The New York Herald Newspaper, January 16, 1856, Page 3

Viliot, Frglish, Faulkner, Florecce Thomas J. Fuller, Goce, Gregawoed, augustus Hal, Sampson W. Harrie Choe, Le"ierpe, Uerhert, Hickman, Hownow sewen George W- }, Kelly, wel), a ‘Lan, ls 16 Westall Maxwell. Mewulin‘Moqueeu; agus ution witeoa, Mordecai Oliver, Orr, Peck, Phelps, Powell Quitman, aul, Hiaptiens, Stewart, Talbolt, Vale Warcen Walkin Wiese, vewart, . ‘arner, , Wiosiow, Daniel B* Wright. aod Joba V- Wright YOR MK. FULLER Messrs. Broom, Joha P. Camp ell, Jariile, Cox, Cation, Hen- Pp! Winter Davis, Etheridge, Buntia, tvaus Foster, J Morison ferris, Hofman, Kennott, Lake, Lindey, Humohrey Mar- . a y, va vel ‘lian fH ‘Anot need, Swope, ‘Trippe, Underwood, Valk, Wa ker, Whitney and 221: FoR Mit, PEININGTON. Messrs, Bishop, Dunn idwards, Harrison, Haven, Moore, and Boot. POR MR, WUIIAMS, Mr, Wheeler. FOR MR. PORTER, Mr, Henry M. Fuller, YOR MR, BENNETT. Mr. Brenton. A BROADSIDE FROU OLD MOYSIDES. Appeal from Commodore Stewart to Cong ress, TO THE HONORABLE THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF RE- PRESENTATIVS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AME- RICA, IN CONGRESS ASSEMBLED. In submitting to Congress an appeal as to the charac- ter and conscquences of s law already cacried into effect, and by which my own fame and b nor have been impaired, 1am impeted at tue outset to disclaim the slightest diminution of ths: profound respect to which the Legislature of my county ia entitled Long accus'omed to obey as well as to command, the mere sense of personal sacrifice or sufferiag could be silently borue; but the deep conviction that ore than half a century of assiduous toil and stuay has enabled me to discern and appreci: errrecily both the true principles and the besetting cangers of a naval sarvice, rees npon me the stern day, not atone of tadividual vindication, bat of earnest snd anxious en*resty on b9- half of an organiza ion, to the efficivacy, usefulness, and glory of which my life hus been cevoted. The American navy, withia the ttumited propo-tions assigved to it by tbe naliopal policy, is justly proud Delteaens. iouerraionopolen ier iae, tein, te aay other country, from its origin to tne p:eseat day, can claim the inspiration of purer movtves, the portocm- ance of more brilliant exploits, the uttsinasut of objects more substantially and durably beusticivl History, which disdains to dwell upon the Srivolt es or fratines wo which all human beiogs are so arately subject, has traced its combined and s:eady progress, and had already awarded to it a ful: measure of renvwa. [am the Sear Post Captain, the high+st aud cliess ailicer ta tha’ wavy; and they to whem Laddresa myselt wul oaccou ms for the intrusion, when I say, that 1 (eel as @ wound. oc dread as a calamity, every blow gi or theseoed to the apirit and priaetples which o auimated aa! itlas- tra‘ed that gailant corps. Tho past has emo ldevet me to speak, or at 1east may excuse iny diag so [rear briely t@ that past, ia no vaiuglsious moot, but as unroiling the scroll of my tile t your candid atteasioa, On the Sth of March 1798, I lett * Lucrative and booora- ble command in the commercial martac, xa! catered the pavy wish a commission a9 tiew/eaau’. ‘Du-ing the state of hosti: with France, ia 180, ( captucet, with the aeriment, of twelve guns, » verul acmed d onoue ves iva, after taking @ waas, La Diaae, I ebaredher companion, a brig of eightess, whise supe- ricrity 1 could scarcely hope to ovees sme, but waom 1 was forturate en ugh seare iaty a fiigat too rapid to be overtatea. The wa clised tu 1801, apd on the reductions effeced oy Hresiduat Jef ferson for peace-estaolisnment, [ was anong the officers retained; ‘to which geotlen anys an autho: of acknowledged mets, ‘che nv ia must look for those who perfected the scussl rhich ows since reflected 60 much credit omthe Amnseican nin |? On the occurrence of a second war, the one waged agoinst Tripeli, im the squacron of Uy anardore Pronle, and as Heutenant, commanding the siren, I aited aud witnessed the Caring enterprie of bucniug tue feigae Phuadelphia, in the harbor of the ensmy, ant received on boara my ves e!, fiom his barge, iumetiat-ly atter his euecess, the hevoic offiver ty whom that «:uisve neat had been’ specially coufice}., [oe eve gy, activi- ty and discipline exhivited in a series of naval Movements end attacks, during the continuance of this contest for four years with # necbacons and piratical antagonist, neei nit be recouated They exal‘ed the reputation of our coustry, ano gave to her flag s prestige never since Let. Shortly afier tne restora:ion of peace, and very nvariy balfaceatu-y ago, J was hovored with the commis-ioa 1 cow boid as cap- tain, beating date tne 22d of April, 1806, The seven years which p°sesda the thicd war—that with the greatest of maritime natioa-—hid not been aDowed, by the sedustions of iateavss wad repose, to impair the skill_or enervate tue seatimsnta of our naval officers. Whenever purlic service could not be obtained, as was frequently tha case, owing t> the small number of vessels actually equipped, & famlit- any with ccean life, and with tue practical arte and vigilant habits of uavigation, was msintaine] by voy- ages of exploration or trade, 1m mercnaat ships, to the dis*ant quarters of the globe. | engayed, wirh the ap- probation of my government, in several of ‘thase privato @xpeditions, and reaped the aivan‘ages vf constant ex- @rtion and enlarged ¢xpeiisuce, Waowea, therefore, the summmne to attic sounded aguin in 1812, the nuval offi- cers ofthe United States pressed eageriy forward with ‘unbroken spirit, unshaken fidelity, aud undimtaished pro- feerional att ity, [say to yoo, geatiemen, wivn emphasis, that al hough then as now. and as always ducing the re- laxations of peace, exaggorating gvssip aad calu nnious ru- mor had turred from my comrades the ncacts of many of our countrymen, there cid not, thore cou'd not, there nev- er will, exist as sn entire Lik pee rer peer peg thoroughly imbued with the ig qualities eneeatial to the defence and glory of a nation. True, this is saiia'ter it has been proved: but its proof was a surprise, for the faults or had been, as ie too common, visited upon the whole. I took wy part in the strugele with Great Britvin. T exerted myrelf in inmtersourse witn President Madi- gon, to prevent an almost adopted policy of drawiog im and docking ali our armod vessels, as the only way tg secure them from the nupposed over whe.ming power of our for. They went forth upon the ocean, ani, at nearly every return, awakened tresh pride and exul- tation. Jt fell to my own lot, in command of the frigate Constitution, and while cruising off the Porta- guese cras', to engage at the same time two English sbips—the Cyane and the Levant—aad to vanquish both. ped Oate of this poms the Treacy of ire n signed, though of course unknowa to tbe rents, In view ihe purpose aimed at by this cura sry narrative, it may not be imp:oper to add that the Legis- latures of the city of New York and the State ot Peansyl- vania honored me by marked expressions of praise, and that the Congress of the Uutred Staves, by @ resolation adopted on the 224 of February, 1816, requested the Prosident to preseut mo a geld medal, with suitable em- dlews and devices, in testimony of the high xense enter- tained by Congress of my gallwatry, good conduct and wervices. Our long poses, whisk, upon tbe sexs, was scarcely interrupted by the Mexicun war, his witaessed tne useful ¢m»loywent of our naval forces in almost every region and clime. Nothing whici suca a clase of lic egenis could sccompl'sh, aud were authorized Bg accomplish. has been left unsesompli-hed You may follow the pennant as it sbone upon the revolutisaacy throes of Suuth Arcerican liberty; as it hunted piracy, wherever lurkiog, on the sh:res of Africa, or in either Of the Indies; a8 it penotrated, uadec the impulses of science or humanity, the ices ot the poles; as it aliared back into sccia! intercourse with their kind,a mya terioualy exciusive and opulent em ire of barbarians: or as it sheltered the lonely und crus red victin of des- potle vengeance, at its utmost ceed. amid the oidest acenes of civilization—you may track the flag wherer- er you vill, and, with exceptions rare and trivial, ite gvardian officers will be fouud novly executing ‘toe errands cf ® great people My orders’ ass gned to we the squadron on the Pacific “station during the yenra 1821, 1822, 1823 ard 1824, and it wili be recollected how novel, complicated and delicate were the duties of tnat command, arising ont of the disturbed condivioa of the vewly-born zepublics, And here althougn desirous to avoid the garrulity of egotism, Lum obliged, by tae sin- gular applicability of certain incidenta, t) advert to them ‘8 cxactly illustrative of the ease and irrespon ivility with which slan‘ers upon naval officers may be tarast into the pigeon holes of a bureau, and, unless furtunate- ly at once cacountered, may gradualiy tage root, ani be ultimately handled as incontestable truths. I had reso- lntely exercied my functions, performed