The New York Herald Newspaper, December 12, 1854, Page 4

JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, WPPICE x. W. CORNER NASSAU AND FULTON gr, TERMS iy) HEI UED, 2 cent #7 THE DAIL ERALD, 2 cents per ¢: 7 annum. TUE WEKKLY HERALD cvery)Satupey ‘Ase, conte ner | aepy, or $8 per annum uroperm tition $4 per annurn, fe any purt of Great Britain, and $% to any part of the Con- Boent, both fo inclute; vu 4RY CORRESPONDYENCR, containing impor- Yont news, solicited from aay yuerter of the world—4f used wal Le liberally paid for. a- Cun Forsign Cornnsspon- DENTS ARE PARTICULARLY REQUESTED TO SEAL ALL ANIL LETTER by Mod for Submcriptoons or swith Ado ‘4 or er teements to be post patd, or the postage will be deducted from r ‘the money remut NO NOTICE taken of anonymous communications, We do wot return hose reject ézecuted with neatness, cheapness, and JOB t eased TING VER TISEMENTS renewed every day. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Buionren Bx- me—Misuumen Nour's dnzam. BOWERY THEATRE. Bowery—Equestaian Perromu- amone—Ticur Rore—CaTanact OF THE GANGEs. BIBLO’S GARDEN, Bi BURTON'S, Chambers street—Urrer Ten axn Lowen Swenry—Aroi.o in New Yorx. NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham street—EqussTaiay SPMRFORMANCES—GOLDEN AXE. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Brosdway—Grariexan ynom -#auLanp—Two ro Oxa—Naw Poorman. METROPOLITAN THEATRE, Broadway—Scuamre. AMERICAN MUSEUM. —Bacurion’s ToRMEyr! ‘WOOD'S VARIETIES—Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broadway. BUCKLEY’S OPERA HOUSE, 539 Broadway—Bucx- Bev's Erniorian Opera Trovre. WOOD'S MINSTRELS—Minstrel! Hall, 444 Broadway, BROOKLYN MUSEUM—Ricwarp I1I—Lapy oF Lvoxs —Box anv Cox. ‘Tus Sonnamauuisr. m—Quirm ar Hows— ening—DAMON AND PYTHAS | Was transacte ““Wew York, Tuesday, December 12, 1854. Mails for Europe. NEW YORK HEBALD—EDITION FOR EUROPE. ‘The Cunard mail steamship Africa, Capt. Harrison, will Teave this port to-morrow at 12 0’clock, for Liverpool. The European mails will close in this eity at half-past ten o’elock to-morrow morning. The Hxnatp (printed in French and English) will be published at 10 o’clock in the morning. Single copies, in ‘wrappers, sixpence. Bubseriptions and advertisements for any edition of the New Yor« Henao will be received at the following ‘places in Europe :— Lavanroor.,.John Hunter, No. 2. Paradise street. Lonpon,. ..Edwards, Sandford & Co., No. 17 Cornhill. “ ‘Wm. Thomas & Co., No, 19 Catherine street. Pasus,.....-Livingston, Wells & Co., 8 Place de la Bourne, The contents of the European edition of the Hmany will embrace the news received by mail and telegraph at the c@ice during the previoun week, and to the hour of padlication, News for the Pacific. ‘The steamship Star of the West, Captain Turner, will leave this port this afternoon, at three o'clock, for Punta Arenas. The New York Hrratp—California edition—contain- img all the latest news by mail and telegraph from all parts of the world, will be published at ten o’clock this morning. Agents will please send in their orders as early as possible. ‘The News. — The S:nate met yesterday. Hon. David S. Reid, the newly elected democratic Senator from Norto Carolica, was qualified and took his seat. Mr. Adams in:roduced bis bill establishing a unifo-m naturalization law throughout the country. It was weferred to the Jadiciary Committee. The bill ex; tends the te: m of naturalizing foreigners to twenty one years. Of course it is intended to apply its provizions only to those persons who enter the United States after the passage of the act. Mr. Acsms Gisclaimed hostility to foreigners, and denied having any connection with the Know Nothing:; but tce burning in effigy of Senatcr Douglas by a party cf Germans had determined him to introduce hie bill. The correspondence relative to the diff: ealty between Mr. Dillon, the Fench Consul at Sia Franciec», and the United States authorities at that place, growing out of certain alleged filibuster designs on Mexico, was called for. Notice was given of bills providing for the improvement of the Illinois river ane the barbors of Chicago and Waukegan; also to abolisa the franking privilege. The approp:iation bill for the ccean mail service, containisg a clause discontinuing the coptract with the Collins line of Liverpool steamers, was briefly discuesed, and finally laid on the table. In the donse yesterday leava to offer a reaola- tion requesting the President to tender his media- tich ic the pending war in Enrope was refused. It ie understoc d that the re-olution will be renewed at a» eary dy. M-. Florence asked leave to offer a jon proviéing for the despatch of relief to the Grinnell expedition im search of Sir Jonn Frankiv, but objection was made. Bills makiag appro. riations for the support of the army, and for tie Military Acacemy, were reported and referrcd. On mxt.on of Mr. McDougal, the Pacific Railroad Dili wos } ortpoved till the second Tuesday-in Jaou azy, by wbich time tre reports of the surveys wil! be in readiness for distribution. A bl providisg for better discipline in the navy was reported, ut wietber te “cat” is to be reinstated in its former terrible forctions we are not informed. A motion to refer the President's Message to the ap propna’s cemmittecs was the sigaal for the com Mercement of the usual political debate on such Occesions. Mr. Giddings led off in bis usual style, and upon bis usnal treme. Mr. Ingersoll, of Con wecieut, replied. The