The New York Herald Newspaper, January 6, 1856, Page 4

DON BENNETT, R AND EDITUR, @PVICR N. W. CORVER CY NASSAU AND FULTON ST. to advance uty HERALD, 2 conts per copy. FT per annum ADVERTISEMENT renewed cvery dain seesee eee Ne D AMUSEMENTS T-MORROW EVENING. BROADWAY THEAPRE, Bioaiwey—Kixe Onsnece— @aacnixe 4 Meama, MBLO'S CARDEN, Broadway—Jovirs—R sock, BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery— Victron» — SQUmeRRIAN- = Pls Zhao BPGN’S PRED A here New Yen's wane ane Sone peeron's New Vora Duasctoay PO nde CR THEATRE, Sroadway —Lirria Tezascee— aocvain ae Jous Practysoun & Co. BAURA KEGNES VARIETIES, Browway—Tre Eine oF ome Coun? OD QUERN OF THE 2—Paursonox, WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Brosdway—Ermoriusx Pus- pokwascRS—Sauno’s Brzax. — i BUCKLEY'S BURLESQUE OPERA HOUSE, 5° Bread- wey—Necko Minsramey—Riomagp Ui, BROOELYN ATHENSUM, Brooklyn—Eraioriay axp ‘Suarsicnoncsy Somer. New York, Sunday, January 6, 1556, _ The News. Neither of the steamers due from Earope had been Aeeard from atone o'clock this morning. At that ‘hour a snow storm of anexanrpled fury raged in this @ity and vicinity, and it probably has extended hun- dreds of miles in every direction. It is fair to anti- @hpate that the various lines of travel leading from the city will be rendered impassable, and that the telegraphic wires will be protracted for some days tecome, thus completely cutting us off from all eemmunication with the interior. Im the House of Representatives yesterday, no Prorress was made towards an eb n of Speaker. Htiw reported that the Hanks men are becoming mutinous, and the desertion of a number of his ad- herents is looked for on Monday. The democratic @aucus, announced for last night, did not take place, the snow storm preventing the attendance of members. Under the telegraphic head we publish a pendence between two democrat House of Assembly and Mr. Bai Speaker, in which the latter expresses, wit tation, his desire to promote the union of the dei @matic party. This movement may perhaps lead to an organization of the Assembiy on Monday. The investigation of the charge of slienage Drought against the Chief of Police was renewed yesterday before the Police Commissioners. We give on the first page a fal! report of the evidence taken. Our Vera Cruz orrespondent, writing on 22d ult., confirms the accounts already received as to the melancholy condition of Mexico. Disorgenization, wobberies, worders and popular discontent prevailed ali over the republic. The Comonfort cabinet gave Poleratie sat on: but it was thought that the Pre: would not hold the reins of power ‘Phe trne tiheral party was at work in fayor of Ge za} Almonte and his system of government—plan of United States—was likely to be tried. Ge Yanez, Comonfort’s war minister, was on his way from Sonora to the capital. Yanez, as well as the Majority of his official colleagues, is a moderate Mberal. The measure of Alvarez for doing away with the clergy and army exeniptions, was cansing much dissatisfaction wherever its enforcement was attempted. When the military were employed in posting the proclamation referring to it, in Puebla. they were attacked by the people and many killed omeither side. General Comonfort had ordered two thousand five huadred men to mareh on Puebla and “subdue” it, It was thought that Vera Crux would goon pronounce in favor of Robles. Geueral Uraga had refused a post in the new ministi Our Havana correspondent-, writing on 2th ult. state that the Captain (eneral had paid a sudden visit to San Antonio, where he found the anthorities all engaged in fighting covks, and witnessed some exvrious scenes before they vot into offi vial harness Havana was full of visiters, amengst whom was General Count de Yermoloi. Holiday sports had completely interrupted trade. An aitempt had been made to rob the cabin of the bark J. M. Morales, of New York, bnt the thief was arrested: Madame Rachel had 2 severe iliness aad harrassing ough, but her physicians thought she wonld soon recover. A graphic unt of the society to be met with, sighta to be D msto he encountered in Havana, are i of the munications, Another hatch of woe had been Janded, and another loi of po The Aimshous r @ President at a meeting helt last evening. Draper was elected to that position on the four ballot, the vote stan¢ —Draper cessary to achoive, 6. C. Guilrey con elected Secretary on the second ballot. enth ot the Kighieonth ward, fancy caused ivy the + iis understood that Joss. other a county ottice. ‘Theve is some talk of iss 4mandamns, compelling him to resign one po or the other, as a number of anxions pairiots are willing to fill them. The Governors have -hown a good example to the legislators at Albany and Washington. Will they follow it? According to the 1 report of the City In- mpector there were leaths in the city last week, namely, 56 men, 64 women, 149 boys and showing an increase of 29 on the mor week previo There were 8 deaths of cong of the lungs. 