The New York Herald Newspaper, December 19, 1854, Page 1

WHOLE NO. 6690. QDVEBTISEMENTS RENEWED EVSRY DAY. POLITICAL. RA ore ‘certify the following ticket was duly elected: — YOR GENERAL CO! @C. Melatire, J.Y. Savage, Jr., JG. Jacobus. FOR YOUNG MEN'S COMM! H. Van Velsor, Neil Neuson, Jas. Lawrence, 7) james L, Waugh, FOR WARD COMMITTER. Ferrin, Wm, Hofimire, John T. Henry, |. H. Whitmore, James Wright, Walter B. Savage, John McBriarty, James Cla: Charles Banta, Fred. Geibbarat, James P. Shirkey, John H. Sherwood, -Bugemeshine, — Theo. Patriok McNab. jOSEPH A. .CKSON, JAMES LAWKEN Inspectors. SME LAEENCE, apo <TH WARD NATOMAS, DEMOCRACY — ‘William Sinclair, James McGowan. Geraghty, Walter aa Thomas Ryan, YP. G. a4 J James Horen,”” James Glass. , WARD.—AT AN ELECTION HELD ON MON- evening, December 15, at the corner of Ludlow “and Division streets, pursuant to the recommendation -of the National Democratic Republican General Commit- tee, of Stuyvesant Institute, the following ticket was elected, being a majority over all others:— YOR GENSRAI. COMDITERE, > Joseph M. Marsh, Daniel H. Hunt, John Harrison. YOUNG MEN’S GENKRAL EAward Knight, J. McCollum, 8. C. Seaman, lore Udell, ‘Wm. Conely. WARD COMMITTHE. Jeremiah Welch, Henry C, Atwood, Wm. Qobleyp James H. Betts, John Hayward, ’ Jno. Middleton, 3. Jennings, John Ewen, Geo. Dollinger, el Banks, Robt. K. Roberts, John Maguire, Merritt, James Treiner, Wm. Reuck. « JOHN HARRISON, EDW. J. KNIGHT, JOSEPH J. JENNINGS, ‘HH WARD OLD GUARD.—At a primary election held at Union Hall, corner of Fourth street . Avencs C, pursuant to the call of the Demecraric Baly iseted General Committee, the following ticket was FOR GENERAL COM! Edwin Bouton, Jobn Mosher, E. W. Glover. YOUNG MEN’S GENERAL COMMITTEE. . Simeon Decks F. J. A. Boole, er, B. H. Bishop,’ “ ‘Wim. D, Wines, WARD ‘COMMITTEE. }ramecior mn, Henry C. Woole: John Davigeon.’” ‘YEA, fraepestor ins, Samuel Acker, Robert Kai ‘ARD.—AT A PRIMARY ELECTION Ww. ch Moony’s corner of Thirty-fourth Eighth avence, on iMeuday evening, Dec. 18, ‘of six and seven o'clock, pursuant to General Committee of Stuyvesant Insti- ticket received one hundred and vetes, being a of the yotes cast sreaia eisctio’, was duly siected— ity - ” GENERAL Peter B. Sweeny, William Joyce, John W. Boyce, YOUNG MEN’S GENERAL COMMITTEE, Joba ‘Thos. Mull! ‘Michael Connoll; ‘Andrew. Duin, John G. ‘Buen! " f ‘WARD COMMITTEA. . ‘Theodore Martine, Peter Y. Cutler, Tim. Waters, Jr. Edward Linen, John Linen, Cornelius Ryan, Thomes Kea John McGrane, Michael McGinnis, John Mullen, Jol » James re, Anthony Kimble, ermott Richard Murray. JOHN MoGRANE, }Inspectors. WILLIAM mane ENTH WARD.—AT THE PRIMARY ELEC at 218 Grand street, on Monday, Decem- 18th, 1864, the following ticket was clected by pat GENRRAL comsrrrm, | F. T. Saydam, Patrick Barnes, Daniel O’Meara. YOUNG MEN’S COMMITTEE. Edward Cavanagh, Thomas Fay, Hugh O’Brien. P. H. McAvoy, D. McManus, ‘WARD COMMITTEE. William Withelm, James Smith, Henry Jones, Michael Smith, Michael Hogan, Thomas . James @. Speucer, William 8. , Edward Friel, Hutton, ' James McKelvey, John Brady, Grimber, Frederick Burns, N. W. Mooney, Collins,’ Andrew Devitt, | Jobn Mackie, Johm Cavanagh, Andrew Condron, Charles Nichols, John Leamy, George Thompson, Eugene Anderson. Daniel Tooley. Rare } iazeto ey Inspectors. JAMES 4 WARD REGULAR DEMOCRATIC ticket :— GYNERAL COMMITTEE. Thomas Fay, Edward Cavauagh, Wm. Fitepatrick. YOUNG MEN’S GENERAL COMMITTER. Jamer Lynch, John Roberts, Edward Maloy, James Smith, Wm. 8. Cole. District. ‘WARD COMMITTEE, —P. H. McAvoy, Patrick Fox, | John Dolan. 2—Pat. Cavanagh, H. O’Brien, James Carty, Jefferson Brown, H.J. McElroy, Patrick Hogan. 2—Wm. Gulick, ° Patrick Conlan, Peter Hughes. 5—John Friel, John Campbell, Michael Smith. David Hasti Hensy Kean, ' Peter Doyle. The above ticket having received a majority of 416 ‘votes over all others is thereby elected. JOHN CAVANAGH, EDWARD MALOY, Inspectors. HUGH O'BRIEN. WARD.—AT AN ELECTION OF NA- Fiona te tional democrats, held on Monday evening, at No. Broadwa in ance of the call of the National Democratic Committee, the following ticket was unani- mously elected:— GENERAL Geo. F, Thompson, B. 8, Hart, Geo. C. Genet. YOUNG MEN’S COMMITTER. Jobn H. Brady, = Arris rt, James Parker, Romaine Dillon, Charles Gra! Schell, BH Field, Richard Schell ell, }. Ae 2 1, aries D. Sead, Biijah Fisher,’ James Pw ' ‘agan, ree” Sommalisne, Wim N. Meintire, G.W. McClain, _E. Salmon, B. Howe, Pater Cogan, C. A. Davison, _P. Fitapatrick, Thomas Norriss, ner INETEENTH WARD NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC ‘Ticket.—We, the undersigned, Inspectors of Elec- tion, ted by the Stuyvosant General Committee, cei at, at anelectionheld at the Dorby House, Third avenue, in pursuance of said call, the following ticket wae duly elected:— GENERAL COMMITTEE. ‘Francs B.Cutting, John G. Kip, Jas.C. Rutherford. YOUNG MEN'S GENERAL COMMITTER. Yondeal,Thomas O'Reilly, Daniel Gallegar, ‘STeremlsh Towle, Thomas S. Hegan, Jobn Garve john Garvey, Dennis Turhidy, Deunda O'Brine, : Whert Ganado? jaca.’ dees Calioge ams | james Gal F Sands © RUTHERFORD, Inspectors THOMAS O'REILLY, } of ‘WM. WORDSWORTH, § Election. SAVINGS INST DOCK SAVINGS BANK—619 FOURTH STREET, Diirerereenee ite made on or before the of January receive interest from the lat 5 usual, at six cent an- pee icra, eouamns *‘follareand port nd By ANDREW MILLS, President. Dividend notice 1864. . that a semi-annual di York, Deo. 16 aren on all sums of not called: it of depositors as princi- ‘bank is open for business from 10 A. M. viendo 7 ML at 51 Chambers street, of Brosdway. JOSEPH STUART, President. CALEB 8. WOODHULL, President. ‘YW. M. Ports, | | Vico Presidents. SE Tern) ee pe ee TNTKNDING TO PURCHASE TABLES FOR Dublic or private use, will find a good stock at our ory, Which we offer on reasonal terms. Ouse table for sale, in perfect order; call and ae tale CG RIFITEL Ag DECKER 09 Ana st,. se nS AFFAIRS IN WASHINGTON. The Military Academy and Indian Ap- propriation Bills Passed. THE NEW DEPARTMENT OF LAW. PROPOSAL TO BUILD SIX SLOOPS-OF-WAR. COL. BENTON ON SLAVERY IN KANSAS. CORRESPONDENCE FROM THE CAPITAL, &o., &e., ko. THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. SECOND SESSION. Senate. Wasuixcron, Dec. 18, 1858, NEW SENATOR. Mr. Sxvasttan, (dem.) of