debate, if such it may be eslled, clos d with au smendmens fiom John Wheeler, of this city, derouncing the Presidenv’s course in the Greytown exploit, and calling tor the a, po'biment of a select committee to in Vest ete the whole sflair, with power to sevd for persons and pagers, which wss voted down, In the case of Tucker, on tris] in the Kiegs Coun: ty Ojer snd Terminer for the murcer of hia chitd, evunsel ccoupied the entire session of the Court yesterday in summing uy. This morning Judg» Bwovg will delver bis charge. © publish elsewhere a letter from the Mother Superior of the Sisterhood of St. Joseph's Convent, the institution from which Miss Josephine Bunkley recently ¢fheted ber es ape. It purports to give the exact teuth ia relition to the matte-. Tbe monicipal election st Boston yesteriay re: suited ta the choice of the Kaow Nothing candidate for Mayor by @ majority over all competitors of 1,253 votes. Both bosrds of the next City Couccil, with perbajs two or tiree exceptions, will be com- wooed of men of the same party. The Koow Not itgs of Worcester also yesterday clected their entire ticket. Indeed throughout the entire State, excepting Charlestown, the K. N’s have been waccesefal, Our agent at Erie, Pa., writing on the 7th inst., states that for tho four days previous the hardest storm from the northwest had prevailed that had been experience: sinve Janna: y, 1851. Considera- ble enow had fallen, but it blew into drifts. Ice hid formei in the bay, near shore, from three to four inches in thickness. . Our latest advices from Texis state that Senstors | Houston and Rusk have approved, in writing, the | ecurse pursued by Gov. Pease in rejecting the | securities tende ed by Mesers. Walker and King in | fulfilment of the Pacific Railroad contract. [be | Indiavs were sti] committing outrages upon the | frontier, but Gen Smith had notified the Gover sor @f the receipt of orders ¢> master into the reguiar | service, for three months, the six companies of | rangers called out some time since. Emigrants | were arriving at Galveston in g eat number. The flour ma:ket y sterday was firmer for good to extra brands, but unchanged for common Siate. ‘The sales were to a moderate extent for ordinary | grsdes,as dealers were waiting later foreign news by the Pacific. The differencs betweon cash and | time sales varied from 190.9 25c. per barrel. At | the prevent time a coosiderable margin applies to | w branches of tends botween time and cash saloe, | Pi" ge white Ge nee wireat sold a! $2 25; Canadian * @,, free, at $2 05, avd Sows cen red at $1 80. Comm sold at 9249.c. Pork wa: heavy for meas, with sales of small otg, at $12 25 0 $13 50. A large bo: was offered at $13 37. Lard was s id prit'y freely for export at 10 9 1@hc. in bbls, ant 10) a Mein kegs. About 1,000 bales of cou'on were s) + chiedly for export. Dealers in prodace were aox url? expecting the arrival of the Pa: Sterling bills we e dull, ard varied from 103 18h. Both brauctes of the Common Council were in full bios last evening. A Jarge amount of basiness The speci.) committee of the Board of Ald rmen oa the construstion of a new City Hav, mace & report resommending tae plan of Martin ©. Thompson as bys: suited for the par- poses designed. Toe report of the committse, and a dexcri,t on of the plaus, together with a diagram of the propos:d builuing, may be found iu our columns this morning. Afte: an accrimoalous detets, @ motion to recommit the report, with instructions that the commiltes receive and ¢xamine ai] plans that may be submitted to them by arhtects, prevailed by a majority of one yote. The vomination by the Mayor of | Elias L. Smith to the office of President of the | Croton Aqueduct Board, was rejected by a vote of fourteen to six. Nominations o’ clerks for civil courts were received and laid on the table. Ia the Board of Councilmen a resolution was offered and referred calling on th; Com troller for a detailed statementof all moneys, for -ha ever service, dae by tne corporation, and which have not been gatis- fied in consequence of the insufficiency of the ay propriation. An interesting communication from the Board of Education, giving the statiatica of the attendance of pupils at the public schools, and the total estimate of expenditures for 1854, exclusive of certain epecified sums, was received. It is given in our report of the proceedings. The steamship Pacific, due at this port from Liverpool, bad not been telegraphed at the station at Sandy Hook at midnight. She is momentarily expected, with seven days later news. ‘The Board of 3upervisors met yesterday afternoon. The only businees of interest transacted was the adoption of a resolution increasing the salary of the Recorder from $3,000 to $3,500 per annum, to take effect on the Ist of January next. ‘We publish elsewhere a eraphic description of the new mills recently erected at Windsor Locks, ia Connecticut, by Messrs. Perase & Brooks, of this city, for the manufacture of printing paper, to- gether with a detailed account of the process by which the raw material is converted into an article ready for use. The Hrraup of to-day is a specimen of the work of these mills. The strictures which sppeared in the Heranp last week upon the very miserable rooms provided for the Superior Court, were fully borne out by the fact of Judge Roosevelt yesterday pronouncing the place intolerable, and thereupon sdjourning the pro- ceedivgs of the court to t e firat part of the Com- mon Pless. From