The New York Herald Newspaper, March 11, 1855, Page 6

550 TSE NEW YORK DISPENSARY. Whe Sixty-ffth Annual Report—Interesting Statement in Reference te the Poor of New York. ‘The annoal report of this valuable institution has Just beon issued, and as it contains many facts and in reference to the condition of the la boring clasees in our city, we publish it this morn- ing in full. The propriety of making the district phyeisians perform the duty of Health Wardens, is & suggestion that merits attention: — New York has five les, all arranged the same jlan, and which have increased in an “ as the city extended its limits, in order that the sick poor may, Without inconvenien:e, be supplied with medical care. The perfection of the system is the admiration of strangers, and the amount of good done is immense; yet we believe that it is little known or appreci , except by the few wha, from comnection with these institutions, have be- come familiar with the quality and extent of their The mother institution is our own--“the New York Dispensary.” She has now reached her sixty- fifth Pall and bas annually between forty-five and housand patients under her charge, viz: Number vaccinated. Cupping and dentristry 46,052 The announcement of this fact is suggestive of ita importance, aud we would, om this occasion, give some general outline of its labors, in order to satisfy our , and, if possible, excite a Cfisaind inter- est in its support, which its quiet beneficence is not calculated to attract. At this period of commercial denver, when fbr Regs high, the winter ‘Bo vere, and many ved of employment, and a ge- neral movement is manifested by the charitable to he pee _ quan fn ‘$ we Cy show wor! sary engaged Undoubtedly we shall have a largely increased number thrown upor our bounty who, in ordinary Sealers have been able to provide their own hy ak e Situated at the corner of White and Centre streets the New York Dispensary is designed to furnish medical attendance to the fae in this thickly set- tled portion of the city. building is three-sto- ries ‘ height. The first floor is divided for two large reception reoms, one for the male and the other for the female patients, who are able to come to the dispensary, not being ill enough to require attendance at their homes. At the northern side of this floor is the apothecary’s shop, which has a win- dow looking into each reception room, through which prescriptions are passed and medicines re- ceived. Communicating with the reception rooms are ler rooma—the consulting rooms —where the patients are registered and prescribed far. At the south side of the first floor is the den: , cupping and bleeding room, and called the house physician’ » ter for district patienta is kept, and where the vao- cination is performed. The rest of the building, with the exception of the trustees’ room on the se- cond flour, and a small part of the basement, which is ocoupied by the person who has the care of the building, is rented, and is one of the sources of profit to the institution. The medical staff consists of tweuty physicians, as fe 3:—The house physician and assistant house physician, ten attending physicians and six district physicians. In addition to these, there are two Other attending physicians, who are not appointed to aay particular post, but who stand ready, at amo- ment’s warning, to fll any vacancy that may ovcur. Besides re are an apothecary and an assist- ant apothecary. The house physician has the general superintend- ence of the Dispensary, and, under the trustees, is the chief executive officer. His especial business is to enter in the register the names of all appli ants who require medical attendance at their houses; to report to the truetees monthly, and also at the expi- ration of every year; to have charge of the vaccina- tion, and always keep on hand a full supply of vac- cine matter for the use of the Dispensary and for le. During the last year it was directed tha‘ ths sum of twenty-five cents should be demandsd from each [eae vaccinated, as a guaranty of their return to ¢ Dispensary on the seventh day after the operation was performed, when the sum should be refanded; but, in case the person vaccinated did not return, it was to be forfeited to the Dispensary. Tue rule became necessary from the indifference of pacents, or from their prejudice against having matter taken from their children; so that the house physician, to his great inconvenience, was obliged to seek for them at their dwe'tings, in order to keep a sufficient sapply for the demand made upon him. This regu lation bas worked well, and ought to be continued. ‘The vaccination department is one of the most important that can be established in any large city, for it ia the only safeguard against that most terri- ble of all calamities, the ravages of the smallpox. No one can fail to appreciate the good done, when informed of the extent to which it is practiced, aud the oare here taken in its performance. This de- partment alone, so beneficial to rich and poor, ought to interest every individual of the commuaity, aad make the Dispensary popular. A statement of a few facts will show that our encomiums are not emake oe The present house physician, Dr. Parkinson, has now held this office for thirteen years, during which time he has fitted himself for the post by acquiring a know- ledge of the French, German, and S .anish lan- gui 80 astobe able to converse with the pa- fients in these different tongues. For the last nine years he has introduced a system of lettering, in the register, opposite to the name of each mn Vac- cinated,s0 as to be able toaccount for all the virns used, aud trace it back from patient to pa- tient through this long period of time :— Money paid Dispensary Fear. from Saleof Virus. 184 0 41 184 57 70 184 60 80 184! 91 55 1846. 10l 76 184’ 62 18 1848. 95 00 88 00 77 83 138 37 179 26 e 177 73 1864, 510 83 paves vnceessSOy ae total, since his connection with the insti- tution, of twenty-eight thousand seven hundred aad twenty-six persons vaccinated, and an acquisition, h his means, to the treasury, of $510 83! and A yet the salary paid to him by the trustees for such faithful services is only $650 per annum! It would be preposterous to speak of such a sum as an ade quate compensation; but it is all that the limited resources of our treasury have been able to afford, In connection with the above account, if we re member that two thousand two hundred and fifty- five points of virus have been gh or gold to dif- tereat pbysicians in and out of the city, who have a plied t to the Dispensary as the never-failing source of fresh virus, and who have transmitted it indefi- nitely throughout the community, we must admit that this institution has aig oy claims upon the support of the pnblic. It has, undoubtedly, in thousands of instances, warded off coi m, or disarmed it when it has appeared. The