The New York Herald Newspaper, May 14, 1854, Page 6

re THE RIGHTS OF NEUTRALS. Continued from the Herald of May 5. CHAPTER VI-—LAST. a The Present War—The Manifestocs—Limit Upon the New- tral Right to Carry Enemy’s Property (o the Belligerents —lis Hifecis—Tolal Exclusion of Individual Person and Property From Attack, the Objce! of the Ameliorative Bystem—Effect, to Abrogate War—Prebable Change of Beiligerent Policy During the War—Search—Extent of o Belligerent: Through ontrabandism—Annoyance of te yeren Weutral Trade—Proubles Arising from Blockade—Old les not Renounced—Confidence of the Allies—Neu- Shay oie Cannot Harmonize—Freedom of Frade, [iself, Multiplies the Chances af Collision. ‘As was to be expected after a forty years’ peace, gecupied by agencies of such remarkable change in international relations, and so augmentive of that grand force of progressive public sentiment, the awe of which affords so much greater restraint upon governments than all the venerable limitations of the lextalionis, the manifestoes put forth by the belligerents, in commencing the present war, ex- planatory of their intended policy towards neutrals, have a very moderate air. We should not yet, how- ever, congratulate ourselves too much upon the as- sumed sacrifice of old belligerent doctrine. The concession to neutral demands, respectable as it ap- pears, is not complete. The British government as- serts still,a portion of the old principle. Though it would seem the neutral is to be allowed a perfectly free trade with either belligerent, yet this pri- vilege does not extend to the business of carrying between the belligerents themselves. Lord Clarendon’s instructions to the Consul at Riga, together with a reply of the Committee of the Privy Council for Trade to a query of the English merchants, declare that neutrals will not be allowed to transport property belonging to the enemy, (limit- ng the application of this restriction, of course, to goods brought to the British market.) If Hngland ntain this restr alone, it is by it- uscless of any resalt to her benetit, yn interests. If the 1 and all other por on means to mé relf not m but is directly adverse to her trade of neutrals between Ru except with the enemies of Russia, is left free, this restriction, in its utmost effect, will merely limit the amount of Russian products England shall pur and the quantity of manufactures she may t sell to that country. It ‘the least affecting Russia, as she can send the go.ds refused by England to other marke i: from them the manufactures which England refuses to sell ber. The real operation of this rale must be to force England for the chief portion of the goods she buys from, and of those she sells to, Russia, to y the increased expense of an indirect voyage be- ee the two countries—placing her, in both ways, in unfavorable competition with other countries. A portion of this trade might be accommodated through nentral houses established within the Russian terri- tory, but we suppose this would be regarded as too thin a cover of the direct trade between the enemies themselves. A part of the trade will, of course, still continue as direct as before, under clandestine ar- rangements of the British and Russian merchants with neutrals, so subtle as to elude the vigilance of the governments. bach . * It would scem that England, if intending to main- tain no other restriction upon neutrals than this, would better have let this gone with the rest of the old theories. But there were considerations which, in a manner, forced the retention of this, To have sacrificed this, would be a complete revolution in all the practices and ideas combined under the name of war. Give perfect freedom to the enemy’s merchan- dise—placing the commerce in them upon the same footing asin peace—there is no reason, then, why the freedom to carry them should not be accorded to the enemy’s ships. “If all property but ships is free, why not make the ships free also? Thus private property would be entirely excepted from the touch of war, and national hostility would leave the rela- tions between subjects unchanged. But this would strip war of newt all its importance. The people, mictly pursuing their usual avocations, would care Httle about the hostility carried on by either govern- ment against the property of the other government. War, merely as a strife of officials, would seem ridiculous, and the use of armies and navies tor the rotection of any interests of the people, would no Enger be apparent. It is to this end that what we call the improvements in, and relaxations of, the war spirit inevitably tend. It is not to modily and humanise the system that combines masses of indi- vicual hostility, but it is to abolish it absolutely. Jt strikes at the very root of the system. it starts upon the recognition of the principle that it is unjust to impress individual persons or property into a strife into which individual interest does not prompt, and its ultimate object can be nothing less than the absolute immunity of the individual trom the abuse. The progress of the reform has alread, gone so far as to make a declaration of untoward position between gove the present of the reg commence test on one sid the represen h But we ought not to fe that the groinme of the war set forth in the beginning is that which will be retained to fts close. Nothing is so liable to change as the policy both of comts and camps in the management of a war. Cirenmstar Tiable to perpetual change exert an_ overbearing fluence upon saves this war, as & alert’ con- lers—a fray of jation al from the ¢ at least, of office-hold ‘ives of the people. ecure that the pro- iy the actions of all parties in war. It has deen the usual policy of England to pay much de- ference to the rights of neutrals in the comment ment of her wars. Governments, like the pugilists whose bestiality shocks them, usually enter the ring Jhumor, but grow more and more ckless as the set-to procec Beginning with the purpose of a few fair rounds, they are cver ready for a general row. ‘The opening for the resumption of old pr’ , through the band of war, t such as are comprehended under the term w. plies, are excepted m the general privil corded neutral tr with the enemy. That ex- ception every one seems to consider perfectly rea- sonable. how shall the prohibition be enforced? Will the invoice of cargo be considered suffivie’ the » of the cargo? Assuredly at were the , the exception might as mulgeted against the transportation in jes adverse to the cause ver course then remains even now coutemplated, but the ciples practice of search the inspection of the belligerents, can possibly and outrages, which st rgoes of neutral vessels by be unattended with abuses ll create unavoidable diff eulty between the power at peace and the power at | , what h Em- re those which the I yplies in contraband as ever been ace We have seen the ver m in the Jay ns of the party enforcing excel sion. p ition contraband qyuite contracted definitions 1 ex} We alle their a 1 ed erly. It w rise toa high pric P ntage e in Re of t sider , will continue to do in eeven of search. The fact becoming known, iated. How? By a restriction npon ssured in opening the war. Aguir others will ce trade to convey ¥ ports, wh ‘ war. Will that sapred permitted. ne old principle the general sentiment does not geem yet to have required belligerents to relinquish that is, exclusion by blockade— iciont to nullify, practically, all the con le to neutrals of the a ing neutra!s wolating an fication that it is to be Ruflicient forces.” be put in blockade an war. In the enforcement of b not but arise, regarding especially violations on one side and denied on the other. And as regards the amount of force, nothing is more likely tha that it will be found convenient to maintain block ades with insufficient for