without paying the least attention to agriculture, the material interests of the country will never prosper as they ought. The most important branch of public rene ‘and which, at the same time. yields the surest proiucts, is agriculture, “earth being,’’ as a celebrated author ex- presses himself, ‘the nurse of man.” Let us look to the agricultural countries and we will find thet all of them have arrived at a high point of material well being. ‘The United States, Venezuela, Kéusdor, Chili, Peru, the Brazils, Costa Rica snd Canada on our continent, furnish a striking proof of this truth. Even New Granada, many of her provinces, such as Carthagena, Sooorro, Bugota and Pampiona bestow great deal of care on agricuiture. In this manner the above named countries satisfy their own necessities, and their surplus produce supplies the com- brent d exportation, which serves them as a new source of riche Happily, the soll of the Isthmus is excellently adapted to agricultural pur; ; fertiie, and everywhere woll irrigated, 1t greatly aids and riculy repays the labor of the jculturist. Furthermore, we have tropical produce of exquisite quality; we need only mention cof eacao, entton, indigo, sugar, rice, maize, &c. But as they are cultivated only on @ very small scale, they scarcely suf- fice for the consumption of the indigsnous population. Hence that dearth of provisions which we have so fre- quently to complain of. At present an almud of rice or maize pore here the same price as & fanega everywhere else. When they are imported from abroad, transport charges enhance prices considerably, and merchants oro fiting by this state of things, draw enormous profits fom vheir speculations in these lucts. The natural conse. quence of this is another disadvantage to the rista of the country, who, not taking in aecount those im- tations, find no buyers for their own products. is complication in manner of au piri our home consumption is extremely peat cial to ‘ne consumers, who, whilst they only for a snort time of the year enjsy cheap prices, in consequence of the aocu- mulation of provisions, during the greater part of the vere suffer by want, and, of eoarse, are subjected to avy loses in procuring for themselves certain produe- tions of the first necessity. . The rereedy for such serious evils consis‘s only in a re- form of our agriculcural system, #0 as to produce whi in necessary for our own consumpticn, and, if poaatole, leave a superfinity for providing the commerce of expor- tation. Bat this end will sever be attained if each indl- vidual is left to hiv own way of cultivating the land, as it was the custom in the primitive times of agticaltarp. Combined forces wi Produce @ result entirely different from what isolated agriculture shows in ila prevent condition. A capitals: who wonld hire for cay work s considerable number of laborers, and trace out a regular plan fer whatever branch of oul- ture, would, without any doubt, triple his capital, pro- vided that his enter; were conducte! with the neces- rary intelligence and perseverance. And jor what reason does this reform not succeed * There are are two ren fone: first, because the old routine of keeping a store- house of merchandise and 8 large herd of cattle atili pre- vaila; aecond, because there ia want of confidence in the best of all branches of production—tha of agriculture, We live iu an era of positivism. In order to grow rich, it is indispenable to word. It is s time when neither the adventurer nor the workingman can hove that c(rcum- stances like those which in the beginning of the Califor- ria traffic took piace, ekall ever return on the lathmun, Two bravebes of business, ancn a jertile aource of riches —that of mu eteers and freight csrzier: good illustration of what we aseert Steam engives have, for the futura, takea the place of human Iapot and of that of malas. ‘Lock 7e tho long trains which cerry, from ore ocsan to te a her, cum bers of passengers and heavy cargoes wivhout any otuer aid but that of steam. Here lies tha graatness of our modern civilization, But notwithstanding thie fect, the Jaros of the iabaviinaia of ithe Latmny way all be S—may aarve an ® employed to advantage tn the culture of the fields, whieh, well atter ded to. wil yield tne rishest barves's. Leb us under Don thee ee (orks ourselves. alse we are Dot permizted to complsio if forvigners, paying and les lear $cil, ond make of Or qunptry a cast . This prospect is no lonzer rem te. compar holds the right t> » coud hectares of Jand which, naturally will be culié cctonists, To thoee erloois s will bel ug the fr profits we, in cur apathy, bava desowes. Thee’ UA open our eyes to the light aud assume he rank to which our favora ole climste and fer tle soil tavive us COMMEROTAL BELATIONS OF FRANOR WITH THB SPANISH AMERICAN BEPUSLICS, We copy the foliowing interesting articie from the pen of Sevor de la Sagra, on the Commerce o France wi: the Spanieh American republics, from the Boletin Q, of San José, of the Y6ta January: — GENERAL COMMERCE, ——1853.——_, ———1854.—-- Exports Imports Exports Imports to from to ‘rom France. France. Prane ramoe. 