53 of consumption, 16 of inilammation of the lungs, 10 of congestion of the brain, 17 of @ropsy inthe head, * of inflammation 6f the brain, Sof disease of the heart, 2 of smallpox, 32 of con- vulsions (infantile), 15 croup, 1) of debility Gnfentile), 62 of scarlet fever, 6 of heoping eongh, 7 of ma rasmus (infantile), and 4 of teething. Of ‘the whole number 244 wore under ten years of age- There were leo 5 premature births, 36 cases of stillborn, and 5 deaths from violent caus The following is the classification of diseases :—Bones, joints, &e., 1; brain and uerves, 42; generative organs, 6; heart and blood vessele, 11; lungs, throat, &c., 107; skin, &c., aud eruptive fevers, 37; stillborn and premature birth«, 41; stomach, bowels, and other digestive organs, uncertain seat and general fevers, 26; urinary organs, 4; old age, 3; , 2. The nativity table gives 287 natives of the United States, 46 of eland, 16 of Germany and 4 of England. Dealers in cotton yesterday were waiting the re- ccipt of later foreign news, the delay in the receipt of which, together with the extreme inclemency of the weather, had « tendency to check sales, The stock, however, continued to be light, and prices to rule firm, while the soles were confined tw a few hundred bales. Flour was 640. lower for and medicm grades. 1,500 bis. common Michigs were soli at 85, cash, peyalle onthe day of delivery. Common to extra State ranged from # 15j a 88 974. Wheat was steady, and in foir demand withont ohange of moment in prices. Corn was firm, andin good export and Eastern demend. Pork was aguin lower, and rules of meas were pretty freely made at $16 26.0 $16 50. Deol and lard were dull. Ry wore steady, with moderate sales. Cotlee was qnict. ‘The news from lito onsidered to be rome less vorable for rek@ems than expected. Vreights porte wage mad fair extent, at steady rates. To Liverpo@ they wer sone easier, while to London they were quite firm, with more offering, To the continent thore was no chine we thy of no- toe. urs Report of the Seeretary of the Treamury. fo announcement of @ ‘Arplus in the Trea- sury, snd speculations fremm the Secretary on the prospect of inducing the holders of United States securities to part with their claims for a bonns, are now such an old story that the por- tion of Mr. Guthrie’s report which refers to them will not attract anything like the atten- tion commanded by similar announcements in its predecessors. It may be briefly stated, that after paying all the expenses by the fede- ral government, and redecming over nine mil- Vions of the public debt, the balance left in the Treasury at the close of the last fiscal year hardly feli short of nineteen millions of dol- jars, Mr. Guthrie prudently estimates that the balance in July next will fall ehert of sixteen millions, The leading feature of the report is, as usual, the recommendation in reference to the tariff, As, happily, there has ccased to be aay dif- ference of opinion among the active and thinking classes of this country oa this much vexed subject, itis to be expected that Mr. Guthrie’ssuggestions, which constitate a st) towards free trade, will meet with no gr opposition in Congress than the apathy of men- bers. They are substantially the same as those we have had oceasion to commend ia the two last annual reports of the presen! Sex Embodying a twofold reform, t piate in the firat place a simplification of the enstoms levy, by elassing all commodities ia three lists—a free list, alist payiag 25 or 30, and another 15 to 20 per cent: aad secondly, a transter of al! articles used in manafactures to the free list. The articles paying the highest rate of duty be proposes shall be “iron and its miaufsc- tures, steel and its mannfactares, sugar, wines and all fabries of which silk, wool, cotton, flax or hemp is a component part. nnfactured in whole or in part--except flaa- nels and cloths costing less thaa two dollars per yard, and blankets.” This is, in some re- spects, a cone! nm to the iron workers, whose complaints have long been a3 clamorous as they were illogical. Perhaps it may be politic, in order to ensure the thorough adoption of the correct principle of trade, to purchase their acquiescence in the present alteration. Ton years hence, as Mr. Guthrie very properly re- ma it will be necessary to find some other article to tax, as all the iron required for our consumption will be made here, and the cus- toms duty on the foreign article will prodnce norevenue. The wool and cotton spia may also congratulate themselves on an indi- rect sort of protection; though in their case, also, it isso little needed that Mc. Guthrie's r will probably be catled upoa to re- move taxes which will have ceased to be pro- ductive before his term ends. The second class—that which consists of ar- ticles admitted free—might have been extended with advantage. Mr. Guibrie used to be more liberal. As it is, however, it isa very good free list; and will do no small good to certain classes of manutacturers, such as the silk fac- tors, who have been unable to import raw eilk and make it up profitably, in consequence of the duty on the raw article. The duty on the third class may be, according to Mr. Guthrie, cither fifteen or twenty. Either ten or fifteen would have been better figures. Considering that it includes all the articles not comprised in the two other lists, a duty of fif- teen per cent will be too high in many cases; a duty of ten, perhaps, is sufficient in all. It is needless to commend the change from eight to three schedules. To the cumbrous machinery of the tariff of 1846, no small por- tion of the individual corruption ia the politi- eal world may be safely traced. Men are bought, votes are sold, souls are bartered away at every Presidential election that tukes place; and