thanks of the trustees are due to Dr. Parkinson for his fidelity in these services, and the city is ander obligations to him as a public benefactor. The assistant houss physician performs all the cupping, bleeding, and teeth extraction, and da- ring the year has between six and seven thousand ene under his charge. His labors, like those of house physician, require his constant attend- ance at the daily, from 9 until 2 0’clock, the best part of the day, which must interfere ementially with the re; pursuit of his profes- sion. His salary is $350 per annum. The attending physicians visit the dispensary one hour daily, from 9 anti] 2 o'clock, so that there are always two physicians on duty atthe same time, the one on the and the other on the female side. In case the rooms are overcrowded, the house phy- sician is authorized to call upon the two assistant attending physicians, to prescribe for patients, who otherwise might be neglected or detained inconve- niently long The attending physicians have easisr dutier than other medical officers, and consequently are not galaried. The nnmber atvended by them yearly amounts to more than 25,000 patients. Poe proportion of women and children is far greater than that of the men. Chronic diseases and « mul- titade of — illnesses and casual injaries, met lation, which are not se Tae crank tarcontes them to their homes or waft their undivided attention, the Trustees wish to re- gard ‘the benefit of potionta, in a liberal 0; for, these Byte ime ho remin, othe pena Honea the time the growth of their private pe oblige them to resign their posts at physicians ha of those who are Me pl ape oe Tie pectin of Soe ot included in their limits contains Five Points ond f the city, po wharve: which live the great tases ef the. take popula who dapend the commerce of the city for their support. Most of these are in easy circumstances; but is aleo large multitude of im, ident persons, who, in or- dinary times, gain only a us livelihood, or who are reduced by destitution and crime to the ex- treme of de; ion. They crowd the damp cellars and 1l)-ven dwellings in narrow alleys, where fiith and drankennese unite with starvation in caus ing premature death. In these places the most de- cent portion of the sonelaion: by enter, and con- eequently know only by hearsay of their existence. The clergyman and the district physician are the only ones who bring ray of hope to these miser- able abedes. The one consoles the repentant and the dying with the prow of a better fature in another world. The physician is their only support and encouragement in this world. If they require medicines and medical care they have them, in aud through him. If they need food and fuel, he applies in their behalf to the authorities, and becomes in a measure, the almoner of the city’s bounty. If they are destitute of friends to take care of them, as well as meaus, or if they are affected with fevers and other unmanageable diseases, which may extend their ravages irom this centre of contagion, where every- thing conspires to ferment their virulence and thus endanger the public health, he has them removed to the hospitals. The district physicians do, then, perform the du- ties of a medicai police to the city. They meet disease in its origin, and announce its progress when dangerous, and the inhabitants live in seouri- ty without a feeling ef obligation to the Dispensary, or # thought of what they owe to their arduous and dangerous labors. The Icity is protecied by their vigilance, and yet the only compensation allowed to each for these invaluable pubiie services is $200 per annua, ‘The apothecary and his assistant are employed in furnishing the medicines as prescribed by the phy- sicians; and, as it is their daty to compound, as far as practicable, all the medicines used, it must be manifest that great industry must pervade this de- artment, and that almost every moment of the en- jire day must be occupied by them in the business ot the preseat apothecary 1s intelligent and resent apothe is gent and accom: plished in his fixie! The average number of prescriptions put up daily is about three hundred and sixty-five. His salary is $550, and that of his assistant is $250 per aunum. The business of the trustees is to superintend the working of the machinery, t> facilitate the labors of the physicians, to rd the just rights of all, to ap- peal to the public for aid, and be able to show that efficiency and economy prevail throughont the in- stitution. For these purposes we have monthly meetings to receive the reports of the pbyvicians and attend to the general business of the dispensary, and have appointed a treasurer and different com- mittees for visiting the institatien and for furnish. ing supplies, &c. @ bill for medicines is about $1,200 per annum, and the sum paid for salaries haa been a little short of $3,000. The entire expense of the dispensary, including insurance, repairs, &c.,is about $5,000 per annum, and since there are about fifty thousand patiente treated, the expense of each patient will be about 10 cents. Our donation from the State is $1,000 per annum, and from the city $1,000. The rest of our income is mostly derived from rents, and from private sub. scription. Attention is invited tothe Treasurer's report, for the particulars of the receipts and ex- NEW themselves at our expense. I would appl: wo them, as I would spply to you and coe that triots, the I , Mie who not for his own household is devoid of faith, and worse an in- fidel;” and I would show to yon that, instead of so regulating our commerce with fo. nations as to protect our currency, the effact of a low rate of ad valorem duties must be to give additional Jacilities for the export of our specie. The effect of @ sudden demand tor bullion in the bank of England } to compel merchants and manufacturers to ratse money by a sacrifice of their merchandige. Do you euppose that any B.itish merchant or manufactarer wii sell his goods in that market ata sacrifices, waen he can, in less than thirty days, sexd them to New York, tell them at auction, aud obtain the proceeds in specie? If he sells in id, he will destroy his own credit, and affect in nHonay ie rice of such merchandise; whereas, by York, he can obtain from London bankers much the varger part of the value of the invoice, and by im- riing the proceeds in specie, he will recruit the bullion in the Bank of England, and thus relieve the money ‘Tbe effect, nowever, of this tion will bs to inflict ruin on the honest American merchants and manafacturers, and, by contracting tne carreacy, depreciate the value of our property; for, if a British manufacturer fiads it nesessary, under such circumstances, to send merchandise to New York, to be sold at a sacrifice, he knows what arsicles are suited to this market, and by duplicating the orders which he has received in ths regaiar course of trade, he is enabled to forestal the Amerisan merchants, who finds goods of the same style and pattern, from the same manufacturer, sold auction a: a rate preatly below the price that he has paid for them England. 