The New York Herald Newspaper, October 22, 1854, Page 2

vacant "busses—its trim shutters and hermetically sealed windows, all form s ai! and unpleasant contrast to that continent which ateamboats and railroads bave now so completely made next door to it. But what a change has this morning come o'er the spirit of its orainary tris tesse! At break of day, the runs of the Tower thunder forth their wakening echoes. The bells of the churches send out a sonorous peal that makes the old, Quaker like houses look as merry as ball room misses—mounted orderlies are seen gal- loping to and from the Mansien House to Downing street—groups of well Greased persons are observed gathering in clusters on the pavements the Sunday journals are seized upon and bought up in ever; ection—the sashes of those ugly guillotine windows are flung up, and i pew faces and fishing eyes are seen smiling in half frightened curiosity, as, ever and anon, the jing cannon re- verter gh the ae And when the hour of prayer fi arrives, and the streets are fall of their pias crowds, for once the prim, starched Protestant Pha =r laid aside, and men, like the sweet Psalmist of Isree}, appear to think it possible aud sinless to goand worship the Father of all Good with a cheerful countenance. And throughout is is the came; for the first time, the Sabbath in Loa- don looks like a day of relaxation as wel: as prayer. Hyde Park. St. James's, Kensington Gardens, and the Zoological, were vever 50 fall, so gay, and 80 redolent of the cheerful buzzing sounds ef so many persons, all talkiag at ovce; aud yet, p:rhspa, it may be safely predi atei toat not one of these hap- py persons ou: of the taousand could have assigned any substantial reason for their being one whit hap- pier on this than on oy happiness, perhaps, is infectious, as well as melaa- obeys but it is strange to think that to produce 30 mach joy and gratulation as on this Sax echoed within the walls and about the environs of old Lon- don, some twenty thoasand mangled sorses must be mouléering and rotting on th shores of that Cri- mea from whence cometh these exciting and stun- ning sounds of victory. Usivggsity Cvs. “te Carresnondence wure Panis, Thursday, Oot. 4,.1954. D ferences of Opinion amongst Military Men as to the Trapregnability of Sebastopol—The French Sulyect—Clmency of Emperor's Ideas on the Louis Napoleon Towards his Politicai Enemies — Release of Barbés—The Projected Attack upon Cronstadt— Danger of a Commercial Revulsion | in France— Disturbed State of Affairs in Spain. “Hope deferred maketh the heart sick,” saith tha wise tnan, and the complete absence of the slightest intelligence on the exciting subject at pretent uppermost in all men’s minds, séems to verify the proverb. The Emperor, however, is knowa to have strikingly departed from his usual reserve on all matters of public interest, and to maintain stoutly the probabilities put forward in favor of the great From personal experience, it appears that he is well acquainted with the fortress of Sebastopol, capture. and only yesterday, in the presence of one of the chief foreign represeutatives, his Majesty declared tbat he fally besieved in the destruction of the Rus. sian army, and ita consequent incapability of taking up any fresh position between the river Alma and Sebastopol; he believed, moreover, that the allies, flushed with victory, had attained the heigats which command the fortress, and that the state of demo" relization which defeat and sickness had generally induced, had s9 overwhelmed the garrison with terror and dismay that they had capitulated. His Majesty concluded with these words, (and I have them from an ear-witneas): “If the allies have, as I believe, pceseseion of the hills, Sebastopol is ours either to-day or to-morrow.” Bat other parties are not equally sanguine, and among these may be mentioned many holding promi- ent positions in military circles. They declare that until the guns of the Invalides officially announce the fact, they cannot bring their minds to credit a saccess of 80 gigantic a nature. Ina military point of view, they will not admit the possibility of such an event, however prepared they may be to ac: quiesce in the probability of a moral inflaence but too consistent with the later antecedents of Ruasian armaditnta. It must have been well knowa, they say, to the Russian commander, that the allies bad not disembarked their siege train, and their def- ciency in cavalry would have certainly prevented @uy extraordinary harrasament after the battle of Alma. The public, however, more disposed to range them- selves under the hopeful banner of the Emperor, have been heard to say, that a certain jealousy is al. ways to be looked for from military critics, and that if you could entirely put your faith in them, you could be made to believe that the allies are already half consumed with enwy, bitterness, and all manner ot evil—that the Turk, the Saxon, and the Gaul are irreconcilably at issue—that, in fact, they hate one avother with an intensity which renders any pro- longed snd continuous combined action impossible, and that the French will never be what their fathers were till the “brutal English” are left to fight their own battles. But the public, to pre- = truth of gg oi ee ‘ ° Bi speculate on re. It 10 bres! time should be to the Cza:—that either Turkey or Persia ‘been deprived—that the iron should be struck while it is hot—that no half measures must be adopted—and that while yet the alliance is sound, and before internal dissension bas had time to generate and corrupt, the expul- sion of Russie from every spot where sie now has —— to annoy the Ecropean family ht to be rapier ep The Tarks, it is urged, as a peo- le, are already sour enough at the existing inter- ference with their internal affairs; let only Russia be pushed with vigor, Turkey may be left more to Chriatian bigotry has been brought to clash with Mahometan. The arrival of direct intelligence, is not looked for till the day after to-morrow. The Moniteur of this mo contains the fol- lowing note of the Emperor to M. Billautt, Minister of the Interior: ‘Monsieur le Ministre—The en- doreed extract from « letter of Barbés, has been communicated tome. A prisoner who, despite his long sufferings retains euch patriotic sentiments, must not, under reign, remain in confinement. Relesse him i ately and without conditions ; and my, God have you in his holy keeping—‘“ poleon.”” ‘The extract is as follows :— Prison de Belle Isle, Sept. 18th., 1854. Tam very glad to behold in this, the sentiments which thou expressest. If thon art affected with “‘chanvanisme” because thou dost not offer up pray- ers for the Russians, I am still more “chauyin” thaa thee, for I earnestly desire victory for our French. Yes, yes, yonder let them valiantly thrash the Cos. racl hich will be so much gained for civilization and the world! Like thee, I might have wished not to bave nad war; but since the sword is drawn, it is necessary that it ehould not reenter the scabbard without glory. This glory will profit the nation at large, who has need of it more