The New York Herald Newspaper, September 2, 1855, Page 3

AFFAIRS IN EUROPE. Gur Baden Correspondence. Bapuy-Bapan, August 7, 1855. Diplomatic Re-union at Baden—American Diploma” tists Prevented from Travelling—State of Things in the Crimea—Opinion of Prussian Officers in Regard to Sebastopol and its Capacity of Resis tance—Progress of the Campaign—Universal Desire for Peace— Position of Russia, the Allies and Austria, If there were a chance of seeing immediately any- ‘thing likely to affect the status quo in the Crimea, I should not have minded the cholera, which is raging in Italy, in order to move a little nearer to the thea- tre of war. Of late, however, all correspondents in the Crimea have been placed by the Commanderin- Chief, General Pelissier, under haute surveillance, so that the preas, even the English, must needs wait for the happening of events, before it can commu- nicate them to the public. While such a state of things lasts, Sebastopol, from its great distance, is a ‘worse place to correspond from than any other in Enrope; while mere matters of fact are communi- cated far abend of all letters, by telegraph. For a central position, therefore, such as this place affords —within twelve or fouteen hours from Paris, twenty- four hours from Berlin, and not more than two or three days from the Russian frontier, which evables ‘one to compare and collate Russian and French ac- counts—is perhaps, quite as eligible as any spot one can select. Besides, during the summer season, L Baden is Europe in miniature—the great re-union of all diplomatists, Princes, Sovereigns, and what not. Thus we have welcomed, within a short space of time, nearly all important families of Germany, Aus- tria and Prussia. We have had Prince Gortsc! the Prince and Princess of Prussia, heirs to the throne of Prussia, the wid Queen of Holland, the King of Wurtem! , the Regent of Baden, a dozen or so of Russian princes, and to-day we are favored with a visit from His Highness Prince Mus- tapha Bey, from Alexandria, Eg: We have been the rendezvous of the most notable military ollicers in Europe, we have secn Zephirs, Zouaves and Bads- chu-Bazouks, and we have given shelter to French, Bagiies and Russian officers, whose health and limba have suffered in the Crimea. One might travel a good distance before finding a place with 30 y Opportunities of information united in a toms man; space as Baden, or one where it is more eas) make acquaintances and cultivate those whicl valuable. People are not afraid of committing Themselves in a watering lace, where men be approached or avoided “without celyt giving or receiving ol » Besides, it is so easy, from here, to take Sine to the Rhine, to Holland, Belgium, Bavaria, ‘urtembarg or Switzerland—all in a few hours by railroad. In five hours you may be in Frankfort or Wiesbaden, in Mentz, or in Stuttgardt; in ten, you may be in Munich; in a day, in Brussels; in twelve hours in Paris, and so all round. From the old cae roe e Rhine, and a few hours railway t ing will bring you to the head waters of the Danube. Baden is indeed a grategicel position, being only an hour from the fortress of Rastadt, two hours from the French fortress of Stras| and in the immediate vicinity of the Black Forest, which is the Black Sea of Germany. Even some of our Washington diplomatists—-as, for instance, Baron Geroldt, Minister from Prussia to the United States —are now here in Baden, besides the rump of the old Ostend conference, in the shape of its late secre- tary, Colonel McRea, United States Consul to Paris. We expected Mr. Mason, our Minister in Paris; but the new diplomatic bill passed at the last session of Congress, seems to make great havoc with some of our! ministers and consuls abroad, which is pro- hably the reason why the last omnium gatherum of ‘them, comprising a goodly number of the dies minorum genttum, took place in Puris, in the month of June, which was done without damage to their pockets. Mr. Perkins, of La., the drawer of the bill, little expected that the abolition of the secret service money would deprive many of our unfledged or superanuated diplomatists of a goodly portion of their influence and usefulness. ings in the Crimea are stated to remain ‘un- changed,” but this is not true. They are ea cnanged. It cannot be said any longer that the Al- Nes are besieged; it is very plain that they are the besiegers. They have approached to within a couple of hundred feet of the very key of the Russian forti- fications, and now, for the first time, since Lam in Europe, the opinion of the most eminent Prussian officeis—m en whose views are certainly not biased by a predilection in favor of the allies—is expressed against the possibility of te dma! Sebastopol much longer. The defence of Sebastopol they say, depends not only on the skill of the in engineers, which it must be admitted, is at least equal to that of the French and English engineers; nor on the bravery of the besieged, ik hich oie has been — — by le fighting ramparts; but chiefly on the dimguity of vieipalling the place, and subsisting any considerable number of troops in the Crimea, without haying access to the sea. There is no internal navigation in Russia, (rivers like the Wolga being not yet navigated by steam,) so that the transports must travel immense distances in wagons, drawn by horses or cattle, who, in turn, are difficult to subsist on the steppes. The town or fortreas of Sebastopol, having been for seventy years in a position to an- swer as @ general depot of arms, ammunition and stores, had accumulated immense supplies; but these have gradually been consumed during the siege, and cannot be replaced as long 28 the allies are in force in the Crimea, and capable of enforcing a strict blockade of every Russian port in the Black Sca and the Sea of Azoff. The Black Sea, bee) almost a mare clansum is easily blockaded, and, in spite of the disasters of last winter, and the description of the ancients, is not nearly as destructive to naviga- tors as had been imagined. The French and Eng- lish ships will continue the blockade during the en- ig severe season; possessing now the advantages of @ year's experience, and a far better acquaintance with i bare and harbors than at any previous pe- war. jot ¥ nae saya the most experienced military men of Enroy "the alfies are determined to take Sebasto- ned nny they will take it; but the possession ‘Troy is not equivalent to holding the Criméa, and m determines the fate of the Rus- m pavy in the BI Sea. The advantage which the allics now have in victaaling their army and in the transport of ammunition by sea, they would lose the moment they attempt to pursne the Russians iuto the interior, where the tables would be reversed by the hordes of light Lae | which Russia can always command to harrass and perplex an advancing enemy. The fall of Sehasto- pol, therefore, would no more lead to an ignominious eace, on the, part of Russia, than that of Moscow in 812, The Russians would at once