4,508 138 20,438,272 4,015,878 21 316,916 86.902 1 252,565 1,166.74t — 982,871 Now Granada, 1,400,591 6,003,911 1,147,741 3,494,601 Venezuela 6.492.216 6,792,018 450,756 6,991'240 10,682, 587 11,798,673 10 390,020 23,610 063 277,864 '611,551 207,428 102,972 7,604,476 20,966'014 7,863,258 18 759 998 — 170,348’ — 312,251 1,087.666 21,897,812 4,257,504 21,421,197 9'840,501 6,808,831 10,160,125 6,331'750 «45,872,813 1000, 76,96061. 772,143 114,939 213 24,391,906 27,217 288 20 210 434 17,939,202 . 27,178,285 47;460,102 27 970 116 44,048 600 ‘striking featare in ‘tne soove figures is the enormous disproportion in the exportation of the Spanish-American countries compared with the importa tion into the same. It would be stil more interssting and instruotive if, instead of the commerce carried oa with only one mation, the general commerca wita nations ould be taken as the basis of our inves igations, ‘but unfortunately we are not in possessi an of official data to found our ion upon. ln limiting ourselver, therefore, to the commerce of the above named countries with France, we p7int first to the fact that in the year 1853, aa well as in 1864, the amouat of importation from France exceeds that of exportation to the same country by doub’e the amount. In regard to cach particular country, it will ve seen that the gr-at- eat disproportion exists as to Mexico, C: those whose importation and exportatio nabural Epona, are Venezuela, Urag From there is no importation ino Fuan the exportation to it is of a very insignidcant In__refiecting on the character of the matural preducta which these countries ean furnish exchange for the numerous articles of foreign commerce of which they are in want; considering, besives, the high price those products pay in Europe, and their growing necessity to many branches of industry, we canaot un- derstand why the quantity and number of products which they export are a) limited. In examining the dif- ferent classes of products of esch country, we observe first, that nearly the whole amount of their exportation consists in one, two, or rarely three articles of their home produssion; and second y, that this amouat of exportation is very insignificant compared with the general importation of the same article, or articles, into France from all other countries which produce them. Thus, for example, of the amount of four willions of francs of the exportation of the republic of Mexico, more than two miliions proceed from dyewo: cochineal and vanilla; in Guatemala, of the whole expor- tation of 1,166,741 francs, oue artiele, tha: of Jcochineal, amounte alone to 1,088,000 trancs; in New Granada, the quinquina composes about the half of her tation; in Venezuela the exportation of coffee a to five sixtbs of the whole amount; in Urugusy the exportat! a ot bides amounts to about five mullions of the whole, which does not reach six millions; in La Plats, hides and wool c:mpore eight millions and a half of the whole ex- portation of ten millions; in Pera, nitrate of soda aad guano form seven millions and a half of an exportavion of eight millions; and in Chill the same products ani copper amount to three millions and a half in an expor- tation of little more than four millions. If these quantities ok oases) proceeding from the ish American republixs, are compared with the en- tire mase of the same products woich is consumed tn Europe, it will be seen how small are the former, aad consequently to what extent their exportation can, in future, be increased, At the same time, this fact serves as an incontestible proof that either the developement of the rich primitive sources of production on the fertile American goil is still very lit:le advanced, or that the great difficulties of commuaica\ion enhance considerably the prices of ali these products, or that negligence and carelessness prevent them from be- ing offered as exchange products in the European mar- ke Probably not one alone, but all three causes toge- ther, contribute to produce this remarkab‘e commercial phenomenon. Were it but for their national pride and self-love, the Spanish American republics ought to make great and persevering efforts in order to elevate themselves from thia deplorable mercantile inferiority. After naving con- quered their long desired independence, they did not understand how to profit by it in culdvating to thelr acvantage, the vast field of progress which lay open before them. Far from doing ao, they did not avail themselves of the oniy example offered them by tbe only possessions which Spain still holds in the new word; which, alihough deprived of the radical reforms required by their situation, produce and export, in proportion with their territory ‘and population, a’ mess of agrisuitural and industria productions far superior in quantity value to the ex- portation of any of the most extended and p»pulous re- publics of the American continent. Limiting ourse'yes to the commerce with France, which, howewm, occupies only the third or fourth place as to its imptftance ia the whole of their commercial transactions, we sce that in the years 1853 and 1854 the islands of Cuba and Porto Rico have ex; more than any of the Americsn re- publics. In fact, comparing the exportation to France during the last year from both islands, with thst from the American con‘inent of Spanish origin. we find that da ae to nearly double the importation trom the ter. To continue:—Supported by facts, this Veries of con- siderations on commercial relations, we present a resumé of the importation of exclusively French produsts into Spanish American countries, and of the exportation of the latter to fap mein Pat gd eS, ra nto Import'n jm France. eae Total franes.......39,137,929 Spauish’ porseasions. .20,518,919 Brazils........