The New York Herald Newspaper, May 27, 1854, Page 7

” ARRIVAL OF THE AMERICA’S AILS. ‘OUR LONDON AND PABIS CORRESPONDENCE, @HE PROGRESS OF THE EUROPEAN WAR, “ke, ke, de. Our London Correspondence. Lonpon, May 12, 1854. General Aspect of Affairs in Europe—Split between he King and Prince of Prussia—The Scandinavian States — The Baltic— The Danube—Arrival of Lord Raglan and Prinee Napoleon at Constanti. sople—Recall of the French Ambassador—The In- eurrection in Greece—The Black Warrior Affair— Feared Minority of Government on Malt Tax. Additional details from the seat of war in the East, but’ no new facts, is all that I have to report @o-day from the actual theatre of hostilities. Thus wre have an Hnglish version, a French version, and “® Russian version of the bombardment of Odessa. <The English version is from private sources, from he indefatigable “own correspondents” of the Gondon morning journals ; the French and Russian Wersions are official, It is to be regretted that the {English Government does not immediately make wublic any important facts, such as the bombard- ment of a town. It is only to-night that the account appear in the Gazette, when everybody already everything. This was brought forward last pight in Parliament, and itis to be hoped that it aril be obviated, the more #0 as the French officia Wersion appears, and is read by every one, before #he English account is made known. ‘The most important piece of news I have to send ‘you, is @ breach which has taken place between the ‘King and the Prince of Prossia. Popular feeling as reached such a pitch now in Prussia, that the -Prince, who is heir to the throne, thought it his guty to remonstrate with the King upon his Russian sympathies. Hot words ensued, and the Prince has %hrown up the military command he held of the Shenau provinces and of Westphalia. He has left ®erlin, and gone “‘on his travels.” The more the ‘King is reproached for his Russian policy, the more wbstinately does he adhere to it. General Bonin, an ble statesman and gallant old soldier, has been @ismissed from the post of Minister of Foreign ‘Af- faire. Chevalier Bunsen, who for years has repre- Bented Prussig in London, has resigned, much to the regret of all men who had the pleasure of his @cquaintance, and to the regret of the majority of Prussians ; and now the heir to the throne has ‘ome to an open split with the King. Something gerious is anticipated at Berlin. It is scarcely probable that Prassia, after signing Zhe recent protocol at Vienna, .nd ihe treaty with \Austria, will openly join Russia ; but it is quite evi- ent that the King is resolved to do nothing e Czar, and to maintain neutrality at all cost. ‘The news from Austria, on the other hand, con- Sree ne Clem Maealy: swans, he Western It is now ramored, and the rumor is credited in many ra, that Sweden, Norway and Den- mar! declare themselves for the W. Powers, hard, hat the perfect knowl of eve inlet 4a the Baltic and Gulfs of and of Bothnia, such allies, at the present moment, id prove most desirable. has ever for the loss of Finland, which was handed over to Russia in 1809 by the treaty of Friedricha- ‘ham, and the restoration of this province would, in future, be a powerful barrier plans of Russian nt. As Louis Napoleon, in his remarkable panphles, (‘Revision de la Carte de 1’Europe,’’ ob- serves: “It is in her extremities that Russia is vul- nerable, and Finland and Crimea must be torn mdoh out of the clutches of the double-headed pootacn ot tg tame mae Th otiation on the [Satori 4 Easpe) and I believe Charles Napier had i: to wait till the French fleet came up to share in the fighting, so as to demon- strate to the world the joint action of the two mari- time ers. rs "Authentic advices from Shumla state that Ome Pacha is determined to make a stand there agains: Causeeetinonin papers axe ful of Sony summsing oc are full of very amusing ac- the sayings and doings of tie English and isa cae le i twei ty. hours unless ve le in nty-four le: Hircisoarum demanding ort torily a French protectorate over the Roman Catholic Greeks was ted. Had he left, it was equivalent to a rup- ire of amicable reMtions between Turkey and France, with French troops actually arriving to pesist the Sultan. The act borders upon folly. All has, , been amicably settled. God us from our friends, is an old proverb. I is very sick and if she does not die she will ever recover Anglo-French remedy. The French make ‘themselves quite at home, and order about the ‘Turks asif they were a set of inferior Lsoty ey and wot their allies. To be sure the great object in view 3s to prevent Russia having ion of the Medi- Serranean and Black seas, and the keys to the eae and the Sultan is to remain porter at the gates Hi England and France have, it is | Hrsependencoand inlegrity of Turkey, oan refuse o BD peti rg tl ves. veut look at of Italy! The French are per- H bs: Lnsicons nave corer wit tem jans have never 7 oper a from Florence, Pisa, Ferrara, Bologna, or thorn. The Athens Sambers have adjourned. The Eng- Aish and French governments have notified their in- tention of taking very stringent measures ‘to put down the Gi insurrection. You are aware that the of Austria’s bride is a cousin of the Kin, Greece, anda Bavarian princess. The me- diation of Austria is therefore expected. Otho of Greece oe oper ; oe yonnger brother, Prince Adelbert resumptive. I & 4 ht, when the debate opens on Gladstone’s financial scheme, there will be considerable aan, especially on the malt tax. A minority of government is spoken of, & F Ro id the rest wot settled Oar Paris Correspondence. Pants, Thursday, May 10, 1854. Excitement Caused ty the Official Account of the Bombardment of Odessa—The French Admiral’s Narrative of the Affair—Recall of Gen. Baraguay @'Hilliers—Les Cents Gardes—Intention of the Emperor to Téiie the Field—Contemplated Exhu- * mation and Transportation to St. Denis of the Remains of Prince Lucien—Cownt Walewski’s Grand Ball in Honor of Queen Victoria—Fash- tonable Gossip—Contemplated Visit of Mad'lle » Rachel to the Umted States. To-day Paris isa strange scene of excitement. It ‘was but a short time since that the telegraphic des- patch which reported the bombardment of Odessa “was received with a curious listiessness almost bor- -dering on contempt; but to-day that the official ac- count makes its appearance in the Monitewr, all is animation and delight. The office of the govern- ment journal has at this moment before it a crowd of eager oustomers, whom no amount of its numbers weems to satisfy. The Place de la Bourse is as fierce- Jy occupied in discussing the bombardment as if the news had reached it for the first time. The weather Doing unusually inviting, the Boulevards are throng- ed with groups of anxious news-cormorants and quidnanes, which literally render it difficult for a «quiet paseenger to thread his way home and des- patch his correspondence to the HaRALp. It appears that the bombardment commenced as varly as half-past six o’clock in the morning of the 224 of April, and continued with more or less ani- mation till 44 in'the afternoon; that two frigates, the ‘Vanban and the Descartes, on the part of the French, and two English frigates, the Tiger and the Samson, themselves within nine or ten cables length foes inert port, which immediately fired upon and so the play began; for the frigates re- turned the terrible effect. The Sanspa- reille and Highflyer, both English, were placed 10 fo mapport te frigates, bat gut of rench of the Buasian batteries, At the same time four other frigates, the Mogador, (French,) the Terrible, (Eng- Jish, the Furious and the Retribution, both Eng- lish, placed themselves ready for action the moment they,should receive orders from the Admirals. The fring continued an hour and a half, when the ‘Vauban received three red hot cannon balls, which compelled her for a time to withdraw; for she seems to have been in some danger of being burnt, and the Caton (French) took her place. At this time, too, the four frigates in reserve, received instructions to add their cannonades in support of the three who occupied the van, which they com- menced doing about half past 10 o'clock, and the seven frigates together seem to have poured in their shot like hail on the Imperial port and arse- nals, where already, symptoms of a general confla- gration began to be manifested. At 12 o'clock the Vaubam had extinguished her fire, and assumed her place. At once lurid flames burst over the roofs of the houses and the barracks of the Imperial port, and almost at the same time, the powder magazine of the port battery exploded, mid the thundering cheers of the English and French crews, when, for the first * of Great Britain and the vine jl renee was heard together in the triumphant song of vic- © work of destruction continued till half-past four. The fact of six English boats ha ‘approach- ed the , for the Lees of flingin, congreve rockets, wl —,. with erable effect, doubtless gave rise, Loe fi ngs a lan was the two were killed, and two younled, and the Eng- lish had one man killed, and ten wounded. The Vauban received all the French di 5 Such a result, adds the French A attests the superiority of our calibre, curacy of our fire when compared with that of the enemy ; and if the art of war consists in doing little ola ‘to expel — Ay it fm is inticted ‘an e enemy, I suspect the ve been, instance, very successful. . But doubtless Admiral Dundas has forwarded, at the same time, his account to the English gov- aaa whence you will have had intelligence in The Moniteur has announced the recall of Gene- ral Bersquey. d’Hilliers, the French ambassador at Constantinople, in order to take the command of the camp about to be immediately formed at. St. Omer. The fact is, that the style of the French military is very often the reverse of that suaviter in modo which is ar lent posed to be the characteristic mark of noch manners; and it is well known that throughout, Gen. Baraguay d’Hilliers has comported himself with o pes which orientals are but little accustomed to. The immediate subject of dispute is said to be the Porte’s wholesale expulsion of the Greeks. The arrival of Prince Napoleon has put a stop to this; but the ambassador nevertheless comes home. Louis Mapoleon is known likewise to be seriousl: hurt at the authoritative manner in which Gene: Canrobert has conducted himself with respect to the accommodation of the troops at Gallip: But perhape this is not the period at which the manners of a Condé are to be looked for. The school of Bonaparte, if it were one of brilliant conquests and sudden reputations, was not certainly of Le Grand Monarque. Great preparations are being made to erganize the Cent Gardes, which is to be selected from the noti-commissioned officers of most yore figure and reputation. The old orangery of the Louvre is being arranged for their accommodation. The Guides will be henceforth the Imperial Guards, 9 body of 20,000 strong. Notwithstanding the nomi- nal appo tment of ry d’Hillier’s to it, it is gene! understood that the Emperor intends per- sonally to superintend the camp at St. Omer. is is known that he has long been devoting all his leisure hours to the study ofthe art militaire, and that whenever the fitting occasion shall arise Christian Powers which had allowed this c tion to be carried into effect; and the iontiobe we had re expressed in favor of the Chris tian poppiation the East were stultified by.such an act‘of im} dence and inhumanity. To save - themselves destruction, the Greeks invoked the protection of the foreign Powers, which man; of them have contrived, on one pretence or another, to obtain. The Ionian Greeks, or those who for such, came, of course, under British protection; similar claim on belt of the’ Greek arcasvens ot ilar claim on e members of the Western Church, _ We are unwilling to comment with unneces sary severity upon condnct on the part of a | foreign ambassador which we have no doubt the French government is by no means disposed to ap- prove, but, if anything were needed to render such a pretence more than ever out of place, it is the ition in which the Western stand at this moment towards the Porte. and France have sent their fleets and ies to t, n Turkey becanse they deny to Russia the right which she claims, of “protecting” a certain po: of the Eastern population professing the tenets of the Eastern Church, and they have repeatedly de- clared that such a@ pretension is inco. nt with the sovereignty and independence of the Sultan. The Sultan, in the exercise of this sovereignty, is advised—as we think, very ill- adv expel the Hellenic population from his , upon which one of the ambassadors sent << Comesienane expressly to vindicate the inde- pendence of the Porte pola in a claim in favor of one sect of Greeks, whic! sone as inconsistent with the authority of the as the demands of Prince Menschikoff himself. This comparison is so obvious that it dis of the whele Gepeticn, and reduces the dispute ad absurdum. ool, proper way of dealing with the difficulty was to Insist, not on privileges and exemptions in favor of a particular ious sect, but on the imme- diate revocation of the whole order of proscription. The Hellenic population is so interwoven with all the relations of trade, society, and domestic life in the Levant, that it is im ible to drive them out without causing very wide-spread sufferings; and their animosity to M man authority would only be increased by discoveri that the Latin converts, who are regarded with no friendly eye, could invoke a protection which no one else possessed. These tinctions of race and of creed are bene fared causes of anarchy and weak- ness to Turkey, which a just and tolerant government would seek to efface by placing every class of the der the protection of the law, common Ropulatien un alike to all; and, if it realy the intention of the French as well as the Eng! government to con- vince the worl’ that the power of the Ottoman em- pire can be maintained and regenerated, it is incon- sistent and unwise to humble the Ministers of the Suit... by demands and threats which they cannot either resist or obey with safety. We trust that the last events in Northern Greece have given a check to the