The New York Herald Newspaper, January 28, 1855, Page 3

: a i Ef ul ze i: : 4 5 was lately tried at Vincennes, and was pronousced @ failure. It burst too soon. Some accidents are said to have been oocasion. ed this mishap. The French government is by applications from inventors of new Weapons of destiuction. Among other schemes it ‘i beoppesd tv realize a steam cannon called the A , minutely deseribed in MS. by Leon. itonetrus, ardo da Vinci, dated 1490, which may be seen in the collection of the Institute of France. Leonardo at tributes the merit of this invention to Archi nedes Many cf the sug; mada are ander the consid mn of the milita’y commissions. Some new in ventions have been savctioned, aad will shortly be brought out practically. At St. Chamone the msnu- facture of a new species ot cannon on the princi- pal of the Minie rifle is going on rapidly. These 8 will, it is effirmed, do good execution at a dis- oe of three rfiles. DESPERATE FINANCIAL STRAITS OF RUSSIA. Another new financial measure just pubdlisned will confirm my former statement of the desperate state Cait put to fd’ mouey for ont ring ch ioe put Money for carrying on appears in the shape of an imperial ukase, annual tax of 500 silver roubles (near- ufactories of tobacco and segars, to restrict such tabrications from being as hitherto in private houses for their do- consum, imposed on such private establishmenta. It mast be gratifying to the Ruseians to get an official insight into the mysteries of their Errteent exchequer from the following preamble to the ukase:—‘' In cou- sequence of the rative necessity of Papen our fo rod in the J So yp be ad rane Hen posing new taxes on our ots, we, Roameent -— Correspondence pe Dems News. THE LONDON QUARTERLY REVIEW ON THE czAR's ACOEPTANCE OF THE FOUR POINTS. An article on “The Conduct ot the War,” in the new number of the Quarterly Review, winds up wi:h the following opinions on the new peace n la- tions:—Just as these sheets were beings priate off, we received the intelligence that Russis nad ac- the Four Points. I! our article had been ‘with a knowledge of this circumstance, we shonld have endeavored to enforce the same views Sie have alzeedy expremsd, oA should not ae os ave Ur; prop! some change cabinet.” We belleve, indeed, that there will be reater need than ever for vigilance and firmness. fe dread the diplomacy of Russia more than igeset gS z arms. Weare hensive tha; her submission is 8 device for Austria from the alliance, and for the next wing our preparetious for campaign. oetiiities, it is » are not to be interrupted; but we are alarmed lest the goverment should repeat their for- mer errors, and, lulled into false secarity by the negotiations, should relax in their efforts to armaments agains! the spring. Any such guspension in our efforts would be the height of fol- ly and false economy. The mere pecuniary cost of [Fas egben, viet vastly leas than that of wa: , and should Russia really yield to our demands it will only be because we hold ourselves in reai- ness to exact what she refuses. ce of the guarantves that will be asked of her, and the amount of the indemnity which qill be required for the expenditare we have incurred, we can give no opinion upon the conditions of peace proposed our ministers. contingencies of war, and found ourselves deceived. Tf, taking advantage of the secresy with which the negotiations must be conducted, they should again | dieappoint the reasonable expectations of .he public, and assent to inadequate terms, they will not, we ventare to predict, be able to withs:and the storm of reprobation which is justly duc to men who, through weakness and incapacity, have betrayed their country. ‘ " THE ISTHMUS OF PEREKOP. A correspondent ot tue London Morning Chronicle thus explsms why the allies have not thoughs it poem ‘vo occupy and fortify the Isthmus of Pere- op 2 Firet cf all, our ‘ M. D.’ evidently reckons on the commend of the sea as his base of operations through thefwnter; and if four miles of surf in Karhinit Boy should be iuconvenient in a westerly wind, why » few gum-boate qill keep 01 the com- Tounication ‘ through the Straits of Kertch, the Sea of Azof,erd the Putrid Sea.’ He has, however, made no provision for thé command of the ice, by which the sees, both east and west of the isthmus, are closed during the winter, by which the snaiow | Sivash ie made as practicable for the march of the Roevians as the dry land, and the isthmus itself ceases, In @ strategic sense, to be an isthmus at all. But suppose this trifling obsta:le of the ice re- moved (as it doubtless would be by the energy of a Derby ministry); there are still some difficulties in the way of “ few gun boats,” which are to maintain the eastern communication. First, the Russians themselves, besides their steamers at Kertch, are supposed to bave in the Sea ot Azofa fleet of boats, adapted to the peculiar naviga- tion of very shallow sea. 1 beileve we have not in the Black Sea three steamers of suffisiently ligat draught to pass Yenikal’, even if we had a pilot to navigate them through that tortuous strait. Tae channel hes thirteen feet of water, and is so nar- row that no vessel can enter the Sea ot Azof without being exposed to the fire of two heavy batteries at Kertch and one at Yemkalé. But supposing we bad steamers once powverfal enough to silence these batteries and ight eaough | to float in the Ses of azof, and that these steamers, after destroying the enemy’s gurboats, and luckily Salsa Sig mit oda reaching the narrow channel which commanicates | with the Sivache—what then ? Wnat wou'd have been gained by all these risks? They woutd still be 100 ee Oe eee eae omaromain | themselves, with uch aid as the crew of the steamer | Could sfford trem. Bat there is one class of | ciala never wanting to the duty of salutia, 100 miles off, since the Sivache, iastead of being na- vigaole for gue. » is & shallow lagoon in many p sfordable,fand in jothers_positi- vely dry, except during easterly wind. Inthe Russi in -campaigos against the Tartars, it was three times many different spots by a Russisoa Ferenop, oud sppeared ‘sex pootedly tn tne rest ot en unex; in the rear of the Tartar Khan, who had relied on that defence. The tity is that the Rassians will by this time have ed over the chanoel of Megs a 100 metres wide, which, on the closing the Sea of Azof by the ice, wonld thus become the readiest pessage for the corn of Berdlansk and Ma. rianpol. Nor could there be much difficulty in tae peninsula with the mainland