+.++..17,710,741 In this table the disprop:rtions of what the Ameri republics consume of French produc's to those exported by them to Fravee, are still greater. In the whole, the difference is at the rate of 39 to 94; that is to say, the consumption in France of Spanish-American products ts equivalent only to two-fifths of what those republiss con- sume of French products; whilft to she Spanish pos- seeaions, Cuba and Porto itico, France sends nly to the amount of two-thirds of what she consumes herself of ir products, If the Spanish-American republics con- ted in this proportion to the consumptiunof Franze, t: eir yearly exportation to this country wou'd increase from thirty-nine to about fifty-six miliions of rrancs, We have carefally looked over the {tems of French ax- portation, and we re~ark, berides a great varie.y of @. | :1e8, ome princip® cnes, the value of which alone is equivalent to the whole importa‘ion. Thus, for exaniple, France imports into the Mexican repuolict in value more than six millions of francs of eo:ton atuffs, which alone exceed by more then four milions, the gea- eral exportation of Mexico to France. We assigned # special place to the commerce of France with the Brazils, in order to reunite in one table tne whole of her commerce with the South American coun- tries. From Brazil also, France imports oaly to the amount of three-fifths of what she exports to it, All our observations, therefore, about the commerce with the South American republics, are, in theflsame degree, licable to that country. All these fertile regions want & new lire in order to provide abundantly with their pro- ducts the old world, which, on account of her exhausted e0il and a leas favorable climate, wants the rich vegetable products of the South American contineat. the great problem of the means of subsistence whish presents it- self with such terrible features in the old world. finds an cay solution in the new, which in this manner will pay back the deb of her civilization. NOTICES OF NEW PUBLICATIONS. New Books Received During the Week End- ing April 12, Madeira, Portugal and the Andalusias of Spain. Christine, or Woman's Trials. Letters of Lady Mary Wortley Montague, edited by Mrs. Hi Physiology and Calesthenic Exercises, by Miss Beecher. Manual of the Common Council of New York, for 1856. Madame Pfeiffer's Second Journey Round the World. i Dinka and Mayhew on the.Dog. H Savage's Ninety-eight and Forty-cight. : Livingston's Hand Register, May, 1856, to May 1858. } PERIODICALS FOR APRIL. Hunt’s Merchants’ Magazine. The Democratic Review. The Churchman’s Monthly Magazine. Manvat or ran Conroration oF rar City or New York ror 1856, by D. T. Valentine. Instead of a manual, this work should have been entitled a Current History of the City of New York. Itisnot merely a journal of our annals, butit is a book of considerable antiquarian research. It presenta the ost complete and interesting view of the growth and progress of a great civic community that has ever been given in any work. Its plan is unique. It combines all the advantages of a his tory andan almanac. By referring te its pages wo can not only inform ourselves as to the present status of our public departments and institutions, but we oan compare it at once with their condition at any givon period since their foundation. To a business community Hike Cure, Where there ia oe time te devote to, laborious research, a work of this kind i® Of incalculable utility. It enables us to grasp with ease all the details of our ‘Tees government, and to assist in adapting {1 to our growing necessities, No citizen of New York should be without a copy of it. Worosster'’s Acavemic Dictionary. Swan & Brown. Boston. ‘The present work is an enlargement of the “Com- prehensive, Pronouncing and Explanatory” Dic- tionary, which was published by Mr. Worcester in 1830, and which found its way into such general use in our schools. The several vocabularies have been imcreased, pearly three thousand words have been added to the Dictionary proper, and a faller defini- tion has been given to many of them. The vocabu- lary of Greek and Latin names comprises, in addi- tion to the names found in Walker's “Key,” about 4,500 names, most of which have been taken from the works of Carr, Sharpe and Trollope. Another important feature in the Dictionary is the atten- tion that has been bestowed on the synonymes of the language. Although the notices relating to them are necessarily brief, they will be found suffi- ciently clear for all purposes of ordinary reference. Asa pronouncing, explanatory and synonymous dictionary, Mr. Worcester’s work will be found a most useful compilation. Mzn any Truxs or THE Revoxurion ; or Memoirs of Elkanah Watson; including Travels in Hurope and Amerios, from 