Nassau (N. P.) we bave received our rega- lar files of W:si India papers, dated to the 20ta of October. Later dates hud reached us via England, but the joursais contain some interesting news. The Bahama Legislatue is summoned to meet on the 6tb of February, when it is thought that ths Governcr will propose the abolition of the Castom House at Nassau. It was reported, and believed in Dominica, that the Eoglish government had agreed to transfer that island to the French. People in Gvadaloupe and Martinique canvassed the subje t freely, and the Dominican papers advocate it as one chance of saving the inbabitants ‘from total ruin avd barbarism.” Progress of the Chinese Revolution--Pros- pects of Manifest Destiny in the East, Our latest intelligence from China shows no abatement in the bloody work of the momeut- ous revolution which for several years past has been sapping the foundations of that vast and ancient empire. A hundred thousand rebels around Canton, the continued burning and sacking of villages and cities through the inte- tior, the continued harassments to trade, and the increased perplexities of foreign ministers, consuls and fleets, between the hostile parties, give no prospect of peace short of a thorough- going nd complete reconstruction of the gov- ernment. The atriarchal barbaric system of Chi:a, which claims @ istcry of thousands of yeurs behind the Egyptian Pyramids, is aesailed by the modern principles of “ manifest destiny,” and must godown. Something of “the pro- gressive spirit of the age, ” something of civili- zation and Christianity, must supersede it. Whether it shall be in the form of an indepen- dent Christian empire or republic, or in the shape of a Russian province, or another British East India protectorate, it is for time to deter- mine. The ancient Chinese eystem is under- mined, and must fall to the ground. The present policy of the British, French and American diplomats and consuls in China ap- pears to be strictly limived to a sort of allied armed neutrality against imperialists and re- bels, for the protection of trade. Our late minis ter. Mr. Humphrey Marshall, exhibited adecid- ed Jeaning to the existing Imperial dynasty, on the ground that the success of the rebels would result in reducing the country to a con- dition of anarchy, from tbe evils of which Ww could only berescued through the rumane interposition of the East India colonial policy of England. In this view Mr. Marshall argued that the interests of the United States in China and on the Pacific Ocean would be bet ter subserved by sympathising with the legiti- mate reigning Emperor than with the savage and bloody rebels, whose leader modestly assumes to be nothirg more than a younger brother of Jeeus Christ, appealing to arms for the extir- pation of Paganism, and the substitution of the benign dispensation of the New Testament, The consistency of this chief is certainly questiova- ble. He dispenses the truths of revelation with the zest and simplicity of a new convert, while he devastates whole provinces, and piles up human heads like Tamerlane, to enforce tht doctrines of “faith, hope and charity,” “ peace and good will to men.” Where is this to end? What is to be the final delivery of this laboring mouatain, vom- iting its voleante fires, and making the earth to tremble with its strong convulsions? It is not a revolation between a dynasty in and a dy- nasty out of ; ower—not a struggle between the Chinese Bourbons and Bonapartists. Nor is it merely n contest between the old political in- stitutions of China and the newly introduced and vaguely understood principles of popular sovereignty It is, as the leader of the rebels, Tae-ping wong, has it—it ie, after the Chinese fashion, a war between Paganism and Chris- tianity ; and it is something mor. I: is acon- test in the issues of which are involved the military balance of power in Eastern Asia, and the naval and commercial supremacy 0° the Pacifie Ocean. Mr. Robert McLane, our present Min'ster to the Imperial government of H en-foung, as far as we heve been able to ascertain his posi | tion, is inclined to a course directly opposite to that of Mr. Marshall. He seems to think that the final success of the rebe s will resnlt in an independent government upon liberal princi ples; and that it will most natarilly extend to the United States the first privileges of com merce and the firat position among the friend'y _ ESS SE SOS EE LS STD ET EEE | and, «ympattia'ng nations of “ outside barbe- riane.” Our ogmion is that o Mr. Marshall, that, with the des ructi.n « f the'r oncient insti- | tutions, the Ci ese pe ple w.ll be thrown into | ® condition ‘rom which they ca oaly be extri- , cated by the int-rvention of a provectorate of some great p wer—England, Fraice, Russia, or the United States. , Russia has not been idle. Within the last year she has appropriated .nd annexed the Nor.iern Manchou provinc.s, nearly equal in | extent to she arca of the United Sta. s east of the Mississ’ppi, and watered by the river | Saghulian, scarce y sec:ni in length and volume | toour great“ Father of Waters” himself. Russia has done this, and has thus secured a military | #nd naval position on the eastern coast of the Pacific, which will ultimately enable her to hold her own against even Englan) on that side of the world. But for the present war with France and England, is is possible that ere this the Czar would have extended his southern boun- dary to Pekin, aud with a