commence their old Scythian warfare, burning everything in their retreat, and reeeiag, the enemy by Cossacks in their flank and rear. There is no possibility of suc- cess for the French and English armies beyond the immediate vicinity of the shore. Russia knows this; hence her obstinacy, which is in proportion to her power of resistance. Without Austria or Prussia, or all Germany joining the allies in good fuith—not for the purpose of ne- gotiation, but for war—the invasion of Russia proper is an impossibility, even if Sweden and Denmark were to join the allies. Nay, more, it is doubtful whether even euch a coalition would effect the hami- Nation of Russia, or compel her to accept the terms of the victors. They might destroy Petersburg and Moseow, and Novogorod and Kasan, and what not; but in twenty years Russia would again be the threatening power of Europe. There are about forty millions who speak the Russian language ia Russia, and these cannot be put down or destroyed by any force the coalitionists could lodge in Rus- sia and seatter over its immense surface. Sach a monster invasion might exhaust the resources of the invaders, and begger and depopulate Central and Western Ew without destroy- ing either Russian natio or Russia's power ot resistance. There is no other way of render- ing Russia lees formidable, or picting the appre- hensions for the civilization of Earope,’ than civi- lizing her as fast as possible, in order to render her as peaceable, as indnstrions, as calm, and, perhaps, as effete as ber neighbors. Whether the present waris likel; to etvilize ber in that direction is extremely dow! sy i ae borne mes 68 yet ot a but al of that deserip.ion have the capa- Sista Le Taitiary, aod one are better cal fated to recruit an army. {t is the agrioultura districta of England, not the commercial and mana —— ones, that furnish troops for the British jegions. it while the menna of defence on the part 0° Russia, as far as the actual invasion of the empire is concerned, are inexhaustible, those of carrying on the war in ny ee ee re are not 40. cular g may fall. But fie Ea paid more for the possession of Calais in France than the lace was worth, and ovly pos sessed it to be driven ont of it. They may do the same in regard bmw Ane A Sebastopol, and the will, after all, recur, which of the belli; after the establishivent of re. eace, will be be: e to the indi by the war, and which ill dott in the jickest time? ‘There is no about the letter which the Em- press Dowager of Rassia bas written the Arch-Duch- ean Se , mother of Emperor Francis Joseph of Avat eae an etvaaann be mnsce ia in offi cial quarters to treat the whole as a myth. Such a letter was addressed to the Arch-Duchess: but it_hes failed thas far of producing the de- sired effec he letter reminded the Archd of the position of Austria in 1448, and what lassie t NEW YORK HER save her. Russian diplomacy was never it is at present, and it wasno doubt ith a view of disarming the openly expressed hos- Prince of Prussia that the latter was summoned by the same dowager lady, his sister, to St. Petersburg. wants peace as much a8 either France or England, and this leads to the hope that the Vienna conferences will soon be resumed. Whether the Ru:sians repel another attack on the Malakoff Tower, or whether the French take it— whether Sebastopol is able to defend itself, or whether it is taken, we shall have another Peace Conareen with what effect Heaven only knows. ile, everything seems to be preparing for & winter compel u in the Crimea. Ammunition, provisions, tents, huts, clothing and ital stores are accumulated on a Jarge scale, and armies will bein sight of each other while the diplomatists of the different Powers will be otiating for their uselessness. Austria, emboldened by the success of her last diplomatic mystification, is now aga ag | a Lew species of aimed neutrality, declaring throug! all the organs Slesals to. her, and not considered a3 official, that she is determined to insist on the four points stated in the treaty of 2d December, not only as far as Russia ia |, but also in regard to France and England. While she admits a certain latitude of interpretation of the third point, she does not consent to any additional conditions being im- yed on Russia, or to any concessions being made y Turkey to the allies, in the event of a Russian de- feat. Austria,'as yet, professes to adhere firmly to the quadruple alliance; but she begins to talk of condi- tions, and the time may come when she will be alarmed by the progress of the allies. When the Russians were in the Principalities, and threatened the Balkan and Constantinople, Austria was un- doubtedly sincere in her approach to France and England; now that the allies seem to have taken a strong footing in the Crimea, Austria being alarmed at every movement, at every approach to her own dominions, is more desirous of peace than the belli- gerents themselves. It is for this reason that she was 80 extremely anxious to have the German Diet acknowledge her endeavors to pacify Europe. Her ‘ition derived a moral support from the resolu- ion. T have already referred to the many templated by Austria in her inte: They can onl , be introduced in a state of peace. The army was eating her substance. It cost her $400,000 aday, while her credit was at its lowest ebb, and her bank notes lost twenty-cight cent against specie, Since the dismissal of a third of her whole ony, her effects have improved.and her discounts diminished. She wants peace—so does Prussia, 80 does all Europe. The most successfal war for the allies, it is admitted, cannot save Turkey; and the most reasonable peace that may now be concluded, cannot last over ten years, when the ‘sick man’ will have another fit. F.JI.G. Our Berlin Correspondence. Bsruin, August 1, 1855. The German Cuisine and us Effects upon the Mental Constitution of Man— Anglo French Sympathies of the Hamburgers and Hanoverians —Struggle between the Nobles and People of Hanover—The Route from Hamburg to Berlin— Military Aspect of the Latter City—Resources of the Prussian Monarchy— Monument of Korner— His Career and Writings—The Society of Ber- lin—Quietude of the Prussian People About the War—Appeals to the Religious Sentiment of Russia, $e. §e. Of the free and wealthy town of Hamburg I spoke but briefly in my last, nor have J now time even to describe a Hamburg dinner at table d'héte, which is as characteristic of the laxury of the towa asanything in it A calender patiently written, and not a human memory, would be alone sufficient to satisfy that large class who care not for a conclu- sion unless all the details are given by which the conclusion is justified. They will scarcely forgive me when I put them off by saying that nothing can be more sumptuous, that it is served with elegant art, and is an endless round of different drinks | and dishes, bringing into the constitution of mon the diversity of the three kingdoms of natvre—vegetable, mineral, animal. It oc- cured