The New York Herald Newspaper, October 14, 1855, Page 2

2 THE FALL OF SEBASTOPOL. Whe Reqart of Genseel Mah, the French Chief ‘: Sept. 12, 1863. Morsisvr us Manponal—The assault was made on the fortifications of Sebastopol om the 8th, and placed us im ion of the off, the occupation of which renders the de‘enee of the faubousg almost impossible, and allows us to cut off the communica son-gof with the north of the harbor. The enemy have showa that they knew that conquest to be decisive. After having made several atiacks on us with @ courage which we are bound to pay homage to, finding that these last efforts remained without result, they commenced in the eourse of the evening evacuating the town. During the night set fire to it, and expired twee, destroy works of defence and the great esta bit Bas been so many years accumulating in They sank all their ships of the line, frigates and other sailing vereols, and only preserved their » rs; finally, they carried off the bridge of boats by which they com- municated with the northern side, thus abaudoning to us the town, the faubourg, and all that lies on the southern aide of the harbor. ‘The defence was energetic; on several pointa our at- tacks were repulsed, but the principal—that which in- wered to us eventual remai @ moment deubttul. The Ist di ofthe Ist at present eommanded by General M’Mahon, carried the off at ‘the first rush, and maintained themselves thete, ing clearly that it held in ita possession the of the place. now proceed to give you am account of the arrange- ments wi had been adopted to diminish as much as possible the numerous difficulties which this terrible assault presented, made, as it was, not on a place re gularly invested, and with a limited garrison, but on a vast fortress defended by an army probably as numerous aa that which attacked it. Rear the fortifications of the town our trenches had arrived within forty metres of the Central Bastion (No. 5 of ibe Bussiens,) and within thirty of the Flagstaff Bas. 0. 4. Near the haudou of Karabelnaia the English, arrested by the difficulties of the ground and by fire of the enemy's Srtillery, could not approach closer than within 00 metres of the Great Redan (No. 3,) on which’ their were directed. front of the Malakoff we had arrived within twenty- five metres of thefortification which surrounds the town, and our approaches had placed us at about the samo distance from the small Redan of Careening Bay (No. 2.) ‘Phat great result was due incontestably to the supe- wierity which our artillery had assumed over that of the enemy. "The Generale-in chief of the allied armies had decided on the following a ments:— ‘The ral attack on the place was fixed on for the @th of September, at noon. On the 5th, early in the morning, the artillery of the attacks on the town and that of the English attacks, who had hitherto been sparing of their fire, were to resume it with the greatest ae'ivity. Never was such a cannonade heard, for we had in battery, alovg the two attacks, upwards of 600 pieces of cannon, the English 200 more, and the Russians more than we, The enemy’s fire damaged our trenches, but did us but BMttle harm. Ours, notwithstanding the great extent of ‘he place, converged on it, and must have caused great Jose to the Russian army. During the few days immedi- ately Preceding the assault the workmen of the infantry were principal) her) aaa in enlarging the several places Warmes wost in advance, in widening the passages, and in transporting to the required spots the means of cross- the ditches. le Freat object of all our efforts was to obtain posses- tien of the work constructed behind the Ma'akoff ‘tower. ‘Phis werk, (the Kornileff Redoubt of the Russians,) which ie an immense redoubt, (a sort of citadel in earth,) occu- a height which commands the whole interior of the delnaia fabourg. It takes in the flank of the Redan, attacked by the English, and is only 1,200 metres from the southern port, on which the Rnssians had constructed a Dbrkige of boats, become their only communication between the faubourg and the town. The fort of the Malakoff is 350 metres in length, and 160 metres in width. Its parapets are 18 feet above the ground, and in front of them is a atch which, at the points of our attacks, is 6 metres deep and 7 wide.’ The first was armed with 62 pieces of can- nen of various calibre. In the front part, surrounded the parapet, is the Malakoff tower, of which the Rus- only kept the ground floor, which is loopholed. In ‘tthe interior of the works the Russians have raised a mul- titude of traverses, beneath which are excellent blinds, where the garrison found shelter, and bedplaces arrang- ed in two tiers on each side. A Russian engineer officer who has been made prisoner estimates at 2,500 men the = cf the fort of the Malakoff, of which I have ght it my duty to give vou a description, in order ‘that you may judge of the dificulties which our soldiers have had to surmount. The front of the Malakoff, which is 1,000 yards in length, terminates on our left by the Malakoff Fort, and en our right, by the Redan of the Careening Port. This latter work, which, at the commencement of the siege, imple redan. has been by degrees transform- strongly armed redoubt. ‘The outer tronts of the two redoubts of the Malakoff and the Careening Port were united by a curtain armed with 16 guns, and in the vear of that inclosure the Russians had raised a second, ‘which was united to the two redoubis. This second in- elonare, already partly a had not any ditch which ould present any serious obstasle. As to the ditch of the first curtain and ot the Redan of the Careening Port, rocky nature of the ground had prevented the Rus- sians from diexing it everywhere of an equal depth, and on several points it could ve crossed without aay serious @ifficulty. In order to cross these ditches, which were deep, we had invented a kind of bridge, which could be thrown across in less thax a minute by an ingenious manceuvre, in which onr men had been exercised, and these bridges were very useful to us. ‘The French artillery bad acquired such a decided supe- Fiority over that of the Russians that it had silenced al- most all the fire that bore directly on our attacks, and their embrasures were #0 that our columns had no Jonger any fear of being assailed by grape on leaving their trenches, The parapets had also been knocke down, and a part of the materials of which they had been formed bad fallen into the ditches ; m short, ‘the fort of ‘the Malakoff had received such a number of shells from ‘eur batteries and from those of the Eogilsh that the guns which were not directly scen also their embrasures = filled up, and the earthworks had entirely lost their ori- I form. In the rear, however, of the first line of de- the Russians had placed several guns, and the eolumns of attack on the Malakoff were exposed to the fre of numerous batteries which the enemy had con- structed on the north side of the roadstead, and the shot from which, although fired from a very long range, were able to inflict injury. You are aware, Monsieur le Maréchal, that from the moment of my arrival before Sebastopol I did not hesitate ‘to declare that the true point ot attack was the tower or ‘the mamelon of Malakhoff, and that this opinion having been adopted by General Canrobert, the right attacks were undertaken and executed by the 2d corps. On the side of the town he contented himself with extending towards the left the approaches executed by the Ist corps. Tak- ing at the point at which they were a the time the assault was decided on, there was no doubt but that ‘the possession of the Malakoff Fort would lead to a de- eisive result, and, on the other band, it was to be pre- sumed that if the attack on that point failed the success obtained elsewhere would be without any material conse- quences. A place, however, of such an extent could not be attacked at only one point ; it was necessary to cau a division of the ‘8 forces, and also to inspire them ‘with uneasiness as to the security of the bridge by which ler would have to make their retreat. It was in order to satisfy these different considerations, and to tecure success at the same time that the blood of our soldiers should be spared as much as possible in the terrible struggle which was being prepared, that the General-in-Chief decided _on first ‘ing the assault in the front of the Malakoff, and that if that attack, which was made under his eyes, shonld succeed, the English at his signal should attack the Redan, and the 1st Corps the town, in order to prevent the enemy from concen- trating all their efforts against the troops which should have taken possession of the fort of the Malakoff. The front of the Malakoff was