at any of the for points between Yenisei and Pere- the int of Schoungar for instance, we crossed. It ie by no means my intention to deny the strate- gical vaiue of Perekop altogether, or the importance holding it, but ply to show that a military operation of this nature is not to be andertaken in g ‘this easy dilettante fashion, and that, a+ the troste the isthmus is, ins sense, no isth- mus at all, and asat any other season it may be turned by a powerful enemy having the command of the continental steppe, and ac ;usinted wita the shallows of the Sivache, trere may be some reasons which have not cocurred to our amateur tact i if Hi Fs at ; § i 5 : g Ls 3 g fi i is Ex. g i Ee 3% i i tt sir E AI 3 Ff FH t i é i : E ry = < 1 P by We trusted them to provide for the | which is within some miles of j’erekop, where the | Russian ,& tax of 300 silver ronbles is | tal | matter seemed almost our | Sd eat NEW YORK “HERALD, SUNDAY, JANUARY 28, 1855. Power had made eo sudden a transition of to almost the ember sores ere E i a 4 E 3 x ‘a F i tr | Ht é s BEs a = z i] BEdesa work of 60; the French were only obliged to go the trenches once in every four days, the Ei other night, Thi F laud, when the war broke out, had had 100,000 regular troops, 10,000 cavalry, and 8,000 militia, they wesiatene gained a ve success in the first can] fe uy p perc Senna tne sent 40,000 to the Bal- tic, and taken Cronstadt, and 50,000 tothe Crimea and taken Sebastopol. Why, if 6,000 cavairy in- stead of 700 bad been at the battle of Alma, they would have converted it into a total route, and tne Russian army, broken and disorganized, wou.d have been unable to defend Sebastopol. At the battle of Balaklava, after the lapse of 430 years of the vei anniversary of the battle of Aginoourt, if there bi 6, Englis. troops, the valuable road trom Balaklava would have been preserved, and maepiee would have been carried up with perfect ety. 5,000 English horses would have marshed bi cd tl tle of Inkermann, ined to be immortal in the world, and to teke its place with the battles of | Marathon and Platea—at that battle, if we had bad 20,000 more English troops, while with the right wing we burled the Rossian battalions down the heights, with the left wing we would have taken Sebastopol, and the two Grand Dakes would have come up to the theatre of action only to see the to- of their fatner’s hopss. See now qhat a dreadful state their army had been brought into in comppapence of the incessant clamor for re- duction. If they would see the god effscts of war, they would have only to call out their armies, and tee the who have been trained in every lax- Ury, and the soldiers accustomed to every comfort, enduring patiently every hardahip and submitting wer privation, and ready every moment to lay down their lives for the country. But ee also the good effect of the war on the nation. Let them look ground and they would see people of all «classes, from the Queen to the peasant, even including the captive in nis dan; , Sacrificing certain comforts and doing their power to provide for e in the widows and children of thore who h fallen in the service of their country. He wonld say one word of consolation for those who were le't bereaved —the memory of those who were (r om were embalmed in the recollection of : oantry, their names would never be for ito them they might apply the besutifu! ne poet:— By fairy hands their kne g By forme unseen thelr ung, cir honor comes a pilgr: grey, To deck the turf that wra)» their clay; And freedom shall a while repair To dwell » weeping hermit there. HOW ENGLAND TREATS THOSE WHO HAVE BLED FOR HER. [From the Lovdon Times, Jan. 6.) The conduct of our official establishments at Ba- Jaklava, Scutari, and elsewhere, may weil earn for us the title of “the European Chinere.’”’ Incapable of anything but the merest routine, uaequal to the slightest emergeacy, our officials have contrived to do as much to discredit our national c! a the conduct of our regimental officers aud private soldiers bas done towards elevating it. Three hours were occupied by the wounded disembarked at Scu- | tari in etruggling, weak aod i st de ae fal tr of amile of ground that separated them from our inhcspitable receptacle of misery. Flesh and blood were embarked and disembarked, tossed and bandied about, with no more regard to quiveriog berves ond bleeding wounds than if they had been | 80 mapy bales of woo! or cotton. But why do we speak of the miseries thus endured in places, the | remoteness of whose situation, the newness of whose establishments, offer some excuse for inha h 10,000 Rassiane. Tho bat- | pen Rass:aa vosable for action than we imagiae. Byrom ag Neate 6 inalty agi e8e ies, ani t the couotry may be relieved of all alarms from @ sea 60 easily guarded as the Baltic. As it hap- pens, the straits leading to these waters can be watched with great facility, and a cuain of steamers ‘weuld provide us with all the security required. We repeat, that our epprehensions on this head are not very great. It isnot probable that the ice will so break up as to set the crui-ers of the Czar a} liberty, and, ¢ven it such an eveot were to occur, the obvi- ous risk of being frozen out of port, by a return of the trcat, would operate materially to the discour- Sgement of adventure. Still, it must be remem bered that the very possibility of the occurreace Would be attended with alarm, aud events in the Pacific have shown how easily a few friga‘es or cor- veties lude the swat of their antagonists. It is somewhat remark.bie, indeed, that war should bave endured fora year without bringing va the chance of capturing any one of the Russian cruisers known to be abroad,and, when we c onsider the uneasiness which these enemies occasioned, we may look back with more satistaction to the block. ade sotuccessfully maintained throughout the spring end summer by our fleet in the Baltic. Up t» the | resent we bave been happily exempted from all more immediate evila of war. Though our consts are Open to the attacks of an adversary pos- seesed ot a cowerful navy, we Dave never exveri- enced the smallest alarm, and our merchant vessels | bave pursued their voyages to all ports of the world with as much unconcern security aa if we had been stili at peace. These are advai tages for which we cannot be too thankful, and, while they should encourage us in supporting the less direct burdens of war, they ought to teach us the utmost vigilance in preserving a state of things so conducive t the mal prosperity and honor. PROJECTED