The New York Herald Newspaper, June 16, 1854, Page 6

NEW "YORK JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR.. www A, SFFICE N. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON STS. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BROADWAY THEATRE, Brosdway—To Onisa® Bexson —Favorva. BOWERY THEATRE, Howery—Hepzew Sonw—Ronr @Mons—Vawaus Hones Tur. NIBLO’S, Brosdwsy—Evorzuent—Grees Monsen. WATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham street —Ev. THE Parnomss—Mounrain MaiD—Magio Wail.” WALLACK’S THEATRE. Broad; LpreR’s Courr- ‘emr--Tux Wonper- -Sxercmes in Inpia.* - AMERICAN MUSEUM—Afternoon—Tux Farry Licur Qvanc—Tae Partition Sur! RAPPARLLE. . CHRISTY’S AMERICAN OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broad- wey—Ermorian Mavopres ny Cunisty’s MineTaa.s. WOOD’s MINSTREL HA! 444 Broady Movsrantey—Bunuerta oF Dow's nous Tom’s Ca: BUCKLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, 539 Brosdway—Buox- aev’s Erniortam Orexa Trovrs. ‘Bruroriay BIN. New York, Friday, June 16, 1854. To the Public. ‘The New York Herat has now the largest circulation of any daily journal in Europe or America. The Daily Huna.p circulates nearly sizty thousand sheets per day. ‘The Weekly editions—publiahed on Saturday and Sun- @ay—reach a circulation of nearly seventy thousand sheets per week, ‘The aggregate issue of the Henacp establishment is Sout four hundwpd thousand sheets per week, or over teenty millions of sheets per annum. ‘ ‘The News. FROM WASHINGTON. Under the telegraphic head is given a sketch of the proposed modifi ms to the tariff act, as agreed upon by the ittee of Ways and Means. It will be seen that the bounties heretofore granted to fishermen remain untouched, which leads to the supposition that the proposed reciprocity treaty with the British provinces is not regaraed with that degree of favor claimed for it by certain parties. The maximum of revenue to be collected under the provisions of the modified tariff is foriy-five million dollars. We shall take occasion to give our views at Tength on this subject hereafter. We have had all sorts of rumors, both from Wash- ington and Madrid, relative to the settlement of the Black Warrior affair, but it seems it yet remains an open question. In another colamn may be found an explanation from the organ of the Cuban gov- ernment of the various outrages committed against the persons and property of our citizens in Cuba. Of course the conduct of the officials is fully justi- fied in these explanations. It is said that the nomination of Mr. Westbrook to the office of United States District Attorney for this distriet meets with the cordial approbation, both of the delegation in Congress from this State, and also of all the prominent politicians. In the Senate yesterday a bill was reported pro- viding forthe payment of the creditors of Texas, coming within the act of September 9, 1850, and appropriating $6,500,000, to be divided pro rata among the holders of bonds or other obligations for which the revenues of that State were pledged be- fore ita annexation. A synopsis of the provisions -of the bill is given in the telegraphic report, but it is suggested that they will merely serve as the groundwork for the Senate in its action on the sub- ject. Mr. Clayton gave his views at length in favor of the bill granting land to the indigent insane, and in opposition to the President's veto. With regard to the exercise of the veto power his remarks wers similar to the arguments advanced by whig poli- ticians generally. He cited instances of recom- mendations by democratic Presidents of appropria- tions of the public lands for objects analogous to that provided for in the bill, and closed with an eloquent appeal in behalf of the measure, on the ground of the philanthropic purpose sought to bo accomplished. In the House the bill amending the postage laws was taken up, and Mr. Gerrit Smith moved to amend 80 as to provide that the act shall remain in force for two years, and at the expiration of that time the Post Office Department be abolished. There is a deficit of two millions in the revenues. Instead of at- tempting to abolish the franking privilege—which everybody knows will never be done, as members of Congress are the last persons in the world to relin- quish such a privilege—or to increase the rate of postage, which the universal sentiment of the coun- try is opposed to, why not at once appropriate from the treasury a sum sufficient to make up the deficit of two millions. The proposition to increase the rate is idle. In committee on the Genéral Appropria- tion bill amendments were offered providing com- pensation for the public officers in the new Terri- tories of Nebraska and Kansas, and also making appropriations for certain custom houses—those struck out of the Deficiency bill. Our despatches contains several interesting items of intelligence from Washimgton. There seems to be no doubt but the House will concur in the Sen- ate’s resolutions for a recess during the hot months of summer. The appropriation for the salaries of the officers in the new Territories was moved in the House yesterday, and it is stated that the nomina- tions have been made and will be sent in to-day. This will end that matter. A treaty with Japan is in course of preparation, and it will be submitted to the consideration of the Senate as soon as possible. AFFAIRS IN CUBA. A letter will be found in another column from our Havana correspondent, in which he makes some