it may safely be sail that in nine cases out of ten the consideration of the corrupt bargain is a barter in the Were it not for the multipii- city of hands required to carry out the pro sions of the act of Is4 would be impos: for this buying and selling gimoty becat ie it wheroy ors, dle go O14 alone. t 1 proposed by Mr ¢ - : : a eve ‘ defrauded fess fre- but the re quently, and the Collectors less often embar- rassed by Jnweuits under a three schedule sy+ tem thon they are at present. Space might not usclessly be devoted to an explanation and reasoned approval of the views presented by Mr. Guthrie on the subject of the connexion between the tariff and the currency of this country. To the read- ers of the Ileratp, however, no such comment need be offered, from the simple reacon that they have already, on various oscasions in the course of the past twelve months, had the same views and the same theories laid before them In the editorial columns of this journal. That the conflict between the unsound currency sys- tems of the States, and the unsound protective tariff of the general government has operated to produce inextricable confusion, and to bury the commercial history of the United States in a perfect chaos of contradictions and ano- malics, is well known to every onc who is con- yersant with history. It is likewise clear that the ultimate root of the mischief was the aban- donment by Congress of the power to regulate the currency of the United States—a power as clearly delegated to the central authority, and taken from the States by the constitution, as that of regulating questions of peace or war. It the general government had resisted the first usurpation--if it had insisted on denying to the States the right of delegating to others the powers which they did not possess thomeelyca, there can be no doubt but the convulsions of 1819, 182 and 1837 would have been avoided, ond the trade of America would have heen fixed to-day on a basis of greater solidity than that of England. The mischief is done, however, and cannot be repaired. We cannot uncharter the two thousand existing banks, nor can we callin their two hundred millions of notes: nay more, we cannot provent their increasing an multi- plying both in numbers and capital. All that can be done isto hope that each State will per- ceive that its own interest, as well as the honor | and interest of the whole country, impose upon | it the paramount duty of mitigating as far a can be, the inherent evils of our present cur. renoy system, by sound and careful legisia- tT Tlarmony 1 -Three or four of our city managers publish a small nc wapaper, to circulate in their theatres, to advortive cach others performances. NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, JANUARY 6, 1856. Battle of New Orleans, On.Tuesday next we note the recurrence of the anniversary of the decisive victory of the American troops, under General Jackson, over the British forces, commanded by General Sir Edward Pakenham, near New Orleans, Janu- ary the cighth, eighteen hundred and fifteen. e’"memorable campaign in Louisiana which cloged the war, is generally familiar to our readers, but it seems eminently proper to re- capitulate its leading features, New Orleans was threatened carly in the autumn of eighteen hundred and fourteen, and ita situation was most critical, as it had scarcely any interior resources for its defence. The British fleet, having on board twelve thousand troops, many of them distingnished in such hard fought actions as the taking of Bajados and Salaman- ca, srrived on the twelfth of December, and some British barges succeeded in capturing the American flotilla, which was the only obstacle to the passage up the river to the city. Tne jew American troops under General Jackson bud possession of the city, which, being in a great part inhabited by foreigners, wavered. General Jackson proclaimed martial law on the twentieth. On the twonty-first the ad- vaperd guard of the British forcee~two thou- sand hght troops—gainced the left bank of the Mississippi, abont fifteem miles from New Or- teans. On the twenty-third, General Jackson attacked the enemy, but was not strong enough to force their position. The next day he took upa position behiod a deep trench running from the river to the swamp, aia point where the solid land was less thau a mile ia breadth. This position was strengibened by the cele- brated cotton bale rampart. On the twenty- eighth the enemy attacked Jackson’s position, but under a bot fire from our troops, aided by a raking fire from the war schooner Louisiana, he was forced to retire with considerable loss. The enemy continued to cannonade General Jackson's position until the opening of the new year, and then relinquished this mode of attack, General Jacksoa then sent General Morgan with a force to occupy the right bank of the river. Morgan had fifteen hundred men. and was stationed behind an intrenchment de- tended by several brass twelves and a batiery of twenty-fours, commanded by Commodore Patterson. On the eighth, the British force made a simultaneous attack upon both Ame- rican positions. Gen. Pakenham commanded the forces which menaced Jackson, aud satler- ed a terrible defeat, losing two hundred and ninety one killed, twelve hundred and fifty- five wounded, and four hundred and cighty- three missing, according to the British official report. Three