to me before its close, whether a problem in metaphysics might not be submitted to the seven wise men, not of Athens, but of the whole world, if the world at the present time can with any reason be supposed to contain that number, whose solution should account for a certain phase of charac- terso much celebrated in German literature, and of which Americans have heard much these several years, celled “ many-sidedness—a word often and perhaps quite justly applied to Goethe, and much used whenever and wherever great characters are being investigated. On the supposition that German culture has been prolific in the production of many- sided men, it occurred to me that the cause might Le obvious, since the whole creation, getting a foothold in the German constitution by the process of eating and drinking, each part, by its occult qualities over the mind contributing its partial influence might final- ly produce this result—a theory that might possibly have had its day, had not my acquaintance with the far greater simplicity and frugality prevailing in Berlin mede sad havoc of the premises. I think I did not name in my last the fact that, in Hamburg and Hanover, the Allies in the present war have the far greater share of the popular sym- pathy. Hanover at this moment is undergoing a severe ordeal in her politics the liberties granted in the Constitution of 1848 toward the equality of ranks being now disputed by the nobility who de- mand the restoration of many of their ancient privileges. The people and the nobility are the contending partics, and the result is doubtful. The king you know is Diind, and in how many senses of the word he is *0 be it far from me to insinuate; but, a8 his counsellors and ministers are wholly com- ed of the nobility, he will be no common man if Pe takes sides with the people. ‘The tendency of En- rope is, at present, not to freedom, but to arrest and restrain all revolutionary ideas and movements. Let the whole river freeze rather than flow, is now the ning idea. to Berlin by railroad is reforms con- organization. rej The ronte from Hamburt Vis English miles, or $4 Prossian miles, extendin, over a generally fat and sandy area of lund; and, though the soil is thin and weak, such is the magic of summer over the reigning sterility, that the wide plains of meadows and fir trees offer very | vareeable views. The stork, who as yet has not made his first voyage into North America, is a nn- mercus and welcome guest in the German States, | and walks the river banks, flies in low air over flelds of grain, and on the housetop of the German and | Netherland cottage builds his nest, befriended by some places, that good Inck will attend the dwelling on whose roof the stork makes its nest and rears itsyoung. Blackstone affirmed that the killing of a stork in Holland was once visited with capital punish- ment. Cattle, pied with black and white, in large herds grazed the ilelds; and, to speak in words of strict arithmetical peapoction there were five women TT the superstition, in to one man cngeged in cultivating the soil from Hamburg to Berlin. The men are drawn into the army, and some enter into other business; but these wide fields, almost “ without* a man to till the ground,’ Ip to disclose the secret of the very powerful avd highly diseiplined army now at the command of the Prussian King. Ai a very short warning, King Frederick can raise 360,000 men; and in an emergency, hy calling out the militia—a less regularly diseip! ned department of his forces—be could easily wield an army of 500,000 men. The strong arm of Prussia is its military power; and here no honors to which any man, not of the royal line may aspire are before those which hover about the golden helmet end the silver handled sword. A glance at the grand public statues of Berlin at once indicates the sa- | Send of military honors, The warrior-king Prederick the Great, and devervedly so, sits in co- loseal proportions of bronze on his war-steed, at the head of wide avente Unter den Linden, sar- reunded by his he ll go ase scholars and statesmen. Immanuel Kant, an emperor :n the realm of thought, and Lessing, one of the stars in Cerman classics, appear alo th the same monument, but overshadowed by the military grandeur above them. This grand momament—a Letter which it is said that does not contain —is the master-piece of the Berlin artist, Rauc! aoe a fers gree in the Obe- ren Platz, by the same ai > imposingly upon the pasee:s-by—Blucher having bis foot on Re tae non, and the sword of Waterloo in his right hand. Kant, Fichte, Hagel, Schelling, Schiller, Goethe, = no great monuments in the public grounds of in. The drawing of large multitudes of men into the amy, places them at once in a closer relation of loyulty to the King—disables the masses from the successful execution of schemes of revellion—and, what to every nation of Enrope, at the present time, is of the sn , it gives resources against appal! Age cn which may now, at any moment, edie od of religion, morals, science, fine social culture, would not of themrelves be sufficient to conserve the exist order of thi for three monthy in almost any | the continental States. Force i« the supreme law — | the basis of the ‘ailing order. On the way to Bedin Dy Ugugits lingered long in the one heroic spot, the burial place of the warrior-poet, we Korner, who fell i tle against the French (August and whose agmains, marked by a monument of cast iron, rest under the shades of an oak near the be tg of Wibbolin. Born at Dreaden, Septem- ber, 1791, be was yet in his twenty-second year when he died; and in these premature years, as one might say, it appears that his writiigs were suf- ficient in quantity and quality to win for him the noble and permanent distinction of a German poet; if not of the very highest order, certainly he is one of very respectable parts, of genuine fire und heroic impulses, with the art of clear and fervid expres- sion, In some four volumes of small 12 mo., Korver appears a3 a wecome visitant to German read- aba e18, who forget not his untimely death nor the heroism that speaks in ma ps his Lyris In addition to his comparatively amount of prose writings, perhaps ‘not more than 135 poges of his books, and his collections of pocins, called “Lyre ane Sword,” “Misscellaneous Poems,” “Additioval Unprinted Poems,” amount- ing to about 300 pages, he has in the dramatic form some sixteen different productions, making the far greater amount of hiepoctic literature. The wonder is that the young soldier should havi itten so much and #0 well. Germany and its iterature deeply mourned his logs, and the oak that now shades Kor- ner and his Bride already has woven its green branches into the pocey of Europe. Are these strains yet forgotten?