in- teresting comments upon the polititical and social condition of the people of Cuba, and their capabili- ty just now of undertaking a revolution. BROOKLYN MATTERS. The Excise Commissioners of Kings county are on trialin the Court of Oyer and Terminer charged ‘with misdemeanor in granting licenses to sell ar- dent spirits to improper persons. This investigation is of considerable importance, as it will probably result in a judicial decision as to the extent of power which may be exercised by excise commis- sioners. A full report of the case is given else- where. In the case of the Farleys, the jury had not yes terday been able to agree upon a verdict. The Judge appears determined te keep them ont until ‘they do. APFAIRS IN THE CITY. A very curious case of the alleged lunacy of Mr. Thomas Dunlap is now pending before the Su- Preme Court. It appears that Mr. Dunlap wasa juror on the De Corn trial, which lasted some days, and he there contracted a severe cold, which led to 8 protracted illness. Some of his relatives construed this into a fit of insanity, and procured an order of inquiry into his state of mind, which was granted with the express proviso that Mr. Dunlap should be present at the investigation and be seen by the jury. This proviso, however, was not complied with ; evidence was adduced on the part of Mr. Dunlap’s relatives, and his lunacy pronounced upon ex parte testimony. He was consequently confined in the asylum for several weeks. Yesterday his counsel wpplied to Judge Roosevelt for a ¢upersedeas, which the Court granted, directiig Mr. Dunlap’s relatives + 0 show cause why the alleged lunatic should not be ‘estored to his liberty and the full possession of his yroperty. Mr. Dunlap, who was in court, conversed reely with several eminent members ef the bar and ther gentlemen with whom he was acquainted, and ppeared perfectly rational and sane. Judge Barculo, of the Supreme Court, is lying angerouely ill of chronic diarrhoa, at the residence fhis father in-law, in Nineteenth street. The improved feeling in flour previously noticed Canada vanced from a2 maintained without change in og, as in better demand for export, and HERALD, | } oone cases, it was said, showed an advance of about a half cent per pound gince the receipt of the Arabia’s news. The Democratic Republican General Committee which meets in Stuyvesant Institute held a meeting last evenin:.. A full report of the interesting pro- ceedings may be found in another column. MISCELLANEOUS. In the Legislature of New Hampshire on Wedaes- day there were three unsuccessful bullotings for State printer. The ball of the House of Represen- tatives was on Thursday occupied by the Demo- cratic State Cenvention, when no doubt arrange- ments were made for the elestion of United States Senators to-day. The chances of the candidates of the President are considered as somewhat precari- ous; but the cohesive power which has so often healed up divisions in the ranks of parties may again, if brought into requisition, unite the factions. At alate hour last night we received a partial ac- count of the doings of the State Convention. Na- thaniel B. Baker, the present incumbent, was nomi- nated for Governor, and Mark Noble for Railroad Commissioner. Resolutions endorsing the Presi- dent, couched in the most fulsome terms, also the Nebraska bill, and the Baltimore platform, were Proposed; but the prevalence of lightning to the eastward prevented us receiving the close of the proceedings, although there is no doubt the resolu- tions were adopted. Advices from Port au Prince to June 2 have been received, but make no mention of the reported in- vasion of Dominica by the Haytiens. The country was tranquil, s0 we presume Soulonque had re- lapsed into that lazy state so congenial to his race: The market was glutted with provisions. Coffee was scarce and in demand, a great number of Eu- ropean vessels being at Poit au Prince. A disastrous conflagration occurred at Worcester, Mass., on Thursday afternoon. It burned over a space of four acres, including the principal manu- factories of the city, located on Union, Exchange and Cypress streets. The loss is estimated at from three hundred thousand to half a million dollars, about oge-third of which is covered by insurance. A bill similar in its provisions to the Maine Li- quor law was yesterday passed in both houses of the Connecticut Legislature. Affairs at Washington—The Do-Nothings of Congress. The resolution of the House of Representa- tives, providing for closing the present session of Congress on the 14th of August, has been rejected by the Senate, and that learned body insist upon a recess covering the interval from the 17th of July to the 16th of October, which may probably be adopted by the House. This arrangement will enable the members to be among “the rural districts” through the fiery ordeal of midsummer and the dog-days, and it will give them the privilege of taking a hand in their August or October elections for the next Congress. Doubtless this last con- sideration was involved in Mr. Gwin’s mo- tion, for the spoils policy of ihe administration, the Nebraska bill, the movements of the Know Nothings, the temperance movement, and other causes, promise to make sweeping work of the estimates of the small-beer politi- cians of both houses at Washington. A large number of members, whigs and democrats, hards and softs, especially of the North, hold their chances of re-election upon a very slender tenure, and hence there is