to by attacked by three col- umns; that of the left, commanded bp General M’Mahon, marching directly on the fort by the front op- pate to us, was to take possession of it, and ld it any’ cost; that ‘the right, Ge- meral Dulac, was to march on the Redan of the Careening Vort, to occupy it, and to detach a brigade on its left, in order to turn the second e1 jure; and that of the centre, under General La Motterouge, leaving the aixth |, having more ground to go ‘over, was to carry urtain, afterwards advance on second en- elosure, and send one of its brigades to the assistance ‘the first column, ifit should not have yet obtained po § session of the Malakoff Fort. The importance of these positions was such that no Goubt was felt but that the enemy would, in the event of their being taken, make every effort to recover them, and, in consequence, the troops of the Imperial Guard ‘were given as a reserve to the 2d Corps. Chef de Batail- Jon Radon, of the Engineers, having under his orders weveral brigades of sappers, marc! with the first column, was to throw the bridges over the ditches, seek for the mines, and everywhere open a passage to the columns, and as soon as they should be masters of the fort, open large in the rear for the arrival of other troops and artillery. Chef de Bataillon Renoux, of the Engineers, attached to the right column, and Captain Schonnagel, attached to that of the centre, having also brigades of sappers under their orders, had to tulfil simi- lar missions, All these arr ents for the service of the Engineers had been made by General Frossard, who commands the Engineers of the 2d Corps, In the attack on the town, in order to avoid the o! accumulated by the enemy at the salient of the Flagstaff Masur, it ‘had been decided that the ee assault should be made on the Central bastion, between its salient and the Junette on the left; that the column of assault, as soon ‘as it bad established itself in the Central bastion, should detach a part of its force towards the gorge of the Flag- stall rr bod pes front of which would be then as- eailed Sardinian brigade, which had come to take part in the operations ofthe Ist Corps. General Dalesme, the Engineers of the Ist Corps, had made pacts tee we attacks on the town simflar to those indica’ for the at >, biome cdr attacks on the faa: At eight o’clock in the morning of the 8th, two mines, each containing Femmes of powder, were sprung near the Central Bastion. The explosion’ took place in the middle of the bastion, and appeared to cause consider- able disorder. At the same hour we fired in advance of our approaches on the Malakoff Fort three chambers, ad , +, with of te order to. break the lower yo Besuka tates of the Ruswan miners, and to tranguillize our who were massed in the trenches, under which, to the aco ol Ceserters, all the ground was ‘3 rasa ge way precively car soldiers rushed forward ov the from our advanced places Parmes. Thay crosse 1 the ditches with surprising agisity and, climbing on the fb a cea K he enemy to the cry of ‘Vive Ul’ Em- oat the fort of the Malakoff, slopes on the inside being very high, the frst who arrived aoepet for ocrapet ant terttr ‘0 form, and them mounted on the Tot tednent c the work. The contest which bayenct, with the b \ shots was continued with the tilerymen ptt re nd stones: the Russian ar- ir rammer they were everywhere killed, toiun vicnete ee acitnt off, and in a quarter ofan hour the French f float rg on the conquered redoubt spe ge rion ty he Redan of the Careening Port hs #) been carried : NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1855. after a very severe et arrived as far ae the second where taken of eral-in-Chief then made attack of the Great Redan, ‘that on the town, The English to-cross under a heavy fire of covered with the slain. poon losses, not arrest the march of the column of ‘attack, which reached the work, descended into the ditch, which was about five yards deep, and, notwithstanding all the of- forte of the Russians, scaled and carried the ut of the Redan. After a first’ struggle, however, which cost the Ruseians very dear, the h soldiers were exposed to a very heavy fire, and, atter supporting for sane two hours a most unequal’ combat, they were compelled to evacuate the Redan. The attack on the Central Bastion was attended with a similar result. Our soldi@rs of th lst Corps surmounted every obstacle, and bravely at tacked the enemy, on whom they inflicted severe lomes: but soon after, being completely exposed to a tire from several directions at the same time, they ren: an attack in which the General-in-Chiefhad ordered them not to persist. At ‘he front of the Malakoff the Russians made great efforts to resonquer the works which had been taken from them. Returning on the Redan with numerous co- tumns, supported by field artillery, thay succeeded in re- taking it and in forcing us to abandon the second line of fortifications; but the first columns of attack, supported by the Imperial Guard, remained immovable behind the exterior slope of the first line, Several attacks were also attempted against the Mala- koff. The dead bodies of the enemy became heaped up in front of the gorge, but the First division remained per- fectly firm, and at the close of the by were masters of this citadel, without which the Russians could not con- tinue their defence for more than a few days, and even then only by sacrificing » part of the army, who, after the rupture of the great bridge of boats, would have remain- ed without any communication with the northern side, In consequence, they determined on a grand step; the had everything prepared to destroy the pee with thei ‘own bands, in case they should be forced to abandon it. During the night of the 8th, loud explosions announced that this immense seruggle had arrived at its termina- tion; the enemy were abandoning Sebastopol, but they had fesolved to leave only a heap of ruins, Our losses are great, but the army, of which the Empe- ror may well be proud, has deserved well of the country. The long and arduous labors of the siege never exhausted its patience. Whenever they nd to hand with the enemy our soldiers displayed the grestest bravery, and the assault of the 8th September is a feat of arms vl which France has reason to be proud. In this last trial, the corps of engineers suffered fur- ther losses, but not so numerous as might have been ex- ted, Capt. Schonnagel, an excellent officer, has been illed; Chef de Bataillon Fournier, Capt. Ansous (aide-de- camp to Gen. Dalesme,) Capt. Laruelle, and Lieuts, Joy- eux and Pradelle have been wounded. Among the non- commissioned officers and soldiers there have been 24 killed and 1:2 wounded. The Chefs de Bataillon Renoux and Ragon, who gave an example of great bravery, were bravely seconded by the officers and Sappers placed under their orders. In this last assault, as well as during the whole of the siege, every one nobly did his duty. I cannot here quote tl names of all those who have deserved to be mentioned to you, and for whom I shall have to solicit rewards; that ‘will be the subject of a special report, which Iam about te commence. Thus has ended this memorable siege, in which the means of defence and those of attack assumed colossal proportions. The Ri Russians had more than 800 guns mounted, anda garrison the force and composition of which they could vary at pleasure. After the immense quantity of projectiles they expended upon us it is sur- prising to see that they were still abundantly provision- ed, ani T have reason to believe that they have left more than 1,600guns in the place. The besieging army}hadabout 700 guns in battery during the various attacks, and upwards of 1,600,000 shots were fired. proaches, which were in many cases cut through the rock by mésns of gunpowder, had an exteat of upwards of 80 kilometres (56 miles Engtish.) We em- Played 80,000 gablons, 60,000 fascines, and nearly 1,000,- fand-| ie Never had the Corps of Enginxers such arduous and numerous dutics to perform, and in no previous siege did it experience such great losses; 31 officers have been killed, 88 wounded. Among the killed are General Bizot, who#d name cannot be passed over in silence on the day of triumph; the worthy Lieutenant-Colonel Gueria chefs de bafaillon, 20 captains, and 3 licutenants. This severe trial never shook the constancy of our officers, and the troops o! the corps followed thelr noble exanaple, ‘Two companies of Suppers bave only their fourth eaptaih now, the three former having been killed while leading them on; and yet their ardor mever flagged. | In sapping and mining the non-commissioned officers and soldiers never finched, and in actions of emergency they display- ed the greatest intrepedity. In