— A song of thedeath-day of the brave, A song of pride! ‘The youth went down to a hero’ grave, With the sword—his bride. And the following:— “Green waves the oak forever o'er thy reat, Thou that beneath the crowning foliage sleepest, And in the stillness of thy country’s breast, ‘Thy place of memory as an altar keepest. Brightly thy spirit o'er his hills was poured, ‘Thow, of the lyre and sword! The cak waved proudly o'er thy burial site; On thy crowned bier to slumber warriors Dore thee, And with true hearts the brethren of the fight Wept, as they veiled the drooping banners o'er thee; And the deep guns with rolling peala gave token ‘That lyre ond sword were broken. The father of Theodore Kémer, a magistrate in the Prussian government, and who spent the latter years of his life in Berlin, is well known in America, through the interest of his cor- respondence with Schiller,extending from 1784 to the time of Schiller’s death, in 1805. A certain indefinable attraction in his handwriting, over Goethe's mind, caused him to say that he never de- stroyed a pgmeet or a page of the writing of Kor- ner. A few hours before the death of the poet, he is said to have composed his heroic poem, the Schwert- ied, or sword song, in which he addresses his sword as his bride— “ay sword, my only treasure, What would iby glance of pleasure? HM makes thy master glow, To see thee gleaming so, Yes! none this hand shall fetter, And none can prize thee better, Affianced to my side, T love thce as my bride.”” No one ranks him with that clasaso often spoken of in our own country and elsewhere, and quite vaguely styled “German Mystics.” He is very easi- ly understood. Berlin, you know, is one of the finest cities in Bu- rope, and though surrounded by a vast sandy plain neither prolific in utility or beauty, is, nevertheless, acity concentrating much architectural taste and much prosperity, though great fortunes are not ver; often amaesed in the ordinary trade. That on suc! a plain there should have been so great a city, is the marvel; and it there was nothing else to justify the surname of Frederick Der Gross than the readiness and success with which the people complied with his withes to create a city within the enclosure he marked oute@or them, it would not be without a strong support. Of the more interesting features of Berlin and of its social phases, I may speak here- | . I will only now say that everywhere I meet the evidences of an old and highly perfected culture, Yet all the errors and sins, as well as all the vir- tues, which humanity elsewhere and in newer condi- tions developes, are of course in Germany; but in Ferlin there ia an all-pervading clement of reverence end kindness in e ‘lass of society, to an extent which 1 have never metin any other country. The German has a self-forgetfulness about him, a desire to make others happy, and that without exposing an eye toadvantage, which is as vataral to him as it is Veanitful. I may at some future time speak of my happy acquaintance with Alexander Von Humboldt, who converses yet with real vivacity, though 57 years of age, and who cherishes sentiments of es teem and kindnees towards America; of Ranch, the sculptor: of the collections at the two museums; of the palace and its grounds; of Charlottenburg on the rpree, and of Potsdam, the concentration of royal splendor, on which it is not exaggeration to bestow the word magnificent. ‘The people in Prussia, though 40 near the Russian frontier, are very quiet about the war, as indeed the allies in the Crimea themselves seem to be. News frem headquarters, you know, gets to Berlin before it does to London, and what now takes attention is the project of the allies to attack Cronstadt. Within ten days, I jeurn from high sources, the assault will probably be made. An American, fresh from St. Petersburg, rays that the comic poets and ballad singers are singing songs in the streets to enthusias- tic multitudes, in which they abundantly ridicule the acheme. The original aim of the war, imagine, is now nearly ses ta by many in the more imme- diate purpore of victory. Yet the Russians, who, from the most reliable accounts, are strongly united in the war, keep up the enthusiasm of the religions sentiment. Every banner taken in battle hangs con- fa: uously in the Russian churches, a4 the symbol of the religious significance of the present strife, whilst the great popularity of Alexander with the masses and in the army gives to his cause the most perfect unity of strength. The allies need what they have not got—jnst one great man, whose magnetism of will ard ‘wisdom should draw and concentrate all the opposite elements into unity. A few weeks will probably reveal a new page. S N ReISENDER. Our Paris Correspondence. Paris, Aug. 3, 1855. American Journalists and Statesmen in Paris— The New York Exhibition—The Difficulties Between the European Exhibitors and the Directors Not Yet Adjusted—The American Department in the Paris Exhibition—Queen Victoria's Visit to the French Capital The Loan—Another Suo- cessful Financial Operation— Rachel, §c. The arrival in Paris of Mr. Bennett, editor of the New Yor« Heratn, has happened to coincide with the departure wf Mr. Greeley, editor of the New Yerk Tribune, for London. But the latter must return, perhaps, more than once, to obtain a final decision upon bis responsibility as an ex-director of the New York Exhibition. He has, indeed, be- come legally a Parisian, having been obliged to | “elect demicil” here, while awaiting the tardy result of the investigations which his imprisonment occa- sioned. The announcement that Mr. Etex, the artist, had satisfactorily adjasted all the difficulties between European exhibitors and the ex-directors of the Exhibition, seems to have been premature. It is quite certain that Mr. Dtex must have exceeded his authority, if he acted in the name of more than the few individusl exhibitors whose powers of at- torney he held. As to the statue of M. Lachesne, it is to he hoped the report is true that it is on ite way back, safe eound, but the French arbiter prefers delaying until its arrival before releasing Mr. Greeley from his confinement to “the limits Luckily, there are wide enough, since the alliance between France and England, to have let your quon- dam neighbor cross the Channel with his white coat, a8 soon as he found that he need not elect Clichy 98 a domicile. Even the delightful garden of that prison did not tempt him back there. Mr. Fillmore, ex-President of the United States, is quietly and unobtrusively (after the recent ex ample of another ex-President, Mr. Van Buren.) going the usual round of sight-seeing in Paris. It woul be well if all their fellow-citizens would {mi tate, while in Europe, the dignified modesty of these distinguished Americans. The contrast between the visiting card of Mr. Van Buren and that of more than one American traveller who has honored this fashionable metropolis with his presence, might sug: gest a leseon of propriety to not a few. Some writer (either an Englishman or a Vhiladelphian) has lately said that gambling is the national vice of Americans. However untrue this ney be, those of them who come abroad (some get quite far abroad) are generally very fond of