The New York Herald Newspaper, July 17, 1854, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON PROPRIEDUR AN) E OYPICD XN. W. COANER OF NASSA) AND FULTON Br. Tar . ¢ conte net uy FT Ber en Dewey daturday ae > he Ensues bom M peran tin ABS Wany partof the wed every day. No. Was —<—AMUSEWS.1S THIS EVEVING. a vr Rowan. YRY SHEA TRB rx Doomens on Cnium Rast €aSTLE GARDEN Be a. NISLO'S—Seswvia’k “Ra x m--Bavenooensve--Tax AMERICAN WE Brecths WRinwG ROOM By-ot ORSICA+ KROTHERS. CHRIS’ V3 5M) RI PARA HOUSE, 472 Broad. Smaneriay es Ruibyy e Osea way. WOOMS MINSTREL W Minsrheiss Avy Be wes & 444 Rroadway~ Ermorran + Oreu A, E. 589 Vroadway.—Bvor ry BUCKS Ra's oPR agy’s krusoriay UP Sew York, Mondey, Jury 1 _. The Sew Yous Bunarn ba» now the largest cireaadon at aay daily joarna) mm Zurops or Am rice. The Dally Anes circulotes nearly sizty fwousand seats yer tay. The Weekly vditions—published on Saturdey and Sun @ay—resed a ciroulstion of nearly cexnty howsand sneete gre ween. ‘Bho aggregsve weur of the Heracp establishmert is adeet four Augdred towsand sheets per week, or ever Peete maionags sreote py apnum “laste fur Hasupe. WEW YORK HRRALD—KDITION POR RUROPE. The Cunard mail steamship America, Captain Lang, ‘wl eave Boston on Wednesday at 12 o’clock M., for Liv expool. ‘Fhe European mails will close ip this city a®-quarter ‘tw three o'clock to-morrow afteraoon, The Wieciy HERALD, (printed in #rened and English,) '& willbe published at half-past nine o’clock to-morrow morn'ng. Single sopies w wrappers, sixpence. Babscriptions and adversisements for aay edition wf the Mew Yorx Liens» will be received at the following pincer «, op Severe -: Ravenrta.;-Jobin Miitter; No. 2 Paradine street. Lospon ....EAwarda, Sandford & Vo., No. t7 Vornbill. Wm. Thomas & Co, No. 19 Cathorine street. -Livingston, Wells & 0o., $ Place de la Bourse. ‘The News. THEVAPAN TRRATY, ETC. Our readers are well aware that we ‘bave from ‘time to time, through the letters of our correspond- ents, documentary history, and other sources, kept ‘them well informed as to the geography, traffic, man: Bers, customa and peculiarties of Japan and ita in- habitants, and we have.also kept them posted up in everything rlating to the movements of the Japan squadron. We have heretofore pub- Wished the principal points of the ‘treaty, or con- vention, negotiuted by Com. Perry with the imperial commissioners appointed by the chief ef that isolated and singular people, and the pub- Ho sre now enabled to form an intelligent opivion regarding the advantages that we asa na tion may derive from the efforts of our government to exteud the trade and navigation of the countrs, dy perusing the treaty itself, which is given entire on the first page of today’s paper. Atteution is Hikewise directed to the paper on the Northern De pendencies of Japan, which will be Yound exceed- ingly interesting. MULTALITY OF THE CrTY. . The report of the City Inspector, giving the nun - ber of deaths, and the diseases which caused thei, is published elsewhere. The annexed tabular state- ment gives a view of the mortality during the past seven weeks, compare? with that of the same period in —— Week RV . Denths. Cholera. 15 1% 4 408 M4 420 aT 437 4 617 73 761 os sit 7 during tho cholera season, the deaths rua up to 1,000, 1,200 and 1,400 per week, in a popula- lation of at least one hundred thousand loss than we now have. According to the accounts from other parts of the country, New Yark has less edbolera than any other city in the Union, OX THE INSIDE PAGES We give tluce days later news from Caba; sn ar- ticle on the trade of the South; letters from Boston, Byracure and Prederioksbarg, (Va.); Army Intelli- gence; Execution in Alabama; Another Tufernal Machine; Licit. Maury’s Letter on the Isthams Routes to Califorvia; The Wool Trade; Interestinz to Sporting Men; the crops throughout the country; Deaths of Prominent Actors; Commercial and F ancial news; Advertiscments, and a vast quantity of other interesting matter. LATER FROM HAVANA. ers of our correspondents, containiny ter news from Havana, will be foand in unother part of today’s paper. The British steamer Solent bad arrived with dates from Mexico city to the 2d of July. In the comeapondence of the Diariv dele Marina it is positively asserted that General Alvarez had died near Acapaleo, but we necd hardly say that until this is confirmed it must be regarced with distrust, especially when the chanvel throagh which it comes is taken into consideration. Our own advices from Acapulco are | of a later date then thee received at Havana, and we have seuwon to believe that the gallant chioftain ‘will be found ere long within the capital itself. If, e has fallen a prey to disease, there e his place. THR PRVEBELLY ANSON CASE. Justice Welsh on Saturday examined Charles A. Pevereliy and the boy Theouere, his brother, on tie ebarge of attempting to Are their store on the 6h imst. The mayistrate refused bail in the case ot the elder brother, ani required bail in $9,600 for the boy. A report of the official examination qill be found in another column. TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT. A movement for the betior observance of the Sab- dath, and for the suppression of intemperance, has ‘deen going on in this city, and in Brooklyn, Wil- Namsburg,.and