concluding report, Monsieur le Maréchal, I must state that the greatest harmony has never ceased to exist between the Artillery and the Engineers. When- ever one of these two branches of the service could aid the other it gladly did so, and this unity of plan and ac- tion has enabled us to conquer many difficulties, The best understanding has always subsisted between General Harry Jones, the commandant of the Engineers of the British army, and me. Our object was the same, and we have never differed in opinion as to the means to be employed to attain it, had already had an opportu- nity, at the siege of Bomarsund, of appreciating the frankness and noble spirit of that general officer. It has been very gratifying to me to meet him again at the siege of Sebastopol. coup, Monsieur le Maréchal, the homage of my re- speciful devotedness. NIEL, Commandant of the Engineers of the Army of the Fast. ‘The French led. {From the Paris Moniteur, Sept. 27.] Sknastoror, Sept. 11, 1855, Monerecr Lk Marwcnat—The glorious day of the 8th has caused to enter our ambulances 4,472 wounded French- men, 2¥2 of whom are officers. In addition to these we have also received 1,654 wounded Russlans. It has neod- ed all the activity,’ experience and devotion of the staff Placed under my Grders properly to perform the dutios which have devolved upon them in this wholly excep- tivnal case, The removal of the wounded was accom- plished with all the, promptitude it was possible to use, the maze of trenches ploughed up by a storm of pro- jectiles. Since the 8th about 3,000 men have been rought in. At the left attacks, where the ground allow- ed of sending the litter mules almost to the very plase of combat, the removal was most rapid; it was farmore dif- ficult in deep and almost inaccessible ravines on the right. There the wounded had to be conveyed on stretchers an enormous distance, and men to bear them were wanting. When night fell the combat was still ‘the last soldiers that fell arrived at the am- nine in the morning. By the evening, not- t numbers, the whole of them rat dressing, and the most urgent formed, Our medical men were everywhere; five of Messrs. Didiot, Daga, Huard, Darcy, and Goinard, have been woundsd. ‘We have at the present moment in our Crimean ambu- lances 10,520 men, of whom 372 are officers. Our ar- rangements are of the completest description, and we send off our drafts without hurry, and with the utmost rity. Foreseeing the events that have taken place, I had caused the number of the ambulances to be con: siderably increased by bringing some from Kamiesch, where there had been in the first instance an over sup: Pyio By,means of these we were enabled to remove ,000 additional wounded after the combat. These sick men amount at present to 1,500, who are very comfort: ably lodged in barracks, where’ the service will, I a sure, be properly provided for, thanks to the vice-ndmi- ral commanding the squadron, who at my request was 80 good as to send on shore and place at my disposal 12 naval surgeons before the battle took place. Messrs, Bondurand and Le Cauchois-Feraud, intendants of the first and second army corps, bave admirably se- conded me, They had made the best arrangements, The health officers, the collective body of the intendants, the officers of administration, the officers and soldiers of the baggage train, the attendants on the sick—all have done thelr duty with the most praiseworthy and perfect devo- tion ; and on this day, so glorious for our arms, the hos- pital ‘and the administrative service have worthily per- formed the task confided to them. Tam, &., BLANOROT. operations had been The Cant of Abolitionism. To Mr. Lewis Tarray:— Sm—I find published in ono of our Virginia newspapers copied from the New Fork Trine, the following impu- dent, rude and impertinent letter, over your signature:— LETTER TO GEN. JOHN H. COCKE, OF VIRGINIA. S1r—You are a corporate member of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, and will, I suppose, be present at the annual meeting to be held at Utica, New York, on the 11th instant, agreeal your usual custom. You are a siaveholder. A gentleman in this State, who has long been sequainted with you, me that you and ou law hold, at the present time, at least one ‘thousand slaves. There was a time when, Tam greatly misinformed, you wept and prayed over the subject, and were anxiously airing: what duly required of you in'the premises, It is posaible that tince you look an active part in procuring the passage of the Nebraska and Kansas bill, and the defence of the “insti. tution” by the Rev. Dr. A’ of Boston, who ix associated mong while \, with son in-law, hold im comy inh dacknéar one thousand ‘men, wownen 4 arative y children in this land, who are bereft of their dearest righis. But allow me to express the that, coming onee more into a free State—Into a comm: feels more ever an abborrence of siave- ry —aasoc! with many of the most talented and influential ministers and laymen in New England, New York, &c., you may be brought to see the great incousistency of your corduct, and be Jed, as you have nearly been lied on grmer occasions, e ‘hors you bold. tn. book , and this af: to ford a high example of Christian consistency that Apologies of snvery. in the free, States. btosh, while fluences Christian ‘at the South to imitars your exam: ple. Respectfully yours, LEWIS TAPPAN, Now, sir, as it is well understood, at least in the community in which I live, that I am the person under the designation of the ral Cocke, I shall take the liberty of expressing to you, through a channe) equally public, the contempt I feel for the pharisaical canting and un- gentlemanly tone and tenor of your whole letter, and of saying, sir, further to you, that when you, together with your whole fraternity of abolitionists, shall have clothed, housed, fed, and otherwise cared for and improved ‘one thousand” of the wretched free negroes in your own a 9 Poe aneres —— thing for 4 thou- sand” of the white daves upers amongst the tens of thousands of such who are. allowed to experience every winter, in your great cities, all the of an utter physicalgan’ moral destitution, and when you shall have plactd your “one thousand” free negroes, or white peupers, in circumstances of as much physical’ comfort, socéal and moral improvement, as are now enjoyed by Genecal Cocke's slaver, and iny own, you, sir, will have | ehh wed world a better proof of your own “‘consist- ency in you can ever hope to do, altho Nu shonld spend & long life of impertinent and iaetid toler, meddling with the affairs of Southern gentlemen. ] vemain, pir, with due respect, PHILIP eT. GEO, COCKE. News from Brazil. OUR BIO JANEIRO CORRESPONDENCE. Rio pp Janmimo, Aug. 26, 1855. Dividend of the Amazon River Navigation Company—The Historical and Geographical Society—Interchange of Pub- ications with New York—His Majesty Assists at the Mecting—Yelow Fever at Bahia—Price of Flour—A Visit to the Rio Prison—Americans in Confinemen!— Their Cases—New Steamship Lines. This will be forwarded by Captain Baker, of the bark Swan, via Baltimore, who sails to-morrow morning with a cargo of 3,960 bage coffee. On August 17, the Steam Navigation and Commercial Amazon River Company declared a dividend of 24$000 per share, which is equivalent to 12 per cent interest on the capital invested, On the evening of the 17th, the Historical and Geographi- cal Institution convened, andéts members were assisted by the presence of his Imperial Majesty Don Pedro Il. Among the interesting iems was a petition from our countryman, Mr, James C. Fletcher, to exchange publi- cations of this institution with the Historical Institution of New York. The Minister of the Empire presented the memoranda of @ trip tha; was taken from the city of Barra, at the mouth of the river Vego, up that river one of the tributaries of the Amazon), by Senor Antunes jurjuo, which is said to have been an interesting explo- ration voyage. August 20, dates were received from Lisbon of 15th July, from Pernambuco Sth, und Buhia 11th of this mcnth, per steamer Parana. The news of most inte- rest to your readers is that the yellow fever at Bahia has abated, and that flour, as per last sales, brought the following. prices:—Richmind, 34000 » 268000; Balt: more, 27500 a 208000; Irist 3. S. 8. F., 288800; and Por- tuguese, 528000 a 348000. Twas pleased to learn that « company of Liat Ameci- cana, ty OM papers, were negotiat toruna line "of stoamess between New York and Lisbon; andl ‘would suggest that it will be practical and one ‘of the best paying steam companies, if they will extend with the company to Rio de Janeiro, vie Lisbon and intermegjte porta, and be the means of trade. The line of steamers called Lugo