than any one. Siace Waterloo, we are the vanquished of Europe, and to effect a good, even among ourselves, I believe it to be of adventage to show to foreigners that we know bow to eat powder. I commiserate our party, if there be any among them who have thoughts diffr- ent to those. Alas! it only needed, in, every other thing, to lose our moral sense.” An order has been immediately made, states the Dfoni- tevr, for the release of M. Ba:bés, without condi- tiors, All this is ia perfect accordance with the Bona- | partean principle, and is precisely the same which governed the condnct of the First Consul, after the | coup d’ etat of the 18th of Brumaire, when the Council of Five Handred were sent fi — at that time whose heart at bottom was re! try’s welfare, no matter what was the hue of their political opinicns, wae welcomed, courted aud ca- reseed the Consular government. And now, aoe ee the ete ne ae pans republican—have er! ¢ bold of by Louis Nepoteon, to show tint in thisas in other » he is trne to the Na»oleonic prin- é 2. ip to ail tha’ are near or are afar off—to legiti- mist, or socialist, or Orleanist, or ‘blicans of the red or tricolor—and tells them, in the words of ars have they but now they shake their ea’ inion in the love hour oouiey, come vay an4 ees, Fin (3s battle love , Come » In ttle field all minor considerstions are absorbed—the ene- France are before share in the Es glorious and feared—and they who ate French heart, their what they may, shail be ‘welcome eae pate with me in the honor and jampo national a work. ee ate poasible that sundry patriots at present living in exile may view in the release ot Barbs au excuse for serving their country. Who knows whether not be one of the first to the gpg inne eM Success, in opposite 5 & won J sed hte njcaticen en a0 le hitherto, .) have thought pode d nO Booner does victory a. previous Sunday. Bat | i— every one whose vows were for their coun- | le. He thas holds out the righ$ hand of fellow: _ Task you not to bow down | millions of our countrymen have ced me all I desire isto make France to hover over han we have the following gy Emperor most ho i ged with it.” arse, for the establishment of lines of omnibuses | Rotwcen the camps of Boulogne sur-Mer, for the n3e of the soldiers. The omnibuses are d to return four times. | *7itis a fact that General Niel, a distinguished of- ficer in the French expeditionary force to Bomar. | sund, is stating in every society that Admiral Na. | pier baseven now @ design upon Or Be | Stated as much two days ago to the Emperor, and | that Revel was not the objectin view. Admiral Parseval Deschenes, it is certain, has been ordered back to the Baltic, but no ove seriously believes that at thia time of the year, any work of impor- tance can be uudertaken, The time has past. What, with the price of corn keeping up, in conse- quence of the laborers of the field not admitting of tne operations of the mill, and the enormous aug. mentation in the value of wines, from the terrib! | disease of the vineyards, there are serious com- | plsinte throughout the country. Everything is done to meet the ciifinstiy cn the part of the government, and of this the people themselvesare conviaced; but | men grow serious when they even think of wat the consequences would be if, under any circumstances, | a reaction from the present highly artificial pros- perity were to occur. The question is some! | asked. whetter Napoleon, su.posing the affsir of | Sebast-pol to make it feasible, would, tor instance, accept a peace. It isurged that the existing system of ficding employment extraordinary or superfluous improvement ot the towns, cannot last, apd therefore, that without some giand enterprise, come boli military operation, the ptate wou'd sink under the weight of the task it haa | taken upon itself, and that the Bonaparte dynasty | is barély stroag enough to do without some kind of ‘-s ewhich mav prevent men’s minds from | Bgivaivw, oe * welling too closely on Its despotic character. 10 mert the difficulty about the corn, a former letter of the First Consul’s is published, coaxing the millers, for the love they bear him, to leave their fields and grind! To remedy the defective vintage, wine | 13 freely admitted from foreiga countries, and whe- ther on ascount of the scarcity or for tre saka of the existing Anglo-mania, an immensely increas- ing taste for beer is springing up in all circles. The | bigber classes drink the beat Koglish stout, or the fashionable pale, or Scotch ale; and English porter in draught, at 45 francs the kilderkin, or eighteen gallons, is given to the servants, who often greatly prefer it to vin ordinaire, A notion prevails that the finer beers cavnot be brewed in France, in con- sequence of some pecullarity in the water—that the water of the Seihe is especially too hard; but there cannot be cup aa and asthe soil is admirable for the growth of barley, and, when properly culti- vated, will easily produce the finer kind of hop, itis not to be supposed that the beverage canaot be made here as well asin England. In that country nore but breweries on large scale, in which im- “mense capital is invested, can do avything, and as, till now, the demand has not existed ia France, capital bas not sought this direction. Should, how- ever, the present scarcity continue, or increase, we may fully expect tha} beer, as in Eugland, will become the staple drink of the country. There was a time in Kagland, when, if French wines had been admitted at a low daty, the con- sumption might have been sufficiently great to have afforded a large revenue; but the Jate rovement in’the manufacturing ot beers has greatly affected the popular taste, and it is questionable now, if the English ta:iff be changed, and France be able to exrort tosny extent, whether it is not too late. A Madrid telegraphic despatch, dated October 1, siates that rerious disturbances have broken out at Malaga, Logrono ard Jaen; that a republican con- auc bas been discovered, and that the Infante Don Henry has been sent to the Balearic Islands. The Queen has returned to the Prado. A gentleman, lately Bien Ostia eae hey isso gyi were very busy,and that a degree of general dis- turbance was at work, of which the government seemed to have but little idea. He states that the predominant feeling everywhere is, that the govera- ment is incompetent to its task; and that, shou'd it endure long enough for the assembly of the Cortes, it will come down with a crash before Christmas, Amongst the moderados, he found the desire to make terms with America in the matter of Cuba much more general than he expected; that the republi- cans, spite of their respect for Mr. Soul, were not so decided on the matter, while the Carlists were thoroughly opposed to anything of the kind. At the same time, there was a general disposition to sink minor differences in a host for a free govern- mé nt; and the opinion of my informant, who, from his long residence in gers is more Spanish than French in bis feelings, is that, in the event of an ex- plosion, the repubiicans will be very formidable; that