if the who. coust be declared in ¢ 8 it likely enough may. Then we may lo a 4 of the old contest as to the merits of agency of siege. Let it be noticed that the be in the opening of the war, when neutrals, renounce he old claims. said merely to be laid b, Le present. new principles, though well Napoleon has declared the es to maintain intact the right of prov blockade, with the qu ablished by mea paper as an standing i public sentiment, are not yet engrafted on th code of international laws. The preser | sition of the belligerents is just wh land has been accustomed to characteri lar course at other times, ‘‘a relaxation” on.) her established policy. At any moment in wire! it may suit her purpose to revive the old system, h) its fall stringency, she will not hesitate to do so. ; We have not the slightest doubt that to some extent, | and that as far as she dares to go, she will, in the | uree of the war, take the road backward toward | r old pretensions. The extent of iter progress | ahat Way will depend mpon the degree of exigency, | ! and the comparative ascendency of-her fears in jures herself, without in | And does any one suppose that | | prevailing appearance of all the surrounc other directions. It is very apparent, thatin the | present alliance of France, and the idea of a firm | union between them in regard to future objects, England feels a degree of strength, and has as- sumed a boldness of tone long unusual with her. How far France will go with her, isto be seen. At | present, the best spirit seems to prevail between | them. France has reason to hesitate at any revival of the theories so long and stubbornly resisted by her; but should the condition of the cause seem to | require their revival, Napoleon will certainly not ob- ject. The air of the old enemies has rat her too strong an odor of invincibility, against all possible contingencies, to assume a perfectly cautious policy on their part. Should they quarrel, and become antagonists again, in the midst of the war, or renew the old strife at its conclusion, a partial return to the old grounds of controversy seems inevitable. _ Nations at all times study their own interest, in- stead of the welfare of others, and never is this prin- ciple so active, of course, a8 with those in a belliger- ent attitude. Neutral interests form very little of their concern. All the respect paid them is that ex- torted by fear of congareeices: ‘The interest of the | neutral and belligerent Peace and War—can | never be rendered harmonious, as some people seem | to think. They must forever clesh. The nation at war is in reality at hostility with the whole world. England was lately, as a power at perce, on the most fair and satisfactory terms with the United States. She professes just as much friendship now but these is not the saine feeling of confidence here. Why? Because in going to war against another nation, she has declared a limited war upon us. She assures us, not of the advantages guaranteed before, disposition to limit, es much as she may, juries she will inflict upon us. That is all, cept the assurance, not of favor, but of modi- fied hostility; and are suspicious for the future. | The very purpose of exempting our interests from } ems rather to merease the danger. It | brings peace and war into more intimate neighbor- spare. There would soon be no public were universally admit and allowed. to pick and choose for themselves. expense, of a uard to prevent petty larcenies, on the othe ¢ hand, is more than the proprictor could » a", we must therefore excuse him in the compromir ¢ which he has adopted, of allowing plants, flo’ vers and bou- quets to be sold by the sentinel at te gate. The hall of the house and two ",ooms are open to the public. We will not enter i ato details concern- ing them, as they have bee go often described here if the, before. We wil simply register our names in the general record of visiters, and leave. Sorry we have not beer, able to meet Mr. John A. Washington; but he. jg not often visible to stran- ag He could do Pothing else if he was to devote ‘is time to them, Coming, as they do, from fifty to two or three hund‘red per day, during eight or nine months in the year. There is quive an improvement in the general ap- ance of tais mansion, and the whole series of uildings atzached to it, contrasted with berths earance ten Feark Si Then they appeared in the Tist stage of decomposition; now, they are in a pret- ty good state of preservation, and look smart and tidy in their new coat of whitewash. Otherwise, however, the place is still ina shabby and lamenta- ble condition, expecially the tomb of Washington and its immediate surroundings. You ask me, does Mr. Washington share in the proceeds of the sales of the garden articles, and in the profits of the walking-canes, at the tomb and at the landing? I suppose he does. His object is, doubtless, to prevent the indiscriminate destruction which visiters would otherwise make among the Pi shrubs, and young timber; and as two or hree idle negroes upon this place, (reduced as it has been to a tithe of what it was in Washington's time), could not be spared for the accommodation of the public, the proprietor can do no better than make the public share with him in the costs of their visits to this holy ground. The very fact that Mr. Washington has offered to sell the estate for $200,- | hood—tnultiplies indefinitely the points of contact betw them—and yery serioufly augments the liabilities of collision. Cur Virginia Correspondence. Mount Vernon, i Farrrax County, Va., May 6, 1854. { Trip to Mount Vernon by Steamboat—The Tomb of Washington—Its Dilapidated and Shameful Condition—The Mansion and the Grounds— Plants and Flowers for Sale— some Apology for the Present Proprictor—Duty of Congress to Preservethe Remains of Washi tonand his Consort in a Decent Vault, §c., § A little steamboat plying daily between Washing- ton city and Mount Vernon, sixteen miles below, round trip ene dollar, makes the excursion to the home and the tomb of Washington cheap and con- | Washington at 9 or 10 A. M.and returning by 3 P. M., with an hour and a half for explorations at Mount Vemon. An immense,acquisition to the daily pil- grims there has been the result of the introduction of this steamboat communication. Before its intro- | duction, several years ago, the round trip was a hard day's journey over the hills and hollows, and by a desperate country road, at an expense fora carriage of from five to eight dollars; and the visi- ters were comparatively few and far between. Buthere we are. We have landed from the Lat upon a substantial pier, which has been run out a hundred yards into the river. Those shad and her- ring upon the dock are from the fishing landing a few hundred yards below. It is the fishing season, and almost at every point where the beach is favora- ble, there is a “fishing shore,” so called, where the shad and herring are hauled out by seines, some of them a mile long. The Potomac thus yields many thousands of barrels of shad and herring every season. We strike at once, on reaching the shore, upon hal- lowed ground. Here is a plank foot-way ascending a little hollow between the wooded hills which rise abruptly from the river’s bank. These woods, you will perceive, still comprehend a fear of the primitive oaks of Washington’s day ; but a heavy growth of small, stunted timber and scrubby underbrush, with here and there a prostrate tree, disfiguring the jungle, shows, upon entering the threshold of this formerly beautiful estate, that it has been steadily running to waste and decay. Following the plank foot-way to a lower plateau of the summit level, some three hundred yards from the river, we stand in front of the tomb of Washing- ton, and are gazing through the iron gate at the tivo J rcophagi which inclose, the one the ashes