conquering army | still marching southward. It were an easy matter for him to precipitate two hundred thou- sand hardy noithern Tartars trom their cold | latitudes and desclate mountains down into the | genial climate and fruitful plains and valleys of Central China, Arrestet for the time, the | question recurs, what are the aims and expec- tations of the allies in reference to the balance of power in Eastern Asia? Should China be reduced to the hopeless con- fusion of internal anarchy, what will be the po- liey of England and France? A joint protec- torate? The experiment was tried in the East Indies, but the Frenchmen were expelled, and England aseumed the monopoiy there. Can they agree to divide the Chinese Empire between them? They would probably fall out upon the boundary, and come to blows for the whole or none. The ultimate fate of China may hang upon the present war with Russia. Should the allies be succesrful, according to their origin.) estimates, in Europe, they have given us due notice of their intentions to regutate the balance of power in America. Why should they not algo extend their regulations to Eastern Asia, when China, in her desperate struggle with barbarism and paganism, is calling so loudly for assistance in behalf of civilization, Curis- tianity and free trade? Let Russia be reduced to the terms of the allies in Europe, and we maf expect next to find England and France proclaiming their law for the Gulf ot Mexico, Cuba, and the other West India Islands and Central America. Next, we may, perhaps, be informed of the “ manifest cestiny” of China as an English protectorate, with the concession to France, as equivalents, of the Sandwich Islands, the Islands of Japan, Egypt, or thc Barbary States, or something «f the kind, in cluding, p rhaps, also, as a special present t» Louis Napoleon, :he historical Island of S Helena. Let Russia hold out and fatigue the allies into an ignominious peace, and the results may be widely different in Europe, America aud Asia. The subject, in this comprehensive view. might be further pursued; but it is sufficient for the present to : nderstand that the ultimate issues of the existing revolution in China de- pend more upon the war in Europe than upon the investment of Canton by a hundred thousand rebels. The rebels may capture and destroy Can ton, Nankin and Pekin; but the war will still go on in the vast interior, between the old religion and the new Christian dispensation of the revo- lutionary leaders, until a third power steps in, end appropriates the spoils. A settlement with Russia, on the other hand, must be followed by an adjustment of the “balanze of power’ in America ; and with the pacification of China upon some commercial basis, in which the con test must be between England, Ruseia and the United States for commercial supremacy. We could not—we never could—conveniently annex C: ina, even upon the unanimous applic.- tion of hey people. Our interests in that quarter depend upon the independence of the empire, and a commercial footing with it equal, at east, “ to that o the most favored nations.” We could not very conveniently intervene by furce of arms to enforce the doctrine of non-interven- tion in China; but we may, in the meantime, by active and sagacious diplomacy, do much to prevent the absorption of the Chinese territ»- ries into the British Eas: India colonies ; while Eng)and will, no dcubt, see to it that the Ven- tral Flowery Kingdom is not absorbed by Russia. We should really like to know, in this important view of the -ubject, what Mr. Mc- Lane 8 doing in China, and what is the policy of the administration, Loss or Lire anp Accrpents aT Ferry Sra- trons.—We have frequently called the atten tion of our authorities to the great los: of life and the large number of accidents which occar yearly at the ferries on both sides of the North and East river-, from the neglect of the ferry companies to furnish the boats and bridges with life saving gute-, or some other coutrivance equally effective. A Jist of these casualties has been made up by Mr. E. Mert»m, showing at a glance an array cf facts absolutely startling. From the 6th of March, 1853, :0 the 31st of Oc tober last, it appears ubout twenty persons were drowned, an: over twice that number were severely injured by being crushed be- tween the bridges and the ferry’ boats, or by falling into the water. The neglect of the companies in this respect was also exhibited in 4 terrible manner in the fearful accident which occurred at Staten Island, between two aod three years ego. It happened on a 4th of July, when the bridge, it will be remembered, not being sufficiently strong to bear the crowd upon it, gave way, precipitating two or three hundred peeple into the water, thirteen or fourteen of whom were drowned. An accident from « similar cause occurred in May last, at Hoboken, but fortunately no lives were lost, and precautions have bee: taken o pr-vent a like casualty in futur: But this is not all that is necessary: the ferry comp.nics should not re- main satisfied with merely 8 rengthening the bridges—they should also have « life saving gate attached to each end of every boat; and if thie should on trial be found to be insufficient, the bridges should also be furn shed with them. No means should be neglected to render tie transit of the thoveands who daily cross our ferries as safe from accident as human fore sight and ingenuily can make it. Accordio ; tothe present arrangem nt, the boats on sone of the ferries leave the bridges withwut givin. any signal, and a straoger is hardly aware o his danger until the boat 18 actually passicy from the spot on which he stood bas a secoad before. In March, 1853, two bill: were reported in the State Legislature for the porpose of re medying this evil. They required the ferry companies of New York to provide }'fo savin gates at the bridges; but the expense whic’ would be incurred thereby roused the opposi- tion «f the companie,, 2.4 ihey exerted themselves succe wu)'y ‘n defeatus them. Again, during t » lest seesion another b !