Ark., presonted the credea- tials of Mr. Johnson, elected to fill the vacancy occa- sioned by Mr. Borland’s resigaation. Mr. Johnson ap- peared and was sworn. THE PRESIDENT’S MESRAGE, ETO. ‘The President’s message was referred, on several mo- tions, to the appropriate committee. On motion of Mr. Stuart, (dem.) of Mich., a number of Senate documents containing the message, &c., wore ordered to be delivered to the President and the severa! Departments. My. Smztps, (dem.) of Ul., reported a bill to increase the efficiency of the army, and gave notice that he would call it up at an early day. ‘The House bill for the relief of the heirs of Baron De Kalb was taken up and debated. Messrs. Bapcrs, (whig) of N. C., and Crayton, (whig) of Del., warmly eulogized the virtues and noble deeds of De Kalb, and urged the passage of the bill. It was refer- red. The bill establishing a department of law in place of the Attorney General’s office was taken up. Mr. Apams, (dem.) of Mississippi, proposed some ver- bal amendments, which were agreed to, and the bill was then postponed. . PROPOSED BOARD OF COMMIBSIONERS ON PRIVATE CLAIMS. The bill establishing a Board of Commissioners to ex- amine and adjust private claims against the United States was taken up. Mr. Bropuxap, (dem.) of Pennsylvania, addressed the Senate in explanation and in support of the bill. “Mr. Huyrer (dem.), of Va., favored an independeat and open court rather than commissioners jovable. Mr. CLartox referred to twice paid claims, and tle re- cent arrest of a similar case. He wished the Commis- sioners to be arbitrators, not agents, for government a a ae a 5 Oo! .) Pro) referring the whole subject to the Judiciary committee. a! Mr. Jongs, (whig) of Tenn , it this was the most important ever brought before Congress, and moved its reference tes select cominitteo five, to be ap- pointed by the chair. Mr. Dawsoy, (whig) of Ga., objected to a reference. He discussed the question, and then sgked, why refer? Mr. Joxra, of Tenn., replied, because the speech of the gentleman trom fee ne demonstrated that the bdill in its present state would not be satisfactory. It provides merely for a committes, and then the whole subject would have to come before Congress. ‘The bill was referred to a select committee of five. Mr. Bapcrr asked to soapy from serving on the ce. The Senate then adjourned. House of Representatives, Wasutxcton, Dec. 18, 1851. NOCNTY LANDS YOR TER OFFCHRS, SEAMEN AND MARINIg WHO SKRVED IN TAS MEXICAN WAR. Mr. Roumxs, (dem.) of Pa, offered a resolution in structing the Committee on Naval Affairs to inquire into the expediency of placing the officers, seamen and ma- vines who served during the Mexican war, on the samo footing as to bounty land, extra pay, &c., as those who served in the Pacific during the same period. Adopted. ADDITIONAL SLOOPS-OF-WAR. Mr. Puriirs, (dem.) of Ala., introduced a bilauthorla- ing the construction of six sloops of-war. Referred to ihe Committee on Naval Affairs. MEDIATION OF THY UNITED STATES IN THE BUROPEAN WAR. Mr. Cruxeatay, (dem.) of N. C., made an ineffectual effort to introduce a joint resolution, that it might be referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, requesting the Pre- sident to tender the mediation of this government be- tweqmthe Powers engaged in the Eastern war. CLAIM OF BETSY NASH—MRS. BATCHRLDER—THE FUGITIVE SLAVH RIOT. Mr, Bexyrit, (whig) of N. Y., moved to reconsid§ the vote by which the bill for the relief of Betsey Nash was committed to the Committee of the Whog on the State of the Union, It was a notorious claim, about which there was no doubt, and he wished it to pass independently of the Senate amendment ap- propristing three thousand dollars for the relief of Mrs, | Batchelder, whose husband was killed in May last at Boston, while assisting the United States Marshal to execute the Fugitive slave law. * Mr. Hexpricks, (dom.) of Ind., said ‘the Batchelder | case would cause a controversy, and should not ermbar- rass the claim of Bets . He was willing to con- sider the first named at the proper time, andif it should | prove proper, vote for it. BOSTON | — & : g re S 5 i Hf 4 H fy $ : i | E i i it oT ii i , i. t Eg rt A I i iff * $ 5 5 fr i E i Zs 4 ES 8 § z # j i 5 if g i ; i ii i i i i i organization, }, sprang from the late canvass. It was a trick, and the managers were as well aware of it aa he. This association legal, in fact conspiracy to rob men of their rights by As to foreigners, when they cam» to our shores, we should indoctrinate them with repub- lican ideas, in order to make them good citizens, faith- fuland reliable. If they are put under ban this cannot be done. If forcigners are to be excluded from office that the whole world should come over and sett country. His opinion was, there should be no more foreigners at a time than can amalgsmate with our poo- ple more than this would be dangerous. In relation te corruption in elections, he said the natives spoil foreign- era by truckling for their votes. Both partiee have resort- ed to this but they are afraid to, provoke in tion, Tt was idle to seok a remedy in new laws until the old ones have been fully tested. “He considered this a Northern | Yexed question, just asthe negro question is s vexed | question in the South. Itis@ question of ization oflabor. He said Know errr ond dit it . government which undertakes to control him in this right of opinion strikes at the basis of our republican institutions, and for this ought to be wi away from the face of the earth. He repeated he had the right to form oem for himself. God gave him that right. Mr, Banpy--Has a secret society the right to bind a man! if Mc. Banxs—I'll come to that. Mr. Barry—I would ask whether the New York eoun- | cil had the right to bind mem under oath to tell who they voted fort Mr. Banus replied—I have a right to my ow: q My vote is my ballot, which is a secret institution. 