my task. and naa scarcely returned home when, as taut 4 stinguished gea- tleman subsequently told me, the Sesrera y of State, Mr. Clay, received a letter containing imputarioas of a most serious nature against my conduct. [| was brought to trial before a court-martial. The goveroment exhibited the charges. My Soe were men of wh se sagacity, ability, virrue and hovor none could, or can doubt. Aa ioe bes 6 full; free end erie scrutiny result) Ima find. ing of which | extract but the following concluding para- gtaph:— The court, however, conceives that the peculiar character of the nocusation in euch; that It would not render thatfuil jnsuce which is required at fis hands by a ample judgment of acquit- al. It is, , impelied by a sense of duty ‘0 go fal » and to make unhe-tiatangly this declaratwa to the world, that 80 far from having violated the high duties ot wentrality. and. re speot for the Jaws of nations, so tar from having sacrificed the honor of the American flag, or tarnished bisown fair fame by acting upon any motive of @ merceuary or sordid kind; 80 far from having neglected his duty, of betrayed the trust r in him by retusing ‘prover protection to ‘American citizens and property, or rende1 tection subservient to individual Interest, no one circumstance op hout the whoie ot thie miaate in ation into the various occurrences of # three years’ cruise. ted ‘o impuir the confidence which the members ot this gourt, the navy; and the nation have long reposed in the honor, ite faients and ihe patriotism of this distinguished officer, or 6 weaken in any manner the opinion which all who knew him entertained of his humabity and disin‘eres'edness. | Thase vir tues only gow with brighiar lustre from this ordeal ot trial ike the wiars he triumphantly displayed when valor and ‘skill achieved anew victory toadorn the aousls ot our naval glory, Weil might the illustrious stateemin conclude the coa- versation to which | have reierred with the remark that, although he had impulsively originated the proceedii he could not regret it. as, for euch a sentence, he wou! eonsent to be court martialed once a week. And now, gentlemen, after having dwelt thus perhap tediously and unnecessarily upon matters poratbly knowa w youall, at, unconscious of wrong, un- ‘warned,, unquestioned and unsurpec ing, and in the actual discharge of important duties, I received, on the morning of the 20th September last,’ official nctice, by communication from the Secretary of the Navy, that the President of the United States had approved, and by so app? had adopted as bis own. rh rt by which Lam cashired from the eminent porttion | ‘hen occupied. No cause is stated: but I am left to conjecture aa well as Imay, from the terms ef a recent law and « recent De artmental le:ter of construction ani intruetion, the of this singularly arbitrary condemnation—whether perhaps, an assorted, or hinted or whispered ‘dis- sipation;” or perhaps some other of the endless and vague category of © Immoral indulgencies,"’ as gambling, horse racing, cock Hghting, Sabbath breaking; or tac physical infirmities incident to toi's, wounds and superan- pnation: for all these are lamped as causes, of eash of which may be legally prolicated the guilt of incapacity to perform promptly and efficiently every duty bot afloat and ashore. | Tho proceeding, indeed, bears 40 strongly the odious characteristics of tho general war- hes ‘verti cal direction # NEW YORK HERAL D, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY I6, 1856, rant, prohibited by the 4th artfcte of the amondmaat: to the constitution, that [ am unanie to say, excmpt hy guess, why, how or at whow instaace my hove hes been asssilec, and my removal accomplished. 1 ony know that I'am, in fact, down, The power of the Commander-in-Chiet of the army and navy to strike my name from the rolla at his pieasiie L would be unwilling to dispute, especialiy waen cise ix entrusted to hinds so entirely competent ertial as at pr@sent; vu: the exe-tion of thts power has oa very rate—in cases only of sigasl offeace —wad never, itmy memory be faithful, wipbons giving the ae plest opportunity of explanation. Anil ths emargaacies of active war. the power may he exsenifal to effiieacy, and justly exact implicit and maty submiadon; vas ia orcinary times it is o de: tory toimlividas rights, 80 contrary to the rules and forms of justice, aait aa entirely foreign to the nature of delygs' 48 To beccme irreconcilabie with our vument. The free cilizens ot th» Jaited states flies fixed, written consti;ution, do aot aud cia- not believe, that, whatever may bs the general thany of mili ary subordination aud aependeace, toeir army aad pasy are practically soberes of suoserviency sud seridom, It is, however, not unser She cpeesson. of bis power that | have been wronged. Gad the purely |: funetion remained with sut intertereucs, « sibili-y of action or inaction been ief, where it exclunively und properly belongs, 1 do uot believe that I should ever huve bad reason to address you. “his remark ix aot mice rashly or at raodom: for ia'tne ve-y lw ar of tha tery communicating my doo, are generous ullsious to my ‘eminent services to the country.” ait to “the very sa'iefactory mannor in which | wav dischseyiag my duties.” ees passed on the 28th of Febraary, the act of Cor 1865, entitled “An act to promote the eificincy of the navy,” isythe aw under «hose provisions wy degrada tion has been aoju ch» title to this act is deceptive. May I be ps doned, in the whi of wadissrimiusting prejudice ex- cited, for intimatiog that perhaps something nore thin ‘the’ eflic'evey of the navy” requires % oe “po moted| No doubt, in the departmeaty cunaectes with its materiel, in the number, size and quit sels, in its armament, munitions and equipm ray, its ‘efficiency’? might bs pruteatiy creased, But that i not “the eificiemsy’’ which statute applies. Im fis personne/-~ and that alone is implicated—lthouga = many of the officers in a corps ex seven baa red were less competent than otuers, and w few meri e¢ exciusi ra, ye: Tasert with pride tha’ as am aggregate they wera were more than equal to every requirement. When and where cid the vavy of the Cuited States «now itself foe li- cient? What biddea duty or chivalrous feat aid it ever fail to perform? Does not its ensign flost as proudly now as at the clo-e of the war o! 18127 No! it was not the inefficiensy of the navy, ia one sphere or ancther, that called for this ezisatin, Coe jaw sp ings out of a natural and not aowrthy (raging, among its officers, for more cistiuctiin sud bignor place, than upon the establisued rales of rauk, and ‘With so few sbivs of war, they can possiniy attain. Itis the result ofa heart sicsaes4 conseq iat upon hope long ce'orred : the last and uexps ate exos- Gient of preying upon each other, to gravify « waut shih their country ei her disregards or is wwii g to ality. To that derive this act of Congress caters dicretly : a ae- sire which J am far from reproaching, bv whi:a right better have been appea-ed in maay wiys less excey- vionaple and dangerous. Howaver awcvard it uigit seem, stern truth aud jactice would bsve smea ed te title into “An aes to promote a more raptt acvaucemert in che Navy.”? 1 have always thought—l a0 expressed myelf many years ago--that wrravgementy ty surmoant cermin cisadvaatages iacideat to the priaripe at tenioriiy—if of the character coututved tu this tae— woud prosuce bitter fruis, aud evils ‘a: wore ‘haa tho-e they propoxed to cue. My orathar aeors, actuated upceuslagly by @ nice sense of atitiacy honor, without which they would be va'ueess acs more watchful of thetc rang thaa can weil 01 imsgioed by gentlemen ongeged in civil pursuits, ( is taric sua- shine—an achieved and enduring facc—a cous slain ta the most protracted vogage; a prop wate cxaaae fail them, if the service Insts, and they co not themsnlves de- generate, It vecomes part ans parce! of beic most cherished being, und they thick of iti Ise as a caamity moe frightful tkaa the loss of life, Remove the principle of seniori y, aod rauk cewes to be secure; it becomes u cissednsry gif, the prize of momentary popula fy, ibs desoration awardes by favoriticm. There may ne exceptiaal cases of extraorcinary exposure and priliiant achi-vemea'— though I deem it, even on such occariuns, wise. aud ov - ter so to rhape the reward ct national gratitude t» te individual a it to inflict injustice upon the whoe corps but, rule, i’ itself impertect, none ubiec as safe and sati-factory bas yet been xuggesed. I bave to regret that what consticutes to an offiser the invaluable nature of his rank is gowetunes but Loosely, it at all, understood. It ia not aloae the service it implies, nor is it aloos the authority or tice i: bestows; and Jess than these jis tc the pay asrigned by law. Ho apprectates bis rank, because 4; is a defiand and firm posi ion among brave, houo:aole and uselu men, voluntarily dedicuted to the defence wud gory of the country. Impair that position, by destroying iis equalily with associxtes of the respre ive grades aad is charm is gone. He may be soothed wich tae same ap- parent