something of bro- therly magnanimity in the kind and accom- modating resolution of Mr. Gwin. A Con: gressional recess, from the middle of July to the middle of Gctoner, will give to every mem- ber plenty of time for “self-vindication” before his beloved constituents; for if, in the interval proposed, any man who voted for or against the Nebraska bill shall fail to: define his po- sition to the satisfaction of his district, the fault will be his own, or the result of circum- stances beyond the control of the two houses of Congress. Their generosity cannot be im- peached. There is another feature in this plan of a re- cess, which is almost irresistible in its appeal to the patriotism of every member of Congress interested in the matter of extra pay and mile- age. By the law of 1819, if one session of Con- gress shall extend to within ten days of the next session, the members are not allowed their mileage. Mr. Gwin proposes a recess, and that the meeting in October shall be but the con- tinuation of the present session, the pay of the members to go on through the recess the same as if they were in session and doing nothing, which is equivalent to a recess, in a practical view. The advantage, if anything, lies with Qhe recess, including the continued per diem of the members ; for a recess would cut offa large B11 of contingent expenses. Thus far, then, be- tween continuing the present session till Octo- br, and the proposed recess with a continuance i pay, the latter expedient is best ; for it would be an intolerable infliction upon the country to be bored with the twaddle and humbug of Con- gressional verbiage from day to day through he whole summer, and into the middle of next autumn. The very idea of such a thing is oppressive and suffocating. Human nature, outside of Washington, could not stand it, except in the event of war. If there be no other hope of relief, therefore, let us havea Congressional recess, including the continued pay of the members. The people may consent to it as an act of charity, for doubtless a very long recess will occur before many of the satel- lites of the present Congress are returned to Washington again, after next December. Mr. Dawson, of Georgia, said, (and he is a practical business man,) that by having an ad- journment over till October, the session might extend to December, and then no member could receive mileage. Only think of that. The pub- lic interests apparently had nothing to do with this business. It was simply a matter of pay and mileage. Mr. Gwin had made it all straight for the continuation af the pay; but should the (Session extend to December, when the next one will begin, the members would be cut out of their mileage by an existing law. Mr. Badger is the man, however, for overcoming such im- pediments to the spoils. The difficulty sug- gested could be remedied by an amendment to one of the appropriation bills. So it could. Happy thought! A shrewd man, that Mr. Badger. Mr. Gwin’s motion for « recess was finally adopted, 25 to 16; and should the House concur, the pay of the members will go on from the adjournment on the 17th of July to the re- sumption of the session again on the 16th of October, the contingency of the mileage being still an open question. Having thus elucidated the paramount sub- jects of the pay and the mileage of the mem- bers of the two houses, we are constrained to a passing consideration of the secondary and merely incidental question of the public basi- ness—the foreign and domestic concerns of this great confederacy of twenty-five millions of people. In this connectjon, the question which is first suggested, is, why this recess till Octo ber, and the resumption of the session then to be continued till December? Why cannot the necessary bills for carrying on the operations of the government be passed, 80 as to close 4%. to 25c, per barrel. Cotton sold freely, and in | this seeeion finally “by the middte of July’? _ reason is that the public business is but a con- tingent in the catimates of members. They hove other fish ‘to fry. They have the spoils to look after—the eneuing lections for the next , Congress, and various important schemes and | intrigues for the public plunder and the next presidency. We are in the seventh month of the session. | The two houses have passed the Lunatic A-y- lum Land bill, which the Prezident has vetoed; and the Nebracka bill, which the President has graciously approved, including one of our soft shell, free soil Nebraska men, who has been honored with the office which Charles O’Conor positively refueed tohold. A small appropria- tion bill or two, and some private claims have been considered; the House have passed the Homestead bill, and the Senate have passed a beautiful set of railroad land-jobbing schemes, and the equally beautiful Gadsden treaty. They have elected their own printer, rejected George Sanders as Consul at London, and have approved the ajection of Judge Bron- son and the appointment of Redfield as Collec- tor of New York. This is what the two houses have done. What they have yet to do may be shortened to the same dimensions, or extended indefinitely, for the business of Congress is never finissed. It would still accumulate with @ perpetual session, while a dollar remained in the treasury; and that exhausted, busines: would begin anew in schemes to “raise the wind.” The measures still awaiting the action of the two houses, are the principal appropria- tion bills, the Homestead bill in the Senate, French