1 haves right to give it secretly, unknown to men or secret institutions. In considering a public wrong, it la right to see what constitutes the wrong, and by that we get at the idea of the wrong. What is tho association, and who are the members of it? The people of the | United States. it 18 not an association limited by num. | bers, but it seeks, a the numerical stre: ofits members, to control the elections of the country, | therefore it wa og in its ature. Whatever the | Ceaign of the New York Council or association avy- | where, they who undertake to contrcl the govern- | ment of thisecourtry by numerical votes make recrecy impossibie. There is a popular element in this associa. tion, and no donbt the gentlean k nows more than Tilo what makes secrecy impossible. ‘Tho geutleman from Misrissippi says the Know Nothings are one class ia the South, and ia the North another—that in one section they taxe up a man who was connected with the demo- cratic party, and in another connected with the whig party. This was true andreasonable. These men left the old party organizations for reasons. There may sometimes be a necessity for thix, and the form which men may choose to organize concerns themselves. He took an illustration from his ow State, and in this con- nection spoke of the oppressive influence of wealth nnd corperations upon the free spirits of the people. The movement in Massachusetts was on the part of the peeple, and not by those who owned Property. there are men there who could not act indepen‘icntly without being crushed; but in the night, and on a Sun- day, in a dark lane, and in amysterious way, these men | made a subterranean Faseage, acovered way, seen by noone. The moment they have constructed that way, you should have seen them go though it. (Laughter. ) | He would ask the gentleman from Mississippi whether the people had not 9 right to resort to that avenue of excape. ‘the people are responsible for their conduct. What have they done? Nothing to subject them to erim- | inal proseeution; and this point could not be contro- yerted by his friend fron Missi judge hk and such things as le will take care of judges. (Laughter. ) gentlemen may find they have something to do in this way. He asked if there was not a necessity which Justified this aetion. He thought he had demonstrated the rightof the people to act in their own way. He called attention to the fact that,they who do the wreng in Know Nothingism are the people. If there is no ma- Jority of the people, then no harm is done, The gentle man talks against secreey; was not the list Presidential election controlled by secret association and combi tion There is no popular movement that does not operate through a few privileged members. He was for publicity when a man acts for others, but when a man Mr. Faviixen, (whig) of Va., had nothing to say about | the claim of Betsy Nash; but he regarded that of Mrs. Batchelcer as equally meritorious, aud demanding | the consideration of the House, The bill was then made the special order for Friday | three weeks hence. ‘The House then went into committee on | ‘THE INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, And after amending it laid it dsido, to be reported to the House. ~ THK MILITARY ACADEMY—THB NEBRASKA QUESTION—ATTACK ON AND DEFENCE O¥ THE KNOW NOTHINGS. The bill making appropriations for the support of a military academy was taken up. Mr. Ouiver, (whig) of Mo., read a short speech for Mr. Penton by Teyuest, prepared by Mr. B. before he recent- y left the city for t) jorth. In this Mr. Benton says. | that Mr. Mace gave notice the other day of his intention to introduce a Dill prohibiting slavery in Territories, the | object being to restore to the Hoase and country the harmony they possessed at the commencement of last session. Aman, in Mr. Benton's opinion, who can-ac- complish this will be entitled to the character of = pub- Ke benefactor. He does not think Me. Mace’s resolution will have the effect, but on the contrary embarrass the object. Tho gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Mace). said he would oppose the admission of any State les: ing | slavery. With regard to the first propusition, Mr ton thinks the only effect will be to disquiet the ao*tlers in Kansas. At ihe next seasion the necessity for Mr. | Mace’s bill will be superseded by events. Kansas will apply for admission asa State. Now a State is untitled to admission with or without slavery. And this not airtue of any act of Congress or constitution, bat by a right anterior and suj to Congress and constitutior an inherent right of State sovereignty, fore the constitation was made, at - rendered by the States when the constitution wags framed, and therefore retained by the tae Add to this’s treaty right to the same cdlect. Ken is part of a former provinces of Lonisinwa, and has a | right und treaty between France aad the United | States to be incorporated into the Union, as soon as it | can be done, in accordance with the provisions of the | federal ealastale sian a Liew of the Reave d | gifes this absolute right, whether Kansas presen’ er- self with or without slavery. There was, Mr. Benton says, crimination and recriminaiien on the of Messrs. Mace and Oliver. The fit charged the Mis. sourians with having crossed into to contzol the election of a delegate, and the lader retorted that men were sent from New Jagland to cot election. Benton believes that both were about ht. be Os BAxry, (dem.) of Missouri, rose to # of what in common parlance was termed ‘Know Nothingism,”’ ara has > recently sprung into Certo Ite ae jers are unknown, and ite gurposes are uaknown, be- cause the purposes of ‘those'whe rotess ta be“ Kaow Ne in”? are 1 01 organiza- tions, it Coes not avow its . If, imattempting to. sfind out are caow Nothing,” he should de inj ‘on. this who belong to thera rise and Nothingism” awelle every it'may subvert} the vernment is im aur institutiona haa ing of aversion to men within the cirsle of fool- ® common a eae soccer tok iecmenmtion enemas that form associat thing society tions cmon thematives. But, tions are not confined tothem. Where there are of opinion, there will arise different associations. Errors of belief will be found among our own native born citizens, societies the doctrines main’ There are tained such poress ‘na the Boston cannot eradicated | right, and hat stood by foreigners, whether high or acts for himself no man has a right to his thoughts. If he said nothing, and know nothing, it was his right. (Laughter.) He did not know whether the gentleman trom Mississippi was right or wrong in his exposition of Know Nothingism. He bad read the article from which the gentieman quoted, but did not see anything there about the naturalization laws, nor ® limitation op voting. The article from the Penneyieanéan was copied into the papers of hix section, He did not see anything referring to the Oatholic religion or Romam Catholic church. Mr. Banry—I will correct the gentleman. I will read from the Pennsylvanian, and the gentleman will admit his error. Mr. Baxxs—I will admit nothing. I know nothing. (Laughter, and a voice, “Banks, you're a good Know Nothing. ‘Ha! lia !”