cards. Acard of the largest #ize conteins with difficulty all the titles, military and civic, which an Awerican—especially if be has or has had any more or less remote counec- tion with the federal gevernment—affixes and pre fixes to his name. Lwhal! not ay how many of that highly respectable and numerous class of men, duly inted Commissioners to the Universal Rxhibi im by the Gevermors of the respective States of the | Union, betrayed a wenkness for cards soon after their arrival; for most of them quickly discovered | that it would be best to sappress first edition of \ their qianed eboards, or at least reserve it for | bop circulation. But I at meatiga that I bev’ 26, 1813), | ! seen at least one Commissioner's card, which, if framed and hung up in the State Capitol, would be as conspicuous a memento as the Exhibition medal | iteelf, J¢ would make precious “copy,” if paid for as an adyertirement in the HERaLp, The American Board of Foreign Commissioners has gradually diminished to a number which can be | accommodated at the Friday soir’es of the Commia- sioner General in the Palais de U Industrie, aud per- | haps at the Hotel de Ville, at the ball in honor of | Queen _ Victoria's prprrecntn visit. The first of these Friday soir(es is held this evening, I believe, and for the first time all the American Commission- ers have been officially invited to share in the enter- tainments which the Exhibition has occasioned. ‘The list of American exhihitors having increased, as that of American Commissioners has diminished, the disproportion between them will be lesa striking than might bave been expected in the new cata- logue, which Mr. Gilman, of Connecticut, Secretary of the Central Committee, is preparing for the press. The letter of M. Vattemare, recently published in the Monitcur, relative to the American department in general, end his favorite scheme of international exchanges in particular, was well enough so far as the latter subject was concerned; but a4 an apology tor the fewness of American exhibitors, it was, in eome respects, a work of supereroga- tion, and will perhaps elicit another communi- cation to the Moniteur from another source. Few as the American articles are, the quality of most of them is such as not only to require no apology, but to challenge the admiration of the world. The members of the International jury will be likely to confirm the im) re-sion, “the second, sober thought” of all who have examined the American articles, and especially the “machines,” since laughing at the waste space ia the American department. The first catalogue was 1ecessatily incomplete, ond Prince Nopolecn, who inspects’ to-day the articles of the 3d class (agricultural implementa, Xe.,) will find romething more torce than the single spade and the single harrow set down in the catalogue, but which, oddly enough, have not, it is said, ar- rived to Le put inthe Exhibition. McCormick's hine would alone suftice to maintain the w Awerican industrial skill has won. e prices of admission to the Exhibition have ‘een changed 2s follows :—On Monday (the work- man’s Sunday) twenty centimesor four sous; Tues: day, Wednes: Thursday and Sunday, one Friday, two fares 1 had oceasion to enter the P: of Industry to-day, when this modificatior effect, and was surprised to find as few visite: found last Friday at five francs. Last Sunday the number of visiters at four sous, was 10) plete and splendid as the Universal Exhibition has at length become, it has disappointed so muny ex- pectations as to be considered atill 2 magnificent fail- ure. Itis hoped, however, that the Queen’s visit to Paris will revive its drooping fortunes Is the assault of Sebastopol again postponed in order to avoid the risk of spoiling the effect of the Queen's visit, by disastrous news from the Crimea ? However this may turn out to be, it doubtless was ortponcd, among other reasons, for the sake of not turbing the prodigious success which the recent loan promised to offer, and which has been actually secured, even if we make all allowances for the ¢x- aggeration in the official figures of ‘' about three mil- Hiards six hundred millions,” and discard the moral and patriotic conclusions which M. Magne, in his report, (that reads like a hymn of triumph,) draws vite iilogically from exclusively financial premises, he total result of the loan is estimated at 000,000, the subscriptions for 60 francs at 230,000,- 000, the subseriptions of the provinces at 1,000,000, 000, foreign subscriptions at 600,000,000, and those of Paris represent the balance —that is, abont 1,770,000,000. It must be remembered that most of the subscribers, in view of the anticipated reduc- tiong, set down their names for larger sums than they actually wanted; but this only swells the sum to a finer figure. While my pen is busy with setting down these round numbers, let it indulge in the figurative style throughout another paregraph, and add an in- stance of the kind of finunciering which flourishes just now in these rué Qwincampoix times at Paria. Fmile Pereire, the law redivivas of our day pes chased weck before last, the whole capital stock of the gas companics which at present supply Paris. He paid $5,000,000 frances, and after consolid the compe and getting the signature of Napoleon to the conression, he transferred it to the Credit Mobilier Conpany for 60,000,000, thus clearing at one stroke ef the pen the comfortable sam of 15,900, 000 francs. This Credit Mobilier Company has a capital of only 60,000,000, and to-day has property in its poases- sion amounting to 600,000,000, of which there are in its vaults nearly 200,000,000 in cash and cash values, Without the name of Periere at its head, its stock to-day would fall probably to onc-half its preseut value. To tarn fyom the Jews to the Christians, a Catho- lic bishop@Omewhere ta Germany has, in conse quence of the establishment of the dogma of Imma culate Corception, prohibited christenlug any babe with that sweet name, Mary, which crusty old bach clorphil logists derive from a Hebrew word ing “bitter.” Twelve manuscript rermons of the Protestant, Martin Luther, have been discovered at Pakran, in the eomitat of Tharock, in Hungary. The Russian telegraph thas quaintly comment cated to the German press the rumor that Gea. To dleben, the celebrated chief engineer at Sebastopol, was dead:— * Todleben lebt ; lebe Todieben.” A literal translation of this is- * Mort wie vit ; vide mort vir.” In English— Deat h-life lives ; live death-life. z The earthquakes which were felt so widely daring the last week of June, at Colmar, Bale, Kerne and Zurich, and in the ea: partof France, have not disturbed Paris. It is a singular fact that Paris has scercely ever, if ever, been visited by an earthquake. But it has had revolutions instead. The Emperor and Empress of the French have re- turned from Biarrite. Rachel will leave for New York, it is positively announecd, on the 11th. The Parisians console themselves for ber absence hy going into