Brazilian, lately commenced be- tween this port and Lisbon, has, thus far, largely suc- ceeded, and the steamer Dona Maria Il. has, ere this, paid for herself, and ise great favorite-always fall of eight and pasiengers, | (ne more stedmer has been built to rum in this new line, called Don Pedro II., which comprises all that will be before the close af the Rossian war—after which, I retand, this company propose to purchase another steamer. On the 21st inst., by particular request of @ captain of one of eur merchantmen, I accompanied him to the Rio Prison. Our object, was, to see Spencer, who stands in- icted, under suspicion, for the murder of Capt. Frazer, of the Sea Witch. We arrived at the main entrance to & large paved yard, met an armed who pointed us to the departments where the natal ‘were confined. After passing what appeared togsundry offices on our feft and right, a high wall in frott of us told we were atthe prison. We concluded not to make known to Spencer that our object was to see him. When we came to the ates, we looked intoa room, about 30 by 70 feet, and fore our eyes, ax near aw I ean fudge, were about eighty prisoners of all colors, an’ of every grade of crime, to appearances, To our astonishment, the first that came within speaking distance of us, was poor McClain, late mate of the Bay City, to whose story we listened ‘with interest and pain, as be has suffered up to this date in prison, and was in the hospital 160 days. McClain still remains in prison, without money, and our friend the captain, opened his purse and gave some to him, to as- Hist in adding to his comfort. MeClain says he don’t know what they want with him, if he is to be tried; why not try him before he dies? I don’t know what to think of this business. There is @ screw loose somo- Where, While McClain was relating his | story Spencer made his appearance and asked the captain some questions, when, partially recognizing bim, he stated that be had some wriling to do, and left us and sat down at alarge table in the centro of the room. Thus we pissed one ofthe most painful hours, in seeing elghty-odd uman beings in one room waiting the tribunals to call Meclain bas, i guilty: 1 belone, paid ho debt, by belog eUlain it jove, iebt, by being s0 long confined ‘beforé having been tried; and i have re- solved to try to aid him in his releaso, for he appears to be quite intelligent, and I trust our authorities at Wash- ington will look into this matter. Such a state of things would. not exist here if either Henry A. Wise or Ingham were here. Iden’t censure our Minister in this court, for he is a good man, but in ill health. But our Secretary should act. Who is right in this matter I do not pretend to know, but I find, from the police report, published in the Jornal do Comercio of this city, April’ $0, 1855, that Thomas McClain, ex-mate of the American bark Bay City, was taken prisoner, by requisition, by his Consul, for dis order. . We learn, through the press of 24th ins‘ant, that a new line of steamers, four in number and 600 tons each, are to run between Antwerp, Belgium and Rio de Janeiro, to commence sometime hereafter. Rothschilds, of Paris, are engaged in this company. ‘The contract with the Bel gian government is for twenty years. The governmen| pay annually & large sum to this Ine, nelosed please find a report of the President of the Amazon Navigation Company, which is the most interest- ing paper ever published association, and will give more information of the rising prosperity of the Amazon country than any book of travels on that river or its tri- butarics. ‘Tain document Ihave not time to translate, but forward it in the Portuguese language. Our Kansas Correspondence. Atchison, Kansas Territory. Kansas—The Martyr Reeder !~The Election of Delegate— Schemes of Abolitionists—Threals of Resistance to Laws. Sickness and:pressing engagements have prevented my giving you heretofore, as I desired, correct intelligence touching the doings in this Territory. Although it would be beyond the power of an army of correspondents to re- fute every falsehood concocted by the abolitionists, i nity it bave given you trae statements of the leading in- cidents. I hope to have better health and more leisure, and'propose keeping you somewhat “posted” hereafte:. We “ruffians” had already learned that to steal a negro was, by abolitionists, esteemed worthy all praise— that with them a negro thief was a hero—a philanthr:- pist—but were somewhat surprised to find an equal mec i of praise extended to a swindler of the poor Indian ! Reeder was removed for cheating the poor half breed. This was his sole offence in the eye of the President av Mr. Marey! He fell—nota victim to Atchison and Strin~ fellow—he was not sacrificed to the ‘“‘slave power’— was not murdered by “border ruffians’’—he fell, ‘‘seal 1 and tomahawked,”” by the Kaws, the most degraded 0. ...1 the Indians ! For attempting to swindle them he was removed! F this he is a martyr—for this he is worshipped by abc tionists. A queer code of morals theirs, in the estimati. of “border ruffians.” Stealing negroes, cheating In- dians, the abolition standard of moral amd political cellence! These are they who denounce us as ‘‘ruffians.”’ ‘We are proud to receive their denunciations, Is ‘+ trange that we should be unwilling to have such mea among us’—that we should pass laws to punish them? We cannot hope to compete with them in ch and stealing, and must protect ourselves by laws prohibitiu rach pursuits. ‘As you have seen, Gen. Whitfield, late delegate, i egain a candidate—at the last election without a nomina fon—now as the nominee of the pro-slavery party. A attempt was made by certain broken down free scilers to organise a rty under the nar of national democracy, The shrewd squatters at onc enquired—What have we to do with national politic: Cur voice can neither be heard in nor in con- vention, We can neither by voice or vote help whig or democrat. But we have local matters committed to us Let us attend to our own business. When we become @ State, and have a right to take part, it will be time enough to o1 ize. The whole movement was a failure. They could not muster enough even ‘‘in the brush’’ to call ita convention. They were driven to beg a candidate. One announced himsel!. He and his friends met Whit- field three times, when such was the feeling evinced }\y the sovereigns that he withdrew, and be and all lus friends are now active for Whitfeld, The aboiitionists, in pursuance of the loud sounding call for a convention to frame a free State constitution, met, and concluded it was better to resolve themsel\ vs into @ convention to nominate a candidate for Congress Reeder, the martyr, was selected; and as they knew they had no ebance te elect him legaliy, they resolved to have an election of their own—all to themselvyes—on a diffe>- ent day from that fixed bylaw. Of course he will be elected, And may we not look to see him get his seat? We have reason to believe they act under advice and ledges from members of the House of Representatives. ‘bat would be the result? The abolitionists about Law- rence have, in many public meetings, resolved to treat the laws enacted by the late Legislature as nullities; armed with the guns shipped from the East, they have re: Jar drills, and pledge themselves to resist their execution. Reeder sustains them, though he dare not veature out of their lines, and even there acts secretly. He cannot be tempted to’ meet Whitfield. The Supreme Court has declared the lawa valid. Governor Shannon is pl br that hey, ee Ae friends are quiet— the first act of resi . I need hard, Will then be done. ‘The laws wil be enforeeas 7? "Ht I am writing from the town of Atchison; a town situ: edon the extreme western bend of the Missouri, and already become the starting point of all the western trade and emigration to Utah, Oregon and Calitornia; It popes f commands all the trade of the Territory from the capital west, being the nearest point on the Missouri; from Lecompton, the capital, it is not exceeding thirty miles. The trade to the West is already incredibly Iarge= the Mormons alone, last spring, started (including trad- ersto Utah) not less than one thousand ons. Even the Indian is heavy. One trader 1s now starting a train of thirty-five wagons to the Indian country, near Fort Laramie. These are not two horse teams, but wi , Which take from five to six thousand pounds of relght, drawn by six yoke of oxen. You can thus form ‘8 gueré at the trade of a town but a fow months old, It has not been puffed into an unhealthy growth for mere speculation, but has labored under great dificulties in lomber and mechanics until lately, and is far the actual present demands of its trade. It ix a beautiful