Jersey City, for several weeks past. On Saterday the liquor dealers, and others who Ihave heretofore carried on a small trafic in gingey, pop and segars on the Lord's day, were notified hy Abe authorities of the respective cities that the or @inences prohibiting said traffic would heaceforth te rigorously enforced. In this city the liquor sellers, with the exception of the hotels and the restanrauts on the European plan, very generally complied with the notification, But the Raropeaa pion did a flourishing businers. Every individual whore digestive organs were capable of mastering thet singular production of natare termed a six penny* beefsteak was thereafter considered o “boarder,” and entitled, by the statute In such ease made and provided, to swig an un Yimited quantity. In Williamsbnrg the gro shops, with few exceptions, were closed. In Brooklyy shops of every description stopped busi. hes, au ft was cif t to proonre even a glass of godn Water or a segnr--tve apothecaries, too, con Gned themselves stricly to their legitimate he, This inindeed ant e It is iar be that the proper woth rit’ ss shoald entoree ea Jawe, and thereby seoare pesce aad order, tha porn lat a treet nations #yontd stir np stri”e ane convention by posting Vomselves befrre the doo adaerder, and by their iaten nga s Cat soteand not unfrezoently b! podshe Another ovement bas commenced in Ohio, woich is worthy wate bal pose of devising man+t insur @ g’eaver purity in the beverages. The proceedin:s of the meeting May be ound i: another column. ATER NEWs FKOM BDROTE. The steams ip Franklinleft Hivreom heSthiust., | ) and the Niagara eft Liverpool om the 9 h instant, and we may, therefore, at any heur, rece.ve later intelligence ‘rom Eurepe. Congress and the Admin\stration—Wore Vi tuen Hetchmg—Phe Long sesson andthe | Bpetlewmen—Lignt Aacad, | Oliver Cromevell was a public benefactor. This wes strikingly illusira.ed in the ad oura- ment which Ae carred, »: et armis, of the Leng Varliament. It was a good thing. All historiuus eoueur upon this point. Itis alse a geod thing that theConstitution of the United States bes fixed a Iait to the sittings of Coa- @ress, ad requires the election of a new House of Representatives every two years; for, othor- wise, in their intrigues und wranglings for tue spoils, our lawgivers at Washingtou would soon require the intervention of an Oliver, when we buve neither an Oliver nor an Okl Hickory to give them. The wisdom of the framers of the Constitution in sending buck the members of the House every two years to the judgment of the people, is thoroughly coafirmed by the pre- sent loug and unprotitable session, Thauks to their immediate accountability to their constituents, however, and thanks to the saving di: tion of onr speech-making servapts, thislong and eXhausting session is drawing to a close. We are now iu the eighth month, but early in the ninth, and close upon the heels of the dog-days, we are promised that the mem- bers'of the two houses. shall be disPerSed again anfohg the sovereign people, “to render an ac- count for the deeds done in the body” to which they*may respectively belong. The catalogue of speeches and reports for the session is over- whelming, but the ealendar of useful public business discharged is particularly small. A month, or two meaths at most, of ordinary working, would have been quite sufficient for the exeeution of the whole chapter disposed of ? since the first Monday in December. We have the Nebraska bill, the six war steamers and the Adadeden treaty. The ten millions ef acres vot- ed to the lundtic asylums of the country have been vetoed by our strict construction Presi- ‘dent, and there are some other bilts which, if passed, will meet the same fate. A hundred millions of acres, on the other hand, voted to the railroad land and stock jobbers, could they be log-rolled through both houses, would be cheerfully approved at the West End, from the newly discovered broad distinction which the constitution makes in favor of the land jobbers and against all lunatics and penniless squatters, “Oh! Liberty, what crimes are committed in thy name!” Qh! Constitution, what conve- nient corruptions are practised in thine! Within the last few days, the House and the Senate have been devoting their attention to business. We may now rely upon the passage of all the regular appropriation bille. We have had six war steamers ordered to meet the contingencies of a war threaten- ed by the Cabimet organ with Spain, Eng- Jand and France; we have purebased the good will and the selvage of a desert from Santa Anna, for the emall equivalent of ten millions of doHars, Peace being secured in that quarter, the lunatics being turned adrift, the exigencies of a foreign war being provided for, and all the annual appropriations being per- fectly safe, let the American people congratu- late themselves on these achievements, and be duly thankful for the approaching adjournment in August. Our readers will have observed, from the de- bates in the Senate last week upon the Home- stead bill, that there appears to be a lively ap- prehension among the opponents of that measure of its passage. Having already passed the House, if carried through the Senate it wilt need but the President's signature to give to every landless squatter