The New York Herald Newspaper, November 13, 1855, Page 2

2 NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1855. MME LATEST CHAPTER OF MENICAN HISTORY. | VOTES OF THE ‘REVOLUTIONARY CHIZFS. Speeches and Preciamations of ilvarea and of eomontort. Conflict between tue Military and Political Commandants of the District of Mexico, The San Luis Programine Abandoned and Its Author Co-Operating with Alvares, Vidaurti and the Scheme cf the Sierra Madre Republic. INVASION OF MEXICO BY TEXAS NGERS. ‘VICTORY OVER INDIANS AND MEXICANS, Important events have been of late se rapidly branspiring in Mexico, the scenes have been shifting | with such pantomimic celerity, that itis by no | means an easy matter to know what is going on at | one moment, to guess what is likely to go at the next, or to foresee the dénouement of the whole. Within the last three months Mexico has changed the heads of its government, nominally, either four or five times, and had besides one or two inter- regnums, during the continuance of which there was no recognized head. We say nomsiually, for practically the larger portion of the Mexican terri- tory has been for over a year past under the sway of the revolutionary chiefs, Alvarez, Comonfort, and the other distinguished men who have taken pro. minent parts in thet movement. It will, there- fore, be interesting and instructive to give a résume of the events which have taken place in that dis- tracted land since his Serene Highuess, Santa Anna, abdicated his dictatorship at the village of Perote, on the 12th of August, 1855, and le‘: his country for his country’s good. In pursuance of the manifesto of abdication, signed by the fugitive President, the executive power of the country was deposited in the hands of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice, and of the Gene- rals of division, Mariano Salas and Martin Carrera; aud by a subsequent ballot had in the czpital, the last named officer was electe] President ad mierim—the garrison having previously de- elared in favor of the revolutionary plat- form, ksown as the plan of Ayatle, with certain modifications. But this transfer of power from the hands of Santa Anna into those of his friend and supporter, Carrera, was very naturally objectionable to the leaders of the revolution, who saw in it only a scheme to bluff them off. They ac- cordingly declined to recognize the legitimacy of Carrera’s tenure of power. They alleged that his election was not in conformity with the second arti- ele of the plan of Ayutla, which declared that when it had been adopted by a majority of the nation, the General-in-Chief of the forces supporting it, should convoke a representation from each State and Terri- tory, so that when assembled in some place which he might deem suitable, they might clect a President ad interim of the republic and assist him as a Council during the limited period of his office. Carrera, however, continued to hold his post, and im conformity with the 5th section of the same plan, he invited the leaders of the revolutionary move- ment to assemble in the town of Dolores, on the 16th of September, for the purpose of establishing a new constitution, and a permanent form of government. But as they did not recognize his authority to con- voke them, they did not obey the summons. Gen. Comonfort, in reply to the invitation, wrote a com- munication to Carrera, from which we make the fol. lowing extracts :— Even at Mexico, through identical motives, another Yanner js raised, the plan is breken through, bis Excel Jency, Mr. Cariera, convokes, in the village of Dolores, the chiefs of tne liberty forces, and it is pretended th», ‘these chiets shall nomiuaie the President of the Repub! », and sball intervene, though in an mdirect mode, in the convocation of the legislative corps. In these plans there is no regard of persons ; and aithongh 1 consicer those who figure in them as vory respe and as very com- petent to promote zealously, tisinterestedly and patrioti eally, the good of the repal it does nos belong either to them, or to ime, or to any soldier, to choose fo: the ma- thon its chief maglstrate, Vhat right belonga to the tion itself, convoked and asseral of the plan ot Ayutl west just and tost gainoa aiter two years o tte rights trodden under i now sall come to be re- enacted the farces to which the despotism that has m the route of Santa Aaa owed its origin’ The wishes to have a pledge of its future tranquillity ; thi« pledge does not consist in promises, which are so much air contained in proclamations, but’ it consists in is constitution, and in the persons who shall {ate-vene in an act of so much imy On what can it have more reliance than on itself to procure this pledge of a peace durable and indestructiviey * * ” thout doubt. v will Mexic: inary strife, in de . * These reasons influence me not to depart from the tin ‘of policy established by the plan of Ayutls. Neverth Jess, if the nation shall manifest hereatter. and in au un- mistakable manuer, its raummes whieh are in name ont, should be the first to should be obliged, i my repose, and ev Hacallencs, General Alvaver nds ms not en, 1 shal diately yield in obedience to his superior orders. It does not appear that Alvarez ever took any of- ficial notice whatever of this convocation of Dolores, or of the head of the government from whom it ema- nated. He and the other chiefs of the revolation treated the government of Carrera as an unlawfal veurpation, and absolutely refused to recognize it any shape, but pursued their operations in appai utter disregard of its very existence. Repudiated thus by thore in whose hands it was evident the destinies of the country reposed, Cur » after a short month of disheartening experience, resigned the temporary Presidency on the 12th of September. In his manifesto announcing his resignation he says: * * ® As it was necessary for the realiza- tion of an object so important—of the only object, so tv speak, which influenced me—that I should have the con- sent and co-operation of the chiefs of the revolutionary foroes, | invited them to meet at Dolores, expressing my willingness te conform to their pleasure, aud with sv much caudor of purpose, thar in the very words of my invitation | «aid that “they ight not in auy way take wy individuality ixto account.” Ihave never been am- witious. | knew my incapactty, and I had weighed the circumstances. But I was animated by a pare intention that, namely, of re-uniting the elements of the socisty which were dispersed violen'ly, aad of warding off the evila resulting from a change, ta which a maltitude thought they had wrongs to avenge. | was at the same ti ted by a firm resolution, which wou! i have been carried if Thad not met so much coliness among some, tive resistance awong many others. La yeceived my idea, and recognizes the government eats lished at Mexico. Others did soonly by half, compti- cating affairs, and at length the chiefs of the early revo: lutionary forces refused my invitation, eeives to the decision of His Excellency, ver. I had already, as 1 should have done, applied to that chief by notes, and by commissioners of whom he could entertain no suspicion. After the lapse of such a length of time, I have as yet had uo official response, ant the manifest ili will contained in private letvers waich he has addresved to me and addressed wo others, forces me ty believe that he will not support the combination which proposed to him, and which I « lee proper for the sake