site—healt with fine water, and inexhaus- ‘iis question of blue awe, oe best ‘building stone. in ini are le] itumin A coal, ofexcelient quality. pity Mh I did not sit down to write abont towns, and only re- ferred to this, as I am satisfied it must become the most a commercial point west of St. Louis. with your permission, to follow this with a serien of articles on the acta of the Kansas Legislature, with a view to show how such papers as the National In- teltigencer can lend themselves to abolitionists, in de- nouncing as “new, monstrous and unbeard of’? acts which have been in force in the old States for years. T select your because “everybody reads it,” and 1 will thus have the best chance to exten the clreulation of truth, and rebut falsehood. SQUATIER, Visit to Blackwell's Island. INTERESTING EKETCH OF WHAT WAS SEEN. Tt was ten o'clock when we left the landing at Belle- vue Hospital, and our boat began to creep towards the island, hugging the shore to avoid the force of the flood. ‘The old East river, quietly rolling between its beautiful banks, and washing, at every few yards distance, some substantial evidence of urban life, looked more like one of the poetic rivers of Europe than an arm of the sea in this land of gigantic proportions and mammoth growths. One could have heard it called the Saone or Loire without much surprise. A few minutes’ pull, and we land on the island. Every- body—or at least everybody who has got drank in the streets, been to Boston, or stolen a handkerchief—knows that there are five public institutions on the island, un- der one head—the Ten Governora of the Almshouse. The first of these—taking them in geographical order, beginning at the southwest end—ia the Penitentiary Hos- pital. Further westward, on the point of the island, stands a handsome, half-finished edifice—constructed of stone quarried by prisoners—which iy to be @ smallpox hospital: but as there are no patients in it, nor windows nor doors, it need not detain us. Beyond the Peniten- tiary Hospital, the Penitentiary stretches many a roog; and beyond this again are the Almshouses, ad fe- male. Then comes the workhouse, and lastly, at the northeastern end of the island, stand the Lunatic Asy- Jum ard the grimly barred Madhouse. In these five ea- tablishments dwell, on a fair average, 9,500 of God’s creatures, to witi—rogues, fools, cripples and prosti- tutes, Tn the Penitentiary Hompital, she frst building we visited, there are 300 patients, Of these, as usual, 233 are females, We presume that the public is aware that this hospital is the only one where an infortunate street walker can obtain medieal treatment gratuitously, It is The refuge, the netural home of the Cyprian. It is here she loses the last relic of virtue, in her youth ; it is often here ahe dies in her premature old age. Like the St. Tazare of Paris and the Old Compter of London, the “island” isa bourn which these frail daughters of Eve first dread, then hope for, and lastly regard with some. thing of the affection inspired by ‘a quiet home. Poor creatures! Even into this awful place admission can- not be obtained gratuitously. When the loathing inspir- ed by the name of hospital is overcome, and the young girl resolutely makes up her mind for the first time to seek refuge there, she discovers that the law of this Christian lend closes the door upon ber. unless she be criminal as well a8 unfortunate! She must bea thief as well a8 @ prostitute to obtain admission, She may be on the verge of death; friendless, homeless, and—for such a thing may be, as the hospital wards now prove—stain- lean; abe cannot enter that hospital unless she break some other law than the one which probibite disorderly living. Hence it happens that as in London, where poor crea- tures used in the like case to break a window inorder to ob- tain the necessary relief of a course of medical treatment, the eame class here go before a magistrate and confess themselves guilty of some offence in order to be committed. There are known, in the dialect of the bospital, as the (self-committed cases.”” According to the report of Inst year, only 11 per cent of the total number of patiente were court prisoners. The rest, it is fair toinfer, were, with few exceptions, un- fortunate women, committed on their own false confes- sion, in the hope of obtaining medical treatment. Is it not & burning shame that these women, who—for the matter of honesty-—may have been as honest as the jylge on the bench or the parson in the pulpit, should be dm- elled by our law to obtain a condemnation to a peniten- jary before they can enter @ hospital, and herd with the pickpocket and the thief, in order to come under the eye of a doctor? A pretty thing for vain-glorious writers to boast about, that in this country the law provides relief for the felon, but none for the honest; cares wisely for the pains of the wretch who has lived by stealing, but haw no compassion for the pcor creature whose only fault has been weakness or folly! A glorious reflection to think that in New York the body ean only be cured by cor- rupting the mind, and that the price paid by a diseased eblia for medical attendance in a public institution is the total ruin of her morals by association with the most de- praved of her sex! Some day, perhaps, these things will be reformed, and disease—not crime—will be the only condition juired of applicants for admission to the Biackwell’s Island hos- pital. Reform is already at work, Two ears go there was no ventilation in the hospital, and the consequence was that in bad weather, when the windows could not be opened, the atmosphere of the wards was alone suflicient to counteract any medioul treatment. “Now, thanks to the energy and ability of Messrs. Tiemann and Draper, a committee of the Board of Ten Governors, a cumplete and scientific system of ventilation has been introdaced throughout the building. In the upper story of each wing a fire-proof chamber hax been constructed, terminat- ing above the roof of the building in a lofty perforated ehaft; within this chamber burns a furnace day and night. From it a network of pipes communicates to every corneraf the hospital, ‘The heat of the furnace draws the foul air from the tubes, and its own specific gravity aye inage imperfect that th 'O years ago, rai ‘was so im} ie contents of tas sewers remalived Clos uindee the wetltthe, or if they were carried down, were punctually brought back by the tide. Now, large and properly built fowers bave been substituted. and in ease of stoppage, & small Niagara can be forced through them from the tanks on the top of the building. The effect of these two im- provements ia, that in the most crowded ward the air is as pure as in any office in this city. Ina new and de- {ached building. a very large steam boiler bas been d, and adjoining {t are twosteam pumps of the most approved construction, and of fabulous power, which draw both river amd fresh water, forcing it into tanks in the main hospital for the purpose of completely flooding the sewers and closets at stated intervals, an’ furnishing an abundant supply ft and cold) for the numerous baths scattered through the wards, and for flooding the hospital in case of fire. The cooking and washing arrangements, all new and very well contrived, :re in the same building as the boiler and machinery. Another laudable novelty in the Penitentiary hospital, is the new ie of recording the business of the insti- tution, introduced by the present resident physician, Dr. ‘Wm. W. Sanger. @ statistics collected in this depart. ment—which show the age, calling, nativity, habits, cu» dition, and even the size, of every patient admitted—must eventually throw a flood ot light on the difficult problems connected with the subject vo! im pm Not the least of the services they have rendered already is the proving that over seventy-six Be cent of the paupers and crimi- nals received on the Irland are foreigners, and seventy per cent of these Irish. ‘Altogether the hospital looks very different from the establishment one used to see. The grounds are cleaned up, and kept in order. The garden is neat. Everything looks clean, and even the patients have nothing repulsive about them. Those who recollect the old Penitentiar; hospital could not visit it now without paying a high tri- bute to the resident physician, Dr. Sanger, and to the committee of the Ten Governors who have it in charge. In passing from the Hospital to the other buildings we noticed with some surprise that thou the prisoners seemed to roam about the island in perfect freedom, and the shores on either side were not 46 distant that a good swimmer need be afraid of trying to cross, there were no ards to be seen. We inquirea from our cicerone