The New York Herald Newspaper, March 29, 1855, Page 3

2 Atademy—but slmost all other # Hirvige and nearly 8 bing ini eee yr hye i cenkbthe death of Nicha- ihe, avd the accession of hue som Alexander av Eeaporor athe Ruin Panis, March 8, 1855, Speculations of the French Press as to the Prospects of yin Pmyperor’s Manifesto— Affairs in the Orimea—The French Emperor and the Belgian Press ae Late Cear and his Sona—Lowis Napoleon's ¥i' 4 Me Crimea—The Klections at the French Acaie- my, de., de. The death of the Emperor Nicholas, and speculations an te its ponsible consequenses, comtinve to occupy, I may almost say to agitate, the public mind. Net euly at the Bourse, st Leblond’s, at the foyer of the Grand Opers—that foyer of political nows—dut ia ‘every club, in every private parior, in the barracks, in -#he worxshops, and in the street, scarcely anything else te talked of. Those journals which first checked th: ‘travagent hopes of peace which the news had imspired, ave still more positive now im asserting that it would be abeurd to expect Alexander II. to invult the memory of his father, and brave the popular sentiment which ex- stgeven in Ruasia, by suddenly changing the foreign policy of Russia in accordance with the wishes of the Western Allies. . on analysts of @ manifesto ascribed ie the new Czar, ‘hos deen circulated in Paris, at the foyer of the Opera and elsewhere, in which the successor of Nicholas pledges himself solemnly to carry out the policy of hie father. And whether this manifesto be apecry, a @ es not, the Teady adhesion of the (rand ‘Constantine. devoted partisan of the war in eatin, nF the shesnce of a oppealtion, aot $0.6 Re e oath: on the part of that party, in vie secvosion of Alexander Il, lonve Bat litte doutt ta to the istentions which the new sovereign is likely to have ex- ‘The escential of his actual manifonto have at attain Busia, atthe highest degree. of power sud power and }, om te accomplish the desires and the at of Peter the Great, of Catherine, of ‘ander, Wicholas.”’ at the close of the manifesto, he orders ‘the teking ot the oath to himeelf, and to his son, Nicho- tas Alexandrewitch, the new heir ptive, The recall of Prince Menschikof in confirmed. General Gortsehakoff is to command all the forces in the sonth; under him; General Osten Sacken is to command in the ‘and Gen. Luders im the Danube. mtantinople, anes rca seieeteme ome ee" from japatoria, from Kae- ‘Fees Wttere are’ preceded by the report of Gen. Caprobert on the affair of Kupatoria. Bad weather, prevented the movement of General Boryaat General Liprandi. As to the affairs of the 2ith 2th—for the dates are differently inticated—the Meechsecpatehes are in flat contradiction with the des- of ee Menschikoff. Not all the l’reach ver- agree. Thus, according to one version, ‘‘ (be tables of the | tower of Malakott Tenders the Desiegers approaches to Sebastopol.” According to Russians themselves demolished the tower Malakoff.’ The condition of the te a] army i the ‘Grimes has evidentiy been ameliorated. A recent pam; alee « om the Crimean expedition, pur hav in written by ‘‘A General Otlicer,”’ Brussels, has excited, you know, the wrath of the French government. Emile de bitterly protests, this week, against suspicions him as joint author of the pamphlet with the Prince Napoleon. He says that goverament, ‘with the immense means of discovery at its disposal, swast now know who was the real author, but he does met name him. The pamphlet had been ascribed also to amether friend of the Prince, Mr. Bixio. It was cur- weautly reported the other day that Emile de Girardin had ‘Deen arrested axd confined at Vincennes, but his friends that be was even arrested. It was also rumored domiciliary visit was paid on the same day to the st the Palais Royal by M. Pietre, the Prefect of . Perhaps more attention would lave been to these, ands number of stmiler ramors, if all 1a had not suddenly been diverted by the news from Petersburg. that the first sensation produced by this news subside, the question again arises, “When will depart for the Crimea’? Meanwhile the at Toulon confidently assert that “if the Em- Jeaves for the Crimea,”’ he will ta‘e his departure that port. M, De Cesana, one of the editors of the Gonstitutionnel, has applied, in vain, for permission to secompany his Majesty as a sort of historiographer. M. Blanche, who {x ambitious of replacing M. Haussmaca, the Prefect of the Seine, about to be elevated, it is aati 0 the Senate, has made # similar application. Ho @ainks, perhaps, that he might reach the Hotel de Ville by way of the Crimea mors quickly than by the quays. Legouvés, who was elected last weck a member of the French Academy, is the son of a former member of that illustrious body. The Duke de Brogite, who was @eoted on the same day, is the father of the writer of qeite a clever book. 1? the one owes his clestion to tha tation of his father, the other may owe his to that Sidien. Theres voy only one armchsir vacant at ‘We Aeademy—that of Baour Lormian. which it is hoped that Ponsard will be cho-en (o fill. The following are the mamen of the 39 members, in the order of their Do Laerel Memain, P letto; 2, Villemain, Perpetnal Secretary; 3 Britunt; ‘fLebrun: 5, Baron de Barante: 6, De Lamat 5. 7, Count Philippe de Ségur; 8, De Pongervills; % Gousin; 10, Viennet; 11, Dupin; 12,’Thi ¥4, Count de Salvandy; a 18, Count Mol De jueville; 21, Duke Girardi 4 2 & 3 ERE tf ny ;, 30, Ampere; Misard; 23, Count de Montalembert; 54, Berryer; 36, Monseignour Dupanloup Ernest Legorive; 39, Duke de Broglie, Our Beritn Correspondence. Berwin, March 6, 1856 Mfect of the Canr’s Death on the Public Mind in Berti Personat Qualities of the late Emperor—His Potion, tio Re swarde and its Punishments—Specu as to the Inginence Ale Death is likely to Exercise on Politioal Ajfaire—Charac ter and Antecedents of Alexander U—Intense Grief of the Prussian King on Reecviving the aews of the Dew OCxar—All the German Princes Rushing to St. Petervourg, e., Ge. ‘There probably hax never been an age more big with por- tentous events, more fruitful in startling aad unexpected estastrophes than the present, While all Europe was gazing with breathless interost on the terrible conflict in the Crimes, and anxiously waiting the tidings of a new | and more sanguinary struggle under the wails of Sebas- topel, a thunderbolt has fallen in the North, and struck Gown that mighty monarch whose strong will and