MEDIATION OF THE UNITED BTA’ IN EUROPEAN AFFAIRS. hers a 8 Ukelinood, te appears, that the ere is @ » it a vern- ment of the United States will offer to be- tween the contending Powers of Europe. The pro- » When first mooted in the Legislature at ashington, was coolly received, and abandoned ton the time; but aoe nov sponses be renewed with more vigor and persistance. newspapers throughout the Union are filled with discussions on this subject. By referring to the letter of our special | correspondent at New York, the reader will be ena- | bled to form a conception of the views entertained of this matter by the more temperate and sagacious | of its advocates among American politicians. The arguments by which the advocates of media- tion seek to move their countrymen to aiopt their | views appear to be mainly addressed to the nation’s | Benge of its own importance. ‘he changes are assi- | duously rong on the undeniable truth, that the North American Republic, having great commercial in- | teresta to protect in all waters, canno; afford to stand | aloof from the counse's of other States; and that the | | Noith American Republic has now attained to such | & degree cep men me ger and power as entit'es it to claim to be admitted into these counsels on a footing | of perfect equality with the proudest and mnst influ- ential States. The citizens of the United S:ates | ey rest assured that they will meet with no dispo- ‘ion in Europe to resist claims so natural and rea- | | manity and some palliation for neglect? Let our | readers consider the case of the Himalaya at Ports- mouth, and toen say whether they know of any Cbristion people ao inhuman as those to whom Eng- land delegates the care of welcoming ba-k to their native oil the bravest and best ceverving of her Ors. On Tuesday last the Himalaya arrived at Ports- mouth, and, after a deiay of twenty-four hours, ravged alongside the jetty, and began to unioad her melancholy cargo of sik and wounded—tne shakeo axd mutilated remnants of the heroes of Aima, of Ipkermann, and of Balaklava. It must have been in iteel€ a touching and moving spevtacle, such as the sternest nature could witoess without pity. Here were men who, exposed to every hard- ship. and urged on by no incentive but a feeling of hbenor and devotion, by the mere effurt of uncon- querable will and unflinching hardihood had saved our army from destruction and our country from disaster, and what now was left of this tremendous infantry, tis gallant and dashing cavalry? Arm- less, eyelees, fcotlese, as our correspondect describes | them—rent with rhot or shell, pierced by bayoneta, and bazked by sabres, they staggered on, support ing each other in this lancho!y march, sill they stood once more on that sacred acil which had sent them forth to conquer, snd which might almost be supposed to throb under the feet of returning protectors. They came; but who was there to welcome them? | Everybody knows that Portemouth swarms with | officials, naval and military, and thas, if the Queen bad been landing from Osborne instead of our aelo- lees and crippied soldiers from the Crimea, there would not bave been wanted one of the tale to swell the unmeaning pomp and idle ceremony. We should have bad the Admira! Superintergent, the Port Admiral, the Lieutenant Governor, and s hoat of other officials whose titles it is not now worth re- cording, as none ot them could find time to attend to this Let ry! Ae d of hospitality and humanity, or to see that the noble freignt of the Himalaya was received with all honor, ali gratitude, and all ten- cerness. The officiais were not there, el:hough they had twenty-four hours notice, and the disem- barcation was left to be effected by the invalids offi. an Englishman on his retarn to his native Isud. I¢ the | | | neigo| | | ef the United States have not yet resolved to offs { senable. Above all, no opposition to them will be | offeed by England. Whatever individual speakers | and writers may say, the peop'e of England uckaow- | ledge the :apia growth of the Uni ed States in pros penty and power—and acknowledge is ungradg- | ingly, with the self-complacency of en who watch the career @ young sod hopeful scion of their family making his way in the wo-ld by his own unaideo energies. At any time when Englaad is engeged in broiis and controversies with any of its re, offers on the part of the United states to Meditate will be entertained with a friendly confi: dexce in their sincerity, and will meet with respect- ful attention. | On the other hard, the citizens of the United States will allow that such offers of mediation may be ceclined in any special case, and no disrespect | be implied by the declinature. It is free to the ove perty to offer its friecdly services; it is equally free | to the other not to accept them. ‘hey may be de- | clined, because, after mutual explanstions,it may | appear that the mediator and the belligerent are not egreed as to the nature of the quarrel or the princi- | ples at iseue. Such a difference of ovinion would | render it imporsibie for the one tree State to recog: | nise an arbitral juri+diction in the other; and; et the | most perfect mutual respect and amity might exist | | between them. | _ It is the more open to us to canvaas freely the posrible offer of ‘merican mediation in the pre | sent case, because the government and ialacor it, The mediation is as yet ae Proposal of @ section or party of the American ie. We may address our remarks upon it quite as much | to our transatlantic kinsmen as to our own country- men. We may argue wita the former the expedi- | pedis. yoy same — that ay |W y expediency of accepting, the | | mediation. And the first consideration cha ob- | trudes iteelf is— Why isthe mediation to be offered now ? wy not sooner? If offered when Rassia first | urged its unjast claims upon Turkey, tne mediatioa | of America might have averted from the unoffend- | atuuive teoupsitooen rie fag Mind ote suc: cessive occu; yy foreign armies. Offered now | that Sebastopol is tottering to ita fall, and the Czar, in effect, suing for peace, the mediation can only | benefit Russia, whose lawiess ambition provoked | the war. The offer of mediation is so uahappily | timed that it must, of necessity, improve the - tion of Rassia snd deteriorate that of France and England if entertained. That many Americans whc, from an abstract love of peace, are joining in oy hes Sprayed test ages to offer Mediation, are per friendl, to Ergiend, we have no doubt. We call their