insurrection, and that means will be found to put an end to the acts of fe- rocity which have been committed there, probably on both sides. But the weakness and bad faith of the Greek government, added to its evident leaning toa power with which the two other protectin, States are now at war, raise questions great nicety and importance for the con- sideration of the French and lish Cabi- nents, The iment of the Ba‘ m- ment in Greece has not only failed to the Ceastig fs rapidly as it ought to have done in the rank of independent Christian Powers, but it has produced a state of things, the continuance of which is almost impossible. An upright adminis- tration, an efficient police, and a competent amount of disciplined force to maintain order, are indispen- sable conditions ; and, however we may regret the necessity of a relent occupation of the country, we fear that the result can be obtained by no other means. The important and still undefined events which are now in progress in the East, cannot but materially affect the condition of Greece, either for good or for evil. They ought to connect her more closely with the Western Powers, to improve her government, and to give her a more numerous and contented population ; but, above all, they ought to provide against the danger of extending the infiu- proper and , is determined to show the world that with the name, he inherits not a little of the military genius, ofa pean: The uniform of the Guides will remain as it is at present; that of the Cent Gardes is to be a cuirasse of steel, with the arms engraved, blue sleeves with gold ornaments, white es, jack boots, and casque. je remains of Prince Luoien, the eldest brother ofthe great aoe and formerly President of the oan of F reed, icles ‘ neral eral parte e example nephew of a on the famous 18th Brumaire, are to be brou cht from Rome and consigned to the cathedral of St. Denis, in the spot selected by Napoleon I. for the interment of the p ago of the Imperial house, Lord Cowley, the English Ambassador at Paris, has gone to London in order to be present at the ence of Russia, by causing the Greeks to look to the Emperor Nicholas as their chief protector and ally. The Russian Aseues of the Bombardment Odessa, ee the Invalide Russe, St. Petersburg, April 19.] e extraordinary supplement of our number of April 18 ae) communicated to the public the report of Aide-de-Camp General Baron Osten-Sacken, which gives an account of the attack directed against Odessa by the pe dafeaetn squadron. As our enemies founded thi segreedon upon an in- cident which they represent in avery false light, we think it right to mention the exact facts. On the 27th of March (old style) the steam frigate Furious ao towards Odessa. Two guns without were fired from the laud; the frigate arrested her course without ing anchor, hoisted the English flag, and sent out a boat sand ball about to be given to-morrow (Friday) by the French Ambassador, the Count Walewski, to the Queen of England, and five hundred of the most select of England’s worthies. ae prey as there such a ner Salonen so long an estrangement. I say nothing o! the two countries as heredi foes, or the dynasty of Bonaparte and that of Guelph. The two imme- diate occupants of the thrones of France and Eng- land have been as far as the poles asunder. When Louis Napoleon was the humble tenant of a lodging in Kin, ey St. James, the court of England dis- liked , not only as a Bonaparte, but asa mau- vais sujet, unfit “to come between the wind and Albert's nebility.” It is well known that Napo- leon, though introduced, never had the recognized entrée. r all, this sensibility to the merits of success is only like Granier de 3 extraor- dinary appreciation of Louis Napoleon’s talents as a writer, which entitle him, M. de Cassagnac has just discovered, to be elected a member of the Insti- tute; and as the great Napoleon was one, and held it to be his highest honor, it is quite possible that that learned body may be preparing itself to adopt the suggestion. Mesdames Camille et Palmyra, those queens of the mysteries of lace and tissue, have lately been obliged to sustain a bombardment almost as formi- dable as that of Odessa. Many of the gorgeous and icturesque toilets for the “at the French em- in London are supplied by them; and great has been the curiosity of the Parisian dames to see what their ingenuity, under the influence of Eng- land’s aristocratic purse, can further discover. Diamonds and pearls, and various precious stones, have come here from Turkey to such an extent that dealers anticipate almost a glut in the market. No purchases have as yet, however been made, for the price demanded is exorbitant. It is supposed they came from the Sultan and his nobles, and that when better informed they will consent toa reduction in their present demand. Madamoiselle Rachel leaves the Theatre Francais, and, it is said, is about to repair to the United States. The reports of Messrs. Whitworth and Wallis, commissioners sent from England to the New York Industrial Exhibition, are appearing in the French journals, and nothing can exceed the wonderment and admiration expressed by them at the account which is there given of the enormous strides in invention, in arts, and in pursuits which benefit men and immortalise States, effected by America. ‘bhe Expulsion of the prcoke from Constan- inople. [From the London Times, May 12.) It isa fortunate circumstance that the late un- pl it difference between the French Ambassador at itinople and the Ministers of the Porte lasted but a short time, and that we were informed telegraph of the termination of this dispute almost as soon as we knew of its commencement. Indeed, we have reason to believe that the French government had already taken measures, before the arrival of this intelligence, to obviate the occur- rence of difficulties alike injurious to the independ- ence of the Porte,to the concert of France and nee cause in Wego be pon promul; of the Tar! oO the Greek vekeants from Constan- tinople within fiftee@ays from the interruption of —, = gram g the ie ee Hellenic kingdom ne} Baraguay iers claimed an ae ion from this decree in favor of the Greeks who fess the: Latin faith, and are, therefore, considered to be under the jion of France. The Turkish Ministers as they usually do act when pressed by some inconvenient demand from a foreign Power. They first conceded the boon, and then retracted their consent. Gene- ral y d’Hilliers took fire, demanded nothing short of the dismissal of the ene eruteaar whom the conduct of the war an e: nce id, and vowed that, if satisfaction should embark with his whole em- Pera and Divan; but Lord have the Porte a firm and judicious support, and the French Ambassador was at length appeased. The cause of the since been removed inevitable results Ottomhn territory. Our readers will recollect that when Lord John Russell thoagtt it his dut lace in Hiament, we pointed out some of the and mischievous portion of the Pid nl tion of the Levant was driven out, just like Ticinese whom the Austrian authorities expelled unjust and impolitic ulsion of ty to defend this