indo- mailtable resolution opposed and kept at bay the banded Jegiens of the Wert. ‘Phe official reports of the manner of the Czar’s death ave reesived by the public with some degree of scepti- iam. The Emperor had attained his fifty ninth yoar— quite a ‘‘good old age’? for a short-lived, family like that of Romanoff; but he still possessed all the energetic ac- tivity of youth, and no one would have supposed that berculean frame likely to be prostrated by a fow hours’ sickness. His sudden disappearance reminie one of the melancholy end of his father, Paul, of the mysterious @eath of his brother Alexander, and people are apt to re- pent the saying of Talieyrand, ‘that assassination is the materal death of a Ruseian Czar.” On the other hand, it seems improbable that a maa surrounded wy his nearest and dearest relatives, and by the most trusted associates and ministers, of # loag, and 4B lately prosperous reign of thirty years, shoul fall a vietim to “(privy conspiracy,” ata moment when hie death may vhake the empire he ruled over to its very foundation. | will not undertake to desde between these conflicting opinions, as I would oaly offer my in @ivides! impressions, The subject is one that cludes al immediate inquiry, and we must leave it to time and ‘the disparsionate verdict of history to justify or refate she dark yuspicions connected with it. Since Napoleon the First no sovereign bas filled so arge a space in the eyes of Burope and tho world as the Rmptror Nicholas, Prom the first moment of his reign, when, by dint of personal intrepidity, he succeeded in quelling & mont fornadable insurrection, ho had devoted himself, with unconquerable energy, to one object—the aggrandizement of his empire, and the extension of it: political influence. The measures by which he sought to attain this end have excited an amount of obloquy sweh as few men have ever labored ander; an] without any wish to Draw bis frailties from thett droad abode, 4 must be admitted that, in the prosecution of bir plans hho showed little regard for the rights of humanity, or the Hiberty and independence of nation He internal administration, though arbitrary, eurpicious and se- vere, was signalized by various improvemonts, carried oat with equal ability and success. He built railroads, @ug canals, encouraged manufactures, and perhaps di ‘al that one man ever accomplished to promote the wel gare and develop the resources of his country. But hi fairest title to renown in the eyes of posterity will by the fact of his having endowed twenty millions of crowa nerfs with the privileges of freedom, and paved the way to the mavuminsion of a xtill greater number of bonds lengir g t Russian nobility, though prevented mae meee Se ition of the glopais col from of- their imme:liate liberation, And if he crushed , and lent bis aid to Austria for the subju- of the noble and gallant Hungarians, he was 4 punished by the base ingratitude of that power pa Bo sake he had excosed hunself to the execration of mankind, and which, by deserting him in his utmost the coalition against him, embittered and most probably hastened his end. his eyes, he beheld the vast fabric of power he had raised hy the labors of a whole life—by years of patient toil and calculating ger of total destruction, his capital saoaled by sa enemy's fleet, and a hostile army thun dering at the gates fortress. i his strongest and most important ble to everrate the inttuence which this event will exercise uponftue fate of Europe, nally impossible to foresee whether it will be evil. Will the new Teperee De able aceede to terms which hia father Dave rejected? Wil} the removal of tuiz for- | him in hieroglyphic characterr. NEW YORK HERALD, TP.cRSDAY, MAROH 29, 1855. nidal ‘i igs oF ence with i vigor! bimeelf all ye himself iore realy to listen to the overtures of tne Allies? What offect will tho sudden Cemise of Nicholas have upoa the Russian famed with bis brother-in-law, iteesf? Will the Poles begin to shuke their chains tides of the Caucasus de roused to fresh exertions, the disss!is‘action said to exist amoag the old Murc - vite party explode in a revolutionary movement? A few weeks or days mustatford au answer to all ‘these questicns, Mea. e the money market is in the high- ent epirita, and as great a rise in securities of all kinds already taken place, as if peace had been atiually conelu ‘The at Em) of Russia, Aléxander 71. his way caveatiogeart in eric very mech like tatker, but with o less majestic and more siognomy. He is married toa dat Dune of , by whom he has family. cated by the Geet Joukonak , he is ‘to have iinbibed the romantic and mystical idea of his tutor, and has al ways set rather Tor & dreamer that » nian of His er, who to that jealousy of thowr successors displayed by common run » hadearly initia‘ed him into the affairs of go’ at, and entrusted him with of the elite of his army, the guards and grenadiers, who during the whole of last summer were stationed at St to fend the capital from war then cailed, was of the Council of War, but I am not aware that he ever originated any measure of importance in either of those capacities, or Cseeapagton indications of administrative or talent. both hein 1 by bis you brether, Constamtine, who inherits maay of the ‘qualities that distinguished his father. ‘The death of Nicholas has made a profoand impression oa the court of Berlin, and particularly oa the Kinz, who is reported to have been for some time in a stato bordering on frenzy. Unusual honors are paid to the memory o! the deceased, all the theatres are closed, and the whole Prussian army is put in mourning. ite a mob of iincee and princesses are passing through this city a Petersburg, to express their sympathy with the wed family, and to be present at which, it is expected, will soon be followed by that of the Empress. who has been for in a moat delicate state of health, and will probably not long survive her husband. AB. The cone Pam) on the War—Sen- ents of Prince Napoleon. [From tle English papers.) As the pimpblet recently PY d at Brussels, en- titled “Memoir addressed to H, M. the Napo- leon IIL. by a General Officer,’ and ascri! to the pen ot Prince Napoleon, is exciting considerable interest, we shall probably consult the en of our readers by giv- ing @ summary of its contents, extracting verbatim the more mmportant pasnages. The writer first refers to the immediate causes ef the war:— The real point at issue was a