The New York Herald Newspaper, December 1, 1854, Page 4

ne EN NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON SENNETT, PROPRIETOR aND EDITOR. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowory—Equueraian Penvoan- mows -CaTanact o* Tum Gaxere, WIBLO’S GARDEN, Brosdway—Lvor or Lammeamoon BURTON'S, Chambers streee—Urene Taw azn Lowen waaty—Bucuren Bane. NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham street—Squuermean Puareamanoze—aoneany Macaine—Uaian Bone. THEATRE, Brond > Svereme—Tuk New WETROPOLITAN THEATRE, Broadway—Tus Baspa ov Laumanxoor. WOOD'S VARIETIES—Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broadway. BUCKLEY'S OPBRA i a LL WOOD'S MINSTRELS—Minstre) Hall, 44 Broadway. — CASTLE GARDEN—Rqueernian Prnvoamarcn. HOUSE, {09 Brosdway—Buon- ” New York, Friday, December 1, 1854. Te Delinquent Agents, Delinquent agenta to this establishment are informed that uuless they tmmedistely settle up their accounts move snitable persons will be appointed in thelr places Perzons wishing to become agents of the New York Hueary will be supplied from this establishment promptly, and at the usual ratos—iwenty-five per cent discount, cash in advonce. Agents {n the country, dealing with city agents, will Gnd it to their advantage to send their orders direst to the office of this paper, JAMES GORDON BENNETT. The News. Yesterday the inbabitants of fifteen of the States of this glorious republic united in cslebrating tho mations! festival of Tharkegiving Day, and, so far as wekno7, the oevesion passed off, both bere and elsewhere, with more than usual spirit. In this city germons were preached in all the churches, and the poblic offices and neariy all the private places of Duriness were closed. A large number of mullitary gad target companies were out, accompanied by bands of musie that seriainly did “make a joytal noise.” It is grati’yiag to know that while our cit: | iene were enjoying the geveral rejoicing, the poor were noi forgotten. The two benevolent instite- tions on ihe Five Points were crowded with ohil- dren, who piutook of a capital dinner, and were siso supplied with new emits ofclothes. The ragged sebools in the Fourth ward, and the newsboys like- wise, had a fine time, aod feasied io a@ manner be coming the day. Full accounts of the doings yester day msy be found clsowhere, and we have po doubt they will be read wits interest. The Reverend Doctor Hawks, of Calvary ¢% s situstid at the corner of Twenty-first street and Fourth avenue, preached @ most eloquont Thanks giving sermon yesterday to one of the most cro vd ed congregations ever before assembled vith'n tbe building. The discourse wae given and a subs rip tion tsken op in aid of the poor children attending the Sunday schools of the church, but in the course of his sermon the Rey. gentleman alluted very forcibly to the evils m store for this country it the vast amount of javenile European panperism, dually arriving on our shores, were Jeft untanght and uo ehyistionized. A liberal subscription was hasded in. The cass of Dr. Beale, the dentist, convie.ed ia Philadelphia of an outrege upen the pessoa fa yourg lacy, bas attracted an unnewal degrce of at temiicn, “The unfortunate culprit, ia a well- on esived aidress to the Court, previous to the pas- ‘az of sentence open him, protested his entira lan». ace of the hcircusefence of waich he had been fo 10d gnilty, Thieughout the protracted trial tee pri soner’s ever-faithiul wife attended him in the co art teow, listening to the terrible revelatioss tial sealed her hesband’s fate; and now, with a faith avd a cons'ancy that belong to woman, and to woman only, the publishes to the world ber firm behef ‘n nis innocence, and asks for sympathy end mplcring the interpesition of the Goverzor yivenia to st aside the verdict of the | sry+ r opiaion may be entertained as to guilt er innocence of the convict, no one can the brief and /eeling appeal of Mrs. le without adtairing ler heroic conduct, and wishisg her tua’ measure of success to which her unremitting dvvo- tion is entitled. Curious d vciopements, statements and replica- tions, respecting nunteries and nuns in general, snd the absconding alster from the iastitation at Na. metsburg in particular, are appearing in the news- papers in varions parts of the country, some of which we pabdlish in another colamy. A Romi | Catholic priest away down in the State of Mise | gives usa tolerably clear insight into the interus! regulations and requirements of the schools or places of refuge for young ladies under the charge of bis co-religionists, from which it appears tiat particular pains only ore taken to prevent even | ie ghost of a ‘nice young man” from penetratiur Within the eecladed abodes of the recluses. [0 other respects there it simply a wholesome contro). Bat the young lady in question tells a di story. According to her a count “ locks, bolis aad bars,” and a hideous ogre in the shape of @ vatch: | msn, are the impediments to be encountered aad overcome by tho ssoirants to beaux or the largest | Uberty, who have been thrust into the gloomy sells of the convert at Emmetsburz. Our readers, pir thoulariy the young ladies, are referred to tie ex- tracta alluded to, Our zews by welograph is unusually Hight and vo important this morning, in consequences of the ge | neral suspension of business yesterday om all tae Hines kading ont ofthe city. We publish on our inside pages, in addition to other interesiing matter, a report of the Coroner's inquest ia reletion to the catas‘ropho op the Hor lem Ra‘lrond ; alsa a report of the celebration of sthe Society for tie relief of respectable aged fodl gent fea); an important decision in the Bu preme Court relative to aesignments for the benefit of creditors ; letters