The New York Herald Newspaper, June 25, 1854, Page 2

aye account of his challenging the Peruvian Qiinixer. PERU. eral Vivanco is said to have declared against gene Castilla, accusing him of having caused the ruin of Arequipa; asserting that General Echenique is the only legal President of Peru, and that he (General V.) has not the least idea of joining the msurgents. i mt is said, 80 general is the disgust inst Gene- tal Castilla in Cusco, that he sleeps with a guard of two hundred men. _ in Puno, it is said a project is contemplated to form @ confederation, or rather a connection, with | Bolivia. me _ President Belzu, of Bolivia, having been applied to by General Castilla for firearms, Xc., replied that be had no more than sufficient for his own army; but that there were eleven thousand muskets in the country for sale. i , Gen. Costilla drew a draft upon the city of Arequipa, the sum of $40,000. The draft is said to be in \lan- ger of protest—there being not a single dollar in the treasury. {t is “Aaid that the force of Castilla is only one thoasand seven hundred men of all arms, which is daily reduced by desertion. The American clipper ship Sea Witch, Captain rasier, arrived at Valparaiso on the 8th April, in twenty-eight days from Panama—the shortest pas- sage ever made. On the 10th May, two Americans started from Lima, ou a prospecting tour. When about fourteen miles from here, one of them, while separated from his companion, was attacked by three highwaymen, one of whom he killed,in defence of hisown life. After | rendering (bis service—after doing an act which in any other country wouid have been universally com- mended—he brought the corpse to this city, and made a statement of the whole aflair to the proper * authorities. He was at once arrested, his money— about two handred dollars—taken from him, and he was then thrown into prison, where he yet remains. Any comment on 80 flagrant an outrage would be superfivons, "2 Fears are entertained for the safety of the clipper ship Davntless, Capt. Miller, which sailed from Bo: ton, Oct 28d, for Valparaiso, since which tir pothing been heurd from her. prey, fine sbout two years since, valued at $100,000, and woed by Wm. W. Goddard, Esq., of Boston. She | had ry valuable assorted cargo, which is insured a Boston. The vessel is insured in New News from the West Indies. My the arrival of the steamship Illinois, we have pers, dated to the 12th of the present month. Cholera prevailed to a great extent in almost every parish of the island. The average of cases terminating fatally was very high. The accounts received from St. Anne's bay are gad indeed, as to the fatal rapidity with) which the disease is destroying the inhabitants. A correspond- ent of the Kingston Journal writes, under date of the 20h May:— You ask me to write to you about the cholera. My report is asad one. The disease continues to mow down the people, and God knows how many will be left to record its ravages. Up to yesterday, the 28th May, out of our small population seventy have beon called to their final account, and there are many lingering between life and death. The disease is more ‘in 1860. Four to five hours seem to be the time that the patient lives. We are informed that in the Williamsfield and Rio Duro district there have been over fifty-five fatal | cases in three weeks. In es Thomas in the Vale there have been thirty- eight fatal cases from the 4th to the 29th May, and nine were under treatment. During five weeks (from 23d April to 27th May) the number of cases of con- cholera that occurred in Spanish town,inclad- ing the barracks and district prison, was 354, and ‘the deaths 136; rdcovered and under treatment on Saturday, the 7th May, 248. The Morning Journal of June 10, says:—On Thursday night, the light at the Plumb Point ligh- house was exhibited, on trial, for the first time— the structure being so far near completion as to ad- mit of the exhibition. Although it was a bright moonlight, the light was very perceptible in Kings- ton. Of course, it must have been far more brilliant at sea, where it is intended to be most visible. At the monthly meeting of the directors of the Kingston Chamber of Commerce, held on 7th of June, it was resolved that a deputation should wait on his Excellency the Guvernor, relative to the em- baraaied atate of the island, and the late issue of land notes, and to ask his excellency if he has re- cived aay information from pondent in Trelawny informs us that the that parish bid fair to bundant, and are * taken in. In_conseqnence, however, of price of sugar, and the high price of ram, in 2 Brilesh markets, more of the latter article is ug manufactured than the former. g to the reception of the rar against Russia, in tl ston Morning Journa’ of a:—* The Legislate on, declara- ‘est India Islands, the 10th of June was not aration of o ernor has had no Opportur lly announcing that fact to the other two branches. We suppose, however, that allasion will be made to it in his Excellency’s open- ing apeech, at the commencement of the next ses- sion, or his Excellency will commuuicate the fact by message, together with any instraction he may Ihave reccived, respecting the organization of a militia or volunteer force. As long as Rassia alone is the enemy of England, Jamaica need not,perhaps, fear an invasion; but, asa member of the Barba- does Assembly said, we know not who may be our enemy before the neat twelve months. And to judge by the present complication of the United States with Spain on the Cuban cuestion, and the attitude that England and Franc: may soon have to maintain thereon, it is hard to say how soon we may be visited by a ho, force.” The transfer of the customs department from the home government to that of the island took placelby the direction of the Governor, under the tate act of the Legislature, on the Sth instant. His xceilency has been pleased to retain the prin- i ‘ficars in the establishment. eo—At Agualia Vale Pen, Metcalfe, his birth place, on the 2d ingt.,in the (ith year of his age, trom the effects of an attack of cholera, Captain William I’Pveque, for upwards of thirty years in Cpl of vessels trading to the ports of Annotto Bay. BRI GUIANA. The Court of Pol! ad passed @ resolution sus- pending the further introduction of Chinese immi- graota into the colony, and directed that the en- gagemeat with Mr. White should be terminated as #o0a as possible. The immigration of Coolies is to be coatinved, and 4,200 to be imported during the year at a cost of £58,000, In the course of the dis- cussion on the resoluzion, Mr. Luckie, a member of the Court, took an opportunity of stating his con- Viction tat one Chinese was worth two Coolies, and he expressed a hope that when Chinese immi- gration was resumed it wouid be conducted ona differeat footing, and at a more moderate cost. A despatch from the Luke of Ne vcastle, laid before tue Court, gives permission to the Court to extend ‘he period of industria! residence of an immigrant Ictep years, instead five, so as to entitle him to ficate of rig o @ return passage. The T waa reported favorable for agricultural and it w ace of last y DEMOCRACY— THE Kingston Jam.) M acompromisin, cert leathe erati MONROE DOCTRIN purnal, June / publicanism in the na- r from