upon the public domain a free farm—a homestead among the rich lands of the West, “ flowing with milk and honey,” and underlined with coal, lead, or iron, “ with- out money, and without price.” We are not aware, however, that anybody exeept Gen. Cass supposes that Gen. Pierce can sign the Homestead bill after vetoing the Lunatic bit; for if the ooustitution has no charity for the poor lunatic, surely it can have none for the | sturdy loafer, possessed of all his faculties, We are advised, however, that the Home- stead bill has its objects to accomplish, even in the face of a veto. Some of the Northern Sen = tors desire the privilege of voting for it, 80 18 to soften the wiry edge of the Nebraska bill. The Homestead is, in fact, intended as a peace- offering to the anti-slavery legions of the North, aud to the Congressional and other free-soil Kansas and Nebraska emigrating societies, | What if the President does veto it? Having Joaded down his Northern frieads with Nebras- ka, it is only fair that he should lighten their barthen, as the ecape-goat of the Homestead bill. Give them the small bonefit, by all | means, of a vote for it, and let him assume the j whole responsibility of defeating it. Under this view, we shall not be surpriggd if the mea- } sure is sent up to the White House within a | few days, though the trick is so glaring that it may be defeated between the two housés. The House have passeda liberal budget of appropristions for rivers and harbors. The Senate will doubtless concur in the bill; and here we may look sharp for another veto. Pre sident Polk vetoed similar bill on the ground ts unconstitutionality ; and can anybody imagine that Franklin Pierce will permit him- self to be considered as less a strict constrac- tionist chan James K. Polk? Never! The veto of the Lunatic bill was a fair warning to all la- titudinarians except the land jobbersand the patent monopolists, who, under the new inter- pretations established at the White Hoase, are protected by the constitution and ihe Kitchen Cabinet. Any amount of bills, for any quantity of jands, and involving any number of railroads, and railroad Jandjobbing spoilsmen, may be passed with perfect safety ; but appropriations to river and harbors involve the question of in- ternal improvements; and being a strict constrac- tionist of the Baltimore platform, we admonish all comcerned that if passed up to Franktio Vieree, the river and harbor bill will be vetood The results of the present session will proba- bly foot up as follows :—Passed—the regular appropriation bills, including some scattering Galphin and Gardner tiems ; the Nebraska bill ; the six war steamers; the Gadsden troaty and its appropriations ; some patent oxtensions ty nonopolists, to the prajud of poor in oi n of the whole + an increase o and it enough of railroad land grants to sitcben Cabinet a taste of the plaader. may expect, in addition to ‘the o comm post yne ing contracts, per give OF vet vs We adude tu the convention of iiquoy * lunatic precedent, a voto for the homestead bily | inspectors, recently held n tha’ State, ‘vr oper | and for the river an’ harbor bill, if they should de finally acted upon between the tvo houses. How much of the’existing twenty m'Ilions eur- pluewill beteft in the Treasury after meet ng the bills of this session, it is difficult to ¢ n ectare. The peaple will be fortanate if we are not re- duced to a loan to meet’ ur current engaze- ments, before the next fourth o° March. Altogether, a mor? c nfuse', ‘rregular, ex- hausting, money-wasting and unprofitable ses sien of Congres “than this, bas not ccourred ainee the Gret term of the Van Buren asp»ils- mcn. The abandonment of all fixe] principles by the administration—except the spoils ; the ab- sence, on its part, of any detinite public policy, ign or domestic; the sin,ular and disor- zing spoils coalition ia the matter of the Cabinet; the dislocation of parties and parti- sans in Congress; the humiliating subservicn- ey, notwithstanding, of a large proportion of both houses to the demands of the Executive, are among the avomalies of this most extraor- dinary, unsatisfactory and disorgapizing ses- sion. Unwittingly, however, the administra- tion has luid the train on the Nebraska bill, for such a general explosion among the corrupt spoils organizations of the day, as may result in a complete and wholesome political revolu- tion. This Congress, this administration, aad the spoils democracy, must be swamped in the ground-swell—and other parties will rise into pewer. In this light, though utterly discredit. able in other respects, this long sesgion is dea tined to be marked as a memorable epoch in the history of the country. The Feoposed Pacific Railroad and the Isth- mas Route to the Pacific. We publish elsewhere, a letter from Lieut. Maury, in relation to the distances between New York and San Francieco via the various actual and proposed routes across the Central American Isthmus, The table presented by Lieut. Maury may be regarded as exact and impartial, and is peculiarly interesting when taken in conjunction with the diagram recently published by Mr. Steiger, of the General Land Office, showing the various routes which have been proposed for the great “Pacific Railroad.” These two documents will serve to correct some decided errors which have found a place in the public mind on the subject of communication between the Atlantic and Pacific. They show that many of the assumed advantages of the proposed Pacific railway are illusory, and that the saving of time and distance which would follow from its construction, will fall much below what bas hitherto been supposed. Adding to Lieut. Maary’s table the distanc>s across the continent, at the various Isthmus crossings, we have the following results :— From Now York to San Francisco, via Panama. ....5, ean “ “4 Nicaragua... 