of the “ Father of his Country,” and the other the dust of Martha, consort of George Washington. Immediately behind us are two marble obelisks, the one in me- mory of Judge Bushrod Washington, a nephew to whom the General bequeathed Mount Vernon, and the other to John Augustine Washington, a ne- phew of the Judge, and his successor in occupation of this estate, and the father of John Augustine, the present proprietor. To the right of the tomb is ano- ther chelisk, to the memory of Mrs. Conrad, wife of the ‘ecretary of War of that name. She was formerly 88 Lewis, of the valley of Virginia, the Lewises a branch of the Washington family. But look at the interior of this simple brick vault, put up at an expense ofa few hundred dollars! The | plastering has been falling from the walls, and lies, a mass of rubbish, on the floor! The brick work upon which Washington’s sarcophagus rests, is crumbling aw That familiar bird of the South, t | known as the bee-wee, has introduced life into this In that recess in the back wall { this inoffensive bird, and an- st the face of the wall, above the perbaps the home of a pair of swalle ‘ks, if not disturbed there ill be three families of these birds, hee-wees and swallows, in occupation of the tomb of Washington. , mark you, that young black man, who vends walking sticks, cut from the hickory, sweet gum, ar. sassafras, ash, oak and other trees in these ‘oves, sells them at twenty-five cents a piece. You y the price readily. Y¥: ow they are genuine. » ruw meterial is too abundant around you to ore that a darkey would go off this place to get mber, when the honest article is easier to ob- than the spurious. r eof the dead. there are two nes other directly eh ne, be 1 anse you f. He has them displayed et them at the spot its ainst the very wall of the tomb, all | sizes. Wh pommenta | this! The grave of Wag for the vending of wa tty enty-five cents of the shrewd: d swallows hay re they oung, atch hington. addening scene of dilapida o thehigher plateau of the mansion, ed footway around the brow of the the edge of the woods next the not describe this mansion. comm: the house, t tion utiful out br backw nked on eac . spontancons growth. hardy or 8 a floor, sa quarter of an trees, most of them of There are some tall Lom- Jars among them, which fi a the ¢ directio any Very many of the mansions unilies of the Old Dominion are m: n, the precise loc jent “first ked by these mbardy poplars. For example, in descending Potomac, for upwards of a hundred miles te vou will frequently observe upon the hills, o cluster of Lombardies, and though y net detect anything else from 1 'tthose trees indicate the presence of a c ld colonial establishment, gone, or ¢ ly, to. a melancholy state of decay. In fre the Mount Vernon mansion there is au open gr lawn of several acrea, softly sloping down to the verge of the wooded declivity whieh: abruptly descends to the river, and this lawn is ely with yellow butterenps and right there is @ small wheat apple orchard. The woods r astone’s throw from the portico. From this portico, which covers the entire front of the central building, the view of the broad Pote and the Srilisof Maryland and i above below, is ecry fine, notwith t ly t ti g n h is that @f a poor soil, irrecla le, except by long continued, careful and exper, sive cultivation. But the la have gone baci: to the garden, Let us join them there, We can't goin. Buta colored | woman is inside the gate, realy to trade, and our iit friends are purchasing | ets ana little flower pots at reasonable prices. There is a Jenion tree in this garden, vlanted by Washington, and the lemons from thia tree may bé hed ata dollar a piece; aud they are well worth jt to such as baye the woney to venient; and, with a pleasant company, a fine day, and a few leisure hours, especially on Saturday, the trip to a stranger is almost irresistible—leaving Tia} 000-to the government, is proof that he is not able to support it. He has doubtless expended all his receipts from the public, in the pier and the plank walks for their accommodation. He would doubt- lass have done much more had he been able to do it. But he is not wealthy. The lands of this Mount Vernon farm, cut down to a few hundred acres, like all the lands of this region, are poor. George Wash- ington made them pay ; but he had many thousand acres, and was a prince among farmers, as he was without a peeramong men. It is very doubtful ifa better practical farmer can now be found in the United States than was Washington, notwithstand- ing all the improved implements and valuable dis- coveries of our day. dilapidated, poverty-stricken and neglected cond tion as we find it. Ifthe government does not bu; the pie the State of Virginia will not the adecent tomb over the remains of Washin, and durable tomb of marble should be erected over the ashes of the greatest and best man of our coun- Le a do this, and rounds for r. Washington of the onerous duty, even though the property should remain in his hands. We call the attention of the Committee on Revolutionary Claims of both houses of Con; shameful condition of the tomb of Diese it prone appropriate walks about those mm. TICE. Tee lalate ices Mae i] From the Charleston. ury, May 4. About er past four o'clock yesterday morning, the kitchen of the house occupied ‘by Mr. Robert Jenny, in Burns's lane, near King street, was discovered to be on fire and rapidly commuaicating to the surrounding pagent which were principally of wood; apprehensions for a whi were entertained of an extensive conflagration. Through the active and skilfully disected exertions of our firemen, however, who contested the progress of the flames inch by inch, ‘they were arrested midway in the comfined nue in which the fire originated, We derive the follow- ing information of the extent of the damage from the Exening News:— ‘The kitchen of the house oceupied by Mr. Robert Jen- ry, adler, and owned by Mr. Nathan Nathans. Insured for $500. A two story wooden house, eceupied by Mrs. Ricks, be longing to the estate of Ricks. Insured for $500, ‘A wooden house owned by — Roberts, a colored man, and occupied by colored people, Two wooden buildings owned by Mrs. Beattie, one occu- pied by her. Insurance for $1,500 in the Augusta Insu- rance office, and the other insured for $1,250. ‘A wooden building, owned by C. W. Crouch, occupied by different persons.” Insured for $2,000 in Charleston Insurance and Trust Co. A two story woaen house, owned by Mr. John Daly, and occupied by Mra. Walters. Insured for $3,000 in South Carolina Insurance Company. The back buildings of Mr. Robert White, (furniture store.) Buildings ineured 10r 93,900 in. the South Caro- lina Tnsurence office, and furniture for about $1,000; loss estimated at about $2,500. Back buildings of the hous occupied by Mr. L. ©. H. Clore, and owned by Mr. John Gidiere. Insured for $506 in the Hartford Insurance Company. On the north side of Burns’ lune, the following is a list of the property destroyed or damaged :— A wooden building, owned and occupied by Mrs. Jo- sephs, partially burned. Insured in the Charlestog In. surance snd ‘Trust Compgny—house for $1,200 and kiteben for $200. A brick dwelling owned and occupied by Mr. Privr. In- sured for $1,000. Mr. Harbeson’s dwelling, owned by him, partially burned; insured jointly in the Columbia Insurance and the Firemen’s Insurance companies, for $1,200. Legal Intelligence. Svrrrer Court oF THR Usttap StaTRs, May 4.—No. 99. Joseph Guitardet al., plaintiffs in error, vs. Henry Stod- dard. The argument of this cause was concluded by Mr. Geyer for the plaintiffs in error. No. 100. James Irwin, appellant, vs. the United States. This cause was sub- mitted to the Court on the record and printed arguments ‘by Messrs. Wylie and Ritchie fer the appellant, and b; Attorney-General Cushing for the appellees. No. 108. Mary E. Barney, appellant, ve. David Saunders et al. The argument of this cause was commenced by Mr. Linton for the appellant, and continued by Mr. Lawrence for the appellee. May 5.