they will, however, unite with the Carlists till the hour comes when they may strike. B&xris. Our Swiss Correspondence. Bas.z, Switzerland, Oct. 2, 1854. Arrest and Imprisonment of Two American Citi sins by the Police-—Outrageous Conduct of the | Authoritics— Refusal of an Interview with the | | American Consul—The Swiss Government Doing | the Espionage of Austria—Demand for Satis- faction by the Parties Aggrieved. A few days since, to my surprise, and I may edd, pleasure, I found in my box at the Post Office a number of the New Yorx Hunatp, and although anxiously waiting its repetition, I fear I shall be forced to regard it as one of those bright flashes of sunshine which will occasionally croas our pathway, and then disappear as suddenly, leaving us almost to regret its appeararce at all, when not blessed by its continuance, It is true, I can offer you in exchange but little of interest from this quiet part of the world, and yet there will occasionally turn up little affairs which might not prove uninteresting to your many read- ere. Of this character was the arrest a short time since in Basle of two young Americans—Measrs. J. B. Philips, M. D., from Chester City, Pennsylvania, and G. M. Eichelberger, of South Carolina—under circumstances extremely painfal to those young gen- tlemen, snd which gave rise to the quite general newspaper declaration that Mazzini, the famous re- publican agitator, had at last been trapped at Basle. The circumstances, as far as I could learn them, were simply these: Information had been commu- nicated to the governments interested, that Mazaini | was quietly and cozily enjoying the beautifal senery of Switzerland, and travelling with an American | | paeeport, under the assumed name of Philips, Mr: | ven 50,000 france from his privy | to be gratis for | the wer, and are to leave'sach cap four times a day, | i over the country for the | are riversin France against which this objection | in prison here for eight days; and y insisting upon being confronted with the American Coveul—a right most ung tiea for whatever have been ters, they were travelling under American passports, snd tbe was i to, even kad the it—to test the authority of the documents under which trey cisimed tion as American citi- zens, This, as I before remarked, was denied them; but after eight days of imprisonment, without » change of linen, and dieted upon bread and water, and even up tothe present moment kept in utter ignorance as to the cause of their arrest, the august powera seemed to have been appeased, and the iea were quietly tarned looae and told they might go. Now whatwill be the end of this most sicgular procedure upon the part of the Swiss go vernment and the Basle police, I cannot pretend to say. I learn, however, that Mr. Philips has formal: | ly lodged = compiaint before the American Minister at Beine, and demands not ooly a full and ample | apology for the thee his national character, but also a more tangible and satisfactory ackaow: ledgement for the outrage done bis time and person, Taking it all in all, I cannot possibly conceive of 98 | @ more unwarrantable procedure, or a more flagrant outyage upon the nee of an Americaa citizen, for although cnnings re were reasons for suapectiog or knowing that Mezzini was travellisg in S witzer- land with an American aud that bearing the | name of Philips, etill the identity of the petrport could have been settled in a very few moments by re- | ferring it to the proper authority tae American @on- | sul. And besides, too, Mr. P. ia a youug man, not certainly over 28 or 30 years of one fad b-ars atout as much resemblance to the distinguished person for whom he was arrested, as does the editor 1) Mae Unnw Oe syn himself. VE WUC ata Avan anne ——-- Moral Effect of the Iuvasion of the Orimoea. [Frcm the London Chronicle, Ost 6 ] Frr the lifetime of a generation, no event has oc. curred ¢o interesting to so many nations as tha ia vasion of the Crimea. Though Sebastopol has not yet fallen, the allies are in poaseasion on the s2uth as well as the north shores of the Peninsula—they sre st Balaklava sa well as Enpstoris and Alms. After all that bas been said, and universally agreed to, for scores of yeara, about the import of such an event as Russia losing hold of the Crimea,.we may now best imprese ourselves with a sense of it by | glancing round upon the ex; it ) ani | seeing how they the news. We know how j tbe news of the acquisition was taken by the } Conquerors and their abettors: how the Czar Peter grew amiable in his delight at obtaining Azof, as a atep towards the Crimea, and eavage at the loss of | it; and happy a; when he acquired some Persian rovinces which would enable his successors to take e Crimea in flack. We know what the court re- | joicings were at St. Petersburg when the Crimea | was really conquered; how the insane Orloff was | plied with the news,to cheer nishorroratricken mind; | and how Potemkin called on heaven and earth to glorify the greatnees of the Czarina ; and how the | Emperor of Austria kissed the dust in his joy that | Russia hed come down tothis central post, to take | care of his formidable neighbor, the Porte, on his | bebalf. Too many of the nations were inattentive | and indifferent to an event so important. It was mourned in the mogquesof Constantinople, and ia the ; Fecesees of the Caucasus ; but central and Western | Europe were insensible to the extent of the cals- | mity, or ra'her pleased than otherwise. The events | of severty years have wrought a sonage in and 80 3 | men’s minds. So strong is now the interest, | deep the sense, of what is involved in the Russian | possession of the Crimea, that there can scarcely be | a doubt of what would have been the response of | the civilized world if they had been offered their | choice of wt boon that heaven could confer in the | form of a political event. To rid the Crimea of the ; Ruesiars would tave been the choice. And now the | time has come. The news is travelling through all ars on the people of all lands are up and awake to hear it. | “The Tartars are free now—those of the Crimea. As the Dutch took Holland near the close of the | last war, the Tartara are now coming into posses- | sion of Tartary. How many of those fleet riders are Low speeding over the steppe to tell the Cossacks of the Knban the news that the Russian power in the Crimea has fallen! As each one pauses at hamlet, how many more start off north, south, ef east, to spread the tidings! The naws will coon be told under the black hair tents of nomade Turco- mans, and smong the fishermen’s huts all down the shores of the Caspian. The Khan of Khiva and the King of Bokhara will meet to talk it over. The Russian agents in Cabul will have hard work in convincing the Affghans that the victory is all the other way, and that the Czar is in fact marching for | the Himalaya. Mr. Murray’s missionin Persia will be much lightened. The news will have “ made things pleasant” with the Shab. The most go0- lemy thankegivings of all will be from the Prophet of the Caucasus and his followers. Fora quar- ter