1777 to 1842. Edited hy his son, Winslow C. Watson. Dana & Co. If Elkansh Watson was not one of the most pro- minent, he was one of the most interesting men of our revolutionary times. With something of a dilettanté turn of mind, he was at the same time eminently practical in his views. He did not con- tribute as much as he might have done to the po- litical movements of his day, but he proved usefal in another sphere, which assisted as materially in pro- moting the prosperity and progress of the country. Passionately addicted to rural pursuits, he turned his attention early to the economy of agriculture, and to his efforts were the people of New England indebted for many of the improvements which ren- dered that region the garden of our continent. Sci- entific farming was his hobby, and he devoted to it most of his attention and his means. His addiction to it, however, did not prevent him from cultivating his literary tastes, nor from noting down what ap- peared to him worth recording of his contempora- ries. The voluminous correspondence and journals which he kept up during his travels in Burope, and, indeed, during the greater part of his life, have all been reverently preserved by his family. His son has weeded them ofall superfluous details, and pre sented us in the present work with such selections from them as he deemed likely to prove amusing and instructive tothe present generation. As this task has been performed conscientiously and with good taste, the result isa book rivalling in variety and piquancy the Pepys memoirs. The views which Mr. Watson gives us of colonial life previous to the breaking out of the war, are ex- ceedingly curious, from the progress which they mark in the intellectual advancement of our people. Where can we find a parallel for simplicity like the following, in the present day?— TORY OF THE MAGIO BGG. On the ensuing Suncey morning, as the people were on theu way to church, I suddenly witnessed = great com- motion in the atreet, and a general ru: the backdoor of Mrs. H. ’s dwelting. Supposing the house to be on fire, 1 darted into the crowd, and, on entering the houre, 4 the good woman's voice above the rest, ex- ciaiwing. with an egg in her hand, ‘ There, there, see for yourselves.’’ I seized the megic egg, and, to my utter ant ent. read upon it, in legible characters, formed by the sbell itself, ‘Oh, America, America, Howe shall be thy conqueror |’ The agitation and de«pondency pro- du-ed will hardly be appreciated by those unacquainted with the deep excitability of the public mind at that pe- riod. We were soon relieved from our gloom and appre- henvion, by ascertaining from an ingenions painter, who ha opily came In, that the supernatural intimation was the effect of a simple chemical process. We were ocnviuced it wana de f some tory to operate on the public feel- ing. Inthe rpoon, en €xpress arrived from Boson; a handbill was nent into the uipit, and at the close o th hit Hickling, rvice our venerable whig Parson Robiss, read from the heart-thrilliag news of the capture of the ns at Trenton—s bappy retort upon the torles. One of the great charms of this book is the bon- hommie and pleasant humor of the writer, It abounds with original anecdotes of moat of the distinguished men of his time, Europeans as well as Americans; for his high social position, his general temperament and agreeable manners, introduced him into the best circles abroad. He gives us a familiar view of the characters and peculiarities of many of the celebri- ties who have come down to us on stilts, and very small do they appear off them. To this, however, Edmund Burke isan exception. Even in his social intimacies the great writer and statesman could not cast aside the mantle of his dignity:— A BREAKFAST WITH EDMUND BURKS. Thad the gratification of breakfasting, in « familiar manner, with Mr. Burke, the distingulshed aathor, elo- quent orator and accomplished statesmen. He was, even in the ordinary intercourse of life, a most extraordinary man. As he conversed freely, 1 was rather a listener than a speaker, and reiieved from the necevsity of reveal- ing my powers in contrast with this intellectual gisnt. To my variegated life, I have often been brought into ia- timate intercourse with great and accomplished men, and have always found myself at ease and self- possessed; yet the glare of this transcendent luminary humbled ani om- Darrassed me. With Dr. Franklin, always hiai and familiar, I could hold convene as with a venerated father; but Burke seemed a being of another sphere. He hi ever been w devoted friend to America, aud in co-opera tion with Fox, Sheridan and Conway, has been tbe pri- mary cause of wresting trom the reluctam: king a decision to recognise our independence. His description of Tom Paine is capital. It forci- bly illustrates the maxim of Coke, that external neatness is an unfailing evidence of internal purity: A DIRTY PHILOSOPHER. About this period the notorious Tom Paine arrived at Nantes, in ine Alliance frigate, an Secretary Laurens, Miister Kxtreordinery trom Congre ‘ace. le Pp home in his appearance and sdiegusting egotist—rejaiciog most in talking of him- nd reading the effusions of his own mind. Yet 1 not