of the revolution iteelf, if, us J desire, it would peo duce salutary and durable fruits, fm ihe meantine th necessities of my givernment we-e increasing, and th means of supporting it hw! been exhausted. Evecy one comprehenda more or less that pabtic administration can net be sustaine! a single day without resources, The peat government, as you are ali aware, left an empty treasury. My porition, itelf transitory, was «titi more precarious, because on one sive aa opposition which Lain not afraid to pronounce systema'ic, was made ty me, and Because on the otner side, no yorsom, on account of my exceptional position, could aid me with pecuniary re- rourced. It remained to me ofly to seek funds by means of onerous contracts, bat | have been always resolved mot tw involve myself in tha God geantt succeed me may have the » the bottomlens abyss which « the feat of hin who makes at step in that tion, ry * * 2 ‘ That whige f have not dove, which might ed ill it might de owe wh» may avoid at jonst 0 [have slacerely wen myseif entirely o revulution as respe sts ijects, and entirely t) (co nation as reapecte ite in- . But, pone and 40. wu id perceive and. fa! to my promise to reti ‘ Abt to be the eage, Lnow lay dowa sll co sonal rights will-be res tofear, and thet I will spare no effort do favor of your tranquillity apd-of your well being. not very proper. sion ensued; Vega resigned his command and ap- General Carrera in retiring from the Presidency cid not, i seems, deem that he had power to trans- fer that office to another, but he confided the main- tenance’of public order and tranqaillity to the hands of General Romulo Diaz de la Vega, Governor of the district. ‘The nomination seemed to have given general satisfaction. De la Vega immediately sum- moned the officers of the garrison to a conference, in which! he informed them of the retirement of Carrera, and of the consequent cessation of his (de la Vega’s) functions as General-in-Chief—he only holding that post under the provisional government —and requiring them to elect another in his stead. A viva voce election then and ‘there took place; and General de la Vega was again chosen by acclamation General-in-Chief of the garrison of the capital. In agsoming the military commas of the district, de Ja Vegaissued the following PROCLAMATION. ‘The citizen Romulo Diaz de la Vega, General of Division and General-in-chief of the forces ot the district of Mexico, to his feilow.citizens:— His Excellency General Martin Carrera having »- nounesd the Presidency of the republic, and thus given & uew proot of aisinterestedness and.patriotism, | fiad my- self—atter hoving had the honor .of being proslaimed by the people of the garrison chief of the movement of the 1th of Acgust, with the duty of preserving cing the rights of property until the chiefs of the revoln- favor of the plan of Ayutln—chargod publ: order, an gaarantes- tion come to créate a government and to put an end to the headless condition in which the mation is now found. To fulfil this sacred duty I reckon upon the co-opera- tion of the Joyal troops which garrisen this capital and who are disposed to obey the nationaLwill, in never beiug onverted.into an instrument of anarchy. also reckon upon the wisdom and the morality-ef the people, who Save given in there critical moments so many proofs of patriotivm apd love of order. Fellow ertieeus, as a soldier of the republic I will full the duty which Circumstances impose upon me; and ali any efforts;will tend to wai liver up the eapital, tranquil and intact, to the chiefs of the revolution, who are to-day the only hope ot the country. rd of new disasters and to de- Tagirm to zoe that your hberty is assured—that per- cted—thet property has nothing To attain this patriotic object, to guard.egainst {vesh obstacles to the revolution, and to faciHtate the work of regeneration, whioh the country expects, I-vackon upon your co-operation. Your fellow citwen. ROMULA DIAZ DE LA VEGA, The governorship of the district was conferred by the General:in-Chief on General Jose V. Minon, but these two officers did not long continue to act in concert. On the 25th of September two communi- cations from General Alvarez arrived by extraor- dinary courier formation and the armament of the National Guard, the other prescribed the arrest of the old minis- ters of Santa Anna and other persons therein men- tioned. to Gen. Minon, who transmitted them to Gen. Vega, and came to demand the accomplishment thereof so far as related to the armament of the National Guard, Alvarez having ordered that the arms for the purpose should be given up by Gen. Vega. The latter took umbrage ot the manner employed by Alvarez in communicating his instructions, as he thought they shoald have been addreseed to himself directly, and not through the intermediary of the Governor, whom he had himself appointed and whom he regarded as his subaltern. at Mexico. One ordered the ‘These two communications were addressed But besides objecting to the form of the command, he algo objected to the command itself. He inform- ed Gen. Minon that the government was busily occu. pied in regard to the organization of the National Gnard, being provided for by the organic statute of the district, aud that that civic institution would be established as soon aa the statute should be pro- mulgated. And as regarded the erder of arrests, which directed that all the persons arrested should he sent to the town of Cuernavaca, fifty miles dis- tant, where Alvarez had his headquarters, Gen. Vega expressed the opinion) that that measure was Minon insisted; a warm discus- pointed Gen. Jarero his successor. On the 23th of September he announced this determination to Al- varez. In this communication he seid:— As Thave been, and as Tam, in concert with the per- sons who form my council, convinced that this measure (the organization and arming of the National Guara) should be subsequent to the publication of the provisory statute which ¥elongs to me to decree conformubly to the fourth article ot the plan of Ayatla; and as on an- other side, the direct intervention of a subaltern offjcor, as is the Governor of the district, appeared to me incom: patible with the dignity of the position which I oceapy, and of my own character, extremely susceptible as to everything which could in any way affost mine honor in diminishing the good opinion whish I merit from my fel- low citizens, I feel myself compelled to inform your Ex- cellency that itis no longer possinle for me to vontinue in the political and military command of this distif:!, aud that in consequence 1 now, from this date, deposit the command in the hands of the Gesecal of Division, Jose Masta Jarero, and not in tnose of my eyuncil, be cause the members of it have jast resigned their fin. tions, If your Fxculleney deems fit, be aay eoun sai. cate bis advices to Gen, Jarero. General Jarero without loss of time appointed a new council, consisting of Don Jose Maria Cortez Esparza, Don Miguel Buenrostro, Don Jose Maria Castello Velasco, Don Manuel Romero, and Senor Manuel Morales Puente. General Minon, however, not retiring before the resistance offered by General Vega, outstripped the orders of Alvarez, and published under the date of 20th September, a proclamation in six articles, o:« daining the establishment of the National Guard, opening books for enrolment, and naming eighteen commissioners charged with the duty of receiving the names of enrolled citizens. Minon also ordered