The New York Herald Newspaper, September 7, 1854, Page 2

UR RELATIONS WITH SPAIN. Interesting Letters from Hevana--Opinions of the Eoglish Press on the Cuban Question, &o., &, OUR HAVANA CORRESPONDENCE. Havana, August 29, 1854. Arrival of the News from Madrid—Efect of the Publication of Queen Isabelia's Address to hor People—Wreck of a Slaver with Africans on board — The Ayprenticeship System—A New Ediet—Duelling in Cuba—Joy at Gen. Concha’s Appointment — Sanitary and Commercial Re ports. On the evening of the 23d the steamer Teviot, British and West India mail packet from Southamp- ton, appeared in the offiag, and 4 message was des- of General Concha, whilst the Creoles pronounce bim to be “an honest man.” Some “skipper” or other has recently given the authoritios #t Cieafue- gos “the slip,” without. paying the tees for the “Health Visit,” as it is termed, for, according to circula~ No, 54, recently published in the Gaceta, in which “circular” mention is made of the foregoing circumstance, ard in which the Captain General has ordered that the several Governors and Lieut. Governors, shall possess competent authority to col. lect these fees, and they are empowered to use all convenient means to prevent the sailing of any ves- sel whose captain has not conforned with all the port regulatone. ‘The affairs of the post office, also, appear to have attracte¢ the attention of the Marquis de la Pezuela. | The Gaceta of the 22d instant contains an official notice for the regulation of the letter carriers, fix iog the amount, (24 cents,) to which they are en titled, for tbe detivery of each letter at its destina- patched by a pilot boat from the office of the Captain of the Port, that she could enter the harbor and take her usual anchorage. We were too anxious for the intelligence from Madrid to let the nigat pass without her news. She accordingly entered port, and was visited by the usual boarding boats at eight o'clock. The Spanish official pa:kages were divtributed, and the corres- pondence for the British consulate taken in charge for that offi:e. The outsiders received their news from the lips of the distinguished Martin Galiano, late Political Seoretary for the former Captain General Canedo, with whose fame in deeds of Afri- can traffic he was identified. The intelligence, such a8 it was, doled to us in small doses, you have with all its associate incidents. We see the Qaeen’s speech of humiliation to “Spaniards;” and as it is published to us without avy of the relieving ciroum- stances, it pats Mr. P-auels ina false position. If the General had ordered the whole revolutionary events for publication in their order of occurrence, the tableau appearance would have been much better and left nothing for explanation; as it is, the people perceive the imposition intended to be forced vpon their intelligence, and give corresponding title to those who have been guilty of it. Tae news is not agreeable to those who live in the “glass house,” nd havehad their castles in the air with the ‘throne of San Fernando,” as they fear the workiog bebind the scenes, altoough toe Queen is for the present or upon the stage, ia front of the audience— asa model—bui as part of the soreen. The Diavio de la Marina, on vbe 25th inst., gives us the address of the Sesretary of War to the Queen, (Bvanito San Miguel.) and the consequent decree | of pardon, restoration of titles and honors, snd parece A to all political delinquents uader the mia- istry of Ban Louis, and not belonging thereto—of firat consequence, being tuose at the head of the present revolution. In the leat week, slaver, with several hundred Africava on board, was lost near the Isle of Pines, in a heavy |, getting on the reefs, and break- ing up immediately. Tne captain of the bark, one of the crew, and seven negroes only were saved. We have no data from whica to ascertain the num- ber on board and that have perished. The arrivala ot ie on oe COGS the cargoes be ele j are of at Tr average, as [am in- Mesedion opructinal busivess man of that city, two per week, notwithstauding the strenuous exertions ef General Pezuela to stop tne trade. The offices of trust, responsibility and profit are farmed out by his subordinate officials ia the palace to those who make the best bid in ouaces. Itis not to pepe sumed that they will permit every cargo of Afri- cana that comes to Cuba to be seized, to their in- dividual injury. Now and then one will be allowed to fall into the hands of the authorities, to keep the mind of the Marquis assured that his wo-k is going ou in faith. Out of some 28,000 Africans , ke has secured for apprentice service some- | where about 4,000—probubly less. As part of the ‘modus andi for punishment of persons sup- posed to be interested in cargoes recently—one out Of the hundreds—1 hand you a translation of a call made by the superior authority of the district of | Pinar del Rio, section first. | ‘The very excellent Governor-Captain-General has | directed “peepee in the official gazette of the gov- ernment following eaict:. Don Francisco Ruez de Apodaca Gaston de Triarte, Brigadier of Infantry, Gentleman of the first class of the | Military Order of san Fernando, Knight cf same of Isa- bel la er ne ape Tre of the Vueita Abajo, and Political and Mili sry Lieutenant-Governor of this Jurisdiction of the Nova Mllipios, &., &e., by this, my first edict, I cite, call and summon’ Don José Canela y Reventos, Ramon Cuadvenass, Juan Conill, Miguel Taxc, Samue! Comas Ramon and José Craz—the Bret, residents and mercuants of the Havans, aud the | 10 two last lessors of the Plantation Llanada—that | ‘within nine days from date hereof they preent them- elves in the jail of this town, to clear themselves of Diame that may result from ‘criminal prosecution by order of the Cap‘ain-General of tho Islaud, now being | investigated to aecertain the present location of the Doral negroes disembarked on the south coast of this district, and part of which were surprised on the Key de la Yana, certain and assured that they will have Jun- | . tice done, and not that they will not be ‘involved in ‘the penalties of the law. FR NCISCO RB. DE APODACA. Pinar del Rio, Aug. 8, 1854. By order, &c., é JOSE MARIA LOPEZ DE SAN ROMAN, JOSE ESTEBAN, Havana, Aug. 26, 1854. ‘They will not be likely to appear until the cause is determined in tbeir favor. {he old ship-of-the- Jine Soberano was towed to sea yesterday morning | by. the war steamer Pizarro, bound home, possibly, from her age, never again to cut her path through the waters ‘of the Antilles. Four officers, who were seconds jn the late duel between Sartorius and Gomucio, were sentenced by the ‘Ca; fo one month’s imprisonment “ Se at dia lay of the season, both evening was st display 0! » on account of the fury of te ‘animals, the