attention, snd the attention of those citizens who have not yet taken part in the discus- ston, to this consideration, conficent that they will honestly sliow its due weight. But a regard to truth and tothe honor and interests of our own country compels us at the same time fiankly to de- | Clare tiat this propceed mediation is urged by a Genera:s and Admirals were wanting, the Custom | House officers were not. rae, Fp there to exa- mine the baggage ef the woun: apxious that no single ca;e its contribution to untaxed or convalescence. The search was conducted on Sie open Hetsy, and antl it was concluded, no sol- dier or officer was allowed to leave the spot. They sat and crouched as best they might in the bleak J » those shivering and mutilated ics of the strong and the brave, and pondered, doubtless with thoughts too bit- ter for words, on the welcome which the country for which they had given all extended to in return. There were no amoulances, no ere; there was no one to care for the m, or to it them to their allotted home, fer th Doerr dag Lag bn desperate, help came e sbape of ompibusses for those who could sit, and stretchers for thoee who could not; and the bie scene wes thus brought toa tardy end. With such a specimen of Portsmouth, it were vain in deed to waste criticism or indi on the mise- ties of Balaklava or Scutari. ww has war already bardened oor hearts and deadened our sympathies ! Six months ago we were met with the most violent discisimers when cur dent aserted that our Low such a cece as we have described can pass at incipel seaport and arsenal wit out comment, without notice ! THE ICE BREAKING UP IN THE BALTIC. DAYGERS TO WESTERN COMMERCR FROM RUSSIAN CRUISERS. [From tee London Times, Jan. 12.) We think it desirable that attention shonid be directed to the present aspect Lere,eltrvugh we have terminated the cam’ in, we have not been absolutely relieved the contingencies of the season. When our fleet was withdrawn from these waters the Russian being relied 44a convenient aod infallible of bhokade. Our own cruisers Were accordingly dirpersed in a It will be discerned, however, cacy of these arrangements the con duratien of the ice in the of Bothnia ard Mo nap nant oe Czar are ste. A any accident of weatner it should suddenly break up forever so short # time the Rus sian equadrons would be at liberty, and our own commerce, or even our own shores, might be ex- posed to alarm. The sitastion of affairs, indeed, would for the | been bad our period of coe tenes probable, but it wili rem zenerear temporery soldiera, laudably — \d ot tolac:o should es | revenue, and afford an | “ solace to the miserable hou:s of sickaess Fide rage, Bate d in the United States in pure stility to England. One of the most eager advocates of the interference of the Urited States in the war which now convalses | Eastern Europe is the New York Henaup. That journal winds up one of its latest reviews of tae progress 4nd policy of the war in these words:— ‘0 instincta of race, no similarity of religion, no arsumed beer ie Ae constitution, can blind the American people to the true significance of the in the East. Public o; ‘ bere ‘undoabtedly | favcrable to Rusia. is no necessity for dis them streton- | | Smopg & Humerous party in the were iil fed and ill carea for on their ar- | at the wild nd remote shore of Gallipoli, and | by the Czar to American citizens. All | Russian party in guirirg the tact, and Engiand is welcome to the ad- miesion. Not that we love Russia more, but that we bate ber less.” This, it may be said, is bat the pete «owl of the Times’ revilings of Ameri saad everything American, aud neturally produced by them. Granted: but, apart from n+wapapers alto- ther, there is evidence of a hostile feeling towards gland, of w partisan leaning tow Russia, Jnited States. T2 wat else can we attribute the treatment expe- vierced by our prize crews and their officers, afer the affairs with the Kussians in the North Pacific, at fan Francisco? To what else can we attribute the bumerous enlistments of military officers of the United States in the Rassian service? The cajoleries «xercised by the Czar @ith such brilliant success ) Benator Douglas and others have of late been redeubled. Reports bave reached us—-to which we cannot at present allude more distinct y—of testi- & very strange nature indeed presented has had into existence # numerous pro United States. It is with this Parez inet the idee of mediation has ol is effect in cali |, and \bject is to promote tho inpuvenss of” treoae’ nd a ypeal cowitdently to the A e con! merica! ’ ind séh'hom ois tap otee Geena piped the tools of a party in this way? Will they allow themeelves to bs deluded into lowering the Union into an accomplice and cat's paw of the great cham Pion of ‘apotian end barberion? It is their con cern bow question is to be answered, tor it i+ | the benor of the United States that ia at retake, As regret to for thia would deeply plain of on the » Englishmen bave soy un! nduct to part a Kindred’ petion giisn 0 art! Eaglish- they from what Sper a faces “wae T per wes ly agreed to. This is an 80 rate, #0 eo that » which wah oy Cape eer " expreases 8 such ] baving been Tt is tever- telese etly true. The Bank subserit for 10,000,000, the house of Rothech.]4 6,000,000; other cepitalista for 7,000,000; together, 38 000.000. It is ex there will be no difficalty in making up the other 17,000,000, for although the is of iterest is ee ecerpared. fo Seat iden the | spanish government has frequent r tem 29- rary accommodation, it ‘mast be Teeeabesed that the rick run is very slight, £300 of bonds being lcdged 6 eecurity for every £100 lent, the security to be realized in #x months, if the money has not Roe reas in the interim, or is not then forth- coming. The stetement of the revenue for the month of | November last snows @ diminution, as compared | With the same month of 1863, of 16,488,258 reals. | ‘The amount of revenue collected during the eleven months ot 1854, of which statements have heen pub- | haved, ia 1,182 619.657. The extimate for the same Period is 1,226,984,939, showing @ deficiency of 43,365,152 reals. Portugal. Te following is the King Regent’a speech upon opering the Portuguese Cortes on tne 2d ot Joruvry:— Worrny Peers axp Gextiewey Deruties ov Tax Portu- | GuY8K NaTION — It is with the greatest tisfaction that, accompanie! | v bs my son, King Dom Ie { appear in the centre | of the national representatives to open the legislative tension of 1455, amicable relations are