of a century have these brave warriora— snd they alone—kept the Russian power in check: ard now if are not only avenged but released, No more shall their supplies be interce sted by sea, nor their villages burned on land. Their coast is their own henceforth, and they may have, not only salt and ammunition, but all the products of the earth that they may qualify | perety s0on now up sword and gon, and set their hand to the plough and the pruning knife. | And a0 with the Georgians. They may show the | invruding Russians the way to the Caspian or by the military road over the Caucasus, and see them safe off for home, and then live their own life—s wiser one, we trust, than of old. Whata day is coming for Trebizond! Nomore Russian war ships riding the Euxine, but instead of them the commerce of the world! By sea commerce has nothing to fear from the elements; and by land the caravans bat | Persia will no more be cut off wheu once the Trans- Caucasian provinces are cleared of the alien race. In Greece there will be some rejoicing, though not in the palace. King Otho and his seif-willed wife will probably shut themselves up to mourn for ® while; but the true friends of the Greeks, the es of the people and the teachers of the chil- , the schoo! who is abroad there, and his attached pupils, and all that is best of that peo- thanksgiving thatthe Peloponndean wl all ot eloponnesue e Chersonesus; and Helicon will echo the hymns of | the Caucasus. As for Italy, the Pope and Cardi- | nals will go pays ao Rome; but in Venice and Milan there be many glad hearts, anda quiver of emotion will run through Sicily as if the old Titan under Etna stirred a; And well he may; for another Titan is put down, and monntain of horror and remoree is settling down upon his b-east. The German States are all grave and sad, no doubt, though in different de- grees, according to their deserts. The trumpet blast of the invaders of the Crimea is the warning that themselves to purchase. | P., for aught I know, may be an ambitious young gentleman, and somewhat proud of his black eyes, | black hair and beard, and altogether rather foreign | their brother, their ide, and till now their h appearance; but Iam inclined to believe that he would willingly have bartered all these for a differ: | ent reception than that which awaited bim and his companion on their arrival at Bas'e. | Wittout going farther back than the factsin the | case, I will bere simply state what occurred :-~A | telegraphic ao ad been received from the Fr derai Council at Berne, and a police force wus in | attendance, awaiting the arrival of the Berne Dili- | gence. The moment Mr. Philips, with his travel- ig companion, descended, he was politely accosted | | by police officer, and hia passport demanded; | supposing that this formality was usual upon attival bere, he un ly and without fur- | ther ceremony, delivered it up, when lo! the startling name of Philips flashed before the eager eyes of the anxious poice agent, who | now swelling with hopefal pride that his name was to live in history, and that his had been the fortonate hand which had stricken dowa and cut | short the career of the danger us and almost ubi- qu'tous Mazzini, he tarned, after having examined the passport, and told Mr. Philips that it was necea- sary that both he and bis companion should follow | him. This they did, and in their walk to the police | station--both being uncons:iousfor whom they were suspected, or why this thio; matded of them--the amused hi by aak- ! ing Mr. P. leading poe elles mg Speaks | French?” “Yes;” “Monsieur speaks German?” | “Yes, a little;” and with a iar twinkle of the | ese, “Monsieur certainly speaks Italian?” “No.” | “Ah! Monsieur was too ; Monsieur certainly | | speaks /a belle Italian; an eye could tell that jonsieur was a distinguished foreigner, and con- sequently familiar with all languages, particularly | Itelian. Poor P. here liked to have tost | balance, and was on the himeelf net. only fomiliar with the . lan, but if necessary the Turkish and Rossian beside, for who that is mortal can witbstend tue in- sitvating voice of Lape when see, laid on: and beside, too, he had picked up some few words cf Italian in histrave 8, but following the inatin ts , of bis first negative, be again answered, “No.” This was too much for the obsequious agent, who flatly told him be lied. By this time they bad arrived at the police station, and Mon. Mazzin: and companion were turned over to the chief, and here the same ‘ermality of examining peteporis wos gone sect 1 with, when the prisoners—for such no 7 tuey really were—yere most perempto ily orcered to deliver up their money acd then were quietly turned into acellard locked op; beth geuviemen demsndlog some satisfagtory explanation of tis most aiagular preeedure. | They requested to know if there was not aa American Cowan ate in Base, and when agawoet tn the ofirmative, they insisted np a being brdaghs was de- | P | themselves, point of declaring | . their bn jadgment is near. Let those who have any necks under their feet raise up the oppressed, or their own turn will come, like that of the Ser an . Their idol is proving to beclay; they must set free ail whom, on the plains of linear or elsewhere, they bave bound by his aid or for his leasure. The Austrian alliance needs no words, hai on with success; and all that need be said istbat the time of Austria’s obsequiousness must be used to exclude her from all claim over the Principalities she is occupying. The King of Prussia may be le weep in peace. His people will not need comfoiting. The Mejesty of Denmark wiilhave some busit ¢ss thrown on his hands, iteeems, without delay. The Resian succession to the Danieh crown cannot be allowed: and be will be wise to surrender it at on:e. His people will find some method of representation which wil! enable them to see to that. Sweden and Ncrway may now enter the Western alliance with safety. The birding of the power of the Czar is news to brighten the long night at Tornes, aad to temper the wintry wind to the dwellers at the North Cape. Sooner or Jater, the news may be borne by some good spirits to the depths cf Sibs- tia; spd some faint music of hope may mingle in the exile’s ear with the moaning of the winds held captive under the ice, and the sighing of the breeze as it comes and goes through the pine barrens. The icy despotism that imprisons those winds will be woken up; and the sighing of the breeze become, in the pines, the music of a thousand harps when the warm winds rush to the north in their season, These hinta of patare become significant, now that the Crimes is invaded. Austria and Principaitties, TUE ALLIED POWERS WITH HER, OR WITHOUT HER {From the London Times, Oct. 6] ‘There is an ambiguity about the word Ce sam of which Austriaand jenna preas are not to avail In one sense, evety man an ry State oie to be an egotist, To pursue our own happiness ia the end and aim of our being, and in this sense the mort disictererted as well as the most sordid, the most seneroesas well sa the most selfish, are undonbtedly ego tists In