4,884 4 saad “ ‘* Honduras. 4,360 “« “ “ « Tehuautoper..4/369 And according to Mr. Steiger, we have the fol- lowing distances for the various routes pro- | posed for the Pacific railway :— Miles, From New York to San Francisco, Northen route... “ “ “ Central Southern “ It thus appears that the saving in distance which would be effected by the proposed south- ern, or shortest, route of the Pacific railway, over the Honduras, or shortest Isthmus route, is but 1,259 miles. It will, of course, be al- leged that although the saving in distance will not be so decided, yet that the savi time will be very great. This we also conceive to be an error, for the following good reasons In the first place, few persons could suppor! the fatigue of acontinuous railway ride of three thousand miles, Let any one who has iravelle: four or five hundred miles consecutively, in u railway car, recall the fatigue and exhaustion which he felt at the ,close of his journey, and then ask himself if he could support its pro longation across the entire continent. We cv safely aseume that it would be impossible for passengers, as a whole, to make the journey without stopping for food andrest. This being the case, we cannot count upon an average of more than three hundred miles a day, for pas- senger trains. Jt cannot be assumed that a greater average speed could be kept up than between here and Washington, a distance of hut 220 miles, and which it occupies an entire day to overcome. Making, therefore, the necessary stoppages ivr rest and food, and supposing that the dis- tances across the central deserts could be made in corresponding time with equal distances in settled portions of the country, it follows that it would require ten days, at the least, for passengers to reach San Francisco from New Ye “ “ “ ork. er} Now, the Honducas Company propose to make their eastern point of departure at Mobile, Pen- sacola, Tampa Bay, or Charlotte Harbor, to be reached by express trains over existing and proposed railways, thereby entirely avoiding the navigation of the turbulent Atlantic. The Tehuantepec Company proposes to make New Orleans their point of departure. The Hondu- ras Company can easily reach Puerto Caballos, their northern Isthmus port, ia two days and a half from either of the places named, tranship, and in twelve hours after, bo under way on the Pacific. The Tehuantepec Company can do the same, in very nearly the same time, from New Orleans. These companies calculate, the first that it can put its passengers by railway and steamer in San Francisco in, at the mosi, fourteen days from New York, and the second in about the same time from New Orleans. If these calculations should be verified—and they seem to be well founded—the saviag time which would be effected by the Puacilic railroad could not be more than four days. But there is another element to be caloulated, viz.: cost. Itis conceded that the proposed road would have to overcome difficulties ia ite construction, such as have never yot beon en- countered in any similarwork. Lying, for a great part of its course, asross arid, uninhabit- able deserts, destitute of the materials requi- site to construction, and even for long inter- vals without the first essential of water, it can only be but at immense expense; nor can it bs supported except at great cost. To keep itself in repair, and meet its current expenses—to say nothing of yielding dividends—fyres would have to be put at rates higher then on any roads now in existence in any part of the world. Both as respects fares oad tolls ow freight thera is no doubt the oost of passing over the road would nearly, if not quite, doutle what ft would be by the Isthmus routes. By the lat ter, it has been shown by experience that pas- sengers can be carried profitubly ut an average of $100. [It is obvious that no ratlway could carry them from here to San Francisvo for douvle that amount. From bence we infer that the saving in time, of three or four days, by railroad from New York to San Franciseo, would not compensate for the greater fatigue and greater cost which the journey by sugh means would involve. few persons, to whom a few hours of time may be worth hundreds or thousands of dollars, would take the ra lway, a8 would the mails and specie. But the mass of freight and nine- tenths of ordinary pa-seng rs would prefer the cheaper an | easier routes across the Isthmas. The general notions oa the subject of the Pacific railroad are predicated upon the basis of time now occupied by the Paaama and Nica- ragua transits, which averages aboat tweaty- four, days. But those circuitous routes, with their interruptions and frequent delaying and barrassing transhipments, are destined to give place for others more advantageous, and which have the requisite conditions to permanence and speed. Such routes must be sought for in higher latitudes, Still, as a means of defence, and for the rapid transmission of the mails.end specie from the Atlantic to the Pacific States, the Pacilic rail- way may be regarded a3 a national desidera- tum. What we mean to say is, that so far as the carrying of passengers and freight is con- cerned, tbe road can never seriously compete with, much less supersede, the Isthmus routes, when the latter shall have been properly developed. Tue StREETs—Goov News.