maintained with all the allies | of the Vortuguese Crown. The negotiations with the Holy See respecting the Chureh in India are carried on | with activity, and it is expected the result wili be sub- mitted to you this session, The conventions between Portugal and Frauce, Belgium and Holland, have been ratified; but the ratitications of the commercial treaties with the Argentine, eruvian and Paraguayan Republics have not yet been exchanged. During ibe legislative recess, my sons, Dom Pedro V. and the Duke of , made their projected tour They received in al) the countries visited by them, proofs of consideration and esteem from the sovereigns, princes, and all classes of the people, during their transit, which cannot but be as gratifying to the nation and its repre- sentatives ax it has been to me, Peace and tranquillity have been maintained in the kingdom and all its ultramarne possessions. We were threatened with the ravages of the chol morbus, And we owe thanks to Di Providence, and the zeal of diflerent authorities, which curtailed its pro- THE ANGLO-AMERICAN COMMISSION, | Semt-Ofticial List of the Awards in the Ame Cases. | rican The joint commission for the settlement of Ame- rican and British claims will close its business in London op the 15th inst.,and the commisioners will make report to their respective governments. No commieeion between the two nations has ever coveidered and decided so many important questions, By the provisions of the convention ali claims agaiust etter govermment, arising out of any transection since the treaty of Gbeut up to the 15th of June | lawt, might be submitted for the decition of the com- iewiont m 8, ad wether submitted or not are aence- forth buried. The following decisi xn have been given cn claims presented on behaif'of the Unitea States agaiast the Britirh government. Claim of N. L. Rogers & Brothers, of 3alom, Mase., for the return cf cugsom duties assenaed in the Bay ot !#ands, in New Zealand, during the yoars 1840 and 1841. Xe comuvssioners disagreed on the amount of damage to be awarded, and toe case was referred to the om) ire, ard he awarded the sum of $7,676 96. Claim tor the seizase of the schooner Fidelity Thumas Tyson, owner. Tais vessel was seized at S.erra Leone ou a charge of smuggling, from which the vessel was discharged by the court. The revords of the court showed toat the vessel was discharged in part on the groavd that the smuggling occurred ou w prior voyage. The commissiouera do not re- gard this as @ icgat ground of discbarge, and be ices, they say that (here exis ed probable cause for the Le gang and the claim for detention was disal jowed. Case of the bark Jones.-P. J, Farnham & ©>., owners, claim for the sezure of this vessel at St. Helena, cherged with being engaged in the slave trade, her sale at Sierra Leone, and for the costs on | the veasel, ard the value of toe vessel and cargo. ‘The commisrioners did not agree; they severally declined their opinions, and the case was referred to the umpize, who awardea to ths owners ot the Jones the sum of $96,720, snd to suodry persons tor ven- tures of gouds there as follows, viz.:—L> James | Gilbert, the master, $1,563; to Ebenezer symonda, the mate, $842; to F’. Sexton, the supercargo, $1,200; amevnting in ali to the sum of $100,625, Brig Cyrus, Peter C. Damas, owner,—For seizure | and detention of Unis vessel by the British brig-of- | war Alert, on cherge of being concernea in the slave trade. | Claim disallowed. Schooner Jonn, Reuben Shapley, owner.—For cap- gress. My government, anxious to improve as much aa pos- sible the state of our country, has continued its best attention to its internal transit communications. The means placed at its disposal have been well applied, ant the works upon the Eastern Railway (Lisbon to Santa- rem) continue without interruption, whilst many leagues of road have been made in diferent parts of the country. My government will propose to you the measure and means necessary tw continue the public works upon the present seale during the next financial year. in consequence of the scanty crop of Indian corm in the northern provinces the inhabitants of a great part of the country were suilering from the high prices of bread. For the benefit of the Iaborious classes, my govern- ment ccntracted a loan with the Bank of Oporto for the urchase of grain, to be deposited at Oportoas a check To the ellecte of monopoly; that Bank evinced its good feeling in promptly agreeing to the same. In consequence of the large exportation of grain, and seeing the insufficiency of the period allowed tor impor. tations, which expired on the Jlst of December, necessary to open all the ports of the ing for a longer time, in order that supplies of foreign grain, and particularly from our neighbors (the Spaniards), should compensate for stocks diminished by a small har- vert and continued exportation. The ministers will lay before you the measures adopted, which will, I trust, meet your appreval, not only in consequence of it# na ture, but the circumstances which urgently demand- ed it. ‘The marine service and the state of materials pertain- ing to it have claimed the serious attention of my gov- ernment, In order that it may be placed upon a pro, footing, and fulfil its duties of guarding and detending | our colonies and protecting our commerce, it is neces: tary that extraorvinary means should approjriated to the construction new ships of war. My government will, for that purpose, lay before you | the uecerrary projects of law. The government has provided for the more urgent ne- cessities of the ultramarine provinces, and seat rein Torgrmante 10 Sagole, Nocambinse 850 Macko, oO will render you account. Gextiuraex Devens es oF THX Portuaum® NAtIoN— ‘The budget of State revenue and expenditure for the financial year of 1665-06 will be laid before you as soon ts possible, Notwthstanding the unfavorable influences of a short harvest of groin and the grape disease upon the reve pues, the state of the public treasury does not alarm my government With exiating resources, aur without asking new sacrifices from the country, the ‘Treasury will be epabled to meet all the ordinary expen the next financial year, ‘The Minister of Finance will’ present you the bill ne ary for that purzose, which you will examine and ce improve as you may find necessary Wortny Vsees aD GENTLEMEN DEPUTIES OF Tite PoRTU Guna Nation: — ‘ihe Cortes will have to meet in the mouth of ber ext, in order that the King Dom Pedro V the presence of the vat.onal representa:ives, tax to hie acclamation, t # provided in the | cle of the constitutional charter. I confide in your learn- | ing, and in your well knowD patriots, ttiay dys ting + y sexsion you will aitend to the discussion of inatters which most conduge to the public pros perity. 