—Ex parte. In the matter of Josiah Stafford and uisiana. Ap- wife, appellants, vs. the Union Bank of al from the District Court of the United States for exas. Mr. Justice McLean delivered the opinion of this Court, overruling the motion to dismiss this appeal, aud award a precedendo, &c. No. 105. Mary E. Barney, appel- lant, vs. David Saunders, et The argument of this cause was continued by Mr. Bradley for the appellee, and concluded by Mr. Chilton for the appellant. Rule No. (8.—First, In all cases where a) tof orror or an appeal shall be brought to this Court from any judgment or decree, rendered thirty days before the com- mencement of the term, it shall be the duty of the plain- tiff in error or appellant, as the case may be, to docket the cause, and file the record thereof with the clerk of this court within the first six days of the term; and if the writ of error or appeal shall be brought from a judg- ment or decree rendered less than thirty days before the ecmmeneement of the term, it shall be the duty of the plaintifl in error or appellant to docket the cause, and file the record thereof with the clerk of this Court with- in the first thirty days of the term; and, if the plaintiT in error or appellant shall fail to comply with this rule, the cefendant in error or appellee may have the cause cocketed and dismissed upon producing a certificate from the clerk of the Court wherein the judgment or decree ting the cause and certifying that such has been duly sued out and allow- shall the plaint#f in error or appel- ket the cause and_file the record | have been docketed and slismissed ai f error or appe: ed. And in no ¢. lant be entitled after the rame » | under the rule, unless by order of the Court or the cor rent of the oppe cond. B »{ in error or appellee may at t the care and file a copy of the record Court; and if the case is docketed with (he elerk of this Court of time above li case shall stand for ai x | May #&.—Sur Parrett, Feq , of Penneylvani Feq., of Washington Ci'y, D. ¢ axd eonnsellors of this court Alexander J. Marsball vs Ohio Railroad Company, the United States for the tice Grier delivered the of the judgment of the with cc No. 112. Chorles Davenport et al. vi in error to the Cireuit Court of the United States for East Ivuisiana. Mr Justice McLean delivered the opinion of the cor distolesing this writ of error with costs, for y ‘The steamboat New World, Edward Minturn, claimants, appellants, vs, Frederick @. King. This e was submitted to the court on the record and ‘arguments by Mr. Cutting for the appeliants, ¥ Mr. Mayer for the appelice No. 108, Timothy Fanning, »ppeliant, vs. Chaekes Gre- foire, etal, The argument of this canse was commenced by Mr. Wilson for the ap t, and eontinued by Mr. Smith for the appellees. journed and J. Francis Clement were admitted attorneys & the Baltimore and to the Cirenit Court of viet of Maryland. Mr. sion of this court, affirm e aid Cirouit Court in this cause, error F. Fletcher et al., MeLaxcnoty Occurr NRowsxp.—We copy from the Binghamton Daily Re- med of the Sth inst., the following paregraph:— ab Hathaway and wife, Charles Hathaway and - Hathaway and bis two sisters, and two grand- ren of Semuel Hathaway, of Windsor, Broome Co., Sumay last entered a skill, and proceeded as usual their way to church, across the Susquehanna river, ing reached the opposite ride, the bow of the skiff struck against some bushes which overhung the bank; 4 strong north wind and a violent current carried around the stern of the skiff, which struck against a log, upset- ting it, and throwing the whole party, exeept @. Hatha- wit, who jumped ashore, into the river, The lntter sav- ec Deacon Hathaway and wife and his own sister. Chas. ‘chk——Five — Prorra® Hathaway and hie wife wore seated in the stern of the | boat when the atoident occurred. He would bave effect- ed the eseape of hitmeeif and wife but for the children, who clung to Wm, Hathaway. But notwithstanding the efforts of George, Chas. Hathaway end his wife, and the tye children above mentioned, as well ae a esejer of G. Katlsway, were all drowned, Finally, while we absolve Mr. John A. Washing- ton frem all bleme, while we admit that under the circumstances he is doing the best he can, it is pain- ful, it is shameful that Mount Vernon, and especially the tomb of Washington, should be in such ashabby, permit Jnited States to purchase it— cnerban gin the consent of the proprietor, has yet the power to erect ton and his consort, where they lie, without disturbing them. They should not be disturbed ; but an appropriate or of any country ; and over Martha, the wife of shington, who sleeps by his side. Congress should ¢ public accommodation, and relieve }» $0 the present Outrage on Amerteans In the Falkland Islands. The following extracts from a private letter will be read with interest — ‘Sranuay Harpo, FALKLAND IeLanps, March 17, 1854. My Duar 8in—In accordance with my promise to write to you, I shonid before this have forwarded you an epis- tle; but, since leaving Boston, nothing of interest oc- curred to vary the usual monotony of a cruise until about the 15th of February ult., when a despatch was received by the Commodore, then lying at ‘Montevideo, from our commercial agent at there islands, stating that the cap- tain of a whaler lying at New Island, the westernmost of the group, had been charged by some deserters from his ship with killing wild hogs, and that the Governor had ordered a man-of-war brig to proceed to the island and capture the ship. 4 ‘This information induced the Commodore to send this ship (the Germantown) down to inquire into the fasts —s proceedin, as no American Pp g the more necessary ship- of-war bad visited the group for twenty years. ‘On the 2d we arrived, and learned that the Lg aid Express had sailed for New Island to capture ship. On the 3d the American schooner Washi mn, @ tender to the whaler, came in in charge of an English lieute- nant and six men, and was at once boarded and brought to anchor under our guns—the lieutenant, to avoid the is eable mneneiry of saying that he surrendered, falsely stating that he was not in charge, but merely put on board to see the vessel in—a despicable equivo- cation. On the afternoon of the same day, the bi rived, bavingin company the whale ship Hudson, P- ‘tain Cliff, which ship was also in charge of an Englis! Meutenant. The ship not being able to enter the inner harbor, was anchored outside, and on discovering the pennant of a ship of war, the Lieutenant landed on the nearest beach, leaving on board Pee ak constable havin a warrant for the arrest of Captain Cliff. We at once sen’ on board, restored the captain to his command, and Jearned the facts of the case. Nearly a year since Captain Cliff killed some wild hogs on an uninhabited island, which hogs had been placed there by himself and others whaling in that neighbor- hood, that they might breed. Several months subsequent to this the Governor and Council passed an act imposing a One of twenty poun ling upon any person who should kill any cattle y part of these islands: an act which could not extend to these hogs; first, because they did not belong to the Falkland Island Company, for whose protectifi the act was passed, and secondly that it was expoct facto. The desertion of a boat's crew brought the knowledge of the killing to the Governor, and a writ was issued on the oath of these deserters for the arrest of Captain Cliff. ‘Armed with this, and accompanied by a constable to serve the writ, the Express sailed for New Islané, where the Hudson was lying moored, with sails unbent, and seized not the captain for whom they