rank; he may aril be ealled cow modare, o»ptata, eutenant, or mas’er; he may receive hia stipend; but tae spot is upon bim which tevers him from his fellows: be bas ceased to be of them, and he stancs aside d\jssted and a ded, while the noble band move oaward by him. To nold rank thus sullied may be @ necessi'y wit the poor; and with the unfortunate gov-rameo, may trifle unresisted; but with others, it becomes the source cf profound pain and perpetual ircita fon, to be theown off as a poisor ed garment. The measure prescribed by the act of Congress is, for the mement, an extinction of rank. and a scramble as to who ebalt be fully, who partially, and who not at ail, re- instated, and who sball be benefi:ted by the vasaazies about to open. A scene such as this can only be enasted where the elementary principles of military o:gunization are absent. board of cera convened to ald, with their practical knowledge, in forming « series of in ernal regulations for the navy, bas beea tried, and without advantages; but such a Doard, invested with discretion- ary power over the reputation, fortunes and happiness of their en'ire corps, competent ‘to stigmatize by the han- dred and to brana almost by the miaute, has never be- fore, in this or any other country, received the sanction of publi: opinion; and it must be in tendency as ruinous to the bighest and best characteriatics of the es‘ab- Usbment, as it is utterly at variance with the spirit and provisions of the federal constitution. Possioly the ma- chine may work to relieve or lighten the general exou- tive responsibility, by cutting avay some of those wh, thorgh unfit anc unworthy, were yet allewod tena soualy to encumber and clog; but even they will pe conao with the sympathy for victims of a measure in itself ia- Gefensible, The navy, like other fields of cccupatio mong its officers great diversities of character, intel- ‘ect, morals, tastes and general capacity. After o large rapge ‘of prolonged cbservativa, 1 am not pre- pared to say that uniformity is either attainable or to be wiehed. Sowe are quick, impulsive, impetaous ; others are siow. reflective and cautious. One searches eminence in the sciences of cen-tructivn, war, or navigation. cn which bis profession cepends, and ancthar cul ivates with apeciai veal the prystcal habits ot enda- rence ond exposure which prepare him agaiust the storm or tbe Sight, and without which every danger has iouhie power tomjure. The class o: protoand and accompiti-h- ed seh is by no means @ contracted ove, thoazh Oatoumbered by tbac from whom a barch cestiay ia early youth bas excloded @ fondsess for letters. come are Mild and persuasive in intercourse with subordinates; others are rough, botsterous ard peremptory; m.ny riglily abstain tom personal indulgences or evén amuse Mmenis; others sgain yield to them irregulariy ana reck+ Jesely. These diverst ies of character are acsompiaird by crsities of conduct, and lead to wide diversities of ex i- ‘eas to the merits and usetulness of each otb-r. from an a ate vO Composed, it was rah to antici- pate a self-purifievtion, without a vivient fermeat among jthe constituent parts. The task of decimasing rhoula be performed by those who are aloof, wholiy dis: be aeons with the theories, preferences and passions of the be i path of the odious and destructive measure, not of tho gentiomen selectei to carry it out. Wich them I rather condole on the misfortune which his corneeted their names with such a proceeding; for it is one of the demevits of tae plan that it necessarily subjects these who execute it to ill-will and suspicion. The Judges of the Star Chamber, though men of integrity, learning and impartiality, shared ia the proverbiat repugnance to the tribunal itself. (t eva- pot, in the nature of t 1, be otherwise ; and it is really anc deeply to be lamented that a statutory expedient #9 questionable should have invoked for its execution any portion whatever of the naval officers. Tneso officers were, ip a measure, to be advanced in proportion to the extent and rigor ot their actin They had tho feelings of other men, the friendship. the bias, the prejudiews, the entipathies; and how was it possible for them to secure their motives from comment and chal Haman na- tore never suffers wrong without asrai ing the instru- ments cf its infliction, And what « prolitic source of distrust, jealousy, crimination and recrimination is thus opened ! ‘The act of Congrees, however, though bad ‘in its policy, in not, in its direction, quite as bad as it has been made in its administration. Board are expressly enjoined to make ‘‘a careful examination” into the effisency of the officers. What is involved in a careful examinationY lcsnnot say how, in this respect, others were treated; but unquestionably no notice, cirect or indircct, of any werutipy, was given to myself; and yet it would seem to 26 utiérly impossible to make a careful examination a4 to mental or bodily capacity without some notice. The terms of the law demand, ip such a case, the highest de- gree of care in the examination, and are not fulfilled by anything short of that. The quiet interchange of col- Weeruial surmise, the ¢omparison of preconceived opin: ine, the renovation of stale rumors, the raking ia oftieial eatacombs for the embers of extinct cisputes, or the theory of superannuation at any particular age, £0 constantly cisproved in our highest Sphores of exertion ar well as in those of Euro; i not do. Such an oxa- mination ix no examination at all, either logaiy or in common sense; it mast be actual, postive and present examination, conducted with actual positive and present care, or the fact as to efficiency cannot be assumed. Con- = obviously contempled doing less injustice than has been done. Carefal examination, in the mind of s logis- lator, embraced notice. Avothor misuse of this law, of a kindred character, is still moro gross, I bave repeatedly read the act, ond feel no disposition to give it a narrow interpreta- tien; but I will defy the subtlest ingenuity to disco- ver in any part of it either a warrant for withholding rotice from gentlemen on the threshold of inmolation, or an authority for the Board to assume the semblance Keenan am to slay in on wih my anered suppored they wore erecting ® tribunal analagous toa court of inquiry, or a court-martial—something reasona- bly fair, whore modes of proceeding to attain truth and justice could not, among enlightened men, be matters of difficulty. When print of were the established |, embra*es usages, practices and princi of those courts, on triais for slight breaches of discipline or duty, they could not have intended to break down all these safeguards. on an occasion where honor, rank, commission and subsistence were at stake. They ‘have not said 80, because they did not design it. ‘Tro, thore in in the first clause of the act am express at the “careful examination” shall be made “under such reguisti ns as the Secretary o! the Navy may prescribe; and that di-tinguisved ge mtlemsa hai conceived Limmell justitied in impesiug wu tyjaucrion to Why tois fresh feature was added to tha & feature so ciscordunt with its aim and eherac- » 1 om unwiiing to assy. Its positiom among the regulations, es the very lust, and the extremely g ed character of 116 , convesed wilp the usuady many and frank course of it author, sug- a reluctance. hesilation snd doubt om bis part. It certainly might be that “the delibsrations aed pro- cerings of the board will be incomplete until the approval or cisyproval of the Presideat;” thet i: tave- riably che casa with military courts ia xenerai; aad it cun sherefore farnirh no reason for departiog trom the koown and beaten track of sinilar investizetions. vy haviog ~a'l in ormation toncuing the saue confided exclasively to the Board and the Executive Depurt- ment of the government.”’ The uncersainty a) 10 the ultmate Presiseotial sanction, or vei, has wever Dea though’ to rendar secre-y expedient ‘except as to the fenverce of a court. Closed doors are proper fur adviement gud decision, after the cael examias- sion of fasts; but during that examination taey are Rot mereiy obn-xious to popuiar odium, but positively iveondeteat #tth the consti.ation and’ safety of the country. Open doors, I know, are fea anuoying to Judger; they lead to crowded chambers, ntsy iaver- rupticns, uresome detences, ani expecially to outsite oriticlm— inconveniences groutly aggravated whoa mat tes papas to be pre Judged, and swift exesuaoa, art slaw justice, 16 want ot [ persuace myset* to be- lieve hat they are such evils as wn Asaerican Congress would ot consent to avvid by extinguisting w wi spark of natural and funcawental right. fee, then, gentlemen, the giuring ceulity t» which this act of Congress bas given rise. A conslave, vested with power over ail that makes life cear witudrawn from the public eye; acting upon accusations they the aielvos advence; dealing with the movent and tha wscon- scious: insccessible to the voice of explanation or vindica ion; examising nv witness; keepiig wo record; under no rebgiony sactioa; aad without responsibility; yet {suing {com their dark and impervious chamber judgments tollowed by deaunciation, Bb+me aod uta No relief is g'ven to this frightful, out exact picture, by soying that it was nesessary. {twas uot so. Kee forms were undoubtedly desicadie, but reforms thus elected ase accompanied by wro-gs sad evils to the msvy, the country, and the cousti’ution, far worse than’ the mischiefs supposed to be mitigated. Ay a precedent, its pernicious consequences, iu times of oud or excitement, cannot be measured. No sud- stantial reform was, strictly speaking, beyond the reach of che executive arm; but it Congress deemed it wise to stimulate or assist the Commaace:-ta-Uhief, how ceeply it is to be deplorel thar tae alterns scheme proposed by the Secretary of tiny Navy, in his anpuai report to the President, dated the 4th of De. cember, 1864, was not preferred, “I shoul be consent,” wrote that gentleman, ‘‘to have tue Secresary, trom time to time, report officially 10 the Presileat, such bames as he wishes sbould be retired or dropped; that the President should transmit, if he thiaks prope, their nanies to the Scoare, with @ recommendation sui'ed to each case, Thus the Prevideat and the Seuste the ao- pointing power, will be the removing power, wad tha ap- prehensive of Star Coamber per ecustou, aud being vic- umized by secret inguistion, now fait oy some worthy offers, would be quieted”? such @ pag, i? itseif necersary, harmonizes with our sysem of govern- ment, comes in collision wich ao military iteax, ope- rates thr vgb perfectly disinterested chauneis secuces & hearing whenever asked, and accomoli:hes che improve ments sough:. without Glsguise and witaout snoekia the genersi sense of justice. Why it wes not preferrel may prosibly be explained by the haste with whico the wet Was UF from without the two caawbors, at the heel of a Jegiclative session; and oy is reiag somewhat tco slow, if not too uncertain in its cesuits, Ur satiny Ube craving for quick and inevitaole advance mt. Genslemen, L must close. Impriied to this fatrusfon * upon your uotice oy my sense ot duy to 4 conniry | re- vere, tow nevy I love, and to ny owa bligated fans, bat ont thing ‘emains for me to suy:—From the judg'nvat which the President has adooted, oa y oecause 1° came from a boa d created by authority of jaw, and by which WY position is lowered, L appeal to the representatives of the Ame.ivan p-ople. I’, through these bigh organs, it shall sppeac that this judgment is not that of my countsy men, the wi-dom of C mgress will best do what their grext constituency may Gesire, without a sugges- tiow trom me: but if, on the contrary, the tree, jas’, en- lightened anc glorious na‘ion to which every virod of my heart ie cemsecrated aflirm the cesrevof my humilistiva, he: commision becomes @ reproacy. CHARLES STEWART, United States Navy. Pumapenria, Jan. 7, 1856, Onto Polltics. INAUGURAL OF GOVERNOR CHASK—HI3 IDEAS ON THE NEBRASKA MILL, ECC., ETC. Hon. Salon P. Caase was insuguraiet Governor of Obio on the 14th inst., and thereupon delivered an inau- gurel adcress, in which be suys:— Your first and most earnest attention, gentlemen, will doubtless be dirested to imoortant matters within the immediate sphere of your legislative po wera; but you cannot foget that you represent a sovereign State of the American Unicn, third 0! the thirty-one, ia wealth, Bnd power, and population, and second to nons in pat- etic cevotion to the welfare of the whole couatry, The appcintment of a Senator to represent the Scate in one branch of the Americaa Vongresa devolves upon you, and im making this appointment you will necessarily be — ed to consider ihe interests of Ohio asa mem ber of the Union. Foremost among these interests is the preservation o the Union itself. Establisned by the wisdom of our fe thers for tne sublimest and noolvst p litical ends, i; de scends to ue asa sacred trust. Unier its beaign intlu ence our country has steadily advanced frou strengta t strength, and from greatness to greatuess, exteadiag ber borders, eplarging her resources, ani augmeaticg her power, until the name of American citizen han become « ncbler distinction taan was the name of Roman citizen ia the proudest days ot the migh'iest republic of antiquity, To maintain the integrity ot this Uniou; to defend ths constitution whien is its bond; and to guard against atl invasion from whatever quarter, those American institu- tions which the Union and the constitution secare to us, have ever been, and I trust wilicver be, acknowledged as sacred obligations by the peuple of Oaio. Cherishing those sentimenc#, and ever prepared to give full proof of unwavering fidelity to them, it is not oaly our righs but our du'y to insisy that the interests of Ohio shall be duly regarded in the admiuistration of the general government. Few States contrioute 4) largely to the nativnal revenues as our owa. The people of Unio have paid to the federal g vernment or to its gran:ees, for the soil which they occapy and cultivate, more than thirty millions of dollars. Of the reveuue derived from duties we contribute necessarily ia proportion wo our numbers. As the population of our Staic is about one- tench of the entire population of the Union, we pay about one-tenth cf that revenue. Its entire amount for the last year exceeded sixty millions of dolla portion of Ohio was of course six millions. While we have thus paid fr the very soil we live on, an smount which no other people bas ever paid unter like circumstances, or under any circums'ances, and while we stitl contribute thas amply and freely wo the onnual revenue, it is not an agreeable reflection that, of all the States in which the general governmeat has as- serte¢ a proprietary right to the soil, Ohio bas reseived the least in grants of ands for education, improvem-nt, and other like purposes; and that while m'llions are ex- pended jor the protection and benefit of commerce on the vcran coasts of the republic, the property aod lives of our own people are exposed to condinaal peril and enormous joss upon our rivers and our lakes for the wart of comyaratively insignifiesns ap srogria- tions tor the improvement of their channels aad harbors, ‘The inj>stice of unequal granta of lands ix perhas be- yond remedy; but it will be our own faultit our rivers und harbors continue to be taus negiected. While in these und many other important details of ad- ministration the icterests of our owa State ace deeply sttected by the action of the national g vernment, we are even more vitally concerned in the great priasiple by which that scion ard the progressive dovelopement of our country are regulated and controlled, ‘As man is more than his circumstances, as freedom is better than wealth, as rights are more important than institutions. it becomes us to look well to the fantamea- tal ideas which determine the character of government and the course of its practical operation. The basis of American institu:ione is the democratic principle of equality among men. They rest upon the solid foundation of popular consent. The primary onjects of their establishment jare the defence and protectivn of personsl rights. If they fail to secure these ends, it ts the duty of the people who establish to amend or change them. “To organize and administer goverament upon these principles is the true work of a repablicaa people. While the democratic idea thus constitutes the basis of American institutions, various exsepttons, under the pressure of real or auppored exigencies, bave boen ad- mitted to its universal application. Among these, siavery, the creature of despotism and the deadly opposite of de- mocracy, claims baieful p e-emiaence. When our ceuntry asserted her independence. slavery existed in all the States. Its evil influences, social and pohtical, were, however, well uncerstood, and its ir/econ cilabie ant im to the rights of hamaa nature and in vir of just government was univesally ‘ac- in wedged. The founders of the republic, in framing our institu- tions, were careful to give no national sanction to thix portentous anomaly; but they attempted no interference wi'h irs existence in the States. Outside of Stave mits they allowod it no shelter. Within State mits they left it to the exclusive disposition of S:ates imme ti- ately concerned. No fact is better established by the records of the Tp then the prevalence during the cartier period of our history, of an almost universal ex- tation that slavery, excluded, L/ posi'ive prohibition, vm all national territory, would gradually but cor- tainly, and at no distant day, under the operation of the principles of the Declaration of Independence, and throvgh the action of the State authorities, disappear wholly from every State of the Union. The foremost champions of freecom were citizens of slave States, and coenphed the highest stations in the State and national wernments. Hin 1764, tiomedtiately after the partial adjustment of the conflict between the claims of the Union and the pre- tensiona of the States in reapect to tho territory between the Aileghanies and the Missiasipnt, through the csssion, dy Virginia, of the terri:ory northwest of the Ohio, Je(fer: son proposed to provide forever against the extension of slavery, by ® positive prohibition of its existense after 1800, ‘in any territory ceded or to be ceded, or in any State to be created out of such territory. Nae ote ed prohibition received the votes ot sixteen ont of twenty- three delegates, and of six out of nine States in the Con- gross of the confederation. J+ failed to become a law by reaton of that provision of the articles of confederation which made the concurrence of at least seven States necestary to an affirmative decision of any question. The great majority in its favor indi- cates, however, the provalent sentiment of the time, Three years lator the ordinance of 1787 impressed upon the soil of the territory northwest of the Ohio an indeli ble prohibition of slavery. That ordinance was adopted by the unanimous votes of all the States {o Congress. covered every inch of territory subject to tho exclusive regulation of the general government. in the same year the national conatitn‘ion was framed. Mr. Madison deciared ft Wests J to admit in the consti- tution the {dea that there could be property in man.’ No such word as stave or slavery found place in any of its provisions. All ition of the itfulness of elayoholding, andall national sanction of practice, . Tae pro- was careful y exluced fom the iostrument. In every clause which has been or can bs construed us referring ty tlasery, itis regarded a8 the creature of Dua'e ingisia, tiom, ans depevdent wholly apon State legislation for existence and continuance. there is no e iv ths coa- stitution iteelt, or im tbe cobetes of its framers, of auy expectation or apprehension of the ins itation or main- tenance of slavery by uutinaul jaw, or in uations! terri- tory. No ove an’ icipated its ex.easion veyone the Limits of the existing States, But tue ppenie, saaninecs additional security, When, therefore, Virginia sugge-ted an ameudment of the Con s'i ution, that ‘‘no freeman ought to pe deprived of his life, Mberty or property, but by the sw of the lead,” Congress refused to sanction this res*ric’ea yuuraaty, but propored, tor the adoption of the Stutes, ua acead- ment, embracivg & comprehenrive and exiresy Laterdic: ing, #1 invasion of persooal riguts by the geceral Bevernment. That in'erdiot, made purt of cue Constitu- aon by the conseut of the States, ix ia these words:— “No person * * * # shall pedesryed of life, linerty or property withoui due process of faw.!’ So long ws this Provist.n remains unaltered, itis not eany to vee how slavery can be coustivutionsliy introduced anywhere or continued anywhere by nuuvual tegisluicom vr in na- ttonat rerricry ‘This brief stetewent will sutfice to show what was the Pelvy and what was the anuciyation of the founders of ‘Yhis iepublic in respect to stuvery. ‘Their policy was one of repression, Ucatation, ofscotrugemea'; they satict- pated with confidence the auspictous result of uoiversal freedom. Persistent adbereni» ty their policy wouid do.biJera have rewlized their anticipations, Teed not ray w you that this policy has mot heea ad- bered to; nor need Itrece the gradual process by which the copsititutiou his been wrested fron ita origina: pur 5, and the government has been c nverted iat ao iustrum ent for the maintensace and extension of slavery. By versions trim slave dt-(es and by treaties with f reixt governmen's, vast tecritoris bave been wequt-ed, ip ull of which the original poiey of the goveromeut r= quired prohisition, but to nour of watch was prohibition actually spplicd, until resistance to the furtter 1uc-e4se of rlnvery and the slave power ia the repuvlic by the ad- tolssion Of tissouri us a save State, Ind to the great cou- West between the extensionis.s aad the ze-tric!ionines, which, in 18:0, terminwied fa the adjustment geserally known as the Missouri cow promise. ‘Lhe terme of that compromine were these: that Mi-son- 11 should be admitted with slavery; that slave y sbould be forever probibited in the teritory acquired feom France, vort ) degrees 30 minutes, except Missouri, and that Congress should refrain, fr ihe proswata; least. from legislative probivicion of slavery sou'h of 16 deg evs £0 wioutes. This last erm was ouly implied; it was nor expressed, this compromise, in substance and effect, was a com. pact between the slaveboldivg wed con-simvehalding se: tups of \he counvy and was universuily vo regaried 1: yrel.ed to slavery abs luteiy the territory occupied py Missouri, and it lett without the protec:ioa of pruutot ion all the residue of territory equlrod ucder the Freuch treaty, south of 40 degrees 40 minutes. As the original policy of the countiy, and the true principies of the ¢ 0- stiwion, required “the excusing of slavery from che whole of this territory, it was 40 be expested tha: this adjartmen: wou) be leceived with must diséecdsfiction in the free States. It wan 62 revived; bus afer a tine, for the sake of peace, and ita the fuil’ beiief tout its ett pulations in respec: to the territory north of 10 deg ues 30 minutes woud ve taithsuliy observed, the people gaue- rally acqui-sced in it, Concession iavites aggression. Haying succeeded in es'abiicbing siavery in Missouri, the sieve power soon insisied upon the impied term of the eomoromise as a poritive stipulation for the allo vacce of slavecy souta of BO Cegrees (0 ninuie:—not omy in the teritory we qvirea trom Fraxce, but iu slLo her tercito y, wienever and howe-er seyuired, in waich savery mignt exist ut We tune of acquiition, This interpretation was teeitly adm 1; and under the compromise, thus interprete!, Arkaasas, Texas and Fiorida eame into the Cniva as slave States, cad che smeli remaioder of the territory south of 20 deg. 30 min, was alloited to slavsholding Loatan tribes, Ali the terri:o-y south ot the Missouri line, whether acquired before or after she date of the so. »p umi-e, was thus incorp raved inte slave States, or otherwi-e ap, priates to slavery urder the stavepolding onter pret’ ion of the compact. Nothing wad left to t.eedom or ret ds meni by non-rlaveholding freemen, excopt the torriior north of the Missouri lime, Tae feveiom of this tert. tory, {t was thought, wan firmly secured. Guaranteed dy ihe constitution, pro.ec'ed by original p liey, guarded by a compast in the fullilment of which so been yie.dcd that it seed impossible for slavery itset to ask more, the people of the free states uever dreamed that it could be invaded or endangered. Bat this anticipation proved illaory. When the time arrived for tue o-yanization of government for this te:rlory with a view to open it for settlemeat and cul‘i- vation, the country was asiounded by the de- mand of the slave power for the abroga'iton of the Missouri prohibition, At ficst the demaad «as heard with tneredulous amuzement, and then with unavating tudignation. It avaied nothing to appeal to pighted fuitl)—nothing to appeal to ancient pyiicy or cunscitu- guaranties. ‘The great doutaant power of siavery ded the eucrifice of treedom, and the volation mast be mude. ihe Missouri prohibition was repeaieds the compromise of 1820, perfurmed to the letter, and tar be- yond the letter, by the free States, was broken up aad cestroyed by the siave States to avoid the fuitilmeat of its only stipula:ion in favor of freedom. ‘Yue pretences uncer which this wrong was perpotrated give additional krenness to the sense of Injury. At was doldiy acgerted that the peousbiigoa ‘was uncon- stitutinal, The power to prohibit territorial slavery had been exercised by tho first Congress under the con- stitution in the act providing for conunuing in full effect the ordinance of 1787. he constitution, in ox- press terms, had con‘erred on Congress the power to mare all needful rules and rogulati ons concerning the territory of the United States. This proviion had been uniformly regeraed as authorizing all necessary territorial legislation. Almost every Congres: had exercised the power, and almost every Pre«idsnt had approved its exercise. ‘Tne very persons who deniei the power to prohibit slavery, asserted the power to e:tablizb territorial governments, and to define their departmeuts ond powers, and therefore, in cenying the power ot pro hivition, were reduced to the necessity of denying taat the greater includes the less. Under these circumstances, after the prohibition had yemained unquestioned for more than the third of a cen- tury, the denial of its constituti ality rather provoxed indignation ‘han excited doubt, Tv was, also, insisted that the doctrine of popular sovereignty required the repeat of the prohibition. This was a mere abuse of terms. The true idea of pooular sovereignty demands a4 a primury esventiai emmdiion tae recognition of ina.ienatle personal rights. There can be no genuine popular sovereignty where 4 portion of the population is enslaved. The prohibition of slavery ig therefore @ necessary pre-requisite to & real sovereignty of the people, In the sense ot the apologists “tor repoul, popular sovereignty signifies nothing but the right of a portl in of the comau- nity to enslave he rest, It begins by the denial of the