this rense the manimous, honorable aad straightforward policy of the Western Powers, the crouctirg subserviency of Prussia, and the timid and 'f spob en overtures of Austiis, are equally egotistical, each State undoubtedly believes that ty ite own particular course it is secazing for ‘self the maximum of advantage at the cost of the minimum of inconveni- ence. Censurable egotism cone'ate in the paltry choiee, not cf ends, but of means—not in intensoly desiri: one’s own edventege but in overlooking the trat! taat it is impossible to cecure it wholly at the expense ef our ceighbor,—nct in wishing to be happy, bat in forgetting that indivicual happiness ia taconsistent with gecera! misery. Nobody biames the Emperor of Russia ct wishing to see his empire great, prosperous and res peoted; and, if we stigmatize bis policy as mean, sa! dsh, irarpiog ard shortaizhted, it is realy be wen egotia’ ic eaouga, ead as aot em, meaas for securing the object be uaa ia Cupaia g eat, grea aa 8 waslike power, dovelopemest of Der inl u: oot her cos “| arc each secking their own interest, We do not odjest H 4 ¢ night to aiein endie-s marches tals whore every Kigpen fy Ink any tee pon ing in breathiess and etic, deeantaris das at iatical, but, =, rbed us, 6 pe yn punished Eianeelf. ‘The Austaian press, not wholly, we fear, without some inspiration from the it. has, since the army of the empire has placed its faltering foot on the ail of the Prineipalities, betaken itself to « bold svowal of the pelicy of egotism ‘he Austrin government has declared over and over min its cordial sym- psthy with the Law 4 the Western Powers; it hes even egreed with them in deficing the grounds er¢ conditions on which alone peace is possi ble. Till these are granted, it is the opiaion of Austria that the Western Powers ought to continue to wage un. war Russia Austria has, moreover, inte an alliavce with Tur! not only e party to, but the object and p ize of the war. Is austria of opipion under these circumstances, it ix dignified or hono: bat she should remain at peace? No one, that wi e of, has said eo. If the Westera Powers were to offer to Russia more favorable terms tnaa those to which Austria iss party, sus ria woud feei slighted and dishonored. she is pledged to exact there concessions, but she does not consider that this pledge involves ried ns ae, meee that a adopts @ policy of egotivm, , availing of the sophism sees inted out, deciares that in this she is no more to blame the Western Powors or Turkey, who that Austria should seek ber own interest, but we grieve to sae that a great Power should have formei such man end inadequate ideas of that in which its interest realy covusists. Auatrie isas little consulting her true intereste when ehe leaves this deglorab'e hiatus be tween her professions and her performangs as Russia ai ANare when she Seeks to cheat the mativus min dip'omatio tricks, to conquer the sarth with bal! ‘ved sod apiritless serfs, or to overawe the ocean with rotten sbips snd unpractised orewa To side with the Western Powers in words and to separate from them in deeds, to push them into the conflict by keeping herself out of reach of shot or steel, to fight her battle with the ‘bd cod of her assvciater, and use the heads of her allies as anvils for her esemy’s swords, is the dexterous po liey in the auccess of which Austrix now rejoices. But we have not yet done full justice to her dexterit, Not only is Austria fighting her great battle against — be: t enemy with our blooi and our = tressur @ «has ‘contrived to constitute herself stak and to secure possession eholder, for herself of those very provinces re-conquered from Russia by the va'or of the fares, supported by the flests and armies of the Western Powers. Austria, also, >as her ‘ material Obrerving the pal deere attitude assumed by the Western Powers, bavicg nothing whatever of the Quixote in her disposition, and naturally fearing that at the close of the war the allies, who are pledged to take nothing for themselves, might feel dis- yesec to enfozce an involuntary disinterestedness on ir apathetic neighbor, Austria has determined to have somethirg to give por scmething Weick, may give value lonee pretensions and weight to her remonstances. She is in porsestion of the Danubian Principalities, and she doubdtiess means, if possib‘e, to retain them. To fight with other m: wespons, and to seize for herseif the prize of war be! the cosfli:t is concluded—this is the pelicy of egotism, and this is the policy of Austria Svch views arecompounced of that mixture of the truth and the false which constitutes the plausible, but | are eminently shorteighted and unsound. Involved as hi aggle for existence, it is it principle iS sal SBicmas seine pone gteat principles to samali expediencies, ive cn from cay to day, seeing no more of the future than that which is immedia ely conrested with the present; but sht has now to deal with other and lesa manageable element. The present policy of Austris, inadequate as it is to sustain ber own dignity and support her position in Ensope, is quite sufficient to enable the Western Powers to impose their own terms at the cannon’s mouth on tie Emperor of Russia. In the imposition of those terms Austria, a non-belligerent, will have no right tos voice; and the Power whose inforests are, above ali otbers, compromised in the struggle, will, by its own miserable policy, be excluded from their support. It will be by the terms of pease that Aus.ria be bourd, for is made between belligerents, not between neutrals and allies. But Austria ered that her actual possession of the Danubian Princi- ‘ities will give her a weight to which the rest of her conduct docs not entitle her. Let her not forget, however, that when Russia has been effectually humbled by the Aeets and armies of the three ‘allies, ince, England and Purkey, whatever they shatl determine will be the law of Europe ’ When that time arrives Russia will neither 4 have the will nor the rer to second the ambition of Austria, ard Prussia will not certainly evjoy more, as she can hardly possess influence over their counsels than at present. 