from Venezuela, Honduras, wad Boston; further particnlars concerning toe | missing girl ; the message of the Governor of Ar- | kansas; the turf; theatrical notices ; eommeicial and financial rows, &e., ke. ehusctts—Inaportant Developements of the Principles and Policy of the New Paity. We appropriate several columns of the Mawarv this morning to the proceedings of the late banquets of tho Know Nothings at Boston | and Waltham, Massac!vusetts, in honor of thvir overwhelming triumphs in the recont el tivas in that State. To the developemonts mite ia the epeeches delivered at these fostivals, we in- | that this new Ame: vite the attention of our readers of all partics | curious to know something of the principles and policy of the Know Nothings as a great na. | tional party. In thie view the doctrines enia- | clated and tho general policy foreshado vod at | Boston and Waltham, will be found to be not | only very interesting, bat vastly importait and instructive. We seo nothing in there disclosures oo!>1- lated to excite alarm—nothing to jastiy the allegations of the Washington Unio», | that thie new party is in league with the anti-slavery societies againet the Soath— | nothing to sustain the charge that the gre» hjoots of the Know Nothings are the expalsioa f foreigners born from the privileges to | + Meb they are entitled under the constitation, | an@ the extermiination of the Catholics from the | Seward coslition, by thia new party of the country. Trae, among the epeeches at the two meetings under consideration, we mavt with ap ocoasiona) fling of stvere proscription egainst. Catholics aod fore'gaers, and agalast the institution of Southern slavery; bat the general tone, spiit, and drift of the pro ceedings in question are remarkably coa- rervative (n reference to foreigners born and Catholics, and eminently consistent with the doctrine of non-intervention upon the vital apd paramount question of Southern slavery, as we aball presently : how. . ‘The esrential ‘act must not be overlooked in connection with these Know Nothing festivals, that Maseachuset's is the firt State in which they have broken down, roo: and branch, all the old parties and factions, separately and collectively, in detail and in the lump. The work has been done as effective y for the unti- slavery free soil party as fur the whige or democrats. They have a'l been overwhelmed, and the new party, in the fist brush, by a most astounding ma‘ority over the combiaed forces of all the old parties and factions, is mas- ter of the State. From this result, we see the Massachusetts Know Nothings assuming the lead in national politics, as they have the right todo, in behalf of their party as o national organization. Hence the importance of their revelations, their principles and purposes, ia connection with the national campaign of 1856—a campaign which will probably decide the policy of the general government and the lines between the political parties of the coun- try for many years to come. We have said that there is nothing alarming to Catholics or adopted citizens in the platform of the Know Nothings, as disclosed in the speeches at these Massachusetts banquete— notbing alarming or dangerous to the South. Mr Gardner, the Know Nothing Governor elect, says substantially that the new party is not organiz.d upon sectional or local principles but upon national priuciples, Mr. Simon Browa, the Lientenant Governor elect, has “no denun- clations for the South.” He recognizes, as “common interests between us all, the eleva- tion of man, and the perpetuity of our inetita- tious.” Mr. Comins in substance declares that the Know Notbings are decidedly opposed to the present administration, which is nothing very surprising or dreadful; but whether the Know Nothings run a Northern or a Southern man for President, is a matter of perfect indif- ference. The Rey. Mr. Trafton, Know Nothing member of Congress elect, so far from repelling all foreigners for the future, says we hive room enough still for them—‘“come if you | like; but be as we are”—-be Americans—that’s ; al. Mr. Gideon F. Haynes, at Waltham. said in so meny words—“I do not believe that the rights of our citizens, foreign or native, are in danger from this new party.” Neither do we, We agree with Mr. Haynes. Mr. George 8. Boutwell says—“There will be peace when the nation :reats slavery as it treats other loca! State institutions,” and so on. Such are the boldly defived landmarks of she new party of the Know Nothings asa great national party. They contemplate the Ameri- canizing our fellow citizens, native and adopt- ed—they propore the invasion of no rights guaranteed in the eonstitution, to individuals or to the Stetes; end they propose to act upon the simple p@icy of hands off—non-inter- vention in the local institutions of the several States in the polities of the Tresidency. They have adopted the po- liey of Mr. Webster, as laid down in his pecch of the Tth of March, 1850—the policy npon which wes secured the saviag compro- miive mearures of that year, through the joint labors of such mien as Cisy, Calhoun, Webster and Cass. It could hardly be expected after the violent agitations of the slavery question in the North of the last thigty odd years, and es pecially in Massachusetts, that the public senti- ment of that State could In a single day be made as sound upon the subject of slavery as tho South might desire. But when we consider the Jate terrible anti-Nebraska abolition oxcite- ment, particularly in Massachusetts, inflamed | even to mobs, and threats of armed nullifica- tion of the laws of Congress, we may safely s.y that this sudden uprising of the Know No- things, and these Massachusetts disclosures of their principles, are conclusive of a wholesome