7 Tana the country hope that your efforts, united with those of my government, will attain the desired object of promoting the felicity of the Portuguese sation, which it ro much deserves, ‘The session is opened. Appalling Tragedy in London. On Sunday, the 7th J French refugee hed ber the murder cf two persons, ere startled to hear. reepectable hour street, another foreigne: nelli, had celiberately murdered one person, sho’ another, end then attempted to consummate nis frighwul secies of crimes by putting aa end to his own existence. The facts this fearful tragedy are thus told in the T'imes:— AtNo. 5 Foley place, Portland road, resided a Mr. and Mrs. Lambert, the tenants of the house. On an upper floor lived a Mrs, Williamson, and spartments had also been occayied under the same roof by an Italian, nsmed Luigi Baranelli. Bet seen this man ana Mra. Williamson an intimacy sppears to have arisen, the sequel of which was a quarrel between bim and Mr. Lambert. Into this part of the transaction it is unnecessary to eater further than to say that Baranelli was desired to quit bis lodgings, which he did some ten days ago. On Bunday mormirg, the 7h, at half-past 9, he presented bimseif at tre door of the house, and was admitted by the mrvant. After exchanging a few words with ber he proceeded to the door uf the back parlor, where, as the girl bad informed bim, her master and qistress were in bed, entered tne spartmect, shot Mr. Lambert througa the bead as he lay srleep, and discharged a second pistol, with almost equally fatal effect, into the breast of Mra, Lambert, as ehe stared up in alarm. He then rash- e¢ up stairs, ard endeavored to gain admission into the room where Mrs. Williamson waa; but, not sac- ceecirg, he ran to another room on tue floor ab ve, ord there shot himself through the head, just aa a police constable got to the door. His own statement, volunteered as he lay between life and death, with the bicod gushing from his mouth, compresses tato the ccmpars cf nalf a dozen lines the nacrative of this frightyul tregedy:—“I this morning went tothe house No.5 Foley place, when the street door was opened to me by the servant. | forced my way into the bedroom, placed the pistol at the buck ot Mr. Lembert’s head aud shot tim, and then thot Mrs. Lambert, and then ran up stairs, wien | loaded @ pistol again, and shot myself, aod | hope I sbell soon die.” It farther appears that on Friday, the 5th, be peopares 4 small remembrance of nim- self, in the shape of a note aod eee addremed to Mes. Williameon, and that on day evening he purchased the pistols with which the deed was com- mitted. He must then have risen on the followiog morning and put this dreacful design into execution pantog oe ee reader most Cen Be ie ry jing story is m apparestiy sub raring between the prow ‘and toe crime. la conversation, be has explained bia murderous attack to have srisen fiom an aliegation commauvicawd w bim by the woman Williamsoo, to the eff.ct that Mrs. Lambert pad said sbe w: vometh Dg to drink which sh destroying the infent with which the former pregtant by himeeit, After having been ordered quit the house by Lambert, he says he heard Jane Wiiianson was covfived to ber bed tl; then believed she was suffering from the effect of orgs a0 ministered to ber , lambert for urpore before described. His exctusion from house wes probably attended with angry words, bat the worst Bar; seys of Mr. Lamoert is, that be “threatened to atiike nim,” to which he adda that ne ‘became desperate from that time.” Ia conse qoence, therefore, of a difference of this natare, ne iesclves Upon murder, and, apparently, upun puicide; commite* treble crime with an unfaltering deter mination, nd putas the whole case upon rec rd by & voluntary wtate: without sny expremioa of con- wition or remorse. It was thought that the murder- er would ultimat ‘ly recover. Fire at Great Barrington, Mass. Gunat Baxnmotox, Mam., Jan. 26, 1455. Abcat wx o'clock last evening, the house nesrly completed for Edwerd |. » son of David itt, Eeq., of New York, was discovered to be oa the combustible , the inhabitants of Lon- that in broad daylight situated in @ crowa all the measures adopted the respective Ministers | Italian, named Lara | Geciced the fiening cases accoraingly. ture of this vesvel by the Britieh ship-of-war Talvot, March 6, 1515, ufter peace existed by tne terma of | the easy of Ghent, in tue latitude where she waa | seized. The commissioners disagreed on the damage, ani it was reterred to the umpire. He awarded toe | som of $13 608 22, | _ Schooner Levin Laok, James Sullivan, owner.— | This veseel was sold by her master, and chartered to foreign owners on the coast of Atrica, Sone waa afterwards seized and condemned at St. Helena for being ¢ ncerned in the slave trade, and claim was made before the commission by her original owne but the claim was disallowed. Brigantise Volusia, John W. Disney and John Grai am, ownere.—For the seizuve of this vessel in 1850, by the British steamer Rattler, while on a | voyage from Rio, on @ charge of being engaged in the slave trade, and for her coudemnation as having false papers. The commissioners disagreed on the allowance of the claim, and it was referred to tae umpire, and he rejected it. Lhe schooner Only Son, James Fuller, of Kings town, Mass., owner. Claim in consequence of this verse] having Leen Compeled to pay duties at Hali- | fox in 1822, when sne nad putin there, on her way toa market merely, whereby she was compelied w dixpoee of her cargo there at a loss. ‘Lhe commissioners disagreed on the allowance of the claim, and tLe umpire awarded $1,000 in full of sad claim. Ship Amelia, Robert Robirts, owner. Claim for the captuie of this vesrel by @ British cruiser walle | on her way from Porto Rico to Guadaloupe, on the Lith of February, 1515, and for her subseqaeat con | demration, | I¢ eppearing that the cate of the capture was prior | to the ratifiarion of tue treaty of peace of toe 24th of December, 1814, the claim was disallowed. Biig Crioli—Ciaim for damages in liberating slaves on beard this versel at the Babama Isiands, | compeiied to put in there on acount of mutiny of | the siaves. | ‘The commissioners disagreed on the allowance of the claim, andthe