natural nghts of man. Jt must end in the total subver- sion of the funcamental principles of American instita- tutiins. Fora free and independent people, it would substivute community of inasters, depsndents, and slaves. Such fs the repulsive theory. In practical operation it has not proved more attractive. As om) ied in the Ne- braska-Kansas bill, it has beer fruitful ot nothing but evil. It has not conferred a single substantial benefit upon the settlors of either Territ irv. «fa no respest are they distinguish+d from the setslers of Minnesota, where slavery is prohibited, except by exposure toits evils, The sole *pecial effect. of the rasku- Kansas act aoon the Territories organtzed under it is to opea tkem to the ia- troduction of slaves. In one of them it has ted to des- perate attempts to effect that objest—to invasion, usur- > violence, bloor shed—almost to civil war, Crimes ike there are no’ the legitimote fruits of that doctrine of popular self-governuieat, to the maintenance of which our fathers pleoged ther lives, theic fortuaes and their ho: ur. In all these things our own State has a deep and peeu- linr interest. Our own history furnishes the most som- lete vindication of the — of slavery protuhition. e occupy, in part, the soil protected from tho blight of slavery by the ordinance of 1787. Mor more thaa half a century the people of Ohio have been accustomed to re- gard ‘hat ordinacce with mingled emotions of gra'itads and pnde. Conspicuous among its provisions and in fit companionship with its sacred gnarantees of religious trcedom. ot hberality towards immigrants, of the inviola- Dility of private contracts, of the security of private property, and of universal education, stands the great in- terdiet against slavery, acknowiedging and impartially protec'ing the rights of manas man. The words to shish we always recur when seeking in the ordinance the peca liar springs of cur wonderful prosperity and progress, are those which emocdy this prohivition. Never did vhe noble pioncers who laid the foundations on which we now jeyfnlf¥ build, somplain of that interdict as an abrivjgement of any rights, personal or political. On the contrary, they have over sposen of it as the pil- lar of fire by night ond of cloud oy day wr ien guided and protected them in the wilderness. More than any other State, Ohio, as the first born of tbe ordinance, and in debied to the ordivance for her proud position as the third State of the confeceracy, and first among the now Stater, is bound to cherish and defend its great aad bene- ficent principles. In 80 doing we shall be fellow workers with it# Wlustrions framers in therr own dectared policy and purpose of extending the fandamental principles of civil and religious liberty whereon these republics, thelr laws and constitutions, ave erected, and fixingand es- tablishing those principles as the basis of all {a s, con- stitutfons and governments which forever hereafter shall be formed in’? Amesiean “territory.” No political duty appears to be more urgeat than thts. The question of slivery, it {6 almost universally con- ceded, transcends in present importance all othor potiti- cal quesieie of @ natioval eharseter. The repeal of the Missouri prohibition, abrogating the Mirsourf compromise, opens anew the whole subject of the relations of slavery to the Unien, to the States, and to the Territories, In determining the true line of duty, under these circumstances, it seems to be the part of wirdom to reeur to the acts of the founders of the re- public, and to the principles of the constitution. To me thee guides seem to indicate @ plain path. It leads back to the origins! national po That polisy, I have already remarked, while 1t san no outs inter- ference with slavery witbin the slave States, contem- plated no extension of it beyoud State limits. It re rded slavery in all its relations as subject, exclusively, fostate legislation, and absolved the ral government from all responsil for its extensiom or continuance, Gur return to that policy should bo signalized by the resto- ration of the guaranty of freedom to the Territories which have heen ved of it by the retrograde legislation of Congress. the policy originally adopted been per- vetonth pursued, the aqueation of slavery would tere disturb our ceared since to vex our re] Soanetia, Sroula that policy be Testored, may wo not confidently expect the restoration, also, of taowe rela- tions of harmony and good will which characterized che era of ita adoption, and that, through al of all ae- tional legislation in support of Lag! ee the constitn- ional action of State iments, the ardont desics of our fathers for the deliverance of the wiole couatry f-om the Chae by may “ie bee be sagged No worthier chjecta than these, judgmout, can engage united efforte of freomen. Frank ‘and cordial co-o} for there noble enda exaludes all invidious unjast discrimination on account of birth or creed, endangors no right ef any individual or any State, but promises the happy result of a more ‘union, established upon the solid foyngations of exact justice and oqual rignts, the ‘tion ADVERIIEMENTS. RENEWED EVERY DAY. _ saces av AUCTION. UCTION BO. 1ck.—~FU LEIGH KOBBS, &0.— A ate Parks, ausinoeer sav st og wall sell av, at MN o'ek at their Ly po Trosdway, Guihie all. the ‘natn steck ofa desler deniaing ben ‘Doss, Comprising every variety of ladies’ and gentlemen's 8 ys egy" DOTICE, J. BOGART, ALCTIONRER—BY 5. BOGAKT.—This day, Jun. 16, at 11 o’ciook, at the ccroer of Broadway wd Aug blreet. mortgage sale of the el fecis of he testauract f a6 Terrapin Lunch, consisting of large mirrors, bar counter, oilelotb, tables, chairs, tamolers, decanters, kitchen 'urniiuse. copper doiler, de , #c. SMITH BLOaN, Attorney fo: ACSTON, NOTICR—J. BOGART, AUCTIONEER —BY | 5 bOGaRT.—To morrow, Thursday, at 10% o'clock, at the suction rooms corner of Frankfort wud Wise streste, She: ‘8 lot of groveries 2 Loxes Also, @ general assortment of household fray ire, wa) ogeny sofas, ¢O bureaus, corner stands. one chest of car: penter’s ioola, Also Conatanle’s sale of # lot of lorking glass | Tames, looking glasses, Daiatings, &c Ht, Mansua: vie. Also. Constable's sale of a fot of jewelry, fancy artic.es, crosses, portemonr ais trames, trou sale, door springs, amall tacks, &c,, dc. sale peremptory, ‘ALEXANDER Tomson, Constable, UOTION NOTICF.~J. BOGART, AUCTIONEER—BY 8. HOG AB1—Monday, 21st, at Llo’ciock, at579 Broadway, mortgage gale, hote! und barroom furaita”e, consisting of mar® bie top bar counters, mixrore, ov vaintings, engravings chairs, chine ‘and giaraware, olieloth, bedatenda, beds and bedding’ ‘uremus, sofas, , marble top tables, rockers, kitchen fur- nitwe abd wienslia. &¢ , ae. A.B. FOUNTALY, Attorney for mortgagee. UCTION —R, C. FRENCH, AUCTIONEER, WILL SELL on Wednesday January 16, at 104 o'clock’ all the fur t- ture ip the bouse 462 Broome street, a few doors from Broad- way, Cousisuing of every wanted in housekeeping; coa lating, in part, cfone7 vet: forte, elaborately carved Tose cod parlor suite, om ry “4 Bacin broca\el; good Brussels, Carpets; rose wood conire, ade Sha site tables marcle tops; elegant rosewood marble ta Cecere, mirror front wud hack, and ned with sata wood: weweod avd mahogany Elizubetbian bedsteads; pure hair mavtresses, palliassis, rosewood warole top bureaiis and wash Stards also, oli paistiaxs, large gils frame mirrors, sity plated ware, cutiery, ac” This sale will be without any serve Whatever, and deposits required trom every purchaser. Persons in wat of cood Mrnitare shoud attend, as every ur. ticle in the house wil ve posiuvely sold, Catalogues ready on morn'sg of pal UCTION Goops AGENC oF for consigament and sale, suction nud Commission houand in the ctties of the West. kvory kind of goods taken, Guurautee, casi advances, quick sales snd prom peretnros. JUHA P. Oa MP! Office 15 Broadway, N. Y. UOTION NOTICE.~ KXTENSIVE CLOSING SALE OF rich turs and sleigh robes, this (Wednesday ) morning, wt LL o'clock, c DAY. RUSSeLL & CO, will seit at 85 9 doors from Fulton,) one ot the iargest factored furs and sleigh robes @er olfred at Vhe furs Are ® warranied in a perfect sate of n, And are Well made ‘The whule will be pow tive- pubic sak preserves ly old withoutthe least reserve, to close the stock. UCTION NOTICE —A. M CREETALAR WILL SRLL on ‘This day. wt 1 o'clock, at 23 Bowery, tha contsas pik8, E1gb! vnlires nnd carpet bags, contaialug clo h- . Ali the aveve wore leli at Reed & Moss's we, 15 Bowery—ail the above bemg leit more then one year, CCTION NOTICE —-A. M. ORISCALAR, AUCELON- A "eur, will sell on Thi dav, at "I orciore at 23 Rowery, a large iatoreohing, dacage!l og fire, cousisting of cuts, peut and vests. of various kinds and styles, &e. DOUGBTY, AUCTIONEER,— This day, wt 10d ofc 27 Ceutre street uw variety of d second tand furniture. viz, ingrain and tapestry yeis somNS, chairs, two piate mirrors, lounge beds, bureaus, neh and covave bedsieads, 40 hair mattresses, weritag 9A. baie peremptor Uerron NOT i—THOS. KELL, AUCTIONS! ol & Bush UCTION NOTICE. M. R, BY icure’s sale of cabinst turaiture, &e day, utli%s Jelock tour galesrooms, wil be sold ‘with outveserve, by order of the assigase, the tollowing va uanie articles of well msde Curnitor+:—Walant chairs, fune rockiag, do; seven rosewood and mahogany Wrench beds eads. tive bu? remus, sOven couch bedstead«, “Ookstands, seven co tating houre desks, wri'ing ables, mattresses, dc.’ Also, dry goods, clowning *, op ohtire stock of jewelry, one buudred boxes prime segars, guns, &c. HENEY BURDETT, Assignee, LUDLOW, AUCTIONEER. —BY VIRTUE OF A WRIT «ofa catielmortgase and several executions, wtil be saud pd 62 Lixpenurd -treet. at 10 a, AL, ou Wedaesday, , he en'ire contents of the star Hote). 19 e ot the premi-es aud the good will of the bneiness, consisting in part ot offre chairs, dining and exten- sion lables, writing cosks, chaode ters, olleloth and mating, lurge ‘ot of crockery aud Klass wore, Copper aod brass atel tir, ieatber and other Leds, tatiresses and bedding of wil kinds, cay peting of varinus kinds, bu eaus and bedr ow farai- tire, y7—bedaterds, mable top tavies, washwtands, £0, &e. Alo, a large lator kitchen ‘ucniture and ntenatls ot ali kinds necessary for a first cinas chap hott e AbO. parlor Curnitare, tales, handelivrs, paintings, on qravlugs, car: peting » contents oa bathroom; also, one elegunt Fr ‘iso, 9 splendid lot of barroom tural ture of BIL or pump, &e.. dc, necessary for w | " " ines, beer and liquors of kinds anda large and enotce lot of segars of the bev brands. ‘The above ia the most prosperous, genteel and central chop house in the elty. JOHN WILSON, Attorney for mortgagee and Peputy sheriff. ¥ _KDWARD SCUENCK, AUCTIONEER. Schenck wil’ sell at auction, this das. at 102 his eaiesroom, 16 Wail sircet, animporter’s stock, consisting in part of Gird Pinot, Hennessy, Martel and champarue cognac brandies; Amontillado, seven star, and other shernies,; Howard, March & Co, Blackburn's south side Madet- ma the London decks; h and Trish whiskeys, Jezaica rum, &c., &c.. in wood und glass; to be sold in lots to suit. Also'an invoice of chamoagne; Inrge and se- leated invoice of genuine imported Havana and German s0- gare Fale without reserve. Y EDWARD SOHENCK AUCTIONEER —EDWARD Schenck will sell at auction, on Friday, 1sth instant, at lug o'clock, at his salesrcom, NO. 16 Wall street, an invoice of Fleini+h paintings, corsisting ‘of interiors, sea Dieccs, flower, 4c. ac. To be positively sold to close consignment. "Now on view. RY GOODS AT AUCTION.—P. J. KELLY, AUCTION. eer, Will soll this day, at 10 o’¢ ock, on the’ premisre, 31 Vatherine sircet. the balance of the stoce, consisting principal- ly of tall und winter goods, tor cash, in lois to suit purckarera. establishment; Jy, % AARON, AUCTIONRER—WILL SEL, THIS DAY 2 at half-past lon o'clock, at 67 Nassau strect, upwards of 200 fire cold watcbes, suitable for Indies aud gentlemen, part of which are of most excellent finish and can be tully warraat- also rich diamonds and gold jewelry, without reserve, for ed; re )\XTUNSIVE SALE OF REAL ESTATE.—OUR READERS “4 will notice that A. BLESCKER & CU, will sel] at pub ite auction, on ihe 24ih January, 1456, at 12 o'clock, at the Mor chants’ Fxchange, New York, abont seventy vainable pieces of property, in ‘be city of brooklyn. The sale will be positive. {evetog ‘an aesigeces’ sale, every lot ollered for sale will be +010 to the highest bidder. Maps of the property can be bad ‘fat he aucdoncers’ office, No. 7 et GiQEGE COOK, AUCTIONFER LARGE SALE OF furniture, cutlery, mirrors, plated ware, c.. on Taura- day, at 11 o’eiock, at store No. 100 Broadway, including parlor, chamber and dining room suits, wardrobes,’ ceotre, side, sols snd extension tables, bookcasés, &c. Sale positive. Cata- panes reudy. ENRY A. LEEDS & Cu., AUCTION K#RS —HENRY H. Leeds & Co. will sell, b¥ anctioa. on Thurstay, Jann- ary 17, 1856. a! 12 o'clock, at ihe store, 19 Nassau sreet, to trade ano others, large and peremptory wie of th brardies, gins, tum, whiskey, Madeiras, sherries, p pasves, clarets, hock and Havana segary, being the sock of an importer declining business. ‘The greater part in d the balance in stare. consisting ot LL octaves tine old Mudetra; one putt Novos »sherry, 1888; 3 casks pure Juice Madeira, 1442; ope quarter cusk of old Pinet & Co. cog ac branay, 1844; two quarter caaks Otard brandy, 1840. nine dem|jobns old Hennessey & Uo, do, 1844; one puncheon Lon- don dock Jamaica rum;3 quarier casks Monongahela whiskey, and 6 demijobns fine do. also, 12 demijobns dark brandy, and W cures vino Tinw. Also, 65 Haskets of muperior champagne; 40 baekels of Fleur de Sellery do ; 106 cases Chateau i navilie, or sbip Dugiey.. iso, in bond 10 halt hd. St; Ju lon cla: bip Cindva % road street ret, by the sbip var; 5M) aaKes do ; 510 cases Cna- teun Marganx; 10 ball casks ct. Kstepbe, per ship Montreal, J bhds, claret, St. Juvian’s, ‘por. the Lact canes Uha- a Leovilia, vers tuperior, ls43; 60 do. Haus Breon do.. 1848; 40 eighth casks brandy, halt pate, halfdark; 10 quarter do, do. bait palo, bait dark; 10’ pipes Heiluad gin’ about 100 gall ne each. Alo, 46 Mopera secare ‘Tertm—For nal sums uader $100, cosh, from $1.00 to $200. ninety days; from $200 to 3500, four montis; and ail amounts over $800, six mouths, for ap: proved endorsed notes. ENRY B HERTS, JR., AUCTION St le of groceries, wines, liquors and Havana seza dfrom cowhesst corner of Twenty tourth street a Henry B. Herts, Jr, will sell xt auction on ‘y 17, at 10% o'clock, at store No. 63g Pine street comprising green ard binck teas, angars, spices, can- dios, olive oll. herrinas, olives, ouilve, vosp, ginger. sushivies, warcines, pickles, branaies, gin, Irish aud Scotch whiakey, port, sherry, Muir & Son's Edinburg ale, cordlals, cham: hognes, and n large quantity of Gavana wegars, Terms sash, A deposit required of all purchasers, OUN L. VANDEWATRR, AUCTIONEER.—TO THE o) rade. “JOON L. VANDEWATER will sell, on Thurwday, Jan. 17, at 1034 o’elock. at the salesroom, 12 Maiden iane & rich asgortment oferysial cu: glass ware, of the Broogiyn tat Glass Company's mavufacture, consisting frieh cut decanters in se.8 and pairs; champagnes, Wines, hocks clarets, rich cat Water phehers, celleriea, claret jugs fait owls, stigar dish ex, wine decarters, &c., the whole torming the richest assort mentot cut glasn Ware offered at auction this season, above aaie aifords afine epportunity to dhe trade, as every lot {810 be sold withont reserve. 0 t SALF.—JOUN W. SOMERINDYKE, AUC- pee North Wiliam ay geil, by Aad 3 PREME COURT.—WILLARD 8. REED AGAINST ) Bamvel Trureaelt & Joho sweepstakes are jocome: 4 the months of April aud May; on good day. a curing the trail “4 i ness. : e. No. 6.—dweepsiakes for all paciug hryses, excepting Poce- bor ns, she tn xo toa wagon, Wagon wad driver eights 2500 surecription; mile heats, best $ in 5, in harness. Two er more w& ‘No. 6.—bpeepataker {oral trotting teams, #1,000 subsorition; Mle het. best 3 in 5, in double Two or more to make 8 rece, No 7,—Sweepsiakes for ai trotting horses, $300 subscriptinn, ml boats, best 3 in & to wagons—wagon und driver to welgh oy ho &—Sweepstakes for all trotting borses that never wom & puree, subscription $500; n.tle heats, Lest 3 in 5, io harass, Xo, 9,- Bweepataben {ur ail trot: g horses that never wrote in 2:86. subscription $00; mile heas, dest S10 5, to wagoas, do ip.—sweepstokes for all toting horses that never trot- tha aoc po chin best * in fo wagons, eu mitle bens, best No 11—hweepstakes tor all Soune hovene ‘that naver trot- ted in 2:43. excepine horses that ure already matched; sub- scription $100; mile heats, best $ in 5, in barness, ‘No, 12 —Sweepsiakes for all troting horses the’ never trot ted in 2:46, excepting horsex that are Dow maiched; subsorip tlon $100; mile beats. hest 3 in 5, i harness. No 13.