—We have some light about the manner in which the new Street Commissioner, Mr. George G. Glazier, has dis- charged his duty. A few of the down town streets have been aunoyed by the preseace of an oceasional cart, accompanied by half a do- zen brooms; and since the first day of April, the expenses of the department have amouuted to eighty-eight thousand eight hundred and three dollars and seventy-seven cente—a sum which ought to suffice to keep the whole city as neat as a new scrubbed kitchen-floor, during six months, Genin can do better than this. Mr. Glazier also gives us some infor- mation about the street contracts, We asked for it some time since; buat as our city officers are not generally distin- guished fur the possession of a large amount of information relative to those subjects upon which they should be best informed, we are content to wait. We arenowinformed that the contracts have been concluded, and that the work under them will commence to-day. This is well. We are glad that the contracts have been completed, although it has taken a loag time to bring about the end. We published in the Heratp of yesterday a list of the contract- ors, the. sum paid to each, with the names of their securities attached, ,it is to be hoped that this serious beginning will not have a far- cical ending. It isto be hoped that Mr. Glazier will make himself immortal by paying o great deal of attention to business, and by endeavor- ing to have the terms of the contracts fully complied with. By these terms the contract- ors are bound to sweep the streets and cart off the sweepings twice every week, and also to remove all ashes, garbage, &c., at the same time. Broadway and other great thorough- fares are to undergo a course of hoe and broom three times a week, and the work is to be com- pleted before seven o'clock in the morning in summer, and eight in winter. Now this is all very well; and if it is proper- ly carried out, the name of Glazier will be for- ever a household word in the mouths of all de- cent people. The curious reader, however, will notice with suspicion these facts: Daring three months Mr. Glazier has succeeded in keeping a few down town streets comparatively clean; some portions of the upper part of the island have not been cleaned at all, and certain strects not far from the City Hall have been visit- ed but once during this period, by cart and broom. To do this, Mr. Glazier has spent nearly ninety thousand dollars; but the coa- tractors, with a modesty which, under other circumstances, we could not praise too highly, agree to keep the whole city clean for one year for the comparatively small sum of one hundred nd fifty-two thousand seven hundred and forty-five dollars, This great discrepancy between what has really been done and what is promised, is almost enough to make those people who have lost their faith in their fellow men, believe that we are in danger of returning to those halcyon but dirty days when the contractors shared the money with the Street Commissioner, when the sure- ties were mythical individuals, and when our streets resembled Western prairies covered with ancient mounds, We fear that the amended charter does not take the proper ground in this important mat- ter of street cleaning. Experience, that best of teachers, has shown us that the sum which the people pay is not material, providing they set something for it. Mr. Glozier should have a fair trial—the new coutractors should have a fair trial; but at the same time a sharp look-out should be kept on all the parties concerned. We can go back to Mr. Genin and a provisional government at any time. Tur Sovrnern Wares Sranptvae Ore.— Since our recent discussions of the policy of the whigs of the South, the Southern whig journals bave entered very largely into the merits of the case. From the views of our exchanges, it is very evident that thege can be no fusion between the whigs of the South #hd the demo- erats of the South as longasthe latter adhere to the admifistration and the ricketty wood- work of their mntilated Baltimore platform. The -Augnsta (Georgia) Constitutionalist says :— The idea entortatned by somo persons thit the concord existirg, or supposed to exist becween Southern demo- erats aud Southern whigs in the aupport of the Nebvras- ka bil, would form 1 sufficient of sympathy to unite them harmoniously together in one political party, we have believed to be utterly fallacious. Even conced- ing tbat this concord of opinion en that one measure, avd the principle of ron-intervention it embodies, ap- preaches vnanimity, there are discordant clements of opinion between porn. og eared waich are funda- mental and i@, There are antagonisms of vie! om and,what is unfortunately no less potontin