umpire awarded to the eeveral the sum of $112,130, Dolores, W. Taggurt and otoers ~-For pro- ceece of their verse! aud cargo, cavtured by a Bo | hvien priva‘eer aud brought into Barbadoes, whers the veate] and cargo were sold by the Britisa colo bis! suthorities. The claim was held not to be within the juriediction of the eommissioners, | The Tigris aud Beamen, Brookaouse & Hant, of | Salem, Mass., ow Damage clsimed for acizare of there vesrels in 1440 bya Beitwh cruiser, and | fepcing one home fur tral, aid the other to St. | Helens, charged with having violated the laws of the ted Bia es in regard to the slave trade. The commissioners disagreed on the amount of | Gat Age, 200 toe Umpire awarded £4,960 (four thou } #acd bine bandied and ixty pounds sterling.) There were several canes of seizures of tishing vesee!s, arising under the treaty of 1418, Toe cases all turred upon the construction of toat treaty. The United States Dave co mtended that ther vowels nod | aright to fish anywhere beyond three miles from | the shore, while tne British government maintained | that they most keep out three miles beyond a line diawn from ove headiand to anotver. By this | construction they clored the bay of Fundy, sixty miles wide and one hundred and fifty miles loag, | egaiost American fishermen, The umpire has saa tained the American construction of the treaty, and Brig Enterprise, J. W. Neal aod osners, owners of slaves on board. Claim tor damages in liverating slaves on beard of said vessel under the laws ot Bermaca, when driven into harbor in that island by | stress of weather, The commirsioners disagreed on the allowance of the claim, and {t was referred to the umpire, aad he awarded to the claimants the sum of £49,000. Claim for camages in liberating slaves forced on the Bubomas by tices of weather. Tie commissioners Cisagreed on the allowance of the claim, and the umpire awardea the sum of | $16,000. Thee were other urimportant American claims, smourting on the wuole to about forty, and tae | particulars of which I am unable vo give you. The British aims were vastly more aamerous, ard although many of them have been righted, yet, #0 far as the decisions have transpired, tne amount of the awaids wo each government apoeam to be nearly ejusl. The British government entirely perverted the commlseton from its original desiga, end presented every couceivabie claim, and prosed all with equal pertinacity. It ia the Engliah role in tontioversies with foreign governments to claim more than they telieve wo be due. Indeed there is scarce any relation between what they cisim ond what ix just. It is not unusual for Englishmen 10 arrogaie to themselves a greater Mesure of justice than they are willing w accord to the profit of aoy other nation, and then rely upon their government w bully their adversary into grenting their a: just demands. The commission farnienes, | am informed, several ¢xamyples in proof of this upinion. ‘The cases 0! Kenworthy, Shaw, Taylor and othem, Yorkshire importers, against whom rulte were oom menced at the instance of the coilectr of New York in 1459 apd 1840, charged with having defrended the Loe in parsing gods through the cuswn becuse by fale nvoloes, are the examples to which | eter. The partion evaded the rervi ¢ of procom Wa rome of the cases, and fled from toe country, bat in all the suite were, uncer te advice of counsel, com piomnine d. They have rested quiet until now, without taking AD) sepa againat the collector or any other officer, end the Britieh government now comes forward sad tmekes aclaim sgainet the United Htates for the Ut tey theses parties paid in compromising these suite. This was done, notwithatanging the treaty of commerce between the two countries expressly binds the citizens of one country reviding in the Other to be wobject & all the inwe thereof, and the etueral principe of international law that every perton it subject to the lawa of the conatry in which be reviaes. These claims sre, however, re ected. Another clase of claims which the treaty never contempated, were the bouds of Florida aad Itxar. The counsel for the United States took the grcund that they were not designed to be incinded within tue convention, as they were in no prover verse claics egaust the alte’ Staten In the cane of the Texas bonds this ground ww wostaine d and the cleims rejected, and toe des son wae subs antial y ae ih thé case of the Florida rods, thongh the ampire to whom these cases were re. fered went somewbat into the merita, and sowed very Clearly that there could be go claim sysinst the Unites States. be fou1.d that the B. \tish commissioner de iformly against the American claims aod Briteh, without regard w their merits. Ho ly took this course ander lostractions from vernmetn, as being most is harmony with wual policy, and more likely to secure & large importance that I venture refer to that caw io particular, sat would mach exceed the bunds of to attemyt to give the detain of toe Gen. dag | here, at Metropo 2iL ‘Tilsen we dad Our Detroit Correspondence. Deraorr, Jan. 18, 1855, Extraordinary Mildness of the Season—Dullness of Trade—Efforts to Relieve the Unemployed —Im- proved Appearance of Detroit Theatrical Pres pects-—Slow P ogress of State Legislation—Elec- tion for United States Senator— A Fusiontst Sue- cessor Taiked of for Gen, Cass, &e. Not having noticed in the Hexatp for some time Past a correspondence trom Detroit, aad thinking that your readers would like to know how matters and things in general are going on in this region, 1 lake the liberty of nddreasivg you a few lines. ‘The winter, thus far, has been unprecedentedip Pleasant, and today the eun is shining as brighlly As it does in April, while a aoft south wind readere fires unnecessary for warming. How long the pre- nent spell of fine weather wil coatinue, no one cam predict, as changes from one extrem» to snotuer come very suddenly at timer, and withous any fore warnings. The dulness in trade which has so seriously affsot- ed the business of Kastera marta, ix sensibly felt here, aod hundreds of mechauioa and day laborers bave had an vnlooked for interval of forsed rest for weeks, with no prospects of employment #hoad, However, the liberality of Western hearts has thus far been equal to the demands of distress, and the poor and needy are daily sought out and caced for by noble hearts and active hands. Prominent among the associations for relieving the uaforta nate of all creeds and classes stands the Young Men's Benevolent Society, composed