repiess the deepest emotions of gratitude to- 5 instrument of Providence in sccele- rating the declaration of our Independence. He cer- tainly wasa promineat agent im preparing the publis sen- timent of Arerica for that glorious event. The ides of Indepe: snce had not occupied the popular mind. and when g.u.rdedly approached on the topic, t shrank from the conoeption, aa traught with coubt, with peril and with auffering. In 1776 1 was present, at Providence, Rhode Island, in ‘a social assembly of most of the prominent leaters of the State, recollect that the subject of Iodependence was cautiously introduced by on arden: whig, and the :hought seemed to excite the abhorrence of the whole circle. A few seeks after Paine’s “Common Sense’’ avpeared, sad psased through the continent iike an electric spark. It everywhere flashed oonviction and aroused s deter- mined spirit whic resulted in the Oeclaration of Inde pendence upon the 4th ot July ensuing. The neme of vaine wes precious to every whig heart, and hed re- sounded throughout Europe, On bis arrival beng apn unced, the Mayor and some of the most distinguished eitizens of Nantes called upon him, to reoder their homage and respect. I often off- c'ated as interpreter, although humbied and mortified at bis filthy epoearance and awkward and unseemly ad- dress, ides, as he had been roasted alive on his ar. rival at L/Orient, for the * * * * and wel bested with brimstone, he was absolute perfumed the whole apertmens. respectable visitors, who left \he room tonishment and dirgust, I took the liberty, on bis ast- ing for the Ican of @ clean shirt, of speaking to hin frankly of bis dirty appearance and brimstone odor, aud en hour ina hot , 1 promised, after he waa in the bath, he Pave the revcing of them, aud x0t_ before, i consented and accompanied me to the bath, where 1 in- structed the keeper in French (which Paine did not uo- derstand) to gr ly inerease the heat of the water, aati! "le Monsiewr etait bien bowilli.”’ He beosme eo mach absorbed in his reading that he was neerly par-boiled be- tore leaving the bath, much to his improvement aad my watistaction. The following is the history. of the well known portrait of Mr. Watson, by Copley, which was one of the most attractive featares of the early exhibi- tions of the American Academy of Arts:— THE FIR8T AMERICAN FLAG HOISTED IN ENGLAND. Soon after my artivalin Eng'and. having won at the inaarance offics one hundred guineas on the event of Lord Howe's :clieving Gibraitar, and dining the same day with Copley the disMoguishe! painter, who Boatonian by birth, I determined to Javote the sum t splendii portrait of myself. The painting was finisned in most almirable otyle, except the bacagreund, which Copiey and myreif dosignad so represent a ship, bearing Anecics the intelligence of the acknowledgment of Independence, with @ sun just rising upon the stripes of the Unica st saming from her gaff ‘Rit wax evenpleye pave the flag, which Coplay dil not esteem pruteat to hoist urder present cireumetances as his gallscy is a constant resort of the royal family and the n bility. Icived with the artis; om the glorious ith cf Decew ber, 1782, after Iaveming wi b him to the spesch of the King, formally receiving and recognizing the United States of America tato the rauk of uations. Previous to dining, aod immedistely after our return feom tne Hoase of Lords, he lnvived me ate hiy wtudiv, aud there With & ® bold band, « master’s touch, aud! believe an American heart, atiaobed totbe wh.p he wiars wad stripes {a wae Liaegine, the firet American flag howsied im :4 ape. The following characteristic anecdote is related of Wildman, the famous bee-hunter :— ouRiOoUS mnenne cmnene WITH BEES, Wallet 6: jou n { besa ne intimately ae- quainied + ith Wiaw. iahed theragy Earope his almout magis powar over ones. He was a goa ls of foriune, Wiluman was accustom to take a nive them, « hive, ia the shape of @ cap, upon bis daugeter’s head. [oe m> ment, at the werd cf command, they were dispersed. He ‘wos 1p the receivt of @ jaye meome, ¢cerived from his im glasé hives, in various Le He invi ed me to visit one of his prinsipa: de on ® particuer morn- ing, when, he sait, “he expected fine sport.” I fortu- nately entered the garcen at aoriticel moment, whea two of thiee bives were swarming avd interming.ing. He saw me and exciaimed, “Run, run, 1 am now exorsising my highes' skill,” He stripped off his coat aud dashed into the micat of them, crying out, ‘Come up—tney dare not burc you in my presence’ Although | contded ia hin axsurance, I approached him with caction, apprehen- sive I migh; be stung to death. I saw tne bees sugaged ir a terrible conflict, the cead falling like rain drops, Wildman wes all moticn aud aotivity, performing bis ho- ene peens eperations in the midst Soload of pees. At es battle, saying, ‘The rascrls, this time, have given mea great ceal of trouble.”” ‘We close our extracts with an interesting dos- cription of Washington in his retirement:— INTERVIEW WITH WASHINGTON AND HIS FAMILY. Thad feasted my imagination for several days ia the near pros ¢ct of a visit to Mount Vern: the seat of Washington. No pi'grim ever approached Mecca with deeper enthu-iam. {arrived