had a warrant, but the ship and schooner, made prisoners of the crews, and took possession of the ship’s papers . Captain Cliff olfered to proceed to Stanley in the schooner or in the man.of- war, and entreated the commander of the Express not to break up his voyage by removing the ship from her pre- went secure anchorage; deaf to all representations, he merely stated that bis orders were to bring the ship and schooner, and ordered the mate of the ship, Mr. Leeds, to bend sails and prepare the ship for sea, under the threat of putting him in irons if he refused, a most atro- cious violation of personal liberty, for which Captain Boys and other cfficers of her Britannic Majesty's brig Express deserve to be branded as pirates. Fully determined not to interfere in any way with the judicial authority, Captain Cliff races before the ma- gistrate, and was fined eight hundred and eighty pounds sterling upon the charge of killing twenty-two es in August last. No evidence was offered by the prosecution other than the depositions of the deserters before named. The captain offerea to prove ne log that at the time named he was on the coast of Patagonia; but this petty despot, a Mr. Montag, refused to hear the defendant either by himself or counsel, thus committing under the color of the law a direct robbery, and affording us an opportunity of seeing imen of English justice. The fine was 8 juently reduced to twenty-seven pounds. It t appears very clearly that this out been cau: complete solely by their jealousy of our hat possession of the whole fishery off these islands; and, un- oo to cope with a hardy Perege bre tegeam by petty exactions, trum; up charges, 108 prison- Frente to drive off our whalers. this case they wont out full of exultation to capture the ‘damned Yankee. ” They return to find an American man-of-war in port, and cap in hand deny any intention of violating our rights. is is not an isolated case—it occurs ly; accounte a) in the newspapers, the public i tion in excited; but the owner submits to the indigalty and loss rather than lose time and money, wail fh the antichambers of the authorities for satisfaction daily promised, but never given. All the pepere in the case will be forwarded to the [rene gh it it may demand satisfaction for the in- Senity to our flag, and compensation for breaking up the ip’s voyage. Our Brazilian Correspondence. Rio ps Jawemo, March 26, 1854. Rio Taking a Start in Modern Civilieation—Introduction of Gas, Railroads and an Organized System of Water Supply—The Fashionable Watering Place Petropolis— Visit of their Imperial Majesties to the Theatre—The Russian Yacht Shut Up in the Harbor of Rio. Ten years ago I landed in this most interesting country, and in 1849 I left itagain ona trip for California, and re- turned here, about four weeks since, in the fast steam- ship Yankee Blaie. 1 was gratified to Gnd that some of the North American manufactured goods that were first introduced by me, have become staple articles of coim- merce, and that some of our machinery and agricultural implements are now much used here. The progress which Brazil has made in the period which I name has been great indeed. Amongst other evidences of this fact 1 may mention that gas was last night introduced into this city for the first time. The whole country for miles around, and entire families, with their long train of ebony slaves, were to be seen march- ing through the streets, to behold the effect of this modern wonder. Even the man who lighted the lamps was an object of their respectful admiration. Good wholesome water is now freely brought through the city in iron tubes, and at every corner of the streets can be drawn into buckets and supplied to the houses. Yesterday the railread cars were also, for the first time, successfully set in motion, on a short trip from of January, to the base of the mountain leading to Pe- tropolis, a flourishing place about fifty miles from this city, and which was first settled about eight years ago, by @ colony of German emigrants. The Emperor ha: built a palace there, where he spends the summer months. Petropolis’ has also become a watering place. To reach it, yon take a small steamer in Rio, which conveys you about thirty miles, to Port Es- ~ trella Railroad, the length of which is ten miles; an om- nibus conveys you ten more up hill, and you are then at pee your Lerdst essen! esterday was an imperial gale day. His Imperial Majesty and the Empress, attended by the Court, yet} into the palace in the efty, with an escort of about 800 mounted troops, in handsome uniforms. They then at- tended m: which was celebrated in the imperial chapel, by the Bishop of Rio, a very aged man. All the ships in the harbor were dressed with their flags. In the afternoon there was I review of the troops, and in the evening their Majesties attended the theatre. Don Pecro II. is beloved by all his subjects, and no country has fairer prospects ot long years of peace before it. There fertunately has been no yellow fever in this country this year, and as the season for it is nearly sited by it this year. 2ith.—‘The Ruselan yacht did not get out of the harbor, as was reported, and I hear this morning that it belongs toa Russian prince, who ison board. tacking about the harbor, but has not yet succeeded in her closely. The coflee marketis in an unsettled state. There is a slight decline on former quotatione—the news of the late steam packet from Europe being considered unfavorable to the coflee market—say 4 miliries per archa of S2Ibs., having declined from last week two bund: + about He, on the aroba. HS. Porto Rico=Their Respective Capavilittes, New York, May 9, 1854. Jams Gonpon BENNETT, Esq. — Sin—But recently returned from the port of Caborojo, on the west side of the island of Porto Rieo, I would res pectfully request of you to insert the following remar! in your valuable and widely circulating journal, for the benefit of such ship owners and ma be trading to that pert. The port of C; jo is locate almost at the extreme west by south side of Porto Rico. and bas but recently been opened as a port of ea! ‘The enchorage is excellent, and the harbor affords th best protection to all vessels that visit The depth of water within from two hundred to two hund and fifty yards from the shore avernges about twenty fect. scharge and rec ‘go by means 0° lighters; i the distance from thore where vessels generally an r is so trifling that the expense of lighterage is ma ially diminished, and is much lower than in any other ports in the island of Porto Rico. Vessels drawing from tweive to twelve and a half feet of wate: within # few hundred yards of the shore in safety, and the means of ingress and egress tothe harbor are such that a master of n vessel can enter with perfect safety, by aid of a pilot, who can always Le procured outside the bar. a half miles distant from the better known and larger port of Mayaguez, which is the principal port of export onthe west side of the island. However, the bar of Mayeguez being more open, cannot afford that protection in Case of a gale which would be afforded by the harbor of Caborojo, where the water is generally calm and un disturbed. The exporte from Caborojo are almost exclusively sugar and molasses; nnd the estites being located within but a few rode from the sea ebore, the facilities for loading versels are great. As this port is but little known, I think {t important to the interests of commerce that attention should be éalled to ite capabilities. Your obedient servant, G. W. STROUT, Master of schooner J. Pribble, of Harrington. of vessels as may ELLER—The propeller Baltic, . ‘6 new side screws, went out on a trial trip @ few miles up the Iake’yesterday afternoon. As it was )Dpossible to get sufficient sterm up, in conee quence of sme temporay difficulty with the Boilers, the trial was not eonsidsred any test of the speed which can | be accomplishés’ with the new principie, bot suffiicent | was done to ratisfy’ every of the entire success of the side rerew, aud to prove that the invention is the ope of anew erd in the savigation of the lakes by . ‘The persons intere.