chiefly o° business men, but aided by all who have the ability to dose, They have rooms centrally located, where all whe call are supplied with such articles as are really ne- ceasary for their comforts, such as weod, clothing, medicines. aud outricious soup, which ia given ia quantities according to the size of needy families. Of the doings of the Sisters of Charity in relieving ment of the Mexican courts. lowed. | suffering humanity, it is neediews to speak, as are the same ministering angels the worid over, al- though their efforts are almost wholly distributed among one particular class, Still, they are never deaf to the cries of woe; their wil knows no respite, and their foot prints are found wherever moroy beckons, The interior of the State does not ext bit any evidences of tight times, and “coantry mer- | chants” are as prompt as ever in mectiag thir en- gBegemonts. This is undoubtedly owing to the large crops of grain harveste i last season, andthe some prices realized on all kinds of agricalcarel procucts, thus filling the pockets of our rural frisada With lote of cash, very little of whish was left by them in the city. Detroit is very conveniently laid out, the streeta being all of gocd widto, and croasivg oath other at right angles. The two principal thoroughferes are no where surpassed in beauty and farilities for ##, being ons huadred feet wide, aad extend- ing the entire length of the corporate limite—their suburban extremes being ornamented with double rows of shade trees, and forming an extended wasdy promenade in the summer, to which ail classes resort, Some of the blocks of stores s>out town are Loar A this side of Now York for architectural design and flaish, aad their stock of merchandise will vie, in variet apd quantity, with the main warebouses of Al- bany or Buffalo. There ate four firet class hotele itan rates, and nearly as liboraily supplied as that institution. They are all flourisa- ing, though selcom overtlowing with guests. The theatre in a mere decorated sham, containlog two ter of boxes and a pit, capable of seating six hun- dred —— ‘The interior arrangements are dingy and gloomy, and tbe stage of too small dimensions for tbe representation of spectacle pieces. How- ever, the performers have appeared upon ite boards, and the sweetest singers have warbled their notes pebind its footlights. Sigsora De Vries’ opera troupe were here some time ago, ead were quite succesful, bot » flare-up with the manager iendered their visit here rather unpleassat a ite termination. I don.tknow how money could be better invested than in the erection of @ suitable butl, ng for theatrical performances, with a gxod #tock company and & geateman to contro! its arrangements, The Legislature of the State is now in semicon at Lonsing, some uinety miles trom thia ity; butane large majority ot its menbers are inexperienced ia legislative matters, and Ue presiding ‘officers ded clent ina knowledge of parhamentary tection, but little pregres® is me ‘The ¢ metitational limit of the sersio: forty di bal, Onlee® mutters take « sudden change for the better, it will require forty in weeks to act up n propositions already under con- #deradon. By special act, it b. upon the next legisiaiure to clrct & successor to Gen. Case as United Stetes Benator, but there ie some talk, and no little di ‘ion manifested by the leader of our préveat Sloe, 6 repral thet law and eiect a “fustoniet” to succeed the old Gene ru. As thie movement urwed aud backed by Poiticana of wealth belongiog to Detroit, wo are candidates for the place, there js no telling bat that it ung eulUred. tino @ prvesedi however, wold appihiate the now ascendant , aod place t the capitol! those who would reere ci the le aod re-elect the old veteran. Bat as the a howe ban sbown @ Gispmition to deoy its oa to Our State constitution in pemritiing men to act vote with them who have no more right so fede do than the “angel Gabriel,” and thy fow house upholds them in that position, what are they an vie Of doing? Jostrugtions to our Benstors have already passed through the firat stages of con- wigeration, calling on them to vote for the repeal of the Kansas Nebraska bill, and the re lustelment of the Missouri Compromise line. However, tuls ia merely for Bancombe as it is weil known ‘hat Moaara. Coss and Scvart will pay abut ae mach atteation to there resolutions as ouah toey wore for the dia memberment of the Ualon. Riousy. Our New Haven Correspondence. New Haven, Jan. 22, 1865, Hoard Twnes— Politwal Speculations—Gowerner Dutton to be Renominated by the Winga Ings a- ham talked of by the Democrate--The Know Nothings Among the Lieges—The Lecture Sta- son. A city like this, crowned with elms, blessed with shadowy spires and cold water proclivities, should not lack @ nook among your correspondente—a olty that, on the arrival of the ‘lightulng train,” is musi cal with the cry of “Henito, Henacn,” containing the latest news—"‘Hebastopol not taken.” We thould aa soon presume to thiok that honesty ox- ited in the Kitchen Cabinet at Washington, ate devy ourselves the dally lixnaro banquet. Bat to the items of the day. “Dull Umer!’ are the raling themen of the mavufasturer, the merchant and the mechanic. Our traders are not only suffering se- verely themreivos, tut are called wpon to contribute largely w the relief of others. Political speculation in again buvy; the certainty of victory ia, however, no longer indulged in. Old fogies stand in fear of the invisible “sam ;' they tear the dagger of po litiea! annihilation. Gov. Datton will ucdouttediy be renominated by the whigs and tom: What “Sem! will may to this, 1 “dont tnow.” breathe the name of I; democrats secret) jngrahs he wil updou! iy es tae Candidate, if tae various factiona can be br “by the powers that be” at Oar “dear Megister’ ayprebends mach trouble from the Ko ow Notaings- something of the character thet oa. Hott experienced the galiast Capteta jarcy. ‘tom hes madostedis eotabtiched himself io thie Vielpity. Hack i= bie fulnem, be will wos in ail provatality introduce timarlf publicly til the lection. 1 know nothing of Ram's whereaboate, Vat infer that he pormenes the facalty of il there is something worth kno “ham” seems Vo understand the old a tage.” only when you are spoken t.” | somewhat that charseteri@ic. We are en} ying, in with our slater cltiew, the ‘ae eral ta 4 HI i 5 5 i Mr, Parker, denominated the (neni tee Mr. Parker who was we Y write bie middle initial d—d plan). bewitched the darkeyed queens of thise E i i ~ 5 & z f i