there in the afternoom of January 23, 1786. Iwas the bearer of the latver from Genera: Greene, with another from Colonel Fitzgerald, one of the former aids of Washington; aad also the books from Granviile Sb Although sssured that these ore- dentials would secure me a respectful reception, I felt an unaccountable diffidence as | came into tie presence of ‘this great man. I found him at taole, with Mrs. Wash- ington and his private family, and was recived in the Dative cignity, with thet urbanity so peculiarly com- bined in the character of a soldier and eminent private ‘atleman. He scon put me at eas. by unbeading in a ree and affable conversation. The cautious reserve which wisdom an¢ policy dicated whilst en; in rear- ing the fabric of our independence, was evidently the re- sult of consummate prudence, and not characteristic of his pature, Althcugh | bad frequently seen him im the progress of the Revolution, and had corresponded wits him from Franee, ip ’81 and ’82, this was the first ooca- tion on which | had ¢cntempiated him in his private re- lations. 1 observed a pesuliarity in his smile which seemed to illumioate his eye; his whole countemance med with inteliigence, while it commanded contideace and respect. The gentl-+man who accompanied me from Alexandria, left in the even’ \d | remained alone in the enjoyment cf the society or Washington, for two of the ricbest days of my life. Isaw him reapiog the reward of his illust: tous dee¢a, in the quiet shade of his beloved retirement. He was at the matured age of fif y-thres. Alexander aud Cwasr both died before they rescued that riod of lie, and both had immor their names, low much stronger and vobler the claims of Washi agton to immortality! In the mpuises of mad ad selfish am- bition, they acquired fame by wading to the conquest of the world ‘through sess of blood. Washiogton, on the contrary, was parsimonious of the blood of his country- men, ard stood forth the pure and virtuous champ on of inelr rights, apd formed for them (not himself) # mighty republic. To have commused with such man in the bosom of bis famliy, I shall always regard aa one of the bighest privileges and mos, cherished incidents of my lie. I found him kind and benignant in the domestic circle, revered and beloved dy a!l around him; ag-eeably social without ortentation; delighting in anecdote aud adventures, wi'hout assumption; hin domestic arrange- menta harmozious and aystematic. His servants seemed to watch his eye and to anticipate his every wish; hence & look was equivalent toa command. His servant Biily, the faithful companton of his miltt career, was always at bis side. Smiling content animated and beamed on every countenance in his presence. The first ev. spent under the wing ot his hospitality, we an hour at tadle by ourselves, without the least interrap- tion, after family had retired. I was extremely op- pressed by @ severe cold and excessive coughing, contra:t- ed by the exposure of a harsh winter journey. He presa- | ed me to use some remedies; but I declined doing so. As urual, afier retiring my coughing increased. When some time had elapsed, the door of my room was gontiy opened, and on arieta g my bed curtains, to utter astonishment I beheld Washington himself aig t my bedside, with # bowl of hot tea in his lite inci¢ent, occurring in common life, with an ordiaary man, would not have been noticed. but as a trait of the benev and prirate virtue ot Washington, deserves to be recorded. How 1o Dergcr Countarrert Bank Norss: ‘or an Illustrated Treatise on the Detection of Coun- terfeit, Altered and Spurious Bank Notes and Designs, by Rawdon, Wright, Hatch & Edson, bank note engravers, of New York. The whole forming an unerring guide, by which every per- son can, on examination, detect spurious bank notes of every description, no matter how well executed they may appear. By Georg Peyton, exchange broker, New York: Published for the author. 1856. A pretty long title, and one that sufficiently shows the character of the work without extended remark In fifty pages of letter press we have the whole art and mystery of bank note engraving set forth in simple language, the author having wisely laid down the principle that it is only necessary to know what constitutes a good note to be able to detect at once a badone. The plates are exceedingly well done and are beyond question the best work of thia kind that we have ever seen. No trader should be without this convenient guide. He will save its cost twenty times over, as certainly one-third of the bank notes in circulation are counterfeited or alter- ed. Itis sold only by the author, at No. 418 Broad- way. Superior Court—General Term. Prevent, full beach. Apri, 12.—Decisions —El'jah Backman vas. Astor In- surance Compavy, the Merchants’ Louisville Insurance Company, the Union and others.—New trial, if tae as- sured shall elect. New trinlon the cargo policy, and complaint for treight (red dismisaed. Seth Grovenor vs. ths Atlantic Insurance Company.— Judgment upon the verdist tor plaintiff for the amount of the lors, $4.000, with interes from the time the loss was peyatle (sixty days from 10th March, 1864), with conta of suit. United States Courts. Arar. 12.