spoliations, patent extensions, and rail- road land jobbing schemes. The Pacific rail- road has been postponed till December, on ac- count of the unreported surveys. The Presi- dent’s veto of the Lunatic bill is undergoing a slow and wearisome discussion in the Senate. Very likely the.action of the Senate will ra- tify the rejection of the lunatics on the same day with its approval of some large gratuity to a gang of unscrupulous railroad stock job- bers. But in all this we can detect nothing to justify the resumption of the session in Octo- ber, after lasting till the middle of July. What, then, besides the pay and the mileage, has induced the Senate to insist upon a recess, and the resumption of the session in October? Perhaps we can guess it. The Washington Union has for sometime past, been keeping up a most ferocious and war- like outcry against the alleged Anglo-Spanish project of the Africanization of Cuba. The Presi- dent, meantime, has issued an indignant procla- mation against the filibusteros. “ Hands off, gentlemen, that’s my affair.” But still the sub- ject is involved in mystery. The filidusteros are hopeful—the Spanish authorities of Cuba are savage and suspicious of foul play. Mr. Soulé, at Madrid, makes slow progress in the work of “ manifest destiny.” It is reported that Mr. Cobb, of Georgia, (who ought to have something,) and Mr. Dallas, of Pennsylvania, (who desires to have something to do for the public good,) are to be sent to Spain to aid and direct Mr. Soulé in his official duties, It is sur- taised that all three may push matters to extre- mitfes, aia ome home with # war close upon their heels. The proposition has been mooted, of investing the President with the authority and funds necessary for the contingency of war during the Congressional recess. Ah! yes! that’s it—the probable ultimatum of a war with Spain lies at the bottom of the obstinacy of the Senate in insisting upon a recess, and a meeting in October; or Cuba may be acquired, incur- ring the necessity of a prompt appropriation of the first instalment of the purchase money for the relief of Spain. Who knows? The action of the Senate, then, upon the s1b- ject of a recess, is chargeable to Cuba. Per haps the administration may also desire the ratification of the Gadsden treaty, as amended by Santa Anna, and some reudy money for his benefit as soon as possible. Still here can be little doubt that ihe Senate believe that, next to the pay and mileage, the existing crisis in the Cuba question may demand the presence of Congress in October, should nothing be done before July. Upon the whole, the pros- pects are that this session of Congress, which was opened by the administration with the de- morelization and disorganization of the dem- ocratic party, will be closed under the bitterest sectional animosities which have ever disgraced the country, and the derangement and disloca- tion of the substantial business interests of the whole Union. Weare thrown intoa revolution, the end of which defies all human calculations. More Potrricat Assassinations.—The Sew- ard men of the North are persevering in their murderous onslaughts upon the prominent members of the whig party. We have seen how bitterly they alluded to Mr. Fillmore’s tour through the South, and how mercilessly they persisted in endeavoring to damage him in his own State. General Scott, their late champion, was not safe from their attacks in his retirement and domestic privacy; the only public act he has done since the election—his course at the court martial on Wyse—was eagerly seized by the unscrupulous Sewardites, and tortured into a cause of reproach. Next came Mr. Crittenden, who, for having pleaded the cause of the son of an old friend on his trial for his life, was villified and covered with abuse; with what effect remains yet to be seen—pro- bably with none other than the very opposite of that intended by the Seward men. It seems however that Mr. Fillmore is the candidate Seward fears most. Again and again we see his organs return to the charge to destroy him, and put all their maliciousingenuity to the test to discover some new fault tofindin him. The last effort is worth notice. It is from the Albany Evening Journal; and rans as fol- lows :— The Northern statesman who. to Southern grati- tuge leans upon a broken staff. » Webster attri- bated his loss of Southern’ cause. The rlave States were for Mr. ‘Webrtes » Tok the fel, wi? th patronage ofthe gorormnent {> purchase delegates with, The slave States will be astonished to find Mr. Weed assuming the office of their organ and spokesman. What they intended before the no- mination, and why they acted as they did there- at, are things well known to many, possibly even to the Albany Evening Journal. And if the editor of that sheet is ignorant of the effect of State street dictation on the Southern mind, or has forgotten what was due to Mr. Webster for himeelf, and what as the nominee and instru- ment of the rescuers of Burns, he is no longer fit to canduct his journal. He may rest assured thot the country at large is neither so ill in- formed nor so forgetfal as to ignore these facts; the friends of Mr. Webster at all cvents will not easily he led to lay on Mr. Fillmore’s houldere a responsibility which they know full well belongs to themselves pean war, immaterial and indecisive as they have been, since the formal declaration against Ruesia by the Western Powers, have affected our money and provision markets as sensibly as the