?) Mr. Banny read from the Ponnsylvenian part of the oath. “You will remove all foreigners, aliens, or Roman Catholics, and in no case appoint suck fo office.” Mr. Baxxs—The gentleman at first said Catholics; he 's Roman Catholics, JakRY—The gentleman misunderstood me. Mr. Baxks replied, he had no objection to men of the Roman Catholic Chureb, and would vote for his friend from Penneylvania (Mr. Ghandler,) notwithstanding his belonging to that church; but there was another branch of this question. The Pope stands ont as the Vicar of God, not only as supreme ia spiritual aifairs, but also to control all governments, and sunder men.from their re- lations to the State; and that the part of the church creed which makes the Pontiff the supremo head, with wer to absolve men. from. allegiance to governaenta, has never been disavowed. If that was a man’s Roman Catholiciam, be should not vote far him. He doubted not every mero here entertained the same view. Hy» had in the eye of God always endeavored to be just toward all men. He had defended North and South, when low, rich. or peor; but if a fersigner declares. he holds as the suprem. dead the Pope of Kome, and that by him he can he dissolved from allegiange to the Unite? States, or the commonwealth, he bas nv claims on him. Mr. Earry—I have always heard such a prerogative diselaimed. Mr. Baxrs—€o have I, but I have never heard such a power disavowed. oe eke believe the Pope he a pot the prin- € at he is never compelled 40 tell aaything. Fa Banatat agree with the gentleman that th r. ¥—I agree wi gentleman eo man par such powerin the Pepe has no right ait here. Mr. Bawxs—-I rest myself om the ground that the | aap tg has never been dissvowed as to seou- ir matters. He proceeded to cendimn old parties trnekling to foreigners, who have held the balance of power in election, and said a man once told him, ‘I am & Jesuit, and our instructions are to shout for , but vote for Taylor.”” The committee rose, and the Indian West Point Appro- priaties bills were then passed. The House then adjourned, — pa Our Wa shingtan Correspondence. ‘Wasumcton, Dec. 15, 1854. The Gradvation Land Bills—Dawson and Hunter's Plans—The French Spottation Bill—Increase of Pay. Mr. Dawson, of Pennsylvania, is attempting to revive hia Homestead bill, a hobby which he rode last ses- sion inthe hope that it might give him sufficient prominence to get into the United States Senate in place of Mr. Cooper, whose term of office expires with the present Congress. The Know Nothings and the whigs | combined, however, have upset Mr. Dawson's calcula- | tions, as the Legislature of Pennsylvania just elected, by withou! tiona under which they arise. If we just tony of nye ‘we must havo a monoton: iam. £0 far as ho could learn this association had for object, firat, exclusion of a from offico—vecond- y extension of the naturalization lawa to tweaty-one pots | Bomentend bill.’ But it ia probable the aspiring Penn- will, of course, send » thorough whig to the Senate, in- | Stead of an administration man like the “father of the | aylvanta member has an eyo on the Prosidonoy, and he | Keeps up his bill as so much capital to work upom. There is not the slightest chance of the bill becoming a law, unless it docs so as @ compromise, with Mr. Humter’s amendment as a prominent feature. ‘Mr. Hunter's amendment is not generally understood Tt provides for a graduated scale of prices for the ;ub'ie lands, according to the period it has been in market, and tants to such States as give proper security sections of lands within those States for ‘railroad purposes, pro- vided they pay the sum for such lands fixed by the Graduated scale of their value—getting, however, ten years credit therefor. In this respect it differs widely from the scheme to donate alternate sections of lands for railroad purposes, and it is because of this difference that tt meets with vo mach opposition at the hands of many railroad men. ‘The alternate section plan asks for a donation of the lands upon the ground that the sections reserved by the government are increased in value by the construc- tion of the railroads, and that consequently the govern- ment receives as much money in cash in the treasury for the reserved sections as would be paid for all the land if no railroad was built; whilst the building of the Toad insures rapid settlement and speedy sales of the public domain. Mr. Hunter's bill, on the contrary, lowers the price 0” the public lanas to all purchasers in proportion to the of time it has been in market, and sells to the Baise which desire it such lands lying within their limits 25 may be necessary for the construction of a rail- road; the only adv. poh the States receive over the private purchaser being in the ten years credit, the lands at the samo time being so secured to the ge: overnment should take the responsibility of ensotins | ment that if thi them Saver fee or that Purpose, and seats th glory or shame, | Bagh nee nce PaY OF nek as the case may be. They ru ve such officers as If Mr, Hanter’s bill ‘ies, then it of demolish- the people may see fit ye them, morals and qualifi- | 94 the individual railroad bills. SWhedeme 8 we or ae cations being the test. bad never indulged in the railroad measure has been brought fo1 Hun- “Fourth of July ballucination,” so often ex) , | ter’s bill cannot affect it, except in taking away the building of the road entirely from private companies, an giving it wholly into the hands of the states. Therd are some schemes, however, before Congress, wi ald be completely destroyed by Hunter's bill, such as the innati and St. Louis Railroad and the Fort Wayne and Council Bluff Ratlroad. These roads runs through three or four States, and for nesrly three-fourths of their distance through a highly cultivated country, where there is no public land for sale. Independent of this consideration, the Fort Wayne road is to run through Towa, and the