struggle for influence at Jerusalem, between the Greek and Latincharches. The Freneh agrerament, through ite ambassador at Constan- tinople, M. Delacour, obtained from the Sultan a firman which threw the balance in favor of ee atin chureh. hese were the polttical means emplo, e yor empire to obtain the esteem of the Catholi¢ Church, ‘and insinuate itself Into the good graces of the holy father, whose assixtance the Em} might want for hts coro- pation at Notre Dame. Nothing could be more legitimate than the employment of these means, which, in addition, had another merit—that of giving to French influence in the East a new consecration. The French Emperor, it is stated, had no wish to op- the demands for redress which were theréupon made by the late Czar. The Czar himeelf was not un- willing to en; iy phy a war with France, in which he might possibly & Eurppean coalition against the new empire :— ‘The interior ed policy of the Emperor Napoleon pleast the Czar—and let us say, en passant, that this tolerance of the Czar was the condemnation of this policy; his me- thod of governing had the approbation of sovereigns, and on reveral occasions he was congratulated. But his efforts to assimilate himself to them, and put himeelf upon their level; his pretensions to treat with them as equals, and receive the title of brother; his bitter taunts, his ironical threats, his affectation of popula rity, displeased much the courts of St. Petersburg, Vienne, and Berlin, In fact, the Czar, who bad cleverly withdrawn from a straggle with the revolution, would not have withdrawn before a coalition against the new empire. It was, per- haps, hin secret thougbt, he did not betray hia impa- tience abroaa, be desived not to put himself in the wrong by s provocation, but he was ready to seize an opportunity jwhenever tt might be, to engage with the eaapire and the emperor in avconflict out of which may spring war. : ‘The quertion of the boly places was the opportunity ; the Czar did not sutier it to escape. Napoleon soon divided the secret thoughts of the Czar, and, as he could got purchase his friendship by co plaisance, he resolved to win a dignified position i Tope by force of arms. This course had its advai tages:— To knew that by the war he gave an outlet to Prench activity, restrained by the coup d’ctat ; it gave a glo- rious occupation to the army, compronised by the civil war. He thus gave a satisfaction to himself, and at the same time to the name he bore. In tact, he took in ihe face of Kurope an admirable position, in advancing to the defence of the independence of a weaker State, agalust the avidity and ambition of a State powerful and redoubtable, . Toact, an Bughzh alliance was necessary; it was given with eagerness. Up to this point his policy had been unimpeachable. The nation could reproach him for being, by his name and bis presencs alone at the head of the country, the author of the perturbation that war brings with it; but the pation had no voice in the mit- ter, and drifted with the stream of events abroad; im- patient spirits could only raproach bim with forbear- ance bordertog on weakness und illusion, But he ad venced somewhat each day, with the cireumspection for which he is famous, leaving notning to chance. Russia crossed the Prath; war was determined upon. And here it is that the fatal series of those faults be- gin, the result of which has been nullity and impotence in the north as wellas in the soxth of Enrope—in the Baltic as well ax in the Black Sea. It was the hope of secuti that of England—it was the desire of forming a coalition of sovereigns against the Crar, instead of forming a coa- Ution of peoples against despotism—which misled that artful and circumspect policy, and which destroyed in one single campaign the forcos of the Western Powers. According to the writer, it. was the hope of securing Austrian co-operation that kept the aliied armies in a state of inactivity so long at Gallipoli and Varna. Then when Austris became willing to treat she imposed her own terms. She dreaded the sight of French uniforms on the borders of Hungary, and therefore stipulate! that the detence of the Principalities should be reserved to herself—a fatal step, which rolled the tite of war from Hungary and Poland (o the dreary coast of the Crimea. ‘The Emperor then attached himself to the chimera of on Austrian alliance sheet anchor. * * We know of|what value the Austrian allisnce has proved to be to the imperial chiefs of the sets § That alliance was the cause of its rain. Napoleen III, who knows so well the history of the empire, seems alone t> have forgotten it. This page of history is written for He hears nothing, and will hear nothing. On this occasion he differed witd bis best friend, the Count de Persigny. He will separate himself upon this point, from all the members of his ‘own family, and he requests them, even if he has not done 60 already, to leaye tim uncontrolled by any ob- servation on the subject, ‘This blind obstinacy, we must say, depended apparent- ly npon plausible motives. The principal motive was his ovorwhelming desire to utterly break away that title of parvenu, which he himeelf. ina moment of happy auda- city, had adopted, and to place himself on an equal foot ing with the ancient dynasties, and in the diplomatic councils of Europe. As regards his second motive, he entertained ex reme idess of order and of conservation, He avowed an unfounded batred to democrasy; he had against revelutiomary action, a war in which he had thrown away the scabbard. For these reasons, the awakenin, reigns of the North ha guishing—that awakening which must be revolution, which was insurrection in Hungary, in Italy, in Poland, could only be supporte] upon democratic i nd n this grouna be condemned ali suc! with the same vigor and the same resolution a been a Parisian movement destined to precipitate him from the throne. Need we say that {t would be easy to name many mem- bers of the imperial family who are far from partici pating in these absolutist principles—sentiments which must every day widen a breach botween the Napoleonic dynasty and the deeply-founded instincts of the French ple? But this is not the moment to agitate and de- Bats questions which the future wilt infallivly place in their true light. Marahal St. Arnaud ix now introduced:— ‘We must here speak our mind on the Mahal, with- out stopping superstitionsly to remark upoa his death, which relieved