changes in the surrounding atmosphere af- fect the index of the barometer. For several weeks past there has been a declining tendency in breadstuffs and provisions; and the Austro- Paustian manifesto, suggesting, as it does, such an alliance against the Czar as may constrain him to satisfactory concessions for peace, has contributed further to. the reduction of the prices of flour, wheat, corn and other staple ar- ticles of subsistence. The news by the Ara- bia indicates a slight advance in the corn market; but this, we suspect, unless the present hopes of peace are disappointed, will not arrest. the general tendency to a decided reduction. Should the equivocations of this Austro-Prussian manifesto be succeed- ed by a genuine and conclusive alliance of the German States with England and France, we may count upon a continued reduction in the prime necessities of life, according to the prospects of peace; for the continuance of the war would necessarily involve a wasteful con- sumption and destruction of the old and the growing crops of the entire continent—a waste which, by a timely suspension of hostijities, would be saved. This consideration has mainly influeneed the gradual decline in breadstuffs for some weeks past, a decline which will be more *rapid and decided ehould the movements of the Germanic powers in behalf of peace become more definite and satisfactory. In the event of the speedy closing of the war the decline in all articles of subsistence will be marked and permanent; for, in addition to the saving of the growing sup- plies of the continent, the extraordinary breadth of lands devoted by our farmers to the crops of the comitig season will doubtless add a largely increased aggregate to our annual pro- ducts beyond the immediate necessities ‘of our population. _On the other hand, should the shufiling course for self-preservation adopted by Prussia and Austria fail of bringing the Czar to terms, and should the war progress from the extreme out- side circle of operations to which it is now limited, into the heart of Europe, till the whole continent is involved in tho conflagration, the result will indeed be a golden harvest to the American farmer, though not without its se- rious drawbacks to the multitudes of our popu- lous cities, Let the war progress till Germany is drawn into the melée, and we may reasona- bly count upon the rising of the revolutionary elements of the German and Italian States, and of Hungary and Poland. The onslaught upon Russia being thus complicated with a wide- gpread system of popular revolutionary move- ments, one of the inevitable consequen- ces must be the wasteful destruction of all the materials of subsistence, from the fe- rocious instincts of the belligerents in the crip- pling and destruction of each other, to an ex- tent unparalleled in the history of the fiercest barbarians. The supplies of the continent being thus con- sumed by war, including the resources of Odessa, the modern granary of Europe, it would devolve upon the United States and the Canadas to supply the deficiencies thus created. The prices of bread and provisions of all kinds would be correspondingly advanced; and a jargely increased exodus to our shores from the famishing millions of Hurope would further contribute to the famine standard in all the essentials of life. Excessive exportations of bread, and overwhelming accessions to our con- sumers at the same time, could not fail of giv- ing our farmers their own prices for their pro- ducts, nor of reversing the balances of our trans-Atlantic exchanges largely in our favor. What the immediate effects of such famine prices would be in our large cities we almost fear to conjecture. One result would certainly be to drive multitudes of people from the sea- board into the interior, and the addition, in con- sequence, of large reinforcements to all the agricultural and bread-producing classes of the country. We hope, however, that no occasion for any such experiment may occur. We have almost ceased to count upen a general war in Europe. The attitude assumed by Austria and Prussia betrays, at least, their anxiety for peace, notwithstanding their efforts to carry water upon both shoulders. The desire, the manifest policy, nay, the self-evident neces- sity of those Powers is peace. Neither the King of Prussia, nor the Emperor of Aus- tria is secure upon his throne, should the venue of war be changed from the Baltic and the Black Sea to the old continental battle fields of Germany. The very fear enter- tained by their masters of the German, Italian and Hungarian revolutionary elements, though still in a state of repose, may lead to the pacifi- cation of Europe. The dilatory movements of Napier and Dundes promise it, and betray the policy ofthe allies to be rather to frighten ¢he Czar into a compromise, than to thrash him into a capitulation. “But still, should peace be secured, even before the adjournment of Con- gress, the demand for breadstuffs and provis- ions in Europe will probably be fally equal to all the surplus of North America. The supplies of Odessa will be materially shortened; the prevailing scantiness of grain in France and Germany can scarcely be remedied by their growing crops; Turkey and Greece can export nothing, and may require large importatéons; while the British islands, as usual, must look abroad for the necessities of their redundant population. Even, therefore, in the event of a speedy peace in Europe, and a consequent decided and permanent