edict in his ces to which it must lead. The most ind was aad Te- tem of te Archipelago pot piracy with a flag of truce, which came to demand whether the English Consul was still in the town. The boat returned, an answer having been given that the consul had left. The boat with the flag of truce had got beyond the reach of cannon when the frigate advan towards the mole. Faithfal to his orders not to allow a vessel of the enemy to come within reach of cannon shot, the commander of the battery fired, not uj the boat with the flag of truce, but upon the » Which had already received orders to stop. The frigate, pores sailed off as rapidly as possible upon the it shot. On the 2d of April three war steamers—two Eng- lish and one French—presented themselves before Odessa to ask why they had fired upon the boat with the fiag of truce. An explanation was given, but, asthe chief of the squadron wished to have an | answer in writing, Aid-de-Camp Baron Osten-Sack- en sent to him the following note, which we give in its exact terms :— Opresa, April 14, 1854. Aide-de-camp Genetal Baron D’Osten Sacken thinks it right to express to Admiral Dundas bis surprise at pater “i shots were fired from the port of Odessa upon the frigate Furious, bearing a flag of truce. At the arrival of the Furious two ~ were fired without ball, in consequence of which the vessel hoisted its national fag, and stopped her course beyond the reach of cannon shot. Immediately a boat was rent out with a white flag in the direction of the mole, and the officer on duty, in answerép the question of the English efficer, said that the h Consul had alread; left @dessa. Without further question, the boat took the direction of the ship, when the frigate, without waiting for it, advanced towards the mole, leaving the boat - its left, and approached the batteries within can- non shot. It was then that the commander of the battery of the mole, faithful to his order to prevent ay vessel from coming within reach of the guns, thought it his duty to fire, not upon the fiag of truce, which had been respected to the end of its mission, but upon a vessel of the enemy which had approached the land too nearly after having been twice fired upon without ball, the signal to stop. ‘This simple explanation of facts, as they have been re- lated to the Emperor, ought of itself to destroy the sup- ‘ition, otherwise inadmissable, ‘that in the ports of Russia there is no respect paid te the fing of truce, the inviolability of which is guaranteed by laws common to all civilized nations. Baron 0: -SACKEN, ‘Aide de Camp General to his Majesty the Emperor. This reply did not content the allied admirals. On the 8th of April the Anglo-French squadron, com- ed of twenty-six ships, anchored before Odessa. in order to complete the information we have al- ready given, we publish the letter addressed to the Governor of Odessa by Admirals Dundas and Hame- lin, summoning him to deliver up the English, French, and Russian vessels in the port. This letter is dated from before Odessa, April 21, and states that the batteries of the town havin, fired several balls upon the frigate and the boat at the moment the latter left the guns of the mole, where it had arrived in all confidence, the command- ers of the combined squadron required, as a repara- tion,jthat all the English, French, and Russian ships ingthe harbor of Odessa should immediately join the combined squadron, and, that if this were not done at set of sun, recourse would be had to force to avenge the honor of that squadron for the insult offered to it, a resolation which would be adopted with regret, and the ag ov gnome of which would rest upon thore who incurred it. This sum- mons, 48 will be seen, is based = & completely with respect which Baron ae had ven given a pe ex tion. thoupaying any atten ion oe explanations the admirals assert that an English frigate and its boat, with two of truce, was fired upon, although, as above ex) d, the boat's flag of truce was the frigate ‘was not fired upon until it to conform to the notice not to ap) the batteries. Nevertheless the admirals made tnis the pretext of their insolent summons, to which Gen. m Osten-Sacken did not think it proper to give any answer. ioe even did not blash to make @ parade of their sentiments of humanity, and their regret at being forced to adopt the resolution of ee sie town. In order to place the matter at the t of deri- and as to in its true light war Me tesa wld A against us, ves Wig be re Ay Ae Ao ‘uristianity, Saturday (Saturday of Passion a ian town. The thander inded in the churches, where the people, full of fervor and piety, jplined in the at the touch- ing ceremony of the funeral of Him who died upon the cross for the safety of the human race. In spite of all the Bypocrisy of the phrases with which the maritime Powers seek to disguise the part e crescent cross, the facts exbibit they are playing, by ranging themselves on the side of sealant the contrast which exists between the philanthropic doctrines they profess with so much te and the manner in which they carry them into practice, The allied admirals made a false pretence for an im- summons, in which they dare to of of humanity, and hasten to teat their by an odigga act of barbarity—indeed, i i of seretiogions Profanation, when it is considered ious recollections the church of Christ mnaintalns in regard to Holy Saturday, which they chose to ravage and death into a Christian town. | It is, that they had not the satisfaction of disturbing divine service, which, in spite of the bombard- ment, @hich lasted casing twelve consecutive hours, ‘was p with and finished in the temples with that calm and devotion which faith and resignation give to the disciples of Christ. The inhabitants and such of the troops as did not take part in the combat surrounded the churches and fermed part of the procession of the day. As soon as the cannon had ceased to resound, the bells of all the churches pealed in celebration of the solemnity of the Resur- tion. by {From the St. Petersburg Journal, April 30. A fresh report has been received from Aide-de- camp General Baron Osten Sacken, announcing that the combined English and French fleets, which had attacked Odessa on the 10th (22d), had not renewed their attempts upon the town, but that on EKaster- day a French steamer had made an inspection of the batteries, during which a shell, which was fired from the latter, struck the steamer and carried a @ boat which it had in tow. Two days after- 7 the enemy's fleet resumed their first posi- jon. The Baltic. ACT FOR TRADE AND COMMERCE TO ICELAND, DATED eect B Bee 3 1b, ah ft shi . 