Lim in time from the heaviest of respon: sibilities, ‘The Marshal had taken from Paris instructions for every eventuality, Being attached to the personal for- tune of the Emperor, for grave reasons upon which it would be useleen here to dwell, he had somehow forci- bly wed himself of the confitence of the Emperor, and had penetrated deeply into his deagns He enter- tained his political views npon the Austrian alllanse, and, like him, be endeavored to play the part of a min imbued Ratadh ony te of order and revonciled with sound monarchical and religious ideas. ‘The writer to the treaty of the 20th Jnae:— The grief which the notification of the treaty of the 20th June cansed among the generals ani superior oifi cers of the army, is inexpressible. Prince Napsleoa manifested extreme indignation at it. In a familiar con- versstion with a friend of his, a colonel of one of the regiments of his division, who afterwarde had o (iffer- ence with the marshal, General Bosquet uttersd the word ‘‘treason.’’ General Canrobert himself, who fol- lowed the system of courteous trimming, Sees ange his displeasure at it. The Turks ‘uudagetood nothing what- ever about it, The English kept silent, instead of giving expression to the opision. It was useless to question Lord Raglan and the Duke of Cambridge on this head ls would have gives no answer. larshai St. Arnaud was radiant with joy. It looked as though that deploraple treaty, from the satisfaction which he manifented, was his own work. Frustrated in their of marching towards the Dan of freeing Sf and hy a brash with the Russians, the soldiers fell into « despondency which the fatal heat of aJuneand July sun contributed to even were beard among several ttalions; the names of Sipe waited generals were brought to recollection by the soldiers. The names of Changarnier, Lamoriciere, Charras, mut- tered in the broken ranks, were ominous, Prince Na peony ” disgust, his recall. The Emperor refused i was the real author of the Crimea expe- The Expperor dition, It was in the private riew that the idea of that expedi concelypd ip politqde, The Emperor, beat over a map, % at the Taile- the alliance of Austria, after having secured | of the nationalities which the three sove: | comquered withont extin- t and a in ay | a eS the sent ¥ long written band, + Coat Lit to at sed mmthoat wales Marshal #r, and which te sacrifice of judg- Vi bated have listened to on'y ,with a Min the month of August Mars at the camp at Varna, and on ‘war was be! wae oelead, de St, Arnau + % ene: had a) and General, Canrobert and Bosjuet a0- quainted with the PIA”, agreed upom between him and ‘The Marshal °° am to the co: art the idea of the ex mee Drought into prominence the advan- tages © the Anglo- policy; he anclyzed of it much as he had it from Paria, already Yeactically expounded, They were to select a img, point; to effect that landing under the protec- H ‘the = (Apes begs Ussians, who would fate of arms; Vaut, themwhich wes tatallitie iat hie" couniony’ warch sireet, after a vict » towards Sebastopol, and pi yh stroke. He had no ive data re- epecting actual force of the ne in the field, mor respecting the effective force of the prlemyas concerning the works of defence of Sebastopol, by + but information derived from various sources entirely concurred to establish that there were neither insupera- ble nor even very important obstaales. The power of Russia had just experienced a serious check on the Danubs; it mast needs have been less diffi- B cult to overcome in the Crimes. for it hed wot there con- centrated any forces, and did mot there expect any ant. ibe o attack. The dise ‘kation in the Crimea, taking f Sebustopal, would complete, i the ey: world, defeat Russia, and would force of her—an object which their Majesties, Queen Victoria and the Emperor Napoleon, had in view. anything There was, besides, no to do vn tue Danube; Austria having become the ally of the Seeman teeta, and having thus compelled Gortschakof? recreat, All eyes were turned towards General Raglan. His forehead bore the impresz of and his face expressed, & is few minutes previous, ‘the indecision of his mind, Lord Raglan put forth as am objection the want of knowled; pats the Russian forces, and res} the state of late om the laud aida; ‘The maps ef- forded no indieetion. The reads, rivers, and natural ob- were unknown. It was a disadvantageous battle field. The Eoglsh General remonatrate|, o2 ‘tho score that the army was in want of cavalry, while the Russians were very well provided with excellent horses. That was pot war on equal terms. ML ctegey pioirenaroe rien the ae LR more animus. Acco: is opinion, ex, un- dertaken under aves ciroumstances, looked much like an adventure. The allied forces seemed to in- sufficient. The squadrons might doubtless protect the landing of the army; but it was not certain that they could lend their assistance for yny lengthened iod, on account of the near approach of the return of the equi- nostial gales. hy might be compelled to seek an anchorage by the end of September, im order to pe the destructive weet of the Black Sea. In this case the land army we be abandoned to its own resources. This was an untoward eventuality, The climate was not Frog hey to climates of the sm@me latitude; ep f ought to have the sea, and roe) taken into account the contiguity scattered position of the chains of mountains. The Cri- mea, situate quitein the south of Russia, was the com- mon reservoir of ail the inclemencies of that vast i Such a thing bad even been seen as the bottom of the had of Sebast froven during certain winters. If the bold not succeed, it would become ne: 4 for the honor of France and England, to besiege place, and then who could foresee the issue of the = cition? Lord Raglan’s objection concerning the want of knowledge r ing the Russian field forces and the land defences of Sebastopol, was a very serious one; and all these reasons forbade the Admiral to give his assent to the enterprise. Marshal de St, Arnaud gave a brief answer, and ooe full of energy, to those observations. He reproduced his arguments with more pith than the first time, and concluded by supporting himself on the very competent authority of the spercr, Prince Napoleon then spoke for nearly three-quarters of an hour. We must state here that ne expressed at the same time his (vay andthat of General Bosquet and the Duke of Cambrioge, whom he had seen the day be- fore, and with