1s it just or right to charge that he has overtraded? or that his in 108 led to a com- traction ot the ourrency? Yet such is the fashiona- ble explanation of a monetary crisis. Such is the effect on the merchant. The effect on the manufac: turer is no lees unjust, nor is it lessrainous. The manufacturer must fail if he cannot sell. How can he sell if the Bank of England is permitted to com- 1 the British manufacturer to send his goods to ew York, and seli them at a price a0 much below their coat that to sell them in ee dae at the same price would ruin, not cay ies who is thus compell- ed to sell, but great] jto injare all others who are engaged in producing the hike articles. 1% wise to permit the Bank of Kagland torecrait her bullion from the vaults of our banks, when Eng- land refuses to permit us to recruit our bullion from her vaults? Here, again, I refer you to the fact that the value of the property of a commercia! na- tion is as thirty to one of its currency; and you will see that in addition to the injustice done to the honest merchant and manufacturer, to whom it brings ruin, the loss to the community, in the depreciation of property, is as thirty to one of the contraction of the currency. And permit ime to remind you that the contraction will be ia the ratio of the export of specie, which must be much greater than the loss upon the merchandise; for, a8 the purpose of sending it here will be to ob- tain specie, the value of the whole invoice will be remitted—thos, ssy that merchandise to the value of ten millions of dollsrs be sent to New York and penditures. We have endeavored to show in this annual report that we have done an immense amount of at 8 moderate cost, and to leave it to be inferred that, if it were no; for our or- ganization, the city would, every little while, be alarmed by the spread of disease, or aroused by the outcries of the sick and dying, to make hasty and imperfect arrangements for their relief, at an ex- pense surpassing, by many thousands, the small sum. now required to support the already established ais- MSATy. Pethe donation from the city and State is a small acknowledgment of its value; but we especially regret the smallness of our sul ‘tion list, for this shows a surprising indifference, arising, probably, from ignorance of the public benefits conferred. The trustees sre anxious to enlarge their means, in order that all their officers, with the exception of the attending pbysiciane, may be adequately paid. We wust have competent men, or else the dispen- sary will lose favor with the patients and the public. I's efficiency depends upon it. There is an injustice in taking advantage of the necessities of valuable men, by depreciating their services and offering them a pittance so disproportionate even to the wages of the day laborer. Asa remedy, it might be suggested that the dis- trict physicians should be made ‘“ health wardens,” for they are familiar with all parta of the city, and could engage in this work, without neglect of their present appropriate duties. Bat the trastees have nothing to do with urging political appointments. There remain two other ways by which our fands may be increased, viz., by a strenuous effort to get more subscriptions, or by an appeal for aid to the Commissioners of Immigration. ascertained that about one Proportion exits it al departments of be, dlapen. on extets in nts oO is en- ae the Commissioners would, undoub‘ediy, be wilin to admit the justice of this claim for com- pensation, if made by the trustees. Perhaps some arrangement could be made, so that, on pay- ment of a specific sum, the care of all emigrants could be assamed by the dispenrary. Probably some such plan might meet the pecuniary interests of the loners. Gro. T. Trims, President. Jas. F. De Prysren, Secretary. From the Treasurer’s report, we learn that the re- ceipta for the year, from legacies, rents, donations, Siate and city appropriations, &c., amounted to $11,410 34, of which there was expended $11,159 92, leaving @ balance in bank of $250 42. From the report of Dr. Parkingson, house phy- sician, we learn that during the past year: ‘There have been prescribed for at the dispensary-- Males... . + 11,653 Females. 5 Dentistry, cupping, et: Males... Females. Vaccinated— Males... Females... n inquiry we have half of the district Whole number attended at the dispevaary.38,069 ‘There have beeu attended in the districts— Whole number attended during the year. 46,052 Their places of nativity were as followa: — United States 46,052 Gen, Duff Green on the Tariff. To tux Hon. R. M. T. Hunter:— In my last I referred to the effort of the Bank of the United States to establish am agency in London for the sale of American six per cents, in comps- tition with European three per centa, and to the ef- fect of the refusal of the London bankers to pur- chase our State bonds, and of the refusal of the Bank ot England to discount bills drawn on account ot American produce. I said that Mr. Morrison at the last moment, advanced funds to protect the credit of the Bank of the United States, on State bonds, at 95 per cent, which had been worth 106; but I did not explain by what means the bank itself was bro- ken down, and Nicholas Biddle sent, broken-heart- ed, tom premature grave. This I now proceed to do. Having borrowed money on an hypothecation of State bonds, the bank was compelled to pay an in- them entirely for work, are here treated by the ap riate cian. During [sp year the trustees have acceded nest of the attending physicisas, © lee, into “head,” “chest,” “surgical,” they desire, and retain it for the the patients. Young physici in com: their career, astoogh acy seen much they may hat disease in the hos- tet meu wy oteag ow Tatar tk ie jai ians, rea familiar wit! pe cinae by claw, to whlch they can devyte stalment of fifteen per cent to get a renewal, and this prosess was continued until the available means of the bank were exhausted. Then, those who had made the advances, came inand sold the hypothe. cated securities at so low fe rate that an intimete friend of Mr. Morrison told me im London, in 1843, that he bad, that year, realized more than two snd a half million of dollars by the increased value of the securities he had taken from the bank. Do not understand me es charging that Mr Morrison waa guilty of anything improper os © 6British §—@apitalist, Tam endeavoring to illustrate the effect of oar ays tem of commerce, and of the manner ia which the Bank of Ergland acts apon oar currency. I am oa- | desvoring W auow you that aa ours ty the woakor fold, and specie remitted, the effect will be to depreci- ate the value of property three hundred millions. And what