ferocity of ‘Mexican butchers, the ravenous temper of the brilliancy of the fireworks io the flesh of brutes, and the aggregate of brute mate- made up the audience—sbsolutely over- by rapturous enjoyment of the scene. The of toe ap ain General did not patronize the tted by play: , Which was much re; the culated upon. The ers, as her presence had been ‘Deast of most elegan:e of symmetry and violence temper was saved, to become the heai of a fami- for sport of future generations of Havana taste—unlesapthey improve out of this relic of their F é 7 Hi att in 3 fy Hi 33 Bie it Epi RaiE i i barbaric origin. I bear 1d some regrets at the loss of the yenerable Goberanc, kept afloat many yeara at the cost of Caba, which left on her return vi tothe | mother land of ‘the race’ yesterday, which find under course, Romibly, of regeneration. mail steamer Isabel la Catolica arrived yes- | , and set all heartsagog with the glo- | return of José de la Concha, to be the war steamer Francisco de days. Ihave never seen anythi gleams that sprung from e eye every face asthe news epread from li rouge, our population. There was a gener. 1” leaping from Cbs heart, under one could not avoid the contagion. I , for it seemed to intimat: pieasant ant labors be‘ore me. with the iaspi- mind of Concha over us. Concha in Cuba will be much more all the troo gee iy f sent for its de- the Coffee Hecke of scoriza, on the | 5 the Tacon Theatre, yesterday, after istribution of the intelligence from Spaia, there was an immense concourse of persons assembled, and became more abundant than water. Hearing gathering, I went Prep see Pie 4 ‘were any barricades in p ogress, as I apprehen: I beard frst “vivas” for the liberty and the consti- of 1837, vivas for Concha, vivas for O’Don- nell, and death to Pezucla, which was getting quite for this latitude. There was some ex: | pectation during the last night there might be ova attack the Government House; but if it vas it did not come off. I leave open for last words, in case there should be any demonstration. I ta informed that the patriot national air, the “ Riesgo Hymn,” was sung in various parts of ‘the city last night, and that the crowds were 50 the buff-belt civil guards did not deem it pro] to interfere. othing more of note. The report of our market, which I hand ith, leaves me nothing farthe- of interest to communicate. Our health re- males as you are advised, and the prospects of the planter continue good. ADA Mas, i Havana, Ang. 29, 1854. cha’e Expected Arrival—Pezuels Disposing of ‘ia Siud~New Arrangements in the Post Office Return of Martin Galiani—The Oficial Duel - Ship Arrivals, e ‘The Captain General is understood to have sold, afew days since, his splendid team of four bay horses, which gave rise to the supposition that he was conscious that his residence in Caba would be | bot of short duration. The Spanish mail steamer | Velaaco, which arrived here on the 28th instant, c 4 | moved from his bed, whilst | spired; but considering what must have brought the intelligence that General Concha had | agvin been appointed Catain General of this i-l ind, \ end that ho might be expected to arrive within four | © five days, in the steamer ,cisco de Asis. Tho | 6, snide bese ase eassptaced at the appoin'meat tion, in addition to the post office charge, and regulating the manner in which they are to make char ge with the smaller silver coin current here. May we not eae» hope that bis Excellency’s successor will pursue this reform, £0 mach needed, of the post office, until it shall be a credit instead of @ disgrace, as it now is, to this island? It is not, L pee generally knowa in the United States that letters are rarely delivered here un‘er six hours after the mails reach the post office, when a written list of letters to be delivered is affixed upon a board, with the names of the parties to whom they are ad- dressed, and a number attached to each letter with- in the post office gate. One applies, not by name, but by the number,for the letter, and upon payment of 12} cents, if it comes from the United 8 , or of 26 cents should it have been received by the Eng- lish steamer, the letter is delivered. This high charge might with advantage be reduced. Not unfre- quently, however, letters are detained several days before they are advertised, as sforesaid, for delivery. One for your correspondent was teams detained four days before it appeared on the list, and not unfrequently, I believe, is the sacredness of the seals violated, and thus the secrets of correspon- dence made known to the government; and the party to whom anything of a suspicious character addressed is closely watched, and if detected to the slightest act inimical to the authorities, he is straightway committed to the royal jail, and when from thence discharged, ordered to leave the island within an inconveniently short space of time. Now these are matters worthy the attention of the Cap- tain General, who may not possibly be aware of all the evil and “ape | joing perpetrated under his authority, bat who not, should this letter meet his successor’s attention, have any such exvuse hereafter. There ba returned to this island Martin Galiano, former) ly Government Secretary during Genera) Canedo’s administration. Heis now ap- pointed “ Oidor,’” (a sort of judge) of the royal exchequer. His wife is the daughter of the late Mr. Scull, formerly an American merchant of this city. Marti Galiano had hoped that his conduct towards Americans generally, and especially ia re. lation to the Crescent City affair, would have placed him in high favor in Spain; but 1 am assured by un- doubted authority tbat his having married a lady with supposed Creole sympathies had neery proved fatal to hia best hopes. He had, I am tol , expected a better appointment than that of “Oidor.’ n affair of honor came off near this city the other day, between Senor Sartorius, Administrator of the Post Offive, and a “Vista,” or Custom House officer, named Gomusio, with swords. The cause of the duel is understood to be that Senor Sartorius, went to the Captain-General and complained that Gomusio’a residence at Marianao, some three leagues hence, was @ gambling house; whereu Senor Gomusio, who is a notorious gambler, chal- leoged Senor Sartorius to mortal combat. The arties met accordingly, and both were wounded. ‘he matter to the ears of the Captain- General, be tried both the jies, sentenced them each to be suspended from their offices for the space of one month, and each to be imprisoned in the Moro Castle tor four days. Senor Sartorius is re- ported to bave been too feverely wounded to be re- mor Gomusio was @ few nights afterat a grand ball given by one of the “upper ten” of this city, at Puentes Grandes. ‘he papers of this city recently instance a case of longevity, which I believe is unparalleled in the tropics, in that ot a Dona Maria Acosta, who is aive and well in this city, aged one hundred and eleven years! She isa native of Santa Cruz, Tene- riffe, and came to this island when one hundred and five years of age. There was an arrival a few days since, of forty- seven natives of the Canary Islands. Poor creatures! | but few of them will be alive this day twelve months. Experience has proved the white man cannot toi] beneath our tropical sau. The Spanish ae of war Cortes, Fernando la Catolica, and Isabel Second, arrived yesterday, the first with 82 hombres and their officers, the second with 291, and the last with 101 ditto. For a wonder, the Diario of this mo-ning says nothing about these ‘‘new defenders” of Caba, I suppose we shall have it to-morrow. POUGHEEEPSIE. " AFFAIRS TBE AIM. 23) rom the Liver imes, Aug. A number of interesting events have been taking piace in Spain since we last addressed our readers upon the state of that violently tated coustry. ere are two occurrences of recent date, which are more interesting and significant than ordinary events, and which deserve particular comment. We allude to the circumstances of the + sensa- tion excited at court by the unusual addition which General Allende Salazar made to the customary form of the oath taken by the new ministers, an the consequence of the cruel murder of a soldier by an officer, for crying out “Viea Espartero.” In the first case, when the oath had been read to Salazar by the official appointed for the pur2sse, he made the ordinary answer, ‘I swear;” but,in an emphatic manner, appended the extraordinary obli- gation, “And I swear also to defend the rights of the people.” It is said that the Queen is somewhat phlegmatic, and took no exception to the oath. The court functionaries were frightened out of their senses at so bold an innovation of court etiquette. ‘We can see no impropriety in this addition, eg; cially under the circumstances when it was made, An excited people, yet etal from the effects of miserable government which trampled upon their ri; and goaded them to desperarion, have some cl to be appeased by an oath of fidelity to their interests, as well as to the interesta of the crown. If the motive which actuated Salazar were a pure one, this breach of form akg him to be an earnest man, @ right-minded minister, and to be worthy of the position he occupies in the orem of Spain. At the present crisis, particularly, such men are wanted. The cause of liberty ia a sacred one, and all the Western Powers must recogaise the aoa, oH ery antidote to the poison of abso- lutism, w the Eastern Powers are anxious to infuse where they can exercise any sway. In the second case to which we have referred, it appears that when a battaHom was on parade at Sarnia, a village near Barcelona, the soldier who cried out “Vive Espartero,” was immediately stabbed to the heart by his hot tempered comman- dant. The act was most atrocious, and we cannot rised at the recital of the tragic retribution which it occasioned. The indignant soldiers fired upon their officers, and killed several besides the fool-hardy murderer. Ancther battalion caught the spirit of revenge, and fought to kill the colonel of the regiment. The two brothers of that officer were slain, but he himself escaped over the dead boly of one of them. The effect of the scene and the fright drove him mad, and be atiempted more than once to commit snicide. He was ultimately taken to Barcelona, and a strict wath was sct over him to prevent any rash act. Such a disastrous occurrence, arising from an ofli- cer’s reckless disregard of the life of a soldier, ought to serve asa warning against the attempt at assuming arbitrary power and undertaking execn tions withont Je; authority. Lhe regiment that tock this summary vengeance upon ita oiticers, was the Cacadores of Arap What the consequence will be. has not ie e exasperated feeling of the eoldiery on fg such an ontrage upon @ comrade, probably tae irri- tation will be soothed rather than punishment at- tempted. % . Bpaio, however, isin a very unsettled state, and it is not improbable that there may be a reiga of terror cn a small:r scale than the memorable one of France. The Qacen has been obliged to allow her | hoveehold to be completely changed, although her Majesty cffeed the in her | ogee She may have hit upon the trath when the declared that she no longer considered herselt as a reigning sovereign, but rather as a risoner in ber own palace. Espartero seems to ra- in the enthusiastic attachment of the people, and to_enjo; on of unbounded popularity. His acknowledged tact and great talents, may secure him in bia jon—a position a8 dangerous as it is elevated. Tne clubs sent a deputation to him, de- mandioy the suppression of the question of dynasty, which they aseerted could not be discussed by the Cortes. But with that demand Espartero did not choose to comply. The majority of the nation we believe to be completely satisfied upon the important agubject of the constituent Cortes, which is to revive the constiiution of 7, and which consista of only one chamber—the Congress of Deputies. Le Cortes is to meet on the sth of N- vember, and one deputy is to be elected for ever; thirty. five thousand souls. Three times the unior of secators requiyed are named by the constitnen- cies that elect depoties, and out of ea bh three | the crown eelects one. The membors of the late Senate wore suppored to have been constitated so for life; but the new elections will, of course, sweep hem away from the chamber. Theee changes can- Most strenuous opposition | not be effected obstinate contests, The | oleims ageinst a Juntes of Tad Dantas \y refuse to re | risviction when a cognise the new government; and, with ail the stiff: | its debtor a wanton fe \ ness of the Spanish G-andecs’ pride, they insist oa meintainitg the privileges. The state of Catalonis | is a cause of great anxiety and porplexity tothe | government, The disturbances which distress that country take the cha acter of freuziea mob vio e10-, | and the horrible massacre of the public Secretary at Tortora, proves that the le are | repare sto com mit the eavage work which terribly characterize! | the first French revolution. } {From the London Standard, August 19 J | Aftersix weeks of bloodshed, the Spavisb insur- regticm has produced merely the same eilect as the rejection of Mr. Disracli’s budget. Though we still | bear of riota snd murders, the violence of the re- 1 aliens etna oe over, We = i ho Seve ope for more than s temporary calin in a count cop‘aining su h elementa of discord. We will give our reasons for this convivtion, ina slignt ske’ch of the existing and preceding state of Spanish affairs. | "The present political