generals were wounded, and General Pakenham was killed. On the right bank the British were more fortunate, but after the disaster on the left, they judged it would not be pradent to risk another attack, The English fell back to their original landing place, and presently re-embarked their force. General Jackson's entire loss was eight killed and thirteen wounded. So brilliant a campaign, carried through under so many dis- advantages, had great weight both at home and abroad, and redeemed many blunders com- mitted during the war. Peace was meanwhile proclaimed. It is not remarkable that the anniversary of this battle has been a sort of red letter day in our historical calendar, and that it should have been celebrated for forty years with more or less unction, and particularly observed by the democratic party, which kindly adopted it as their own victory. The democratic party never lost anything because they were too modest to assume it. This year the democratic party isin badway. Iteuffers from too much Pierce—that illustrious successor of Jackson having succeeded in alienating from his a4- ministration every section of the party, except a few gentlemen who are engaged in the col- lection of the revenue. The democrats have resolved to bogin all new on Tuesdey, taking the old prestiye of the battle of New Orleans for their stand point. The programme starts i ot the Nationa: Democratic ington, which is called for we vave Democratic State 1! on that day in Tennes- udians fowa, Kentacky and in all of which oodics Mr. Pierce will “aoniutoiy ve citer thrown overboard, or let «tone with severe contempt. In New York both sections of the democra- tic party will celebrate the day, the hards by an aristacratic dinner, as follows:—- CELEBRATION OF THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLUD OF NEW ORLEANS. The Young Men’s National Democratic Club will ocle- brate the apniversary Ohio, the baitle of New Orieans by a dinper, to be given at the Metropolitan Hotel, at 6 o'clock P.M., on that day. Tickets may be had on application tocither member of the Committee on Receprion or In- vitation, or to the undersigned Commitiee of Arrauge- ments:— C. Godfrey Gunther, John King, Chas. D. Mead, Henry H. Morauce, Wn. N, Melntire, Gow F, Alden. Hart, ELlJall WARN, Prewdent. Jons B, FOGARTY, ) cecretarien, Gone G. ByRox, ) And the softs, by s grand breakdown and general war donce among the savages of old Tammany, to which we have received the following invitation ;— FOUNDED IN 1789. { CIVIL AND RELIGIOUS LIBERTY, THE GLORY OF MAN,’ SOCIETY OF TAMMANY, OF COL MBIAN ORDER. Matany Hart, Jan. 1, 1 Sim—In accordance with their umvarying usage, tho brethren of the Tammany Society will assemble at the Great Wigwam, on Tuesday evening. January 8, to com- memorate the yictory of New Urleans—ihat sablime achievement of American arms which freed our territo rios from the last tread of a foreign invader. Founded contemporancously with the eceation of our national constitution, end ac.ively participant in ite honor and defence, it has Leen a sacred duty of our 8» clety to maintain ever fresh the glorious memories of the republic, ag sources from whence patriotic spirit and ro- publican vigor may be gathered by the generations to whore hands its cestinies are confided. At the present time, when there is @ disposition to re- pudiate the obligations whish -the constitution imposos, and to provoke invasicna of the rights of the States by frantic appeals to fanaticism and intolerance; when an iiliberal tpirit, which would check emigration and estab- Usb religious ‘testa, is not only publicly exhibited, but claimed as a title to distinction, we deem is proper* that thore who love the “more perfect union” of the eonsti- tution, and venerate the sovereignty of the States, as promulgated in the resolutions of '98 and the 1oth amendment, who adhere to the principles of the immortal declaration of Jefferson, and of the statute to secure re- ligious toleration, rhould unite for the sake of the Union andthe vindivetion of sound principles of govern- ment, In thie spirit we ask your attendance on the occ: indicated, believing that no duty can ever be to that of drawin, hood. clover the bonds of domoeratic Respectfully, Wm. D. Kennedy, DP. Delavan, Andre Froment, Jobn Cochrane. Jenn Kelly, Wilson Small, Treasurer, Geo, 8. Mesrerve, Charles Mills ‘thomas Dunlap, Rich’dD. Lotte Arel Freeman, s. C, Duryea R. B, Connolls J.B. Met erington, ber a to the Council. W. D. Kennedy, Fath | the Couneil. 1, B. SHEPARD, Grand Sachem. hovld yon be unablo to atiend, please udleoss auewer, as enrly a4 convenient, to Lorenzo B. Shepar| Now York, | The new American or Know Nothing p: | hos also adopted the anniversary of this battle | as ome of ite gala days, and there will bea } great time at the Academy of Music—music, dancing and specch-waking, by the Nationa} & National Holiday—Annivestary ef the | American Club of this city—to which we have received the following imvitation:— No. 9, Nassau comet APRICORN ROO OON O ONO OLS: The veterans of the last war with (reat Britain will have a national convention at Washington. It is said that their ultimate ob- ject isto obtain some pecuniary relief from Congrees. Of course the eighth of January is a high holiday with them. The day will be further celebrated by festivities all over the country, and among others we have received the following invitation to a grand svirée dan- sante at Springfield, Massachusetts :-- seveoses. DEMUCRATIC BALL, Poe Serixarmi, . ArH oF Jancany, 1853. Your te respectfully solicited to a Kal, of the Batile of New urloaas, in commemoration on the eveulng of the th of January, s5d0. COMMITIER OF ARRANGEMENTS, Hon. B.D. Beach, a, H Bann Denots Hubbard, 4. Ww. 