will we bave saved to compensate for the loas? If we assume that the goods have been sold at a sa- crifice of twenty per cent, then the firm that may bave purchased these goods may have saved two millions of dollars. whilst the public have lost three hundred millions! If this be not penny wise and pound foolish what is? But [ may be told told that this relates only to the New York merchant and the Northern manu facturer. The Southern planter who does not see that the contraction of the currency is as injurious to him as to any one else, is indeed shortsighted and much to be pitied; but it is easy to prove that, if possibie, he is injured more. Whiet is the process by which the Southern sta- ples are now sent to the Liverpool market? Is it not chiefly by bills drawn by the agenta of British bank- ers or British manufacturers? These agents go to Charleston, Savannah, Mobile and New Orleans with nothing more than letters of credit. mae, draw apoa New York and get the notes of the local banks, with theese they advance some seventy-five or eighty per cent of the current value of cotton upon bills of ladiag consigned to their preses in Lehre ee When the bill upon New York becomes dve, it is paid for by a bill upon Liverpool, and before that becomes due the cotton must be sold to meet the payment. Do you not see that the Southern planter furnishes the capi: tal to pay the British bill of exchange? And yet he pays a large profit in the shape of interest, ex- change and commissions, and pla:es his cotton in the hands of the British merchant or banker, whose sympathy is with the British manufacturer, and whoee duty and interest it isto create a balance of inst the United States. Such is our commerce, as now regulatei by Con- Ves Do you ask forthe remedy? Do you askif would enact a high duty or # prohibitory tariff? I reply, by no means. | repeat that the greatissue on which the fate of nations depends is fiaancial, and that go fer as we are concerned, it is not a question between the North and the South, but it is a ques tion between London and New York, which shall bs the great financial centre of the world; and that the solution of this question involves the issue between the monarchies of the Old World, and their system of taxation, represented by their public debt, and the republicanism of the New World and our system of progress, represented by our raliroade as the basis of credit; and the purpose of these letters is to con— vince you and the South that it is in the power of the American Con, to #0 “regulate” our com- merce as to “‘reguiste” the “value” ef our money, and thus give such strength to our m as lace it beyond the contingencies which now pro- juce periodical expansions and contractioas, a ing the value of Logg y and changiog most an- j the relations between debtor and creditor. Of this I wili speak in another letter. Your sincere friend, Dorr Gremx. Wikoff—Greeley—Barnum, [From the Savannah Republican, Feb. 10.] ‘These three chevaliers—as unlike in some respects a a Hottentot, a Camanche, and a Cossack of the Don, and with acarcely a shade of difference in other icuiars, ag in their mutual desire to ope- rate upon public credulity—these three notorious adventurers in literature, have each written a book. That by Wikoff is entitled “My Courtship and ita Conse quences;” the second is known as the ‘Life of Horace Greeley, Editor of the New York Tvibune;”’ the third bears the more dignified and imposing title of “The Autobiography of P. T. Barnum, Esq.” Greeley’s book is flat and stale, abounding in nis social and political vagaries; Barnum’s is excessive ly vulgar—the worst of his humbugs; bat Wikoff’ courtship is piquant, romantic, and rich in the ea- prices of lovere. Whatever may be said of the pro- priety of hia conduct as a lover, or of the publica tion of the coquetries which he and his fair inamo- rata played off upon each other, it cannot be denied thet book is well written, and as (ull of romantis interest as any novel which the press has thrown upon Japonicadom for many months, ‘Times, however, bave come to a via pass when three such soldiers ot fortune are allowed to oecupy copspicuous tious in the ranks of literature. We were wont to believe, in onr earlier days, that it required much previous stady and a high order of talent to write a book. Mental discipline, ex- tensive reading, affluence of language and ideas, and vigorous intellect, were necessary, according to our vulgar notions, to authorize one to undertake to instruct his fellows. The ancient classic writers, whose thoughts, like golden sands, have been wash- ed down tons by the stream of time, made this ation and possessed this authority, Se did re, the incomperable; so did Johnson, Swift, Addison, Pope, Fielding, Sterne, Burke, the author of Junius, Scott, and their worthy compeers; and #0 do Irving, Dickens, Balwer, and Thackeray. But who troubles himself now-a-days ts look for the pearls at the bottom of the fountain, whon there are #0 many pretty bubbles floating on the surface? What novel-reader of these latter days bas the temerity to prefer the immortal productions of Piel. and Smollett, aud Scott, to the sickly sentimentaiities of astion and Famine,” or a cir- cumstantial account of the impudent humbugs of Phineas T. Barnum, or the biography of Horace Greeley, the ite coated philosopher? These an- cient worthi fogies, not to be mentioned ia the lee seme breath with their mottled successors. He is | a bold man who dares to compare DeFoe with Che- valier Wikoff; or LeSage with Barnum; or Cer- vantes, the incomparable author of Don ‘ixo! with the socialist author at the head of the Tribune! There is sacrilege in the very thought—at least to Young Amerioa. We have read of the golden age; this is the bra- ren. Toate ls in this day and generation more m- pudence thas taste—more trick than learning— more tinsel than subeta: Men are content with the flower and do not seek ti . The to ¢ a ducing oh eevee Yaasegun” YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, MARCH ll, 1855. Notices of New Publications. Harrze’s Magazom for March is perhaps the beat namber ever issued. In point of iliustrations it certainly is eo. Some of the illustrations to Headley’s narrative of Strain’s journey across the Isthmus are among the best, if not the best, wood cuts ever published in this country. We regrat to say that the narrative is not in keeping with them. It is not up to the Harper level in point of finish; and though the subject is intensely {uteresting, the story is much disfigured by Mr. Hzadley’s good. natured, but clumsy, attempts.to show Strain in the best light possible, and to decry the natives who accompanied him. The paper on Artillery aud that on Rattlesnakes are both excelleat; and hava already been perused by nine-tenths of the reading public in the United States. Tae second number of the European Dynasties