| was presentcd in. e Senate having tue same object in view, unc it wasin a fair way o passing wheno - of the principal ferry man gers pro- mised that prompt mea-ures woul: be imme- diately adopted, w.ich would rende. the pas- sage of such a bl) entire'y useless. Nothing, howeve-, hus bee. ¢ffe.ted in this important matter, while hardly a m noth passes in which wedo not hear of accidents tak ng place in consequence of the crimio:] negliz nce of those companice. We trust t at something will be done by t e next Legislature, or that some competent authority will take the subjec: in hand. The Present Political Aspect of Mexico. When Santa Anna wa: recal'ed to preside | over the destinies of the Mexican States, on the resignation «f Arista i. Janusry, 1853, he was received by the people wth ope» arms. They were weury of anarchy and confu-ii n—they were ditheartene1 at the degra ation, politi- cally and morally, to which their country had sunk—ard ol, monarch'sts, mvderados and ultra republicans, jooked to him for a change which might be for the better, but could scarcely be for the worse. Under such favor.ble anspices Santa Anna again ass.med the reins of power. But re- verses of fortune had not taught him wisdom— the experience of the past was forgotten—and his pretended patriotism dwindled away be- fore the more absorbing passion of personal ambition. Within a very few months it was discovered that he had broken his pro nises and betrayed a nation’s trust. The mo- narchists were unjustly favored—the tyranay of priestcraft was abetted—the liverty of the press was restricted—free discussion on the acts of the government was prohibited—the Jesuits were re-established—the passport sys- tem was adopted—aristocratic titles were in- troduced, and corferred on undeserving minions —the army was increased—new taxes were Je- vied—tl.e federal government was sugpressed, and the States were converted into Depurt- ments, under military chiefs—the absurd order of the Knighthood of Guadalupe was resumed, and the-President, with the new title of “Se: rene Highners,” +eemed determined to mimic, since he could not rival in extravagan:e, the follies and foibles of a European Court. The march of the government from repuvlicanisa: to despotism was 8) 1apid that the people were unable to resist its progress, Iu the au‘ama of 1853 a provunciamento, styled the Act of Gua dalsjara, was drawn up, which embudied the platform of the ambitious President, and gave him almost unlimited power. A subsequent decree, dated the 16th of October, continued him in office for life, and virtually re- stored the empire to the coantry. With a s'range infatuation the people, by citie- and States, without a single exception, came forward and declared their adhesion to the plan of Guadalajar. Al) Mexico tamely sub- mitted to the yoke. The dictator hid almost reached the goal ot his ambition, and only waited fur a favorable «pporunity to grasp the emblem, as he had u:urj ed the sibstaace, of imperial pow:r. Bot there was even » darker side to the picture. Any ruler not blinded by selfish conriderations, would have seen, and heeded, if only as a warning, the condition of the im poverished people. With a deficit of sixteen millions, and with the interest of the internal debt unpaid, public credit stood at its lowest ebb. Trade languished, and the decreasing revenues of the country amounted only to some seventeen millions, when with a liberal tariff they might have been quadrupled. Peo- ple were literally dying from starvation. Fil- ibusteroes threatened invasion; robbers in- fested the highways, and savage tribes of Indians were deso'ating tie fairest provinces of the north An! while ruin en1 poverty were thus doing their work, Santa Anna was carefully weaving a pabef royalty to fling over the republic, and hi’e her emaciated form. But beneath the pressure of financial diffi- culties the President was pow:rless, To re- plen'sh his empty coffers and therehy realize the cream of hi- ambition, he proposed to veli a barren, inhospitable, God-forsake tract of country to our government for the moderate sum of ten millions of doilars. The offer, strange to say, was accepted. Th» people of the United States were deliberately swindled, end paid this large sum of money to prop uo the declining fortunes of an smbitious alven- turer. A revolution in Mexico was the direct cons - quence. The people of Guerrero were the firs: 10 rise in arms with their Governor, Don Jus+ Alvarez, a: the head of the movement. His pride had been insulted by the suppression o* Stare sovereignty and the centralization of power in the capital, and his republican spirit had long chafed at the continued encroach- ments of Santa Anna. Don Juan was beloved by the inhabitants over whom he presided, and, for this reason, the improvements he labored to secure were counteracted, and his remon- strances were treated with contemg} His pri- vate animosity to the dicta'or on!gjpdded fact to the flame which coud no longer Be suidued. In that vast natural fortress around Acapulco —among those mountains where Guerrero de- fied the Spanish armies, and where Iturbide first proclaimed the independence of Mexico. the ehief of the Pintos unfuried his standard. The importance of the movement was felt at the capital. Within a fortnight after the inte!