state of Spain resembies, in one particular, the ate condition of England at the beginning of eigh*eenth century. Chis cular is the position a by the Queen lotber and the mcderados, itty years were in 8.ain but two parties—whigs and tories. The whige, the eae. of the French revolution smounted’ to 500,000, comprised the bulk of the army, beld most of the fortresses, aud occupied the lage cities and tie seaport towns. The tories, re- sembling rather the Vendesns of France than the Cavaliers of England in absolute submissiun to their clergy, were scattered, to the number of 12,000,000, over the country towns and provinces, They were separated entirely from the'r landiords, who formed a Ue ha a of the whig party. They took no part in polit affairs, and no one,dreamed | that they had any political predilections, till they | made their sppearapce swora in hand. When Naw- | leon imprisoned Ferdipand, and ove rau all but the south of Spain, the southern and by far the most cewoc atic provinces formed a constitution for the whole mes oaet This constitution Ferdinand swore to respect in 1814; this constitution he contrivod gradually to reverse in the course of six years; and this coasti- tution he was, in 1820, forced by a military insurrec- tion to re-establish. For three years Cortes | roled the country, and the whig party roled the Cortes. The Biscayen and northern pera pos- sessed some exclusive privileges, which the whigs | tried to abolish. Don Carios opposed the attempt, ‘The Biscayans rose in revolt. The whole of the peacantry, instigated by their priests, rose in de- ferce of him whom they called their oppressei King. At the point of the sword they insisted oa being reduced to slavery, and France decided the | contest in their favor. Thus it was that the war between Christina on the part of her daughter on one side, and Don | Carlos on the other, was in some respects a whig and tory war. The whigs were more willing to en- | throne a woman and & Bay than a clever, bold, and | and ambitious man; and the Queen mother came to | the throne in the name of liberty and the constitu- | tion, Christina, like Queen Anne, was far more | willing to govern in the principles of the party she had defeated than in those of the party through whom eke had compares the defeat. “Then the Christinos, as the whigs were called, split into the two parties, between whom the prerent battle is raging. From that time to this the original tories bave never materially interfered in poli- tice. All contests have been between the pro- gresistae, who, though they are ee eth are in many cases at legat disinterested, and the Moderados, who, headed by the Queen Mother, hav- ing made the cause of liberty serve their tarn, are quite content to let it rest. The whole state of so- ciety in is disorganized. Seven or eight years ago the editor of a slang newspaper, resembling the Satirist, was elected Prime Mister. ‘There are strong laws to «heck the license of the press, but they are | never putin force. We do not know ofa single in- corruptible Spanish paper, or of one which does not pul libels, which libels are sometimes written by | persons of the highest rank. Within the last ten years (and we have no reason to believe that things have red) any. of the (Cortes | | were ‘hot engaged smuggling con: | traband goods into Spain, and would, of course, oppose any redaction in the duty on | those artic But though the expenditure it one- | third greater than the revenue, and the national | | debt thrice more oppressive than our own, it is not | | from such causes as these that we anticipate a | | troubled future for Spain. It is from the enormous | | distance between 1] stage of society which the | progresistas have reacked, and that at which the | | absolatists remain. There are in Spain no such means of communication as exist in other coun- tries. The cspital is in a state of morbid ac. | tivity, and the provinces in @ condition still of | mobia torpor. One has improved on the leasons of the French revolution, and is a feeble represen- tation of Paris under the reign of the clubs; the other bave forgotten the little that the French ia- vesion taught them, and resemble Torkey before the Russian izvesion more than anything else. While the rabble of Madrid were pursuiag the speculations of Mirabeau and Voltaire, the peasa at) of Navarre were proclaiming the Virgin generalissi- mo of the Carlists. To them the name of political | liberty is odious; in that name they lost the Ne- therlands and South sk colonies, and in that name they were overrun by the French army. The present change of ministry is a compromise with which the more ardent of the progresistas ae dis- satisfied. A Carlist pretender is lurking outside Spain. General Espartero is no man to rule under a crisis. His enemies have accused him of criminal ambition, and his friends tet iow what seemed ambition was but irresolution. re are plenty of ambitious men in Spain. What may be the destiny of the country it is impossible to say, but it will not | for many years be peace or prosperity. | THE SPANISH POLICY OF FRANCE AND } ENGLAND. } [From the London News, Aug. 19. i Ualy rumors are in circulation relative to the | intentions of the English and French governments | asregards Spain. As yet they are sufficiently vague | and varying in form. Sometimes it is said that the | French ‘and English Ambassadors at Madrid have | received instructions to protest barnett ainst violence to any members of the ily of 2 Isabella; which, being interpreted, means to com- mand the representatives of the Spanish people not to adopt judicial measures for making the Dowager | Queen Christina disgorge a portion of the wealth of | which she has robbed nation. Sometimes itis | said that the Ambassadors have been instructed to | hint delicately, that though France and Eagland will not interfere in the internal affairs of Spain, 80 long as the principle of monarchy is not Se grt ee | by. the changes now in progress, they will not remain indifferent to apy attac! oe that princi- ple. This would be m e ing, in the of diplomacy, the same intention attributed to two governments ip the rumor previously noticed— | intimating their determination to interfere in the strictly afer affairs of Spain, for the purpose of | insuring fmpunity toa woman of the most dap; | ous degraded character. It is to be hoped that | both reports are equally destitute of foundation; | but should the governments of France ani En; land have entertained the monstrous idea of dictating to the Spanish people that they shall not bring to jas tice a notorious public offender, or should they have | entertained the equally monstrous idea of dictating to heme roe people the form of government they are to adopt, not 8 moment ought to be lost