follows; the Bourbons of Spain being the subject. Thackeray's Newcomes mproves as it go on; and bids fair to justify Blackwood’s “judgment upon it, viz. that it is the best work that has issued from his pen. Baby Bloom, an interesting, if not an original little story, completes, we believe, the list of h»me-made matter. The Editor’s Table is lesa objsctionable than that of last month; though hardly as popular as might be wished. Finally, a series of excellent carricatures by Dopler, on the Police, completes the number. Purnam’s Monruty has been excelled by some of ita predecessors. It contains, however, some ex- cellent articles. Herman Melville has brougot his “Israel Potter” to a close. It terminates gloomily. Old Israel returns to his home in Massachusetts and finds a man ploughing where his old cottage stood, and hears that all his foik have ‘gone West.” Jadg- ing from matters haeti!y read, Israel Potter would appear to be the best of Herman Melviile’s novels. The review of Charles Dickens {s able and apprecia- tive. The last ‘Conversation with Miss Cheater” is good as the first. But the serious articles—which are very numerous in this number—are rather weak and appear to have been written on the con- tract eystem, the subject being dictated by the pub- lisher before hand, and the quantity rather than the quality of the papers being the main point regarded. The editorial notes maintain their reputation; ua- questionably the safest and most reliable literary tribunal in the country. A little more severity in the choice of contributions, and a clorer consulta- tion of the popular taste in their aubject and hand- ling, would ensure to Putnam’s Monthly the support it deserves. Our Tennessee Correspondence. RussHtvILue, t Jefferson co., Tenn., Feb. 23, 1855. Population and Progress of Russelville--Produce of the Country, and Prospects of , Settlers—Emi grants mot to be over-sanguine—Churches and Schools—The Ague and Chills—A Promising People—Industrious Persons Wanted, §c. The population of this village (the terms town and village are synonymous in this country) ia quite small in a numerical sense—though we have every reason to anticipate an early and rapid growth ‘The East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad will pass throngh its suburbs. The grading of the track is now nearly completed, and the cara will be running in a few months. This, too, I am credibly informed, will be the point at which junction and intersection of otber and important roads will connect with the great line of the East Tennessee and Virginia Rail- road, which are now in contemplation—some, in- deed actually in progress. This neighborhood ia probably one of the heaviest producing districts inthe State, lying at an inter- mediate distance between the Halston and Chuckey rivers, which at this point run within about eight miles of each other. Iam acquainted with many persons who reside in this place and immadiate vi- cinity who, a few years ago, were in comparatively ndigent circumstances, who are now worth from $10,- 000 to $30,000. Bankruptcy is as rare here as it 8 common in our large cities. The accumulation of property is frequently slow, but not the less certain, True, much depends upon the individual as well as he place. I believe there is no man pessessed of sobriety, industry and perseverance, who may not nthis section of country eventually suc-eed well, be bis business what it may, and make an easy com- petency. Nor will the diligent and enterprising want for kind encouragement in their early efforta. A gentleman with whom I conversed the other day, in regard tothe prospects of the towa, informed me that he would give a site, covering an acre of ground, to any enterprising young man who would establish upon it afoundry or erect buildings for manofacturing purposes. Heis a merchant and large landed proprietor. Ihave no houses or lands for sale, no merchandise to dispose of, but am free to admit a patural interest in the growth and pro: perity of my country. As I mentioned in my for. mer communication, other motives, at that time spoken of, suggested the correspondence. I sbould exceedingly regret being, though unwil- lingly, the cause of raisiag the expectations of any one so high as to occasion them dizappointmen’ in any respect, after they have journeyed so far as from New York or New Jersey to this place ia search of ahome. Those who should eatabish a business of any kind would necessarily look as much to the surrounding country for patrons as to the inhabitants of the town. = We have no proud domes—no glittering steeples —no gorgeous palaces—no gilded saloons. Let- tere of inquiry have requested some information in regard to the number of churches, &c., in this place. There is one chureh building belonging to the Methodist denomination in rather a dilapidated condition, but a new church e:lifice will be built the ensuing summer. The Presbyterians have a large brick edifice » short distance from the town, and the Baptists more then one in the naighborhood; many of oor toon eng J towns have many excellent eburch buildings, and bank aad court houses, that reflect credit npon the taste of the are: a, and exhibit a munificent spirit in the counties and in- stitutions that caused their construction. I can enumerate four grist miils and five saw mills (yet steam mills would do well) within two or three miles of this place, and many more within twice that distance. Buiiding materiel may be found in ample sbundance—in fact, raw mat Ci almost any kind. East Tennessee has been termed the garden spot of America, and I think she will justly be entit! to that distinction when the network of railroads and river navigation, now in progress and coatsm- plation, shall have fully develo; her immense re. sources. It is a signifivant that during the last season, though the most dry—or to use the expres- ae our rs, ~ ee ie year” within memory—a surplus, a one too, was raised. Though unprecedented within the memory of our oldest citizens as a bad year for grain, thou- sends of bushels of wheat and flour have been and are An exported from this vicinity for foreign mar! kets. The fertility of soil, the “excellence of water, which bubbles out as clear as crystal from ten thou sand natural springs on tho ‘\owning mountain side, or in the green a -the healthfulness of climate, the intelligence citizens posseased by Eost Tennessee—ir my hamble opinion, are unsur- tone by any section of country I have seen, and I ve travelled through more than balf the States, One objection that app srtains to most new coun- tries in the Scuthwest, and which the emigrant dreads more than the wild beast or the more savage red men he encounters in the forests farther Weat, does not prevail here; I allude to that great but in- sidious foe of the Western oo known general in common parlance as “shaking agne,” or “chill and fever.” Some years