*ted Sr pestvetiy satinfied their progrese, and confiderXt in the achievement of a great triumph. —Bugalo Commer, ‘al, May 6. ! | } Port Estrella, at the head of the navigation of the river | ionable | passed, we all flatter ourselves that we will not be vi- | She bas been | her escape, as the English steamship of war is watching | The Ports of Caborojo and Mayaguez, tn | an anchor | perfect | The port in question is about five and | - The erp 7 have reeently con- ferred degree U some twenty-six students of that institution. > At the recent annual commencement at Philadelphia of the Pennsylvania Female Medical College, the medical degree was conferred upon Mrs. R. Brown, of Galveston, Texas; Miss F. G. Shattuck, of Philadelphia; Miss Elizabeth H. Bates, of Morris, Otsego county, N. Y., and Miss Bieges, of Germany, all of whom have exhibited a very considerable degree of adaptation to the duties of the profession. i ‘The London Lancet states that in 1848-'9 it was discoy- ered that the epidemic cholera in that city was fatal in nearly an inverse proportion to the elevation of the ground on which the dwellings of the inhabitants stood, and that, though the deaths were comparatively few during the present epidemic, the same relation between the rates of mortality at different elevations was ob- served to characterize it. The mortality in the districts erage elevation of twenty, and below forty feet, was 16 in 100,000; at forty and below sixty feet, 11 in 100,000; at sixty and below eighty, only 4; at eighty and below one hundred, only 3; while at an elevation of less than twenty feet above Trinity high-water mark, the mortality was 31 in 100,000 of the inhabitants. Dr. Luther Reilly died at Harrisburg on the 20th ult., aged fifty-nine years. He had been identified with the various public interests of the community in which he lived, for a third of a century, ful! the trusts con- ferred upon him with unvarying ‘fidelity, and died much respected and esteemed by his fellow-citizens. Dr. John Bradley died at Williamsburg, on the 10th ult t byl odie 49. Dr. Morris, a well known phy- sici nd citizen, died in Brooklyn on the 8th inst., at the of 56. Dr. Stephen Cum: died at Richmond Island, Me., on the 2d inst., at the age of 82. The case of Dr. Thomas H. Pinkerton, to recover fees for medico-mesmeric attendance on one of his patients, a Mr. Kinsley, of Somerville, Mass., was recently tried in the Court of Common Pleas, in Boston, and resulted in a verdict for the plaintifi’s claim of $88 33. Dr. Charles F. Haffenéabl, of Boston, also recovered ina suit brought before the same term for homeopathic ser- vices rendered Mr. Lewis Hanson. The doctor claimed $24, but the jury increased the amount ‘o one hundred cents. Dr, Dickson, of London, says that the sudden grasping of a leg or arm, on the application of a ligature, has ar- rested fits of mania and epilepsy, and he attributes many of the good effects of bleeding to the ligatures used in the operation, arising from the sense ot touch, which, it is well known, is spread over the whole surface of the ody, and may be affected in many ways. |The lightest touch to the white of the eye often causes protracted pain; some persona may be thrown into fits by putting a bristle into the nose or ear; touching the fauces, or back part of the mouth, causes vomiting; touching the inter- nal surface of the bladder has produced vomiting, faint- ing, chills, rheumatism, and epilepsy. Vaccine matter, says the Medical Investigator, consists of at least two substances—the infectious substance, which developes itself in the malpighion mucus, beneath the epidermis, and causes the reproduction of the vaccine disease, the cow pox; and second, the liquid or dried pus of the pustule, or crust to which the infectious substance, or vaccine, adheres, It is all important that the vaccine matter should be placed in the rete muco- sum, immediately bencath the epidermis, and never 80 deep as to resch the culis vera. An opium eater—accustomed to using a quarter of an ounce of morphine per week—narrates some of the effects which hie experienced by the gaabit, viz. : incapa- city for bodily exertion or locombTion; obstruction of the lungs, ‘torpidity of the liver, constipation, palpi- tation of the heart, mental debility, reverie, misan- throphy. Madame Baivin, of France, a noted midwife, delivered 20,517 women, and of this number only sixteen were de- livered by embryotomy (cutting jtho child by instru- ments,) in all of which the mother recevered. me La Chapelle, it is also stated, attended 15,652 cases, four- teen being delivered by embryotomy, and all the mo- thers recovered safely. On the other hand, it is asserted that in the cases of embryotomy coming under the care of the most celebrated and experienced male accouchers of Europe, one mother died out of every five thus de- livered. Toothache, which is the result of simple xeon and irritation of the dental pulp, may, acco! Dr. Tore, a well-informed writer on the subject of odon' treated by the application of narcotics and anesthetics, to deaden sensation, or vehement stimulation of the ox- nerve, to exhaust its sensibility, or by the essen- tial oils of cloves, cinnamon, cajepnt kreosote, com- bined with morphia, in a thin paste, acts well. A thick solution of gutta percha in chleroform allays the Neng and forms a bend which shields the nerve for a time. Permanent relief is only afforded by extraction of ti tooth, or destroying its nerve. For the latter, arsenoi acid is the most. efficient, combined with four parts of morphia, to abate the pain. Apply directly to the nerve, on asmall pellet moistened with kreosote, and cove with a cap of wax, so as to avoid pressure. The use of calomel in diseases of children was the topic of discussion at a recent meeting of the Philadelphia County Medica! Society. The Journal says that the va- rious medical gentlemen who spoke on the subject coin- cided in the opinion that calomel is a valuable, or rather an invaluable, remedial agent in Meco cholera infantum, croup, fevers, inflammatory an bi eares. The editor of the Connecticut Courant has some judi- cious observations in a recent number of that paper, on the injurious effects of exposing the limbs of young fe- male children to the cold, according to the present mode of juvenile dress. It may in time harden the constitution, but, in nine cases out of ten, tho little rer falls a victim, in some way or other, of the process, on account of the effect upon the circulation of the blood induced by the sudden cha of temperature. There is.no easier method of bringing on croup or lung fever than allowing the legs to become so intensely cold as they must, frequenily, by this injudicious fashion of dressing. The New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal, which was owned and edited by the late lamented Dr. Hester, has been sold since his de e. Dr. Dowler will proba- oo be his successor in the editorial conduct of the Jour- nal. ‘ Dr. E. H. Fllis has been elected President of the Madi- son and Indianapolis Railroad eompany. The climate of Australia is far less genial and health- ful than that of California. During the six winter monthe violent influenzas are prevalent. Sudden deaths are terribly frequent; and deaths by disease of the heart rapidly followed by mortification. Scarlet fever, live complaints, and scarlatina prevail very generally. medical profession in London—so says the Morning Ad- vertiser of that city—on account of the hands of a young lady having become so firmly