by the friends of hberty and national indepeneence be- | fore they register their solemn protest against an in: tention £0 inconsistent in the champions of the na- tional in?ependence of Turkey. Let us consider the intention attributed to the governments of France and England by the rumor iu the form first noticed. It is said that the uation- al indignation against the Dowager Qneen of Spain has been so strongly and 80 universally expreesed,that ‘the authorities have been compelled to acquiesce in her detention within the kingdcm, until a judicial | | | prices shall have decided whether she is or is not be obliged to diegorge @ portidn of her public plunder. Now, when we look back upon the Euro: pean history of the last t +o centuries, we find, in the | Orst place, that such juriediction bas been ex by independent nations, not oly over members of the reigning family, but over the actual soy | and in the second place, that all attempts of foreign | governments to control or prevent the exercise of | this jarisdiction have been unavailing, and preg- navt with the most disastrous consequences. When Charies Ginny a om Was raised to reseve or aven| im by any Earopean power. Whea Louis baud and his Queen fell, the aterfet | ence of He powers to rescue and avenge them mnaivly contributed to France to that wild and passionate aszertion of its right ot self-government, which shook down for a time every government of | continental Europe. Resting upon these two pre- cedents, we would be entitled to argae—evon were Christina a a and persecuted saint—that France and England have no right to interfefe be- tween her and the Sparish people, and that any such interference can only lead to the awakening fof confusion and unprofitable destructive strife in | Western Europe. Bot in her case the inter firence would be doubly indefensible; for it is notoricus that fora long tract of years she has been the Ate of Spain—the stirrer up of inter- ba) dissension ond war to gratity her own luxurious #rd malignant disposition; and that, tiiagh she bas long ceased to be sovereign, she bas not ceased dusing the whole cf that period to drain into her private coffers the revenue of the State. Her per- ecnal bso ben not threatened; the nation mecely insist upon her refasding in part what she has stolen from it. Mucho. that Argot gold has al- ready been sqnendered away upoa her infamous leasures; but she hes funda in reserve, derived | rom the bribes she received to connive at the slave trade which the Spanish rovernment was bound by, treaty to supprers, il the English oabi- net, which bas jeclaved that it has no jarie | mained more then five minu! G@overpment, assert a ju- ment ae femsle peoulator, who is @ va. turetized Spapiard? Wil the Eugl sh government, which maining a squadron oo the west coast of Africa to suppresa the slave trade, eacroach apon the nationel iudependence of Spain to essare to the petroness of the Cuban slave traie the possession cf the money earned b; nefarious commerce? With regard to the against the French and English goveroments, of an intention to proveut forcibly the Salat, of any but a monarchical poverpment Spain, such intesfereace ont eir part woulc be, if possib'e, etifl more discreditabie tben even an attempt by bullying toseoureimpunity Sor the wife of Munoz It would be in the first piace ap avtof 106s avd glaring ny pcorisy. France assa: ted succerefully ite right to adopt republican institations in 1848, and monercbical institutious in 1852; and baving done ro is bound to 1 the same right in the Spapish people. Ea, has recognized in turn every form of government that France has seen fit te adopt since 1820, and is bound to extend the same tolerance to Spain. And, more than tiis, neither the French nor the English governments believe at this moment that _ is the sli Danasmeonene oan ype cal endan; in Spain. A crusade 8 pain, ender the pretext of fighting the battle of monarchy, would be ip reality « crasade to save ftom deserved punishment a public pecalator, the wife of s private nobleman whose titles have not been earned in the most reputable manner. And assuredly such bh; tical conduct on the part of the French and governments would meet with ite due reward. Is Napolesn III. prepared to encroach upcn the independent natlonality of Foain, having before bis eyes the warning ples of the fate of his uncle, the Sinee deat elder Bourbons, and Louis Philippe ? Is Ezgland prepared to Javish its wealth and the blood of ita sone in order to force a wantos Dowager upon the Spanish people, after ita experience of the cost of attempting to perpetuate the Bourbon dynasty in Frence, and of the ingratitude with wi its ee were repaid by that imbecile and stolid race RUESIA, SPAIN, ENGLAND AND THE UNITED STATES. [From the Liverpool Journal, Aug. 19. 4 oscar Pierce is getting his chance at ee will e seize He bes been a remarkably elow President. Whe- ther out of deference for his digestion, or re for the Monroe dcctrice, it is q certain he dis- Paynter all those Amtericans who hailed his elec- tion as the advent of a new era, in which the States were to be “ brought out” and to make their début in European society. We, oureelves, confess to have reatly misconceived General Pierce; and we are und to bold responsible for the conservative ter- ror to which various European potentates and pre- miers gave themselves up on the defeat of Webs’er, those American j who were induced, by false pretences, to support a conditional great 6 ates- man who, with mi itary instinct, has turned out meitly a Derby: President. A great opportunity now occurs; ard as Ameri- can politics are a sort of foreign politics endured ia England—becauee their commercial bearings are directly applicable—the points may be discussed with some advantage in thia ccmmunity, At one and the same moment, Spain is being forced to offer Cuba, and Russia is offering her Rus- sian American territories to the United States—for @ consideration. How will England be effected? Obviously England will be beneficially effected. Cuba the property of the States, we couid save the African squadron, which costa peceely £1,000,000 per annum (and, be it ol |, Christina supported the slave trade, and that this Christina, whom our ambassador at Madrid is endeavoring to save from apoore, costsus this money.) We may have some blight fishery and Hudson Bay Company interests that would not be improved by the Yankees, with a desire to quarrel sometimes, still farther bugging round our treaty would settle all that—the period for which ‘we can live in peace out in those unnatural direc- tions would not be custailed by the new circum: stances. But our English classes take views, in such matters, which are not the views of commercial common sense, but the views of