British domi- ‘avorer of ultra-de- | ia remarkable to erect a m>- 1onies, to give to narchy io the new! the republic a stron ative, to which end he Fd for investing the magistrate and the mem- es of his administration with extensive powers, so to render the mode of carrying on the govern- less likely to be influenced by popular clamor would be liable under too democratic a consti- , and to establich the institutions of the coun- Qty on more permanent bases than could be attained | they left too much at the will of the fickle Ititade. Washington was, however, overruled in judicious suggestions by the ultra-democratic arty, and the constitution was framed upon tho- pee § democratic principles. From that time to his democracy has been gaining ground in Ame rica, and now the ultra-democrata seem to be strong omige to everything before them. The last r eetion is one of many proofs that pight be edocs in favor of the trath of this aaser- short, there is no use argaing a point that Lod universally eed on as the prevalence of fp Od in America. t, ape, amidst all the checks imposed by the ci of the United States on the presi- denti ity, there ia none that is so joaioualy watched as that which vests the right of declaring war in. Ce , instead of in the President, In Great Britain, while the power of declariug war lies u the sovereign, it considered a sufficient check seninst{the abuse of this prerogaiive to render it or the sovereign to apply to Parliament ‘ the contest. The na- wement, is secured n unpopular war at the 'Y pow Thus, it is the people who von (ue enemy, because the people se-sliings, and unless they loosen them, yf 6 er. sn cannot equip a single veasel of war, | A single regiment of soldiers gut of the The Dauntless is | ipper ship, of 1,000 tons, built in Med- | g; sppeasance consider the check imposed by the stitution sufficient. T! Fenerelore veut of deglaring war directly in the same that rai thepepalice 1 namel, bao : mi A resolution has, r, been introduced into the United States Senate, proposing to assimilate the power of the President, on questions of war, more closely with that cf the monarch of Great Bri- tain—to invest the chief magistrate of the Union with the power of suspending the neutrality laws, and declaring war whenever he may feel inclined soto de. What isthe cause ot so extraordinary a proposition? Are the United States drifting farther from democracy, and nearer towards monarohy ¢ Nothing of the kind. On the contrary, as we have before sited, never were democratic principles so «h in the ascendant in the States, as they are 1 the present day, So mueh so, that the surest way to get one’s head broken, and, perhaps, to receive c@ treatment, would be to speak in favor of mo- narebical government,and against democracy,inany hotel in New York. What, then, can be the ground on which it is deemed necessary on the part of a portion of the American people to take the power of | declaring war out of the hands of Congress, and vest t i *resident? Here it is. An inflexible de- has seized on a large proportion of the to possess Cnba, by fair or foul means. ater proof, indeed, could be adduced of the ess of this determination, than the growiug » to inveet the President of the republic with a power 80 distasteful to the ultra democrats, i But it may be objected that even should this ition be carried by Congress, no greater fu- would be afforded the Uuited State of going : with Spain or any other power; because the check which the British constitution imposes on the sovereign would still remain on the President of the United States—the privilege of granting the neces- supplies being retained by Congress, This would be an extinguisher to the resolution of Mr. Slidell, of Louisiana, the gentleman by whom it is proposed, even if it should be carried, did the Ame- ricans, as a body, prop»se to confine their attacks are accustomed to consider as alone honorable in | warfare. In sueh a case, President Pierce might declare war against Spain, and yet Cuba, and other S a territories, be safe from attack; because Congress might tighten the public purse strings, and refuse togrant a single dollar for the prosecu- tion of the war. | to possess its fertile lands? and its niggers, | are by no means so scrupulous. They are pretty | well aware that Congress might not consent to sup- | ply the sinews of war, and that President Pierce | might be thereby prevented from sending what the | on Cuba to those methods which civilized nations | But the gentlemen who look on | ; Cuba with a greedy eye and a longing desire | , head, recoil with ‘and disgust. | ASHORY ACCOUNT OF THE ISLAND OF GEAND CAY- MAN, | rom the Colonial Standard.) ‘This island lies in lat.19 deg. 20 m. north, and | Ion, 80 deg, 40 m. west yand is at the distance of about three degrees west from Jamaica. It ia thirty | four miles in length and three in width, and con- tains about two thousand inhabitants, who are vari- , eusly employed as merchants, agriculturists, fisher- men, pilots, shipbuilders, carpenters, tailors, &c. ' There are seven small towns, and their names, pe pulation, and distance from each other, are as fol- lows:—= | West Bay. 176 inhabitants... .8 miles to George Town,........620 do 3 miles to Southwest Sound . 69 do. % miles to Prospect. . 280 = do, 6 miles to Bodden Town.. 460 do. 12 miles to Fast End... 264 do. 4 miles to North Side 48 do, (from Bodden Town.) ‘otal in the towns 1,827 The rest of the inhabitants wre scattered along the sides of the island in small setélements, and are employed in cultivating provisions, or in easy ‘The first religious instructor who visited this little island, was connected with the Established church, but his residence there was but for a short period, and after him came a Mr. Green, connected with the Wesleyans, who left the island iu disgrace, leav- ing behind bim no favorable impression respecting the yalue of religious instruction. git The Rev. James Elmslie, a Presbyterian minister, who had for many years labored at Green Island, devotedly and succesfully, went to the Great Cay- man in September; 1846, accorapanied by the Rey. William Niven, who, on his return to this island in the following month, was lost, with all hands, dur- | ing « terrific storta which came on soon after Mr. Niven had eailed, and raged from the Gth to the 10th of October with terrific fury. a Since the arrival of Mr. Elmsiie at the Grand Cay- pleasing change has been effected. There are places of worship in the different towas, and several schools are in active operation. Intempe- rance has, to a great extent, been checked; and tbout one hundred Barton have enrolled them- selves as members of a total abstinence society, The number of members in communion is 231, and of regular hearers 650; Sabbath scholars 490; and ei scholars about 200. ‘he population of the island o; 4 Scotch, 2 French, 5 Spanish, by ists of 4 English, merican, and 3 our regular files of Kingston (Jamaica) pa- | law of nations would consider a legitimate expedi- Creolet from Jamaica, and the remainder are natives | tion against Cuba; but only let the President de- | of the place. clare war, and legalize filibusterism, and, with let- | The ground is in general low, and in aome parts its effects this visitation