reduction in the prices of American flour, wheat, corn, beef, and all other pro- visions, there is every reason to believe that these prime necessities will still command a price sufficiently remanerative te our farmers to justify their largest capacities of production. Let the small grain crops now ripening for the harvest be carefully gathered in, let the fields ot Indian corn which have been planted be thoroughly caltivated, let all the available spaces adapted to summer vegetables be appro- priated to their culture, for, peace or war, there will be a market for them. Potatoes are particularly a cash article. The average pro- duct of an acre ought to be, north of Pennsyl- vania, at least two hundred bushels, which, at two dollars per bushel, is equivalent to the gross amount of four hundred dollars, or ten times the profit of an average aere of wheat, even at the present prices. Our farmers.of lote years have somewhat neglected this in- valuable esculent, the potato, for fear, perhaps, of the rot; but it is to be hoped that no such | narrow caleulations ha¥e prevented them from planting an extraordinary crop of potatoes the ———_— present, season. The influx into this single port of nearly fifty thousand emi- grants in a single month—the bulk of them from Germany and_Ireland—is an item of consamp- tion which should not be overlooked by our farmers in their estimates of the cash value of potatoes. Cobbett abused the potato as a “dirty root.” It is the prince of vegetables, for upon a pinch it is equivalent to bread and meat combined. “ Bread,” said Boniface, “bread, gentlemen, is the staff of life.” And so it has been from the epoch of the unleavened cakes of the He- brew patriarchs down to the home-made loaf and the baker’s French twist of the present day. Ours is a bread-produciog and » bread- exporting country in the couprehensive sense of the term, According to Wall street esti- mates, the higher the prices of” breadstuffs and provisions the greater the benefit to the whole community, from the balance of trade thus ore- ated to our credit. But we are rather inclined to the doctrine that the cheaper the means of subsistence the happier thé people who enjoy them. Ten dollars a barrel for flour may en- rich the farmer and the speculator, but the masses of the bread consumers, especially in large cities, can hardly be convinced that this high price is to their advantage. In this light, while our bread-producing farmers haye a direct financial interest in the prolongation and exasperation of the European war into as general conflict, nine-tenths of the Ameri- can people have a more immediate interest in the question of peace, and the reduction of breadstuffs and provisions to the schédule of the peace establishment. It is an unhealthy state of things which enriches the few to the prejudice of the many ; and a balance of trade secured by cruel exactions upon the poor is scarcely to be desired. * We have, therefore, no regrets to express for the general declining tendency in breadstufis; nor shall we be inconsolable should the pacific movement of Austria and Prussia result in a still further reduction of wheat, flour, corn, beef, pork, bacon and potatoes. Should Russia be speedily brought to a treaty of peace, and should the aforesaid articles fall to reasonable prices, we shall not even then despair concern- ing the chances of our farmers. They have a goodly heritage—they have the promise of abundant cr6ps of all kinds ; and we are quite sure they will be content with the fair profits of peace, though they might prefer the cou- tinued slaughter of the Turks, Greeks, Circas- sians and Russians, and French and English, with the addition of the royal Austrians and Prussians, and the revolutionary elements of Germany, Italy and Hungary involved in the business of mutual extermination. At all events, the prospect for higher prices depends upon the prospects of the war, and they, upon the whole, are decidedly in favor of peace. New Hamesuee Porrrios—Tae SENATORIAL Exzcrion.——Considerable interest is felt in poli- tical circles relative tothe approaching Senato- rial election in New Hampshire. The administra- tion is also looking with anxiety to that quar- ter, and President Pierce undoubtedly expects that his guard at Concord will be able to whip in a majority of the House to the election of his candidates, Harry Hibbard and John 8S. Wells. It is unfortunate for President Pierce’s hopes that all the democratic members of the New Hampshire Legislature do not possess that con- fidence in his infallibility which they might have had two years ago. They see that he has not covered his native State with glory ; that however clever he may have been in managing New Hampshire politics, he has not been able to keep a straight reckoning since he has no- minally held the helm of State; and that the ship having been condemned by the American people, they are expected to furnish new planks, in the hope that thereby she may be able to struggle a little while longer. They, however, think with the great majority of the people, that the officers, Pierce, Marcy and so forth, are altogether incompetent; that as far as they are concemed, the ship of State might have gone on the’breakers or to some worse place a long time ago. Then there are several nominal democrats pretty strongly tinctured with abolitionism. These gentlemen will be very likely to bolt, if Nebraska candidates are pressed forward by the democrats. On the other hand, unless two