ia uencing the political status and actions of moa, antago nisma of preju-icoend babitndes of though’ whieh will always prevent » permanent fusicen of democrats and whigs into one party, Upon some specific qacetions of sight and policy, involving the institution of slavery and vital to the Sonth, there will always bo romothing lice upanimity at the South; and in such cases party liner Bat Qpert from this, tere will always bo. two. person rom wi ‘s we the South on national politics. When this pA ma to be, the millenium will have come—and cotil the haman in- tollect has reaches that haypy state that principles and facts mabe cxactly the same improssions on the miad of cach in every neighborhood, village, city and State throughout our immense Southern comm inities, we will coniinue to range ourselves in opposiag political contents. Nearly all the Southern whig presses ocen- py similar grounds, The conclusion is, there- fore, inevitable that the Seathern whigs here- efter will have nothing to do with the North- ern whigs, and will have ju-t as little to do with the Southern dem cracy. Perbaps it is the best policy. Considering the eplits and defections among the democrats, and the utter eonfnsion of all parties in the North, who kaows but that the whigs of the South as an indepen- dent party may hold and exercise the balance of power in the Presidential election of 1856. Let them hold off, and watch well the drift of eyonis, aud the administration demogracy, Ot Boks tie ee WA be SE BE Die BER Se ee a 5 ek a oe eS Puree FE e EE SS FEN pak Se RRS ge ye EEE eG, er 9S SR oer sme ae eer eS EAL TS) SPREE ED Se OE ES Sas gS spegaseuee rp rrr; PTtt ty; e2eeeEsees. 28 ace ee aS d Tue Caves or Post Orrice Detars.—We are gradually tracing the irregularities in the Post Office deliveries to their source. Ia one instance, complaints having been made that the residents of Butternute, Otsego Co., N. Y., had been neglected of late, inquiry was made of the Postmaster at Port Deposit—which is the dis- tributing office for thas section of country—-re- specting the cause of the delays. The reply was, that the m@fls for Port Deposit were fre- quently carried past that station by the night express train of the Erie Railroad, and acta- ally taken to Dunkirk No ageut of the Post Office Department accompanies the train, and the neglect is consequently chargeable on the conductor. The Erie Railroad bas earned so much odium in various ways that this discovery will not affect its character seriously. At the same time it is right that the cities and villages on the line of that road should kaow, when heir newspapers and lettera are late, that the railroad company is the culprit. Mr. McCul- Jum, the Superintendent, has promised a:nend- ment in future; and the credulons will rest comparatively satisfied with his assurance. Most people will regard it as mere idle words ; the Post Office, above all, will know better than to trust to so frail a security. It is, or. ought to be in the power of the Postmaster to punish such examples of neglect as the omission to leave @ mail at a statiou: the Erie Railroad should be made to pay for such gro:s mismaa- agement. The betier way undoubtedly woul) be for the Post Office to have an agent on every train which carries a mail; but it Mr. Camp bell’s mistaken ‘notions of economy will not permit this expense, the con juetors, superio- tendent, and the company should be held re- sponsible for their failure to perform their co.- tract. We must however be thankful for any,symp- tom of a desire for improvement, and teader acknowledgments to the Post Master for haying inquired into the delays of which the people of Butternuts complained. We beg to suggest a further question to that offic.r: how does it happen that the mail time between this and St. Louis is four days, while passengers cau travel the same distance in two days and three quarters or three days? Inquiry, inquiry will Toot out a host of evils, Music ror THE Mmuioy.—The city. of Bos- ton, notwithstanding some of its unpleasant ec- ‘centritities, has still some good points. The modern Athens has clean streets, an efficient police, a free public library, a magaificent pub- lic park, and within that park (called the Com- mon) the city government treats the people to music by a capital coract band. These soirées takes place twice a week, and in order to show what our purit@hical friends delight in we give one of the programmes:— PART FIRST. 1—Grand Mareh............... 2—Weber’s Serenade, from Presciosa. 8—Ca) t. Fineb’s Quickate, 4—Schudert’s Serenade—Lenor PAKT SECOND. 1—Pot Pourri—Andantino and ll. Mod. 2—Rovers Quick there was aboat race on the Fourth of July under the patronage of the city government, proves that thcre is come hope for Boston yet. Why can’t we have come music in our public equares ’—parks we have nove worth the name. That member of the Council who would get an appropriation to pay for music for the million during the hot August evenings would receive the everlasting thanks and all the votes of the “Can’t Get Away Club.” Who is the public spirited individual ? @@ ‘ewan oF Mock Avcrions.