than it was | gland relative to the | ters of marque in their breeches pockets, marauders marshy, but produces maize, millet, sugar cane, | in suficient numbers would be found to organize ex- | peditions,against Cuba, without,troubling the United States treasury. Never, in the history of nations, was there a more scandalous attempt to legalize robbery and murder | on a grand scale—never a greater instance of perse- | verance in a wicked cause. Were the reasons as- signed for this course of conduct, the liberation of hundreds of thousands of human beings from a most galling. yoke, we could understand and sympathize with the generous feeling which pprampted ® people | fond of sting of their liberty to battle for the ‘ enfranchisement of an opp! race; but when | the avowed reason for the contemplated invasion of Cuba is because it is believed that England and Spain are combined for the purpose of carrying into etlect this benevolent object, no words are strot | enough to express our loathing and abhorrence of the men who would perpetrate such infamy. We need not enter into an argument to prove the injus- | tice of (the would-be filibusteros, especially as ti | has been cleverly done in an article contained in a | Southern paper, which we copy in another part of | this day's impression; and in which, with the ex- | ception of some allusion to the consequences of emancipation in this island, we fully concur. The United States would do well to carry out their own | Monroe doctrine of fmon-intervention, which the | American press is so fond of preaching up for the ' edification of ‘European nations; and while they mind their own business, leave other people’s alone; | or it may beceme the duty of England and France, in case of a too active interference with Cuba on the | part of the States, to adopt means to compel them to practice what they preach. THE ANNEXATION OF CUBA. {From the Kingston (Jamaica) Jourtial, June §.| The government of Spain has, at length, opened its eyes to the danger which threatens the island of Cuba, and its ears to the suggestions of prudence. That island has been valuable to the Spanish govern- ment on¥ account of the slave trade and slavery, and | it has been coveted by the United States on account of this latter. The annexation of Cuba would be | the addition’of another slave State to the Unionyand hence we have seen it stated, that “for years past Cuba has stood, before the eyes” of the le “a ripe pear, ready to be plucke and it been inquired, why has this act of plain and dent eee and of self- ition, beer so long delayed?” Hence “ the a ion” of that island has‘been recommended as » d'état 0 the Pierce administration, as the act which will en- enable it to triumph over all the: petty factions and intrigues by which it is now surrounded threatened,’ and will have the effect of dis- pelling the “darkness that is gathering over its path, and of surrounding its name and era with a halo of light and glory.” The difference of opin- ion which exists in the United States of America upon the question of slavery, is at once the cause of the danger and the security of Cuba. The South, desirous of perpetuating slavery, and of rendering slave property more valuable, or of coutinuing its value, would annex Cuba to the Union. The North, without any particular objection to the acqnisition of that island on the ground of territorial aggran- dizement, is opposed to the additional influence which its annexation would give to the Southern and slave holding interest. Hence the difference of opinion which we find in the American journals upon the question of the admission of Cuba into the American Union—a difference which has been emi- nently useful in preserving that island to Spain. ‘The desire which has been so plainly expressed by | “portion of the American people to obtain it, and the attempt todo so by force of arms which was lately made, have not been without their effect upon the British government; and, although tardily, also upon the authorities of Madrid. England has bad three good and sufli reasons for urging upon Spain the necessity of abolish- ing slavery and the slave trade in Cuba. the first ince, by treaty engagements, purchased and paid for by her, Spiin was bound to put an end to the slave trade. She has for a long series of years spony violated those engagements,‘ and taught England this lesson, that so long as slavery € in that island, so long will there exist a pow- erful inducement to continue the slave trade. The demand for labor will create the supply. Tt has done so in Cuba, through the instrumentality of that trade, notwithstanding all the remunstrances of the British government, and it will continue to do so, in a greater or less degree, so long as it exists. The only citectual mode of putting an end to the impor- tation of slaves, is to abolish slavery. In this wa the evil is struck at its root and there will be hope for the future faithful performance of existing en- gagements on the part of Spain in relation to the slave trade. Another reason is, that the British su- r colonies are injured by the continued traffic in aves by the colonies of Spain in their immediate ighborhood, and will never cease to complain at they are forced to compete, in the markets of land, with the slave owners of Cuba and Porta reat Britam and Spain should be faith- fully carried out by the latter, the former having ong since performed her portion of the agreement by paying the stipuluted indemnity for any logs or dantage which the suppressig of the trade might occasion. The third reason is that the proximity Cuba to the Bahamas and Jamaica renders it undesirable that the former island should pass into the possession of a country like America, whose lust for territorial additions appears to be in satiable. Kngland, for its own sake, as well as from the feeling which it entertains for an old ally, will continue to do all in its power to secure the oc- cupation of Cuba by Spain. These reasons, all of them powerfal and cogent, have induced the British government to press upon that of Spain the necessity of effectually and com- pletely ating a | those Africans who have been idlegally retained in slavery in Cuba. These are the first steps | | towards the abolition of slavery in that island—the | first blow struck at the attempt of the proslavery interest in the United States. And they are heavy and discouraging ones. ‘The government of Spain, we repeat, has at lena ! opened its eyes to the danger which threatens Cuba, and its ears to the suggestions of pradence. The intelligence by the last mail is that six thousand troops were about to leave Spain for Caba, which bay shortly be garrisoned by $0,000 regniar troops. is likely to give a warm reception to any ich may be sent against it. Lf it be teade that the United St stds of Ame resecking a cause of “narrel with Spain, which led_to believe is the case, from the remarks which have heen made in tHe American journals, in order that they miy xt for invading Caba, the ‘conse he more serious than they contemplate. land will endeavor to mediate be- interpove thei: ind war. Should this unhappily arise, i be found that Spain will not be deserted, nor will her finest colony be permiited to fall an enay prev to Aimerjean