politi- cal etiquette; and it is notorious that our F 2 éffice has moved all ita machinery to keep Cuba for Spain; while it isa legitimate guess that Con aad ervment is at this moment anxiously represen i: in every proper quarter, that no areas ought to coral y, 8 5 lsgiory into = rith he United cordingly, we get a ecrape with tl States, which is want we mean when we speak of Gen. Pierce’s grand 0 ty Spain cannot keep , unless the great Powers help her to keep it; and the great Powers havea strong tendency to he)p her out of vexation with M. Soul¢, States Ambassador at Madrid, who is ct wiih ‘constitating himself the guide, pbil ; end friend of all the anarchical and scoundrel revo- loticn‘sts of Europe—those revolutionists being at present tolerably represented in the Spanish capi- tal by the professional barricaders who flocked there on bearing that there wasa chance of work for them. M.Soulé could not very well do anything but what he isdoing. Ifa Spanish republican goes to him ard says, “ & republic is the thing for my ccuntry,” you could not expect Soulé to dispute with him; he ‘would say, “My nation sympathises with Eurcpean republicans; and we, of course, be- lieve a sepublic would be best for all enlight- ened peoples such as yours; but my business in Madrid is to wind my nation’s business, not This is all that Soulé appears to have |, and ali that be has done is to be civil to alien pastes and revolutionists; though people—w that actual native position which Spapisn ambassa- dors took at the Court of England when 5; was sustaining the Papacy a; the Reformation. Yet the persopal horror M. Soulé is great politicians; and as he, or his, insult and wounded a relative of Eugenie, Empress of the French, whe knows but that reason alto may affect Louis Napoleon’s views (which our English ‘statesmen are obliged to adopt, mem. cop.) with reference to Cuba? TheFvench reasons of grand esiage for withholding Caba | from the States are ved in Louis Napoleon’s solid smbi:ion to look omnipotently in the eyes of Frenchmen—in bis expressed determination to do in the West what he is doing in the East—insist on the obeervance of treaties, The English reasons for dreading the tranafer are in this anticipation of the ag, that as Cuba now is to New Orleans, s> would Jsmaica be to Cuba, viz.: am object of admi- ration and envy. We may have a “Turkish question” on the other side of the Atlantic any day—when we are getting tired of the weary old gentlemanly style of warfare golpg on in the Black and Baltic geas. Bat, of course, the American President could stop the eailing of a French and English force by an cient Russia never thought of resorting to; could offer, and it is understood that he will offer, to buy Cuba. The United States are made up of purchasee—purchases from the Indians, and from the French and the Spaniards; and there is nothing novel in General Pierce being an Alexander as a matter of traffic, and in a businesslike way. The Spavish government (whatever its form or oh ion) could scarcely refuse the Wg for great want of Espartero at t! moment is money—it is money, and money's power, which O'Donnell demands when he insists on keeping Christina locked up until she bleeds, (not on a scaffold, itis to be hoped.) And what objection could England or France make? None reasonable; none, at least, the Americans would think reasona- ble. Louis Nspoleon, perhaps, would not be sorry that the new Cuba should be Jamaica—the circum- stance would render the English court still more affectirpate to him than it now is. The Czar is reported--in a New York paper, which ‘| is extensively read, solely because, desvite its bad character, it gives news early and relisble—to have sent an emissary tothe government at Washing. ten, proposing a sale the Russian territories in North America, avd urging, diplomatically, a e cf Cuba, The Czar waots money, and Wants to :pite Engiand; it is therefore he offers to “tell islands, which abut on ours, in the frozen and useless north, it is vot at all likely that the pe: ment of General Pierce—which we fully be- eve to represent the calm, powerful but negative public opinion of the States—will accept the offer, unless, indeed, he should ask a “ridiculously amall’ nice. But with regard to the Russian hint about Suba,we hesitate to believe even after many proofs of dulness and stupidity, that the Czar can have been so silly ; and we are sure that General Pierce will pre the friendly insinuation the respect which The moral of this story of complications is a very practical one. Let as ta Bogland take care that socret diplomacy does not drag us into» Gegraee or a difficulty in connection with matters sh to Us, a8 a people, are matters of perfect indifference. Fart or A Mergorn— Mr, A, T. 0. writes to the Maine Farmer, from North , that on S, strening of AS seems of the a ct that place had t jeasure of witnessing a very besutitel ow well a8 remarkable exhibition of natu- tal fireworke. ont Bair past bay ry , & meteor avpeoted in the southwest, at an ily Don twent, degrees, the par 4 in size and bril- cael Fay Need ‘arom ¢ the beavens. apparen sixty le fs it jg ph peed aroy ony diminishing its tiiliancy, but continued to move on about thirty écurees farther or nestly to the east, when it dia. 8p] ested with sn inclint towards the earth, like asprnt ball. 1. B. C. writes to the Transcript that a vlealler erratic phenomenor was observed at Na- hast on the evening of the 30th inst., and states that after the meteor had passed out of view, a bril- Hart zig-zag line of light, very clearly defined, re Yea—long enough t~ diction when its own subjects a3 creditors press , edmit of examination tuong® a telescope. forth American frontier; but a | Fabrication of Paper. * The following correspondence between the de- partments of the Treasury and Board of Trade, in Englacd. ia regard to the increasing scarcity of the materials for the fabrication of paper, has been,re- cently pub ished in a Parliamentary paper:— Tarasury Coambens, Feb. 13, 1854. £rm—I am commanded by the Lords Commission- ere of ber Majerty’s Treasury to acquaint you t at it has been represented to their lordabips that great ard ncreasipg scarcity has been felt cf late in ob- taining sup, of the raw material of paper con: sisting not rply of rags, but also largely of the refuse «f cotton and flux milla, It is sated thet within the last tep years the prices of these articles have greatly advenced, that rags can be imported from ovly a few parts of Europe, and that as there is no reguler apd open market for rags and the other materials used in the manufacture of paper, increased demand and high price do not forth increased supply, as in cther articles of commerce frem sbread. , Wi'b a view to diminish the inconvenience thus felt, it