the arvest of the persons designated by Alvarez, but. Senor Olazagarre, formerly Santa Auna’s minister of finance, was the only minister whose arrest was effected. Senor Larez, Minister of Justice, in com- pany with other conservatives, was concealed in the house of a canon of Guadalupe. A police force, un- der the command of a lawyer, was sent tor arrest him. This party had no written warrant. Whea they came to the door of the canon, they wished to enter in spite of all resistance. He caused the alarm Lell tobe rung, and the guardians of the church believing it was an attack of robbers, fired npon the police, who ran away. The soldiers, mingling in the affair, pursued the fugitives, arrest- ed them in spite of all their protestations, placed them under a strong escort and retained them as prisoners. In the meantime, Larez and his compan- ions had plenty of time to gain the fields and get a place of concealment, . This unskilful attempt prodaced a very bad effect. One journal, the Patria, blamed the order of arrest, which, it said, could only emanate from the head of the nation, who had not yet been named, and from the Constituent Congress, which had not yet been even convoked. A committee of the corporation had vainly en- deavored to put an end to the conflict between the two authorities, The garrison, alarmed by the re- signation of General Vega, held a meeting, through its officers, and signed a declaration addressed to the retired Commander-in-Chief. In this they al- jeged that the plan of Ayutla, according to which he had been eppointed, did not allow him to re- sign his command or even to delegate it, and they begged of him not to force them to repudiate his successor. The povition of affaira became me- nacing; it was evident that the garrison would not submit to the command of General Jarero. Ii Gene- ral Vega persisted in his determination, grave events might occur at any moment. On the other hand, a unity of action between Messrs. Vega and Minoan was no longer possible. In these circumstances, after renewed measures on the part of the corporation, General Vega consented to resume the command in- chief, dismissing from the governorship of the dis trict General Minon, He addressed to the latter the following commanication:— Although I yesterday commanicsted to yy had hanced over the command of the district Maria Jarero, yet the people of Mexico, represwatet y the corporation, and the whole garrison of this ca 9i- tal, beve Jed we to consider that, conformibly to the plan of Ayntla, which i have adopted without any mo- difieation, | was not at liberty th resiga this command, or to delegate it to any one sv long as the rev should not be completely consummated by the Pre: cv! interom of the repudlic being chosen by the repre tavives named for that parpose in the decree of the instant, issued by iis celleney General Jaan Alvarer ut Iguala. 4 1am, therefore, gnided by convistion, by necessity, and by gratitude toward the peeple and the garrison, who believe they see in me the guarantee of the revoln tion itself, of order, and of public tranquillity; and al- thovgh in ding se Tam saerificiog my repose and my pers pal tranquillity, 1 resume from this present the command of General-in-Ontef of the district, with all the powers emanating from the plan of Ayatls, constantly invoked by us wbo have accepted, with good faith and sincerity, the present ai nation. communicate 1! tw you, notify ou that in re- suming the command, I have at the, mz time resolved to transact by myseli the affairs of the government of the district. As you are, therefore, relieved of this charge, you will immediately over yoar ollice to Mc. Juao Gareie Brito, who has been appointed Secretary. General Vega also addressed a communication to General Alvarez, in which he informed him of the resumption of his functions. The Government Coun- cil did not withdvaw their resignation. General Minon, on the receipt of the above com- munication, declared his disregard of the order, on account of General Vega’s having no power to make it, as from the moment in which he had renonuced the command-in-chief, he had divested himself of the powers confided to him by the people and garri- son of Mexico, and these powers are not such as can be abandoned and resumed at pleasure. After thia protest General Minon set out for Quernavaca to tind General Alvarez. General Alvarez having learned what had taken place in the capital, despatched fresh orders, con- ferring upon General Minon not me ely the political governorship, but also the military governorship of the district, prescribing the immediate organization and arming of the National Guard; charging Gen. Jarero to assist General Minon in his commandancy, and enjoining General Vega to report himself immediately at the headquarters at Cuernavaca. The officers of the garrison declared against the execution of these measures, and it appeared probable they would remain a dead letter. The result finally was that General Vega delivered up the military command of the district, not to General Minon, who had been first named, but to General José M. Garcia Conde, who was at the same time charged with the political government. Ge- neral Conde was immediately recognized in his double capacity and issued three proclamations to the Mexicans, to his companions in arms, and to his fellow citizens. While these events Were transpiring in the capi- tal, the revolutionary chiefs were actively engaged in bringing the movement te a completely success- ful issue. This was no easy task. A contrariety of sentiment prevailed among them. New plans or new modifications of the plan of Ayutla were set np. General Vidaurri, in Monterey, demanded the ex- tinction of the army which the plan of Ayutla pro- mised to conserve; and he prepared to march the forces under his command against General Haro y Tamariz, who had proclaimed a plan of his own, based upon the support of the clergy and of the army, the two great lovers of despotism. Besides, the town and fortress of Matamoros, on the Rio Grande, was still occupied by the Santa Anna troops to the number of 1,800, under the command of General Woll; and Tampico, Queretaro and several other places throughout the republic had also to be brought to submit to the new order of thing. General Woll subsequently abandoned his command and made good his escape to the American side of the Rio Grande, the garrison having pronounced for the plan of Ayutla; afterwards it adopted and ampli- fied the plan of General Vidaurri. Besides these complications, another and more serious one arose in the shape of an incursion of Texas rangers under the command of Captains Callaghan and Henry; it was at first reported that their aid was solicited by Vidaurri in carrying out his political scheme of the Sierra Madre republic, but he indignantly denied it, and wrote to Alvarez to say that instead of carrying out his hostile designs against Haro y Tamariz he would march against and chastise the American in- vader. Jn the meantime a convocation of the revolu- tionary chiefs was convened at the village of Cuer- navaca, the headquarters of Alvarez, for the pur- pose of electing an ad interim President. The election took place on the 4th of October. The principal candidates were General Alvarez, General Comonfort, General Ocampo, and General Vidaurri. It was reported that previous to the election, there had been a sort of caucus held, at which it was agreed that if the choice fell upon Comonfort, and