reaction in the public opinion of the North upon the :ubject of Southern slavery. in Pennsy}vania, Ohio, Indiana, and other States, the co-operation of the Know Nothings, more or Jess, with all the other opponents of the administration, whigs, free soilers, tem perance men, and what not, was naturally cal- culated to mislead the-South to the conclasion rican party had really joined the league of the Seward anti-elavery coalition. But, having finished off the administration, we next find the Know Nothings in New York wrning their batteries against Seward and his disunion party. They tock the ficld at the eleventh hour, or it is very evident that they would have done the work os effectively for Seward and his coalition in this State, as they did it for the administration in Pennsylvania and Ohio. In Massachusetts, however, with the most unqnestionable impartiality, they have repudiated whigs, democrats, ani fr vilers, and have taken the State and the field oa thoir nt. Under those auspices we urd rhe ha ivals at Boston and Waltham as fur- nishing the official key to the programme by the Know Nothings for the Presiden'\ ! car § paign. The proceedings at those festivals, we re peat, are in their general tenor emivently coa- servative and constitutional, foreshadowing a strong national platform for the Presideacy. The rongh corners and sharp edges of the pria ciples avowed by some of the members of this new party are natural enough under ali tue circumstances. But these sharp edges and rough corners will be worn off under the fric- tion of public opinion before the clection of 56. Sulfice it for the present, that the Know Nothings stand as a balwark for the protestion of the South against the Seward anti-slavery coalition that the Know Nothing: know too much to interfere with the institution of s!ave ry-—that they are arrayed again:t the adm‘a- istration and the wretched epoils policy which has brought it 80 low-~-that they are in the field as a new and independent party, against all the old parties and factions of the North and the South, and that they have or- dained a new order of things, a new organiza- tion of parties, and new men, now measures aud a new administration at Washington, oat and ont. As the accumulated debts of the ben hrapt speculators and financiers of the epoch c '-7 were swept off ata stroke of the pen under the Bankrupt law; so, from all appear- ances, will the old broken down party buck: stera and party platiorm be swept off among the rubbieh of the sdminisiration and the own nce Know Nothings. | ciples are substantially disclosed—their power | is beginning to be understood. Where are the | | remaine of the whig party, the demeratic | perty, and the Seward anti-slavery party to \ go? What will they do? Whst can they oe, Against the Know Nothings we have the ad- | ministration party in the South, and the Seward party in the Nortb. Divided they can do no- thing. Will they ocmbine? Let the discussion commence for the campaign of ‘56, American Diplomacy tn Europe. The letter addressed by George Sanders to | the French people, which will be found in | another column, may be rezar ei asa sort of index to the character o° our di. lomatic repre- septation in Earope. Whether that letter was the work of the g-ntlema whose name it bears, or whether the form as well asthe spirit was due to some foreign hand, it 's quite obvious that it can be considered in no other light than as a manifesto from the revo'ut onary commit- tee at London. Mr. Sanders, whose aspirations for liberty, if indiscreet, are still, doubtless, sincere, may have jumped at becoming the mouthpiece—not ‘o say the scape goat—of | Kossuth, Mazzin: and Ledru R lin: bat he can | claim no higher post. Every idea, every line of the performance betrays its foreign origin as plainly as if it bore the official seal of the junta of confederates who meet to plot the downfall of Napoleon and the emancipation of |) Hungary. It is not the first letter of the kind that has been published. Some time since a similar manifesto made its sppearance, over the sane signature and addreseed to the Swiss. It, too, attracted some attention, and was criticised by the leading journals of France and Eogland Like the letter to the French, it bore intrinsic evidence of its having emanated—no: i; .m the peacefa! lodgings of an American gentleman— but from the committee-room of the revolntion- | ary exiles in London. Both performances have been skilful in cxe- cution and forcible in language: both have been thus tar successful that they hay: created a stir as well among the democrats as in the rujing circles of Europe. Bearing the signa- ture of one who only yesterday filled an official position in the diplomatic corps of the United States, they have carried with them a weight which would not accompany a similar effusion from a mere French or Austrian exile. The | importance they have derived from this source has been increased by the slowness of foreigners to comprehend the real position of Mr. Sanders. They know that he was duly appointed by the President Consul to London—that he went there to dischar,e the duties of the office—and that he is still there: and hence infer that these let- ters are clothed with official authority. The Consul’s rejection by the Senate—being a for. mality unknown to European governments— has never been thoroughly understood on the Continent: it would be a difficult matter to ex- plain to a Frenchman that th's Mr, Sanders whom we sent to London to represent us, has since, against the will of our government, been divested of his official character, and is a mere private cit'ven, We may therefore take it for granted that Europeans generally, reading iMere Sanders letters in ignorance of thoi origin, conclude