whom he had consulted and agreod. ¢ Prince disapproved of the expedition in its princi- Pile, in its executicn, inan absolute manner. The Em- ror’s authority was, doubtless, very great in the mat- ler; but the Fmperor, at Biarritz was not in a position to understand the practical difficulties of the ent ise. The great distance at which he was placed from the the- atre of events might alan & mirage before his mind. He was right, ax the heir to Napoleon’s name, to con- tinue glorious military traditions, to replace France in ber rank among nations, and to avenge her former disas- trons times. it he ought netto have un where Napoleon had ended. An invasion of Russia was to throw one’s self into the unknoan; the Marshal owsed it himself. The Admirals felt some hesitation in presenting them- selves before six hundred cantons which defended the bay and the ports it was therefore reasonable not to rely for an attack upon a very efficient co-operation on the part of the navy, whose duty, besides, was to contend against vessels, and not against walls.’ (Admirals Ha- =o. Dundas, Lyoos, and Charnier, made a nign of assent. The real battlefield of the allied armies was the Da- nube, and after the Danube was the Pruth. They Jound themselves there in » rich and fertile country, in the midst of a sympathetic population, back by Jarge river, protected by a series of impregnable for- trerses. The battlefield was admirably adapted for an aggressive, as well as for a defensive warfare, The Turkish army, victorious, afforded a powerful! assistance; the Russian army, having lost all courage, on account of its repeated want of success, through the errors of ita generals, could with dificulty avoid complete rout. e execution of that plan had another advantage, namely, tbat of proving to Austria that the allies cou! do without ber. The —— of the allies on the fron- tiers of Hungary, at sixty leagues distanes from loland, rendered them masters of the whole situation; war was Pete it over diplomacy, and dictating at Vienna and rhin, It waa still time to put that plan into execution. The slowness which the Russians exhibited in evacuating the Princlpalitien was a last opportunity, which the allies were to seize. And if the expedition into the Crimea was consum- mated, in spite of the grave objections already raised by men whose opinion was also an authority, hie wane complete plan to estabiish, and, up to that time, the discussions which had taken place had not revealed one | particle of it. Those discussions wandered in details; | a plan of ensemble was not presented; and it was, how: ever, on this point that the Court were to ditoct their attention, | To land in the Crimea, in the north or in the south, | to deat the Russians, and march towards Sebustopol— | this was not a geriously considered plan of campaiga. ‘The it to which it was neceseary to adhera, at first, was to clore to the Russians the Crimean peninsula; ft was to cut off the communication of Sebastopol with rest of the Russian empire; it was to isolate Prince Men- sehikoff from the reserves which could furnish him with troops of the Danube, To thateffect it was necessary to roceed, firet, to the occupation of the Isthmas of Pere- op; to beste there two divisions in impregnable posi- tione, protected by the artillery of the steamers, It was necessary afterwarca to occupy Simpheropol, the seat of the government of the province, whos? ..iministration | would find itself, upset, and to vecure thereby, on all points of the country, provisions in victuals, clothing, | shelter, and forage, which the army was much in want of. They could, after that, march towards Sebastopol, and storm or invest it. Without these preliminary operations, the e: ition into the Crimea was, as the h vice admiral had said, merely an adventure, ut the end of which there was winter campaign on the Russian eoil—in other words, an insane idea. Marshal St, Arnaud was very sharp in hiy reply to Prince Napoleon, and made a few cutticg allusions to his ideas, and to his well-known connections, the Prince interro; him to tell him that he chose as he thought proper his personal friends, and that, as to his ideas, he derivea them from his sympathy with the in- terests of France, ond from the nations] tradition of the firet empire, No ona bad a right to sit in judgment upon them but bimeelf. Geveral Canrobert supported the projest of the ex | Pedition, He described, in detail, the reconnoissance which had been made of the southwont coast of the Crimea. It was practicable to disembark to the south of Sebastopol; but the heights were fortified, and pre | sented serious difficulties. From the deck of the | Furious he and his brother officers had distinctly seen the Russian encampmenta, which be couid not calculate at a higher figure than 36,000 effective m " diately to the north of the place, between a rather ox- tensive strong place, garrisoned by about 6,000 men, a Janding it be effected on the western coast, near Kupatoria, on a favorable beach, whereon sppeared the ruins of an ancient fortress. Thence allied arm: might march in three or foer days upon Sebastopol, out giving Prince Menachikofl time to concentrate his = and to oppose any serious obstacle to our march. By this plan there was every prospect of routing the Russian army, and its defeat must inrallibly cause Se- bastopol to fail into our bands “And what conrse is to be pursued,” asked Lord a lan “should the place hold out, and prove to be strongly fortified *”” The Marshal replied that, under these circumstances, they would be compellod to besiexe the 7 by | Occupyit the fortifications on the n side, they would naturally become the masters of the town. If the | fortifications of the northern side of the harbor present Yoo serioun obstacles, it would be easy to pass to the ronth, by turning the place, and then to undertake a regular siege, with the aid and protection of the naval squadron, which would find sheltered anchorages on the coast, especially at Balaklavs, which bed beex surveyed by Sir Edmund Lyons, Notwithstanding these judicions objections, Tort | Ragian wound up by giving an allirmetive vote: Genoral | Monquet did the same, This wos « grave crror The | four non contents who remained were Admiral Hamelin, i Sere Da the Duke of Cambridge, snd Prince Na 5 The ixpedition was now a : ited thing. !t loft Varn @ Tel It was off thy Serpent iting there, : the angie fleet: for at (oat peri