—Judge Betts has been prevented sitting in the Cirouit Cou:t this waek, by indispositiou. He is ex- pected to resume the Circuit Court next week. Judge Ingerscll will continue the District Court. AINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. MOABY MARK GT. Sarvnpay, April 12—6 P. M. ‘The stock market fairly waked up this morning, aud the brobers showed evidences of returning life. There were very large sales of all the leading stocks, generally at better prices. Virginia 6's advanced % per cent; Lili- nots Central bonds, %; Delaware and Hudson, ; Penn’a Coal, 14; Brie, 4%; Reading Railroad, 3; Chicago and Rock Island, 1; Milwaukie and Misstscippl Railroad, 13. All the Western railroad stocks were in very active de- mand at the improvement in prices, and closed firm. Clevelond and Toledo, and Chicago and Rock Island ad- vanced to-day more than any others, The opening of the spring trade and traffic has given quite an impetus to these stocks. Each company has recently declared a cash dividend—the former four and the latter five per cont, payable s2me time this month. At the second board the market was even more buoyant, Mlinois Central bonds advanced 1 per cent; Reading Railroad, 34; Cleveland and Toledo, 14; Now York Centrat Railroad, ; Hudson River Railroad, %. Wisconsin Lake Shore sold at 73 per cent, buyer sixty days, The sales of this atock are on orders from the in- wrior. The gradual absorption gelng on in Western stocks must ultimately take wp the entire capital of the most prominent and most produciive companies. Mer- chants engaged in active business in this city and else- where, prefer Western railroad stocks to any other class of securifies, Merchants here, connected with the Weatern trade, have opportunities for knowing the re- eources of the rsilroad companies of that region, and with them these roads are favorite investments, ‘The Assistant Treasurer reports to-day, as follows: $86,773 09 :168)792 61 7,490,535 55 1,503 63 55,811 17 18,727,002 68 The Magnetic Telegraph Co., (Morse line from New York to Washington,) have declared » dividend of two and a balf per cent, ‘The anthracite coal trade is steadily on the increase. ‘The Reading Railroad Company brought down for the week ending on Thursday, the very large tonnage of 53,- 147 tons, and for the current year to that day, 468,609 tona, against 555,118 to corresponding date last year. We have this week the first regular weekly statemont of tonzage from the Schuylkill Navigation Company. The szipmente up to Thursday were 14,245 tons, Tne trade is quickening, and in the course of ten days or a fortnight will be in full operation. ‘The Troy Budget says:— Right of the oldest forwarding houses, yiz., the Troy and Western Union Transportation Company, New Yor! and Miselesippi, Griffith's Western, Wostern fransposta- tion Company, Fulton Lake Host Line, Great Wea- ven Lire ‘end Eykforo Live, hare recently been consolidated fato ove corporation, under the name of the “Western Transportation Compaay,” with a cash capital of $400,000, The company have & large fleet of Ponertal propelloge, sau voavels aud GaUAL Donte, and are Ld ing of navigation with facilities unwuross ed ta tue his- tory of Westera xanspor'a ion. The officars of thy 0» © - nyare P. L. Sernberg Prevideut; Wm. Foot, Vics- ident; George H. Bryant, secretary, and Jonn Alice, Treasurer. ‘The Richmond Whig say#:— It ecoms io be regarded as a certaialy by those whe bave an opp rtonity to be posted inat ths Governor will re-eesem bie the Legis a cure nex: winter, probadly ia pg he case, we have o> ides nad extersion of theit charcece foe years. but will pester to await furcher legisiation sefore approving or rejecting the acts recsmily peseod. They b the oriviiege of pos'pvaing their de cwiogs uo tl the let February next, by whi:h time, ia event of an extra session. the **Solons’’ of the State Peeper ye ce be enabled to perfect iow baler st will justify them in granting @ much longer vera: estenind inion years.” The provision in ecch Dill ee- thorizmg an incr-a:e of capital would be tnopere: under ‘hedoudle weight of asx years’ charter wad toe law provicing for a sale of the bank stocks held by the S:ate. itis o fact not controverted, we believe, that the baak- ing captial of Virgivia is total'y inadequate, and should be largely increased, if the State, through its merchants and agiicu'turiats, ls expec'ed to make any towards a more prosperous era. But it is unressonal to suppose that there can de any considerable insrease of banking facilities while capitalinta and others sesbirg tm- vestments, have tar better imducemen's offered to than are presented un‘er the cperation of recemt legis lative enactments. The amount of increased capital a psa by the Legislature at its last session was as fol- OWN — Farmers Bank and branches, Exchange Bank do. Bank of Virg‘nia do. ‘Bank of the Valley do. Bank of Kanawha., adcing steamers a4 other simiiae steak ¢) ase $4,350,000 sutnorizing the establishment branch banks with the following amounts of capital:— Mazimum, — Minimum. At Charlottesville........ $100,000 260, At Warrenton, Fauquier co. 400,000 250'208 At Clarksburg, Harrison 30. 75,000 200 Ou At Romvey, Hampshire 00. 