1. Home traders may employ foreign in their Icelandic commeros, wl ms Sec. 2. Foreign traders may send their ships to the ad nn iting harbors:—Reykjavik, Vest- manney, Stykkisholm, Isafjord, Ofjord, and Eskef- jord. ‘Their arrival must be announced, a sea-pass obtained, &c., before they can begin trading. Sec. 3. Foreign traders may also visit any other authorized tra: place, but shall first bring up at one of the six last-named harbors. The coast trade shall also be open to them, but in no vessel under thirty tons. « They shall also be allowed to sell goods to any settled merchant, and to carry on trade with the natives themselves, but the latter only from sige own ship, and for a period not exceeding four weeks. Sec. 4, Every ship trading to Iceland shall obtain 8 sea pass for each voyage, and this shall cover the various visits to harbors along the coast. Passports can also be taken out in I d for coasting or foreign trade. Sec. 5. Such sea pass may be had of the Home Minister, of every consul in the above- named six Icelandic harbors, and of the land baillie in the Feroes. When used, they shall be returned to the Icelandic authorities at the harbor last visited, or to the Danish custom house next called at. Sec. 6. Such sea pass will cost two Danish dollars for every commerce test (two tons) of the ship’s ae But all previous dues and fees are ato. 3] 5 Sec. 7. Should a ne belong to a State which re- fuses ‘ity, the King may fix higher rates. Sec. 8. Foreign traders shall bring with them a freight list, signed by a Danish consul, or some other local authority, and agbill of healthy. The Danish consul shall claim for such certificates three Danish skillings per ton. i Home ships going to Iceland will have a Custom- house certificate instead of a manifest. On -feaching Iceland, the pass and certificates must be by the police authorities, whose fee shall be 8 skillings per ton. If the whole cargo is not discharged in one district, then 4 skillings per ton shall be paid in each. Sec. 9. Infractions of the above regulations will be punished by fines of from 10 to 100 Rd. to the poor, to be doubled if repeated ; and for these both cae cargo are liable. c. 10. Foreigners must submit to the law of Teeland. The Home Minister will cause an ab- stract of all such commercial regulations in force in Iceland, to be drawn up in Danish and French, of which one copy shall be appended to every sea- pass. See. 11. The King will fix the form of the Ive- landic sea-pass, as now open to all. Sec. 12. This law have force from the Ist Apri, 1855. ‘he Copenhagen cor mndent of the London Chronicle, remarking en the passage of this bill, writes on May 5 thus:—As I had hoped and expect- ed, the Danish Ministry, in its blind hate to almost every law passed by the Parliament, has not been able or willing to veto the new free trade law with Iceland. This would have been to ‘defy England too grossly, which has long submitted to a state of things entirely illegal. The law in question is far from being perfect, or, in fact, what the Parliament itself wished. The parliamentary leaders took care to announce re- peatedly, in both houses, their contempt for the re- strictive, pettifogging principles on which it is constructed. But they were afraid of the veto. They therefore kept very closely to the last meas- ure of the Ministry themselves, and yet even this wasin danger, Orsted threatening to oppose it as now too liberal. Undoubtedly the new law is a great boon, an im- mense advance, both for Iceland and for England. It has cost of agitation, and is wrung from unfriendly hands. y it be as ta blessing to the noble island which it frees from plunder, mo- nopoly, and poverty, as the most eager Icelander can desire. $ The Russians in Montenegro. The Vienna correspondent of the London T'imes, writing on May 6th, says :—The state of things in Montenegro must inevitably lead to some kind of intervention on the part of Austria, We are all well aware that the relations between Russia and this empire are not suchas they were befere the fo: mer 80 rene eulee the ard of Europe by invading the Turkish territory; but no one was pre- to learn that Russia was about to force us in o make common cause with the Western Pow- ers. That she has just taken a step which can hard- ly fail to produce most important consequences you will learn by the ete which is taken from a letter of the 29th of ‘April, nominally from Moldi- via, which has appeared .in the Wanderer of this morning:— A most important piece of news, for the perfect au- thentication of which I ean vouch, is to be communi- cated. An army corps of 70,000 men is to be posted on the frontiers of the Bukovina and Transylvania, Within the last few days the local Russian government has given orders to the governers of the different districts to make most speeay preperation for the new troops, which will be placed néar Herza, Burduschent, Falliceni, Botos- cheni, and T v ‘ergul Frumos, in the circles of Njemzu, Roman, and Bacau. The first part of these troops ccu-isting of two infantry divisions and a few companies of Cossacks hissy he! the Second and Sixth army corps, will cross the ith and enter Moldavia at Lipts- cheni, in the direction of Herza. With these first troops there will be eight batteries of 12 guns each. orders were given to ,the governors of the districts in question to fell the necessary fuel for these troops in the ods belonging to the convents. This ee is so new that we are still igno- rant of the impression which it has produced ia higher circles, but it cannot be doubted that it will be a most unfavorable one. ‘Phe Russians will now | pam! almost the same ground on which they stood before their intervention in 1849. Everything ccunected with military matters is kept as secret as possible, but there is reason to believe that Transylvenia is strongly garrisoned, and the Bu- | kevina, which forms the eastern extremity of Gali cia, has probably not béen neglected. tainly be a most unpleasant task for the Emperor of Austria to proceed actively against Russia, but he is not likely to forget what he owes to himself and his subjects when the day of trial comes. The picparations for war are carried on with unre- mitting energy, bat the movements of the troops are so well managed that the inhabitants of the capital remark little of what is going on. The Pesth correspondent of the Augsburg Gazette, in a letter of tho 28h, speaks of the excessively war- like appearance of the city. Troops are conti y coming and going, and thousands of re-mounts, with tremendous quantities of munitions of war, ass through the city. A complete artillery park Rr an army corps has recently beem sent to the The Pesth writer observes: «A strong impression prevails that on the 6th of May the Save will be crossed in two places. The troops in Bohemia and Galicia will shortly be made moinie, and when this is done the whole army will be on a full war footing.” south-east fiontier. The Black Warrior Difficulty at Madrid. (Madrid (May 6) Corréapondence of London Chronicie.