4gainst their resolution the mere ession of the Principalities by Austris will avail |ittle, and the power that quailed before Russia {a not like: ly to assert its dignity very forcibly in the presence of France and England. We cam conquer without Autria; but Tet her not suppore that when we have done so she will occupy the same position as if we had comquered with her Great powers ought to support great prin ciples, aud there is no surer presage of the decline of an erpire than # zecuction in the seaie of ita policy. Mr. Soule and the Madrid Press. {From the Disrio Espanol, Sept 19.) On the 30th of last month, the Diaro Espafiol published an article in which, in adverting to the pews published by another periodical, reapecting the Spproacbing departare of Mr. Soulé, the repre- sentative of the United Stales at the court of Madrid, some reflections were emitted upon this event. That same dey, alt! fh at an advanced hour of the night, we received the following letter:— TO THR EDITOR OF THB DIARIO BSPANOL. Sir—The tone and the character of the article ed in your number of to day, relative to me, al influences which have insp'red it to be too clearly seen for me not to kavé the honor of sending you a word in Te) Fobsent myrtelf from Madrid, sir because it pleases me to depart from it, and because I am not oi upor to al jive an account to any one either of E exgeoe or ff the motives which determine them. “Y al he ab- ‘biiah jw the pertinent nor |. Above all, sir, [have no fear of the ile respect all those who deserve to be res) stamp with infamy the wretches who flatter and deceive them. They fight, but they do not assassinate. With respect to the perfidious inrinuations which sppear im your article, they do not even merit contempt. leave a the merit of the varnieh with which you | have covered hem, and to those who have dictated them to you the infamy of their invention. Tam, sir, your servant. PIE%RE SOULE. Medtic, August 1854. It was half past twelve o'clock at night when this letter reached the hands of the persoa to whom it was directed, and at that hour it was impossible to answer it, for which reason the editor of the Diario Espoftol saw himselt under the necessity of Postpon- ing hia reply to the following morning. He to stam If tothe representative of a foreign nation, accredited as such at our court,and from these considerations it was ne 2essary to proceed with great tact, ag it was not impossible ttat the controversy to which it would lead might have for result to farther neal relations with the slo tates, y sufficiently embarrassing, an: pecially becanse public ; ed to the person of that represent 5 rimity strange in our country, an influence in our in- affairs more er leas great, and which might, Perhaps, have the effect of conv his position an obstacle to the pendin; tions, and in- capacitate him as it were by very fact from con- tinuing them with advantage, if, aa there is reason to believe, from the favorable natnaiae of our gov- ernment, negotiations had been commenced and were following their natural course, and if, as fight | freely commente: is also to be supposed, the representative of the United States was equally desirous of carrying them to a successful issne. in view of these considerations it became necessa- ry, nay, urgent to fix the origin and the limits of the quet{jon, reepecting which it appeared that Mr. Soulé had Tormed an entirely erroneous jadgmert. The editor of the Diario Espafol conceived that he did bot misapprehend the duties which h's position im- posed on him, in addressing to Mr. Soulé the follow- ‘ng answer:— Manrtp, August 31, 1864. To Mr. Pienre Sour, Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States. Sin—Last night, at half past 12 o’cicek, I received the letter which you liave bees pleased to address to me, and which, as I bave been foformed, was left at the office of the Diario @t halt-past 9. The latences of the hour ¢id not permit me to reply te it last night. I lose no time in doing so this Me Putting asi¢e, sir, the explanation which you gave in your letter of the motives of your departure—an ex pla- nation remeelieg, which it ie not for me to say anything, since it ia. a question for your own persona! appreciatioa, Thave in my turn to explain in what manner, and by whom the artic’e which has called forth your letter, was suggested to me. lowever lamentable it may be, it is a fact sir, that through some misfortune, the cause of which I have not now time to investigate, that since your arrival i epee our relations with the representstive of the United rtates have become more difficult aud troublesoms, and it isequally positive that during your stay in our coun- try, fresh complications have contributed to aggiavate the already somewbat cneeraies P vmpree in which thore relations hi eviously stoo is state of things, togetter with the fate which menaces our istand of Cuds, on the partof a nation of which we were and to the support of which we contributed at the epoch of its foundation, suffice in themselves alose to explain the eeliog of prejucice and of distrust of which perhaps you we reason to ormplain; & bd | whi-h lately has reached a degree of exasperation aad of intsmsity whic »as given rise to 1bis controversy. ‘The cbaracter with which you aré invested, and fel ogs of perecnal respect, easy to compreheni, do not permit me to detail thore acousstions, It is sufficient ate that they go the lebgth of attrivat a oreign Irgation the factof having ed and aided he c isturbances of whi I » lately the heatce, pot Guly with aavies but w naterial sup . ‘This belief, repeated from mowh to mouti , with or withoms rearon, have given new foros to arend men’s, the ex;rossionof which ought oatu- to “ad piace Ia the columar of @ joursal ia worn cee! to Conceal whst is publicly cle ted ‘with the Of trath especially in moments of anxiety and trial im which fooling takes the place of dis- cussion. ‘This brief ex; ion will suffice toconvince you that the barrh qua: o which rptetice end whieh appear iy to harmlessly over our beads, ia to assall other objects, fali directly upon the which bas been the exclusive in- spirer ofear ; Upon the peogle—the true Spaniss people—am whom, on the other hand, by a strange con- | c to which they are enti Nevertheless, sir, inasmuch as, in despite of these eon- sicerstions, you bave thought at to give certain tone of personality, it is right to say to you that the atituce of ourreply meets with great resirictivas from the official with which you ave invested, and which imposes & rererve upon us to wi strictly confine ourselres. If, therefore, your words have, in reslity the intention which « desire of provoca- on, strain, ‘would hove failed to dizection best fi ted to eatiafy your susceptibiity; if provocation bad beem your sorlge, there would ha: been po necessity, after the article of the Diario, for pour mahing use of phrases which might appear of ‘am- jiguous application, euch as which are found in the two lsat parsgral of your letter, that you would fi always disposed to respon ate year invite- tion, in it should be personally di ected to me. iremain, ir, at your orders, MANUEL RaNcks¥ VILLANUEVA, Eprror oF THE Dranio Esraxot. Just as the preceding letter had been written, and was about to be dispatched to its destination, the two gentlemen who had been the bearers of the let- ter of Mr. Soule the nen before, presented taem- selves in our office, with the object of revo whether the comman'cationof that gentleman woul or would not be published ia the columns of the Diario Esparo/, From what we could collect from the explanations that took place on thia Vag the intention of tbe representative of the United States in addressing to ua the above-mentioned letter, hid not what is generally understood by its context in our country, but was simply intended asa commu- nicated arti le, in reply to that which we bad pub- lished. Even received in this light, there SL eg grave objections to making it public, founded in some cegree on the customs established a us, d which