if the army should be satisfied with him, he would be recognized; but otherwise, or in case any other person were chosen, they would repudiate all that was done, appoint Haro y Tamariz first chief, and de la Vega Generalissimo, and with their conjoined forces, impose the law upon the nation. The Moni tor gave currency to this rumor, which, to be true, would presuppose a feeling of hostility between Alvarez and Comonfort, an hypothesis which could not be entertained. The National Union, speculat- ing on the result of the election, said: It is a sure thing that the choice will fail upon General Alvarez or eral Comontort. It is said tat tl mer has openly deciared in his private conversations with his friends, that although he has no ambition, and although the heavy cing! of the Presidency does not suit either his age or his health, he desires to exercise the suprem: magistracy for one or two months, s0 as to impress upon the fotnre policy of the country the energetic and de cided character whish becomes the revelution, and that then be will resign power iuto the hands of another per son, who will probably be Mr. Comonfort. On this ac- count we believe that the majority of representatives will give their votes to General Alvarez. The Trait de Union gives the following account of the election:—At half-past twelve, on Thursday, the 4th of October, the representatives to the number of twenty-three assembled in the theatre of Cuerna- vaca, the crowd being very great. Gen. Alvarez wear ing a black dress, with the decorations which he re- ceived during the war of independence, pronounced the following speech:. ALVAREZ 5 SFEKCH TO THE REPRESENTATIVES. ‘The principe! promise of the plan of Ayutla is fulfilled; you are assembled together to elect the President a7 in- forum of the republic. This august act, which is to be of immense importance to the future destiny of the country, eught of itself to be the ouject of your wuole atteatio: and I hope that the patriotism, the probity, and the othe. quahties woich should form the character of tne first magistrate of a free people, will be sought for by you when you will honer with your suffrage the eitizen whom you sbatl deem worthy of presiding over the destinies of the Mexican people. After having brought the revolution to this happy re- sult, I, for mine own part, render thanks to Providence tor having prolonged my life, and for baving chosen me a8 on instrument to realize our social restoration. Con- went to have gathered the fruit of so great a work, and satisfied with the testiinony of my conscience, I ask only from the Father of Wiscom that he may grant you the. lights that are necessary for you to act, jaa momen’ > wn, in such & manner as that. your election may ert to the profit and to the happiness of the republic. God grant that the 4*h of Ostober, 1855, may begin an era | of justice, of true order, and of perfect liberty. The decree naming the representatives was then read, and the meeting was organized by acclama- tion in the following manner ;— President, Valentin Gomez Farias ; Vice Pros'- dent, Melchor Ocampo; First Secretary, Beni*» Juarez ; Second Secretary, Francisco de P. Cende- jas ; Third Secretary, Diezo Alvarez ; Fourth Secre- tary, Joaquin Moreno. All the departments and territories were repre- sented, with thajyxception of Sonora and Colima, Tt was about two o'clock when they proceeded to vote; General Alvarez had retired. The followiag is the result:— General Vidaurri received one vote—that of Juan N. Navarro. eneral Comonfort received three votes—those of Diego Alvarez, Joaquin Cardoso, and Jose Maria Lafragua General Melchor Ocampo received three yotes— those of Guillermo Prieto, Ramon J. Alcaraz, and Francisco Gonzalez. General Alvarez received sixteen votes—those of Messrs. Vincente Romero, Francisco de P. Cendejas, Felix Zuloaga, Jose de la Barvena, Jesns Anaya, Sabas Itarbide, Meichor Ocampo, Benito Juarez, Ma- riano Q. de Montellano, Jose Maria del Rio, Juan N Vera, Ignacio Cid del Prado, Joaquin Moreno, Eleuterio Mendez, Valentin Gomez Farias, and Ma- nnel Zetina Abad. General Alvarez was therefore declared President ad interim of the Mexican republic. A committee was appointed to announce to him this result. The General returned some minutes arterwards and took the oath. He appeared to be very much affected. The solemnity being terminated, he proceeded, in company with all the representatives, to the chureh, where a Te Deum was sung. We have heard the following, says the Trait ad’ Union, with regard to the election of General Al- vorez to the Presidency:— Gemeral Alveres did not wish absovutely to be Pres - dent, but the representatives insisted upon uominating him, as a mark of gratitude for the services which he had rendered to the revolution, It had therefore been agreed upon that he should be nominated first, and that in the event of his dectination, the votes should fall upon Mr. Comonfort, ‘This was the state of 0} when the rumor reached Cuernavaca that the officers of the garri- son of Mexico had declared that they would adhere to the nomination of Mr. Comonfort, but would protest against every other. The representatives, piqued to the quick, considered this declaration as a threat, and to show that the army could not flatter itself with having Senpone upon the country the President ofits choice, th ed their plans’ and their projects, They’ i #0 strongly before General Alvarer, that they induced him to accept the Presidency, and ‘in this way the second vote intended for Mr. Comonfort became entirely use We do not guarantee the authenticity of this ment, but if the rumor pe true, it must be confessed that the electors of Cuernavaca have given proof of a dignity which cannot be too warmly approved. PROCLAMATION OF GENERAL ALVAREZ. General Alvarez published, on the 2d of October, previous te his election, the following proclamation, which was inserted in the order of the day of the garrison of Ouernavaca:— The General-in-chief of the liberty restoring army to the troops torming the garrisoa of Chilpancingo : Companioss in arms, tyranny corrupts everything that it touches; the despot has converted you from faithtul servants of the nation and defenders of the people’s rights into ememies of your brethrea. After having compromised you ia am obstinate strife, he has fled acoward. You then remember that we are Mexivans; that you belong to the people which is identical with the drmnyy and thatéqabay alone, which divides to govers, haa fnvented that odious distinction. Soldiers, 1 ain quite satisfied with your conduct; your umion with the troops of the South has sealed the alliance of the army with the armed people. The country recognizes your services. The government emanating from the plan of ‘Ayutla will take care, according to the merit exhibite1 in the present campaign, of the chiefs and officers; the private soldiers, as s00n as the present political move ment is ended, may return to their firesides if they chose; the nation desires o1 volunteer servants. Com- rades, accept all the gratitude of your friend aad com- pamion in arms, JUAN ALVAREZ. After his election, General Alvarez issued the fol- Jowing proclamation to the nation :— ‘The citizen, General Juan Alvarez, president ad interim of the republic to the Mexicam nation: Feuow Crnzuns—I again address you to confirm your belief.as to the patriotisa of my sentiments aud the rec: titude of my intentions, now that the free vote of the representatives