100,000 260,68 ‘At Martivaburg, Berkeley 100,000 —--300'008 At Portamouth .... 100,000 00,000 At Princeton, Mercer co 50,000 200,008 At Fincasile, by extension, 50,000 200,000 Total for new branches..........$675,000 2,150,000 Bills were also parned authorizing the establishmen: of 8 branch of ihe Bank of the Old Dominiva, at Pearts- burg, in Giles county; amd a branch of one of the old banks at Wet Colambia, in Maaon county, to be atyled the Bank of West Columbia, but it was provided in the charters that the capital should be ratsed elther dye new issue of stock, a tranafer of capital from the parunt fnatitution, or by @ combination of these modes. The folowing new independent bangs, on the State stock principle, were also caartered. v1 Maz Northern Bauk of Virginia, (at Wells- burg, in Brooke ecunty $1 Bank of Philippi . A Bank of Howardsville, (in Alb. Co ‘imum. Bank of Danvi le... 7. 100,000 809,900 Planters’ Bank cf Virginia (at New- market (in Nelson Co.)........... 50,000 500,008 875,000 2,100,000 ‘Add authorized cap'l for new br’by,. 675,000 2°150,000 i eae 4,260,000 From the above tables it t there is a very wide rarge for investments in bank s#took, to way notbing of the prospective sale of the State’s interest im the old banks. The Albany Evening Journal of the 11th inst., gives the following statement of the commerce of that elty:-— During the carly part of last season the river trafie was ¢ mparatvely light, and even during the early part of the summer the cemand for veeneis was limited, bat after the fall trade set in every craft afloat was brought into requisition. In fast, towards the close, cosuting vessels were xearce, and a large amount of proverty wad sent to New York before the close of navigation, to be re-shipped from that place to ita destination The fol- lowing figures, which we have obtained from the Harbor Master, exhibit a handsoneincressein our commerce over the previous season:— —1854.—, 1855 — Ts. ‘0. 5 26,913 400 36.678 13,729 310 19,615 30,508 196 31,046 . 13,854 70-22. 148 Propellers, S17 2)532 223.66 River Ping — 260 24,406 Sows... 730 «4 168 Total. ..,-sseesseseeeeee+-849 88,266 1,272 139,120 The returns of last year show the ayerage numoer of tons of each vessel to be 110. The tonnage of the largest sow, 100; the smallest, refiritgag p> scow tounage, 66. The tonnege of the largest sloop, 140; the smailest, 18 —the average 64. The tonnage of the large 248; smailest 24—the average 92. The tonnage largest barge, 370; the amallest 86; the average, 163. The topage of the largest river ping, 140; the smallest, 50—the average 04. The tonnage ef the largest stew Dost, 1,675; the smallest 25—the average 316. The tom- nage of the largert steam propellor, 468; she amallest, 28 —the average 161. The following is the aggregate tonnage of each year, commencing with 1840;— Tons. Stock Exchange. Satuppay. April 12, 1856. 350 sha Erie RR,...0 STI 2000 Erie 24M Bds. 9536 1000 Erie CopBds 71 8334 600 BudRiatMBds. 993, 1000 HudR2dMBds 1000 N York Cen7’s 102% 2000 TerreH&A2AMB 2000 Ciev& ColCBai 78 83. 100 111 Cen RR. 100 Clev&ites 60 Clev, Col & Gin. 14Gal & Chi RR. 200 ¥ ‘4 200 Cumb Coal Co.03 2834 60 Purte’n Dry Dock 13g re Nica TransitCo., 133 00 13% 60 a 100 L I Railroa BOARD. 12 ahs Chic & RIsSRR 20 N Jerrey RR..... 2: 10 NYork Cen RR.. SECOND $2000 Louisiana 6'.. 923 10000 Missouri 6’s.b3 85 10000 do... B30 85 6000 Ill Cen RR’ Bde 4000 TerreH& AZ6MB 100 sha Read RR. b15 100 do, ci 100 do. +b30 100 Cley & fol RR.#60 2 100 0, 82 «200 160 Chic & Rk Is RR.. 98 22 Little Miami RR. 923g 93% 100 Wis L Sh RR.b60 73 MINING BOARD, 50 aks WdC&l.bow 100 sha Cumb....b8 rd dow... © 45% 200 GarcinerGold.a8$1 ina,.b3$1 75 300 do......0 106 do.... b10 1 80 CINCINNATI STOCK SALES, By Hewson and Holmes. For the week ending April 9, 1866. ‘BONTS. $2,000 Col. and Xenia RR. Co. 7’ div. bds........ x +) Wal. & 2’@ RR. Co. 7's in. bds. and int, . & Lex. RR. Co. 6’s Ist mort. bds, and im Miami RR. Co. 6’s 1st mort. bds. and int.. io & Mississippi RR. Co. 7's 2d mort. bas... . & Lex. RR. Co. 6’s inc. bis. and interest. . R. & Lake Erie RR. Co. 7’s 3d m. b. and int. Olp., Wil. & Z, RX, Co. 7’s 2d mort. bd., 60 Cin. RR. Co. div. bda.. $F 3856 Be 3 pio soe. = & 58588 S3sseszssy 80 Indianapolis and Cincinnati... 20 Cleveland, Columbus and Cimommnati 2 a and Bellefontaine. 4 0. a0 Ohio and Missienippi, and ini ct" 5 do. don and intereat, a 40 Firemen’s Insurance stock, 30 16 Farmers’ Bank of Kentucky. CITY COMMERCIAL REPORT. Satorpay, April 12, 1856. Flour—Owing to the opening of navigation om the North river, the market was dull, and common brands ‘were about 12 centa per barrel lower; sales were ocon- fined to about 3,000 a 4,000 barrels, including common State at $6 25a $6 3734, and extra at $662 n $6 75; Wentern brands were also easier. Wheat was quist, and in the absence of sales quotations were nominal, Core war heavy; sales 15,000 a 20.000 bushels were weco— inferior at 602. @ 61c, sound mixed yellow and white at 62c, & 65¢ —the lower figure for prime Jota white and yellow, Rye quiet. Pork firmer; sales 300 a 400 bbls. mesa at $16 60, at the clove $16 62% was aeketd, Cotton firm, with fair sales, Whiaker—Selea of 500 bblz, Weate O7R HOG prion Were MACE At a7o.