covevousness ind pro-slavery trickery Who knows, but that the atiempt to” pluck this “ripe pear,” and to add another slave State to the erica Union, ma to the abolition of m @lavery ia Cabo. and Jisappoinimeny 9 Waa in | ice to British subjects in the British | mands that the existing engagements | putting an end to the slave trade, and liber- , in immenge foree for the protection of that | plantains, bananas, yams, cassava, cocoa, and sweet | potatoes. The fruits are oranges, star apples, pine apples, etc ; and the woods are iron wood, mahogany, caine and most of the other sorts of trees and | shrubs which are common in the tropics. | Some parts of the island are sandy, and others are | overgrown with bush. Considerable cultivation | goes on a little inland; and the cows, oxen, sheep, | , Roats and pony are abundant. A road runsalong | te south side of the island, and crosses it from | Bodden Town to North Side. obtained in sufficient numbers to supp! of the inhabitants, but no gig or chase is to be seen | at Grand Cayman, : a} | Parrots, mocking-birds, pitcheries, hawks, peli- ‘cans, man-of-war birds, swallows, bats, and owls are | | Dumerous, but no “John Crow”’ is to be seen. | A emall tax is laid on the inhabitants,of about one | shilling for horned stock, sixpence for a horse, | three pence for a sheep, to meet the trifling outlay | connected with the government, and a custos, as- | sisted by eight magistrates, maintain good order on | the island. There are two grand courts held in the | year at Georgetown, and the magistrates sit atregu- | | tar eriods for the settlement of smaller matters. | e articles of merchandise for the supply of the eople are brought from Kingston and New Or- ‘ Teans. The islanders have small vessels in which | they trade to Jamaica and America, and usual, make the voyage to New Orleans on the one hand, Cae to Kingston on the other, in about ten or twelve ; VB, This little spot in the ocean has long been held | ‘ by Great Britain, and became well known at an | early period in consequence of ten war vessels run- ning upon it in one night. The inhabitants insuch | cases exert themselves with fearless energy; and on Jecsnnt or {heir usefulness in aiding unfortanate vessels which havé i t{hOh thelr low anc eck | bound isle, they are exempted from foreign service, or impressment in the time of war. { I might add much more respecting the light | which has been spread among this interesting peo- , ple during the Inst eight years. and on the striking ; - reformation in conduct which is manifested in many, but, afraid of making my communication too long,} | conclude, and remain yours, very faithf. iv, | dune 1, 1854, Joun Craaxr Horses and mules are | the wants | BARBADONS. The Colonial Standard (Jamaica paper) of June Oth has the following:—The waster of the brig In- { Gustrious arrived here (no date) from Bristol, re- ports having spoken a vessel from Pio Janeiro, whe communicated information that two Russian vessels | ot war had been pursued out of Rio and captured by | a British steamer. The story seems a very dowbtful one, | A joint stock company is to be established at Walker's estate, Barbadoes, for the establishment of a model sugar plantation and central factory, com- bined with machinery for working up plantation fibreinto hemp. The capital is to be £40,000, in 8,000 shares of £5. The object of the promoters is described to be that of giving the sugar cane the same fair chance which the beet root has had on the continent of Europe. Cholera had at length made its appearance in pip detaha although only in « sporadic form. Sev- eral deaths, however, had occurred, and in one in- stance three parties in the same house had fallen victims to a disease accompanied by all the symp- toms of Asiatic cholera. DOMINICA, The disagreement between the Lieut.-Governor, Major Blackall, and the late House of Assembly, created considerable excitement. Major Blackall is charged with having, for corrupt purposes, di- rected the new writs, not to the Provost Marshal, as required by law, but to officials who are under his own control. Notwithstanding this, however, all the old opposition members had been returned, with two others of the same politics. SAINT LUCIA. @ The Colonial Standard of Juve oth says:—A searcity of shipping is still experienced at St. At and with the exception of the brig Queen of Britain, no other vessel has yet entered the harbor for produce since the departure of the H. N. Hutchins.. Freight had in consequence increased from 3s. 6d. to 6s. the cwt., and, notwithstanding | this high rate, the planters could not procure ton- nage for the transport of their sugar. | he weather, with the exception of a few light showers, has been dry and sultry, and the excessive heat of the last few days was almost insufferable; | the young canes in some parts of the island lave | suffered severely, while the planters have had no | encouragement to take off their crops, from the un- | certainty of obtaining tonnaze. The present rise in freights comes in a most unseasonable time, sugar having fallen 2s. in the home market, and the | cost of transit raised 1s, 6d.the cwt., thus lessen- ing the price of the staple production 3s. 6d., at a , time when labor is scarce and consequently high, | and a probable war price of insurance is pros pective. Srven Men Drow —A letter to the Leader, dated Ontonagon, June 11, 1854, has the following melancholy ‘intelligence:—The Indians brought in, this morving, news that seven men, who left this Jace afew days since in a small boat for La ointe, were all lost; the boat having been found on the beach with one of the bodies lying dead in the bottom, about eight miles this side of [a Pointe. The names of all the unfortunate persons who thas met an untimely fate, I have succeeded in obtaining, together with their residences, with one exceyition: Hiram Gray, Trap Rock, Michigan; Thomas Buzzo, do.; Jno. Conklin, do.; J. Colvin, do.; B. Conklin, Detroit, Michigan; J. Aiken, do. They were nn- doubtedly out in the gale of Thursday, and their lit tle craft was unable to stand the sweeping billows. One of the number, if not more, wasa fine sailor, and knew the Lake well. A Very Important Decision.—We hear that the nestion having been officially referred to that officer, the Attorney General has given an opinion, declar- ing that claims on the Post Office Department for alleged breach or variation of contract by the de- partment, are in the nature of damages, and do not constitute accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the Anditor and Comptroller. This action can hardly fail to prevent an enormous leak in the United | States Treasury, If such claims were to be subject | to auditorial adjudication, there would necessarily be neither limit nor check, by which their payment could be regulated. As thus decided, parties pre- | senting such claims must go to the head of the Post partment, who can settle with them as far him power in each particular case | i | be 3 for their Office as the law 0 to do riv Aheit appeal from that functionary is t only, we apprelend.