- ligence was received, Santa Anna, in command of six thousand troops, was on hie way to Aca- pulco. The campaign, as every one knows, ended in the Dictator’s defeat and disgrace. Even his reputation for personal courage was tarnished | y his conduct under the battlements of San Diego, avd Guerrero is now, to all in- tents and purpose-, an i.dependent State. But the ineurrection did no sop here. Michoacan caught the infection, which crept on and on to- wards Tamaulipas on the north, ani Vera Cruz on the east, until th» Dict, tor and hs advisers were encompassed by the demon revolution, which at this moment stands ready to crush them. In this crisis Sen'a Anna is playing a not unekilful game. His hopes of estab- lishing the empire are dissipated for the present, and with a show of magnanimity he appeals again to the vote of the people. He asks them whether they are willing that he sball continue in office, It may be that his eyes are opened at last to the ruia that stares him inthe face. Perhaps he thinks it pradeat to retire, while there is time, with a good grace, and with the spoils avd plander he bas reaped, Or, it may be that the departments which are not diseffected are so enslaved, pib lic opinion so subjugated, and public officers so completely under his control, that re-election is certain. Time will show which of these | views is correct. Bat whatever the result may | be, the Mexican republic does not seem destined as yet to enjoy internal peace and its attendant | blessing, prosperity. Since the rocky barrier of colonial despotism was removed from her borders, tide after tide of revolution has poured | in to desolate and destroy. Without acy con- servative element to soothe the uncertain sea | on which they are tossed, the people (though | their cry has ever been for liberty! liberty!) | are now the dupes of a tyrant, and now at the | mercy of an imbecile government. Many look for hope to the Republic of the North, whose ad- | vancing shadow is flung across their frontier; | but vain are their hopes when our government | evinces such a readiness to sustain the totter- ing throne of a usurper, and filibusteroes are allowed with impunity to descend upon their unprotected coast. The Mexicans are strug- gling for freedom; but before that is reached a long probation is necessary. With us it was a question ot centuries. It was not until an ocean had separated us from old ties, old habits, and old customs, that we saw the liber- | ty, fret ehadowed forth in the great Charter. | fully developed in the Declaratien of Independ- ence, and finally organized in the constitution: of 1789. 4-2 | Eat ae 4 Tue Taree CaEevaLiers—BarnvM, GREELEY | axp Wikorr as Lirreratevrs.—In the good old times book-making was considered as an art, the practice of which required some scho- larehip and tact; and there are some people at present who hold to the absurd opinion that an author should be a man of geninge. But they areina minority, The Elizabethan era was the golden age of literature. Young America has inaugurated an age of brass; and now every strong-minded woman, every Fourierite jour- nalist, every strolling actor, évery sixpenny sbowman, writes his autobiography. With shameless effrontery they boast of their errors, their swindling exploits, and their crimes, The )ast Lrochure is, ostensibly, from the pen of the Chevalier Barnum. I+ would be hard to find a more disgusting mes; of trash, and the kook seems to have been published to show to what vile uses printers’ ink may be put. The Chevalier Barnum tells tbe public how he has huwbugged and swindledit. His greatest ambition seems to have been to obtain the money of unsuspecting country gentlemen, women and children, with- out giving them any material consideration for the same ; and, if he could succeed io hoaxing av editor his happiness was complete. The Look is out. It hus been advertised all over the Union. Every trick of the trade has been used to putit before the public ; but it does vot sell. The trade orders have been counter- manded. The Chevalier of Iranistan + has tuined bis reputation—his motto is “success is the criterion of merit,” and he has failed. He is po lopger a successful humbug. He must look for some new horror, some more disgust- ing lusus nature with which to repair his chattered reputation. The Chevalier Barnum’s book contains nothing new. The public is well aware of all the mate- rial points of his career—the journals have kept them pretty weil posted up in those matters. The only interesting matter treated of in the book is the Jenny Lind mania, and that is much bet- ter cercribed elsewhere. Tne Henacp files give a much more accarate and pleasing description ofJenny Lind’s career in the United States than that which is contained in the last humbuy ofithe Chevalier Barnum. The Chevalier Greeley has his life and ad- ventures in press, but he seems to have kept iv the shade for the past two weeks, probably out of courtesy to his cher ami, the Chevalier Bar- num. It will not do ts give the public too much medicine at once. The