that the United States asa nation are ready to take up arms for the French republicans, or the Hungarians, or the S) end to break down the monarchies of Earop?. This is exactly the point to which Kossuti has so Jong endeavored to bring matters. | Having faited to drag the government of this country bodily into quarrel with Austria, he has fallen back upon the next best thing, namely, the propagation throughout Europe of a belief that it was ready to do so. Next to intervention its-If. the dread of intervention is the hest possible lever that Kossuth could use to frighten the governments of Europe, and attain h': own ende. Through the ail of Mr. Sande:s, Mr. Soulé and one or two others, th 1!» .jarlan exile has been enabled to work this ic..r. The letters ot the former have done y: oman s2rvice in the cause; and the congress of American di- plomatists at Ostend, convoked to ples Mr. Soulé, who was obviously acting uu «the suggestions of the revolutionary com n:ittee, was a cecond great help. Thue, ifthe mission of our foreign a ents had been to give comfort ani aceistance to the revolutionary cause in Europe, there could not be a question of their able discharge of their duties. Their conduct appears in quite a dif- ferent light when we remember that the sole concern entrusted to their care was the protec- tion-of American interests. Thoee interests cannot be advanced by secret affiliations between our ministera abroad and the disaffected among the people to whom they are sent. It would doubtless be a glorious thing to see the European di al over- thrown, and solid, substantial republics set up in their stead. But the deing of this is not our business, Our agents have no right whatever even to have an opinion on the goveroments of the conntries to which they are accredited. They are sent abroad to conduct American negotiations, to protect citizens of the United | States, and to watch their commersial ia- tereste. To perform this duty efficiently they require not only not to allow their minds to be engrossed by other affairs, but to cultivate a friendly and conciliatory spirit with the governments and officers with whom they must deal: for if in the transaction of bu- siness they have to contend against personal antipatbies as well as national prejudices, the odds are fearfully against their success, These things sre so plain that they must occur spontaneously to the mind of every man of common sense who thinks for a mo- ment on the eubject: and yet we find the per- sons whom we have sent to Europe placing themselves, by their own imprudence, folly or blindnees, in the very opposite position. Mr. Bachanan and Mr. Mason have not committed an overt act, it istrue: but how came they to allow Mr. Soulé to beguile them into attending that absurd, uncalled-for and unprecedented congrees at Ostend—whose only effect has beda to alarm the sovereigns of Europe? Mr. Soulé has declared open war against two of the con- tinental governments, including the one to which he was accredited; and Jong since ceas- ed to be of any use to this country, Mr. Owen, the Englich socialist, doubtless sympathizo with his brother envoy: and Mr. ex-Consal Sanders undertakes the letter writing depart- ment of the confederacy at whose head stand Koesuth, Mazzini and Ledia Rollin. All this may evince a very chivalrou: dov> tion to the principles of Liberty; but it mou seuredly betrays a grave want of comnos sense and policy on the ,art of these min sters. Tas, ' I in te course of events we come to stand in | Comptroller shell advertive for proposals for | need of the European nations—if we desire | ene year’s edvertisiog in five newspapers. Bids | commercial advantages, or soy other favor granted by one people to anether—we msy find its effects. Sey what we wl! in New York and ‘Wasbington, s0 long a+ our representatives at | London, Paris gnd Matris evinee in their acts hostility 10 the goveramente of Europe, we | must count upon their enmity. We must ex- | pect that they will do us s'] the harm and the | least good they can; and this we shall have | incurred witBout the smallest prospect or possi- bility of gain. The time willoome, no doubt, when all par- ties in this country will acknowledge that the United States cannot become an Ishmael among the nations. When it does, the class from which M. Soulé and his friends were chosen wil! cease to furnieh us with foreign m‘nisters. It is, per- haps, well, however, that we try the other plan s little longer. Tax Evu. Invivenors or Too Muca Paosrsni- TY.—If s redundancy of wealth hasa tendency in the case of individuals to rendcr them elothfal and negligent :f their interests, it has a still more pernicious effec: upon communities and governments. Too mush prosperity ends in both cases to neutralize the h'gher qualities of men’s natures, evoked by the neoessitivs of ex- ertion and of prudence. ‘If, for instance, in the case of s corporation, the community is only taxed in the ratio of a just and legitimate ex- pendituse, we usua!ly find its affairs aiminis- tered with a due regard to the exigencies of the public service, and te the means placed at its disposal. If, on the contrary, through im- proper influences and carelessness of their inte- rests on the part of the public themselves, the revenues of a corporation are allowed to exceed the necesaities which they are intended to pro- vide for, we find the fact of the existence of such a surplus an irresistible temptation to the cupidity of corporation officials, who cannot always be expected to display the incorrupti- bility of an Aristides or a Regulus, In corpo- rate ofticers generally, where party inflaences have lees opportunity of intervening to take the supervision of the public meney out of the hands of the