has elevated me to the chief magistracy of the nation; now that this ‘result may be wickedly in- terpreted by the malice of the political parties whieh so cruelly Inocrate the heart of our country; now, ia fine, that calumny and the hottest passions are terribly agi tated to di the glorious revolution which was initiaved at Ayatia for the destruction of the most odious despot: ism—I will not insist on manifesting to you the reasons which induced me to accept the title of principal chief ot the revolution, You know them already, and no one will do me the tnjustice to believe that personal aggran- sirement has been the motive which operated upon me. But when the result of such a glorious movement has come to confer upon me a new honor, I deem tt my duty lo wanifest to the whole nation that, if I have accepted the nomination cf vresident, ad interim, of the republic, | have only done so by the exercise of a’new effort. The position has nothing attractive under preseat circum. stances— tke terrible difficulties which surround it ren- dering it not desirable even to the meanest passions of ambition and egotism. In making this explanation, I desire only to show you my submission to the national will; and if'any one doubts the truth of my words, let him recall my antecedents— Jet him reflect on the condition in which our country stands—let him think of the elements which the new power that fs going to gcvern its destivies reckons on; and al. though pubhe opinion may be notoriously favorable to the new administration, let him not forget the vices tha afilict our fatigued society, for thece vices weaken an clement so powerful. In this manner the truth of my werds and the sincerity of the present manifestation may be known. My desires were to return to the obscurity of the do- mestic hearth; but the voice of country has forbidden me. However, I shall return, as I have promised, free fiom every aspiration, as I have lived up to this day. wita the sole satisfaction, which I bave constantly sought, and which consists in the consciousness of having eadeavores to do all the good possible to the country, which I swear to serve as the humblest of its children; tor to nv one du Tyield in patriotism and in ardent love of hberty. 1 had not even the most distant idea of being the man designated by the public vote to direct the destinies of the people, when 1 asked you to join your efforts for the support of the authorities who were tu forin the new gu vey nment, so 4s ¢ obtain the maintenance of your public rights and liberties, reconquered after the terrible strife that we have sustained against tyranny. Now that this charge has fallen upon me, after having invoked tue aid of heaven, I apxiously dewand yours, for my principal conviction is, that to assure public liberty and happiness the representation and intervention of the people are Lu- dispensible. Thus alone do I believe that the public ne- cessities will be satisfied, that society will proceed in the path of wel! being, and that we will obtain the immense go0d of perce. recommend to you a true respect for, and the performance of the commande of th provisionally, for the parpose of preparing the cons itu liepal period—an imperious necessity which the pl: Ayutla knew bow to meet, ia ordering the prompt is vi the summons of convocation—a duty which I must ac- complivh, as I must all those which my oath imposes on me. In waiting for this period to arrive, remember thut ¢ the evils caused by immorality and want of pa , order and relf denial are more than ever requi site. ‘otify the new administration of any errors ints which it may indicate what is suitadie for the best public service, Such is the co-operation that I de- », and with its aid] have no doubt of accomplishing the duties imposed upon me by the elevated pos: in which the national wili has placed me, and in which | am only retained by wy strong desire uot to refuse my sountry sacrifi-es of any kind. JUAN ALVAREZ, CURRNAY Aca, Oct Alvarez’s cabinet was composed as follows:— Minister of Foreign Affairs, Melchor Ocampo; of Justice, Benito Juarez; of War, Ignacio Comontori, and of Finance, Guillermo Prieto. Ponceano Arri- ago had Leen spoken of as Minister for the Interior and Luis de la Rosa for Minister of Fomente, (ways and means,) but it was subsequently decided that the Ministry of the Interior should be suppressed and annexed to that of Foreign Affairs, who shall henceforth be designated the Minister of Foreigu and Internal Affairs. It was also understood at one time that the Ministry of Fomente was, likewise supressed; but the idea was not carried ont, and it was supposed that the portfolio would be given to Mr. Degollado. Comonfort arrived at the capital on the Sth Oct. in company with M. Lafragua, and his two secreta taries, Doctors Ramirez and Cano. The corporation appointed a committee to receive him, and the Com mantont-General sent him a guard of honor. Dy decree of 7th of October, Comonfort holds the com- mand-in-chief of all the armed forces of the republic, and was ordered to proceed to Mexico, and assume in that capacity, as well as in that of Ministe. War, the command of the troops garrisoning t @ capital—to name his second in command in thed § trict, and to do everything which his prudence a @ his high political character might dictate, te amplest powers having been granted him tor th purpose. He addressed the following proclamation to the garrieon of Mexico:— COMONFOR'T'S PROCLAMATION TO THE GARRISON. Sotpuens—In obecience to the command of His kxe-l- leney, the President, ad interim, Ihave placed myvelf the head of the army, You constitute a very important part of it: T salute you therefore with an affection corciality, and | tender you asa friend, the hand tor @ sear and a-halt has wielded the sword for the defen» of the rights of the nation which an oppressive gover: « ment had trampled on, z You are perfectly aware of the events that have taten plice up to the present; you know exactly the means that have been ewployed 6 prolong the revolution, and you have seen that, alone, without any otter supp than that ot public opinion, J have preseoted myseli {1 your midst at the very time whon iwas desired to plaice your conduet in doubt. But I trusted to the word that you go solemnly pledged on the 12th of September, and | reposed upon your honor and your subordination, With there motives I have come in entire confidence (o undertake the difficult task of reforming the abuses through which an unwise effort was made to increrse the army, to the blemish of your fair renown, and to the div. credit of the institution. The soldiers of a repuviieas people are not, nor can they be, the pretorian guards of a despot, Citizens, like the other sons of the Mexicas fawily, you have rights to exercise and duties to fulfil avd you can neither renounce the one nor forget the other, Exercise, then, the former in all acts of civil soctety in perfect accordance with the interests of the exam nity, avd faithfully perform the latter by oveyiug the constituted authorities and by assuring the libe ty o: the people, for it fs not in vain that the people hive ia trusted you with arms by the aid of which you »-e to de tend its independence. Honor ix the first virtue of a soldier; your wor’ is pledged: I give you mine thet it ae Tbave no doubt, you unite loyally avound the suprens government, I, although the ‘ast among you in point of merit, shall be the first to suctifice my life tor the hap pines of this nation which so weli deserves « bette fortune. 