clenched together as to re- ra moment, from the palm of her hands. The pho- | nomenon occurred while she was ¢ | experiments, and since then she 1 hands, Galignani’s Messenger says that the man, Pansales, who was attacked by a tiger, #0 that bis nose was bitten ‘off— hanging’only by the skin of tae upp ing several wounds on the beediand seewllers, wel | placed in the hands of medical men, who replaced the skin on the skull, readjusted the ear, refiited the nose, after removing the bones and cartilages, which coald not lost the use of her ‘To prevent inflammation, they kept bladders filled with ice around the head of the patient for five days. The nose now adheres entirely; the skin of the skull has also ad- | hered; but the car is sti l not quite solid. ‘Tn proof of the influence of vaccination in Englan(, it is stated that out of every one thousand deaths in the half century from 1750 to 1800, there were ninety-six of smallpox; out of alike number from 1800 to 1850, thir- ty-five were of smallpox. In the various German States sufficient evidence, it is said, can be obtained to show rain dis- | | early advocate for Catholic emancipat guire great force to meparate the fingers, and then only | (0) that, before vaccination was used, out of every one | thousand deaths there occurred from smallpox 66.5, | after vaccination 7.26. In on article on female physicians, by Mra, Fowler, | communicated to Dr. Cook’s new medical journal, the writer says she knows of a lady, not much’ more tha | twenty years old, who already @ good medical busines The Rhode Irland Medical Soctety, in its code of eth says:—The use of quack med raged by the faculty as dis in mus to healt and often physician or surgeon, therefore cret rost even if it be } has should di invention or exclusive for if it is of real off the concealment of netics and , and if mystery alone give it value and import such eraft implies disgraceful ignorance or frau avarice.’’ Medical and Surpical Journal gives rather E of the debut of Dr. r, who fs a Prof Hf. Davia in th 801 a “Mounds and Ancient yy,” at the Boston Lowe the first lectare the hal! on the Missiseippi Valle: On the evening of of four lect Works of th | led with lad men, but the | ¢ s to detract | very much from the goad effect of his performance | Lord Dacon says that on a certain occa: heart of « man who wns disembowelled, (as # trailor,) which beivg thrown into the fire nccording to the cus: ed out at first a foot and a half high, and t for the space of some seven ar cight related of another man who was d he same manner, that after his heart wae | entirely tagn out of his body, and in the hand of the ex- ecutioner, he was heard to say three or four words of | prayer. The report of the Vermont Asylum for th | the last year, shows that there were 872 pationts in that institution on the Ist of August last. Dr. Rockwell, the | skilful and humane superintendent, says that of those placed in the arylam within six months from the attack nearly nine tenths haye recovered—a very considerable proportion. Insane, of & regular contributor to the new Journal of Medieal Re- form, published in this city The City Registrar of Boston, in his recent report, holds the following language in respect to the mortality returns:—‘‘It is believed that from ten to twenty per cent too many are reported, and recorded, as dying of consumption. It is not to be denied that phthisia ia the great life destroyer of our climate, but it is believed by many intelligent and professional observers that too much is charged to this malady, while ecrofala, maras- mur—a general wasting withont palmonary affection— and diseases induced by vicious indulgences, do not bear their true proportion. effects of chloroform. The Court sustained the foliow- ing allegations, and hence its decision: Ist, that chloro- form was unnecessarily administered, as t! ration to be performed was not of sufficient magnitude to justify its employment; 2d, that the room was not suffi- cientfy ventilated; 3d, that no provision had been made against accident. pa of by xiat og . ha is the employment of this near death. Dr. A. egent ip suspension of | Mrs. Lydia J. Pierson, the well-known writer, is tobe | | ergs are very frequent; dysentery, so common in summer, is _ the fumes of charcoal, from the fixed air of pits tion of mines, &e. Academy of Sciences, of Paria, that” cademy of ces, OF no chencal action on the chyme, and that digestio would proceed just as well without the interference o bile. considers the latter fluid as a kind of detritur ba ogg the economy frees itself by means of the inter eo. gr before th the bile exercise A medical correspon: Medicine states that for three years he has used croup, and in all that time has not seen @ fatal which was treated with it from the beginning. H ally ‘bout ten onee in ten minutes, 0 vo! 7S al grains, pig is induced, using at the same time tartar-em, ive % ndent of the New Hampshire rae le = rf ve syrup freely—thi jing the mation, while ie sions has more of fep¥ Dr. Kirkbride, the physician of the Pennsylvania Ho; pital for the Insane, Gives a tabular statement in his lar rks of the cause of the insanit; admitted into that Of the 1, males, the farmers take the numbering 188, there were also 27 physicians. The number of f treated was 1,099. A work on rheumatism and gout has been published Dr. Wiss, Berlin. The hot air bath is ve: pecser nl commended in both affections. In England, treat the cholera have 4 ree severally from the pens « Drs. Scott, Alison, it, and Hearne—the last mame writer commending in strong terms the of ™ ministering acetate of ent tise grains,) opiun (one grain,) every fifteen minutes in the diarrheal ‘ The excellent memoirs of the celebrated Dr. Abernow _ which have recently attracted so much attention on t! part of the public, and which have been wit equal interest by the professional and general reader, #: having a large sale in Europe and this country. Respec’ ing Dr. A.’s well known eccentricity and which, in these volumes are dwelt upon with somew! of emphasis, a writer in the Medica- very justly remarks :—‘‘ Nature had gifted the heart Abernethy with a rare tenderness and generosity; 8] had placed on the surface only, the Tuggedness hi speeee, fee mental disquietude and from Dr. Noble, in his lately issued work on insanity, defin. it as consisting in chronic disorder of the brain, indu, ing perversion of ideas prejudicial to, or destructive ¢ the freedom of the will. He maintains, with acuteness, his position as to the essential connection tween this diseare and cerebral disorders. It isa fact statistically proved, and more general th any other that has been ascertained in regard to t health of different portions of the human race, t! among those in want of the comforts of life there is ( greatest amount of sickness and mortality. Dr. George 8. Jones has become associated with Dr V. ©. Smith, the present Mayor of Boston, in the edii ship of the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. Obituary. Dram oF THE MaRQuis OF ANGLBSEY.—The dee of the Marquis of Anglesoy is announced by t telegraphic report from Halifax. Hemry William F get, Marquis of Anglesey, was born in i768. After: classical education, commenced at Westminster achc and completed at Oxford, he entered the army, He serv in Flanders under the Duke of York, and subsequent in the Peuinsula, where he distinguished himself by series of brilliant achievements. At Waterloo he evinc | much skill in command, and personal daring, which c: him a leg. He was elected a member of Parliament, subsequently succeeded, on the death of his father, ré seat in the House of Peers as the Earl of Uxbrids During the trial of Queen Caroline, the wife of Geor the Fourth, he took the umpopular side t t former. It is related that on one occasion, rounded by # crowd who insisted upon his shouting f the Queen, he, after holding out as long as possible, » * claimed, ‘' The Queon, then ; all your wives be li her!’ He held office under and Was made, | | the Wellington Cabinet, Viceroy of Ireland, where } rule was judicious, conciliatory and Popular, He was . The Marqv ‘was divorced from his first wife, who was a ently the Earl of Jersey, and he sul daughter of the Earl of ti ) at ee ae of his early days at Westminster a1! Deaty oF Lord CockBuRN.—Lord Cockburn is dead. Tary world ab the blograpisr of Lord eioy, “ae was rary world as the jeffrey. inveterate whig, and an ascoctate of the brilliamt ett of reviewers and spirited whig partisans of Edinbur Although fond of literary pursuits, and of the society litera his ol ae ce as an author was ‘the bi pher of his friend, Lord Jeffrey. This wo: did not do much for his reputation. It was’ too local its character, and destitute of those catholic sympathi| a true man of literature would have exhibited, and su a subject as the great critical hierarch claimed. Lo: Cockburn was an able lawyer, an effective orator, a: assessed of such social characteristics as made him t! favorite companion of the best men of Edinburg. Capt. THomas L. Rrxagor, of the ordinance 8, at Washington on the 11th inst. eit A) ithe following quan-oficlal article y the fol cial article , that the atcecinben Missouri hi it to became a candidate fi to Congress at the expiration of his prese1 term, and also a candidate to the United States Senat _ to succeed Senator Atchison :— ‘ dete for Congress tn tha district, asjockto the wis candidate for Congress in sudject to the wis! es of the democracy, as expressed by & ieee electi + In making this announcement, it is due t Colonel Bent to say, that in the present instance, as daring a loag li devoted to the service of his country, he fi ready to abic the decision of the people, and the peoph only. If ti democrats of the First district desire that he shou again stand forth to confront the combired me ar jim t Benton | pullifiers, no personal disinclination willinduce decline doing so. War has been made upon the repr sentative of the Firet district in his own camp. Insu and outrage have been cast upon all the democrats in tl State of Missouri by mere neophytes in place, and if t! democracy wish to vindicate their own honor it is the right todo so, and they have a pre-emption of thir’ years upon the use of his name We are also authorized to state, that Col Benton likewise a candidate before the le of the State | large, for re-election to the Senate of the Uni | States. By a foul and fraudulent treachery the de: Considerable excitement has been created among the | g the table-moving | or Lip—besides receiv- | be comecicatrized, and then dressed the other wounds. | ocratic party was cheated of their choice for Sen. tor in 1850, and was betrayed to the whigs. The app which was taken in behalf of the Union, and against tl nullifers, was endorsed by Missouri, Yet the bribe of] few paltry bank officers induced a part of those w! were trusted by the democracy to cover themselves wif everlasting ignominy, and sell the office of Senator of tl United States. Again we see the dark flag of ulterior di unien unfolded, and these traitors marshalling the: selves under the guise ef a new sla tation, for t! purpose of contesting once more the joyalty of Miso. to the glorious confederation of the States. The gauntl! has been thrown down—the leaders of the former reve Vive gotten themselves instelled in office—all the a ances of power and corruption and intrigue are coalescis for renewed conflict, yet the democracy of our Stat, strong in their own sense of duty—strong in their o| faith—strong in patriotic devotion to the common bo: of union—do not fear the battle. They will sweep wa chaft, from their federal entrenchments, those whom th: huried with such withering contempt from the Legial ture, the banks, the bench, and all the offices of t! State. They will ence more crush the incipient plot vindicate their own choice for Senator, establish t! right of the majority to rale, and make the will of t! people the only will to be respected by administration both national and State. Thay cannot be read out of t! ranke by subalterns in office, for refusing to swear feal toatrocious appointments; and, though defrauded ar cheated, they will not submit even to be ignored by m a. 4 | guided councils at Washingto: on he saw the | Troors Gore To Canrrornta OveRLAND.—( Saturday U8. evening a detachment of the third ent iMery, consisting of companies A ¥, » in all some one hundred and elghty me he Jake on the steamer Ocean, on their way ‘The route they are to take is that by t Mountains. At Fort Leave hi they are to be joined by a detachment of dragoor and they expect to leave that point about the Ist June. Thence they will proceed up the Platte river to t! South Pass and to Salt Lake, probably wintering in Uta and continuing their journey in the spring, The office in the detachment are Lieut. Colonel Steptoe, comman tng; Lr. Wintz, surgec Lieutenan and Tyler. Dr. Wirts and Lie Mere of the privates, San Franciveo at the time of the re ips from which some ot t to revover, and wh for a life-time, We cx versed with one of the poor fellows who had pars, through these terrible trials, and the evident horragiig of er, Livingston er, with rome bo ter, and underwent bards are even now but just beginnir will leave their effects npon the he reverted to the ecenes, was a painf cringe he had encountered. He compls b f the treatment the troops had rece! rly d that they felt it hard that t no recompense, even in the horrors the California e © would probably h Tt oceurred to us that something must be wrong, wh such a spirit is abroad among the troops. Tt is state however, that for the present journey every prevision h been made for the comfort and health of the men, and is to be hoped that the gallant fellows will have a ple cant trip. Their presence will doubtless prove a whol some check upon the Indians. Col. Steptoe ia said to an excellent officer, and he served with distinction in t Mexican war. Maj. Reynolds was also in the last wo and received two brevets for gallant conduct.—Buye Advertiser, May 8. Tre Ixprax Borgat—The Commissioner of 1) dion Affairs is just now understood to be very close ed in the work of negotiating treaties with rcost iferent Indian delegations now in Washingte , There are delegations from eight distinct tribes now her more of them being thus represented at this point th ever before. They are the Delawares, Shawnees, Kick 108, Stockbridges, Chickasaws, Choctaws, and othe Fiis'underatood that the task of coming toa. settleme with the various Nebraska tribes represented, proves be a very difficult one indeed. They are said to evin considerable indisposition to the proposed method yayment of their annuities to be on, which t the | government conceives to be best for them. That is, Two Furgeons in Paris were recently condemned to pay | & nominal fine for allowing a patient to die under the | goods, instruction, farming, tools, &e. Those who a civilived, and are already far advanced in the whi man’s arts, habits and customs, complain against it wi ‘a how of reason, urging that they can disburse th: funds from the government more judiciously, so far their own interest is concerned, than any governme agent can, In most cases, however, if we are ny 2 taken, the proportion of uncivilized’ to elilized 4g frcf ten to one hundred to one. It strikes us that under su_ , a8 a general thing, it will be most diffict ith advantage to the tribes at la wi ‘a tuty circumstances. to dispense wi . the wurpose of so pay ing their annuities under all treaties, as to make {t certain that the money will not for whiskey and beadn, as heretofore—- WV, Sen from drowning, from inkaly- nel, Mey 0,