Legislature and representatives in Con- gress of that State aro bitterly eppored toit, measures, any, fessions of object; in one part of coun It ia impossible to as yet wi from those - another. They possess will pes” Bat thesis ve general impression that, part of both the old parties; their object | in spite of the opposition of railroad men, Hunter's is to overthrow this ret far tn Re, bill will cai the best compromise between tho Kast. Every ism, woman’s rights and all, combi: under States which has yet been a ited. Know Ne Movement. It was a natural child of the ‘The French spoliation claimants are oir bill alien and sedition laws. After a few other remarks, he 1 the House, but from present appearances with sot ste pees ae that its existence would bo of £ Cepeda gid Soy of success. The enormous fees . lo Messrs. Caustin and Sullivan, as well as the Mr. ae of Lapa saying, in reply to inowhage that the claims are nearly all held by wealthy the remarks of Mr. whee which ‘been read, that | speculators who have bought them up for a mere song, Massachusetts sent some of her best and truest men to 2 abd erfully with many members who might be the Kansas rites oe to notice Mr. Barry’s | disposed to loosely vote the money ia the light of chari- remarks. First, as tothe duty of men to promulgate y, ‘There are also members who, having looked into their views: a man is accountable to no human } | the question thoroughly and dispassionately, are satis- joint age for = opinions; _ when he Boag es t pA ere is Fee at whatever nee the United regard government, as a mem! lates, who erefore oppose it on tl . social compact, he is accountable to government. The It is unfortunate that Mr. Badg ar ave setae F should have saddled his proposition to increase ihe selaries of the Judges of the Supreme Court by an increase also of the pay of members of Congrers. The subjects aro totally uncon- nected, and their being coupled together by Mr. Bad- r, may be the means of defeating both. The J f 6 Supreme Court receive but 500 a year, ‘totally inadequate as a compensation for gentlemen sup- posed to be at the head of Lepage They should receive at least as much as law; can make, say $10,000 a year. It isthe hij Agere ty in the Union, the onfy court recognized by name in the constitution, and its members should receive a compen- sation somewhat in Keeping with their elevated poalilon and their Kae da talent and integrity. Tt is supposed ti & very vigorous ati it will be made this session to increase the salaries of our minis- ters abroad, spesiay as most of the gentlemen now there 6x] the Prositest will do them the favor of a recall, so that they may pocket their ‘infits,”’ and mate room for some others of tke faithful. Under the existing pay of our foreign ministers, none but rich men on —. “ einer ee for more than two cra ‘or that time they can manage to got al pretty well, os the followi: “A calculation wil shows Ealary for two years, $18,000; outfit and infit, $18,000— $36,000, or eighteen thousand dollars a year. Wasmoton, Dee, 17, 1854. The Consulate at Panama—What is it Worth ?—Poor Returns. In the early days of the present administration, th+ Panama Consulship was considered one of the most lu- crative offices—perhaps the most Iuerative within the gift of the Executive, being variously estimated from twenty to forty thousand dollars per annum; but I have reason to believe that the golden dreams of the fortunate applicant for this position have been sadly disappointed. Col. Thomas Win. Ward, of Texas, who was honored by President Plerce with the appointment, has returned to this city, after an absence of just twelve months in Pa- nama, and reports, as I understand, that instead of re- alizing forty thousand, or even twenty thousand dollars, the Consulate is just six hundred dollarsin dobt, on the first year’s operations. And this must be #0, from the very nature of circumstances. With only {wo steamers and one Fail vessel leaving the port monthly, from what cource is arevenue to be derived? Formerly, immense crowds of emigrants crossing the Isthmus were delayed inFanama for yessels to convey them to California. These Is, being small sail vessels, and numerous, and engers generally being flush of change, the consu- ore large. Things are not so now, and the principal ‘on of the Consul and his secretary is to attend to the U.S. malls, for which the Post Oftics Department allows the very inadequate sum of one thousand dol- lars perannum. Col. Ward pays his secretary fifteen hundred dota’ and Tor office rent fifteen hundred more. ‘The price of living is also high. A person with asmallfemily, with al} the esonomy possible, cannot subsist on leas than ten thousand doll Such is the cost of living in Panama, and such the limited sources of revenue to meet it. IT am not surprised, thon, to learn that the Consulate is in debt. Application has been made to the Postmaster General to increase the allowance as mail agent, which should ho refuse, Col. Ward wil resign his consular commission. This would be deeply regretted by all interested in the California and Facifle mails, for never have the mails been so eff- ciently managed as since they have beeg under the | cont:ol of our presént Consul. | In the absence of Col. W., the Consulate is in charge | of A. B. Boyd, Eaq., proprietor of the Paname Star, and a gentleman every way qualified to discharge the du- ties. Col. Ward, however, expects to complete his offi. cial arrangements in this city within the present week, and will then leave immediately for his post of duty: | RS Wasnzxarox, Dec. 17, 1854. Pudlic Printing of both Houses United. That time-serving and sycophantic print, the Union, well knowing that its existence must terminate with the Present imbecileadministration, an that its proprietors will never have another chance to obtain government patronage, have resolved, for the remaining period of their being, to make the most of the pap now afforded them. To this end, they have made arrangements with the Senate printer to co all the heavy work orderel by that body at their establishment, thereby saving the cont of one composition, as the reports, documenta, &c., are the same for both branches, an’ alteration in the headings being all that is required. By this arrange. ment, it is ealeulated, the Union will mako an.additional sum