ago, when the margins of the beautiful streams which meander through our lovely land were imperfectly drained and badly cal- tivated, a severe but not very ‘fatal form ot inter- pegs aah? ny pean some ‘eared of oe Lond 'y, particular! the borders of the ckey, but chills are a rare duvease now, even many miles from our neighborhood. ite—no mercantile like Stewart's —no jam—no Ned Ferrel on N. P. Willis—s Bar- bat the material to make them aa ; we have a land of plenty, rally flowing with milk and honey,ani where caltivated with eminent saocess, by actual ex; } mechanic or energetic capitalist countries ial all, lites the table in relation to stesm. States, and particularly showing the num- ber of steamers built in five successive years, from 1847 to 1852, im the principal ports of the West:— AORORTE, 0.55 oc cssccrrersnvesceccssecence’s 648 Of the above, 548 boats were built on tae waters of the Ohio. It is difficult to ascertain the precise tonnage of steamboats at any one time, but in 1851 it was atated by Secretary Corwin as follows:— Total steamers. ei eidisnie ADL Total tonnage... + 194,342 The increase since 1851 has of coursa been most decided, and it is estimated at about 400 boats. Do- ducting 240 as having been worn out and destroyed, and we have an increase of 160, or aggregate of something like 900. In 1852 the steam tonnage of the several Western ports ranged as follows, ai uns. + 16,950 Cleveland. Sandusk, Buffalo. Aggregate.... 154,250 In the Onl basin 67,650 In the Miasisai Rt basin. 33, In the basin of the lakes... 53,100 The human movement by steamboats for 1851, was also reported b: Lariat Corwin. Exclad- ing ferry boats and all modes of transportation ex- cept steamboats, the following isthe result of the priocipal Western towns:—- Pittabarg.. Wheeling. Cincinnati Lonisrille. Nashville. « 24,340 8. Louis. 367,798 Chicago 85,800 Detroit. 359,430 Toledo. 31,842 Sandusky. 2,190 Cleveland — Mackinaw. - 41,212 Buffalo... « 171,587 B Aggregate. +++ 62,002,890 More than two millions of persons were, io 1851, moved by steamboats on the waters of the west, ex: elusive of the Lower Mississippi. The number ia muob greater now. The commerce of the Missiasippi outlet, both ways, is equal to one hundred and fifty millions. The commerce of the Ohio valley in steamboste is ual to eighty millions; and the commerce of the lakes west of Buffalo is equal to two hundred mil- lions. Of the lake commerce, probably not one-half is done in steambosts. Altogether, we may safely estimate the value of commerce carried on in Wes- tern steam boata at full three hundred and thirty mil- lions! Thus we have of steamboat commerce ih the West, eight hondred steamboats, of nearly two hundred thousand tons, traversing thirty thousand miles of coast, and moving a commerce valued at three hundred and thirty millions of dallors. Opgnine op a Susransion Brings over THE MIs sisirr1—On the 30th ult. the citizens of St. An- ae Minneapolis (Minnesota) celebrated the ce ig of @ wire,suspension bridge over the Mis- ippi river at that place, by a procession, firing cannon, and public dinner. There were sixty sleighsin the proceesion, and they passed over the new roadway twice, amid the cheers of the muiti- tude. The esota Democrat says:— Although the Mississippi in its course between Minnesota and the Gulf laves the bank of nine pros- pores and mighty States, yet to a Territory of the ion, almost without capital, but certainly not without energy, perseverance and mechanical skill, appertains the honor of first “‘ bridging” this noble stream with a magnificent structure, equalling in beauty, strength and durability any suspension bridge in the country. The work consists of a wire suspension bridge of Gee os of 630 feet, and seventeen feet width of way, connection; the western bank of the Mississippi river wit Nicollett island, about 100 yards above the first break of its waters into rapids above the falls. fhe road wey of the bri is laid with white pine plank, spiked longitudinally, and breaking joints with the oor beams. In order to dininiah the vibratory motion in this platform, a truss ia placed on either side, consisting of heavy pieces of timber. The roadway is supported by the cable with suspending cables, made into skeins of such Isngth as to cor- respond with the curvature of the main cables. The suspenders consist eaczh of sixteen strands No. 10 drawn wire. The skeins are fastened under the beams by # small casting. The main cables— two on each side of the bridge—have the same ver- tical deflection; are composed of two thousand strands No. 10 drawn wire. The cables are closely wrapped their entire length with No. 15 anmeated wire. All of the wire ia prepared to resist corrosion, by being immersed in linseed oll at about half its bolling temperature. The cables are sup- ported by wooden towers, built in the most durable manner, the timbers of which they are constructed being held together by heavy cast- ings. The a, upon which the towers reet is fitteen feet in height. The tower part of the towers are designed to sorve as toll-houses. The 8 for cablee is obtained by drilling through a structure of limestone rocks ten feet in thickness, and passing links of one and a half inch Square iron through them, into cast iron plates, weighing in the aggregate some six tons. to the upper series of links passi through the rocks, there will be placed a bar of inch round iron, and this retains in position a second series of links, and a third series is in like maaner attached to these. To these the thimbles of the cables will be connected. All of this tron is embedded in cement. The whole weight of the material suspended, excla- sive of cables, is 183,130 pounds—the greatest load which can be brought upon tne platform, the archi- tect areumes at thirty four horse coaches, weighing 246,000 pounds—thus the weight ef all the sus- (opy matter, exclusive of the main cables, would 427,120 pounds. The general appearance of the bridge a? graceful, and in the highest degrée ornamental. ‘The Pope and Soulouque. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HBRALD. In an editorial article of yesterday's paper, concerning the ridiculous proceedings at Hayti, you say:— “Tt will be seen by the speech of the Abbé Moussa, that Pope Pius IX. regarda the Emperor, Faustin, as one of his most devoted and best beloved sons. We can ‘well believe it,”” &e, Allow me to remind you that not more than a year ago Pius IX., ina solemn allocution in Romo, declared the Haytien government to be ins state of schism, and was not to be considered as part of the Catholic world But Soulouque is too cunning to let the fact be known to the blacks, As they still retain some shadow of faith, the mock Emperor endeavors to persuade them that he is on the best of terms with the Sovereign Pontiff. This duplicity on the part of the black Emperor explains how the bad priests, who have been expelled from their dio- ceses in France and in Spain, and who compose the Haytien clergy, never fail, in their speeches, to speak of the Pope’s affectionate feelings towards Soulouque. For thirty years the Holy See has been employing every means that conciliation and mildness could devise for the re-eatablishment of religion, together with mo rality, in Hayti. Thrice has the Holy Father sent apos- tolic delegates to negotiate concordates with the Empe- ror, but the negotiations have always failed, aa the ne- groes will not modify their immoral laws regarding mar- riages. But Rome, who has already preferred to lose Bogiand, under Henry VIII, rather than compromise with the sanctity and unity of matrimony, is not to be found ready now to bend her principles to gratify the depraved inclinations of Soulouque’s negroes. le disposing of this subject, I may be allowed to remark, that the United states show themselves more accommodating to- wards those who degrade the dignity with which woman has been invested by Christianity, and who seek to bring her back to’ the humiliating condition ot nism or Monamedanism. The star spangled banner floats over the Territory of Utah, and yet the federal goveroment tolerates the polygamy of the Mormons! Politics here being considered of greater importance than morali In 1863, Monsignor Vineent Spaccapietra, ‘portale delegate, was sent by Pius IX. ‘to Boulonque, with the view of bringing about the ecasation of the schismatie condition of Bayti, but met with the greatest obstacle to lie in the lity of the bad priests, who do not care for any authority whose first duty would tend to the reformation of their loose mo- rals, This Prelate is now in Port su Spain, (Trinidad,) aad ina letter he bas done me the honor to write me, success, and found under date of the Oth of June, 1864, he that the Abbé Mounaa is not invested any to power in Haytt, and is not in Rome's dependency, His letter I bold ready for your perusal should wish to see it, ‘The Catholic ‘Church, therefore, yotiaten all respon: sibility in whatever takes place in Hayti, It concerns H. D. ©. ber not. D.C. Naw Yous, Feb. 21, 1355, ‘ introduced penance. All classes of people and all grades conspired in some way. to honer to the great anai- versary of the year. Its have been dimmed—Jes- soned—tarnished in later days, The lights have gone out; the music has been forgotten. Grania, never- thelons, a festival, even in this modern age of utility sad practicability. People have ceased w: end about the streets, disguised as satans and satyrs, momke and marquises. Flour and egga have reverted to their original end of feeding rather tban orname: ting humaa- ity. but Mardi Gras is still a notability, still notably observed. Balls have taken the place treet proces. sions, and innocent in-door amusements made to usurp the former hilarious enjoyments on the streets. As the amusements of all cities are important aida to their prosperity, and ss they are of particular value to our own, we have been to the trouble of visiting the chief of those that, last evening, constituted the celebra- tion of Mardi Gras, and propose giving them such as shal) jafy our friends abroad that winters Orleans continue to be pleasant and amusing, notwith- standing the existence ot low water ana hard times The opera at the Orleans theatre was not so largely attended ax it would have been, had not grand ball followed it, ‘There was, nevertheless, a very full and fashionable house, representing much of the beauty resident and visitant in the city. Most of those present seemed to be arrayed for the ball. The St. Charles theatre had an au- dience of ordinary siz, though by no means commen- surate with the merits of the fair star, or the excellence of the performance, At the Pelican, there waa quite a congregation assembled to judge of ‘the ability of M’lle Nau, and, as at the St. Charles, they seemed to be look- ents of the evenin The other exhibitions were properly attended, The commencement of the evening’s festivities, so far as we were concerned, was a most agreeable surprise Farty at the residence of & lady whose beauty and ae- complishments have rendered hera bright star in our social sphere. The house was elegantly lit up, and the attendance, if not so great, was far more select and fashionable than at any other place we visited during the evening. Most of those present wore in plain or fancy dress, but some were in masks and disguises not only impenetrable to strangers, but impervious te friends and intimate acquaintances. The aessmblage commenced at nine o'clock, at the early hour when ‘we were compelled to leave, the amusements of the even- ing were on the incret ‘rom private to musements, from Blank street to the Orleans The theatre, that had been closed immediately after the performances of the ever were ended, in order that the parquette might be di Over, was once more open. Crowds upon crowds were cae in, and when the interior was gained, it seemed like a dream of the Arabian Nights, that so much could have been so instantly effected. The quette had vanished, and in their place and elegant saloon, lit up with many shandeliera innumerable gas Ughta, surrounded with galleries and boxes, and reemingly filled with the whole ton of the oity. The music, furnished by the orchestra of Eeees, um the direction of M. Fiot, gave life and animation to the ), while, on every aide, Catia | and flirting, inquir- inet i and discov: were visible. fhe coup d’ait grand—it was a sea of beauty and enjoyment, the 8 of which moved in a/l directions, We mingled with the multitude, and instantly found ourselves wi poe nal bro| in arm with a harl ia-whia Ud clei $9 poeaes hood. As barlequin proved by foot and finger, as well as language, to be a female, we were confident that no such relationship existed. A nun presented herself next to our gaze, walking in oor reay with Apollyon and a very antique Druid—venerable enough in appearance to have plucked the first mistletoe. We saw monks and friars, debardeurs, duchesses, montenegrins, ni ia. fact every Pp needter | style of attire and every imaginable costume. The ladies who i cinpen in the usual ball dress were exceedingly beautiful, with hardly a single ex- ception. We heard frequent judgments to that effect from strangers and can verify it ourselves, From the Orleans to the St. Charles, f1 one theatre to another, from France into America. As was the Or- leans, 80 the St. Charles was cloved for a short time af- ter the usual performances, that the room might be pared fora ball, ‘The music for the occasion was far: nished by the regular band, under Mr. Waldaeur, and all the appointments were commendable, We found assem- bled a large and elegant audience engaged in dancing, in promenading and in conversation. Therearere far more of the residents above Canal street to be met at the Bt. Charles