dictate that befvre the publication of ar- ticles sffecting great avd sacred interests, explana- * chonld be given, the trath eatab- tone of the rave we. | sdeatlhid lished, and, finally, ali the pradence wawu — _. iit, of the press imposes as a necessary duty ob journalists, especially when such grave matters @ e agitated, observed. In exposivg these reasons to the consideration of the Ys with whom the editor of our journal conferred, he expressed to them his invention, fout ded on those reasons, to await the resolution of Mr. Soule upon the subject; but he then learaed that Mr. Soule had left at two o'clock that mornin; for France, and conseq: that it wae not possi- ble to come to any und on the point which ey ee only one ccurse adopted; the publicetion of Mr. Soulé’s letter, which, hen f tock place, ought to be mesg on by our reply, until the latter should reach the hand: of Mr. Svulé; and this was unanimously agreed to by the gentle- men acting for that gentleman, and also by the edi- tor of the Diario Espafol. As, in this ixterview, in order to determine the sense of Mr. Soul¢’s letter, with respect to his inten- tion of publishing it, the said letter was read and Roa ewan also the reply of the editor of the Diario, respecting which the fullest explanations were given, it resulted from these mu- tual explanations tras on the one hand Mr. Soulé had faleninto a great error in attributing to the nario Espahol a character which it does not pos sess, and on the other that the editor of our jouraal was also mistaken in a manner, ex certainly, as regarde the personal intention of the letter of that gentleman, an error rendered eviden’ by the fact of his leaving a few moments after sending it, as well as by the statements of those gentlemen who repre- mpiee to th tlemen that the ap} proper jose gentlemen sense ot our letter should be modified as to this int; but as the rectification was not now easy, Cowever it mght appear just, the editor of the Diario ‘Espahol} propored to Mr. Soulé’s friends, and it was assented to by them, taat he should state in & posteoript all the oe which had been de- weupea oy the explanations which had taken place. He gly drew up the following, and thesame evening the {etter and postscript were sent to Mr, Soulé, through one of the friends who represented him on this occasion. P.8.—At the moment Iwas about to send you this letter, I have had the honor to receive the visit of Messrr. P— and D—, who were the bearers of your com. muvicaticn of last night. I have learnsd from those jemen that you had left for France, of which I had not the slightest idea: but at the same time the explicit explanations which, on reading my letter to them, I bave with great pleasure received from those gentiemen, deputed by you for that purpose, have convince: tkat nothing bas been more fo: tien than to make use of any kind of 4 ageinet the director of the Diario Espanol. express ing this conviction it is my duty also to state to you the satis(ection which l experience at finding removed the motives which ee have given a disagreeab!e turn to our controversy. You will comprehend, sir, the eenti ments which dictated my letter, and will appreciate their justice. Messrs. P— and D— have indicated to me your desire thatthe Diario Espanol should publish your letter. For my part I have made no opposition to it, but, with the assent of those gentlemen, it has been decided that it shall be you, who, after receiving my answer, sball re- solve whether both letters should remain in the category of private correspondence, or whether the character of & pablic incident is to be imparted to them. have the honor to place myself at sour orders, and am your obedient servant. Weil, there itatives of Mr. Soulé have trans- ‘us the resolution of that 5 Mr. Boulé ineists on the pudlication t The Teagons which he aesigns not con’ ; denied him; but he takes reasons for pursuing a different course we bave indicated above, and which counselled a little prudence in this matter. He is astonished that much as it completes the history of its hases. The Mes: of Bayonne, published in its number of the 9th of this month, a copy of Mr. ent. though Mr. Souié’s letter appeared at Bayonne, it pach th ot bi co of the facts an abst from to the letter the formality which required us to await the answer of Mr. Soule. We have the assurance that the res; ectable pereons w! matter bave had no part in that publication. let the cause be what it virta of whic! publication took place at able that it is our an equal rence; ani i tative of the United States at this court, addressad to on the 30th ult. However the Publication sf the said etter, tranamistal ite ‘on by your crrsesponcent, may seems, independent wil of this gentlemsn, | could hot but feel surprised at its apyea:ance, inasmuch as its publication was postponed in Madrid by agreement with the representa ive of Mr. Soul, until the latter gentleman, after the receipt of my re ply, should come to rome decision on the matter, as his cepatture, which took place two hours after his letter bad ee me, og Wies immediate beer senr ne = ple. our correspondent sa: therefore, reaneatiog the eaure why the latter of Mr, Pood did not appear, in the Diario E:panol, is not cor- reet. But rince, owing to causes I cannot anderstand, it bas seen the public light in your pe , wl ve not received, either directly or indirectly, the reply of Mr. Seulé, Thave a right to request you to inert in the columns of the , with the present letter, that which on the Sistof August (and a copy of which is adjoined) I addressed to the representative of the United States in reply to his own. In this reply you will see indicated the facts which have given rise to my controversy with the Hon Mr, Soulé, and their perueal will enable yoa to comprehend the unan’mous manifestations ma le during the jast fow days by the of Madrid, not against the represen- tativecfa friendly »» and towards whom, for that reason, we observe respect due to his position; ror still less against him in his private capacity, since, thank Ged, our civilizstion permits us to esteem what is respectable in our sdveri }, and evep in our enemies; Dut agatcst the influence which, wit or without rea- sn, 0s this bas nothing to do with the matter, and I do not widh to be wanting ia propristy by deciding the question ageinst the influence which pnb ic opinion at- tifbutes to that personage in our last internal disturb ences, and which establishes 2.state of things able of delaying indefinitely the arrangement of our differences with the United States. I beg that you will have the goodness to avail yonr- self of your extensive relations in order that the.e le: tera, whieh may contribute to clear up a question des- rious results, may be repud- the that your country, im jege of publicity to that which Mr. Foulé ac 4 to me, and to whish you have given insertion ip your journal. "I feel that T may ask this fa- vor from the in and spirit of smapartaitty hg bave always diningulabea your journal, {have the ho, ‘i 4 10 NO ern A UNL EANCES ¥ VILLANUEVA, Epitom oF THB