constituency than in the case of the general government, it follows that a closer regard is paid to the dictates of economy and prudence. That there are occasional exceptions io this remark it cannot be denied, but they arise Jess frota indifference to the publie int2 resis than from ignorance and a proper under- standing of their duties on the part of the men elected to fill corporate offices. All laws having reference to the revenue and expenditure of the country should be founded on the principle of this nice adjustment be- tween its necessities and its capabilities. If in the case of a corporation it is considered oolish and demoralizing in its tendencies to raise a larger amount of taxation than is suff- cient to provide for the wants of its adminis- tration, a fortiori, the same rule is still more applicable to the genera! government. We cannot see any difference of circumstances which renders in the case of the latter the ac- cumolation of $30,000,000 in the sub-treasa- ries less inexpedient and less prejudicial as re- garde its influence upon the public interests, Such a system, opening as it doce fraitful sources of corruption to trading politicians and sectional interests, would not be tolerated in almost any other country in the world. To the surplus thus created may be traced half the corruption and half the villeny which dis- grace the conduct cf men in power, and impair the efficiency of the public service. To the same cause is alco attributable many of the evils which periodically visit the commercial commu- nity. We should hear less of financial revul- sions, fraudulent bankruptcies and hard times generally, if the great traths of politieal eco- pomy were better understood and appreciated amongst us, Until, therefore, our tariff system is so adjusted to our expenditare as to prevent such an accumulation of the public revenues as hag existed for the last three years, we must ex- pect to find the temptations which it offers to the venality of corrupt stateemen stronger than their cence of their public duties, and its influ- en e more injurious than advantageous to the interests of the country generally. Monn Corporation Decertions anv Rascast- mirs.—We recently gave the history of several paving jobs now being hurried through the ex- piring Common Council, and many tax-payers bave indignantly rem: nstrated at the wholesals plundering of the treasury, which has become @ prominent feature in the administration of car city affairs. Probably in our stateménts the amount which the city will suffer was under- stated. Still we find that the Corporation has its defenders, who attempt to throw the blame of the present expenditures upon the Common Council of 1853. Allow'ng this to be, in part, true, we do not see that it mends tho ms 'ter— if the peop’e must suffer, it is a matter of no particular consequence to them who originated the measures which waste so much of their money. There can be no dispute about one cir- cumstance, and it is the only important fact in the whole matter, namely, that this Common Council is spending the money. The Common Council of 1853 has been abused for Jeaving legacies to its successors; but it appears that the reform council of 1854 is now following directly in the footsteps of its illas- trious predeceseor. That is what we wish to impress on the minds of the people. Their servants escape the blame of extravagance by charging the origin of it upon the persoas who preceded them in office. This game works so well that, if it is not effectually chee’sed. it will come to be a standiag rule. Hvery curpo- Tation should close up its business at the ead of the year. We want no dead horses. If the pre- sent Council leaves anything for the next we bave aright to demand that their proceedings shall be nullified. In this way only can the people be protected from official pluuderers. | At any rate, they will be able to fix the blame of extravagance upon the proper persons. There can be no shifting of responsibility then. The Corporation advertising has been re- ferred to; and, during the last year, long and loud complaints have been made by contractors and others of the manner‘in which the Council have dallied with thls business. Up to last May the Heratp printed the Corporation ad- vertisements, receiving three thousand dollers per annum for the work. Toree or four papers of smaller circulation were paid proportionate sums. We refused to continue to priat the notices unless the city would psy o living price for the work. Six thousand dollars was the sum fixed by us. The spring passed away —summer and eatumn st Il (ound the Corpora- tion at work npon the intricate problem, which is solved by any servant girl tn five minutes. The result of these lebors {9.0 misty proposi- tion which comes to as feom Comptroller Flagg. This resolation provides that the are to be made by the line for each time pab- | Webed, ond eseh applicant shall set forth under | affidavit his city circulation—the award to be | made to the newepeper offering to perform the | work “for the lowest price per one thousand | papers £0 circulated in the city.” | And this is the entire reeult of a year’s la | bor. The mountain has labored, but it has not brought forth even a mouse. The pian proposed — is 80 mysterious that we cannot fally undor- | stand it, and it is not final, as Mr. Flogg’s | award goes back to theCoancil. The expense | would be enormous, say from thirty thousand | to fifty thousand dollars. There is no ne- | cecsity for advertising in five newspapers—one or two of the largety circalated journals would | answer the purpose just as well. It isall a trick to deceive the leading jouraals—they have | been humbugged all summer only to find that | the Council has attempted to