resent time, the English have alwa: and, ip copseqnence of the had aduiinistration with which t! have to do. On thé T4th the army \isembarke:! At the muster of the 16tb, it was proved that the a! Ned forces amounted to 62,000 men. 25,000 French, 20,- 000 Engtich and 8,000 Turks, ‘We invaded Russia as the Normans inva‘led Sicily, as Pizarro invaded Peru, s« Fernando Cortez invaded Mexi- co, The army felt vague apprehension, sa indescriba- | ble anxiety. = was ready to do his daty, and | vo ot his lite gear wm.) Se eegnts tts oe ed more ¥e bave ota eight fetus Cetant, sed we enoesd Teen @riven into the sea without respite and with- ‘mercy, The Russian —— however, have this excuse, which, moreover, have themselves pat for- | weed, tha it waeimporsible for them te suppose that ‘the x in the month of September cgubd an act e Z does not hesitate to ascribe the it Russiane carried with them, in their retreat, the cannons taken at the first two redou! and the stafl- neral, Lord Lucan, lish general aequain' ham, wi to Lord Lucan to forme the Rossiane EIN i igh which bed been taken.” ne eee cavalry, and bring Lord Lacan had the order repeated word for word, and ce) ex, took ween £20 two officers, which occupied seven or eight minutes; then we saw, with stapor mixed with fear, the English cavalry, as rapid as lightning, rash into the masses of the enemy. broke through the Reet and 2094 neh on hasten aide of their last ron, m a ment they surrounded i intrepid did net Seed ney parent, i not move; BB) wi tL) at the destruction of his Light Cavairy-—the ‘lirect and immediate result of the execution of the unfortunate or- We thought that give way, and march it orders. But the attitude of convinced them anigkly Seat must suffer, without doing anything, the the Russians had inflicted upon ua, Out of the entire brigade, we saw a greup of seventy or eighty men return, and straggling after them without riders. Here follows an account of the terrible fight of Inker- mane — e ‘nglish yielded to superior numbers, but the ar- the otter divisions enabled them in return to Zouaves, in” the has staff, he heard the roar a of 600 whom be placed himself with of the canmon on our extreme left, on the Quarantine side; he heard it, beri im the rear of the army, in the direction o! lava, where the army of Liprandi was put itself im movement to cut off our soldiers, whoxe route sniieineen, falf an hour later the English would have been defeat- ed, their disordered columns would have,’fallen back upon each other, we should have been surrounded, driven paired the fault ot ate poner soe lrvenistie fa 5 cou! triumphed over formidable attack combined Dy Prince Menchikoff. After the repulse of the Sth of Novemher the Russians thought mo more of attaching the allies, Bat then, too, the position of the latter was Can- robert urged an assault. Reglan ee ‘eheir generals which the former repelled. di 'd down to 14,000 men. Five of were left on the field of Iokermann. Brown, Evans, and Cambridge were compelled to retire, The writer thus sums up the whole:-— After the 5th of November, the allied 7, setting aside the Turks, amounted to 58,000 men. Now, after all reinforcements destined to fill up all vacancies. after the arrival of the two new divisions of De Salles and Du- re the allied army does not amount to more than 64, antes ete. The expedit is condemned; the first campaign has been disastrous. The Em) r knew the truth, the whole truth, as to the of Marshal St, Arnaud—as to the merit of General Canrober—as to the i nce of the fortifi- cations of Sebastopol—as to the dangers of an invasion of the Russian torrirory—as to the perils of every win- ter campaign in this country under the 45th as under the 57th degree of latitude. It is for him to advise. Eng)and, which bas set itself to seek the causes of the ruin of its fine army, knows the trath, all the truth, as to the means of combatting Russia effectively, and atriking at her heart. It is for her to reflect. The two governments know the whole extent of the evil. We know that they only persevere now in the ex- pecition to the Crimes for the honor of their arms. But we also know that they perseve by vystem in the fatal ey of the last two years. From one end of Furope to the other there is but one voice, one opision, one judgment, upon this policy, upon its present conse- quences and ite future resu'ts. \Paris, (March 7,) bape ei of the Manchester juardian, I believe I can, with something like certainty, aftirm that your London contemporaries are all of them mis- taken as to the affair of the famous brochure attributed toNapoleon Jerome. About three weeks ago the famous brochure, entitled De la Conduite de la Guerre d’ Orien., &o., was rent by some unknown hand strait to the Tuil- eries, and carefully read by the Emperor. After perus- ing it, the order was givem to the police to discover, by alland any means, the author of the pamphlet, and the report sent in by the police agents came to the’ positive conclusion that Napoleon Jerome was the sole author of it. ‘The Emperor then forwarded instantly thin report to the Pr Royal, without any acoompanying remark. Young Jerome, violently incensed, snatched up a pen and wrote to his imperial cousin a letter, furious and formal, at onee, in which, calling him’ ‘sire,’ and “Your Majesty,” against his wont, he positively sig- nified his determination to abandon the title and position of prince of the blood, and to re-descend into private hfe, and become once more a simple bourgeois, at liberty to go and come ashe chore, and not be dogged, trackeiand worried, like » lin abe custom: house officers, The letter wan a violent, in form a stiffly respectful one. An instantaneous answer was iit, och way- ing, ‘Come to the Tuileries tmmediately; 1 must *peak toyou,”’ The reply to this was—‘I am no longer a prince, but a private individual, and as such I presume to disobey you, and profit by my liserty to go and dine This is a rich Polieh noblemaa, who had srranged a dinner for the Lundé gras the first day of the last carnival week. A second answer was brought je oa You hep tpl SFeaigr ies en- fant): I must speak a;’? and, accor ly, next day the cousins met. Fringe Napoleon, it is asserted, ‘was very Joud and bitter in his rej chos and reerimina- tions. ‘The Emperor ix said to have taken quite a tender tone, and to have repeated over and over, ‘I never be- Heved » word of all that was said against you; you are my