Chevalier of the Red Bank Bloomer Fourierite Phalanx can- not compete with the brilliant originator of the a eD split, or quarrel, or lay down together like the lion and the lamb or Tyler and Botts, without apybody caring a rush for it. ——— EEE THE LaTEST NEWS. BY MAGNETIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, From W: . PROPOSED ABOLITION OF THE SMITHSONIAN IN8TI-- TUTION. Wasuixeroy, Dec, 11, 1854. + is understood that resoulutions will be offered in the House for inquiry into the management and utility of the Smithsonian Institution, and as to,the expediency of abolishing it and returning the bequest by which it was founded. CONGRESSIONAL APFAIRS — APPOINTMENT —THE sU*- PREME COURT. Wasuixeton, Dec. 11, 1854. It is now pretty definitely understood that no business: of any importance will be transacted by Congress until: after the holidays are over. The various committees are. busy, however, and some show of work will be made im the interim. Henry A. Ford bas been appointed Commercial Agent. to Gaboon, Lower Guinea. The report that the Sentinel of this city was to be dis- continued has been denied. In the Supreme Court here to-day, Danie Kelso, of In- diana, was admitted as a counsellor. The case of Batting. vs. James Taggett and others is still on. a Victory of the Know Nothings. THE MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS IN MASSACBUSETTS, Bostow, Dec. 11, 1854. The municipal electiog, which took place here to-day, has resulted in the complete success of the Know Noth- ing ticket. The vote for Mayor stands as follows:—J. V. C. Smith, the present Mayor and Know Nothing candidate, 6,403; George B. Upton, whig, 4,490; Isaac Adams, democrat, (21; all others, 39. It is possible that the whigs may have elected some of their candidates to the Common Council. A large procession of Know Nothings, with bands of music, } caage the streets this evening. They called on the Mayor elect, cheered the Bee office, and expressed other congratulatory manifestations of delight for their- success in the municipal election to-day. CHARLIBTOWN, Dec. 11, 1854. The Know Nothings were defeated here in the muni-~ cipal election to-day. Timothy T. Sawyer, the citizens” candidate, was elected over Barley, the Know Nothing candidate, by 358 plurality. The full Board of Alder~ men, and a majority of the Common Councilmen, are also elected on the citizens’ ticket. Lyww, Dec. 11, 1854. In the municipal election to-day the entire Know Nothing ticket has been elected, by a large majority. Andrew Breed is Mayor. Roxsora, Dec. 11, 1854. In our municipal election to-day, the Know Nothings swept the city. The followirg is the vote for Mayor:— James Ritchie, Know Nothing, 673; J. 8. Sleeper, citizen. and independent, 377. Worcester, Dec. 11, 1854. George W. Richardson, the Know Nothing candidate for Mayor in this city, is clected, and the entire Know Nothing ticket for municipal officers bas been carried. The vote for Mayor is as follows:—Geo. W. Richard- son, Know Nothing, 1,124; Easterbrook, democrat, 288%, all others 30, From the South. SOUTHERN MAIL—ARRIVAL OF THE SHIP SEAMAN Av NEW ORLEANS FROM BIO JANEIRO—DEATE OF J. R. GRIMES. Barrowors, Dec. 11, 1854. The Southern mailas late as due has been received, bringing New Orleans papers of last Monday and Tues- day. The ship Seaman has arrived at New Orleans,and brings dateg from Rio Janeiro to the 28th of October. She left. in port there the ship Sarah Boyd from Callao, repairing, and the ship Sophia Walker, discharging. The bark Sarah A. Nichols was to sail for New York the next day. The barks Rhone au John Wesely were waiting for cargoes; the Maine Law was discharging, and the David Lapsley loading, for New York. ‘The ship Grecian, from Manila, had put back in a leaking condition, and the brigs Mary Kee and Beneto were waiting for cargoes. On the 29th of November the Seaman spoke the bark Lecoq, sixty-one days from Rio, and supplied her with provisions. Jobn Randolph Grimes, an eminent member of the bar of this city, who died on the Sd instant, was am Aide- de-Camp under General Jackson at the battle of New Orleans. Heavy Failure in Boston. Bosrox, Dec. 11, 1854. J.W. Blodgett &Co., heavy dry goods dealers, of this city, failed to-day, for two millions of dollars. Arrest for False Pretences. Loursvitte, Dec. M1, 1854, A Jew, residing in this city, was arrested to-day on = Fejee mermaid, Joice Heth, and the Africau Twins. The failure of the Chevalier Barnum, and the classic retirement of the Diogenes of Spruce street leaves a clear field for the Chevalier Henri Wikoff, whose autobiography will soon be published by Derby. The Chevalier hasissued his programme. How much more interesting it ix than the common place and vulgar affair put forth by the Chevalier Barnum! Wikoff deals with emperors, ambassadors, cab'net ministers, bankers, lords, viscounts, heiresses and figu rantes ; while Barnum tells us about cheating his echoolfe)lows, pawning his watch, humbng- ging countrymen, hunting monstrosities, an 1 gulling the public. The persons that figure in Barnum’s book are Connecticut deacons, super- annuated negresses, third rate showmen, dwarfs and temperance lecturers ; while the Chevalier Wikoff introduces us to such persons as Mr. Joshus Bates (ot Baring Brothers), the Emperor Napoleon, Lord Palmerston, Marquis of Cavour, Captain Pakenham, Count of Villette, Dr. Baker (U. S. Consul), Mr. Kinney (U. S, Charge d@’Affaires), Mr. Hobson (British