than at the Orleans, and both in facea and dresses, they could compare’ well with those of the opera. There wasa Turk who would havo been deemed apative in Constantinople; a duchess of most noble Fy nce; nuns, friars, debardeurs, harlequina, nobles of ail nations, sailors and soldiers of all flags; there were knights-errant and lovely demoiselles; a Coeur de Leon and & Barbarossa, dressed with great taste and a good eye to effect. Those who abjured masks were, necessarily, ‘more perfect in loveliness to the eyes of spectators than those who mystified themselves teboard countenances. We met a little Indy with ue eyes who gave to us a heart-ache not easily over- come, and there was a queenly personage—the cynosure of all eyes—that we would give the description of @ eolumn ‘to, but—but there is no use in indulging in per- sonalitia, ‘or endeavoring to describe all the beauty On the occasion. ‘lhe subject grows on eur id we must Jeave the remainder to some future at shall we say of the assemblage at the Odd Fellows? Hall? It was a crowd—a mob of the fashion and élite of the city. Every part of the great room was thro and motion, in advance or retrogade, utterly ended. grand music of Hooffner’s band, consiating of twenty- four pieces, was unable to infuse life into the mass that kept time to it, or to create room for the dances. We have seen many large balls at the Ud Fellows? elsewhere, but never any equal in size to thet of evening. It was the mammoth of the day, and contained such a variety of characters and costumes as te utterly defy. description. Nine ‘‘Ked Knights,” from, Mobile, were conspicuous beyond others ; then followed Punch, Jonathan, Night, Helen McGregor, # charming Mttle Lizzie with black eyes and a white dress, an unknown demoiselle who mystified ail her admirers and atole gold neils, with a countless number here unnamed. = iful a8 were the belles at other balla, there were none more beautiful than those at the Odd Fellows’, and as the assemblages were elsewhere, this one eclipsed its predecessors. Our notes supply matter for » columa of description, which we may use hereafter. For the present, it can only be said that the utmost capacity of the great Hall, and all the anterooms, was insuiticient to accommodate the throng of masks and fancy dresses that besieged it. Armory Hall rejoiced, also, in the crowd of masks and fancy dresses—in beautiful women and gentiemen— elegantly gotten up. The music was provided by Hoelf- ner, and the “tripping on the light fantastic toe” sur- parsed that at all other assemblages ia continuity and aseiduity, We met there many we had previously met at the Odd Fellows’, Orleans or St. Charles. Our female Harlequin reclaimed a brotherly recog- nition, and blue eyes over a white dress gave us a fare- well smile. There were the congregated nationalities of the world, the reunited peoples of seventeen centuries, whirling themselves around and around, pol&ing, walts- ing and miscellaneously jumping up and down, ball at the Masonic Hail was not s0 as some of the others, snd gave more room for the exertions of the disciples of Terprichore, The lights and all the ar- rangemente were very complete, and those Present evi- dently intended that carnival ld pass out with the highest obsequies. There & constant ¢! a those present—an influx a1 jax from other 5 Dresses that one lady wore elsewhere rebloomed here om another, and the decyphering of individuals became an impossibility. ‘inion in the Fourth district, winds up our his- of Mardi Gras. We had anticipated a small gather- ing here, but it was nowhere an evening ofamall things. The worki, with his wife and family, came out to mace mirth, merriment, and give m . Union Hall was crowded like all others, as at all the otners, youth and beauty whirled around the room to the Prompting of music. There were fancy characters and fancy costumes; fancy dresses and fancy dances. There were many from Lafayette, many from the aon of the First district, and some few from below Ci street. When on ball broke up, daylight may be able to tell— we cannot. Thus observed, Shrove Tuesday ended. Its advent was hailed with more mu i fn the tree eats thas for many years past; with more flow and peltings, more crowae and amusements. Its demise wan worthy of ite initiation, and its funeral ceremonies had all the yeuth, gaiety and loveliness of the city in attendance. We could desire that if such things are its attendants, Mardi Gras might last all che year. Late News from Texas. a4 letter to the Galveston News, dated Fairfield, Feb. sayn— evening of the Sth inst., im the county of Na- slam informed, Wm. M. Love anda Dr Ander- ip the road at or near twilight. Andersom shot without effect. Love fired at Anderson, aad killed him. A Vay disturbance is now going on in that county, which is likely to be very serious. 1 forbear comment. ‘We have by this arrival accounts of more Indian fo- rags. Aletter to the San Antonio 7ezan, dated Fre- derickaburg, Feb. 7, say#:— The Indians in this section have committed some of the most caring, unheard-of ravages in our frontier his- tory. On the first day of the present month a came to Mr. J. E. Doss’s stook rancho, about t miles went of this place, and out of mere wanton craslty killed fifty or sixty head of fine fat cattle, left them or many of them bg Ad touched by aught save the fatal arrow whiel caused their death. Besides this, they have stolen every horse and mule upom which they could lay their bands, in every direction; ond then, as if not satisfied with ‘thus destroying the hard earned property of the peaceable, in*ustrious far- mers, they determined to proceed a step further and imbrue their hands in human gore; being resolved, as it ascertain whether or not there were aay ho would venture to tura out aod chastise y #0 richly deserved. They accordingly, on last Saturday, the 34 instant, came upon s German of the name of Ferch, in woods, whither he had gone to work, and mardered him in the mort horrible manner, having shot him literally full of their accursed arrows’ and after stripping him of every article of clothing of any value, they concealed hia body in small thicket, took his horse end set out again varro, F to seek for other victims | Not Jong did ti have to search until they found another ofportunit, reek- ing their hellish malice. On Monsay, the Beh, a Mr. Thomas Neel, am aged man, the head poe a dence of s numerous family, was on bis way from dericksburg, whether he had gore to procure seme me- cersaries of life, and when about seven or eight mien frem town, and about three or four from his home, too, was eruelly murdered, in the same manner as Mr. Ferch; and after taking his hors, clothes and every ar- ticle calse sbeat hit poremts © dragged his bedy @ few yards from the rosd and left it lying, « rich repast ¥ nies of been, Bangers have bees carried hundreds of m io their atate.