'm. Jet Geo. H. Pomeroy, Brekine 3. Paihia, FM. Falansbee, Thayer, vm. Crossman, ©. 0. Plimpton, Col. 8. A. Cooley, Fenry Russell, Peter P Capt, D. Leavitt, ‘Thomas Yommey, R.M. *. Taylor, Keuben Nobie, 3: 5 Fone, bers donion, 2 Foe " eo. Ensworth, — E. ela, ver Newel, A.A. Dalton, Geo Sweatiaod, Chester Crafs, J. Shehan, ‘gon Orr, E. M. Boston, S. M. Dart, J. Peony. PINANCE COMME, Col, 8. Churchill, John Kimberly, Jobn Hanais, Samuel Smiih, “Wells F. Hodgelt, A ame! y 2 Fansiey Hall, N.C. FLOOR MANAGERS, . A. Upson, F. Kichwond, P. Chapin, ianson. W. W. 1. Barnes, a Rufus Mosher, Harry Bishop, Orv. “Ainsw Calvin Torrey, v. , Joshua Allen} Oria Uhapman, = $ 3 Tipatzlox, " Jameatoomla, M. J. Severunce, 3 #1, Hall, ‘A. Hanrahan, Geo. Mi. Bresras, byl. Vanborn, — Orria Lombard, Kod. C. Tatlie, Geo, 0. Lombard, BI. Johne H. 0, Edwars, Henry ¥ wller. Mostc ny Guxexpnn’s Brrixcrienn Qcapntin Baxo, Grosvenor & Bond's, Kirkbam’s, and others—% Piocea, W. . Weaver, Prompter. Trcknrs, including Carriages, $2 each, To be had of the Comuitice of Arranger arasfor Bosley ofthe wey Orders for Carriages w Hoiel, Exchange Hotel, W. HU. Wes George Wallace's, and by either of Arrangements, LLIN SELOEUDNO EOI OL OLE NERO DEE TOUT ereceecereroeese ne capa eorreese COMPLIMENTARY TICKET. DEMOCRATIC Eiourat or Janvany Batt. At the New Chy Hail, Springtick., 3 Anu J. ©, Brxxert anp Lantms. AU AO ATIC SLIDE EIEEOLE PILE DETTIDODEDSE ID TOSEDE LE DOS The Neptune Club also iacludes us among their guests :— Qeeeerneeesenne sees SAE LOTT TNE OUTTA IDEONE York, January 5, 1855. "¢ 8in—The pleasure of your company and Indy is re- speotfully eolieited to the annual “Shrewsbury Hop ’? 3 of the Neptune Club, at Niblo’s Saloon, Tuesday evening, ; By order ot the Club, ¢: THOS. FLENDER, Rocretary. To tae Fprtor or tie New York Hrisrn, Deere cnen anes enenee Nelanee sede ee IPCC eT tDeOt hee et tt te) We are happy to hear of all these celebra- tions of an event which is one of the most im- portant in the history of our country. Our people want more holidays, both for relaxation, and as a means to remind them of the glorious deeds of their ancestors, and to incite them to imitate their valor, their patriotism and their fortitude. When the country israled by a mis- erable set of small politicians—when Con- gress squabbles about abstractions—when the Executive bullies small powers and cowers be- fore an equal antagonist—it is well to remem- ber that things were not always thus, and to look back at the giants who formerly sat in the places now desecrated by our pigmies. The fourth of July, the twenty-second of Feb- ruary, the twenty-fifth of November, and the eighth of January, are glorious epochs in American history, the memory of which should be kept forever green in the heart of every true lover of his country. The Brivery or Tar ApMINIsTRATION— Democratic Trstmoxy.—The Richmond (Va.) Examiner, in discussing the President’s message, says :-— We confess we are surprised at the disclosures of the message in respect to the British recruiting operationa in this country. Wo are surprised that we heard nothing of British recruits being nosed out and put in jail, and Buitish officers being warnoa off or arres:ed, while it was all going on. There was no bluster and ferocious enerzy displayed while Britain was doing these things in our midst; but whon poor Nicaragua was charged with the like practices, forthwith great steamers were fired Into dy brave clippers, and unarmed passengers promptly ar- rested and put into the New York jails by tho score. We are sorry for these things. Weare provoked at the attitude in which the mosaage piaces our republic bedure the worli intheso matters, We aro humilis flection that at the very time we shouic bo dic enforcing an American policy tor the Am nent, we are backing ignomintonsly ont of all our former poritiona, and allowing ourselves to be bullied by 8 hectoring power that never falls to domincer over caw- ardice and purillanimity. We are “sorry for these things;” but as we have a promise of an carly war with Eagland and Denmark, we are disposed to give our bold and warlike Cabinet a little more time. The general suspicion it that Marcy will, as usual, insist on backing out, and that Marcy will prevail, Let us wait and cee. Ressia any THE Unrrep Star. ‘A Srrrovs Accvsarion.