—Hweepatakes ior al’ horseathat never trotted in 2:58, excepling borsen tant are ulready matched subscription $005 tlle ben's, rest sin &. in harness. ho. Id. —Sweepsiukes for all pacing horses thet never paced for movey; subscription $10). mile heats, best 3 in 6, tm ‘Tbe above sweepstakes are all half forfeit, and the proorie- tors willfadd two-thirds of ube proceeds of tbe course, dodeet- ing expenses, to the wicning borse tu exch race; aad in o-der ‘parbes, the proprietor dees ic prover that the forielt money be devosited on the day of the en'res, by en- dovsed notex made pavable on the Ist day of May. N. B— In all the sweepstakes three or more to makes race, cepting Nos. Sand 6. poten ikiand & Duryee’s, corner of Mut Brosatvey soa Caihesin t, on We tnesda; ing, Jam roadway and Catherine street, on Weinesday evening, J 16 at 8 o'clock. SHAW & WHITH, Proprietors. FINANCIAL. — 999,000 ~LADies OF GENTLEMEN WisaTNS . Selanne on, or to dumpoge of, watrhon, die. tond:, jewelry, pianos, dry goods sogars. hardware Gresrman, Dunloa! inatrnimicata, horsey Cacriagen, barooss Or aly Other of persone! proverty, may do go coatident rompuly. aL TAYLUK & 0.'s, 39 Chamors atrout, Kea‘etiver bought. Ofice hours irom 9 6 P.M. vs () — MONEY T9 LOAN ON DIAMONDS, $600,000 Serre cere aN ON OO ES or bovght for cash; stocks, notes, mu os de , orgous Business confidental and pruupt, oy THOMPBR ION & : broger+ and comwinsiou merchauls, 102 Nassau vi:eet, corner of Aun, room No. 2, second Hor, bP TO LOAN—ON WATCHES, DLAMON $557.00! je¥eire segurs, and every descrivtion vainable property, or bought for cash, by JOS & (Aad, basement office, 1 Chamers sireet from 9 ul 6. Buiaems (gn ce sod cuntidental § Old gold aud silver vough N. B— 0 busineds transt cted on saturcay, Ola goa 5 OOO AFINE,THOCSaxD DOLLARS TO LOLS Je) . in sinal! avms on abort time Good and taxgtele Fecuri'y requires, watches, dismonds, plate, jewelry piane, melodeons and first bond end mortgave, merchaudixe, ke ap- ply 100. O HERUMAN, 1 varciay street, tures doors from Astor House, Ufflve hours trom 9 a, M. to bP. M, 52, 5U TO $3,000 WANTEL—ON LEASE 8TOOK, BS fixtures and furniture of two of the best hotels im the city, worth seven times tne smount required, for which @ dopu foveet, 16 icnlars apply at 258 Broadway, room 10, BiMEKS & 1a YLOR, O00 20 KOAN<AT LEGAL INTEREST, OW ie first clsga bus Dess paper, heving not more thee Mivety days torun Address ‘Tf. Johnson, Broadway Poa Gfliee, No broker mece apply. NY AMOUNT OF MONRY TO LOAN ON SHORT terms, on diamouds, watches, rich jawelry, piste, valua- Rersonal property. or purchased Yor cast pricga, | me 1D, 69 Fulton street. second floor, front roam from 8 A. Me to4 P.M. A few valuable oil paintings lo be sola ata bar gain or exchanged tor me! dine. ASB LIBERALLY AWVANCED ON HOUSEHOLD FUR- hiture, pianctorise, watches, Jewelry, su gical, nautiens and rrusical ft stizmments, dry goods hardware, horses, wagons, aleighs, roves and personal property ot every deseriptioa, et same bought out for cash. Gi re eived on x ond out door sales x MCUAPF NAY & WaLtens "16 Catharine stroot attended to, by IVIDEND.—OFFICE OF THE OCEAN STRAM NAYVI- gation Company, New York. Jan. 7. 1466.—The sorrd of Dtrectors of this company have this day deciared a seu(-anne- al dividend of five pereent. payable on the Ist of Fob a ‘The transfer books will be closed from the 15th inatant to 4 U. K. ANDERSON, IVIDEND. Ufice of the Columbia Fire Insurance 5 No. 59 #arciay st., corner af College place, Soe ; Directors of the Fire Insurance Columbia this day deciared semi aunua’ dividend of pany have a five Bt, payable al the office of be company on and: the 10ub insisat The tranafer books will be ‘closed AILROAD Company. New York. Jan. 7, 1856.—The Board of virest- ors of this company have this day dec'ared a dividend of six Per cent out of tbe net Cree ‘of the road, payabie on and atter the 1th instant, at the ofllce of v, 78 Broad- way. FRANCIS SPIES, Secretary, cent, payable un andater ‘he Ist of rebruary next. The trams fer Books will bo closed from the 24th ies. to he 1st ot Feb. ve. EDWARD B. FELLOWS, Secretary. f ipl 2 ame ~~ INSTITUTION, 96 WARREN STRERE. Dir —This instivution has declared @ semi-annual dividend. at the rate of six per eent, on ali sums enutied there- to for the last three and six months, payab'e on ater the ‘2ist inst. All interest not cailnd pay and for will draw interest as prim- cipal. Open daily from 10 to bn ede: yu WaLT&R W. CONCKELIN, President. ‘Wu. M. Porus, M.D. Van Pave. § Vice Presidents. Vaxpanstr L, Buxrox, Secretary MOREY 70 LOAN—ON DIAMONDS, WATCHES, JEW eiry, plenoe, dry goods, segars and over, descrip taable property. or bought fur ash. Stocks, no‘es, mrt- , &c.. negotiated, EK, THAXYLR, 34 Broadway, room 2, second siory. of Ke DRY GOODS, &C. Thave opened a splendid assortsnent of Paris quellty alt lave opened a len ent ju Jeivv lies, tes and ® keneral stock of men's Turnishing For sale 16 the trade on liberal terms, Broadway, Chambers and Reade streets, F. JARVIS & CO. WISH TO INFORM THEIR * patrovs that they are disposing ot their eatire stock of millinery goods, which consist of m large stock of fall and spring goods. The avove must be disposed of prior tothe la Feb) uary, a8 the premises are sensed from that date, 4; B.— Furniture and # ore fixtures for sale A. F. JARVIS & CO., 72 Capal street, ROOKS’ IVORY POLISHED GLACE SEWING OOP. ton.—This new thread took the gold medal at the Paria Ex- osition over Coa’s, Ulark, and every other maker, It cea- ier the lusire ot sik with the etrength ot lineu; does not kook. erkwk. Aull supply of white, black and al: colors received by every steuaner, and for sale by WakkL&e & WILSON, 4% Broadway. LACK GUIPURE LACES (AUL WIDTHS) lace 3 veils, evifures barbes. New lot, just re- ceived at PESKR KUBBBYS & CO.'S, 375 Broadway. ANUS, BANDS, IN FRENCH EMBROIDERAD; FLOUN- cings, edginas ano tnsertings. Ao a large lot of em- broideries, Vale clenue laces. splendid assortment, wid @ opened to day (Tuesday), at PETAR KUBHRES & 00/3, 31S broadway. ravi Koods. XIRAORDINARY AND UNP&ECEDENTED SALB © ary goods, amounting to $90,000, consisting of sivas, shawls, cleaks, velvets, merinos, 2 flannels, biaa- Kou, counterpaaes. sheetings. table, linea. céedm-res, cat, neta, &c., hosiery, gloves, embroideries, ac., wid be sold without regard io value. Male to Moe next and continue fitteen days LANK & PORTER, 6 herine street, beg to inform thelr friends and iia iussh they ane oseana wens entire we on which they in an Dew selection of goods, aa soon as the alterations ean be cota pleted. Shey bave, theretore, determined to dispose of their pga ‘at such prices as will ensure a speedy clearance. 0 PES FURS, FURS—AT THE WEST END EMPO No. 128 Caval wreet. ‘The ladies are requested to call Sito, Ss exeantee verlelp ot beneaial tele et eee en dren. One price. WE a, of eeverai mortgages, the line of stages known as the Pine ferry, Epring strect and Tevih avenue line, on Thursday, January 17, at 10g o'clock, on the promises, Tenth avenue and TBety id" street, all the horses, siages, wagons, sleigh. doubie and sinale harness, sieigh bells, &c., together wih blacksmith and wheelwright shops, tools. abvils, bellows, lumber, iron, &e., de. JOUN W, 'SOMERIN DYKE, Altorney for Mortgagoe. 5 i. DELISSER, AU AND 879 BROAD. «way, comer of White sireet.—LKAVITT, DBLISSER & CO, will sell by auction, on Wednesd wi erening, Jan. 16, com- mencing at 6!4 o’clock, ® large and valuable collection of illus trated, theological ni | books, to the @tieation of purcbarers is respectfully invited, ‘The books are now open for examination, and catalogues are ready. Call and see them. EGARS AT AUCTION—IHIS AFTERNOON, AT 3 1D o'clock, at 8t Nassau street, consisting of a large variety of paper, lead and , from 2510 1,000, sold it tots to sult pur- chasers. Dealers and’ private condumers will attend. TUNIS MORRELL, Auotionocer, itsesichinteaia hse eee Se (TUNIS MORRELL, AUCTIONEER —PRINTERS WGUIP- menta at auction, this day, at Li o'clock, at 81 Nasu street, consisting of valuable articles to the trade, and will be soid without any reserve, consisting of preas, type, stands, &c, ane ae Ty ES, WwW 3. MELIOR, AUCTIONGER—BY HOUGHTON & Ine a MRLLOR to morrow, 1 nt 10% oFoiock. at Ly a Aaean sirect, mor sale of e! salamander ‘wate’ mad on furniture, large made by Hols L3 Bnver, with patent gunpowder proof L- 3 cad Cont SIT; 0 thick French puate pier andoval tal cut vases, French ‘chins maitel Ornamenie, rosewood Gor andy. octane lanotortes, tel oll paintings, rich clocks, books, silver PI lodeons, ings, ware, &c. H. & M. will sell ae above, and ddvancen, 0 Tafye ‘varied ‘easorament af rls Cabinet tale, can be packed for shipping on the premisce, Gra". POSITIVE AND UNRESERVED SALE OF dry goods.—J Thompson, 166 Atlantic street, Brooktym, having decided upon giving up, ihe buauness, now offers bie # ) at grea bergams ral are reevectfa: vited to make an early call, and are assured that this humbug, but a real bona or xy ‘The lease and fix- tures will also be éiepoven of, Apply to the proprietor, was THOMPSON, 165 At sireet, Brooklyn. Observe, door and first dry goods store trom Clinton street. ARGE IMPORTATION OF STRAW AND MILLINERE goods, intended for manu‘acturers of straw hets and milli- pers. viz: an extensive assortment of binding, livings, straw, si'k and batr, straw hate, silk feathers, ribboas and millinery articles, wt’ 40 aud 60 per cent lower thaa: current prices. ‘Three or six months’ credit given on notes. No. 9 Wooster street, near Canal. rs LINES, Goons oF EVERY DescRIPrion—stcH ie abecting. shirting, fronting and pillow case liness. table linens, towellings, napkins, lawns, diapers, linen cambric handkerchiets, &c. warranted of wotind b ‘aod free from oy at Oe For sale at ee at the new ep re, 74 , Above Astor Me Mcp 3.0. MILLIKEN £00. 8 ATTENTION OF FAMILIES I8 CALLED 10 TER Dew and extensive stock Linens. ‘Damask table linens, Napkins, I tn shee Brilisoren Todi dimty, ¥ Eeplish and American longclotis, 40. Ac, ., including Marge inveloe ot erRTING LINENS, of a very superior make, prices trom 25 10 $0 cents per yard, Wide Cpenet on Remi, Vanes u ART & CO , Chambers and Weade otrecta, 1 GOODS, WET GOODSs, WET G00D8.—WRT DB wet wet ped wet iets es Phe ‘and Daves of cotton shitting 8d sheeting, very advertisement fn. aod une. big MN DREW G- COLBY, 29 Grand street, shih the usa! Coes. Relersgeneral’y,. Pitoe Price, Address box 22, eee Moaday’a Herald,