1, COMONFURT, Mexico, Get, 18, 1855. Mr. Comonfort also addressed the following pro clamation to the inhabitants of Mexico:— Frirow-Cimzaxs—Elated with the parest joy | a ldcess myrelt to you for the purpose of announcing to you thet having been appointed Minister of War by the geoerans bounty of bis Exeeilt vey, the President ail inter come into the capital of the reputilic to commen the great work of our real regeneration, eapactty Ely gs e, but unt ht intend otion to the public service, cum aay neiency, you may rely upon the word which I ou iy the duties imposed vorution which has trinmpbel has great dates ‘As for us nm concern-d, 1 shall “tala heen tion, for in taking up arms I knew to what TwiN not depart « line's breadth from la; and, well persuaded of ite epirit and shall toil without cessation in te per sgement of the cemocratic programme. But convinee’, at the same time, that there can be no true Wherty without the faichful accomplishment of the laws, | prombe you that respect to rei'gion and to ‘he ‘the to tulfil. without herit operty of the citivens shall not be a vain word; that if stiee Caure its intexible sword to fall uy all crimi- als, whatever may be their wry, passion aball never be the interpreter of judgments, and that if the reforms Geer ci codes avian Ge tometer on may ‘upon in la, motive of m: actions shall never be the interest of these persons, but rather the public interest. I salute you, there‘ore, Mexicans, with all the g@lacerity ofmy soul. Task of you your eflcacious co-operation, and! beg of you thatin fodging me you may attribute my errors to my head, but never to my heart, which, en- tirely of the people and entirely for the people, will newer desire more than your happiness and your glory. Mexico, Oct. 10, 1855, I. COMUNFORT, ‘On the same day, the authorities, and the chiefs and officers of the garrison, went to felicitate Mr. Comonfort, who replied as follows :— GaNTLEMYN—In_ presenting myself in the capital of the republic, in the twofold capacity of Minister of War wad General-in-chief of the National Army, with which his Excellency, the President aa inéerim, has honored me, my heart bounds with joy, for I see that we have reached theend of a revolution, as glorious us it was just. My gratitude for your kindness, and my ardent wishes for the good of our dear country, impose upon me the duty of waniferting to you my resolution to develope fully the principles of the revolution in rendering justico to thiags and to men, in sustaining religion, property and security. The suitable reform of the army, the establishmenc of fa- dividual guarantees and the constant defence of liberty, ot-order, of the laws and of morality, will be the invaria- ble-bases of my conduct. My word of honor, which I have never forftited, my actions dvring the epoch throngh which we have just traversed, and my past—obscure, doubtless, but without a single stain—are the pledges which I give you for the future. Identified in these principles, since the origin .of the revolution, with the present supreme head of the State, you may rest tran- qvil that the ideas which I have just expressed as mine are aleo-bis. Group yourselves, therefore, I beg of you, around the new administrs tion, and reckon always upon my loyalty.and upon my absolute devotion to the service of the country. The ‘Tract d’ Union of 28th October, says that Mr. Comonfort refused ‘the title of General, decreed to him by Alvarez; also that he had bad an interview at Guadalupe, on the 11th, with Mr. Haro y Tamariz, the ex-minister of the Arista regime, whom we have spoken of as having gottenup. political programme on his own account in San Luis Potosi, of which he was military governor. Messrs. Castaneda and Do- minguez accompanied Comonfert. The conference was a very long one; it turned on the administra- tion of justice, and treated of such grave matters that Mr. Comonfort did not find himself possessed of sufficient powers to take any decision. On his re- turn from Guadalupe, Mr. Comonfort felt indisposed, and passed an agitated night. Next day, however, he was much better. As a consequence of this con- ference, Messrs. Castaneda, Dominguez and Vergara had departed for Cuernavaca, for the purpose of consulting Alvarez on different questions relative to the administration of justice. The Trait d’Union says that Messrs. Comonfort and Haro were pertfect- ly of the sane mind, and that the latter was to exter the capital with his division in a few days there- after. With respect to Comonfort, the Trait d'Union says:— In our long career as journalists, accustomed as we have been fur a number of years to prove public opinioa, we never recollect having met such sympathy as that which turrounds Mr. Comontort at the present moment. It is because, siace the commencement of the revolution, he has conducted himself with a tact, a devotion and a modesty which could not fail to conciliate general esteem in his favor. It is now known that he had himse‘f, with a neble disipterestedness, written to each of the ele-tors to engage them to fix their choice upon Gen. Alvarez, apd that, not to give the slightest pretext for the division of votes, he avoided presenting hiuiseif at Cuernavaca till the day after the election, Since the election, Mr. Comonfort has address- ed to the Siglo a communication, in which he siace: Jy thanks the journals that have supported his candid: ture, ‘Ibe weak services, he says, which he has rendered ty his country, do not merit eitaer recompense or honors, for he has done nothing but perform his duty in co-ope: ting in the great work commenced in the South by Alvarez, Sir. Comontort closes by declaring that he will sustain with all his powers the legitimate and eminently national government of Gen. Aivarez—a government which will realize all the promises of tue plan of Ayutla, which wall give ample guarantees to all classes of society, ane which will prepare the way for the nation to consti- tute herself freely as may sit the sovereign will. At the last accounts from Mexico Alvarez was reported to be slightly indixposed wt Cuernavaca, but still he was able to attend to public affairs. The rumor of the trans- fer of the seat of government to Cuernavaca had obtained some credit. The Patria says-—the act stituent Congress is al vocation of the Con- wn up and will soon be published. Among other thing: a capital of $1,500 to be eligible as a delegate; it deprives the mem Lere of the ula, of all iate-ven- lous in the some The next point of interest in the recent events in Mexico is that of the silly refasal of our Minister there to co-operate with the other members of the diplomatic corps in felicitating Gen. Alvarez on his assumption of Presidential power. We have already given the facts connected with this matter, and have commented op them editorially. They amount to this: that Gen. Gadsden, who had declined to recog- nize the government of Gen. Carrera, hastened to pay his court and to make a pompous speech to Gen. Alvarez, thus in some measure placing his government in the false position of sympathizirg with the revolution. But that was not all. On the following day he received an invitation from the doyen, or senior member of the diplomatic corps, to attend with that body for the purpose of formally and unitedly recognizing the existing government; but that invitation, Mr. Gadsden, with his usual crotchetty disposition, declined. We have given