straight Nebraska men are elected the administration will be defeated. The administration papers in New Hampshire told the people before the election, last March, that Nebraska was not a test ques- tion. We told them that it was the only test question, and that they should come ont upon the broad constitutional platform ; then staid or fall as the case might be. If.they were beaten, the defeat would have been much more preferable than the uncertain, trimming, dodg- ing, dangerous system of tactics which they are compelled toadppt now. Speculations at this time upon the issue of the Senatorial election must be vague. The case stands thus: The democrats have a ma- jority of three in the House, but they are not sure of several members on the Nebraska ques- tion, The coalition between the whigs and abolitionists is pertect, and it is stated that in order to get the votes of the anti-Nebraska “democrats, the whigs and their woolly friends will cast their votes fer George W. Morrison ,and Joc] Eastman. Mr. Morrison isa democrat, he now represents his district in Congress, and he voted against the Nebraska bill. Mr. East- man wasa prominent Webster whig in eighteen hundred and fifty-two. All the representatives of New Hampshire at the national capital have left their seats vacant, and they are now in Concord, watching, praying, caucusing and lobbying ; there will probably be some swearing before the matter is settled. In the election of United States Senators, both branches of the New Hampshire Legisla. ture have concurrent action ; the House elects, and the Senate’s confirmation is necessary to a final choice. Now the Senate is strongly dem- ocratic, probably there is majority in favor of the administration and Nebraska. Should the House elect Morrison, or Eastman, or any one except Wells and Hibbard, the Senate would refase to confirm the election. It is sta- ted that an effort will be made to have this law altered, so that the Senators may be chosen by joint ballot of both branches in convention, but | it seems to us that. the same reasons which wil) probably prevent the election of Senators just now, Will be sufficient to kill this movemont ; itcan be easily seen that the proposersof the seneme only desire to obtain the same end, | though the means may be slightly sinuous. The democrats have already been beaten on a test question in the House, a» motion to go into an election of Senators, list Tuesday, Perhaps it may | having been then negatived, not be fair to call this strictly a teat question”; but the result of the attempt to force a ballot, previous to the meeting of the State Conven- tion, shows that there is trouble in the camp. It seems very probable that no Senators will be chosen by the New Hampshire Legislature at. this session. Should this be the case, it will be only another proof that the people of New Hampshire, as well as those of every other State, have lost all confidence in the present administration, A few more such blo ws will finish Marcy and company. Tue Discovery or InceNDIARISM.—The in- surance companies seem at last to have awak-- ened to the necessity of searching out the causes’ of fires. Several companies have offered a re- ward of five thousand dollars for the discovery of the incendiary who is supposed to have set. Jennings’ building on fire. We trust the temptation may lead to the detection of the ecoundrel, and hope that even should it fail in this instance, the insurance companies wil. again adopt the same course the next time = large fire occurs without a visible rational cause. Half the fires which occur, we are told, are the work of incendiaries, It is fair to infer that in a large proportion of these cases, a handsome reward would induce one of the- criminals to turn State’s evidence against his associates, and thus a few at’ least of the wretches who keep us in terror might be brought to justice. The fear of some such oc- currence, at all events, would check the com mission of such crimes in future. The Turf. UNION COURSE, L. I,-—RACING. On Tuesday next, the races commence at the Union Course and continue three days, with two races each day. On the first day the sports will commence with two mile heats, and conclude with a race of mile heats, best three in five; on the second day, three mile racing, and mile heats, making Thursday the great four mile day, which willterminate with a sweepstakes, mile heats, closed with three entries. The horses to be engaged will be named the day previous to each race, and anuounced to the public in our advertising columns on the morning of the race, with the colors of the riders. The porses for the first day will be named at Lafayette: Hall, Broadway, on Monday evening next. From thenum- ber of celebrated horses that have already atrived, to- gether with those on their way hither, we may expect te see a good field for each of the liberal purses offered by the proprietors. Highlander, Compromise, Blond, Little Arthur, Garret Davis, Madonna, Henry, Terrifer, Rube, Maid of Orleans, Sam Letcher, Wild Irishmen, Little Flea, Jim Barton, Ellen Batemen, Kitty Hunt, with three from Obio, from Mr. Whitten’s stables, are already im the neighborhood of the course; and Capt. Belcher, of ‘Virginia, will arrive to-day with Red Eye and two others, Mr. Ten Broeck will be on the ground in time with Lex- ington, Arrow, and two others; while also Canada will be represented by the celebrated horses Berry and Charley Riley, and with a host of others. Mr. Gibbons” stables from New Jersey will be here—enough to fill all the purses, and as many more as may be offered. ‘The Union Course has undergone a complete metamor- phose during the last two weeks. The track has been ploughed up and well raked, making it now one of the finiest courses for running in the country. The stands have'also been undergoing necessary repairs and altera- tions, a portion of which will be held in reserve for ladies and families who may wish to witness the exciting sports of the turf. With such fine prospects ahead, we may reasonably anticipate a lively time on Long Island the coming week. Marine Affairs. ‘Tum New Steamer To Reriace tas HomBopt.