Ambas- sador), Timothy Brown (British Consul), Baron de B—— (Russian Ambassador). Count D’0Or- say, Fanny Elssler, Thurlow Weed, and many other distinguished individuals. The public are anxious to see the Chevalier Wikoff’s book; he will give us all the Miss Gamble correspon- dence, and the ladies are dying to read the de- tails of the life of the irresistible Chevatier, aud particularly the history of the Genoa elope ment. The Chevaliers Greeley and Barnum may os well give up book-making. The Chevalier Wikoff has entered against the field, and al- ready the odds are in his favor. We really do not know what new device the other Chevaliers can start—all their old tricks have ceased to be profitable. Suppose they should try Kansas —the field is a first rate one, and Barnum and Greeley might make a good thing of it in a sort of Holy Alliance. What a glorious firm i: would be! Fuss axp Fusion amona THE Dewocrats.— For some days past we have been reportin, accounts of democratic meetings at which cer- tain fusions between thisand that branch of the democracy have been proposed or rejected. Some of the hard shells want to join the sof: ebells in order to defeat the whigs at the nex: election; but other of the bard shells have axe. of their own to grind and are virtuously indig- nant with the scheme. Thus the democracy are at present divided into—Ist, softs extra, such as the friends of the Evening Post; 2d, softs proper, John Cochrane and his set; 34, hardspro- Per, who now seek a fusion with the softs; and 4th, hards extra, who repudiate and abominate any sacrifice of their pecuiiar platform, The intrigues of these four sets of politicians would be highly ludicrous if they were not utterly contemptible. All from hard extra to sott extra have but one thought—the spoils. The President’s friend, Captain Rynders, is the best man smong them after all They may fuse, or requisition from the Governor of Pennsylvania, charged with obtaining goods in Philadelphia under falve pre~ tences, to the amount of sixty thousand dollars. He left here this morning in charge of an officer from Phila- delphia. From Cincinnatt. SUSPENSION OF TAYLOR & CASSTLLY—EXCHANGE. Crxcrwxatt, Dec. 11, 1854. The firm of Taylor & Cassilly, a New Orleans house, have suspended payment, having been largely involved and embarrassed by the failure of George Milne & Co. of this city. They have a large excess of assets. We quote Eastern exchange at par to one per cent premium, ‘The Hog Market at Rochester. Rocuester, Dec 11, 1854. Dressed hogs are coming in plentifully, and they aro selling from $5 50 a $6 25, The weather is moderately cold, and good sleighia continues. Syracuse, Dec. 11, 1954. George D. Smith, a porter at Wright’s Hotel, in thie city, was instantly killed this aft rnoon, by falling through the skylight on the roof of the Central Railroad depot. Fire at Ballston Spa. ALBANY, Dec. 11, 1884. A fire occurred at Ballston Spa on Saturday night last, which destroyed Mr. Barett’s wagon making establish ment, and also the foundry of Mr. Harris. Loss $8,090. No insurance. Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. Puttapeuputa, Dec. 11, 1854. At our first board this morning stocks were gene- Fie dull at the following quotations :—Readt Fails road, 5334; Morris Canal, 113; ; Cae Hevea Railroad, 125} Pennsylvania Railfoad, 40%; Pennsylvania State fives, 80. In money there ia no change to notice, Bautrworr, Dec, 11, 1854. Twelve hundred head of beef cattle were offered at the market to-day, 275 of which were driven eastward, and 925 were sold, at prices i 9 Bae $2 75 to $4 75 om the hoof; extra, $4 87. The demand for hogs was ac- tive, and sales were made at $5 75 to $6 per hundred. Sheep were dull in the market, and sold at $2233. Ths — day hereafter will be Thursday instead of Mon- y- ee RELIEF FOR THE Poor Iv Newark, N. J.—1t is stated that upwards of three thousand mechanics are now without employment in the city of Newark, and that the greatest destitution prevails among the largest portiom of them. In view of this fact an association for thelr relief has been formed, and the city has been divided. into thirty-nine districts, and in each district a vis ter has been chosen, selected from the most philanthropie- citizens, whose duty it is to ascertain who are im the: ‘most needy circumstances, and afford relief. Subserip- tions are being receivsd for this benevolent object, aod one individual, Mr. Caleb Shipman, has proffered ona- thousand dollars, contingent upon the collection of three thousand dollars from other donations. ForniGx Coxsvt.—The President has officially recog nized Don Rafael Rafael as Consul General of the Mexicam Republic for the United , to reside in this city. A® Owing to the death of the carrier wha delivered the Hexatp on the west side of the Sixteenth ward, subseribers are requested to send their addressee. to this office, or to Mr. MeNie’s fancy store, 656 Eighth avenue, between Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth streets, Rar_Rroap AccIDENT.—On the 8th inst. a ger train on the Central Ohio Railroad was orn yrom the track by @ defective trog, and the locomo- tive, beggave and oyster car badly wrecked. The engineer, rt. John Thornly, was killed, and the jr “ibaa scalded, ‘The passengers escaped nninjnred. Anson's La: Sire for 58 sents, colored, and in a nice ease, with proserver—twioe th others make for fifty cents, and equal to $2 pio~ wares cemhere. ANBUN’S, 06¥ Lreadw: we me "8; my, opponiie ting