raptures— as well they may—over the acting of the celebrated paggpan and comedian, Ristori. This “Rachel of Italy” has inspired an admirable ode from Lamar- ine, FIGano. =) Interesting from Spain. {Correspondence of the Augsburg Journal. | Manip, Aug. 90, 1856. I wrote you that no Spanish troops will march to Italy or the Crimea; I should like, even now, to remain of that opinion, although it was decided in cabinet couneil, day before yesterday, that 26,000 troops of the regular army, commanded by officers under waiting or de reemplaco,) under the superior command of Prim, are to be sent immediately to the Crimea, which Is tu be followed by a second one under ¢ Don Manuel de la Concha, When Ger only member of the Cabinet who ix favor of the Western Powers, met the ‘Oloags) at Iron, the lat mmunicates! conditions put by the French government, (for guarantee aptain al Zavala usiastical nixh Mininte in whieh tn Tho ng anew loan and the possesion of Cuba dueed the General immediately to return to Madrid. ministers mbied in council there day Lete terday, and parsed re previously informing the Queen. Her Majesty oer ously disposed not to sanction the resolutions. Lean, st vouch for the following declaration, which the de 19 Cenernl /avala, when the iatler took leave Well, if it in done to compromit us in the war ’ ye power. t but know this merment, T protert agninat 1." (Pues bien, rl ex para compromete nes on la guerra, woe teneis la fuerca y padels hacerlo; pero sabed que protesto deve ahora.) It oppeara that Expartero and /avala, fearing a rising of the army, are determined to collect the troops in Cate Ionia, to be thence transported to Marseilles, whence they are to be shipped. O'Donnel ix opposed to thir mearure and is suspected of harboring rome designs with ated body of troops, Whilst the politicians im are incensed at the re, the peasantry have fed a bew proverb:—''B and war in toyed wot y gue They pl may d hat from sunshine a on SAoastogel.) Aregon donbie triple the usa) qaantity have incre adertully with risen. ‘The Cantaro wine erly costs 20 and 22 reals, The fanegi worth 1b reals, is now wold from 43 to $b with oiber articles of food, ‘The (asta writes there are not more than $09 Carlints in Catalenin, seattered over a number of pointe, if these Lol! oat during the winter, they may wil give trouthe to the goveroment. Now the peasantry is occupted with har verting; when the harvest is over, and prices of pro isicns ase #till golng up, as it is most Ubely they will then an increase @ the above number is most proba. | bie. * { whe . ‘116 goverment bax aiditional trouble with theeler ‘The offetal paren brovght extracts from anti papel pal Vien them h had teen condemned by the Homan church, and placed on hat in more, com } mended thers. Im consequence several prelat tice to the government that they hibit the reading of that paper, f) ween | prevsed In regard to the holy father be recalled amt cor reeted. A demceratic movement in ah month in the capital. Peveral eries of Lown with Bourbons,” ' Long live the } nat yet be permitted to be enlied by lone! Vira ja oma heard in the street prem pe t the latter were wise enough not to heed Another correspomsent of the same Jor Wheral cotor, writes aa follows 1, Angst 4—''The diphomatir party ast four weeles has been playing betwren Fre 1 bes tees decided tm faves of the Cormer, (Fraace } ’ ALD, SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 2, 1855. play lng of te Fenpsror's trumpetis accelerated depar- ture from Biarrite. 1 thevelore refer again to my com- munications of the S6th ult, No well informed person could bave doubted the reault of the pending negotia- Hons, though the finaldeevion was not expressed thud soon. ‘The conference at trun, between Olozage and Za vala, bad wo doubt ity influ a this govermment; for a cabinet council wax convened immediately after the re- (urn of the Minister of State to Madrid, ia whieh dhe points of the treaty were agreed upon. mbraces openly and uncquivocally the alliance of Vestern Powers ogainst Russia, in which latter Power y isturber of universal peace, and at the aIngouist for many years of this govern ment. (Queen Feabella, it is well Known, ix at this mo- ment not vet acknowledged by Kussia.) ‘Spain declares herself ready to furnish the Western Powers a contingent rame tin of troeps proportionnte to qhe object in view, but the y de present condition of her arn termine its number, nor t when they are to be got ready to co-o} erate with the military operations of the Allies, Ax soon as the corps de reserve shall be or gunized, (whie? is now being done,) and the present treopA, consisting ehiefy of recruits, (quintos,) shall be roperly drilted. she will place at the Gispoattte n of the Western Lowers a body of troops commensurate with her dignity and power. Jn the meanwhile, Spain permits, within the limits of her whole tertitury, the enlistment of volunteers, ind expresses her readiness, in case her Cheers in waiting (eyciales de reemplazo) be employed, to pay them the em of their present salaries, “As OOD a @ council of ministers war ended, the am- baseedors clusions, not permit her to de patches Sunday, ed. You imogine tent public ever nmen| to place f) yie n this subject amon Folitieal quidn And now this much rimor beecmes at once a reality—an accompli with the whole gravity of it inealeulable, ediate and ultimate consequences. Even the journals friendly to the government conn 1 their vexation, cliseash they are not homed the alliance with the Wostern lowers. Ali othery—the Carlist, moderado, and in some instances the radical papers—are in fire and Hames, and » not find words sufficient to blame this ‘inconsider- unwise, arbitrary’ step of the government. In re to the last epitliet, it eannot be doubted that the spent has the initiative in making treaties, on con- ition that the Cortes ratify them, ond the reproach would be unfounded, if it were not known that the onbi- fic knowledge of the n, who was hus Veen dune al then it wi only informed ana The Pinpioss made the happy cou of $500,000, ‘Ibe whole diplomatic corps is invited to the muptials.’” ¥rem the Modrid Journals.) ‘The Madrid Journals of the 11th of August, have been received. ‘Ihe Jarlamento asserts that M, Ole ciolly informed the Fmperor of the French, ata recent audionce, chat the tpanih government has adopted the not taking part in the war against Russia, and Jing on army to the Fast ‘he sale of the national propert ecmmenced at (hi wh Hall of Madrid on the 10th by public auction It ed sures clergy, in i ecclesiastical authorit Who ts to be Chief Engineer of Rasatat TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. sir ig in your paper of yesterday, copied from the Albany Argus, a statement headed, ‘An Albanian to to be Chief Engincer of the Russian Navy," J take the lilerty cf asking, through your ¢ Arqui—Firstly, Who is Mr. James €, Thompson ly, fa the editor of the Argus quite sure that Mr. Thomp wen has been “five years’? first