—The rascals who cil plated watches and chains in dark rooms to unsuspecting countrymen, and are so often dragged by the neck to the pdlice courts and forced to disgorge their ill-gotten gains are not the only Peter Funks New York contains. We see every day mock auctions of real ‘esto: mock auctions of stocks, mock auctions of fur- niture. The owner of twenty building lots puts them up at auction, employs men to buy in fif- teen of them at prices far above their value, and perhaps eucceeds in swindling some poor fellow into the purchase of s sixteenth at a cor- responding figure. The proprietor of a bundle of mining stocks sends some of them to auc- tion and buys them in himself at a price which they would not command anywhere else, in the hope that the newspapers will quote the sale, and thus enable him to cheat some ignoramus by selling him a lot at the same figure. The fur- niture dealers are equally successful. Three- fourths of the furniture sold at auction is mov- ed from the dealers’ store into the house where it is sold the day befure the auction. It is then advertised as the “ contents of the house No. —, —— street:” ard on theday of sale, a regular mock auction commences, only one purchase out of twenty being real. We know of instan- ces where the same furniture has been put up for sale and sold three or four times in different houses within a month. The inexperienced should beware of auctions, where the charac’ °r of the auctioneer is not known. Tue Sixteenta or Avovst.—The whigs of Massachusetts hold their State convention in Faneuil Hall on the 16th day of August; and the holy Anti-Slavery Alliance of all parties of New York hold their State coavention at Saratoga on the same day. The proceedings of both, no doubt, upon the slavery question, will be substantially the same, and will bring national politics in the North to a direct issue between the principles of the hardjshell demo- cracy, adopted at Syracuse, and the grand anti-slavery league of all parties. At this crisis, can any one tell us what has become of that ark of our political salvation, the Castle Garden Union Safety Committee. Have they gone over to the'enemies of the South, or are they lost among the Know Nothings? When everything is at sea, whea all the old party associations and dogmas, once as sacred as re- ligion or the spoils, ure scattered to the winds, is it not clearly visible to the naked eye that now is the time for the resuscitation of the Cas- tle Garden Union Safety Committee, The six- teenth day of August is but a month abead, and treason is bury in its preparations for the day. Where are the Fillmore and the Webster | men of New York of 1852? Where is the Cas | ie Garden Union Safety Cominittee? | Recarra aT Newrort.—The sojourpers aud citizens of Newport will be treated to a regatta on Tnur-day, Aa- | gust 10. The New York Club will gi @ & prize cup, vaiue 2000, open to all vessela over fifteen tons, Bairance money $10, and no allowance of time for difference in | tonnage. Under each regulations we should suppose | ths ontrigs would Lo fow nau Lar bovireea, r | cargo, by ebi‘ting one of your pumapa inte the fore hateh- Tae Missacuvserrs Pare Sor. Kawaas Eur-- oraTion—Tue Fresv Ivetatwent.—This is the day appointed for the departure from Boston of the first instalment of free soil emigrants to Kansas, under the auspiges of the Massachu- setts Emigrant Aid Society. We understand that they will proceed via Albany and Buffalo, and will stop at various points on the way to pick up such volunteers as may be disposed, ab reduced prices of travel, to join them. Our Fourierite neighbor says that ‘ample provision of tents and other nece=saries has been made for the use of the settlers on their first arrival im Kangae;” and from other sources we learn that- the tree soil emigration societies are making arrangements for such loaus of capital as may be necessary to give the colonists a fair startin agricultural and manufacturing operations. . Very well. The soouer the territory ia filled up to the proportious of a State, the sooner~ will the question be setiled. Meantime, as we- have already shown, the Missourians are on the move over the line, with their slave property, the rights of the indians have mostly been bought out by the government, the field is ® open, and the contest will, one way or the: other, be brict, and far more decisive than an act of Congress. Nothing like the supreme will of the people—nothiug. This process of set- tling a knotty constitutional question by emi- grating socicties, is oue of the novelties of this wonderful age, Squatter sovereiguty forever £ National Democratic Nowinations for New York Stato Offleers, } The Natiozal Democrativ State Coavention-which met at Syracuse on Wednesday, 12th instant, having: presented their candidates for the four State officers - which are to be e'ected by the people, in November next, it aay be well w say afew words respecting the nominees, for the information of those readers’ who are not well versed in the political.affairs of trie. State. The following is the ticket nominated:—. FOR GOVERNOR, GREENE C. BRONSON, OF NEW YORK-- POR LIEUT. GovERNOR, BLAH FORD, OF BRIE. FOR CANAL CoMMIS8I01 CLARK BURNHAM, OF CHENANGO. FOR STATE PRISON 1NPRCTOR, ABRAM VEKNAM, GF LIVINGSTON. Mr. Bronson is familiarly known, througheut the: United States, from the distinguished: positions he- formerly beld as Attorney General and Chief Justice of the Supreme Oourt of