how They dispensed with so necessary a class of officials, The question seemed to strike our companion as an entirely new one. He was puzzled, and remained silent for a few moments ; then he observed mildly : “There are two guards—one on each side the island— armed with muskets.’” ‘We observed, as gently as we could, that we wouldn’ mind, for a consideration, letting @ man have a shot at us from even half the distance between the spot where the men were at work and the guard’s post. And we in- quired whether the shooting was pretty brisk, and the guards much overworked, Cur friend replied that he never heard of their shootin; y One, nor it was he quite certain their muske'- re loaded, PI it was the mera! effect of theic presence which restrained the prisoners from escaping. ‘This was indeed s triumph of moral force, and we pro mised ourselves to visit the guards, so as to assure our- telves whether there was anything unusually imposing in their aspect or their costume. Passing along, we came to the place where the prison- ers were busy digging out # reservoir, under the eyes of the warden and several keepers or turnkeys, They were in fine condition and looked healthy. It dil strike us that their movements were slow, and that they did noi jostle each other, or run any risk of damaging the peni- tenilary clothing by indecent haste or over exerhion. We inquired of our companion how long they worked. He said they began at seven in the and \t till twelve; went to work again at one, and wrought til! half-past five—all ther nine hours anda half. Odd, we thought, that the starving mechanics and —— of Great Britsin and parts of the United States should have i ives in endeavoring to procure the passage ‘h should limit their oy toil to ten hours, while these stout, burly fellows are only required to labor nine and a half. We went on, and entered the building. Each man has his own cell—an airy, cool in summer, and com- fortably warmed in winter, The bed was such as « doctor woutd prescribe for his patient—the clothing clean and suitable. Opposite the cells stood the dinner table. We inquired who Was the usual fare of the prisoners t “Oh!” said our guide, ‘they have salt meat one day and fresh the pag ted fellows!” Ve pitied them from the bottom of our hearts, Warmly lodged, cleanly a ly worked, © to lead a life that ensures nt health, and ‘as Our friend said, on corned beef one day and fresh beef the next— their fate might well bring a tear to the eye of'a sym- ier. PaDon't you think,”’ said we to our guide, ‘‘that the al are very comfortable here—more #0 than they we:v they came?—in fact, that a few months on thr island is a pleasant recreation in the life of a thief or vagabond, to be looked forward to with pleasure, and (. be regretted when the obdurate m ins turning him away!” ' ‘And we thought of the ‘moral force’ which fenable | the two guards to control several hundred men. “Sir,” said our companion, in a low voice, and evident! of being heard, “if! was lsoner On this island, 1 wouldn't let myselt be turned away when my term was out. The fellows whe do come here mostly try to get us to keep "em; but we can’t, you know, our accom. modations being Hmited. If we bad room enough, sir, believe we'd only have to lift aur ir, and all the ras. cals in New York would come of |r own accord and settle down here with us.” ‘The Almahouse and Workhoure resemble similar insti- tutions in every of the world. In the former, the most affecti was the children’s ward. Many of the poor little creatures were perfectly beautiful, though their mothers were as repulsive looking creatures as can be seen. We were shocked, in passing through, by the indifference of one mother to the sufferings of her child— ry little fevered 9 who was evidently driven uy. the files which sottied on its face, while the Sattar ebefeh halty withs Womse si @ distance’ An cording to our informant, this lack of the motherly feel- ing is quite common among the emigrants who inhabit the institution; it is not unusual, for instance, for an Irish mother to drink the milk ordered by the doctor for her sick child. ‘We went through the building where the women sen- tenced to the Workhouse are kept employed. every one else on the Irland, they seemed in very ‘temper, on and well pleased with their condition. They are em- ployed in the manufacture of porte monpaies and similar articles; and their labor ia farmed out by the Ten Go- tune oom enterprising phi who pays ies ong & day per woman—tit bein, aqyeea no’ 5 poo S wane vo a py 2 a month. tt range to ® © that when a woman’s labor in thecity is notoriously worth fifty cents per day, the Ten Governors shou’d be giad to sell the same commodity for a shilling. Pesbaps their raw material is notof a saleable character. ‘The Lunatic Asylum ia the last and the best known in- stitution on the irland. It is ly crowded with Visiters, who are only distinguished fect the inmates of the establishment by their dress and tneir stupid air of wonder, Among the insane women, few seem unhappy. Most of them bad a pleased look, or perhaps a giggle for the doctor, whose presence among them was owfeny a treat, Nothing could be more besutiful than the gentle kindnes# with which Dr. Smith—one of Dr. Ranney’s as- sirtants—accosted the poor cieatures, listened to their chattering, and explained thelr infirmities. One of them had been an inmate of the asylum tor several years, and had never been known to +peak except when an aunt visited her. It appeared thot her sister had gone mad before her, and had dicd in the asylum. She was an in- cessant talker. (n one occasion, when the present occu- pant of the cell visited her, she observed yuietly :—1 shall go mad some day, Iknow; but I hope I shan’t say ‘a6 many foolich things as my sister.” She has kept her word. All the efforts of the ene doctors and nurses have never elicited from her a syllable. J. B Court of General Sessions. Before Recorder Smith. TRIAL OF JAMES HUDSON FOR THE MURDER OF ROBERT HAMILTON. ‘Wednesday morning a mulatto man, named James Hud- son, was placed on trial in the Court of Sessions, charged with the murder of Robert Hamilton (also colored), in a grocery store on the corner of Chrystie and Delancey streets, on the night of the 25th of August last, between 11 and 12 o’clock. The prisoner is a stout, well built man, a rather light mulatto, and was attended in court by H. T. Clinton, as his counsel The District Attorney, . A. O. Hall, conducted the prosecution in person, TI Court room was not very much crowded, it not being cere known that a murder trial had been set down After bf jury were empannelled, the District Attorney arose and made a statement of the case, deceased and the prisoner met ina grocery store on the corner of Chrystie and Delancey streets, some words cig bel tween them, the prisoner stabbed the deceased, Robert the effects of the Hamilton, who died immediately, from wound inflicted. saidy Tam 6, phypilan aus, gunecaly: erpioyed hy the : Tam a cian; am gi .y emp! e elty Coroners; jaw the body of Hamilt 4% at Basex Mar- ket Police station, on the 26th August last; I found a wound in the lower portion of the neck, just’ above the breast bone. The wound was one inch and a quarter in length and two inches deep; death was caused by the hemorr! roduced by the wound in the neck ; deceased appeared ve been a healthy man; he had apparently been dead ten or twelve hours, when | saw him. cae € craig amaen a ag 2 ig Wlaed King ape , always produees death; in my judgment no medical treatment could have saved him. fo the Recorder.—It would not have required a very powerful blow to inflict this wound. Bernard Duffy was the next witness examined.—] am a policeman of the Tenth ward; I saw Hudson on the night of the murder of Hamilton; he was in company with the deceased; I was coming from the Bowery, and they were walking from Chrystie street; I heard ‘he prisoner ‘gay he would kill Hamilton; they crossed over I crossed over to meet them; when they got to the sidewalk the prisoner raised a knife and struck ton; I went after him and he crossed over on the other side where he came from; I then arrested him; he still nad the knife in his hand; the man who was stabbed fell instantly and died; when I first observed these men fa te) within ten feet ot me; deceased was a-head. (The District Attorney here showed the witness a large meat knife, about « foot in length:) this knife now shown me is the one which the prisoner held in his hand; 1 recognise it by Ser jg the blade; T heard Asati pl say to the deceased, re he struck him, “I will kill you, you d—d —”’ something; the blow wag then struck, and the Rrlaoner fell; the prisoner ad- mitted to me that he struck the blow. Mr. Clinton objected to admitting as evidence what the deceased said. ‘The Court overruled the objection. Witness continued—The prisoner said to me he had struck the blow; he then threw away the knife; J told a man to pick it up; the prisoner went quietly with me to the station house; I did not see that the deceased moved after the blow was struck; as soon asI had se- ba the prisoner, I went to the deceased and found him lead. Toa Juror—They had a kind of tussle, but I saw no blows given. To the Court—The prisoner caught hold of the deceased; the deceased turned round and faced the prisoner; the blow was then struck. ‘The crors-examination by Mr. Clinton did not elicit anything in variance with the above testimony. 