play them a flimsy | trick, by way, we suppose, of gaining some | éclat for their miserable end. It is plain that | this plan is intended to de-eive. If the Com- | mon Council desires to advertise in the Hanan | why does it not go to work in the straight | forward, business-like manner adopted by | all advertisers. If a chambermaid wants a— Place ehe brings her money and her advertise. | ment to the Hxraxp office—her business is ac- | compliched—the Heratp performs ita part of | the contract, and the advertiser is satisfied. Now, why should not the city follow the exoel- | lent examples of other advertisers? Simoly because the Corporation does not desire. to ad- vertise—the Council wishes to hide the notices | for its own purposes, and at the same time the | members of the Common Council attempt by a shabby trick to keep within the letter of the law, to deceive the people and to humbag the journals that are entitled to the advertising. | This is the plain truth of the matter, and we | only point out the deception and rascality of | the present Council for the enlightenment of | the people, and as a warning to the incom'ng | city government. These things must be reform- ed altogether. a THE LATEST NEWS. BY MAGNETIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS. From New Orleans. SAILING OF THE STRAMSRIP PROMETHEUS——IMMENSE CARGO OP COTTON—COMMERCIAL REPORTS--ARKI- VALS, ETC. Naw ORLEANS, Nov 30, 1954. Steam communication between this clty and Califor. nit, via Nicaragua, has been resumed. The steamship Prometheus sailed to-day, and took out shout 100 pas- sengers for California, | ‘The chip Shakspeare cleared from this port yesterday for Liverpool, with an immense cargo of cotton—the larg- est ever shipped from any Southern port, and amonut. ing to six thousand four hundred and thirty bales. The sales of cotton yesterday footed up 5,500 bales, at former prices, The increased receipts over last year, at this time, amount to about 32,000 bales, and the stock in port at the present time is put down at 147,600 bales. To-day, under the influence of the Alrica’s advices, our cotton market is less active and prices are easier, but scarcely to a quotadle extent. The sales are esti- mated at 4,500 bales. Mess pork continues high, and salos were mate yos- terday at $22 50 per bbl. Rice is dull at 530. ‘The ship Soldan, from Boston, and the brig Duncan, from New York, arrived yesterday. ‘ In freights there is no change to note. Western Navigation—Brisk Business. Wureung, Va., Nov. 30, 185. The river here is in fine navigable condition, and steamers are arriving and deperting freely. The rosum- tion of navigation has given our business strocts an wn- navally lively appearance, and a large business is going orward. City Intelligence. Pore ws Norra Wie Stacer.—Between three and ovr o'clock yesterday morning, a fire was discovered In the cecond story of the premises No. f rth William treet, occupied by @, W. Schlechter, importer tf tobacva, pipes and fency articles. The firemen wore quickly on- the spot, and extinguished the flames before it beyond the room in which it originated. Ou es the room after the firo, it was found to have origina‘ d fm a very suspicious manner, from a box standing >~ the shelving. This box was burnt from the inside, its von- tents anparenty had been loose paper and straw. Mr. Schleehtor is sald to be s'ck, and consequently was not at the fire, nor was any other person representing his interest, Yi ts suid there was nu insurance on the pro- aty in the New York City of $3,500. The damage by fre and water will probably amount to between $* "snd Naval Intelligence. ‘Tan Disastem To THe U. 8. Staamen Massacnnsetre— SUPPOSED SaFrTY oF THE DecaTUR.—An extract of a letter from an officer of the United States steamer Massachu- setts, dated Rio de Janeiro, October 12, 1854, saya: — “You will have heard before this reaches you, of the loss of our main ond misen masts, seventy miles from this port. There was @ very heavy swell on at the time, bat not more than a three-reef topsail gale. The iron band or plate at the mast heads to which the rigging was shackled, instead of going rouad the masts, parted with the rolling of the ship, and overboard went the masts— the fmain first, and misen next, The foremast would have followed, but by great exertion it wae secured with haweers and pendani tackles. These were all that heii it, for the iron bend at the fore had parted also. It was rome time before we gol clear of the wi which was thumping aloneside at s tremendous yoie, endangering our propeller, end threatening to puoch @ hole in us. With the assistance of a considerable quantity of cotton waste soaked in oi], we got steam up in a short time, and pointed her for Rio. Since our return to Rio, a corres. ponent of thi ‘w Yorx Hyrra.p, on shore here, has written home that the Decatur was lost in this gale. This is unfortunate, as it will cause no little distress. The Decatur was in sight a few moments before our ac- cident, looking quite snug and eomforlable, A mist coming up at the time obscured her, and when we lost our masts we were before the wind, while she held her course, and a& it was nothing but a moderate gale, there is not the slightest cause of apprehension for her satety. T bave no doubt they are looking for us now, as her mas- ter and I had agreed what route we should take, to the Strait of Magalhanes, through which we were expected to tow the Decatur. ‘Our new masts were taken in yes- terday—the iw ready to go ovor the mast h soroe little repatra are to be marie on the bull, and be- i lieve we will be ready for sea at the end of tli» month, We will touch at Valparaiso, but not, I thimk, at (ullao.”