—The Richmond Whig, in a com- mentary upon certain extracts from other pa- Pers, including the New York Hrrawp, on the political institutions of France, Russia and tbe United States, repeats the following serious specification against Russia, from Monsieur Gaillardet:— As to Russia being the frlond of this conntry, M. Gafl- lar ot, the Paris sorrespondent of the New York Courrier aseerts, on what he alleges to be indubitable authority, that Russia ie the only European Dower that has ever suggested the idca of effaci e United States from the wap of the wogd. In 1815-16, the late Emperor Alexan- der formally pPepored to the Toly Aliiance that “they should combine and at once put an end to this govern ment, alleging for cause, that it was the groat hot bed of rebellion snd insubordination, and that order and kingly rote could know no peace while it existed. It is reason able to. preenme that the same sentiments, whatever professions may be made, still pervade the dospol’s scm, Now, our impression has been, and continues to be, that Russia has always been favorably disposed towards the United States, on the ground that they are destined to becomo a per- manent check against the maritime designs and supremacy of England and France. We hope that Monsieur Gaillardct, at his earliost convenience, will furnish us with more satis- factory proof of his charge against the late Emperor Alexander. Give us the proof. Governor Snaxnoy Won’r Do.=-Gen. String- fellow, the loader of the pro-slavery party of Konsas, enys in his paper, that “ the aboli- tionists (of Kansas) have core the Yankee over us this time—the Governor has betrayed us. He has betrayed himself, the South and the whole of the pro-slavery party. We had them just where we wanted them, and he spoiled all, Next time we must plan for our- | setvon” What fs to be dons, thon? Some ay that Shannon will resign; but why resign, when he is only following the exampie of the Cabinet at Washington, in making groat pro mises and performi othing. Ilehas backed out. But what of it? Mas not Mr. Pierce—has ' not Marcy done the vome thing over and over gain? New Postat ARRANGEMENTS.—Heresfter all letters sent by mail must be prepaid by stamps, or they will not be forwarded. No money will be received for postage on let- ters that are distributed through the country, but the regulations respecting foreign letters, letters to officers of government, membera of Congress, and othera who are entitled to re- ceive them free, will remain as they are now. The condensed instructions on the subject amount to this. Money will be received in payment of postage for letters going toforeiga countries, for the registration fee on letters that are registered, and for the postage on printed matter. The mail matter absolutely required to be prepaid in stamps consists of the letters golng through the mails within the country. Letters to postmasters who are en- titled to the franking privilege—those whose commissions amount to less than $200 year— to members of Congress, and ofticers of gov- ernment—the latter to be marked “official business”—can go without prepayment. Let- ters to foreign countries must in some cases be prepaid, and in others itis optional, the regala- tion being according to treaty with the differ- ent nations. With some of the leading Euro: pean countries we have no postal treaty what- ever. In some cases this is no inconvenience, and in others, particnlarly France and Spain, this ia a great desideratum. The British gov- ernment insists on charging such a high rate of transit postage on matier going between the United States and Continental Europe, that now isa favorable time for all parties inter- ested to make an equitable arrangement. Be- tween England and France letter postage has lately been reduced from twenty cents (ten pence sterling, and a franc respectively) to eight cents, The mere transit price for letters to and from this country and Continental Eu- rope is twenty-four cents to Great Britain alone, just for letters passing between Liver- pool and Dover, while a letter goes between New York and Bremen for ten cents, aud fifteen cents to any part of Germany. When our postal matters come up for discussion, as they will during this session of Congress, the subject of ocean postage must receive attention. Our mail transportation between this country and Great Britain is punctual and rapid, but more frequent service is needed. We have shown what American enterprise can do. We have the swiftest steamers, and make the shortest passages of any vessels ever launched; bat we need more frequent service. Had the Collins line of steamers never been started we should now be at the mercy of the British govern- ment for our ocean mails between New York and Boston and Liverpool. If con- tractors ever earned their money, they are BE. K. Collins & Co. If postage were one-half the rate that it now is between this country and Great Britain, and we had two steamers a week regularly to Liverpool, correspondence would be quadca- pled. Letters from emigrants here to tacir friends in the Old World would go far oftaner; amore thorough republican spirit would be infused into the down-trodden maases in the old despotiams of Europe, and as a necessary consequence emigration would be far more rapid, and our hidden mines, our vast forests and unploughed prairies would yield their trea- sures to the labors of man. The most liberal postal arrangements that can be devised will preduce a better national return than almosi any investment that can be made. It must be conceded that since Mr. Rowland Hill's fa- mous postal improvements were introduced, the British government has looked on the Post Office as a necessary institution, in 9 commer- cial and social state, and of far more conse- quence, when considered in that light, than as @ means of revenue. In the report on postal affairs in 1839, the Commissioners of the English Post Q@ice use these words:—‘'The fa- cility of freqdént, punctual and quick commu- nication, which the institution of the Post Office was calculated to secure, may be