} The cxpedicnte respecting the case of the Biack Warrior steamer has been published in the semi- official Diario dela Marma, of Havana, by express ermission of General Pezuela, and is copied by the Freraldo, together with an article from the same Dario, in which the message of President Pierce on the subjget to the American Chamber of Represen- tatives strony attacked. ‘The Mee es of General Pezuelf, of the 7th and 21st of March, are identical in substance, and even frequently in words, with a former article of the Heraldo, which I seat you, as evidently containing the Spanish official version of the affair, and being based on the expedi- ente—which was the case. ‘The papers now publish- ed in extenso throwno new light on the matter, and the only thing new is that, from the strong expres- sions made ure of in the President's e, and the still stronger terms in which the latter is criti- | cised in the organ of the Spanish Captain-General, it may be inferred that, unless prevented by foreign mediation, the diapnte is not likely to be long con- fined to words, The Diario de ia Marina, stter giving a translation of the President’s message, says: — [The article from the Diario de la Mariaa has already appeared in the New Yorx Herat.) Amongst the documents now publishes is a peti- tion of the “x of the Black Wesrior, Messrs. Tyng & Co., to tl mn of Spain, praying the re- ion of the fine $6,000, and which is drawn u in terms which cerhuinly preclude the idea of their Unagining thas Yoey were justified in taking the ever, consolatory to us to know |- high ground since taken by the Amerioan govern- ment. {The petition of Messrs. Tyng & Co. has also ap- peared in the Heraup.) Tbe Havana Custom House has yielded in the quarter ending Mare) 31, $395,376 more than in the ah nding period of 1863. In January, Februa- ry, and March, 1853, the amounts received were $357,627, $350,608, and $454,795; while in the same months of this year the receipts have been $458,877, $517,967, and $581,560. France. 4 Pants, May"11, 1854. The = nace ath get the official reportjof Ad- miral Hamelin of the bombardment of Odessa. The success was complete. oe al The Moniteur announces fhat General Baragua; d’Hilliers is recalled to France, to assume a high command at the camp of St. Omer. Advices from Athens, of the 2d May, announce calling upon all Greeks to rise in arms against Tur- key. Armaments are taking place at Syra for zipealy. Piratical expeditions are being or- ganized. Another letter from Athens says that the insur- pena in Epirus and Thessaly is completely put jown. Murder of an American Seaman in Liverpool, {From the Liverpool Mercury, May 12.) -#e% Another frightful instance of death, resulting from the use of the knife, occurred in this town about twelve o’clock fast night, a fine healthy youn; man having been mortally stabbed in Preston stree' The facts of the case, as far as we have yet been that General Mamouria has issued a proclamation, ; fending” ia, that at the ofa and after the compuls: Hions of debt, he borrowed toe ane ey, long notice, a sum Le nniae T1380 008, ¥ which never excees that he was a debtor to the bank for pe yee og and that his average liabilities during that period were only £900,000? No one, we think, af- er reading his statement, can doubt that the ob- jections pmade by the bank were not urged in the interest of the public, and that the time has arrived for reconsidering an arrangement which so st: ly calls upon one department of government to justify itself before Parliament and the nation against the attacks of another. We have said nothing here of the enormous cost of the Bank of England to the public—of the absurdity of bor- rowing our own money, or of alienating from the Crown one of the most lucrative and indispensable of its prerogatives. We Tare our selves to ean the anarchy, confusion, anti det- riment to the public service which must ne flow from divided and inconsistent interests; We think that it clearly results that the millions which we place at the disposal of the Bank of land are employed not in the purchase of a but of a loss—not to strengthen our credit, but te epenen jena 2 inoreaao our facility in payments in anticipation of revenue, but to minish it, of ‘Trade of France. ITS KFFEOT ON RAILWAY STOCK. We find the following in the Pays of May 10:. An official return of the receipts of the French railways during the firat quarter of 1853 and that of 1854 has been published. It appears from it that, in spite of political events ri the declared able to ascertain, are as follows:—The deceased, whose name was John Kelly, was a Frenchman by birth, but he has been for many years a seaman in the merchant trade between this port and the United States, and during the detention here of the vessel to which he belonged he has been staying ata boarding house kept by a Mrs. Mack, in New Bird street. He was last night ina public house at the corner of Crosshall street and Dale street, when an Italian seaman, named Hominato Tabacchi Antonia, came into the house in company with a female. He appeared to be under the influence of li- quor, and as soon as he got into the house he commenced to quarrel with the deceased and some militiamen, and others who were there. The deceased, to avoid a quarrel with him,left the houre and went down Preston street to Bowman's ponte house; but the Italian immediately followed jim, and again evincing his quarrelsome spirit,drew a dagger from a scabbard by hisside,and brandished it about in the most menacing manner. The un- fortunate deceased, as though foreseeing what would robably be the result of a qeaeel, again withdrew m the company, and left the house, withont, as far as we can learn, having done any thing to excite the anger of the Italian further than joining with others of the compary in slightly remonstrating against his quarrelsome conduct. The Italian, how- ever, seemed as if he had marked the poor fellow out as an object of his vengeance, and he followed him into the street. As he was passing out of the house, a militiaman, named Henry Moss, was standing at the door, and the Italian made an attempt to stab him; but not succeeding in this, he rushed at the deceased in the most frantic manner, and stabbed him in the right breast. The poor fellow immediately fell to the und, and died on the spot, Police officer Fielding (221) was called to the spot, and with it courage seized the murderer, and found the dagger, the blade of which was then covered with blood, concealed under the sleeves of his coat. He was taken to the police station, and the body of the murdered man was conveyed with all possible coats to the Northern Hospital. The weapon with which the fatal wound was given is a dagger, manufactured at Sheffield, having a blade about three or four inches long, and three-fourths of an inch wide, with a silver guard. On the blade there is the following inscription :—“ Never draw me without reason, nor sheath me without honor.” There was a wound of the full dimensions of the blade in the breast of the unfortunate man. The erday | It will cer- | body still lies at the Northern Hospital, where the coroner will hold an inquest to-day. The Position of the Bank of England. [From tne London Times, May i) The speech of Mr. Gladstone, on Monday night, threw much light on many things, but probably on none more than on the relations between the gov- ernment and the Bank of England. This subject is dually creeping into importance, and assuming Timensions second to none of those with which the | present preoccupation of the public mind allows us | todeal. The principle involved is that of the pro- priety of transacting the business of government preference