LMARtO ESPA 46), pt. 18, 1864 Manno, m with seemelt, 20° beacow the juat oulogiam | your letter | we will | We cannot avd ongbt not toconclo’s without asking ‘ore very tmportant observ {tinn, which joss flea the a topesa WHO WILD We Dave letulled thére are the two situations mag a transcendaat bas passed between Mr. greater of the Madria prees bas recently devoted ‘teeth, would be ta that Cose of the highest importance if the origin of the present coptrovery were not clesriy determined. Ie this question the Espanci; equally with the Nove- dades, the Sigio, as well a8 the £poca—journals whicb, mcopjunction with us, have lately devoted so much aitention to the Cuban question in all ite Tepe ibe been impelled to That course by as ic orinion,. proto pleamed and en cal ronoun’ Let the fata of the canny thasaiane, be End tained, whatever may be the result, leat be merely 8 pet incompatibility should arrive at more important propo:tions, BM. Soule and the French Poltce—The Pro- Jcctea Conference of American Sovercigas Frm M. Gaillardet’s Parisian Correspond "6 Pari = Courrier dea Etats Unis} = ** Mr. Soul¢, who, like the hero in the comedy, nei- a ther merited honor nor , arrived in Paina few days since, accom| by Mr. Sickles, passing on his way to the capital bh Marseilles and Ly- ops. His sojourn in the latter city was marked by a little incident which shows the importance that (16 olice of sll countries attribute t> bim in the revo- ly disembarked whea footatepe were dogged. He sad bis companion were ye le ani cor t took. # malicions presare ia the apy long menaces, by visiting S7eny past the and ie envirove. In the coun! , Soule let fall, as if by accident, a paper on he had written with a pencil, “Miserable spy, you are losing time a> vour t.ouble.” The police agent immediately ted =a E tt. = taned an up the ANG Was smeuse pique ~— Before Teentering Lyons, the two Anieiiééns eratmee up to the sirtyeia apy, and full in the face érushing contemp! that the fellow shrank from his gaze, and then asked his pardon, almest on his krees, for the coped office which he bad to discharge. He attiibuted the ne- crsaity of it to bis poverty, and exhibited appareat- ly such sincere regret, ttre two travellers took him for a guide, and c mond — hin Ishould add that on learning incident, the Minister of Foreign Affairs hastened to apprize M. Soulé through a third party that he was entirely a stranger to extreme proceeding, which ex lasi- vely originated with the de tal taust be acknowledged that Paris do things so stupidly. it does not commit itself by those excesses of zeal which M. Tallyrand regarded as one of the oe embarrassments of govern- ment. When the police are set cn one’s track im Paris, it is done properly boa sia all dae regard to S decency; you only see the smoke—that is to aay, you are ‘oly watched by spies, well fed and clothed : suum cuigue. AMERICAN DIPLOMACY IN BUROPE, The police here must be kept ratcer on the alert by the simultaneous arrival of five ministers of the republic of the United States, who happen tobe just now in Paris, namely MM. Casa, ved from me; Daniels, from Taras O Salina foom Lis bon; A. Belmont, from the ie, without count. ing M. Buchanan who is from London, and the members of the ame ot France. There is nothing, however, but. accident in the meeting of the first four of shese gentlemen, who are to take no in the conference proje:ted be- tween MM. ié, Buchanan and Mason. Tahis con- ference, of which I have already told you the object in my last letter, is decidedly fixed to take place at ine gualy of republican greed, republican le ‘This will be the first conclave of this kind in the annals of Ameriean diplomacy, and it will form aa epoch, from the importance of the subject whioh will be discussed in it. I ought to add on this occa- sion, that a perfect harmony of viows seems to be re-estal between Mr, Soulé and the cabinet at Would iovwediately send tn his resignation i the wou ly, ion least of his acts had not the full approbation of the cabinet. There have, a: , been granted to him, as the oaly, reply S paha ee aaa wers more extensive than ve ever bee yy any foreign re) tantveor the United Brates. ‘fhe resolutions that will be arrived at by the three members of the Basle Conference, one of whom belongs tothe democratic party of ae America, and the two others to the fraction a litt more conrervative, of “old fogies,” will theref: probably adopted as the counsels and a the priaci- les of European policy, by the administration uf ir. Franklin Pierce. Mr. Sickles is to be the secre- tery of the conference, ciarged with drawing up a report approved by all. lize of conduct being once laid down in its ensemble, and in cular cases, Mr. Soulé qili wait until he receives the sanction of the Washing- ten Cabinet to return to Madrid, and to pursue to its final iesue the Cuban question. Far from wish- ter who will decide it, but the 8) py ie: od "ane, aad ta tas f Rta ft a cant Ap cis a please od cath extracted from the novice, who pledges himself originated and the chiefs that it cape greet ream thing me is known. tal into consider- ation, rever, the avowed object that the new as- sociation to itself, which is to oppose itself tothe too fag ile naturalization of foreigners, aud to build up adam against the torrent of emig: which is pouring into the United States, one is led to trace a distant affinity between it and s political Poy toteg ogee some years since to sue ‘ain iteelf under the title of the ‘‘ Native ican ald poejpaices agairot foreigner, protested agelant ° ices foreigners, pi the Heal of aye = endeavored "0 ox clude from publi: employment persons o} origin. The natives, De haring found <sugee ie ma:ces sofficient support, their association was ccm pelled to dissolve itelf without having leJ to amy Know Nothin, likely to succeed Setter” w No seem than the natives, because thay f more skilfally. In place of having candidates, they confine themselves to throwing the balance thelr tadueat> oo ee i ‘Ee + ee CRESS Be 6 Hew weer a4 es 23 fs ee ea : di ef 7 ! i i iti i Eee : Fe | i F i : vote: - as this result became known, it formed the a rangni Yattid between the Know N: one “he Irish and Germans on which did ‘sot terminate for ane Politicr,{ principles appear to play but an insigf- cant par ¢ in the symbols of the Know Nothings; en sevancl ze, evil pessions, the fiercest of which is ha- tred + the Irish and the Germans, figure pr>- min atiy. Hatred of Irishmen and Germans tse for cov oliaty that of Catholicism, Sigg by the great P jc rity of the emigrants of two nations, To évpprese Catholicism in the United States, and te. vive the old lawa,which only permitted the aa'ura!- ization of the foreigneer after fourteen yeaa of a journ in the country, snch fre ths two principal ac- | tleter— the only ones, in fact—distiactly eaanctsted | tn the programme of the Know Nothings; suo ta ' the end towa:ds which they alvance, wich the cool an cacity aad fervity of which the sectanes of formar ages breqneathed them toe example. x Neither of thece two reanuits, we entectgla a fry z a i