only keir, after ail.” je end of the very long interview was a complete re- conciliation The densest mystery hangs over the au- thorship of the pamphlet still, But neither M. de Girar- din nor M. Béxio bas ever been seriously thought of at court as implicated im the matter. In recounting what passed at a council held at Varna, the pamphlet puts a speech of some forty or fifty lines into the mouth ef Na- poleon Jerome, who, no far from being present, was nei- ther at the council nor even at Varna; but the prince himself admits that those forty or fifty lines are not only what he should have said had he been nt, but that they are said as he should have said, whatever he might have desermined to say; and his intimate friends declare that the perronality of Plon Plon is 60 seived upon, so Hy bate to the life, that it is almost impossiple to lieve any other than himself could be the writer. The Par!s correspondent of the London News, writing on Mrreh 34, ie elon 52 Emile de Girarcin, who for a long time past bas abstained, for reasons which he has indi rectly mace known, from signing any article in the Presse, afiixes bis name this evening to the following curious paragraph relative to the Brussels pamphlet whieh has made so much noise:— The government which porsesses so many and such juissant meane of investigation, having complained to the courts of law in Belgium revpecting a pamphlet pxb- Mahed in Brussels, entitled (‘On the Conduct of the War in the Fast; the Crimean Expedition—-a Memoriai ad dressed to the Government of the Emperor Napoleon III. ‘by a General Oficer’’—must by this time know who the thor is. How, then, ean it be accounted for that the ed truth has not yet been beds to hght, and that the stupid rumore which attribute 10 me some sort of participation In the composition ond publication of th Yamy hlet have not thus been dispelled? All who know me must be certain that no conmderation whatever would bave induced me, even in carnival time, to dis- guise myself as a General Officer; and if the production which bas been ro much talked of dur the last ten ere the work of a general officer, it is to be presumed that he would etthor not have aunoanced his it that he would bave signed his name, There are ituations which do not bind men by halves, as re eertain characters whieh never elude responsi- Board of Ten Governors. The fen Governors held their weekly meeting in the Rotunda Tuesday afternoon, being present Governor Joseph 8. Taylor, West, Duke, Tieman, Henry and Smith The following is the ‘report of the number of inmates at the following pubiic institutions at the close of the lant week — Bellevue Hospital 805 Randall's Isl 808 Lunatic Asylum, Randal He 216 Abwshouse.. City Prison ... 382 Penitentiary Second Dist. Pri oo, 18 Peo. Fh re Third District Prison. 2a fm Wkhe: Colored Home 835 Col'ra Orphan fm dloshs, 2 Children at nurse. 20 346 10 —-1,516 Remaining... dasdsvsssedhen betes css Q Ql After neveral resolatiens of no special importance, the following was offered by Gov. West, and pasned noanimourly— Resolved, That this Board notice with prompt action of the Legislature in origina’ ination of .be disreputable scenes at sland, on the ogasion of their recent visit, and jepart- ment eMfecttally offer to farnish all proof and informa. tion in reference to the same, to the emi that their ho norabie guests may be fully exculpated in the premiser. The Bopréd then adjoyrped. leasure the am. INANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. peer A keibien MONBY MARKET. Wepnespay, Maroh 28—6 P. M. The stock market opened heavy this morning, 80 far as fancies are concerned, but there was about the usual activity in operations, fhe tendency, from the opening to the close, was downward. At the first bosrd Indiana 5’s fell of 4 per cent; Vir- ginis 6's, }; Missouri 6's, 3; Illinois Central bonds, 4; Canton Company, }; Nicaragua Tranait, 3; Cum berland Coal, 4; Erie Railroad, j; Hudson River Railroad, 4; Cleveland and Toledo Railroad, 1; Pa name Railroad, 1. Reading Railroad was the only steady stock on the list. State stocks were rather weak, and a large amount was pressing for sale. Most ofthe transactions were for cash. Railroad bonds were rather quiet this morning, principally leading railroad bonds, and the demand is pretty nearly supplied. Prices have got above the view of purchasers, and the probability is that for a time there will not be much done. Most clase of speculators who have been ¢! cause of the recent rise in prices for generally, are pretty well filled up, and looking about to realize. This may put amount of stock on the market at s time buyers are scarce. A reaction in prices may fore take place, and for a time be somewhat pressed, This movement is only likely to place in the poorest clase of fancies. After the adjournment at the board, the following af ut sERE esfEdi 10 shares Shoe and Leather Bank... 168 do. Greenwich 136 do, 50 Astor a United States Life do. Excelsior do. Home do. J. Thompson, by R. N. Latham, auctioneer, sold to day the following list of State bonds, for account of the Dlinols Hquidating banks :— For Mechanica’ and Farmers’ Bank. Albert H. Nicolsy’s regular semi-weekly auction tale of stocks and bonds will take place t>mor tow, (Thursday,) at 12} o’clock, at the Merchante’ Exchange. The list will comprise a variety of de- rable eecurities. At the second board @ little better prices were realized. Erle Railroad advanced j per cent; N York Central Railroad, 3; Nicaragua Transit, +; Delaware and Hudson, Louisana 6s, 3. Illinois Central Bonds declined j per cent; Reading Riil- road closed at prices current at the first board. We see slight inclinations of o dull, inactive period in the sto.k market. The old class of buyers ap- pear to be exhausted. They are desirous of real- izimg, and cannot be calculated upon to relieve the market in the event of large quantities of atock pressing for sale. / ‘The transactiors at the Assistant Treasurer's of- fice to day, were as follows:— Paid on Treasury account, $21,928 37 Received do. 2 131,609 65 Balance do. 607,894 39 Paid for ansay office. 