to the agency of a public department, and much may, undoubtedly, be said for and against this proposition. On the one hand, a joint stock compa- ny has facilities for igen) the best information and the best assistance, together with a permanency and a lively interest in the success of its undertak- ings which are wanting toa public department. But a public department is a far cheaper, more flexible, and efficient machine, and, if it be unstimulated by the hope of individual profit, is not so likely to be deluded and led astray by personal interest. Opinion certainly, during the fast few years, seems to have been running more and more counter to the retention of the joint stock principle among ment. The failure of the railways, not only in managing their own affairs with tolerable pru- dence, but in performing the public duties with which heist? are intrusted, has not been withoutdts effect on the minds of thinking men, and has tended to discredit the agency which has bequeath. ed to us such unsatisfactory results. The discus: | sions also illustrating the expense, delay, and divid- | ed responsibility that result from governing India | through @ company, have created the germs of a} public opinion unfavorable to the permanence of such a machinery. Under all these circumstances, Mr. Gladstone’s disquisition on the relations of go- vernment and the Bank of England is a very se sonable contribution towards an inquiry of daily creasing interest and importance. The very compliments of the Chancellor of the Exchequer to the Chairman and Deputy-Chairman | of the Bank are suggestive and siguiticant :— He casts bgt tree oe on the Bank, Harmony and | -operation oyght always to exist between the bank | and the government. On the one hand, the Governor | and Deputy-Governor of the Bank act as the guardians of the sey arate interest of that e pment, and, on | the other hand the Chancallor of the Exchequer acts as the guardian of the peculiar interests of the public; one | maintains what hé thinks right on behalf of the bank, the other on behalf of the public. | doubt these statements are perfectly true, but hey consistent? Granting that it is expedient t the government should act in perfect harmony | | with the bank—that is, with the agency it employs 0 pay and receive money on its account—is that end most likely to be secured by employing an agency which has an interest pointedly snd obvi- ou: 'y opposed to the interests ot the government ? Anc would not this harmony appear more likely to Le obtained by absorbing these functions into the government itself, by making government, in fact, its own banker, and, instead of the not very intelli- | gible plan of securing harmony by creating a Siveraity. of interest, reudering that harmony absciutely certain by their identity? If our | money affairs are to be always managed by conflicting bodies harmony is impossible, and it is | in to say it is desirable while we neglect the ob- | s means of its attainment. The truth is, by . creating and pampering with s9 large a sum of public money a body like the Bank jot England to | do that for ourselves, we neither iusure harmony nor dis- | | cord; but this we do insnre—that whether the beni. agrees or disagrees with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the public must suffer. Toeir in- terests are opposed in the characters of borrower aid lender, deporitor and depository, and, if the: agree, that agreement is purchased at the public ex, c by keeping a deposit unnecessarily large and by paying interest to the bank for lending us our Gwn money. If, on the other hand, the Chancellor of the Exchequer be not dis- pceed to carry on business in the manner most voutageous to the .bank, and, therefore, least vautuyeous to the public, discord ensues, and by r thet discord the credit and resources of the govera- ment very materially suffer. It isin the power of | | the bank—a power derived from its intimate associ- ation with the government—indircctly to counter- mine @ Chancellor of the Exchequer, to disoredit his | projects, to lower his guthority, and to bring to bear | | numberless eecret LOE effective influences against him, Thus certain evil seems to result from intrust- | ing the monetary affnirs of the public to a separate | | corporation, whether the relations of that cor- | poration to the Chancelior of the Exchequer be | those of harmony purchased with the pas mo- | ney, or discord fomented to the public injury. | One advantage of a public department would be, that it would require no conciliation—that it would merely be an instrament, instead of an sntogonist, and would, at any rate, introduce no anarchy into our councils. It is quite right that our finance minister should have the benefit of hearing the opinions of men who differfrom him as to the best means of securing the public interest; but it seems bard and unreasonable to embarrass an cvertasked minister in coutroversies with persons who do not even profess to be thinking of the public interest at all, bnt are exclusively regardi end sdvocating—as it is admitted they are tous exclusively to regard and advocate—the interest of their owa shareholders, ‘ibe Bank Charter act of 1844 seems likely to bring this opposition of interests ‘ultimately toa crids. So long as the Bank of Enyland could crente money ad tbitum, subject to no other through the medium ofa joint stock company, in | the approved and recognized agencies of govern- | | during the week, and the whole either bo for us which we could do #0 much better | gic a state of war, the traffic has greatly increased. in 1853 the total receipts were 32,634,854f. for 3, Kilometres of railway, and in 1854 they were 40,145,632f. for 4,111 Ticenetees, The reoeigle Kilometre, which in 1853 were only 8,372f. per ilo. metre, were in 1854 9,765f. This is an increase of nearly 16j'per cent. The real cause of this aug- mentation is the increase in our commercial and manufacturing activity—an increase which was proved a few days back by the customs returns and the returns of the indirect taxes, The receipts of the railways which have be come the great means for the circulation of in the interior, are galy. ae form and symp tom of the economic siti of our country. We ‘must, therefore, state once more that, in spite of pean complications, the national commerce, ani- mate iy Jegitinase oe BE i wisdom an@ ener, e ernment peror, regarde without disquietade the events which are being pre~ pared, and neither slackens nor stops any of ite ranch We must also remark that these sig- nificant results prove that railway shares tend day to become more valuable. The expenses these Ther enterprises are at present more and more restricted, either from the termination of the works, or the CSL Saay ns whice science introduces inte the working of them; while the receipts constantly increase in proportions which exceed all hopes. ‘The Very Latest. BALTIO FLEET. The London 7imes says, the French fleet was off Rom- see in the Great Belt. ‘The English on the 7th off the Gottaka Sunde, north of Gothland. The Copenhagen correspondent of the Chronicle states that on y at 2 P. M., five steam frigates anchored af Elfsnaben; and at 4 P. M: the whole fleet sailed, exeept- two frets | a hep Asbo and : Asai 3 ‘Cronstadt reported i The Times correspondent ev Landsoré in Sweden writes on the 4th, that the {Amphion, Captain King, was re- ported to be on shore. in the vicinity of Revel, and itie feared her captain and crew had been made prisoners hy the enemy. ODESSA. May 1.