— Washington Star, | nee | Worms on the Trees, Mn. Bewwert:—A few days since 1 aoticedan ar, | ri in the Henacn on the destruction of trees by | worms. Please advise the keepers or superintend- ents of onr parks to inquire how the Philadelphia , packs are protected, The foliage there, on all kinds of (reoa, iain the most perfect condition. and not a worn, bug or caterpillar to be ween at the present | time, oc for yeara past. to my knowledge, Ant, WQNMe | make, if it was at all | tims of bis duplicity will suffer hea | up the religions | last waris a recent event; 4 Our Texas Correspondence, Already that excited, whirling present of New Xs of a time it Baownariii, (on the Re Grande.) sire on ie unde Exiles from Mexico—Reverses of Santa Anna—In- | 74 one, ta gly eurrendered to neers auguration of the Empire Postponed in Conse- quence—Feeling of the People—How the Mexican Dictator Keeps his Pledge, &c., §c., &e. The inactivity of our people recently has been au- perseded by the arrival of strangers of every condi- tion in life—distinguished exiles who have fallen victims to the military Mexican miacreant who rules poor Mexico's destinies at present; the ex-Command- er-in-chief of the heretofore so called filibusters, with many of his former subordinates; morchants and horse traders on ‘change; and last, but not loast with the gaping crowd,a wandering company of some ten or twelve musicians, who, armed with harps and guitars, seem determined to know if our people have any music in their souls, The arrival, by the steamer from’"New Orleans, of Don Melchor Ocampo and others, has created much excitement across the way among Santa Anna's minions, and on the very next day his willing tool and tyranical slave, Wod, who commands in Tamau- lipas, ordered that no one should he allowed to enter Matamoras without a passport. This will be the source of much inconvenience to all the people re- | siding in both cities, who will suffer in their busi- ness by this military order. The New Orleans mail confirms the rumors our neighbors had of Santa Anna’s defeat in the south, and this faithless villian will not, im all probability, determine as yct to have himself crowned. You cannot well conjecture what he may not attempt, after he finds himself provided with the ready means the United States will furnish by virtue of the late treaty. Discontent prevails in the whole section of country from the Sierra Madre to the Culf, and the people in that ection of the country are rapidly ac- customing themselves to think that they have no feelingsor interest in common with their country- men west of the mountains. If an outbreak against the despot should take place soon on the opposite side of the river, it will not take any one by surprise on this line, On the 3d of this month, Wod, who is Governor and Commanding General of Tamaulipas, arrived from above, all alone, and day before yesterday some two hundred ragamuffing, miscalled soldiers, arrived with some four light field pieces. The reason of his very sudden arrival was that he had been informed that a revolution in Matamoras was on the eve of breaking out. Be assured that his, like his master’s, days of power are numbered. The contract which the Collector of the Customs in Matamoras recently entered into with some mer- chants, to allow the introduction of a stipulated amount of goods on condition of their advancing a given amount to relieve the, wants of the govern- ment, haa been annulled by Santa Anna, non the agreement made had been fully authorized by the unprincipled despot himself. The only wonder is that any one &l gus) i plying honestly with whatever promises he might to his interest to violate them. The merchants who have been in this case the vic- losses by it. The pregenee of ‘the Bishop in Matamoras keeps excitement that place, and the ceaseless, of the bells and the Seales of the | drum makes it evident that the only object of those in power is to keep the people discontented, and to give them no time to contemplate their country in its rapid march to destruction. Onur federal court should have commenged on last Monday, but. as his Honor did not arrive in time, it was closed this morning by the United States Deputy Marshal. We may suppose that both the fede and State district courts have concluded that the peaceable, well behaved citizens on this line | can dispense with their services. They are, per- haps, right. Our frontier city continues to improve, and our river is now in fine navigable order. Rio Brayo. Our Baltimore Correspondence. Baurmorg, June 18, 1364. The Weather at Baltimore—The Capital of Mary land—A New Plan Suggested—Society in Balti- more—Madam Bonaparte—Literature in Balti- more—Lhe Herald—The Fine Arts—Musie— Family Pride, §e. ; We are enjoying in the city of Baltimore an earthly paradise at the present moment. A city so far south as the Monumental, ought to be pretty hot vy the last hair of June; but deep green foliage spreading down the streets that slope from the monument—ecol zephy ly zephyrs—alter- nating with a soft breeze from the Chesapeake, and the sweet fragrance from the hay fields in the environs, and from now and then a magnolia copse (as my senses judge), with clear sky, blue distant waters, seen from many a point in this finely situated capital, justify the expression { have used. I caly jaltimore a capital, I know that Annapolis is the “seat of government,” as the school geographies say; but it is useless for laws to fight against nature, and nature las made Baltimore the real, whatever may be the nominal or government capital of Maryland. What a nonsensical idea, by the way, is that which has taken possession of all our wise legislators, and which has induced them, in almost every instance, to fix upon a mere geographical centre for the go- vernment city, or capital of each State, instead of going straight to that which nature has made its metropolis! The natural and proper place for the seat of government of any State is in the focus of its greatest activity, commercial, intellectual, so- cial, political, religious, literary ; and that is alwa: in its greatest city, which is therefore great beeause all the operations of human society are concentred there. How absurd to isolate one of them, and that one the ruling function of the whole State, and carry it offinto some obscure locality! In a great city men think rapidly and decisively ; in a large city, the centre of the business operations of an immense community, they think comprehensively; here, where a multitude of cute, practised minds, versed in affairs, are collected, public opinion is more en- lightened and more powerfal. a legislator. There he can feel the pulse of the peo- ple. There he isin communication with the organs which at the same time express opinion and form it: It would be impossible to waste so much time in Jong, dull, useless capital were in New Old-fogydom reigns in these isolated capitals, these artificial capitals—ex- ¢ellent places for legislative culprits to go and med- LS itate on the stool of repentence, but the worst places | in the world for the active, practical work of legis- lation. Let us do away with our artificial capitals. Let Philadelphia be the capital of Pennsylvania, Baltimore of Mai ton of South Carolina, Cincinnati of Ohio, and New York of the whole Union, of which it is the | natural, the inevitable,and the magnificent metro- olis, You will sec what