11,614 73 Paid on disbursing check 16'356 40 The steamehip Africa, from Boston for Liverpool, to-day, carried out $779,000 in specie. The paying teller of the Merchants’ Bank of Bos- ton, was a defaulter to the institution for $50,000, which he paid up just before committing suicide, by certifying two checks, which were paid by the At lantic and the Grocers’ Bank of Boston. The Superintendent of the Banking Doparimeat bas given notice that the cirenlating not:s issued to H. B. Bennett, an in‘ividual banker (Bank of Baia bridge, Penn Yav,) must be presented to the de partment for payment within two years from the 27th inst. The Commissioner of the Sinking Fond of Ohio advertises that he will pay 3 per cent preminm oa apy amount not exceeding the sum of $500,000 of certificates of the Ohio Six per Cent Loan, payable after the 3lst December, 1856, if presented for re- demption at any time after the date of the noiive, and prior to th> 15th June, 1855. ‘The warrants entered in the Treasury Deppart. ment, Washington, on the 26th inst., were:— For the payment of stock...... a ae For the Interior Department. The Boston Herald publishse the anvexed list of the dividends declared hy the banks of that city, which will be paid on Monday, the 2d of April, 1855:— Boston Bank Divinenns, Arar, 1855, Banks. Capital Stock, Dividend. | Amount. Atlantie...... $500,000 4 * i ° 3 94 ‘ 4 4n 4 33g ae 4 4 ; 4 | 4 48,000 6 20,000 4 40,000 ‘ 20,000 4 20,000 ‘ 20,000 5 000 315 25,600 3 12,000 4 10'000 4 160,000 a 26,000 ‘4 40,000 4 40,000 ‘ 30,000 r 40,000 3M 63,000 5 50,00) ‘ 24,000 4 50,000 4 40,000 Py 280 iaibon oe $1,230,050 | Trot yet made np. +8 per share, ‘The dividends are the same as In October last, ex- cept the Bank of North America, which is } per cont; Boylston }, Broadway 2, Washington }, less than they paid then. The Maverick Bank, at East Boston, has been in operation bat six months, aud | has earned all its expenses for bank furniture, plates, &c., besides the dividend ot three per cent. The Eliot, National, Freeman’s, Stawmut, Black- stone, Broadway, Mecbanica’ and Washisgton, have increased their capital, most of them to the full extent grented by the last Legislature. ‘The Pittsburg Gazette anys: — On Tnesday no less than eleven bank bills were parcel, which, ad to there already passed and those yet re maining on file, will make some twenty banks either chartered or rechartered, or favored with an increase of capital. Philadelphia gets ber share of the number, Pittsburg gets one, and one or two other pluces where banks are needed fet, one; bat ‘the titles to the Dilla asned indicate that very Tsay of the new banks are cated at small places, having little need of such insti- tutiony, Canonsburg, in Washington county; Pleasant. in Westmoreland county; Lockha ton county; Stroudsburg, in Monroe county, and other places of that calibre, each get » bank, ani if the other ama) towns and villages of the Commoawealth bave not fared as well, it is because they did not anti- their lucky chance and niwke application in Btate a fow days”: , to define the law in re!ation to grace on sight-drafts and checks payable on a day subsequent to date. It provides that all drafts or bills of exchange drawn at sight shall be deemed due and payable on presentation, without grace. And all checks or drafts upon banks or bankers, drawn payable on a day sabsequent to date, shall hereafter be deemed due and payable on the day of matarity, without grace; nor shall tt be nesessa"y or lawfy] to protest the pame for nop areeptance. The value of m warehoused in for the week end'ng March 23, 1485, was ss follows: Warehoused for Canada— Tay Bod oon: nn.gee is id oe, ee . $803,101 “The following table exhibits the the length, cost, and receipts for 1853 and 1854, of the railroade of Maine:— RaltRoaps or Maisx—Lxevora, Cost, axp Raayines. — ao Cost, 1953. 1864, $6,019,929 $316,038 $470,6ar 2,196,334 154,106 178,853 343,817 19,152 29,398 , 178,283 © 48,138 44,880 277,770 98,038 31,640 2,613,410 177,003 287,357 100,000 9818 7} Por’d, Sac & 511,815,976 282,077 2 York ’& Cumberl’d 18 = '765,018 4,301 0, 712 Buekfield Branch, 12 — — ~ Total..,........404 13,759,988 $1,049,730 $1,280,226 According to this, the receipts in 1853 averaged only eight per cent on the total cost, and in 1854 only nine per cent. This did not begin to pay. ‘The Board of Trade returns of Great Britain give the annexed exhibit of the declared value of mer- chandise exported from porta of the United King- dom for the months ending February 5, 1854 and 1856:— Commence ov Great Barramw—VaLor or Exrorra. Month end’g wonky 1854. 865, Hab’y and millin’y H. ware & cutlery Leather. Pp 36,2), 23 Beste, + £6,692,542 6,464,799 The exportation of cotton manufactures shows a large increase, owing, it is stated, to the hopes of. aud prevent the necessity of curtailment. ; The Philadelphia Ledger aays:— Instead of the new reciprocity treaty with Canada ’ bringing coal to compete with our native eoal to an im- jurious extent, it enable us to —— coal large- Penne Casaden, With the tee, was shipped rom Oswego in 1862, 4.222 tons; in 1863, 5,847 tons, and in 1854, 10,879 tons—total 20,068 tons, as the custom Sian ter ree reas eee show ere was a total ex) ia of 80,276 tone, This ex} vill be Rete that may port now, especially of anthracite coal. The come from Pictou, and that which eomes from pe, cy bituminous, and cannot compete with the anthra- cite, The annexed statement exhibits the average daily condition of the leading departments of the Boston banks for the week preceding Monday morning, March 26, 1855:— 45,907 164,753 Total ...,..962,085,005 3,844,551 14,299,698 6,007,000 A comparison of the above aggregates with those of the statement for the previous week, exhibits the following results :— March 19, 2.255,2 Stock Exel WEDNESDAY, Mareh 28, 1855. $10000 Ind State ’s. S135 50 she C. Ch. Co. 16600 do... 34° «100 A 000 d0....... 101 200 do. 5000 C&RIBRBds, 4 260 Harlem RR. A WehaD& HC Co. 124 200 do. 3235 bg 600 Reading RR. 4 400 a ¢ 200 Mt 10Clev. de Pityg. RR. 16 Panama RR... BOARD. 50 shs I Orn RR. «3 20 Cle & To! RR. on CITY TRADE REPORT. Wrosrspay, Maroh 28—6 }", Avthe.—Pales of 25 bbly.; market uacl Buxavsrvvrs.—The market continued firm, without moment in prices. ‘The sales about 006 bd! Juded ia whish were common © + $9 a $9 50; Included extra. Canadian was firmer, of the day were} nr ard corn were 150 bushels com ern wi at $2 25, ‘The marbet was steady with leas The sales ew braced about 18,000 bushels, inelnding Southern 8 Me. at 97e.; and and white, at 98e, sales embraced 1.500 bushels at $1 32 wan held at $1 60. Corvin —Sales of 700 bags St. S34. ; $00 do. Rio at Ile. a 11 \e., 160 do Favannilla atl sc,, and 100 mete J Corton. —There wae wore doing, and