engineer of the Collins steamship Pacific? and, lastly, Is the editor of the Argus certain of Mr, Thompson being appointed Chief Engineer to the Russian fleet? The Collins stecmahip Pacific has been running only Lve and she bas had four or five chief engineers curing ‘hat ime, ‘The present worthy o cupant, Mr. A. H. Cunniaghatn, hax bees chi r of the Ay ALBANIAN TO BY CHIEY ENGINERR OF THE RUS STAM NAVY [Prom the Albany Atias, August 27.) fr. James ©. Ty ‘ou, proprietor of the extensive ive works on Quay atroet, as received an offer to oe tume the chief enogineership of the Koseian navy, and is cow in Washington making the ary arrang ments with the Kurla | The is made for three ye rent fee, { Fngiueor three 5 offer of Ch Two o epg Atlantic in the Ab mer Vacifie, in which be was first engineer, there were on board four members of vees, It was quite natural Cac them to virit (he engine room, and in doing 0 became acq unis with Mr. T., whom, ae thelr intimacy ripened, discovered to be « weehanie and geniue tension. In the course of the conversation had, Mr. T. ventured to pive his idems » between Ruseia and Tur would be in the car ouse the ¢ he usefuine Thompson's fitness was drain gresemen, and upon their arrival at Landon, rece signature of the American Minister, It was pext r td to this country, where It ree finally despatehed to ar. About a year since, Mr, T. left the Paeitir ked inn business in this city, He had quite for affair, until one day last week he was ear feceipt of a huge document bearing ¢ inking him the gotten peised by th imnperial coat-of-arms of Husain, have «tated, Mr. T. the next day t to New York ti consult with Mr. Collins upon the offer, and, with Mr. € has gone to Washington, Whether he bas accepted o: not we have not barned. Electric Phenomena. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HEMALD. During the thunder storm on the 19th of July, ult the loeemotive of a parxenger train, while in full mation oma railroad In Vermont, exploded, instantly killing threr nen. ‘The locomotive ix auppored to have beem atruck by lightning On the 19th of August, 1844 omentive. with one hundred ceo! cars attached, while in motion om « rail w up during a thunderstorm 4 two firemen road near Pa. killing instantly the conductor, engineer 1 to have beon wtruck by lightning. Ith of March, 1847, puseenger (rain on a railroad int wtruek by Hghtnl othe perse an engine attached to a gin, between Atlanta ‘ and Augueta, » but no damage an engive hoving been struck by lightning on # railrow cn the Continent of Furope, by which several persons were killed nee railroads bave been in use, 1 have never known or heard of a care of lors of ie by Lightning ins railroad ar, ond when It is recollected that many milliems of per te travel in rallre 2 during thunder storms, their owylete exemption frow death by lightning, ls wonde ful indeed Tn 1560, Lexa inlined a cooking stove in farm house in Franconia, N. HL, whieh had been struck by ligh few weeks previous, The lightning had linyart A, not won it orn nly to the t the oth netic propert hetile settin There was fre sand so highly b Liverpool that his #teel t © 10 thoroughly ma lated ant highly max at they could pot be 2 sinee s Wlackonnith thap in ty onty woe struck by lightning. The blas me at work, holding » pleoe of ret bot The lighining flied the re metal ant scintiliations, rated him t feet from the floor he wae etandin “m, aod then Men » | deipgany injury to the ballding of bie perrcon be prevent setae, ® hewse om am bland near lend. Me. was wtrock by lightning. The brick « Chimney veattered in every direction, and one of the bricks propelled with such farce through © snare of ines os to cut whole throngh it the exact eae of brick. without fractoring the piase, a diamond ovubl n have done the work of ew A house in which there was struck by lightning, the trick stout the inelde of the building during « 6 barrel ly the \igbinl ‘ o eorvere’ eth pold lew £, wae pamed over by the eal over the ering frown the . artnia, in & the A cangias MA The Late Mabbing Affair in Broadway, THE RBITOR OF Thr Bh ALD. sour statement in the Mamath of the Beradeoy” yon Oy me womme be: rier veyron We then tool bla de ing be would call ” ats 1 went, c A Mr Mase, for a trend of hike, who, when io «tere and | Ght wet Mixturty him | 1 lett ere oo in my ot ae to where leowkl te fuel ne bend, of am early bver Che pert morn g to stent to bis wants, th Desh eet Mr ferred . hoe was taken, for I twld Chen 1m reel The eft prorely ercitewtal as the feo grntiemen eh. were © th Ge keerw, Gal eremtod eo litte enn iternent 1 koe e at oo one lee motiest 1. Mr B eromersios me from as , Areieeennes Me Hs tow Auling well . | care vit l= out ime few day ' ‘ mo and other | A Folthiess Wite hee Husband ork Boardiag Pursucd —Glimpee of Life tn a New" ¥ House. (Correspondence of the Maihe Bay Mate, New York, Al 21, 1866. In one of the squares of New York stands a five- story brick house, noted as a boarding and that, too, of great respectability, if else to recommend it but the well-known hi; re spectable character of the gentleman and lady whe reside over the same. During the month of last, a gentleman took somperery board thereat, among other valuables wi ho very ly pasned | over to our worthy host for sate becplng was a pack: | age containing six embroidered hare ooreg oo | great beauty and value, which the sald gent bad brovght from beyond the seas, At this time there was also boarding in the house pes ung and Joquaciona Mr. L., Pores, i the utmost confidence, (as regai least), even ako sioter by our worthy hostess, ‘but whore husband was then on the briny deep, no doubt dresming of love and fidelity, In a few days oar | gentleman above named wished to take hia depar- ture, and consequently what belonged to him in the: houre, and on getting his thing» together, lo! the package of vest patterns came up missing, and, te | shorten the story, be was obliged to go away without them, much to the mortificati: grin host and hostens, piesa daaien here Time waxed on, when a certain young and “g rently men took bourd as above’ id chal from the land of gold, full of wonderful tales travel, it did not take long toinveigle the fair daugh- ter of Eve, Mrs. L., and allure her by the pithy re- | marks and honeyed words of him who En 3 » | least have had the tenth commandment a little stionger impressed upon his mind, to canse ber to be much pleared with fix bearing und society, True love never runs smooth, and so tn a litte time our worthy hostess found, or feared she had found it to be the case with Mrs. L. towards her rightCul lord and husband, Captain L., who, aa before stated, was then absent. Things growing no better yery foxt between the fair Mra. 1. and the good maa from the land of gold—it being the theme of conver- sation among the rest of the boarders—our landlord found it necessary to eject both from his domici ade ty aay not only of his house, but of himself and family, which was accordingly