—The sub scriptions for the building of the steamer to supply the place on the Havre line of the lost Humboldt having been completed, Messrs. Jacob A. Westervelt & Co. will lay the keel next week. The subscribers to the stock comprise several of the late owners of the Humboldt, including Mr. Mortimer Livingston, Capt. Lines, (who commanded: the Humboldt,) Mr. Westervelt, (the builder,) and others, It is contemplated to make her a first class ocean steamer, with allthe modern improvements and conve- niences that distinguish the ocean palaces of the present day. She will register about 2,800 tons, and will’be diago~ nally braced with iron bands throughout. Her estimated worth, when completed, will be $400,000. The dimen sions are as followa:—Length on deck, 284 feet; breadth: of beam, 40 feet; depth of hold, 29 feet. The Novelty Works furnish the engine, which it is stated will beam “oncillator,”’ of great power. Launca aT GREENPoINT.—The steam-tug Mercury, for Messrs. Livingston & Rodgers, was launched yesterday af- ternoon, at 2 o’clock, from the yard of Mr. Wm. Collyer, at Greenpoint. She is 120 feot long, 22 feet beam, 73¢ feet deep, and 200 tons measurement. She will be com- pleted about the 1st of July. Mr. Collyer has commenced laying the keel of another steam-tug, for the same firm, ‘to be completed in three months. She will be 150 feet long, 80 feet beam, and 8 feet deep. Her will be put in at the Allaire Works, and will be of sufficient power to tow first class vessels. Lavncusp—At Port Jefferson, L. 1, 12th inst., by Messrs. Hawkins & Darling, a fine schooner of about 250 tons burthen, called the John L. Darling. She will be commanded by Capt. Henry Smith, of that port. Loss ov Barman Suir BELLA WITH PROBABLY ALL mee Camw. —The schooner Kent, Capt. Hopkins, which arrived at Baltimore on the 15th inst. from Rio Janciro, reports having seen, on the 26th ult., in Ist. 21 85, lon. 88 20, the wreck of the British ship Bella, bound from Rio Ja- neiro to New York. From her appearance, Capt. H. pre. sumes she had capsized, and that all on board had per. ished. She had acargo of 4,300 bags of coffee and 900 sticks of logwood. Mile renal Laz Ain am new line of m between differe: now in prosess of construction ‘oy D maid Ee eoke ee a eee tnd'the Stranger’s Home. ‘they ase to be trea r sels of 2,2(0 tons, and built in the best style of thiscele- brated architect. ’ The first to be launched will be ready to these packets pf Belveraf , established here Advertiser. Personal Intelligence. Disnivauianep Vierrzrs.—There is quite a number of ce- Iebrities sojourning among us. burg, Count Wedgentois, of Germany; ex-President €e- dallos, of Mexico; Mr. Stockel, Charge d’Affaires of Rus- sia, and a number of other distinguished visiters from. Peru, Chili and Europe, are now at the Metropolitan Ho~ tel, and their levees in the drawing rooms are quitea feature. Prince Paul of Wurtemburg is one of the most: celebrated travellers of the age. He has just returned from California and South America, and is now on his ‘way to the East Indies. He is brother to the present reigning Duke of Wurtemburg and cousin to Queen Vie- toria. Ex-President Ceballos of Mexico has with him: about twenty of his most faithfal adherents, who firmly: believe that the star of their chief will be soon again im the ascendant. They are anxiously awaiting the course of events in Mexico, and the result of the contest going om ‘between Santa Anna and Alvarez. We understand that the appointment of one of the Commissioners of Emigration has been tendered to and. accepted by Elijah F. Purdy, Keq., by Governor Sey- mour. We learn that he takes the place of Mr. George. W. Blunt, LA On dit, that Senator Weller, of California, during the: coming week will visit New York to be married to Miss Stanton, a resident of this city. ‘The Hon. G. Denn, ce is prevented from Hs hy phic coukin’e inate ld vere domestic affliction. The announcement that the President had appointed: Mr. 0. Barrett, of Harrisburg, Pa., Governor of Nebras- ka, has been contradicted. Gov. Sim , President of the Hudson Company, + says the Lake Superior Journal of the 27th May, arrived here from Montreal by the first trip of the Northerner, en route for the Red River and Fiudson bay, on his annual visit to the interior. The brigvde of canoes from Mon- treal arrived a day or two previous; with these, and his outfit, the Governor proceeds «tones up towards the rea! North, where the mi freozes im summer. They have at Hudson bay but six weeks of water navigation. Rumor has it that the Hon. Jacob Brown, of Misaia- sippl, is to receive the Havana consulship. This ia one of the most lucrative offices ia the gift of the Pre- nident, Col. Wm Bl be able to resume still confix ed to his Biavell, of Minot nh Coared, will nover mae agin. Ho ia lower extremities feat in