—Inhabitants beginning to return to the town, and shops and places of business 0) again. With exception, however, of a few tional vessels having been chartered to proceed to: the mouth of the Dnieper, for cargoes of seed, there has been scarcely any resumption of business. The bank had removed some distance from the town. ‘ ST. PUTERSBURG. Letters statethat only under the most favorable circumstances could half the expected 100,000 te 110,000 casks of tallow be seht away, while the ge~ neral calculations looking at the means for trans poe are, that the stock despatched will not,exceed. rom 20,000 to 30,000 casks. PRUSSIA. The London Times leader says, the fact’ that the Prince of Prussia has F kdlesae ae ceased: to exercise the functions of military governor of the provinces of Westphalia, and Rhine is the strongest eee proof of the ascendancy ascribed at Berlin the agents of the Russian polioy to which the Prince has been respectfully but firmly opposed. FRANOE. Pants, Friday, May 11, 1854. Bourse pretty’ firm. Funds closed 66.45 an@ 92.90. The National Discount Office has lowered its: rate of discount 1 per cent. SOUTH AMERICAN MAIL. The steamer Thames arrived at South: She left Buenos Ayres, April 4th; Montevideo, 7th, Rio, 14th; Bahia, 18th; Pernambuco, 21st; Madeira, May 5th; Lisbon, 8th. She brings specie value £10,000, and diamond value £7,000. At Rio coffee was dull but comparatively firm. Ex- change very firm, at 28d. a 254d, Moderate business in freights to the channel at 728. 6d. ‘ At Bahia fair business in imports, In sugar busi- ness limited. Cotton nominal. At Pernambuco market quiet. Freighta station ary, with little doing. Money rather easier. Ex- change 273 4. cell Markets, BARING BROTHERS & CO.'S CIRCULAR. Lonpvox, May 12—5 P, In the colonial and foreign produce markets the ness transacted during the week has again been on yery moderate acale. Yesterday the Bank of England raised their minimum rate of discount to 53¢ per cent. Consols leave off 87% @ 88. Bar silver 6s, 14d. bs. 03d. American eagles 760. 6d. By electric tele graph from Tricste, we learn the arrival of the overland mail, with advices to the following dates:—Caloutta 6thy, aud Madras 10th April; Shanghac 15th, Hong Kong 27th, ond Manilla 21st of March, change at Caleutte da. la, Shanghae 59. 84., Canton 5s. 2d. Cocimy®aL continues dull, 275 Fe i have been offered t in or wit drawn, with the exception of 39 bags Mexican black, which sold from 8s, 84. to 38. 11d. for good to fine, being * scarcely previous rates. Cocoa.—Of 250 bags Trinidad at suction, part sold at 88. for good red, and 106 bags Babia at 27%, Corres. —The market continues without animat the quantity offering fs small. At auction, 175 five barrels Jamaica, and 300 casks plantation sold at full prices, 750 bales Mocha were bought in, being no buyers, except at lower rates. Native Ceylon ie quoted 448. a 44s. 6d. the near continental markets there is little doing. At the Conn market on Monday the sappy of | fore: FEE wheat was small, with large arrivals of and flour. Choice wheat sold at other qualities were offered at q and flour at 6d, aj. per bbl. cheaper than on the previowy Monday. The last weekly average price of [ih wheat was 79s. 94., on” 66,511 quatters retu: -day there was more demand for both wheatand floar, at firm prices. In floating cargoes a large business ham been done during the week. We quote white American wheat 808. a 848.; red, 74s. 2 808. per quarter. Ameri- can flour, 368. a 40s. per bbl. Corron.—2,0€0 bales Madras were all tht in 44. a 4454. for fair to fully fair Tinevelly. 100 bales fair Surat brought from ‘ad. a 33¢d., and 100 bales Lengal from 23d. a 25d. At Liverpool the market dull; mid. Orleans, 6 6-16d. i Dxves, &.—Of 184 chests Gum Arabic, about ome- third sold from 30s. 6d. a 31s. for fair amber sorte, 25 chests Gum Olibanum old from 138. up to 36a.5 Myrrh went from 39s. a 130s. for ord. to good; 3% Kast India Insinglusa were bought {in from 1s. O& a 31,200 bags vennee Ctr eer ee vs, 64. a 118. 64. for ord to good. | Hina is quiet, and little business doing. St. Peters- san, nominally, £68; Outshot, £63; Half-cleam, 06 bales Jute in public sale were withdrawn. continues firm ty en quotations. 1,176 ¢ quarterly al comprising chesis, & A on the 9th instant, and are still ceecing, with a small attendance of ba: who | great recerve in thelr bidding, owing no doubt to the | cabanced value of money, and the unfavorable state foreign politics. 6,776 chests have 1.062 have been sold and 8,828 wit! chests for sale. Compared with the «f Eengal prions prices; but al 8.0 28. per quarter, Troy.—There is a fair demand for rails at £7 15s. a £8, and for bars at £8 2s. 6d. = £8 5s., both free on board im Wales. Scotch pigs not quite so firm; mixed numbers on the Clyde, 828. a 828. 6d. wie dull. Sheet, £25 10s.; Spanish pig, £28 10s. a Lanp flat, at 50s. a 54s. for Western. Luverxp Carys in good demand, and several pareels of foreign, both on the spot and to arrive, have been taken | at full rates. Eovge e Whip. "wenioe, te ‘Woon beak ship. | terior, £10 Ts. 64. & 210 bn | Th. 6d. 0 26 be., cont, f and insurance, thi for arrival. Moiasers.—A few hhds, St. Kitts have been-wold at 16a. O1s,—In fish there is no yorted at £105 a £107; bagged £120. in fair , at 43s. for brown, and 45s. 6d. a for refenty , on the spot. Linseed has receded, owing to specul realizing, to 39s. on the spot, 40s. for June, aud 4la. o | 41s. 62. for July deliveries. 46s. Cocoanut duit | at 40s. for Ceylon, and 608, for Cochin. | Rxe—The market ave ae Pointy ton. deney. Of 7,000 bags 080 auc. | ‘ion, only a small portion found buyers at 128. 8 184. for low im to middling white, with cargo nt 10s. A of Arrean, 10 arrive, has been sold a Ls. 64.) de liverable on {he continent. | SactverRe.—The market has been in ap aneattled stats and in the early part of the week sales, for art oe to 400 tons, were made from 39s. up to 428. On the spot there is little disposition to bay, and 8 400 bags | condition than the payment of goid for paper | at auction, were nearly all bought in, with the on demand, inatiae ere Ieety to 0 om | of $00 bog (refzscting 1 per cont) East India more #moothly; but, now aut. this convenient | for which 41» (a, Son both om the epot dat! Serene. eource of supply is checked, the smaliest and most ines "note anles of 88 pack: of Jamaica, recsonable ‘Guoanda by te govefument,on the bank | ¢,om age» 6a. for good amall to cena: sol vee, are bitterly resented,- Who that is aware of the bags pimento were Aone oa 50 8 4., aad complaints urged 4 Mr. Gladstone could have | 00 bage in at these prices, 'Syane supposed that ne very “head and frops of bie of- | stoves sold from 5544. 9 OGG; 2/000 age “4