justly classed among the elements of profitable com- merce. It is essential to the purposes of go- + vernment, and subservicnt to all the ends of national policy.” Let our own legislators aud administrators look on the Post Office in this light, and we may have a postal system worthy of the country, the age in which we live, and in keep- ing with the progressive spirit of our repul- lican institutions, It strikes us most forcibly that ut this time, as Congress has jast assembled for along session, there would be far more reason in the people consulting together, con- sidering what they desire, und in framing in- structions for their members of Congress, than in merely finding fault and heaping abuse on the Department or the Postmaster Ceneral. Judge Campbell undoubtedly wishes to meet all the reasonable wants of the people. If the postal Jaw is not as good as it might be, it is not his business to frame another. Fe is the administrator of the law as it standa, and the power to make uew or amend old ones rests solely with Congress. The people depend too much on the head of the Department, who, in our political system, ig a man called from the masses to take charge of the postal business for acertain period. Purchase postage stamps, prepay everything you mail, and if the laws are not satisfactory, ask the members of Con- gress to overhaul them. Trn Governor or Atanama ox Corrox— Finina vr ror Disvyrox—Governor Winston, of Alabama (ultra Southern rights Democrat), in his inaugural message, thus holds forth on cotton, slavery, abolitionisin and secession :—~ The South, with that regalator of commerce and lever of politieal’ power—cotton--ean control questions of peace and war, and maintain all our political rights whenever we convince the world that we are in carnest, ard are resolved to do so, In truth, cotton fs the groa eivilizer, the great pacifieator: and’ tn being so, proves that slave labor, of which it {s but the result, is a great viesaing to mankind, Alould Northern fonaticiam and bigetry drive us to na extremity—-that {s, ent of the Unten—cvery commercial power would endeavor to be the first to court our friendship, and to ask commorcial reciprecity, The danger to onr section ef the country is only in the fears of those who have not the norve to uot or to prepare for an inevitable political nocessi'y, An “inovitable political necessity.” What's that? Dieunion! The Governor forgets the “cohesive power of the public plunder,” in- creased ax {t has been under our present ad- ministration to a regular peace ostimate of feventy-five millions a year. Will not this hold the democratic politicians, North and Sonth, fre-eaters and all, together? It will! itwill! We breathe avaiu, Let the Governor pase. ‘ Aspayy Ditro.—The n the Houeo of Representatives at Washington, upon the Speakership, is fechly ated by our As. sembly at Albany, with this cssontial difference, that while thore is but one de- atic party at Washington, thore are Albany. Why docs not the Ki am semd bp & oyeglAl Wang two softs at Albany, to tell them in plain Englials that if they can’t stand upon the hard Nebtas- ka platform, they will not be wanted at Cine cinnati? If that does not fetch them, they are good once more for Buffalo. Tur ADMINISTRATION AND THE SeNATSPRINT+ 1vG.—Ruled out of the House, the Union editort at Washington were lately sent up by the Presi- dent as his candidates for printers to that body.. After a number of caucuses the experiment. was abandoned, and now the question ie virtu- ally decided sgainst the President and his or- gan by the Senate, in several recent resolu- tions giving some of their fattest joba to that anti-administration anti-Forncy organ, the Sen- tinel, A thing or two of this kind will be very” apt to enlighten our benighted Executive con- cerning his prospects for the Cincinnati Con- vention. What a lucky man was Captain Joha Tyler! GovernoR GarpneR’s Posrrioy.—Governor Gardner, of Massachusetts, regular K.N., im his annual message denounces in good set terms the infamous cburacter of the bill passed over his head by the infamous Hiss Legislature—that bill whieh substantially declares obedience to the federal constitution in the matter of the re- capture of fugitive slaves, a felony and treason to the State. This shows that Governor Gard+ ner and the regular Know Nothings of Massa- chusetis intend to keep aloof henceforth front Mr. Banks and the black republican coalition. Hope they will. THE LA®T£ST NEWS. BY ELECTRIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, Non-Arrival of the Canada, Haurax, Jan. 5—1 P. M. ‘The steamship Canada still hangs off, although now fourteen days out. The werther is clear and cold, with a light northwest wind. Thermometor this morning nine degrees above zero, Interesting from Albany. THY CONTEST FOR THES SPEAKERSHIP-~MATTUBS TY TRAIN FOR A UNION OF THE DEMOCRACY—IMPOR~ TANT CORRESPONDENCE. Arnaxy, Jan. 5, 1856, Tho contest for Speaker is not yot over. it will oport in earnest on Monday, and may result in the organization of the House. The following correspondence has just taken place ow the subject:— Ciry Hore:, Arnayy, Jan. 5, 1860. Hon. Bexsamty Batty: — 1 nar SR—In consideration of doubts exist’ in the- minds of some of the members «f the present House of Assembly, concernteg your views in relation to the prac- tieabilicy and propriety of a reuuicn of the two divisions of the Uemocratic party, we, tho undersigned, respect~ fully solicit on eariy reply to the following question:— “Ale you im tavor of, and can you consistently labor ta premote @ reunion of the democratic party on national principles ?’