on the public printing, for the remainder of this srasien, of $20,000. Hut this gain, on their part is total privetion to others, aa it will throw ont of employment at last twenty compesitors, This shows the rezard these pseudo patriots and counterfeit philauthtopiste have ior the workivg classes when influonced by in torent. . Wasmnscroy, Dee. 17, 1854. ‘The Knoiw Nothings im Congress. The Know Nothing associations and principles which have spread over the country so rapidly and overwhelm. | Ingly as to starile theel! and young fogics, have also | entered the halls of Congress, and it is beKeved can, in the present Houre of Representatives, command some fifty votes. This number, asa solid body, can exorci«o great influence during the winter, and it is probable will succeed im spoiling the calculations of more than one aspirant to the hovors of Rumcombe. v rst demonstration which will be made will como in the shape of an amcndment to Pawson’s new home- stead bill, An amendment will be offered excluding all foreigners from a participation in the benefits of the bill, and as this will andoudtedly be voted down, it kills the ‘vil. The majority which was gp 9 od the home- stead bill lant session will now be fou Bot the discussion will open up the whole question of foreigners and aa probably have the eifect al in the organization of the 9 tea quite bn sola. Th “Samy” did nol intend to make his debat Of legislation till next of Mr, Adams in Movements t stato: men and the fears of demagogues. The friends of the admini: tration are consoling “them selvoa with the idea that the Know Nothings are only abolitionists and can nevor take rank as national par it. But the Know Nothings in New York wore not identified with the abolitionists, nor oan their triamphs, which will take place in Me em and other Southera 5 be tortured by any sophistry into abolition vic- Es | fore the coroner :— | the New York and Erie railroad, at the foot of Chambers | from them; I cannot identify the prisoner as the man, Breadway Theatre—Engiish Orere. ‘The re-appearance of the Pyne and Harrison troupe, after a brief but most successful engage: ent at Boston, drew a crowded and fashionable audience to this theatre last night. The opera selected for this occasion—“‘ Fra Diavolo’'—although inferior to most «f the other com- positions of Auber, still abounds with the light and sparkling melodies which form the great charm of his works, and which must ever render them popular with those who care loss for the scientific elaborations of the Ttaliaa school than for the natural expression of musical sentiment. It possesses besides the advantage of being allied with an artistically constructed and interesting atory—a feature in which some of the best works of our English composers are deficient ; and which, whatever may be their musical merits, renders their effect, ina dramatic sense, unsatisfactory. We may add, too, that the objection urged against the English versions of tho Italian lyrical drama, which, generally speaking, pre- sent an absurd caricature of their originals, in which every feature is distorted and nothing appears natura! or graceful, with less force to the productions of the French ‘The latter possesses greater adapta- bility to the sequirements of our stage, which seeks for success leas-inm the selentific appreciation of an advanced musical taste than in the power of captivating the senses by the force of simple and natural expression. ‘The Zerlina of Louisa Pyne was regarded in the view which we take of a correct understanding both of the text of the composer and of her audience, one of the moat successful efforts of this charming vocalist. There are few singers of the present day who combine with such s thorough knowledge of her art more of its real sentiment and sympathetic tenderness. All her efforts speak directly to the heart, and while she delights us by the wonderful power which sho possesses over all the resources of her admirably trained voice, she seems to use them less to achieve triumphs of mere vocal mecha- nism—a defect common to most of our great singers— than as the natural vehicle of the feelings. There is nothing forced, nothing constrained in her style, which seems rather a physical endowment than the result of culture. It is this apparent unconsciousness of her own powers which imparts’such a grace and reality to her efforts, and which has rendered her deservedly one of the greatest favorites of the many musical celebri- ties that have appeared of late years on our stage. ‘We were pleased to find that Mr. Harrison has entirely recovered from the hoarseness under which he was laboring when last here, and that he was able togive ful; effect to the rdle of the dashing brigand Marquis, which is justly considered one of the best of his impersonatiens, The music of the part, as well as its lively dramatic action, are exactly suited to the peculiaritics of his voice and style. With regard to the other characters of the piece, there is not much to say. The Giacomo of M. Borrani did not afford him much scope for the display of the talents which he unquestionably possesses. So far as it went, he acquitted himself, as he always does—most creditably. Avoiding the mistake, which has proved tue rock on which so many promising operatic speculations have split—that of running a piece until the public tire and sickon of it—the management of this theatre intend, we understand, to produce a rapid succession of novelties during the present bricf engagement of this popular troupe. The ‘ Crown Diamonds’? will be given to-night, and on Wednesday will be produced, for the first time these thirteen years, the “Beggars’ Opera.” We are glad to see on attempt made to revive some of the once popu” lar, but now almost obsolete works of the early English composers. Burton’s Theatre—Bene@t to Mr. Morris Barnett. Last evening Mr. Burton gave a frée benefit to the adapter of the ‘Serious Family,” and thero was a very good house. The rain attraction of the evening wa the performance of the beneficiary, Mr. Barnett, wh played Monsieur Jacques, in the clewer sketch of tha ame. The playisatrifle. Anold¥rench music master in difficulties is pestered by his landlord, and befriended by a young gentleman with Hmited pecuniary resources and @ black frock-coat buttoned up high in the neck. The