bas been suggested to my lords, that her tuin is formation. and prooufe samples of, vegetable forma and prooure sam fibre ix their poms g localities, applicable to the mabufactare of pope. In doing this, it would have to be borne in mind that the great essential of euch ap astivie must be its « heapn to cover the bigh freights now preveilirg, and which, it may be anticipated, will prevail for sometime. A3 the pature of tie article, my lords are informed, os — the exception of i Seti = gusny geing, e' descr — re is BOW capable of being 4 ftp perkins for fine payers. Fibrous reeds and rushes, tte inner bark of apy trees, and eeyeral kinds of vegetable fibre in warm or tropical countries, are substances likely to be of service, especially where they could be im- ported as dunnage smong the 0, or in compres- sed bales; but quantity and stead! of supply are ersevtial. As regards price, my lords fe cil that if the article could be laid down so as to cost trom 2d. to 240. per pound, when purified and b'eacbed, without re: koning the cost preparation, re — be sufficiently low to auswer the purpose ip view. My lords request that you will bring this subject under the consideration of the Lords of the Commit ice of Privy Council for Trade, and move toeir lordships, if they concur in the expediency of the inguiry here suggested, to communicate on the sub- ject with the Foreign Office, in order that the ne- ceseary circular instructions may be issued to her M-jesty’s consuls abroad, to carry out the objects acveted to. Iam, &. AMES Jas. Boorn, Esq., &c. Orrics or Comurrrze or Privy Counort FOR TRapE, WHITEHALL, May 27, 1854. Sin—With reterence to your letter of the 13th of February, on the subject of the faiing supply of waterisls for the increasing manufacture per, Tam cirected by the Lords of Committee of Privy Couneil for Trade to acquaint you that they have brought the matter unger the notice of the Depart- ment of Science attached to this board, aud they bave also obtained the report of the officer in charge of the scientific correspondence relative to the vege- table productions of India, through the medium of the India Board. Tem directed to enclose the communication re- ceived from Dr. Lyon Playfair, and from Dr. Forbes Royle. Iam, &., J. EMERSON TENNENT. Jauzs Wizz0N, Eaq., &c. Invi Boarp, May 15, 1854. Srr—In reply to your letter of the 19th alt., en- closing a letter addressed to the Board of Trade by the Treasury, respecting the procuration of raw material for the manufacture of paper, I am direct- ed by the Commissioners for the Affairs of India to tranemit to you a report by Dr. Royle, received from the East India -House upon this subject, in WILs0n. compliance with the object apres in your fet ter. Ibave, &o., '. N. REDINGTON, Sir J. E. ‘Tanner, &e. Boazp or Traps, April 19, 1854. Srr—I am directed by the Lords of the Commit- tee of Privy Council for Trade to forward you a- copy of 8 communication received from the Lords of her Mejesty’s Treasury, and to request that the Commissioners for the Affairs of India may bring it under the notice of the chairman and directors of the Honorable East India Company, with a view to obtaining the opinion of Dr. Forbes Royle, the offi- cer in charge of the scientific correspondence re- lating to the vegetable productions of India. N TRNMENT. we, &0., ls Sir T. N. Reprxeron, &c., &c. MEMORANDUM ON MATERIALS FOR PAPER MAKING PROCURABLE FROM INDIA. In reply to the reference from the Lords of the Committee of Privy Council tor Trade, requiring my cpinion respecting increased sup of raw materials for paper woking, 1 beg to be allo ved to ob:erve that it is a subject on which I have of late becn frequently consulted, and have communicated much cf the following information:— t Payer, it is well known, is in Europe made chiefly cm linen or cotton rags, but also the refuse and sweepings of cotton and flax mills, as also of tie coverings of our cotton bales and of worn-out sopes. But paper is also made from the stems and leaves of many grasses, as frem rice straw, and from the bamboo by the Chinese, and of late from ccipmcn straw in this country, and even from wood shavings. The fibrous part of many lily and aloc- Jeaved plants have been converted into excellent paper in India, where the fibres of tilisceous, mal- vaceous, and Teguminous plants are employed for prediran Bott sector A) Himalayas, one of the lace bark tribe is similarly em layed, din China one of the m tribe, an: nettle in Hol- land. I mention various sources, because plants belcnging to the same families as the above abound in India and other warm countries, and are — bd yeas - a, Pec and eres fal ig supply ciently cheap and very excellent materials for making is Some 2 el of all kinds. | may be used without any further process of bleach. ing, but allare capable of having any color the; wovid ot except the Juke r quny dag would not exce} canvass or > 1g, because hate seen of jute of a autiful silky white, both plain and manufactured into fabrics for funiture, &c., .as shown by the late SE Ee a mal per of rice straw, ap shoots of the Fiiaboo, while the Hindoos mske ropes of different 5 beets Saccharum Sara,) strong enough for their sian wieels, as well as for towing lines, it is evident that these aud probably others con- tain a sufficiency of fibrous material for e paper | i bi Mac A e, the urT es uch secount, for their w forms cbief food for cattle; but as the country abounds with grass (ene which are in the autumn of every year down in order that the Poors blades may up and afford pastarage for cat- Ue, it is evident that there are many situations where a sufficiency might be cut down before it has become perfectly up, and converted into half- stoff for paper 5 Of the sedges, also, some sre, in India, emplo; for waking ropes, as the Bhabhur or Veta Cannabuium, for making rope bridges for crossing some of the hill torrents. The pay we know, was used by the tians for » but it was gether under pressure. us, as the Re pe legetum, are Well seeei fr oat akg iarge — ‘tt as rushes ant it would be quite possible in many places turn them ih ce te of th ld abound lapy par 6 world in the lily and alce-leaved va which have been alluded to shove, and of w igever ‘aloes Yarse;, Batevione ave, 0@, owe re, all bs ‘mbich abou r) le to various useful the tow might be aed for M s‘derable sopplies obtaine3. from the Sanéeniera in Trichinopoly, Cpe erg agave alone, also unny bess. ‘An oor cultivated plants there is probabl, nothtt ft Yor nog paper of ‘altost every, Gu ty aa the for mal o plaintain (Mase Paradizaies) 20 caltivat- fie no edin all tropical countries on account of which the fibre-yieldin; each of which must be yearly yield from three to four pounds textile fabrics, for rope making, ture of