his soars as well as speech to Alvarez, of which the followmg is the closing paragraph;— In the naw of the federation of Ube United States of Ame: oy Extraordinary and Minister ilenipoventiary telicitates the Mexican States on their reunion under a government of their choice and under a President chosen by their free vote, In renewing, thea, with the legitimate government of Mexico relations which had unfortunately been interrapted by their knowa sym- pathies, the United States to-day salute the Mexican re- publis with a spicit of amity, justice and peace, To this speech Gen. Alvarez responded as fol- lows:— It is truly agreeable to me to hear from the mouth of your Exceliency the sincere manite tation which, as \tin- inster Pienipotentiary of the United States, you have just made, in recongizing in my person the magistrate of a free people, which by virtue of its sovereignty has 1e- covered its inberent righ's. which unfortugately hai been inierrupted by the unsettled condition in which the nation found itself from the usurpaticn of public power. It is equally agreeable ty receive your Excelleacy’s fe- licitation on the confidence evinced by the representa: tives of the nation in levating me to the first office of the republic—a distinction which, as your leacy is assured, I have neither solicited nor desired, but which 1 have aecepted because! cas refuse nothing to the coun- try to which I have consecrated my life; following there- in the example left us by good patriots Like the iminortal Guerrero. Tam very thankful in regard to the United States, so worthily represented by your Excellensy, for the rympa- thies which they entertain for the nattal governmen’, ond I hope that the new administracion which the Mexi- con people has appointed, will, atter having sastainet by arms their trampled rights, bring into action the power- fal elements on which it reckons, that in the future it may stand with the greatnese which belongs to it, and that it may take its corresponding place between the two free, sovereign and In iependent nations. Trecogoize, with your Excellency, the propriety amd necessity of the two republice maintaining the friendly relations which are indispensable if we would realize the immense good ot peace; and! also believe that all peo who, in their constitutive form, adopt the principle ot tional sovereignty, ought to be united for the purpose of ing the pretensions of absolutism, and ought to w closer this bond until it reacnes the centre of com- mon fraternity, a© ardently desired by us as it is strongly combatted by the enemies of the emancipation of the man race. According to your Fxcellency’s desire, relations again formed between the republic of the United sta and that of Mexico, and | promise myself thet hene there will he no reason for their interrup’ 1 confidence in the sincerity of your Excellency avd, on the part cf iy government, the neighboring re- pubiie will never have to complain, as its wot will be guided by justice and loyalty. 1 beg that your Excellency in c ment my gratitude fi to it how mueh I d then. e the prosperity of the United States of America, ond in ss my leave of the worthy representative of » free people, Ido so in a spirit of sia- cere frientsbip, of justice and of pence. This resumé brings us down to the condition of the government at the date of the latest news Theie have heen since telegraphic despatches from Vera Cruz, giving expression to a ramor that Alva- rez had found his health uneqnal to the fatigues of government, and had retired in favor of Comonfort- But we do not attach credit to these, for the simple reason that Alvarez’s tenure of office, is merely for a short interval, until the will of the nation can be an- nounced through its constitutional Congress, and it ia not at all probable that he would abandon it sooner. It is very probable that the choice of Presi- dent will then fall upon Comonfort: but we think that, till then, Alvarez will not abandon his post. Another matter of the gravest import to Mexico, ‘as well as to the United States, and which was at- tracting much attention at the date of our last ad- vices, was the presence on the Mexican territory of armed bands of Texans, under the command of Cap- tains Callahan and Henry. Rumors reflecting upon Mr. Vidaurri’s cornection with this invasion had circulated in Mexico, and gained some credence. But-a long correspondence on the subject took place at the beginning of October, between him and Comonfort, in which Vidaurri vigorously protested against baving any idea of annexation or separation In a letter to one of his friends, dated Monterey, Oct” 6, he vows vengeance against the army of Santa Anna, or rather the garrisons of Mexico and San / Luis, that had affected to endotee the plan of Ayutla,. | and says :— As soon as I shall have done with the soldiers here shall set out for the interior of the republic with the mt midable war trains which I possees to-day’, and with those coasiderable ones that | shall take at Tampico and Matamoros, 1 will then go to prove to these wicked jani saries and to the infamous conservatives, their com. panions, that we, the invabitants of the North, are neither traitors nor anuexationists, as these liars have reported, so as to defile the sanctity’ ot our cause; and after having smitten them on the face, as cowards and impostors, 1 shall also prove to them by aatographie ‘ ocuments that I have refused the aid cf men and money Sere me by the United States, and that if I had not done: $ Aghcald have had under iny orders a numerous army B On the 6th of October we find him, after having already commenced his operations against Mata- moros, addressing the following communication to: Gen. Alvarez :— As your Excellency will see, by the two I bave the honor to’ Transinit herewithy shes acer} era tory bas been invaded by a party of three hundred Amw- rican adventurets, who have crossed the [tio Bravo at the Adjuntas, on the boundari+s of the State of Coahei a: and if advice which I have rece ved is to be relied on, it is to be feared that another furce of four hundred men is also crossing the river on the side of the frontier, I am ignorant of the motives and the views of this sudden in. vasion; but whatever may be the effect of the mancuvres of the conservatives, as it is generally said, though | cannot believe it, that the object is to arrest some run- away negroes from the Stute of Texas, or the chastins. ment and repression of the Lipan Indians, who, living in ace among us, have caused, they say, several deaths in I am resolved to die wiih the national troops under my command, rather than to permit the Mexican territory to be violated with {mpunity. For this purpose Ihave inade arrangements that to-morrow five companies ofcavalry shall set out, with four guns, inciuding a howit- zer, to the aid of the section of permanent and auxiliary ‘troops who are by paring to resist this unjust aggression, under command of the brave Gen. Lamberg, second chief of the Commandancy General of Coahuila, whom 1 have charged with this mission, in view of his fidelity and of his ther commendable qualities, If the paril inerease, { will myself march to the detence of the nationality ‘so gravely comprcmised by this sort of invasion, Aé unity is the primary condition when forsign enemies are to be met, I have given orders to suspend ail military operations on Matamoros and Tampico, on the part of the forces of the army of the North, destined to capture said