? Very respectfully yours, J.B. CLARK, THOS. 3. GRAY. Concruss Hatt, Arnany, Jan. 5, 1856. Tion. 1, B. (i ang and LHos. 8. GRay:— Gramines—Your letter of the present date hay thid moment been received contaming the following inter- Togatory:— arog in favor of, and can you eomslatently labor & reunion of the democratic party cn nations} to piemote, principle: ?} Feeling grateful to you, gentlemen, for the opportunity to express iny eentiments on this subject, which 13 the first that has been affurded me (without a violation of parliamentary rules) sinco I have occupied the position of a candidate for Speaker of the present Assew)ly, and as your vommunication isconciliatory and gsntlemanly in its tone, and as I well know emanates irom a soure> entitled to respect ) I unhositatingly answer tha‘— Lam in favor of @ reumon of the democratic party om national principles and will, whether elected Speaker of the present Assembly or otherwise, labor, so far aa I cam consistently, to const(mmate such reunion. Yours very zespectfully, BENJ. BAILY. Mr. Ciark is from Jefferson, and Mr. Gray from Warren. Both have heretofore voted against Mr. Baily, It is: thought here that this may have considerable infiuence- on Monday, and before sundown on that dey piace Ms. Bailey in the chair, A snow storm is just setting in here. Destructive Fire at Wilbraham, Mass, Bosrox, Jan. 6, 1856 A fire in Wilbraham, yesterday, destroyed the lirge boarding houte attached to the Wesleyan Academy, Two hundred boardés occupied the building. Miss St. John, of Connecticut, was badly injared by # trunk thrown from a window faliing upon her, The total loss la es‘i- mated at $25,000, It is snowing here this morning, and the weather 's very cold. At Bangor and Calais, this morning, the thor- mometer was ten degrees below zero, Pire at Bellows Falis, Vt. Britows Farts, Vt., Jan. 5, 1850. Afire broke out last evening ina bullding owmed by Charles Chase and occupiod by Messrs. Coolidge & Lora, pail manufacturers, which was entirely eonsune?, The loss on stock, machinery, &¢., {s about $0,000. Lasurod for $1,000. The building was also insured in (he Bellows Valls Iteurance effice, Henry Ward Beecher and the Patladelphiane, . Pmiapriema, Jan, 5, 1856 A linge audience assembled In this city, last night, to- hear a secture from Ror. H. Ward Boechor, tit they wera pointed by his non-arrival, No satisfactoxy expla- nation was given for the lecturer’s absenca, ani the dience became greaty inconsed; and although # nub: tute was offered, they demanded back their money and dispersed, It was announced that the engagement for the lecture was made a month ago, but that threo let era sinee to Mr. Beecher had remained unansweret. cS IR RE Sea Death of a Charleston Merchant. Citancuston, Jan, 4, 1855. ° Robert Witherspoon, an old and extensive eo(ton factor of this city, died here to-day of apoplexy. _———— Marine Disaster. Bostoy, Jan. , 1854. dbo bark Oeetdent, from Buenos oa fir Vortlan, fe. Zot ashore yosterday moi Parker’ au Kennebec river, ahd 3 Dow fall of water. ee eet Markets. Te aoe STOCK BOARD. PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 5, 1955, Stocks dull. Pennsylvania State 5's,’ 8234: heading, $036; Long Island, 1336; Morris. Canal, 12745 Vennayiva: New Or.xans, Jas betes ba pre ee balos, at ing. uli; sales of at 7c. Whiskey; dMen*and tary. 30s ales 3, 185i 8g Reet New Ortnans, Jan. 4, 1860. The rales of cotton to day havo boo very large, amounting to 18,000 bales. e sales of the week add ap- 48,000 bales. The receipts of the week haye been “65,000 bales, against 27,000 last year. Stock on hand, 350,000 bales, ‘The total receipts up to the present date are 340,000 bales more than they were last year at this tine. We quote middling at 0. The salox of the week havo » been 1,600 bags. Block on hand, 53,000 bagy, Stor- . TAS per comt promium, eC 0 Liverpool i x t Pr ims Freights—Cotton. —_—_—_—_—_————— The Whale Fisheries of New Engiand—New London and its Wealth. Tew persons ato aware of the vast amount of property and enterprise engaged in the whale fisheries by the citi zens of New London, New Bedfordgnd Nantucke!, Those three towns, ns ft were, monopolize the chief part of the whaling businoss of the United States, New Telferd rends over a hundred vessels annually to the coasts of Greenlah’, Labrador and the Pacific Ocean, in searchof the ely monster of the deep. The amount oy capital invested, nnd the proceads of the whalemen’s ar- duons labors, is indeel surprising. The imports of New Pedford in sperm snd whale ofl’and bone amon! to owe a milion dollars yearly, In former years the Lusinews: wax moro flourishing than itis at present, 1 was successful, and the net proeeeds of @ ah amounted to more than a trip of double the distin usually taken, Whales, {i upposed, are very shy now” compared ( used 40 be kn ytare pat, and are net 0 ace bors either, The yrooeed: of voyage : way = Tho o veorel get hail « coptain a twelfth ot percents OF thts they lnve to pay the grévier part, if h hem in propating theiv outue ne from a rovage with money tm hie pocket. tasted Whe A dv iy vibeMd du ue) Mua SeUbUred ates @ Mhegling s al