paper. As the fruit alt #e8 of the culture, this fibre cou! afforded cheap rate, as from the nature of the plant, ing only of water and fibre, the latter estily be d. One planter calculates could be a d for £9 13s, 44. per ton. Syme ueefal and tongh kinds of paper have beea made from the plantain, and some of finer quality from ibe some material ee Ey non 1 plants w we been already mentioned ere iid of true bark, and are called endogenous in shuctme, preasure between rollers, and vasbirg, woold appesr to be sufficient for the ration of the fibies of most of them. Bat the lowing families of plaxts are all of true bark, which requires to be atripped off, usnal!y after tbe etema ave been steeped in water, before their respectiveHbree can be ceparated from the rest of ‘ue vegetable matter, se ite BEE HE [ 4 z ‘The flex abounds im fibre, but valuable to be converted into 3 ever, grows immense quantities of the count of its seed, (| ed.) which somed in the country and exported ia quantities, bat nowhere is the fibre wu ped acccuct. This is, no doubt, owing to the cl not favoricg the formation of soft ava flexible but the short fibre whica ie f-rmed. and migi making, an to the agrioulturis;'s without much additional cutlay. i 8>ecme malvaceous jlants a-e cultivated o count of their fruits being used as arti-les of as ckbro (hibiscus esbulentus,) of the West I: and cf the United States The ram-turai of || is closely ich An} Se aed te ae col hos purposes. "8 joe flexible f afford a conse Met leh 7 especial ff th afford a consicerable sup; ly, ly 1 | Vetion wae exter ded inthe’ hborbood of to: is made from a species of hibiscus in Ja; ap tof te aa acteprnd i are oO coun’ calyxes. Nume other species et nitens of aa, and of o gerera of thw femily, abound in warm lim feveral are cultivated in different count bibisous connabintus in India, and lida tit efoli China; more might be so. They grow quickly, to a large size, and abound in fibrou material q fine, eoft, flexible quality, on which account ¢ mipht ‘be cultivated with prolit, and the to useful to the paper maker. ‘The filiacew sre likes iae remarkable for the at dazce and fine [ore which mauy of th contain. Filla Europa juces the enormous qa tities of bass exvorted Russia. Corchoras torivs and cor capsularia, the leaves of bj of which are used as a vegetable, yield the | supply of jute imported into this country, as wel the gupny cloth and base ra qpecocr py to Am ca. Several of greivia yield edible fruit,| which accoun' are cultivated. Others abou in the jungles, and most would yield a valuable fit as acme of them ady do, yrs Pi rope bridges in the Himalayas. The fibre of P comes aculeata lero the Exhibition why € y 68 being r mm 3 thon colorless, it wante strength. eh or Several plants produce large quantities of a sill cotton-like substance, not applied to apy use, au as the silk-cotton tree, the mudar of India, and veral rpecies of saccharum, which might be colleq ed where Jabor is chesp, and would no doubt well fitted for conversion into pulp for paper. Among the nettle, the mulberry, bread fraj tribes of plants, there are many which seem we calculated to yield material for paper making. T: Chinese, we know, employ the foner bark o¢ moru now Bronponetia yrifera. Tuis, no doubt, prq duces some of the paper, which is remarl able for toughness. I belisve tvat the refuge cu! tings of the bush cultivation of the mulberry Bengal might be turned to Profitable account. Ta barks of many stinging (Urtisa), and of sting pl cab nettles abound in flores remarkab for strength ; the tow of these mizht be converse inte. paper atuff, if not required for mixing wit wi 00! The weeds of tropical countries whjch grow such luxuriance, esc which ee species o sida, of greivia, of corcho us, of triumfelta, and 0’ many otber genera, might wep es an abundance o fibrous material if the refuse of the above caltivate: planta was found not to be sufficient. Some simple machinery for separating the fibre would gre facilitate ws, while the expenses of freight might be inisted by compression, or, as sug: ope by Lagpeted Bn! material \elarey a nd he cheapness of , a8 of everything else D of these countries, would enable material for pap making to be brought here in great abundance and] ata sofficiently cheap rate, it- ordinary pains were] taken by the consumers in Earope to encourage the] planter or colonists of a distant region. Ihave, &., J. East India House, May 3, 1854. DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND ART, Srr—I have delayed ae tot before m—I have delayed rep! to ate pa of the Board of Trade, dated the 14th of Toten relating to the raw material for making paper, order might consult some of the leading man- ufacturers on the subject of the inquiry. Having done this through Mr. De la Rue, I have now the honor to report as follows:— 1. It is unquestionably true that there isa great and increasing scarcity of the raw material used in Police cause Sf this scarcity in spite of an increased . 8] an demand, would appear to depend on the circum- stance that the raw material of paper making is in reality the product of the wear and tear of a sub- stance of very advanced manafactare, and depend- ing for its quantity on the collateral causes waioh . — a fl heed or pa mee in ~ latter. lence the stoppage or auspension of co and linen manofactures is sufficient to account oce: Thos the pay outs of Wi ing of Balfat would a) : depressicns OF the lepens ie deman been than canbe su; ‘onsEs ROYLE. Daper ‘makers by the leas in- the manufactured the quaket. both os to repos ead rice, by wie 1e s as en ice, holding their stocks; but these influences cam only be 7 ptm and cannot be persevered in for long relation or ite genat ag hon tod ihe fac alo, hat he growing te for ler a ler ra! i Ri Fi f iE fee t ff iE By li i etek i] Bes uf Fr | ay ife factare yaper, and that an inquiry on this subject would be weal. have, &., Sin J. B. Tennent, &c., &c. a self-accused murderer told comer aion of te orlme ahd the ciron! an elon ae dis ie ed a well nected story, and located it among persons things which had areal tangible Scilonce. poor wretch is in bis grave, and his str ‘ange will probably remain pies “Piladelphia Bulletin, Sept. 1s MeLanxowony Casvaury IN CHaReston, 8. 0— bout re ten o'clock yesterday forenoon, Mr. tum teased by Solon, freon feos et of to m Ce yellow fever, ol third story window of his boar: dina! house, at Mr, Lynch’s, in Market, between Meeting and King street. An inquest was held by C De Veaux, and & verdict rendered in avcordance with the fore- going facts, Mr. Knox was a printer by peer and was mre in the office of the Caarleston Mercury, He was intelligent and gentiemadly in his deportment, and esteemed bj his ac juaintanoos. —Charieston Mereury, Seqt. 1, .