done. In July, the latter part of which Capt, L. returns, and immediately returns to the home where, but @ month or two previous, he had left his fair bride, (whom he had married tn her teens,) expecting a joyous ving little dreaming of the alloy mixed with this world’s pleasure, which serves to mix up | the bitter with the sweet, and alas! how oflen does | the former preponderate and form a base metal un- | worthy to be handled! On foquiry for his beloved Caroline, imagine hie | feclings on being informed of her deportment dur- ing his absence, and the too well grounded r cions that his ears were obliged to have told Caroline's whereabouts were unknown. Now be & | known that our worthy Capt L. ts bellever in api: | ritualiam; and, alter pondering over his forlorn and vad condition, Le resolved to apply not only to the spirits that be, but to those apfrita that have been, | tor the restoration of his lost Caroline, Mfice it to | may. that the Captain (as he states through a medi- um) found his ttray chere amie at a genteel boarding house, No. — Broadway, where she had been tarry- ing for some weeks amid the fashionable and gag society of an up town establish:nent. The meeting { must leave partly to the imagina- | tion of the reader; but of this portion can say, ow the part of the fair Caroline it was not such an en- | tertuinment ns n Henedick might-have wished to be invited to, Protestations long and loud against him, telling him pisinly she did not nor ould not love him, neither would she live with him again, but de- siting to be free from him, and tw be lett to seek beer own quiet and solitude ng ber kin; at the same | thne assuring him, a women can assure and | oscrt, of her purity and innocence of any violation of the marriage vow. | ‘The captain, finding all rolicitations on bis part vain, left, and after another meeting of the circle, and consultation with the spirity that were, he um. Losomed himself to our worthy host, the landlord of the five story brick honse in one of our squares aa atorestid, where the loquacious Mrs. L. formerty boarded. ‘The conclusion artived at was, that the twain were to make @ kind of eortle upon the board- ing house No. Broadway, gain admittance to the fair Caroline, and, if pomible, by persuasion and pleeding, both of the eaptain and his mate, to bri the ertinyed once more to the fold of her Tempe lord ard tnaster, arrive! they fonna and in course of olject of their pur- nversetion with « our friend ved what be identical vest pat intewiog among the package was pore to hay ' terns which had b of six, some the previously, at the boarding boure * over which onr friend presided, and, before stat | ed, where Mre. L. also had quarters, Thin ledjto am eomion the inguiry, and our gen‘leman in whore aplendia vest patterm was found, explained by sta. Ung it was a present made to him by the fair Caro: line hervelf, who just at that moment entered the room ona return trom her walk, There wana “ kettle of tieh.” Explanations were called for, other vest patterns were found, some im the hands of rervants, who had received them ia rhe pe of — to Le made op into aprons—Ca- ¢ stating that they were presented to her, ané sing all knowledge of theit in the premises with an air of ineulted dignity; and, moreover, stil upjlelding to the importunities of her hu and his ally to once more love, honor and obey her Hege lord, when all should be forgiven. | The twain thought to coerce by other means; con- requently they stated for the station house to pra- cure the asei tance of a policeman. After proper complaint before the justice to have Mr. arrested for larceay this was done, and in comy | with the #tar she was placed in the station for the night, notwithstanding her team end heartbroken pleadings to her husband, toretorn to hit again and be « dutiful wife, to all vhich he turned a deaf ear, saying it was too late. ‘The néxt morning the justice waited upon our ine, who, with a heart full of injured innocence, ) her tale of mufféring ; snd here let me aay ale could do jt, too, with that naivete in her interesting ful countenance, which ia by no means im wer of every women todo. The rewult waa, the jastice postponed the examination of the case, for 1easons best known to himself, for two days, met ting bis prisoner free on her own recognizance. Im | the meantime the Captein, having little time for | reflection, aud net Hiking thus to be parted from bbw fair one, relented. Aguin an interview wae sought and had, when the exponen war more inexorable then waying, Hike Ha,“ TM be a corpme ere | mount his bridal bed.” roline not liking Ube torn es were taking, (the Captain having left in much pasion, threate vengeance) thought, with the advice of frends, give ball: comequently, om ing cowhieh berexamninatiow to bave token place, and her name tetng called Lvecheok devise a bering gives lan, bol the evening previous. A warrant was ismed by the ustice at the solicitation of her husband —a police man pot on the track, epirite consnited, and all toéans used to hant out the fair ove from her hiding place; which eventually, through policemen, apirite, strato gen, end dimes, prov cenefy), and an earl hour was marked for examination, pending wh (ime Carry was in durance vile Hiat do mt let os think she was idle during her res. pite to some of her (riendas, literested themselves in her behalf—and the tory coming W the A some of the legal Torsion, two of ite member, learned in the law, (one an ex Jodge) repalre abode of the dewpalring Carole roby lips her story, at once proffered their joint see- vices. A gleam of hope now seemed to dawn apow ber, and at the appointed bour, when the case wag called, might be seen the young, the pretty, thougle vomewhat serrowfal looking Mire. L., with her coam- while on the other side was ber hawhend, with, his epecial legal adviser and Lit witnemes The firet witness called for the placot? was the. one moat depend viction She had told her ta! which all along wa pose which there was hardly a shadow of dowt. Ow Cros examination the witness was asked by the de- fendant’s counme!l to idenUly the artheles sid te have been stolen. This the witness refased to do— and thos it wae with each witwen aol, View counted for defendant moved a discharge of 5 no cam having been tnele out, aa no identification copld be sworn to (On short reflection of the worthy jndge he onder od the premer to be discharyed ont delay, ES meck to the chagrin of the benevolent mpl Captain 1, who auto think, although he be Heved in table th ng. yet be did mot relia the tables turning agalnat hin. As Carry |4 pow once more {ree from Uhe clatches of the law, and te de- termined mA again to unite her interests with then of the Captain, it is to be hoped that sie ro A ta low strictly sath of virtae and rectitade, for the happiness fad * if bere and tn all Come, preserving & commence vous of ute Migenee. the report thet the varention held tate © wiedietary be | the latter” Thete were come Ofieen or \wruty