? ‘Tae FRIGATES Rastig AND Fras near this city, though it wor mposati le to get her into the water at the time fixed—the 15th of December. ‘The outside planking ig all on; the caulking completed up to the weter lino, and that part of the whip is nearly cea 'y for the copper. The launching ways are also being anced nnder her. With her additional length she ts a yeautiful and sharp slip. The Franklin is progressing very fast, about two-thirds of her frames being up. She is probably farther advanced than any of the now steam- ships, except that at Charlestown. This difference is accounted for by the fact that the Merrimack ia built under the “six steamship appropriation bill,” while the Franklin is built under the general naval ap; iation bid, which cid not pass until several months aftor the firs|_nemed. The addition to the ship house in which the Franklin te bu‘iding te going on well, and when erect- ¥ ate it one of the buildings at acy of our yerds.—Portemouth (N. 21) "Morming Chrontcle, ‘Nov 28, United Stact« surveying eteamer Bibb arrived at the Philedelphis Navy Yard, on Thursday moreing, from enrveying cruise. She is to lay up here for the winter. The following to a list of her officers:—Iient. Command- ing, Henry 5. agen; }, Foxhall A. Parker; Master? Ldward C. Stout; Passed Midshipman, W. Talbot Truxtun; Dranghteman, Laward Contell; Chief Engineer James M. Adame; Ist Assistant, R. Milne Bartleman; 24 ‘Assistant, Chas, Sohroeder; Master’s Mate, Wm. Budd. Political Intelligence. Tre New Yorx Canvass.—The canvass, says the Albany Journal of the 20th ult., was closed last night, and all that remained tobe done was to foot up the columns, This may take a dey, or it may take a 4 it as the Boerd thinks best. It is ity evident, jowever, that nothing will be discovered in the canvass or in the footings to materially change Mr. Clark’s ma- jority of 295, ‘Tho Know Nothings made a clean_sweep at the recent municipal election in Shelbyville, Tenn. They elected = James H. Neal, » and all Alier- The Know Nothings of Connecticut held a convention or general meeting in Hartford, Conn., on the 28th ult. The objects of the convention, it is reported, wore in Teference to a Btate ticket. ‘Williamsburg City News. Fire.— Yesterday morning abont nix o’clock 4 fire was discovered in an old wnoseupled building In Ewen street, near Varet, Engine companies Nos. 4and 7 were soon on k. oe and extinguished the flanies. Damage about The examination of Oliver Leo, charged with the mar. Cer of Mr. Harrison, in the election Fomed until Wednesday next. avenue | Fulton street. winter. The line in composed of eight fine scrow steani- ers, three of whieh are entirely new. They are named the Ottawa, Cieopatra, Charity, Erie, Huron, Ontario, Conadian, and Farah Sands. fur MoxosGane.s oy New Repponp.—The fact of this ship having been carried into the Aretic Ocean at the commencrment of the winter of 1863, has created much wterest. Up to our la been heard of ber, notwithstandl snake had coasted up to the a allowed by the ice, and a whaler. course {he Monongahela took; still there wa! Which would give way indication the statement of the natives to Uesnake, that a three masted vessel had gouo Arctic Ocean, This could be no Monongahela, as there was no other vessel that would be likely to be in that situation, By the arrival of the E. L. Frost, we learn that a report was carrent the whaling fieet that a caak hed been picked up at containing articles belonging te the et by the marks. If this be true, there is but joudt but the vessel and her entire crew are lost.—New Bedford Shipping List. i Fe Brooklyn City News. Firng.—A fire broke out in the pianoforte manufactory of Messrs. Conner & Clork, in the rear of No, 224 Bridge street, near Fulton avenue, at 12 o’elock, on Wednesday night. The fre communicated to the adjoining sash and Viind manufactory of Messrs. Fighian & Joy, both of which buildings, with their contents, wore totally destroyed. The dwelling of Mr. Conner, which fronts on Bridge street, was considerably damaged. The build- ing in which the fire broke out, and the dwelliag-house, were owned ¥y Mr. Jeremiah Mundell, who sustains an agererate less of Probably $2,000, insured in the New ork State aud Nassau Insurance Companies. Tue loss sustained by Conner & Clazk smounts to $2,000, partially insured in the Renssolaer Insurance Company. Fithian & Joy are damezed to the extent of $1,200, partially in- sured in the Yossau Company, Henry Beecher, cabinet ware manufacturer, occupied a portion of the piano: forte manufactory, ‘and lost about $600 worth, istured for $200. ‘The fire is supposed to have been eaased by n incendiary. Axneat On Cuarges or FArse Proryors.—Depaty herfff Higgino arrested two men, named Gideon L. Walker and Aaron P. Cline, om Monday last, on the charge of obtaining $200 worth of segare from Mr. Ab- bey, in Goll street, on false representations. On Tues- lay the same officer arrested Samuel B. Fritz, who wae associated with Walker and Cline, on the charge of ob. taining oi}, xmounting to $50 in value, from the agent of Daniel F. Wright, ofl merchant in Furman st: the day subsequent another complaint was mad inst Walker and Fritz, by Thomas J. Wells; who charges them with having obtained $200 worth of machi Seomy Vins. by she sere renee: sb ancterahgnarksh is thougbt, have been victimized by the same parties. They were brought before Justice Blatehly, at the Third district police station house, and committed to answer on Friday (this) morning at 10 o’elock. * Tarcur Exevreion.