'o the District Attorney—I did not see have any weapon; be had none in his hand. Samuel B. ‘k sworn—I Itve at 18244 Bowery; saw risoner and on the night of occurrence; ey were clinched together and wrangling on the ide walk; I heard some person say—“TI'l kill you, God damn you; I went to ascertain the difficulty; by the time I came up with the parties the deceased was lying on the sidewalk; the officer had by this time arrested the pri- goner; a German picked up the knife and handed it to me; the knife now shown me is similar to the one picked up; { cannot swear that it is the same; the knife was handed to me I went to look at the ‘deceased; he was lay- ing stretched out; I cannot say whether he was dead or not; he did not move. Cross examined by Mr. Clinton—I was about 150 feet from the parties when I saw them clinched; the scuffie was the first thing that attracted my attention; I cannot tell which was the greater force; they were both standing up when they wrestled; I don’t know which of them said, ‘I'll kill you;” this was said after they got on the sidewalk; the struggle lasted about a minute; they continued struggling until the deceased ell: I did not go at once to the |, but first to where the officer was making the arrest; the officer was about 100 feet from deceased when he fell; the officer ran after the prisoner; I do not recollect whether it wasa moonlight night or not. Charles Weller (a colored man) sworn.—I live at 14% Chrystie street; I knew the deceased and the prisoner; I had known them both for six years; I first saw them on the 25th of August last in a grocery store; they were talking together about something;. they then had a drink ther ludson then sat down and Hamilton began ing; risoner would not answer; I then went upon 1 stoop; five minutes after Hamilton came out ani went towards the Bowery; he picked up something and came back; he looked in at the open window of the store and threw something in; Hudson then made a noise in the store; I went in and heard Hudson accusing another man of throwing tomatoes at him; I told him that was not the man who tomato; I told him it was Hamilton; he turned round and saw Hamilton looking in at the window; after he saw Hamilton, he turned round and looked at his shirt and coat, which was covered with tomato; he then said, “Any man who will do that is a a—d son of a b—h;” the prisoner then went out, and I saw and heard no more until I heard that Hamilton was dead. To the Court—It was about three minntes after Hudson went out that J heard Hamilton was dead. To the District Attorney—I am well acquainted with the store; I remember the meat stand; it is on the De- lancey street ride, near Delancey street door; prisoner went out of that door; Hudson left the store at a quick pace; I did not follow him; I belong to an association of which deceased and prisoner were members; it is called Laborers’ Benevolent Association; it is a public associa- tion; there bad been a difficulty between prisoner and deceased about a year this occurrence; they both held office in the society; Hamilton was cash- ier, apd prisoner was secretary; Hamilton left the society six months before this occurrence; the difficulty between prisoner and deceased arose out of money matters con- nected with the ae) there was no other difficulty when prisoner was struc! the tomato. To the Court—After I told the prisoner it was Hamilton who threw the tomato, he said he was ‘‘a d—d son of a b—b,”’ and started quickly to go out. Cross-examined by Mr. Clint The prisoner was al- lowed to be a peaceable, quiet man; prisoner generally treated deceased to drinks; the deceased was of a quar- relrome disposition; the prisoner had made charges against deceased about not paying over some money in his hands; I think that two tomatoes were thrown. Herman Boorman sworn—I keep the grocery store on the corner of Chrystie and Del streets; I was there when the tomato was thrown at Hudson; I saw the smearings of the tomato on the er clothes; the prisoner then got up and went out of the store; I think ewent out immediately. Nothing new was learned from this witness. % ‘The ease was here opened on behalf of the defence. Frederic Sturges was the first witness examined—He said he had known the prisoner for about six years; he had been in their employ, ‘witness was of the firm of Stur- Res. Bennet & Co., in Front street; he had always es- emed him asa peaceable, quiet man. ‘The Court adjourned till ih o'clock to-day. SECOND Day. On Thursday morning this case was summed up, and given to the jury. The prisgmer eame into court at 11 o'clock, in appearance being the same as on the day be- fore. Mr, Clinton commenced summing up for the de- fence at 11 o'clock, and ended a little atter 120'clock. The District Attor then the jury for the eople, and spoke about an hour and a ‘when the hecorder charged the Jury and. they retired about three o'clock, and not being abl discharged late in the day. deceased Seconp ascENsION OF Mr. WincupsterF gaRrut APPREHENSIONS. a Mr. mate a balloon uscension from Norwalk on Tuesday. He commenced in- flating his balloon early in the morning, and at 2 P. M. stepped into the car, and cut loose fromearth. The bal- loon roge rapidly, and in five minutes passed into the clouds out of view. The wind was light, and at the time he passed into the clouds his course was due cast. passing over Berlinville, an indication that the balloon met with a northeasterly current, which would take Mr. W. over the lake Ja the ctreotion ment says:—‘« At the time of putting our paper (Friday evening) three days have elapsed since the ascen- sion was made, and as there have been no tidings received from Mr. Winchester, the most rife ax to his fate, When he started, he said to go higher and further than an: tothink of going. It is feared by some that up into the * upper current’’ the intense prevails in that region soon and that he was frozen to death. Others 3 3 E E ‘ Z this fall, and landed near Hudson. He rose to the he! of aver 20,000 feet, and waa so cold at one time ax to come sleepyand insensible, and when he next observ- ed the thermometer the mercury indicated 6 deg, below zero.—The bags of sand in his balloon were frozen hard. Cleeand Herald Oct. 8. —_— — $$ ee Court of Oyer and Terminer. Before Hon. Judge Roosevelt. THE CASE OF THE INDICTED ALDERMEN. ‘The following is the written opinion of the Court in re- fusing the motion to quash the indictments agsinst the members of the Common Couneil:— ‘The defendant stands charged by the Grand Ji the offence of violating the statute’ agaiant bribery. ao stead of pleading not guilry, he moves, as he has a right to do, to quarh the indictment, for alleged irregularity in its inception. Such motions, founded on mere affidavits, aye sometimes entertained as informal substitutes for pleas inabatement. Where there is no dispute about facte, the practice is both allowable and convenient. But where the facts are controverted, or, as in this case, not admitted, a motion which, in criminal p: allows of no summoning or oral examining or aimining of witnesses, is wholly inadequate. A plea in ‘abatement is the only proper course, On that a formal iseue may be joined, to be tried in the same manner as. other issues of fact. But even a plea—much less an in- formal motion on affidavite—eannot be received for tria unless duly verified. No such plea, says the statute, (2 R. 8., 731,) ‘or other dilatory ples to an indicument, shall’be received by any court, unless the party offering such plea shall prove the truth thereof by affidavit or by gome other evidence.” How, then, can the Court not only receive, but grant a dilatory motion, where the ac- cused simply swears that he is informed and believes that one of the Grand Jurors was not qualified, and that the whole body were guilty of permitting what the +s ecused ® gross irregularity? Does such. n affidavit of belief prove the truth of the thing believed? If Mr. Garter, the resided at Flushing instead of Nev ‘York, where was the: difficulty in procuring a positive affidavit to that effect? cross-ex- In the absence of such proof, so easily obtained by the accused iftrue, is it not the fair, as well as the legal pre- tumption, that a citizen ly selected, drawn and regula: sworn, according to all the forms ioe asa grand juror, actually resided in the county for which he was drawn? Is the mere belief of the accused—it will be observed he does not even give the uame of any informant, sworn or unsworn—to outweigh the sworn selection, first of the Commissioner of Jurors, and then of the board, composed efthe Mayor, the presiding hip goal the Supreme end Superior Courts and the Court of Common Pleas, and the two Judges of the General Seasions?