an impulse will be given things when that is brought about, In the old world people stick to P jh mee and will goon in secu/a, in the same old humdrum way, following the foot tracks of their predecessors, no matter at what inconvenience to themselves; but it is safe to prophesy that in this Coane where things are managed differently, and very little reares is felt for a useless, inconvenient antiquity, where novelty is even a recommendation. The time is not far dia- tant when the American people will no longer put up with such an unpractical, inconvenient, artificial, wasteful anomaly as the present arrangement of our seats of government. Baltimore is a well situated town, as I have said. The lower part, which lies on the Patapsco, within ight of the Chesapeake, is well adapted for busi- ness; the fine elevations of the north afford the most superb sites for private residences and for public buildings. The Washington monument, white and massive, looming up at all times against the sky, and bearing aloft the statue of the Father of his Country,crowns the whole with 9 race and dignity worthy of acity of the Old World. tisto be regretted that the indiscriminate and tasteless employment of grading, has levelled all the elevated points which New York formerly pos- sessed; and it is to be hoped that this process, which thus carried on, ruins both the appearance and the health of a city, will be prosecuted with more judg- ment in futnre. " You are aware that Baltimore possesses a highly refined private society, which retains more of the old aristocratic grace and more American pride than any other in the United States. The Ameri- can feeling, unadulterated by foreign admixture, is stronger here than in any city I lave visited. The people carry me back to the ‘times of Washington. This fidelity to old traditions and old sentiment, ives a sort of colonial air, I allow, to society. The Saltinoreans have not forgotten the revolution; the totes respecting it are yet current in polite circles as sources of amusement ; the battle of Bladensburg affords jests which lave not yet lost poiat. Just fancy that in New Yorka dinner- hon mot should tirn on some incident of the de of 1814, Coming into o polite society, é sign oi wealth and intelligence, > BMC vian topics were discnssed, I felt nyself to have reversed the fable of Rip Van Win- avd to have awaked in time past to find that I been dreaming of the world’s progreas it had been really either going back or ati ig sti}! This recordatio (ompori! acti—this remembering, at cast, if not praising of past times--produces up- ga me, & genfess, au gilect of vast respectability, ct: Santa Anna of com- | ‘nat is the place for | ches, if the United States | land, Charles. | This-impression, which Baltimore makes, of being continuous, to say the least, with the times of our grandfathers and \dmothers, is muoh en- hanced by the names that one hears and the persons that one meets init. When one, in anevening re- union, makea one's bow to a venerable laly, who, we are told, is the daughter of Charles Carroll, of Carrollton—when one listens and lange at the caus- tic conversation of another, over whose marriage, half & century ago, a Pope and an Emperor corres- ponded and negotiated—one is really transported into the past, and comprehends what in New York requires a powerful imagination to comprehend, tha the history of the American Revolution and of » ward of the great Napoleon, is not merely a well | tten romance. . The distinguished lady to whom I have last allud- ed, has been to me one of the most interestin; | sonages that [ have met in Baltimore. The sister- | in-law of the greatest genius of modern times, the aunt of the extraordinary man who has revived in so wonderful a manner the empire of Napoleon, the wife of an ea-roi, the only surviving female representative, whether by blood ‘or marriage, of that remarkable first generation of the Bonapartes—her husband (from whom she has been separated for half a cen- tury,) being the only male survivor, aud the only Bonaparte of the original imperial family of the brothers and sisters of Napoleon, herself the coanect- ing link of that mysterious and it wouldseem fated nuptial chain which connects the Bonaparte dynas- ty with the New World—she is certainly a very in- teresting character, especially at the present mo- ment, Madame Bonaparte, as she is termed in her socie- ty, is still a beautiful woman, although she must be nearly seventy; but there are some women who never grow old—time touches their charms with such regret. She dresses with care, and even on certain occasions, with magnificence, in what is called the English Duchess style, and with her still arms, 80 celebrated once, white a3 in youth, off with jewels, with the ree of her com- on and sweetness of her smile, justifies the epi- ae thet I have used. : Those who are honored with her more intimate acquaintance speak of her as possessing rare social powers. Having known a host of celebrated char- acters, both male aud female, sovereigns, wits and beauties, her conversation is rich, I am told, in sou- venirs which are cay interesting to any one who is well read up in the history of Europe since the rise of Napoleon. And if the portraits which Madam> thus sketches off are somewhat keenly touched | with satire, one remembers that the world has not been just to this woman, who having made in early youth, as did many of her immediate female con- nexions, a very brilliant foreign marriage, had the mortification to see herself divorced in the first year of wedlock by an act of arbitrary, despotic power, | was forbidden by an irresistible mandate even to set foot in the country of her husband, saw him | abandon her for a crows, her conjugal rights et | ed ‘by a princess, her son supplanted by the ille- gitimate fruit of her husband's infidelity, besi/es all the misfortunes of the family to which she was allied, with which the world has rung, and their almost miraculous restoration to power, in which she alone has not participated. You will ask whether the Baltimore society rivals ours in taste, information, talent and accomplish- ments. To tell you the simple truth, the good Bal- timoreans are not very literary; there is not, per- haps, a city on the Atlantic coast where the book market makes a poorer are I believe there is not.a power press in the cil poe ys employed in the newspaper offices; in no circle does the con- versation ever upon the literature of the day, | aud you would do well to avoid any such topic, lest | ra should have the air of being a bookworm; the st symptom that I can quote of a rising taste for | intellectual Byres is the very general practice of | reading the New York Hrratp, which arrives at | about seven P.M. every day, and occupies some | two hours of the evening of the more intelli- gent and wideawake portion of the commu- | nity, who are looked upon, in consequence, as oracles by the rest, so that virtue here is ita own re- ward. ere are some beautiful pictures in the houses of the principal citizens, but no little galle- ries, like so many that, I sigh to remember in New | York; ror again is there a very lively appreciation | of works of art, which is not to be wondered at, you observe, because it is the presence