landlord has a passion for fame, and endeavors to buy, for » small snm, en opera which has been compnsnd by M. Jacques. The old man refuses to sell, and the landlord threatens to eject him from the premises, when the young man in difficulties. pledges hs coat, in order to pay the. composer’s rent. Things are inthis uncomfortable state when the daugh- ter of M. Jacques turns up with any amount of money, and, of course, relicves the whole party. Mr. Barnett’s acting was exquisite throughout, and although we may have heard as good an accent, yet no actor in America | ever identified himrelf so completely with the eccentrici- ties of the Fronch character as did the Monsieur Jacques of last eve fe gave us 0 completo and beautiful picture that it is impossible to particularise the several points in which he excelled. He received a most cordial welcome, and throughout the performance | was greeted with hearty applause. After the fall of the curtain he was called out, and briefly returned bia thanks for the honor. He apologized for hoarseness of voice, and hoped to do better at some future time; but the audience evidently thought he had done well. Tho whole piece,was very well played. Miss Raymond, Mr. A. Andrews and Mr. Marchant, deserve credit for the excellent style in whieh they rendered the parte on- trusted to them. Coroner’s Inquests. THE LATE HOMICIDE AT THE FOOT OF CHAMBERS STREET. Yesterday, coroner Gamble held an inquest at the New York Hospital, upon the body of Hugh Hagen, who came to his death by being struck on the head witha cart rung, on the evening of Tuesday last. He lingered | at the hospital until Saturday at 3 o’clock, when ho died. ‘The following facts were elicit upon the inquest be. Hugh Smith, of 52 Pitt street, being sworn, said: 4am acarman; on Tuesday evening I was on the dock of atreet, with my horse and cart; I asked Hugh Hagan the deceased, if he had any packages cong down to 141 Washington street, where he worked, and he told me to wait few minutes, that there was a party there he thought Le could get; I then heard the deceased Hugh an, and some other man having words; Hagan said to him, “ You want to fight, if you do I'm your man.” ‘The other man said, “Go about your business.” He then said, “ hold on, I'll give you fighting enough,” | this man’ then picked up some, baggage, and put, én | Grabam’s cart which stood near by; as soon as he laid the bageage down, he took the rung ont of Graham's cart, walked down the length of my cart, drew the runz over Hagan’s head and prostrated him on the pier, with pewerful blow; Se bad the rurg in both handa; I thought Hsgan was dead; ho struc! deceased but once, ani left him; ‘I cried out, you murdering villain, you bave killed the many” the man in question appeared to put the rong back; T erled out for some of the people on the wharf to catch him, but the assailant appeared to escape but think this {s him ; my impression is that it is him. ‘Thomas Keefe having Ween duly sworn, deposed—That on Tuesday Inst deceaned and be walked from the battery | the best to the foot of Chambers streot; when they got there it wos just about dark; I lost sight of the deccasod after being om the end of ta pier, and did not see him for geome time, end when I again observed him he was tals. ing to some passengers; in aw few seconds after that [ heard the deceased esy to the prisomer: “is it a Gght that you want; the prisoner said, “hold on, J will ive you some.” this man then went to a cart, and tak- < fone hagea off {t, then took out a cart Fung from the cart, and going towards the deceased, struck him with It sight acroes the head; the deceased fell to the ground; the man that struck tho deceased then went to ‘the cart and placed the rung where it had previously been taken ym; a Mr. Swnith and others who were neor and witnessed the blow cried out to the man, upen which he started off, and ran towards West stroot, where he was caught; I besrd the prisoner say that he struck the deceased in self defence. Dr. Derby, of the New York Hospital aul; 5 e New a y sworn, depored as fol!ows:—The deceased was on the loft side. from the elects of which he died om y, doubt the cause of death. The tcatimony being hore closed, the case was given into the hands of the jury, who, aftér a few momenta’ \eliberation, rendered tae following YERDIOT. We find that the said Hugh Hagan came to his death by & blow on the head frome cart-rung in the hands of Dennis Garrick, on the 12th day of December, 1854, at the foot of Chambers street. On the rendition of the verdict, Garrick was committed to the Tombs to awnit the action of the Grand Jury. THE NEW YORK HERALD. PRICE TWO CENTS. - WESTERN GEOGRAPHY. DIs‘COURSE OF THOMAS H. BENTON. On the Physical Geography of the Country be= and California, We live in an a0 when utility and progress are the order of the day, and when all propositions of the states- man and the lawg ‘ver, as wellas of the philosopher an@ mechanician, are br Vught to the touchstoneof use and Practice, and dismiss ¢d from the public mind as enwor- thy of attention, if fo. \ad unable to stand that test, £ profess to belong to th. vt school, and come here te-night upon your kind invitat. ‘on, to discourse upon a subject which will bear that tes, ‘one which has already muck engaged the public mind, ead on which practical views, and not speculative opinion ¥, are wanted. Iepesk of the country beyond the Mississ. \ppi—between Missourl an@ California—its physical goog: *phy, and its adaptation to settlement and cultivation, an @ to the construction of @ railroad to the Pacific ocean, 1 have paid some at- tention to this geography, indu ed by & local position and some turn for geographics \! inquiry; and, in « period of more than thirty "ears, have collecte@ whatever information was to b ) obtained from the reading of books, the report of tray ‘llers, and the con- versation of hunters anti traders ; an © all with a view te establish practical results, and feel authorised to believe from all that I have learned, that this vast fogion le on» pable of sustaining populous communiti, ™, 6nd exalting them to wealth and power—that the line of great States which now stretch half-way across our ‘atinent im the in the same latitudes, (Pennsylvania, © ¥fo, Indiana, Minois, Missourl,) may be matched by ane qual number of States, equally