this Btate, and more recently, as Collector of the Port of New York, and the circumstances under which he was removed therefrom, by the same ad- ministration which had appointed him. He is of an old New England family, and was ad- mitted to the bar a8 ap attorney at law in the year 1817, or thirty-seven years ago. He continued in the practice of the law at Utica, until 1829, when, being chosen Attorney-General, by the Legislatare, in which there was a majority favorable to Jackson and Van Buren, he removed to Albany. In 1836 he was elevated tothe bench of the Supreme Court of the State, by appointment of Governor Marcy, and in 1845 he succeeded Judge Nelson as Chief Justice ofthat court, by appointment of Governor Wright. On the adoption of the present State Constitution, in 1846, Judge Bronson was placed on the demo- cratic ticket for one of the four Judges of the Comt of Appeals, and, with bis colleagues, was’ elected by “| 4he people by a large majority, A short time before the expization of liis term of office, in 1351,. he re- signed his ceat on the bevch, and removed to this city. The circumstances of his appointment to |the cfiice of Coilector of this port, by President Pierce, and his. subsequent. removal from office, in consequence of bis inde- pendence iu the expression of his politica! views, nd his refusal to carry out the wishes of the ad- ministration, are too well known to require repeti- tion. Whether he will consent to remain on the de- mocratic ticket, in conformity with the desires of his politica) friends, or whether he will. be ran con- trary to his wishes, remains to be seen. As the Judge haa expressed himself decidedly in favor of the Nebraska bill, it is probable that he would cor- centrate the yotes of all the voters favorable to that Measure, except the free soil friends of the adminis- tration. Elijah Ford, of Erie county, the candidate for Lieutenant Governor, is a sawyer of Baffilo, and ‘was & member of the Assembly from that district in 1850, when Mr. Elderkin, a free soll democrat from St. Lawreuce county, was Speaker. Mr. Ford, who belonged to another section of the democracy, proved an active business member of the Assembly, and ready'in debute, He has not otherwise been much known in the politics of the State. Mr. Burnham, the candidate for Canal Commis- sioner, resides is Chenango county,@ part of the State where the people are generaily of New Eng- land origin, and of industrious, frogal habits. He bas, we understand, been connected with the canal business, officially and otherwise, for some years, and is well acquainted with the canal system of the State, Abram Vernam is a young man, whose father re- moved from Saratoga to Livingston county some yeare since. One of the family, Richard Vernam, is a resident engineer on the Erie Canal, at Rocheater. The candidate for State Prison Inspector we be- lieve is one of @ commission appointed recently to examine into the State prison affairs. He is nomi- nated to succeed General Henry Storms, democrat, whore term expires in December next. Tho salary of this office is $1,600, and that of Canal Commis- sioner $1,760 per annuo. ‘The St. Nicholas Hotel. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD, Dagan fit:—A report has been put in circulation that the proprietors of the 8t, Nicholae haa failed, You wild my contradict +t peg oe) it ae unirae. ‘ours respectfully , ELL, a . Naw York, Noly 18. 1854. aed xe ae Marine Affatrs: Surv Lavsc—The Liverpool packet ship New York, for Messrs. D. & A. Kingsland & Sons, to be commanded by Capt. J. G. Moses, was launched from the yard of Mr A. Patterson, on Saturday afternoon. She is two hun- cred and Gfteen feet loag, forty three fest beam, twenty- nine feet deep, and stout fifteen hundred tons measure- ment. Menrrzp Riwann —A pleasing incident Atiactic Insnraace Compan, ‘a oflice, on Roday leet the winter of 1848 and '44 will long be romecs as one of of this country, and many ance thas douvtoss ry, many a fe been performed, which we bare poy fe = dress of Walter R. Jones, Ksq,, office, to Captain sont,’ rive below, fully whole thing reflects honor on particularly at this juncture, than @ present of times the value foilowing is Mr. once addrees on the oceasion:— Drummond, Sir—On your of wind, im which your ship became disabled, ly damaged in her bolt, "pas bate om ee sprung ® leak, ond had at one time from sigat to wn feet of water ia her huid. The pamps were eholod, after being compelled 10 heavy overboard a. of wey, you relieved your Suip, sad with a crew wo wiih feuigue and Itard service, nnd after many f Beira oon mente, yeu suceveded io renching your pert of de:tina- tion witk your vetrel, altuocgh you coult have been tak- en off wits your crew and passengers Uy i Willing to lay by nud periogca tant » you. The Atlaniie, Mercan' ude aa rurance Comparing, baring tee tervated ae ander. writere in your vessel cua cargo, have preparel a les service of plate ar a tortion uel of theit approbsdion of YOUr evergy #od good con luck in taking your slip tate Pork, aod in tueir bebwli lack you to secopt the dame. 4 like pleasant duty hse been to mo oa other similar occasions, nove of which have afforded mo more satisfaction than the present. We wish you « continua- up of cucoces om that chemon; which you have chosea