of fine galleries, ‘ the frequent sight and contemplation of sculpture | and p: ntings, that form this kind of taste. But | music is cultivated with great zeal and rare success. | The ves. Gpwiny room nerformancer hy pure ama: tours, [have éver heard, { Rave heard in Baltmaime: e Baltimoreans apply themselves at charm- ; the Baltimorea ly. themselves to that ch ing pursuit seriously, ardently, and they succeed in it. A certain aristocratic air is thrown over it by | the ie with which it is managed; moreover, the high- bred harp is not neglected for the deafen- | ing thrum of the piano, and when one listens to ad- | mirable playing on this noble and ancient instru- ment, with its rich and difficult simplicity, by a lady | bearing possibly a name that is famous all over the Union, one is doubly enchanted with the pleasure of the sense and with the picture of manners. | _ By the way, as a stranger, I have noticed one pe- uliarity of Baltimore society—and I know only one ircle that is entirely free from it. You hear so | much about “good families.” “Mr. W. belongs to | one of the first families of South Carolina, but Mrs. | W. (more’s the pity). was nothing at all.” “Charm- | ing woman is . A.” “Oh, certainly, she is trom | the Eastern shore—one of the old families on the | Eastern shore.” ‘How could Mrs. C. marry C., she | being of such a good family, and he of none at all?’ And va discorrendo. Nothing but good families, and families that are not so good. Now am an_ unprejudiced | person, and I think no worse of this kind of talk; it Seems to me no more vulgar or snobbish than that with which we are familiar atthe North. “Miss so-and-so has made a very match. Mr. Y., whom she has married, is worth two hundred thonu- sand dollars!” “ Very respectable family are the ——; they own a great deal of property.” Iama pintoepber: and I only take notice of the thing as a rait. lam very proud of my own family, moreover, being Ney descended from the great first colonist; also, from the eed rite Mortimers, Nevilles, Beauchamps, Bohuns, Percies, Cliffords, Montagues, De Veres, De ee and indirectly from the Bouillons, D’Estes, Hohnzollern, &c., &c. It is true that I am unable to make ont this pedigree, step by step; but I can demonstrate it in the , 28 is done by Dr. Southey in the first volume of the “Doctor,” ‘where he shows by a simple arithmeti¢al calculation | that every Englishman, and consequently every American, of English descent, now living, is de- scended from the whole population of the period of the conquest, even (I Suppose) including those who never had any children. If they’re not lineal ances- tors, they’re collateral, any way, and a collateral | ancestor of distinction is always a credit to one’s escutcheon. ,, This letter is running on too long, so I will le it toa close by one piece of information about Balti- more, which, unleas I mistake, will make the New | Yorkers sigh with envy and despair. Owing to the elevation of the parts in the neighborhood of the | Monument, which is the fashionable district, and to the rapidity of the slope thence toward the rivera | which skirt the city, every rain makes short work | with cleaning the streets, at least in this superior | quarter; an there is a consequent freedom from offensive sights and smells, of which, I venture to say no Gothamite under your present government can formany idea. Yours, truly and alliteratively, Rorcs Ramscer. Our Sea Side Correspondence. Berstey's Port, Cape May Co., N. J.,) e une 23, 1854. ‘ Location of Beesley's Point—Surf Bathing—Hunt. ing and Fishing—Ornithological Items—Hotels, &c., Fe. J have escaped for a few days from the active lite of the city, and here breathe the pure and invigorat- ing air of old ocean. Tired of unmeaning formality, I determined to avoid the more exclusive haunts of fashion and lose myself, if but for a short time, where nature could not only be found, but freely ad- mired; and here I am, Beesley’s Point is near the southern extremity of New Jersey, about thirty miles from the more pre- | tentious Cape May. It is situated on the beantifal | bay of Great Egg Harbor, whose waters teem with fish and is but a few miles from the Atlantic—the solemn roar of whose waters is my nightly lnflaby. Those who are fond of surf bathing reach the outer beach in excellent sail boats, while those who prefer revelling in the still waters find a beach but a few steps from the hotel. 2nlike many places upon the sea shore this is not a dry, sandy, burning beach, | but is backed by a pleasant country, running green | to the edge of the waters. Beesley’s Point is a noted place for marine birds, and sportsmen avail themselves of the advantages it | possesses in the proper seasons. Wild dacks, geese, snipe, &c finest fish yield to the insinuating attentions of the | expert angler. Although the season for hook and | buta f jays since captured six excellent sheep's head ‘oor three hours, Those who have tasted this highly prized sea tmutton will appreciate his success. lbave much amused and instructed myself by observing the different varieties of birds which hore abound. (a {be carly morning it pains melody; | ‘ reward the skilful gunner, while the | & line fishing has aot fairly coramenced, a fisherman \ , the house sparrow, all sei dala 3 an r hover ar their ly concealed nests, and seek by e™# device to draw the intruder away from their nity. We found yesterday a young sni bo large a8 & mouse, and yet unable to fly, tryin hide itself in the grass. ° Our companion too bis hand, but the little thing was a a he laid it down again. it ran awa: PPY: doubt, to escape from the dread ogre. Appro the water we watch the osprey, or fish hawk’ curing its breakfast. The fish hawk sails above! water, ata considerable height, eagerly scanug| the surface for its prey. When it observes a fis swoops down upon it with great velocity, and g: rally succeeds in catching it in its powerful tal) Sometimes the fish is too heavy, and after Sev™.| effectual attempts to raise it, the hawk aband it for another. It happens occasionall: talons are so fixed in a large fish as to be inex] cable, and the hawk is then drawn down i} drowned. They have been taken in the nets ¢) entangled. But if the prey is secured, before joying it the osprey must cften undergo ano ordeal, as he is sometimes set upon by the eagle, attempts, and generally succeeds, to rob him of # spoils, Then ensues an exciting scene. The eagl deavors to get over the hawk, who exertsevery en to soar above his dreaded hacen And th the ise to the clouds, alternately o’ertopping e: other, until the hawk test, with a cry of disa disputed prize. Swiftly than an arrow the eagle darts down upon, and c ing it in its talons, before it reaches terra firn ings its fight to some gigantic tree, where it enjoy the plunder undisturbed. I have beea that when high in the air, if the hawk seems d osed to hold on to the fish, the edgle will dive ler him, and wrest it from him with his more por ful claws. i We were much amused at observing, a few d since, the actions of a pair of ospreys, whose ne containing three young birds, was built in a lar, tree, near which we had approached. They fid about in circles, screaming angrily, and at ti swooping down as if to attack us. For a