great, between Missouri an # Califerniag andthat the country {s perfectly adapted t. 9 the oon- “struction of a railroad, and all sorte of roads, t: ‘aversable in all seasons. This is my dpinion, and I pi *008ed to verify it : and first of the five States, their diagr. ms and relative positions, and then their capabilities. The present Territory of Kansas, extending ‘woven hundred miles in length upon two hundred in bre with, and containing above one handed thousand sqace miles, would form two States of above Gy thousand square miles each, <A section of the Rocky mountains, embracing the Three Parks, and the head waters of the Sotutt Platte, the Arkansas, Del Norte, and the eastern branches of the Great Colorado of the West, would form another State, larger iq the opinion of Fremont than all the Swiss cantons put together; and presenting everything grand and beautiful that is to be found in Switserlamd, without its drawback of avalanches and glaciers. The valley of the Upper Colorado, from the western baseef the Rocky mountains to the eastern base of the Wahsatel ‘and Anterria ranges, 200 miles wide by 200 long, an@ now a part of Utah, might form the fourth—and the re- mainder of Utah, from the Wahsatch to California, would form the fifth—of which the part this way cover- ing the Santa Clara meadows, and Wahsatch and Aa- terria ranges, would be the brightest part. Here them are five diagrams of territory, sufficient in extent, as any wap will show, to form five States of the first mag- nitude. That much is demonstrated: now for the incapabilities to sustain populous sommunities, and their adaption to the construction of a railroad, We begin with the Territory of Kansas, and find tts length above three times its breadth, and naturally @t- visible into two States by north and south line, half way to the mountains. The eastern half is beginning te be known from the reports of emigrants and explorers; but to understand.its whole interior the general outline of the whole Territory must first be traced—in the mind’s eye, or upon a map. Maps are not s0 convenient in so large afi assemblage, so the mind’s eye must be put in requisition, and made to follow the lines as indi- cated, thus:—Beginning on the western boundary of Missouri, in the latitude of 57 degrees, and following that parallel west, to the castern boundary of New Mex- ico, then a deflection of one degree north to the parallel of 38; and on that parallel to the summit of the Rocky Mountains; then northwardly along that summit to the arallel of 40 degrees; then east with that parallel te tie Missouri line; and south with that line to the be- ginning. This is the outline; now for the interior; and for the sake of distinctness we will examine sen. ec- tions, conformable to the natural divisions the countrys; Wecommence with the Kansas river, on the north sido of te kf natlge 6 and its four lor forks—the Smoby Hill, the Saline, Solomon’s, and the Republica which the Smoky Hill is th at considerable, and f= ee for the advantage of the Terri! . AB these forks flow in the right direction—from west te cast—and are beautifully parallel to each other, withoet mountains or ridges between to interrupt thelr comme- nications, and making, after their junction, near twe hundred miles of steamboat navigation before united waters reach the great Missoun river. land drained by these streams constitute the Valley of Kansar—if the ter y can be applied toa which has but little perceptible depression Selo general level of the country. We will consider term applicable to all the territory drained by all Ki forks and all their tributaries. One de, seri ich and tempting as Feypt would be, if raised above the flood, waved into gentle undulations, variegated groves and meadows, sprinkled with springs, coursed streams, end warmed by a sun which warms wi burning, and blessed with the alteration of sessona which give vigor to the mind and body. Egypt raised up, and changed, might stand for Kansas: as she in, the only point of comparison isin the soil. thie valley is high’ and clean, diversified with wood and prairie, watered by springs and stroams, greasy and flowery—its bosom filled with stone for ing, coal for fuel, and iron for the home supply of that first of metals. ‘This is the Kansas of the nor: , orfKansas river side, where Fremont says (and he has aright to know), = continuous corn field, two bundred miles in te might be made—so rich and level is the country. of this part it is not to say much, as the crowds of emi ite are directing themselves uj and vieing with cach other in the glo which they give of ita beauty, salubrity and fertil I turn ‘to the south side of the Territory, of little bas been said, and much is to be ani all pre- fitable to be known. In the first place, this south side ineludes the whole body of the Arkansas river, near the Missouri line to its headmost spring in the Rocky mountains—a length of above seven miles on a straight line, and near double that length im the meanders of the stream. This gives to the a second large river, and im the right place, and in the right direction—and parallel to the other, as ite twin sister; and so near together as to be more than a degree, and sometimes not half » from each other, and no mountains or hi tween them. This, of itself, is a t advant ‘Territory ; for the Arkansas, like all rivers country, brings fertile borders, and groves rich grasa, and makes an attractive line for travel. 1m thenext place, it gives a succession of taries om each ee weh Pee lines of wood water—the only thing wan’ for settlement and vation. feme of these tribptaries are of good sud drain wide areas—as the Neosho, drawing panded beed- waters from the centre of hinge 7 two pan na oy Se es The Vordigris te ina reaches the Arkansas river. ie but less than the Neosho, and the next, sooo same characteristion; and both, adapied to cult and pasturage. the opposi' the south, in the Salt fort ef the Ay part of it within the limite of ita salt and rock salkt—imy waters undrinkable in cels of this rock salt at by fr i HinFL i z a wali hi a- i f H if F : i i < Fi ali it grasa, eq putritions for it dries of itself on the andy. {rerearth, inviting aM ruminating animate take their food on 8 without meacare and wit —0 great pastors . in which the ox wil hie master’s crib, nor the ass the hand