—especially when the law says (Laws of 1852, p. 969) that ‘the persons whose names shall be contained in such list (the list made out by the officers just ee shall be eligible to serve ax Grand Jurors;’’ and that no person shall be sammon- ed “except his name be included in the list’? so selected? May it not even be doubted whether the qualifications of a grand juror, thus trie! and adjudicated by a tribunal— —or rather by two successive tribunals—created for that express and sole purpose, can be quéstioned collat for any alleged error, whether of fact or law, even if established ny. peste affidavit? So much for the com- position of the Grand Jury. As to the alleged irregu- rity of allowing the presence and interference of Mayor Wood, the District Attorney his statement being that of a sworn officer, is as good as the bel of accused—that he was the person, and not the Mayor; that he was lawfully present; and that Tis aaviee was lawfully asked and lawfully given, And what was the advice, even if given by the Mayor? The Mayor, we are to presume, in the a’sence of any al- legation to the contrary. wan in the grand jury room as a witness, when Waring, the o:her witness, came in. Waring, it seems, was un unwilling witness for the prose cution. He objected to testifying, “on the ground that hie testimony woud criminate himself.” The Mayor there- upon (if it was the Maycr and not the District Attorney) “took up ® book and read from and explained the s'a- tute,” &., and Waring testified under that influence, and on his testimony the indictment was found. Now, the statute referred to—wbich was the new bribery act of 1852—deolares that offenders aguinst its provisions may be compelled to testify the same manner as other persons,” provided that the testimony so given—or more used at ere, speaking, extracted—sball never hem, And this in effect. was all that was said to War- ing, “But the advice, it is urged, was not law, because the statute, 1t is said, was not constitutional, I will Bot go into the argument on this point. It is plansible I admit, but it is not strong enough, especially on such a mere motion, to justify me in annulling a statute, and in behalf of a party whose constitutional rights—if, inva- sion there was—were not invaded. That no man be compelled to criminate himself is a provision to protect him, and not his co-transgressor; and it is he, the wit- nest, and he only, that.can or ought to shelter himself bebind the shi And if from misapprebension or'any ecm eee eee eee LJ je, © injury, a int of view, ‘AD! is bis, ar a ae testimony thus obtained may? {n Ita consequences, damage third partion; but as to them iG 5 bevel je in of wet, Ser rion} ut not wron; ‘No person (says constitution; ial be comtalied tn any Sctaniaal alse to" boa witoees against himself.” If Waring, therefore, as is intimated, became a witness on compulston—mo: or physical—-we may safely rely on the good faith of the public suthori- tien to nee that his testimony, in no way, directly oF indl- rectly, shall be used against him. It will be time enough to protect him when he, and not another, asks for protec- tion. On neither ground, therefore—the alleged, or rather the believed, non-residerice of the juror, or the suj irregularity in the jury room—on neither ground is sufficient matter in the affidavits to warrant the court in quashing the indictments, United States District Court. Before Hon. Judge Ingersoll. CHARGE AGAINST A POLICEMAN FOR OBSTRUCTING A CUSTOM HOUSE OFFICER. Oct. 10.—The United States vs. Dennis 7% fendant in this case is charged with obstruc Alexan- der Isaacs, & Custom Houre officer, in the execution of his duty on board the American ship Racer, while dying. at anchor in the North river, New York, on the 1 eptember last. The facts are, that Tracey went on board he ship Racer by direction of the Commissioners of Emi- gration, and Isaacs went on board in his position as Cus- tom House officer. While the latter was in the perform- ance of his duty, searching the trank of a female pemen: ger, the defendant came up and interfered with him, reying that he had searched the trunk enough, and «rdered him to desist. Isaacs told him he was a Custom House officer; defendant said he did not care, and if he mo in searching the trunk he would put him in rons. Alexander Isancs being sworn and examined by the District Attorney, deposed to the defendant interfering with him when examini Desens, and his having hea to put him taconbs take him to the ‘omba. asked the witness Mr. Develin, on cross-examination what occupation he was in previous to his being a Custow use 5 The District Attorney objected to the question. Mr. Develin desired ‘to show that the witness was an emigrant runner, and that he was interested in defeati: the objects of the Commissioners of Emigration, and 80, the jury would see how much value was to be put on his testimony. The Court permitted to ask the witness whether he was at that time e in any other business. Witness then said that he was in no other business but that of Custom House officer, nor had he been since he ‘was appointed; the Racer was an emigrant vessel from London; did not ask any of the passengers if were gcing out West, nor advise them where to not assault Tracey; put his finger on Tracey’s collar when he interfered, and told him he (witness) was an officer of the United States government; witness received the ap- pointment from Mr. Bronson, when he was Collector of the port; has no other appointment. Officer Campbell was on board at the time, but did not see the interference of Tracey, but Isaacs came and told him of it, and witness told him he was doing ag’ # wrong, upon which he said he would serve witness the same way; witness told Tracey that be had no right between decks and desired him to go about his business. office and re-aj ited by} case Mr. Fave ry int was reserved for argument, but the jury but there by Mr. Red- field, th ‘panes Collector e defendant guilty. found Changes in the Stations, d&., of Navy Officers on SI Daty. hore At the Portsmouth (N.H.) navy yard, Commander Pickering, recently pane, ert Feiss Pearson, also recently promoted and y has been ordered to that yard, in place of romoted. Boston yard, Commander Theo. P. Green, re- cently promoted, takes’ the of Captain Selfridge, alto recently promoted and t. Charles 8. Commander been ordered t> take the com- in William S. Walker, recently promoted an Commander Charles (ren, re- cent; has been detached from that shi; ‘At the New York navy yard, Commander John De- Camp, recently promoted en the of Captain Hud. BOD, Iso recen' rom al oI eat. J. W. ‘A. Nicholson bas been ordered t yard. At the Philadelphia yurd, Corumander 8. W. Godon, re- cently, promoted, has been detached. Lieuts, Wm, iton- kendorif and Wm, W. Roberts bave been ordered to that yard. On the receivi at Philadelphia, Commander Win. ia has been ordered to the 8. Y b command’ In plage ‘of Capt, Frederick Bogle recently fed and detached, tx. J. Hogan Brown m. E, Hopkins have been ordered to that vessel. ol ihe cenienvons, ot FhlleGeie, Commenter, Sake eldsborough, recently promoted, takes the place of Capt. oted 3 Hollins, also recently prom’ and At the, Baltissons. Commander Charles H. Poor has been ordered to Place of Capt. Samuel Barron, recently promoted and detached. On receiving ship at Norfolk, Commander John R. Tucker takes the place (in Commanier John Manning, detached. Scrrs Agatnst THE CampEN axp Amnoy Rate RoaD.—Suits for damages have been commence! by the following named persons, sufferers by the —— tra; , against the Camden and sakes Tees _ an, eme Court of Mra, tots Phelpe, ipal of the Patapeco Institute, at FIM. cott’s-Milis, Md., brings suit in her own andas the mother of Jane P. Lincoln, who was killed; , Phe . Caughter above, > tevek childfen of Mr. -Atexander ey, of Phils delphi, ips, bis wite, in right of said Ret injured; James E. and Catharine Heisman, also isfaryaiccoeh in all, seven different parties, in addi. tion to thpre we have mentioned before.—. | tiver, Oxt. 8.