half ho they wheeled about in the air, keeping up a.sh ery, the female often settling down almost to ¢! nest which contained her love qoone, ones, but ni alighting, until we relieved them by dep These birds bad built for years in the: tree, and hb become great favorites with the farmer upon who: property they had erected their airy mansion. T! same afternoon a boy climbed up the tree and rob! the nest of two of the yor the desperate resistance of the mother bi came within two or three feet of the pl but was deterred from an unavailing attack by formidable club, which he had the prude: to provide himself with. The boy, however, having secured his prize, abandoned his property it the next morning, upon which we placed oung ones upon the ground near the nest, hoj that the old birds would take care of them Towards nightfall the farmer and a_bo} eS the lot, cbserved the young, which tI ones had pecan not fed, and the good man’ heart being touched, he sent the lad up the tree restore them to the nest. The nest is very and most difficult to get at, but the bi in replacing one; the other he put on the outside, and as night was fast falling, left it there and ried down. They had gone but a few steps when fell off and was killed; we saw the heads of other two protruding above the edge of the next morning, enjo; the sun after a breakfast fresh fish which pa rovided, and now the bability is they will live to become old, and we h well behaved, hawks. The hotel here is kept by Mr. Richard Stites, whom upon week days we call familiarly “ Dick.’ It is a very quiet ana comfortable establishment, where the guests receive every attention, and is void of that ostentatious le which is rather an. noying at “‘ fashionable p! .”” Tt can. be reached) via Cape May or Philadelphia. At the latter place the Ridgway House, foot of Market street, is the starting it. The trip is made partly by the Ab-; secum fatlrond and partly by stage. my next = will introduce to ee readers some of the eee ities here sojourning. AWE, | i Theatrical and Musical. Broapway THEATRE.—Two very attractive dra- mas are announced for the amusements of tomor- row evening. The first is the new local drama of ‘Dick, the Newsboy,” Mrs. B. Williams as Dick. Mrs. Navle and Miss A, Gougenheim will also ap- “Miss Brtce WM dang & pas a the en: Renae will close with t! 2 Goméstic i mech “Treland as It is,” Mr. Williams as ‘at. Bowery THEATRE.—To-morrow evening Mrs. Macready, an American actress of considerable re- putation in the Western theatres, will make her first appearance in this city. She will sustain the cha- ae Aer pope the o 0 ray rops Mt preterinpes Be | + —not, however, wit! 5 racter of the Countess in the beantiful play of Love, ‘ inza will make Ae R. pelaeacs Be sett, Mad. Olinza er ascent on the tight-rope from the stage to the gallery. The Bowery Minstrels will appear, and “Lover's Quarrels” will conclude the stiarommctig Niszo’s TaEarrr.—The entertainments for Mon- day evening consist of an overture by the orches- tra, which will be followed by the military comi¢ antomime of the “‘Woodcutters,” and the grand cot ectacle of the “Green Monster” will con- clude the amusements. There can be little doubt but that this neat and well-ventilated theatre will be filled by the admirers of the Ravel Family. Narronan Tireatre.—The manager of this the- atre announces the appearance of three celebrated artists to-morrow evening. The amusements com- mence with the play of “Damon and De a Mr. J.G. Hanley as Damon. Herr Cline will appear om the tight rope in his graceful feats, and the enter- tainments will conclude with an original drama, with Mr. G. Locke, the Yankee representative, aa Darius Dutton, and Mrs. Prior as Mary Gilborn. American Museum—A bill of great variety ‘s of- fered for the amusement of the visitors to this es- tablishment for Monday afternoon and evening. The. pleasing pieces cf “ Middy Ashore ” and 1 Domes. tic Economy ” are selected for the afternoon, and the new comedy of the “ Hope of the Family” wilt be presented in the evening. i Cunisty’s MinsTRELs.—Among the great variety of negro melodies announced for Monday eve! are ‘‘ Massa’s in the Cold Ground,” “ Nancy Gray, the “ Virginia Rose-bud,” &c. The concert a la Jal lien will likewise be given, and “ Life among the Southern Plantation Negroes.” Woop’s Minstrer.s.—The first part will be negro melodies. The second will be afgrand burlesque Musical Congress, and the third will be the new * burletta of “Black Douglas,” in three tableau, George appearing as Nebraska Bill Douglas, in which char- acter he excites great laughter. Bucxry’s SerENADERS.—The new burlesque of “Cinderella” which has been in preparation for some time, will be presented for the first time to-morrow evening. It will be played in four acts, with new scenery, &c. Dandenah, G.S. Buckley, and Cinder- ella by Miss Eleanor. Hirroprome.—This establishment will be opened on Monday evening, with a splendid equestrian com- pany. They will perform all those ogee feate which were generally admired when they last ap- peared in this city. CastLE Garpen.—A splendid concert will be giv- en this evening by Adkins’ Brass Band. We know of no place where an evening can be whiled a’ with more pleasure. The air from sea and land 4 refreshing, and the scenery is delightful. The ad- mission money is so small, we presume the Gardea will be crowded. Superior Court—General Term. Before a fall Bench. DECISIONS. June 24.——August Weber vs. David Safarty.— Judgment affirmed. lenry J. Ockershausen vs. Alfred B. Sarratt fe-— Judgment for plaintiff on the verdict. homas Neilson vs. the Commercial Mutual In- surance Co—Judgment for plaintiff for $131, with costs to defendant. Daniel D. Howard vs. Henry Doolittle, Judgment for plaintiff, for whole amount, with $50 costs, as agreed upon. George Marron vs. Peter Clinton.—Judgmene at special term affirmed, with costs. envy L. Van Wyck vs. John McIntosh—Motion for new trial denied, and judgment for plaintiff om verdict, with costs. T. Stokes Dickerson vs. Thomas Carnley, Shff— sageneae for plaintiff on verdict. ward Saul vs. Charles W. Kruger.—Jadg- ment affirmed, with costs. COURT REPORTER CONTEMPLATED, On a petition of the New York Bar, Mesers. Noyes, Fullerton and Evarts were appointed a com- mittee to advise with the Court in relation to nae eS of stenographers to attend the: Cor ke minutes, &c., in order to facilitate the increas- tag business of the Brever Pay.—A breveted officer applied at the | Treasury Department fer arrears of brevet pay, um der the law of July 6, 1812, for commanding be kc., at various peviods from 1837 to 1853. Im the settement of his account, it was held that the 4th section of this law, which allows additional pay and emoluments to brevot officera “when commanding separate poste, districts or detachments,” had beca superseded by the act of i116, 1828, which pro- vides that breveted officera “shall be entitled te and receive the pay and emoluments of their brevet rank when on duty, and having 4 command acoord- ing to their brevet rank, and at no other time.” The evidence that these conditions had beem fulalt- ed is to be obtained from the records of the Adja- tant General’a office. The claim wag disallowed. —~ Washington Star, June V2, \ ——————