—The John J. Greene Guard aq ceeded to Greenwood, on Monday, on a target ¢xcarsion. Le numbere4- thirty-five maskets, and were accompa- nied by Stewart’s Brooklyn Band. They dined at the Franklin Hon-s on their return, and gave a ball in the evening at People’s Hall, on the corner of York and Pearl atreets, The officers of the company are—Captain, Thoran McNamee; Ist Lieut., James A. Duty; 2 tient, Edwm Beverly; Orderly Sergeant, James Brew :r. The following prizes were awarded to the best shote:—tat, » Id watch, presented by H. Collins, won by Wm. White: ‘d, fifty dollars, presented by J. J. Greene, won by son; £4; twenty dollars, presented by Jamea A. Duty, presented by | on, by Jobn Finn; 4th, o silver ten set, Rawin Beverly, won by Capt. Thomas McNamee. AqcipasTaL Drate FROM FinkaRme,—Yesterdiay Coroner Wilhelm was called upon to hold an inquest at the New York Hospital, npon the body of # boy about fifteen yearo of sge, named Homer Nichols, who ese to his death from injuries inflicged with a mueket in the hands of Dormigk O'Connor, on the 8th of October last, under the following circumstances: It appears that O’Connor, who was going on a target excurcion the next day after the accident, was cleaning up a musket for the purpose, % Monroe Hall, No. 56. Centra stroct, and wishing do cleor his gun, which apparently had been stopped up at tho nisple by gome dirt, applied a lighted soeur to the tube, ‘Th ‘weapon, which had deen heavily ionded some time provious, went off with @ loud report, and the ball passing through a partition atruck the deceased in tho Bn knee, ag he was crossing Centre s*° i, mear the corner of Pearl street. The in- jury at tie Ume wos thought to be very slight, hut it was found necessary the other day to perform the ope- ration of aimputatioa, as mortification was very likely to set in from the protracted sufferings of the unfortu- nate boy. or this fuleperation be became no completely exhausted that ho breathed his last yester- day morning at the New York Hospital. As the neces eaty Witnesses could not be abta'ued yesterday by the Coroner, he was obliged to adjourn the case until to-day . The deceaved was a very respectable lad, and was, et the time of the melancholy accident, on an errand for his employer Personal Intelligences, ARRIVALS. At the St, N wel B. Crovker, Peuvtons Non. Benjamin ze 3 Hoa. over Rowe, Schenectax Hon. 8. founion, Rev liar sini Thon. A ce cy ‘ineluw oy: Tov. HW. Warthd, ‘ser Dy Elmicas Wan, Caridy, Alban ; Hon. D. Me Comber, New Thomas, Kev. J; Morristown; ail, Ohio; Lieut. 8. awrense. At the Metropolitan—H. G. Hubbard, vidson, Clieago; G, yon and fi W. Newton, New Roch teath, British A: New Haven; 6. F. Now York. From Richm MY Austin, A J Perry, John L Pu 3 Capt Georre Pearce, Joba Kellam MeClusky, lacy and two ehildrems Mis: AC Garratt and (our children, Mi ‘alke, JP » Gilbett B Stannard, Thomas L Wright, john M Sickles, Miss Mary Hateh, John Dov’ rere—26 in steerage. From London, in ship Palestine—Mr Hall, Mrs Sargent ana child, Migs Sargent, Miss E Sargost, Brooklyn; Mrs Walker, NYork; Min Brower, Ct; lire Wood, two childron and ase vant, Wasbingtoo; Mr Milton, Mr Hurst, England. Connection ality DPPAR’ For Charleston, inthe steamship Marion—Miss Middiston, Mies BM Middleton, Mrs & W Kimball, Mes £ Paterson, Mr A Groves, Mr F G Lange, Mr Roa, AR Lancaster, SJ Do Vane, Dr F FE Ritchmer, A Haven, A Groves and friond, Rev Bishop Reynolds, Kev T F Carr, Mrs T G Cosgrot Jchn Carter, JA Kilsen, Wm S Drown, T Reynolde ami lady, FP Brown and Indy, Jovoph Bedell, Bdward Dont Miss’ Julia Doan end rervant, Mre J T Middleton, Miss Middloton, JT Middleton, AM Middieton, Mre RF McFall, Mre Dale—end 1 tn the stecrage, The Espenschetd Hat, for the Winter of 1851-5, is one of the richest and handsomest fabrice gre produced by a New York hatter at any price. Solt for $6 50, at 118 Nassau street. A Famous Man ts Knox.—We would ltke to write bis biography, for we think it would sell equal to that of Parnum; for if the latter is the “+N: of showmen,”’ Knox is the poleon. he can make light, as are usually sold two stores going, reloamen bai Keeps a doren - ff an time ladies his superb stock of furs, that be sells cheaper than any other desler in the city. Mcl.can Complimentary Benefit. The Com- Bare ml wireless bere the henor to preibeped ublic that the cig mien ed ene M Melean will take place at the ~ expen theatre, on Baturtey wea December 2, on wi occasion JESSIE MCLEAN will make her first appearance on the stage, supported. Bn anexceptionabie array of dramatic talent. Box. now open, Anson's Daguerreotypes—Large Size sente |, and in a zich case, twice tho. sixe taken for 66 couty, avd equal in quality and sise to any that are made elsewhere, for $2. ANSON'S, 589 Broadway, spposite Metropolitan Ho! tie have now Become Matters. of social necessity—So save your money and get firat claes size pictures of yourself and family, for S76 cents, at 436 Broadwey, corner of Howard street. GARBANATI, Artist. Great rush t— 700" token yesterday, the rath | Some- thing to be thankful on tho occasion! HOLMES’ Gaiteg States Patent Double Cameras take all the portraits Pictures, Depot, 269 Broadway, Get a Good Likeness for a Holiday Present. —ROOT, No. 63 Broadway, will give oue that {fs per- jotograph, crayons, foct in all respects. "Ph and stereo scopes taken in any weather. Peter ttoberts & Con 315 Broadway, Con- tinue to offer that siseaeeary stock of black guipare Jnces, with some very choice em! Govérnment Stock Bank, Mi ‘at 80 cents ; Merchants’ Bank, Bri Lewis County, 40 cents; Washtenaw, par~at EVAN’S Clothing Warehouse, ae Assortment of Eiver dell’s wedding cards, envelopes, &o. ‘be had on 4 pllention or sent to part 2 : PI fi by EvERper, e ‘ No: 902 Broadway, corner of Deane strest, Defiance Salamander Safes.—Robert M. Pat= RICK fe the sole manufacturer in the United States of the above celebrated nafes and F. 0. Coffin’s ineyeaice. dle deflance locks and cross bars. Depot No. 192 Poari mtroct, one door below Maison lano.