places; for it is not L who will fire a single gun in civil War so long as the Mexican territory shall be menaced as itis. Ihave informed of the whol» matter the military commandants of these two points, ordering the comman- cart at Matamoros to march to this capital (Moaterey) the 4th Light, with three pieces of artillery, for this ts required by the combination which I have formed to pre- rent to the enemy u line of resistance wherever he dares to penetrate. In the sue idea, I have also ocdered the chief of the section, Garza, who was menacing Matamo ros, to station himeelf at Keynova to await orders, In case the number of invaders should inesewe, I would procure the section Zuugua, at San Luis, Nuevo Leon, Coaburla and Tamaulipas to’ rise ia mass, if poseiole, to repel the outrage by arms. 3 Your Excellency being, by a thousand titles, the sole supreme authovity that Mesteo has iw tne gloomy cir- cumstances in «hich the fugitive Dictator has left as en- veloped, I ought to report (his event to your xzellency. I do not know whether it will complicate the «ituation of political atiairs, or whether it will cause Mexicans to lay down their own hatred upon the altar of the country, and whether it will result in the grant of guarantees by the new government, aud the adoption of the reforms de- manded by the peace and prosperity of Mexico, which the army of the North desires to see constitutional and hap- py—that condition being the elementary idea of its pro- gramme. Thi, Ihave the honor to make known to your Bxcel- lency, that you may regulate everything relative to the war to which we have veen provoked, as well as in the way of diplomatic reciamations, which thay be made witb 60 much justice toa government that does not prevent the departure from its tereitory of forees orgamized to in- vade a friendly nation. God and Liberty. Monterey, Oct. 6, 1855. SANTIAGO VIDAURRI. The Texan papers say that this so-called iavasion was undertaken with the consent of the Mexican authorities at Piedras Negras, for the purpose of punishing the Lipan Indians for the systematic out- rages they are in the habit of perpetrating on the border. A Battle was fought near San Fernando, somewhere about 12th October, between Callahan's rangers and a large force of Indians and Mexicans, in which the latter were routed. Reinforcements were anxiously called for from Texas, it being the determination of the rangers to hold their ground. Serious complications may arise out of this affair. Comonfort had left the capital on the ith, in com- pany with Haro y Tamariz, for Cuernavaca, to con- sult Alvarez on this frontier invasion and on several other grave questions. Vidaurri was regarded with much suspicion and alarm. He has been at the head, not of a portion of the revolutionary forces, but of what he calls the Army of the North, which has been operating totally independent of Alvarez. It was reported that a banner with Mexican colors, bearing in the green part an eagle without the fig tree (ropel,) in the white part five stars, and on its whole surface the words “ Union, religion, independence; Repub- lic of Sierra Madre,” hid been taken from the troops of Vidaurri by the garrison of Matamoros. The fact appeared significaut. The five stars represented, it is said, the five States of Tamaulipas, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Chihuahua and Durango. !* is plain, therefore, that the object of Mr. Vidaurri's revolu- tion was the establishment of the republic of the Sicrra Madre. He had not officially recognized the government of Alvarez. In this distracted condition of affairs—with a civil war still continuing, and with an invading force op the frontier—wus the unfortunate republic of Mex- ico at the date of our last advices. Nothing bat the most prudent and abte administra' of the govern- ment could bring order and tranquillity ont of sach chaos and dissention. Let us hope that Mexico will find such a government, aud that she will ere loug find herself in the path of peace and prosperity. Farther Particniars of the Loss of the Propel ler Detaware. LiIsT OF THE LOST aND SAVED—ROUBERY OF THE DEAD—STEALING THE CARGO. [From ube Chicago Press, Nov. 9.) Part of the erew of the propeller Leleware came to this place yesterday on the steawer Are! accompany the Lody Of the late master of the wrecked vesel—Captain 1). Tl. Dixon—on its way to its friends near French Ureek, not far from Bufialo, From the saved who are here, we learn the following additional partyculace:— ‘The propeller left Port Washington about 11 o'clock Sunday night, and socn after that time the fury of the storm commenced, While laboring in the ses, she sprung 4 leak, and the wat wed on the pups 80 fast that they were obliged to hend her for the shore. Tbe water extinguished ber fires, and she then with her gid set, until she struck, about six miles south of She boygan. Monday morning, soon after daylight, Joseph Green halgh, Jet engineer, Heary Inman, whemlmaa, and %. Miuegar, fireman, launched the propeller’s lije-byat from the upper deck, and placed the ovly woman on board in it, with her chiid. She was @ passenger; gud another a-senger. (probably her hurbené) got into the boat with her, John Jones aud two others, nates anknown—all three deck handr—slsy gut into the boat, making nine in ir, and started for the snore. The buat lad proceeded but a few yards from the vessel before it capsized, and all were drowned except Greenbalgh, Inman aad Minegar, & male passenger. others determined to remain on the vessel, exsept Hiil, cook, who got into the yawl, which was stove, with it tu the shore in safety, Nou one else ure in it with bim. on perixhed Monday afternoon from cold He was lashed to the stern, and after he gs the waves wuld have dashed him to pieces J, and the survivors could scarcely hold the wreck, the mate took the captain's his poeheis and cut the body adrift. It wax jecovered on the shore. The mate delivered tue money into the bands of the shertffof the county, James Brennan, yorter, fell from the “eaing the propeller on ' Monday, and was drowned. PF engers were crowned names were unknown. following bx et complete fist of loss and savel which we can make oer —Captain t James Brenoan, perter; two deck hands, names un Inown; five passengers. names unknown Saver.—BMr. Ausiin, 1 of ive Henry Shimer, let engener eenhaigh. 24 do. HN. Allen, wh P. Shea, steward; W. reman; 3 Minegar. di » Fett, ur, wateh 1, home unknown, y) the government life boat at d by two sailors and seven citizens own to mar: ck ha Luring the day (4 Sheboygan was mann ef the place, and come compelled to make last survivors. the Tuesday tworning, 1 who manned the b having repeated their vals all Monday night. ‘They would go ont, and it the boat filled they id re- turn, bail ito get rested and warmed, and “try it again.’ Such noble heroism should pot pase uoreward 1 we doubt not the gallant men will ve well remem: crew state that thieving and reeting, of the dead actixed by the people on the share, While on the , the ciew had bashed their clothing to portions wreck, ané let them dfift shore. They are ap. propriated ny seme of the tohabitants, and the deetitate seamen were obliged to hunt them and take them from the thieves by foree, One of the engineers got outa peareht wartent, ond s000vered Ghost 0° the plouler. ‘The enrgo wae fart ceming ashore, but npon sigh a Jong extent of coast that it wa: insoossilile to keep podple fom steal ng! prtels of beef and flour